Self-positioning plate roll shaft punching device and method of use
By using a laser displacement sensor and multi-claw centering clamping technology in the automatic positioning and punching device, the clamping deviation problem in the punching process of the printing roller shaft is solved, realizing high-precision and automated punching processing, adapting to the production needs of multiple specifications, and improving the yield and processing efficiency.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- DONGGUAN SHANGYUN LASER PLATE MAKING CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2026-04-07
- Publication Date
- 2026-06-12
Smart Images
Figure CN122185207A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of printing roller shaft processing technology, specifically to an automatic positioning and punching device for printing roller shaft and its usage method. Background Technology
[0002] The printing plate cylinder, also known as the printing plate roller shaft, is a core rotary transmission component in gravure and flexographic printing equipment. The machining accuracy of its shaft end center hole and transmission connection hole directly determines the coaxiality, circular runout, and dynamic balance performance of the finished printing plate cylinder, which in turn directly affects the registration accuracy, operational stability, and final quality of the printed products during high-speed operation of the printing equipment. In particular, slender printing plate cylinders with a length-to-diameter ratio greater than 10 have weak rigidity and are prone to axial misalignment and bending deformation during the punching process due to clamping and positioning deviations. This results in excessive coaxiality and positional tolerances after punching, ultimately causing severe vibrations, misregistration, and excessive noise during high-speed rotation of the equipment. In severe cases, it can directly lead to product scrapping and waste of raw materials and processing time.
[0003] Currently, most printing roller shaft drilling processes employ the traditional clamping method of simple V-block support and two-end center clamping. This clamping method only achieves basic workpiece clamping and positioning, and cannot perform full-stroke scanning detection and deviation correction of the actual axis of the printing roller shaft. It cannot guarantee the coaxiality of the printing roller shaft axis and the drill rod feed axis after clamping. When processing slender printing roller shafts, problems such as axis bending and clamping misalignment are very likely to occur, resulting in large drilling deviations and difficulty in guaranteeing the quality of finished products. At the same time, the clamping, positioning, and tool setting of existing processing methods are highly dependent on manual operation. The processing time for a single workpiece is long, the processing efficiency is low, the labor cost is high, and the product consistency is poor and the yield fluctuates greatly when processing in batches. In addition, the adaptability of traditional drilling fixtures is extremely poor. A set of fixtures can only adapt to a single or very small range of printing roller shaft specifications. For workpieces with different diameters and lengths, frequent fixture changes and repeated adjustments of clamping parameters are required. The adjustment process is cumbersome, the fixture investment cost is high, and it cannot adapt to the flexible production needs of multiple specifications and small batches.
[0004] While some existing improvement solutions use a three-jaw self-centering chuck to replace the traditional clamping structure, they still cannot detect the actual axis of the printing roller and determine the optimal clamping position, thus failing to fundamentally solve the problem of deformation during clamping of slender shafts. A few other solutions introduce a vision inspection mechanism, but these suffer from drawbacks such as complex structure, high equipment cost, stringent requirements for the processing environment, and inability to achieve continuous scanning and fitting of the entire axis, making it difficult to promote and apply them on a large scale in the printing machinery processing industry. Summary of the Invention
[0005] To address the technical problems existing in the prior art, the present invention aims to provide an automatic positioning and punching device for printing roller shaft and its usage method, which can realize automatic detection of the printing roller shaft axis, coaxial automatic centering and clamping, and fully automated punching processing, greatly improving the accuracy, efficiency and finished product quality of printing roller shaft punching processing, while having strong specification adaptability and reducing tooling costs.
