Solid-state buried amorphous alloy transformer

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of power transformers, and discloses a solid-state buried amorphous alloy transformer which comprises a pit, a box body and a water collecting box and further comprises a transformer body arranged in the box body, a bottom of the transformer body is provided with a flow guide air inlet part, an air inlet pipe penetrates through the water collecting box and the box body and is communicated with the flow guide air inlet part, a buffer mechanism is arranged between the transformer body and the box body, the rigidity of the buffer mechanism increases when the temperature of the transformer body rises, a Venturi tube is communicated with the buffer mechanism and is used for converting vibration energy of the buffer mechanism into airflow power, a precooling assembly is arranged between the water collecting box and the air inlet pipe, is driven by the Venturi tube and is used for intermittently cooling air in the air inlet pipe; the application can adaptively adjust the supporting rigidity and the heat dissipation effect of the transformer according to the working state of the transformer, simultaneously solves the drainage problem of the transformer and improves the safety of the transformer operation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of power transformer technology, specifically to a solid-state buried amorphous alloy transformer. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of urban power grid construction, the installation method of distribution transformers is gradually shifting from traditional ground installation to underground concealed installation. Underground transformers have been widely used in urban power grid renovation, landscape power distribution projects and other fields due to their advantages such as not occupying ground space, low noise, and good aesthetics.

[0003] Amorphous alloy transformers use amorphous alloy materials as their cores. Compared with traditional silicon steel transformers, they have technical advantages such as low no-load loss and significant energy-saving effects. Combining amorphous alloy transformers with underground installation methods can further improve the overall performance of power distribution equipment.

[0004] Current underground transformers are installed in pits, where the heat dissipation environment is poor. Existing forced ventilation is insufficient to meet the heat dissipation requirements during high-temperature seasons or under high-load conditions, and rainwater easily accumulates at the bottom of the pit. In addition, the existing transformer buffer support structure is mostly a fixed stiffness structure, which is difficult to adaptively adjust the support stiffness according to the transformer's operating status, and cannot provide sufficient stability, resulting in increased vibration or excessive support force, causing transformer deformation. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention provides a solid-state buried amorphous alloy transformer that uses a buffer mechanism and a venturi tube to adaptively adjust the support stiffness according to the transformer's operating state. This provides stable support for the transformer while preventing deformation. In addition, the pre-cooling component, combined with the transformer's operating state, can improve the transformer's heat dissipation and enhance the moisture-proof and fire-proof performance of the enclosure. This solves the problems of poor heat dissipation and inadequate support and buffering mentioned in the background art.

[0006] This invention provides the following technical solution:

[0007] A solid-state buried amorphous alloy transformer includes a pit, a housing, and a water collection box. It further includes: a transformer body disposed inside the housing, with a flow-guiding air inlet component at the bottom of the transformer body; an air inlet pipe passing through the water collection box and the housing and communicating with the flow-guiding air inlet component; a buffer mechanism disposed between the transformer body and the housing, the stiffness of which increases when the transformer body temperature rises; a Venturi tube communicating with the buffer mechanism for converting the vibration energy of the buffer mechanism into airflow power; a pre-cooling component disposed between the water collection box and the air inlet pipe, driven by the Venturi tube, for intermittently cooling the air inside the air inlet pipe; and flow-guiding components disposed on both sides of the transformer body, driven by the Venturi tube, for intermittently oscillating airflow into the housing.

[0008] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the buffer mechanism includes a bracket, which is installed on the outer wall of the transformer body. A groove is provided on the side of the bracket near the tank, and a sealing plate is slidably connected in the groove. An energy storage agent is provided between the sealing plate and the groove, and a damping piston assembly is provided between the sealing plate and the tank.

