Heterogeneous communication fusion distributed electric heating multimode collaborative flexible access terminal device

Abstract

The invention provides a heterogeneous communication fused distributed electric heating multimode collaborative flexible access terminal device, which relates to the technical field of power load regulation and control, and comprises a communication module, a control module, a safety module, a power supply module, a heterogeneous protocol conversion module and a flexible regulation and control balance module, the communication module is provided with an RS-485 wired communication interface and a LoRa wireless communication unit, a hardware-level protocol analysis engine and a heterogeneous protocol conversion module are also integrated in the communication module, and the communication module establishes an uplink communication link with an upper layer concentrator in a power line carrier communication mode; the system is high in compatibility, accurately adapts to access of various electric heating devices such as a carbon crystal plate, a heating film, a heating cable, a household three-phase resistance type electric boiler and an air source heat pump through the RS-485 wired communication interface and the LoRa wireless communication unit, adapts to different interface protocols through the heterogeneous protocol conversion module, and is high in practicability. The problems that distributed electric heating equipment is different in standard and difficult to adapt are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of power load regulation technology, and in particular to a distributed electric heating multi-mode collaborative flexible access terminal device with heterogeneous communication integration. Background Technology

[0002] With the large-scale promotion of electric heating, the number of decentralized electric heating users is growing rapidly, especially in rural areas. After a large number of electric heating devices are connected to public transformer substations, they exhibit a load characteristic of concentrated heavy load during the evening peak in winter and light load during other times. This leads to prominent overload problems of transformer substations, seriously affecting the safe and stable operation of the power grid. Therefore, it is necessary to unify the control of electric heating devices. However, the existing control schemes still have the following shortcomings:

[0003] 1. Electric heating equipment comes in a variety of brands and models, with inconsistent interface protocols, resulting in poor system compatibility. Some equipment lacks control function modules, making it difficult to collect operating data and impossible to achieve remote control. In particular, the compatibility with distributed low-power equipment such as carbon crystal panels, heating films, and heating cables is insufficient.

[0004] 2. Existing control solutions employ fragmented technical approaches, involving multiple disciplines such as dispatching, distribution networks, and marketing, with inconsistent standards, making operation and maintenance coordination difficult and hindering unified resource management;

[0005] 3. The control link is long and the response delay is high, making it difficult to meet the power grid's requirements for precise load control at the second to minute level;

[0006] 4. The control strategy lacks flexibility, focuses too much on reducing grid load, ignores users' heating comfort, and lacks an effective safety guarantee mechanism, resulting in users' weak willingness to participate in the control.

[0007] Therefore, this invention proposes a distributed electric heating multi-mode collaborative flexible access terminal device with heterogeneous communication fusion to solve the problems existing in the prior art. Summary of the Invention

[0008] To address the aforementioned issues, this invention proposes a heterogeneous communication-integrated distributed electric heating multi-mode collaborative flexible access terminal device. This device boasts strong compatibility, accurately adapting to various electric heating devices such as carbon crystal panels, heating films, heating cables, household three-phase resistance electric boilers, and air source heat pumps through an RS-485 wired communication interface and a LoRa wireless communication unit. Furthermore, a heterogeneous protocol conversion module adapts to different interface protocols, resolving the problems of inconsistent standards and difficult adaptation for distributed electric heating devices.

[0009] To achieve the objectives of this invention, the invention is implemented through the following technical solution: a distributed electric heating multi-mode collaborative flexible access terminal device with heterogeneous communication fusion, comprising a communication module, a control module, a security module, a power supply module, a heterogeneous protocol conversion module, and a flexible regulation and balancing module;

[0010] The communication module is equipped with an RS-485 wired communication interface and a LoRa wireless communication unit. The communication module also integrates a hardware-level protocol parsing engine and a heterogeneous protocol conversion module. The communication module establishes an uplink communication link with the upper-layer concentrator through power line carrier communication and establishes a downlink communication link with one or more electric heating equipment controllers through the RS-485 wired communication interface or the LoRa wireless communication unit.

[0011] The control module has a built-in multi-type device adaptation strategy library and a flexible control and balance module. The control module calls the flexible control and balance module to perform calculations based on the device operation data and environmental data collected by the communication module through the downlink communication link, and generates differentiated control instructions for different electric heating devices.