[0006] An automatic positioning and drilling device for a printing roller shaft according to the present invention includes a base plate, a feeding drilling mechanism, a positioning frame assembly, and two sets of automatic centering mechanisms. A base frame is mounted on the bottom of the base plate, and a control unit is mounted on one end of the top of the base plate. The feeding drilling mechanism is mounted on the other end of the base plate and includes a linear slide rail, a carrier plate, a drilling motor, a drill rod, and a feeding drive assembly. The linear slide rail is fixed axially to the top of the base plate, the carrier plate is slidably connected to the linear slide rail, the drilling motor is fixed to the top of the carrier plate, and the drill rod is coaxially fixed to the output end of the drilling motor. The feeding drive assembly drives the carrier plate to move axially along the linear slide rail. The positioning frame assembly includes a vertical plate, a positioning frame, and a support member. The vertical plate is vertically fixed to the end of the base plate near the control unit, and the positioning frame is horizontally fixed between the vertical plate and the base plate. The central axis of the positioning frame... The support component, coaxially arranged with the central axis of the drill rod, is fixed to the inner side of the positioning frame and is used to support the printing roller shaft to be processed. Two sets of automatic centering mechanisms are slidably connected to the two ends of the positioning frame. Each set of automatic centering mechanisms includes a centering seat, a sliding sleeve, a travel drive assembly, a multi-jaw centering clamping assembly, and an axis detection assembly. The sliding sleeve is fixed on both sides of the centering seat and slides in cooperation with the positioning frame. The travel drive assembly is fixed on the sliding sleeve and meshes with the toothed plate on the positioning frame to drive the centering seat to move axially along the positioning frame. The axis detection assembly includes multiple laser displacement sensors evenly distributed circumferentially on the inner wall of the centering seat, used to scan the outer circle contour of the printing roller shaft to be processed and fit to obtain the actual axis of the printing roller shaft. The multi-jaw centering clamping assembly is set at both ends of the centering seat and is used to coaxially center and clamp the printing roller shaft according to its actual axis.
[0007] Corresponding technical effects: Through the above technical solution, the centering seat can be moved along the entire stroke of the printing roller shaft by the walking drive component. With the help of the laser displacement sensor, the outer circle contour of the printing roller shaft is scanned throughout the entire stroke, and the actual axis of the printing roller shaft is accurately fitted. Then, the multi-jaw centering clamping component completes the coaxial centering clamping, constraining the printing roller shaft on the ideal axis coaxial with the drill rod feed. This fundamentally solves the problems of axis deviation and bending deformation when clamping slender printing roller shafts, ensuring the coaxiality and positional accuracy of the drilling. At the same time, the cooperation of the feed drilling mechanism, the positioning frame component and the automatic centering mechanism can realize the fully automated processing after loading, eliminating the need for repeated manual tool adjustment and greatly improving processing efficiency.
[0008] The feed drive assembly includes a drive motor, a connector, and a threaded rod. The drive motor is fixed to the bottom of the substrate. The threaded rod is arranged along the axial direction of the linear slide rail, with one end coaxially fixed to the output end of the drive motor. The connector is threaded onto the threaded rod, and the top end of the connector is fixedly connected to the bottom of the carrier plate.
[0009] Corresponding technical effects: The feed structure adopts a threaded rod and a linear guide rail. The feed of the carrier plate is made uniform and stable through threaded transmission. The feed accuracy can be precisely controlled by the speed of the drive motor, avoiding shaking and swaying during the drilling process, ensuring the accuracy of the hole diameter and the surface finish. At the same time, the structure is simple, the transmission is stable, and the maintenance is convenient.
[0010] The positioning frame has axially extending grooves at both ends of its top. The toothed plate is fixed in the groove. The walking drive assembly includes a moving motor and a gear. The moving motor is fixed on the outside of the sliding sleeve. The gear is coaxially fixed on the output end of the moving motor. The gear meshes with the toothed plate for transmission.
[0011] Corresponding technical effects: The transmission method of gear and toothed plate meshing drives the centering seat to move along the axial direction of the positioning frame. The transmission accuracy is high and the movement is smooth. The stopping position of the centering seat can be precisely controlled to ensure the positioning accuracy of the optimal clamping position. At the same time, the transmission structure has a strong load-bearing capacity and there are no slippage or deviation problems during operation, which improves the stability of equipment operation.