[0009] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the energy storage agent is a phase change material and the support is a thermally conductive material. When the temperature of the transformer body rises, the heat is transferred from the support to the energy storage agent. The energy storage agent absorbs heat and gradually changes from a solid state to a liquid state, and its volume increases.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the damping piston assembly includes an outer cylinder, a piston rod, and a piston ring. The outer cylinder is installed on the inner wall of the housing, and a head is installed inside the outer cylinder. The piston rod is slidably connected to the head. The piston ring is installed on the piston rod and is slidably connected to the outer cylinder. One end of the piston rod is connected to the sealing plate, and a limit plate is installed at the other end of the piston rod.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a main gas chamber and a buffer gas chamber are formed on both sides of the piston ring, and a balance gas chamber is formed on the side of the end cap away from the piston ring. A throttling orifice is provided on the piston ring, and the main gas chamber and the buffer gas chamber are connected through the throttling orifice.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the venturi tube includes a constriction section, a throat, and a diffuser section, wherein the constriction section is connected to the main air chamber and the diffuser section is connected to the balance air chamber.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the precooling component includes a spiral tube, which is wound around the outside of the air inlet pipe, and a drain hole is provided at the bottom of the water collection box, with the spiral tube communicating with the drain hole.

[0014] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the bottom of the water collection box is provided with a communicating groove that communicates with the throat. A sealing slider is slidably connected in the communicating groove. A spring is installed between the sealing slider and the groove. A through hole is provided on the sealing slider. When the venturi tube is working, the sealing slider moves to make the through hole coincide with the drain hole, and the water in the water collection box flows into the spiral tube.

[0015] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the flow guiding component includes a pneumatic control component and a flow guiding plate. The pneumatic control component is installed at the bottom of the housing, and the flow guiding plate is rotatably connected to the output end of the pneumatic control component. An overflow hole corresponding to the flow guiding plate is provided on the flow guiding air inlet component, and the pneumatic control component is connected to the throat of another venturi tube.

[0016] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it further includes a liquid level detector and a return pipe. The liquid level detector is installed on the inner wall of the water collection box, and the return pipe is connected to the bottom of the water collection box. The return pipe is equipped with a solenoid valve that is electrically connected to the liquid level detector.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a solid-state buried amorphous alloy transformer, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0018] 1. In this solid-state buried amorphous alloy transformer, the support stiffness can be adaptively adjusted according to the transformer's operating status through the buffer mechanism and Venturi tube. When the transformer temperature rises and the load increases, the support stiffness is automatically increased to provide sufficient stability. When the transformer temperature drops and the load decreases, the support stiffness is automatically reduced to prevent the transformer from deforming due to long-term high pressure.

[0019] 2. In this solid-state buried amorphous alloy transformer, rainwater can be recycled and reused through pre-cooling components and Venturi tubes. This not only prevents the transformer from being in a humid environment for a long time, but also isolates fire sources from the transformer, improving the safety of transformer operation. At the same time, it can make full use of the cooling value of accumulated water resources, further improving the heat dissipation effect of the transformer.

[0020] The parts of this device not covered herein are the same as or can be implemented using existing technologies. This invention can adaptively adjust the support stiffness and heat dissipation effect of the transformer according to its working state, while solving the drainage problem of the transformer and improving the safety of transformer operation. Attached Figure Description

[0021] To more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. In all the drawings, the elements or parts are not necessarily drawn to actual scale.

[0022] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 For the present invention Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of part A;

[0025] Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the water collection box in this invention;

[0026] Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the internal structure of the box in this invention;

[0027] Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the transformer body in this invention;

[0028] Figure 7 This is a three-dimensional cross-sectional view of the bracket in this invention;

[0029] Figure 8 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the damping piston assembly in this invention.

[0030] Figure 9 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the pneumatic control components and the guide vane in this invention.

[0031] In the diagram: 1. Pit; 2. Box; 3. Water collection box; 4. Municipal drainage pipe; 5. Transformer body; 6. Air inlet guide; 7. Exhaust outlet; 8. Air inlet pipe; 9. Exhaust pipe; 10. Overflow hole; 11. Spiral pipe; 12. Drain hole; 13. Connecting groove; 14. Spring; 15. Sealing slider; 16. Through hole; 17. Bracket; 18. Groove; 19. Energy storage agent; 20. Sealing plate; 21. Damping piston assembly; 211. Outer cylinder; 212. End cap; 213. Piston ring; 214. Piston rod; 215. Throttling orifice; 216. Limiting plate; 217. Main air chamber; 218. Buffer air chamber; 219. Balance air chamber;