[0012] The security module integrates a data encryption engine, a permission hierarchical management unit, a bottom-line protection unit, and an emergency recovery logic unit. The data encryption engine is used to encrypt, decrypt, and verify the integrity of data transmitted on the uplink and downlink communication links. The permission hierarchical management unit manages the access and operation permissions of different operation roles. The bottom-line protection unit has a preset minimum heating temperature threshold (not lower than 16℃). When the calculation result of the flexible control and balance module or the received external instructions may cause the user's heating temperature to fall below this threshold, the protection logic is automatically triggered, the execution is refused, and an alarm is generated. The emergency recovery logic unit performs predefined emergency protection and recovery operations when it detects control conflicts, equipment failures, or communication anomalies.

[0013] The power module adopts a wide voltage input design to provide isolated and stable operating power for the communication module, control module and safety module.

[0014] Further improvements include: the RS-485 wired communication interface adopts an opto-isolation design; the LoRa wireless communication unit supports the 470MHz to 510MHz frequency band; both the uplink and downlink communication links have a quality of service guarantee mechanism; and the communication rate can be adaptively adjusted within the range of 9600bps to 115200bps.

[0015] Further improvements are made in that the heterogeneous protocol conversion module adopts a layered architecture that includes a protocol parsing layer, a data encapsulation layer, and an adaptation interface layer. The heterogeneous protocol conversion module supports online updates and bidirectional conversion of mainstream industrial communication protocols such as Modbus RTU, DL / T698.45, and M-Bus.

[0016] Further improvements are made in that: the protocol parsing layer has a built-in general protocol parsing engine based on a state machine and maintains an online-updable protocol description file library. The protocol description file library defines the frame header, address field, function code, data field structure, check method and encoding format of different manufacturers and different versions of the protocol in a structured form, so that the parsing engine can automatically identify and parse messages with mixed ASCII and HEX encoding formats.

[0017] A further improvement is that the data encapsulation layer is used to re-encapsulate the parsed standardized data or standardized instructions to be issued into a message conforming to the protocol specification, according to the target protocol description file in the protocol description file library.

[0018] A further improvement is that the adapter interface layer provides a unified device data read / write interface for upper-layer applications through virtual communication pipe technology, shielding the differences between the specific communication protocols and physical interfaces of the lower layer.

[0019] The further improvement lies in the fact that the data encryption engine uses the national standard SM1 symmetric encryption algorithm to encrypt the transmitted business data and uses the SM3 hash algorithm to verify data integrity.

[0020] Further improvements include: the multi-type device adaptation strategy library contains the following three differentiated control modes:

[0021] Mode 1: For resistance heating devices such as carbon crystal plates, heating films, or heating cables, the control command is a power level switching command, supporting the adjustment of 3 to 32 discrete power levels, with a single-level adjustment accuracy of 3% to 5% of the rated power;

[0022] Mode 2: For household three-phase resistance electric boilers, the control command is a stepped power setting command, which realizes discrete control of output power through multiple preset power percentage levels;

[0023] Mode 3: For air source heat pumps, the control commands are a continuous adjustment command set, including compressor frequency adjustment commands (adjustment range from 20Hz to 120Hz), circulating water pump speed adjustment commands (adjustment range from 500rpm to 3000rpm), and outlet water temperature setting curve modification commands (allowing gradient or curve adjustments within the range of 16℃ to 60℃).

[0024] A further improvement is that the calculation steps of the flexible control balance module include:

[0025] Step 1: Data sensing and input, real-time acquisition of grid-side load control target values, operating status and adjustable capacity of each electric heating device, and user-side indoor ambient temperature and set temperature;

[0026] Step 2: Load forecasting. Integrate a short-term load forecasting model based on LSTM neural network to predict the trend of local total heating load changes in the next 15-30 minutes.

[0027] Step 3: Multi-objective optimization solution. Establish an optimization function with "minimizing grid load regulation deviation" and "minimizing the impact on user comfort" as the core objectives, and use the NSGA-II multi-objective genetic algorithm to solve it, generating a set of Pareto optimal control schemes.

[0028] Step 4: Strategy decision and output. Based on the preset preference weights, select the final execution scheme from the set of optimal control schemes and decompose it into control parameters for each specific electric heating device.