[0032] 22. Venturi tube; 23. Pneumatic control components; 24. Baffle plate; 25. Return pipe; 26. Liquid level detector; 27. Filter plate. Detailed Implementation

[0033] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0034] Reference Figures 1-9 A solid-state buried amorphous alloy transformer includes a pit 1, a housing 2, and a water collection box 3. The water collection box 3 is rectangular and ring-shaped. The outer wall of the water collection box 3 is attached to the inner wall of the pit 1, and the inner side wall of the water collection box 3 is attached to the outer wall of the housing 2. A filter plate 27 is installed on the top of the water collection box 3 to collect and isolate rainwater, and at the same time intercept impurities in the water flow.

[0035] Pit 1 is an underground excavated space that provides an installation location for enclosure 2 and frees up surface space. Enclosure 2 is the direct load-bearing structure for transformer body 5, isolating transformer body 5 from the external environment and playing a dual role of mechanical protection and environmental isolation. Water collection box 3 is arranged around pit 1 and enclosure 2 to form a ring-shaped water collection space, realizing the three-dimensional utilization of underground space: the outer pit 1 provides structural support, the middle water collection box 3 realizes water management function, and the inner enclosure 2 ensures equipment safety, working together to form a complete underground power distribution system.

[0036] The rectangular ring design allows the water collection box 3 to be arranged 360 degrees around the box 2, maximizing the water collection area while maintaining structural compactness. The close fit between the outer wall and the inner wall of the pit 1 ensures that rainwater can be effectively intercepted and collected when it flows down the wall of the pit 1, preventing water from directly contacting the box 2. It eliminates dead corners for water accumulation. At the same time, it utilizes the high specific heat capacity of water to form a temperature buffer zone around the box 2, reducing the impact of ambient temperature fluctuations on the transformer inside the box 2. It can also isolate fire sources. The filter plate 27 physically isolates the internal space of the water collection box 3 from the upper space, preventing debris from falling in, small animals from entering, or evaporation loss. It can trap impurities such as mud, leaves, and particles, preventing blockage of the subsequent pipeline system and ensuring that the water entering the water collection box 3 is relatively clean.

[0037] Reference Figure 6 The transformer body 5 is located inside the housing 2. The bottom of the transformer body 5 is provided with a flow guide air inlet 6. It also includes an exhaust port 7 and an exhaust pipe 9. The exhaust port 7 is located at the top of the transformer body 5. Cooling air enters the transformer body 5 through the flow guide air inlet 6 to cool the internal structure, and then is discharged through the exhaust port 7 at the top. The exhaust pipe 9 is connected to the top of the housing 2. The air inlet pipe 8 and the exhaust pipe 9 are connected to the external air intake and exhaust system. The air inlet pipe 8 is located between the pit 1 and the housing 2 and passes through the water collection box 3. One end of the air inlet pipe 8 is connected to the flow guide air inlet 6.

[0038] The transformer body 5 is housed within the enclosed space formed by the enclosure 2. It needs to withstand long-term erosion from humid underground air, bear external loads from soil pressure, and adapt to the heat dissipation conditions within the limited space. The installation method inside the enclosure 2 provides a stable mechanical support reference surface for the transformer, while simultaneously creating a relatively controllable internal microenvironment, facilitating targeted thermal management and vibration control. The specific structure of the transformer body 5 can be found in existing technical solutions, which are well-known to those skilled in the art and will not be elaborated upon here. For example, the transformer body 5 also includes an iron core, windings, leads, insulation, and a clamping structure for the transformer body. The heat dissipation structure, tap changer, etc., and the air inlet guide 6 are responsible for airflow distribution. The bottom air inlet follows the principle of hot air rising naturally. After entering from the bottom, the cold air absorbs the heat of the transformer body 5. After the temperature rises, the density decreases and it flows upward, forming a natural chimney effect. The structural design of the air inlet guide 6 enables the incoming cooling air to be evenly distributed to each heat-generating area at the bottom of the transformer body 5, avoiding local overheating. As the airflow inlet node, the air inlet guide 6 is also the transition interface connecting the external air inlet pipe 8 and the internal cooling channel. Its structural shape directly affects the air intake resistance, flow distribution and noise characteristics.

[0039] The exhaust vent 7 and the bottom air inlet form a complete vertical ventilation path, making full use of the buoyancy of hot air. Even in the event of fan failure or power outage, it can still maintain a certain natural convection heat dissipation capacity. As a safety-oriented redundant design, the exhaust vent 7 acts as a hot air collection device, gathering the air heated by the heat-generating components inside the transformer body 5 and guiding it to the exhaust duct 9. The air intake and exhaust system is an external supporting facility, which usually includes a fan, air valve, filter device and silencer device, etc., responsible for providing cooling power, regulating air volume, purifying air and controlling noise. The separate installation of the air intake duct 8 and the exhaust duct 9 realizes the directional organization of airflow. The air intake duct 8 delivers ambient air or pre-treated air to the bottom of the housing 2, and the exhaust duct 9 exhausts the heated air to the ground or a specific treatment device, forming an open or closed cooling cycle.

[0040] Reference Figures 5-7 A buffer mechanism is symmetrically arranged between the transformer body 5 and the housing 2. When the heat generated by the transformer body 5 increases, the initial stiffness of the buffer mechanism increases. The buffer mechanism includes a bracket 17, which is installed on the outer wall of the transformer body 5. A groove 18 is provided on the side of the bracket 17 near the housing 2. A sealing plate 20 is slidably connected inside the groove 18. An energy storage agent 19 is provided between the groove 18 and the sealing plate 20. A damping piston assembly 21 is provided between the sealing plate 20 and the inner wall of the housing 2. The energy storage agent 19 is a phase change material. The bracket 17 is C-shaped, and one side of the bracket 17 is in contact with the transformer body 5. The bracket 17 is a thermally conductive material. When the temperature of the transformer body 5 rises, the energy storage agent 19 absorbs heat and expands.

[0041] The transformer body 5 typically has a regular geometric shape and mass distribution. Buffer mechanisms are symmetrically installed on two or more sides, ensuring uniform distribution of support reaction forces, avoiding additional torque and tilting caused by eccentric loading, and maintaining consistent operating states for each buffer mechanism, facilitating synchronous adjustment and balanced control. The groove 18 provides space for functional components. The sealing plate 20 serves as a movable boundary within the groove 18, capable of free axial movement while maintaining a seal with the groove 18 wall to prevent internal medium leakage. Phase change materials (PCMs) are substances capable of undergoing solid-liquid or solid-solid phase transitions within a specific temperature range. During the phase transition, the material absorbs or releases a large amount of latent heat while maintaining a relatively constant temperature, accompanied by a significant volume change. PCMs are chosen as the energy storage agent 19 because of their large latent heat of phase change, controllable phase transition temperature, and reversible volume change. The conversion from temperature signal to volume change and then to mechanical response is realized. The C-shaped cross section has high structural efficiency and bending stiffness. The opening side facing the box 2 facilitates the assembly and maintenance of internal components. The side that is in contact with the transformer body 5 forms a thermal contact interface. Heat is transferred from the transformer body 5 to the support 17 through thermal conduction, and then to the energy storage agent 19, triggering a phase change response. The temperature rise triggers the phase change process of the energy storage agent 19: after absorbing heat, the solid energy storage agent 19 turns into a liquid state, and the molecular arrangement changes from an ordered lattice structure to a disordered flow state, accompanied by significant volume expansion, which pushes the sealing plate 20 to move outward, compressing the damping piston assembly 21 and changing its operating point. Since the damping piston assembly 21 usually has nonlinear characteristics, the additional pre-compression caused by the displacement of the sealing plate 20 increases the overall stiffness of the system, realizing positive feedback coupling of temperature and stiffness.

[0042] Reference Figure 8 The damping piston assembly 21 includes an outer cylinder 211, which is installed on the inner wall of the housing 2. An end cap 212 is installed inside the outer cylinder 211. A piston rod 214 is slidably connected to the end cap 212 and the outer cylinder 211. A piston ring 213 is installed on the piston rod 214. The piston ring 213 is slidably connected to the outer cylinder 211. A throttling orifice 215 is opened on the piston ring 213. One end of the piston rod 214 is connected to the end cap 20. A limit plate 216 is installed on the end of the piston rod 214 away from the end cap 20. A main air chamber 217 is formed between the side of the piston ring 213 away from the end cap 212 and the outer cylinder 211. A buffer air chamber 218 is formed between the piston ring 213 and the end cap 212. A balance air chamber 219 is formed between the side of the end cap 212 away from the piston ring 213 and the outer cylinder 211.