[0029] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: This invention boasts strong compatibility, accurately adapting to various electric heating devices such as carbon crystal panels, heating films, heating cables, household three-phase resistance electric boilers, and air source heat pumps via RS-485 wired communication interface and LoRa wireless communication unit. Through a heterogeneous protocol conversion module, it adapts to different interface protocols, solving the problems of inconsistent standards and difficult adaptation for distributed electric heating devices. Simultaneously, through a hardware-level protocol parsing engine, it achieves low-latency, high-throughput data processing and short control links, enabling rapid response and meeting the grid's precise control needs at the second to minute level. This effectively alleviates the heavy overload pressure on the distribution area during the winter evening peak. Furthermore, this device dynamically coordinates grid load control needs with user heating comfort through a flexible control and balancing module, avoiding excessive control that affects the heating experience and increasing user willingness to participate in load control. Moreover, through data encryption, hierarchical access control, and emergency recovery, it balances grid operation safety with user heating comfort, further enhancing user willingness to participate in control. Attached Figure Description

[0030] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the module architecture of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0031] To enhance understanding of the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to embodiments. These embodiments are only used to explain the present invention and do not constitute a limitation on the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0032] according to Figure 1As shown, this embodiment proposes a distributed electric heating multi-mode collaborative flexible access terminal device with heterogeneous communication fusion, including a communication module, a control module, a security module, a power supply module, a heterogeneous protocol conversion module, and a flexible regulation and balancing module;

[0033] The communication module is equipped with an RS-485 wired communication interface and a LoRa wireless communication unit. The communication module also integrates a hardware-level protocol parsing engine and a heterogeneous protocol conversion module. The communication module establishes an uplink communication link with the upper-layer concentrator through power line carrier communication and establishes a downlink communication link with one or more electric heating equipment controllers through the RS-485 wired communication interface or the LoRa wireless communication unit.

[0034] The control module has a built-in multi-type device adaptation strategy library and a flexible control and balance module. The control module calls the flexible control and balance module to perform calculations based on the device operation data and environmental data collected by the communication module through the downlink communication link, and generates differentiated control instructions for different electric heating devices.

[0035] The security module integrates a data encryption engine, a permission hierarchical management unit, a bottom-line protection unit, and an emergency recovery logic unit. The data encryption engine is used to encrypt, decrypt, and verify the integrity of data transmitted on the uplink and downlink communication links. The permission hierarchical management unit manages the access and operation permissions of different operation roles. The bottom-line protection unit has a preset minimum heating temperature threshold (not lower than 16℃). When the calculation result of the flexible control and balance module or the received external instructions may cause the user's heating temperature to fall below this threshold, the protection logic is automatically triggered, the execution is refused, and an alarm is generated. The emergency recovery logic unit performs predefined emergency protection and recovery operations when it detects control conflicts, equipment failures, or communication anomalies.

[0036] The power module adopts a wide voltage input design to provide isolated and stable operating power for the communication module, control module and safety module.

[0037] The RS-485 wired communication interface adopts an opto-isolation design, the LoRa wireless communication unit supports the 470MHz to 510MHz frequency band, and both the uplink and downlink communication links have a quality of service guarantee mechanism, supporting adaptive adjustment of the communication rate within the range of 9600bps to 115200bps.

[0038] The heterogeneous protocol conversion module adopts a layered architecture including a protocol parsing layer, a data encapsulation layer, and an adaptation interface layer. The heterogeneous protocol conversion module supports online updates and bidirectional conversion of mainstream industrial communication protocols such as Modbus RTU, DL / T698.45, and M-Bus.

[0039] The protocol parsing layer has a built-in general protocol parsing engine based on a state machine and maintains an online-updable protocol description file library. The protocol description file library defines the frame header, address field, function code, data field structure, check method and encoding format of different manufacturers and different versions of the protocol in a structured form, so that the parsing engine can automatically identify and parse messages with mixed ASCII and HEX encoding formats.

[0040] The data encapsulation layer is used to re-encapsulate the parsed standardized data or standardized instructions to be issued into messages that conform to the protocol specification, according to the target protocol description file in the protocol description file library.

[0041] The adapter interface layer provides a unified device data read / write interface for upper-layer applications through virtual communication pipe technology, shielding the differences between the specific communication protocols and physical interfaces of the lower layer.

[0042] The data encryption engine uses the national standard SM1 symmetric encryption algorithm to encrypt the transmitted business data and the SM3 hash algorithm to verify data integrity.

[0043] The multi-type device adaptation strategy library includes the following three differentiated control modes:

[0044] Mode 1: For resistance heating devices such as carbon crystal plates, heating films, or heating cables, the control command is a power level switching command, supporting the adjustment of 3 to 32 discrete power levels, with a single-level adjustment accuracy of 3% to 5% of the rated power;

[0045] Mode 2: For household three-phase resistance electric boilers, the control command is a stepped power setting command, which realizes discrete control of output power through multiple preset power percentage levels;

[0046] Mode 3: For air source heat pumps, the control commands are a continuous adjustment command set, including compressor frequency adjustment commands (adjustment range from 20Hz to 120Hz), circulating water pump speed adjustment commands (adjustment range from 500rpm to 3000rpm), and outlet water temperature setting curve modification commands (allowing gradient or curve adjustments within the range of 16℃ to 60℃).