[0043] The end cap 212 is a fixed partition inside the outer cylinder 211, dividing the inner cavity of the outer cylinder 211 into different functional areas. The installation position of the end cap 212 determines the volume ratio of each air chamber. Its structural design needs to meet multiple requirements of sealing, pressure bearing, and guidance. The piston rod 214 passes through the center of the end cap 212 to achieve reciprocating linear motion. The sliding connection needs to ensure coaxiality and surface quality to reduce frictional resistance and wear, while maintaining the sealed isolation between air chambers. The throttling orifice 215 is the source of damping characteristics. When there is a pressure difference on both sides of the piston ring 213, the gas flows through the throttling orifice 215, generating throttling losses. The size and number of throttling orifices 215 determine the magnitude of the damping coefficient: small orifice diameter and fewer orifices result in large damping, slow response but strong oscillation suppression capability; large orifice diameter and more orifices result in small damping, sensitive response but may lead to underdamped oscillations. The main air chamber 217 is the main working chamber, and its volume changes significantly with the position of the piston ring 213. The pressure change in the main air chamber 217 directly reflects the change in external load and is the main source of elastic restoring force. The buffer air chamber 218 has a smaller volume and is connected to the main air chamber 217 through the throttle orifice 215. During piston movement, the buffer air chamber 218 plays the role of pressure buffering and flow regulation: when the piston moves rapidly, the flow of gas through the throttle orifice 215 lags behind the volume change, and the pressure fluctuation in the buffer air chamber 218 smooths the impact on the main air chamber 217. The balance air chamber 219 is used to balance the pressure on both sides of the end cap 212, reducing the total pressure load on the end cap 212; it provides a reference pressure so that the working pressure of the main air chamber 217 can be adjusted relative to the ambient pressure or a specific benchmark. A pressure relief valve is usually installed between the main air chamber 217 and the balance air chamber 219. When the pressure reaches a certain value, that is, when the vibration generated by the transformer body 5 is large, the main air chamber 217 and the balance air chamber 219 are connected.

[0044] Reference Figure 6 Venturi tube 22 is located inside the housing 2 and is connected to the buffer mechanism to assist the buffer mechanism in providing elastic support to the transformer body 5. Venturi tube 22 includes a contraction section, a throat and a diffusion section. The contraction section is connected to the main air chamber 217 through a pipe, and the diffusion section is connected to the balance air chamber 219 through a pipe.

[0045] The Venturi tube 22 is a classic fluid mechanical component that operates based on the principle that fluid velocity increases and pressure decreases as it passes through the contraction section, responding to changes in its internal state. It connects with the damping piston assembly 21 to establish a coupling channel between mechanical vibration and fluid motion, allowing the vibrational energy of the transformer body 5 to be converted into kinetic energy. The contraction section accelerates the airflow, converting pressure energy into kinetic energy. At the throat, where the cross-section is smallest, the flow velocity reaches its maximum and the pressure drops to its minimum. The diffusion section decelerates and diffuses the airflow, recovering part of the kinetic energy as pressure energy, thus minimizing energy loss while generating significant pressure. When the transformer body 5 vibrates and the volume of the main air chamber 217 decreases to the threshold, the gas is forced into the venturi tube 22, flows through the contraction section, throat and diffuser section and is discharged or enters the balance air chamber 219. This causes the pressure in the balance air chamber 219 to fluctuate with the flow rate, which in turn affects the stress state of the end cap 212 and piston ring 213. This allows the pressure change generated by the venturi tube 22 to be fed back to the mechanical balance of the damping piston assembly 21, forming a closed-loop pneumatic-mechanical coupling system, creating an additional damping or stiffness effect, and improving the dynamic performance of the damping piston assembly 21.

[0046] Reference Figures 2-3 A precooling component is installed between the water collection box 3 and the air inlet pipe 8. When the buffer mechanism vibrates, the precooling component is driven by the venturi tube 22 to intermittently cool the air in the air inlet pipe 8 in a spiral shape. The precooling component includes a spiral tube 11, which is spirally wound around the outside of the air inlet pipe 8. A drain hole 12 is provided at the bottom of the water collection box 3. The spiral tube 11 is connected to the drain hole 12. A connecting groove 13 is provided at the bottom of the water collection box 3. The connecting groove 13 is connected to the throat through a pipe. A sealing slider 15 is slidably connected inside the connecting groove 13. A spring 14 is connected between the sealing slider 15 and the connecting groove 13. A through hole 16 is provided on the sealing slider 15. When the through hole 16 coincides with the drain hole 12, the water in the water collection box 3 flows into the spiral tube 11 through the drain hole 12 and the through hole 16.

[0047] The vibration of the damping piston assembly 21 is converted into pulsating airflow through the venturi tube 22, which is used to drive the operation of the precooling assembly. This allows the cooling water to contact the air inlet pipe 8 via a spiral path, increasing the heat exchange area and contact time. Intermittent cooling starts and stops periodically with the vibration rhythm. Pulsed cooling is more conducive to breaking the thermal boundary layer and enhancing heat exchange, while saving water resources. The spiral tube 11 serves as the water flow path, tightly wrapped around the outer wall of the air inlet pipe 8, forming a sleeve-type heat exchange structure. This significantly extends the water flow path within a limited space, increasing the contact area with the air inlet pipe 8. The curvature of the spiral causes the water flow to generate secondary flow, enhancing turbulence and improving the heat transfer coefficient. The arrangement of the parts facilitates manufacturing and maintenance. The connecting groove 13 is a partial recess or channel at the bottom of the water collection box 3, which connects to the throat of the venturi tube 22, establishing a transmission path from vibration signal to water flow control. The throat is the position with the lowest pressure in the venturi tube 22. When the airflow generated by vibration passes through the venturi tube 22, the negative pressure in the throat is transmitted to the connecting groove 13 through the pipe, forming a suction effect, thereby adjusting the position of the sealing slider 15 so that the through hole 16 coincides with the drain hole 12, and water enters the spiral tube 11. When there is no negative pressure signal, under the action of the spring 14, the sealing slider 15 returns to the initial position, the water flow is cut off, and pressure loss and water leakage are prevented.

[0048] Reference Figure 5 , Figure 6 and Figure 9 The airflow guiding components are distributed on both sides of the transformer body 5. Some cold air overflows to the airflow guiding components through the airflow guiding inlet 6 and is driven by the venturi tube 22 to oscillate intermittently along the transformer body 5. The airflow guiding components include pneumatic control components 23, which are symmetrically installed at the bottom of the housing 2. The output end of the pneumatic control components 23 is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the housing 2, and the output end of the pneumatic control components 23 is equipped with a guide plate 24. An overflow hole 10 is opened on the side of the airflow guiding inlet 6 near the guide plate 24. The pneumatic control components 23 are connected to the throat of another venturi tube 22.

[0049] The pneumatic control component 23 is an actuator for airflow-mechanical conversion, converting the air pressure signal from the venturi tube 22 into the mechanical movement of the guide plate 24 (the specific structure of the pneumatic control component 23 can be found in existing technical solutions, which are well known to those skilled in the art and will not be elaborated here; it is often referred to as a pneumatically controlled louver mechanism, which achieves synchronous rotation of the louvers through fluid pressure + signal amplification structure + linkage rod). An overflow hole 10 is installed at the bottom near the air inlet component 6 to shorten the airflow path and reduce pressure loss. The guide plate 24 is a functional element for airflow guidance; its geometry (such as airfoil, flat plate, curved plate, etc.) determines the airflow deflection. The angle and coverage of the guide plate 24 change the direction of the overflow air jet, realizing scanning cooling of different areas in the housing 2 to ensure the overall temperature stability of the environment where the transformer body 5 is located. The overflow hole 10 is the outlet for airflow diversion. Its opening position and hole size determine the diversion ratio. The arrangement close to the guide plate 24 ensures that the overflow air can directly enter the working area of ​​the guide component, reducing flow loss and mixing loss. The pneumatic control component 23 is connected to one of the venturi tubes 22 and is specifically used to drive the guide component, so that the two functions can be adjusted independently without interference, improving the flexibility and reliability of the system.