[0047] The calculation steps of the flexible control balance module include:

[0048] Step 1: Data sensing and input, real-time acquisition of grid-side load control target values, operating status and adjustable capacity of each electric heating device, and user-side indoor ambient temperature and set temperature;

[0049] Step 2: Load forecasting. Integrate a short-term load forecasting model based on LSTM neural network to predict the trend of local total heating load changes in the next 15-30 minutes.

[0050] Step 3: Multi-objective optimization solution. Establish an optimization function with "minimizing grid load regulation deviation" and "minimizing the impact on user comfort" as the core objectives, and use the NSGA-II multi-objective genetic algorithm to solve it, generating a set of Pareto optimal control schemes.

[0051] Step 4: Strategy decision and output. Based on the preset preference weights, select the final execution scheme from the set of optimal control schemes and decompose it into control parameters for each specific electric heating device.

[0052] This heterogeneous communication-integrated distributed electric heating multi-mode collaborative flexible access terminal device establishes communication with the concentrator to receive control commands and upload operational data. For the control of equipment such as carbon crystal panels, heating films, heating cables, and household three-phase resistance electric heating boilers in rural areas, this device connects to the equipment controller via a LoRa wireless communication unit or an RS-485 wired communication interface. The power and temperature operating parameters of the carbon crystal panels, heating films, and heating cables are collected by the equipment controller and reported via the RS-485 wired communication interface or the LoRa wireless communication unit. The heterogeneous protocol conversion module then performs protocol adaptation and conversion. For distributed air source heat pumps, this device connects to the heat pump wired controller via a LoRa wireless communication unit. The heat pump wired controller then collects data and reports it via the LoRa wireless communication unit, and the heterogeneous protocol conversion module performs protocol adaptation and conversion again. This eliminates the need for wiring and is suitable for distributed installation scenarios. For household three-phase resistance electric boilers in concentrated residential areas, the device connects to the boiler controller via an RS-485 wired communication interface. The boiler controller then collects data and reports it via the RS-485 wired communication interface, and the heterogeneous protocol conversion module performs protocol adaptation and conversion again. Protocol adaptation and conversion are performed. The information converted by the heterogeneous protocol conversion module is uploaded to the concentrator via the communication module, and then uploaded to the master station. The master station, based on the load status of the transformer in the distribution area, determines whether load regulation is needed. When the distribution area is overloaded, the master station sends a load reduction command to the concentrator, which then forwards it to this device, specifying the regulation method (level adjustment, power adjustment, temperature adjustment) and the target load regulation value. This device parses the command through the heterogeneous protocol conversion module and matches the corresponding equipment regulation mode. At the same time, it performs load forecasting through the flexible regulation and balancing module, and then, based on the "electricity"... The underlying logic of "minimizing network load regulation deviation" and "minimizing the impact on user comfort" generates the optimal control scheme, and converts the control scheme instructions into execution signals to control the equipment to adjust its operating status. For example, the carbon crystal plate performs a three-level power reduction, the household three-phase resistance electric boiler performs a 20% power reduction, and the air source heat pump adjusts the outlet water temperature setting curve. Then, the device feeds back the instruction execution results to the concentrator, which then reports to the main station to monitor the load changes in the distribution area in real time. When the load returns to normal, a load recovery instruction is issued, and the device controls the equipment to gradually restore it to its original operating state.

[0053] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely illustrative of the principles of the invention. Various changes and modifications can be made to the invention without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the present invention as claimed. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A distributed electric heating multi-mode collaborative flexible access terminal device with heterogeneous communication fusion, characterized in that: It includes a communication module, a control module, a security module, a power supply module, a heterogeneous protocol conversion module, and a flexible regulation and balancing module; The communication module is equipped with an RS-485 wired communication interface and a LoRa wireless communication unit. The communication module also integrates a hardware-level protocol parsing engine and a heterogeneous protocol conversion module. The communication module establishes an uplink communication link with the upper-layer concentrator through power line carrier communication and establishes a downlink communication link with one or more electric heating equipment controllers through the RS-485 wired communication interface or the LoRa wireless communication unit. The control module has a built-in multi-type device adaptation strategy library and a flexible control and balance module. The control module calls the flexible control and balance module to perform calculations based on the device operation data and environmental data collected by the communication module through the downlink communication link, and generates differentiated control instructions for different electric heating devices. The security module integrates a data encryption engine, a permission hierarchical management unit, a bottom-line protection unit, and an emergency recovery logic unit. The data encryption engine is used to encrypt, decrypt, and verify the integrity of data transmitted on the uplink and downlink communication links. The permission hierarchical management unit manages the access and operation permissions of different operation roles. The bottom-line protection unit has a preset minimum heating temperature threshold (not lower than 16℃). When the calculation result of the flexible control and balance module or the received external instructions may cause the user's heating temperature to fall below this threshold, the protection logic is automatically triggered, the execution is refused, and an alarm is generated. The emergency recovery logic unit performs predefined emergency protection and recovery operations when it detects control conflicts, equipment failures, or communication anomalies. The power module adopts a wide voltage input design to provide isolated and stable operating power for the communication module, control module and safety module.