[0050] Reference Figures 1-2 It also includes a municipal drainage pipe 4, which is located below the pit 1. The bottom end of the spiral pipe 11 passes through the pit 1 and connects with the municipal drainage pipe 4.

[0051] The municipal drainage pipe 4 is the final destination for water discharge. Located below the pit 1, it conforms to the principle of gravity discharge and does not require additional lifting power. Connecting to the municipal pipe network ensures that the accumulated water can be discharged in a timely and reliable manner, preventing the water level in the pit 1 from rising and threatening the safety of the equipment. The spiral pipe 11 is a component of the pre-cooling assembly. After completing the cooling function, it discharges the water. The connection through the pit 1 needs to be properly sealed and protected to prevent soil particles from entering or water from leaking. The direct connection with the municipal drainage pipe 4 simplifies the system structure. The cooling water is discharged after one-time use, avoiding the water quality management and equipment complexity problems caused by circulating cooling.

[0052] Reference Figure 2 It also includes a liquid level detector 26, which is installed on the inner wall of the water collection box 3. The bottom of the water collection box 3 is connected to a return pipe 25, and the bottom end of the return pipe 25 is connected to the municipal drainage pipe 4. A solenoid valve is installed inside the return pipe 25, and the solenoid valve is electrically connected to the liquid level detector 26.

[0053] The level detector 26 is a monitoring element that senses the water level in the water collection box 3 in real time, accurately reflecting the actual water level and providing input signals to the control system. The level information is the key basis for drainage decisions: when the water level is too low, there is no need to drain, saving energy; when the water level is too high, timely warnings are given to prevent overflow. The return pipe 25 is an active drainage channel. The existence of the return pipe 25 makes the drainage function independent of the working state of the pre-cooling components. Even in dry and low-temperature seasons where cooling is not required, it can independently perform drainage tasks. The solenoid valve is an actuator that realizes the electrical control of the drainage path. Compared with mechanical valves, solenoid valves have a fast response, precise control, and are easy to automate. They are suitable for frequent adjustments based on the level signal. The electrical connection establishes a detection-control closed loop. The electrical signal output by the level detector 26 is transmitted to the controller (implied). The controller drives the solenoid valve to act according to the set logic: when the water level exceeds the upper threshold, drainage is opened; when it is below the lower threshold, drainage is closed, realizing automatic water level maintenance, reducing the need for manual inspection, improving response speed and reliability, and especially able to respond promptly to sudden increases in water volume under extreme weather conditions such as heavy rain.

[0054] In this invention, after construction is completed, the transformer body 5 operates normally. Forced ventilation of the internal environment is achieved through the external air inlet pipe 8. A portion of the cold air passes through the transformer body 5 and is discharged through the top exhaust port 7, while another portion of the cold air is discharged through the overflow hole 10 and the guide plate 24, achieving overall heat dissipation and cooling of the environment inside the housing 2. When the heat generated by the transformer body 5 is too high or the load is too large, its vibration amplitude increases. First, the energy storage agent 19 absorbs heat and expands, increasing the stiffness of the damping piston assembly 21. The resulting vibration is absorbed by the damping piston assembly 21. Additionally, through… The Venturi tube 22 enhances its buffering effect. Secondly, it drives the pre-cooling component, causing the water in the water collection box 3 to flow spirally along the air inlet pipe 8, achieving secondary cooling of the cold air and further improving the heat dissipation effect of the transformer body 5. The spring 14 can further enhance the buffering effect of the damping piston assembly 21. Furthermore, the negative pressure generated at the throat of the Venturi tube 22 drives the guide plate 24 to swing, thereby accelerating the synchronous cooling of the environment between the housing 2 and the transformer body 5, ensuring the stability of the working environment of the transformer body 5. After cooling the transformer body 5, the air is finally discharged through the exhaust pipe 9.

[0055] Components not described in detail in this article are existing technologies.

[0056] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A solid-state buried amorphous alloy transformer, comprising a pit (1), a housing (2), and a water collection box (3), characterized in that, Also includes: The transformer body (5) is located inside the housing (2), and the bottom of the transformer body (5) is provided with a flow guide air inlet (6). The air inlet pipe (8) passes through the water collection box (3) and the box body (2) and is connected to the air guide inlet component (6); A buffer mechanism is provided between the transformer body (5) and the housing (2). When the temperature of the transformer body (5) rises, the stiffness of the buffer mechanism increases. A venturi tube (22) is connected to the buffer mechanism and is used to convert the vibration energy of the buffer mechanism into airflow power. The precooling component is located between the water collection box (3) and the air inlet pipe (8), and is driven by the venturi tube (22) to intermittently cool the air in the air inlet pipe (8); The flow guiding components are located on both sides of the transformer body (5) and are driven by the venturi tube (22) to intermittently oscillate and supply air to the inside of the box (2); The buffer mechanism includes a bracket (17), which is installed on the outer wall of the transformer body (5). The bracket (17) has a groove (18) on the side near the box (2). A sealing plate (20) is slidably connected in the groove (18). An energy storage agent (19) is provided between the sealing plate (20) and the groove (18). A damping piston assembly (21) is provided between the sealing plate (20) and the box (2). The damping piston assembly (21) includes an outer cylinder (211), a piston rod (214), and a piston ring (213). The outer cylinder (211) is installed on the inner wall of the housing (2). A head (212) is installed inside the outer cylinder (211). The piston rod (214) is slidably connected to the head (212). The piston ring (213) is installed on the piston rod (214) and is slidably connected to the outer cylinder (211). One end of the piston rod (214) is connected to the sealing plate (20), and the other end of the piston rod (214) is equipped with a limit plate (216). The piston ring (213) has a main air chamber (217) and a buffer air chamber (218) on its two sides respectively. The end cap (212) has a balance air chamber (219) on the side away from the piston ring (213). The piston ring (213) has a throttling orifice (215). The main air chamber (217) and the buffer air chamber (218) are connected through the throttling orifice (215). The Venturi tube (22) includes a constriction section, a throat section and a diffuser section, the constriction section being connected to the main air chamber (217) and the diffuser section being connected to the balance air chamber (219).

2. A solid-state buried amorphous alloy transformer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The energy storage agent (19) is a phase change material, and the support (17) is a thermally conductive material. When the temperature of the transformer body (5) rises, the heat is transferred from the support (17) to the energy storage agent (19). The energy storage agent (19) absorbs heat and gradually changes from solid to liquid, and its volume increases.

3. A solid-state buried amorphous alloy transformer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The precooling assembly includes a spiral tube (11) which is wound around the outside of the air inlet pipe (8). The bottom of the water collection box (3) is provided with a drain hole (12), and the spiral tube (11) is connected to the drain hole (12).

4. A solid-state buried amorphous alloy transformer according to claim 3, characterized in that, The bottom of the water collection box (3) is provided with a connecting groove (13) that communicates with the throat. A sealing slider (15) is slidably connected in the connecting groove (13). A spring (14) is installed between the sealing slider (15) and the groove (18). A through hole (16) is provided on the sealing slider (15). When the venturi tube (22) is working, the sealing slider (15) moves to make the through hole (16) coincide with the drain hole (12), and the water in the water collection box (3) flows into the spiral tube (11).

5. A solid-state buried amorphous alloy transformer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The flow guiding assembly includes a pneumatic control component (23) and a flow guide plate (24). The pneumatic control component (23) is installed at the bottom of the housing (2). The flow guide plate (24) is rotatably connected to the output end of the pneumatic control component (23). An overflow hole (10) corresponding to the flow guide plate (24) is opened on the flow guiding air inlet component (6). The pneumatic control component (23) is connected to the throat of another venturi tube (22).

6. A solid-state buried amorphous alloy transformer according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a level detector (26) and a return pipe (25). The level detector (26) is installed on the inner wall of the water collection box (3). The return pipe (25) is connected to the bottom of the water collection box (3). The return pipe (25) is equipped with a solenoid valve that is electrically connected to the level detector (26).

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