2. The heterogeneous communication fusion distributed electric heating multi-mode collaborative flexible access terminal device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The RS-485 wired communication interface adopts an opto-isolation design, the LoRa wireless communication unit supports the 470MHz to 510MHz frequency band, and both the uplink and downlink communication links have a quality of service guarantee mechanism, supporting adaptive adjustment of the communication rate within the range of 9600bps to 115200bps.

3. The heterogeneous communication fusion distributed electric heating multi-mode collaborative flexible access terminal device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heterogeneous protocol conversion module adopts a layered architecture including a protocol parsing layer, a data encapsulation layer, and an adaptation interface layer. The heterogeneous protocol conversion module supports online updates and bidirectional conversion of mainstream industrial communication protocols such as Modbus RTU, DL / T698.45, and M-Bus.

4. The heterogeneous communication fusion distributed electric heating multi-mode collaborative flexible access terminal device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The protocol parsing layer has a built-in general protocol parsing engine based on a state machine and maintains an online-updable protocol description file library. The protocol description file library defines the frame header, address field, function code, data field structure, check method and encoding format of different manufacturers and different versions of the protocol in a structured form, so that the parsing engine can automatically identify and parse messages with mixed ASCII and HEX encoding formats.

5. The heterogeneous communication fusion distributed electric heating multi-mode collaborative flexible access terminal device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The data encapsulation layer is used to re-encapsulate the parsed standardized data or standardized instructions to be issued into messages that conform to the protocol specification, according to the target protocol description file in the protocol description file library.

6. The heterogeneous communication fusion distributed electric heating multi-mode collaborative flexible access terminal device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The adapter interface layer provides a unified device data read / write interface for upper-layer applications through virtual communication pipe technology, shielding the differences between the specific communication protocols and physical interfaces of the lower layer.

7. The heterogeneous communication fusion distributed electric heating multi-mode collaborative flexible access terminal device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The data encryption engine uses the national standard SM1 symmetric encryption algorithm to encrypt the transmitted business data and the SM3 hash algorithm to verify data integrity.

8. The heterogeneous communication fusion distributed electric heating multi-mode collaborative flexible access terminal device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The multi-type device adaptation strategy library includes the following three differentiated control modes: Mode 1: For resistance heating devices such as carbon crystal plates, heating films, or heating cables, the control command is a power level switching command, supporting the adjustment of 3 to 32 discrete power levels, with a single-level adjustment accuracy of 3% to 5% of the rated power; Mode 2: For household three-phase resistance electric boilers, the control command is a stepped power setting command, which realizes discrete control of output power through multiple preset power percentage levels; Mode 3: For air source heat pumps, the control commands are a continuous adjustment command set, including compressor frequency adjustment commands (adjustment range from 20Hz to 120Hz), circulating water pump speed adjustment commands (adjustment range from 500rpm to 3000rpm), and outlet water temperature setting curve modification commands (allowing gradient or curve adjustments within the range of 16℃ to 60℃).

9. The heterogeneous communication fusion distributed electric heating multi-mode collaborative flexible access terminal device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The calculation steps of the flexible control balance module include: Step 1: Data sensing and input, real-time acquisition of grid-side load control target values, operating status and adjustable capacity of each electric heating device, and user-side indoor ambient temperature and set temperature; Step 2: Load forecasting. Integrate a short-term load forecasting model based on LSTM neural network to predict the trend of local total heating load changes in the next 15-30 minutes. Step 3: Multi-objective optimization solution. Establish an optimization function with "minimizing grid load regulation deviation" and "minimizing the impact on user comfort" as the core objectives, and use the NSGA-II multi-objective genetic algorithm to solve it, generating a set of Pareto optimal control schemes. Step 4: Strategy decision and output. Based on the preset preference weights, select the final execution scheme from the set of optimal control schemes and decompose it into control parameters for each specific electric heating device.

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