[0012] The multi-claw centering clamping assembly includes a blocking ring, an adjusting ring, multiple sets of centering accessories, and a push rod drive unit. Both ends of the centering seat have annular grooves. The blocking ring is coaxially fixed inside the annular groove. Multiple radially extending guide grooves are evenly distributed around the inner circumference of the blocking ring. The adjusting ring is coaxially disposed within the annular groove and can rotate circumferentially along the groove. Multiple push pins are evenly distributed circumferentially on one side of the adjusting ring. Each push pin is slidably connected to a centering accessory. The lower end of each centering accessory passes through a guide groove, and a clamping rod is fixed to the end of each centering accessory. The push rod drive unit is fixed to the outer wall of the centering seat and is used to drive the adjusting ring to rotate circumferentially.
[0013] Corresponding technical effects: By adjusting the circumferential rotation of the ring, in conjunction with the limiting guidance of the push pin and the guide groove, multiple sets of clamping bars can be driven to synchronously retract inward or open outward, realizing multi-claw synchronous centering clamping, with uniform distribution of clamping force and high centering accuracy. At the same time, the radial stroke of the clamping bars can be steplessly adjusted, which can adapt to the clamping needs of printing rollers of different diameters and specifications without the need to change the clamping tooling, greatly improving the adaptability of the equipment.
[0014] The push rod drive unit includes a fixed base, an n-shaped connector, and an electric push rod. The fixed base is fixed to the outer wall of the centering base, and the n-shaped connector is fixed to the outer wall of the adjusting ring. The outer wall of the centering base has a limiting groove that communicates with the annular groove. The end of the n-shaped connector extends through the limiting groove to the outside of the centering base. The two ends of the electric push rod are respectively hinged to the fixed base and the n-shaped connector.
[0015] Corresponding technical effects: Using an electric push rod as the drive source, in conjunction with an n-shaped connector, the adjusting ring rotates. The drive response is fast, the clamping force is controllable, and the retraction range of the clamping bar can be precisely controlled. At the same time, the limiting groove can limit the rotation range of the adjusting ring, avoiding structural jamming or workpiece damage caused by excessive rotation, and ensuring the stability and reliability of the clamping action.
[0016] The laser displacement sensors are evenly distributed at equal angles around the centering seat, with no fewer than three sensors. The detection end of the laser displacement sensor faces the central axis of the centering seat. The control unit is electrically connected to the feed drilling mechanism, the walking drive assembly, the multi-jaw centering clamping assembly, and the axis detection assembly. The control unit has a built-in axis fitting algorithm, which is used to fit the actual axis of the printing roller shaft based on the data collected by the laser displacement sensors.
[0017] Corresponding technical effects: No fewer than three circumferentially distributed laser displacement sensors can simultaneously collect radial distance data in multiple directions on the outer circle of the printing roller shaft, ensuring the accuracy of axis fitting. At the same time, the control unit can process the collected data through built-in algorithms to accurately fit the actual axis of the printing roller shaft, providing accurate data support for subsequent centering and clamping, and ensuring coaxiality after clamping from the root.
[0018] The support is fixed to both ends of the inner side of the positioning frame, with the opening of the support facing upward and arranged coaxially with the central axis of the centering seat.
[0019] Corresponding technical effects: The support components arranged coaxially at both ends can provide stable initial support and positioning for the printing roller shaft during the feeding stage, preventing the workpiece from falling after feeding. At the same time, it ensures that the deviation between the axis of the printing roller shaft after initial positioning and the theoretical ideal axis is within a controllable range, providing a basis for subsequent axis scanning and centering clamping.
[0020] The substrate is also provided with a cutting fluid collection unit, which includes a collection tank and a filter plate. The collection tank is embedded in the inner side of the substrate and located directly below the positioning frame. The filter plate is detachably installed at the top opening of the collection tank.
[0021] Corresponding technical effects: The cutting fluid collection unit can collect the cutting fluid and metal chips generated during the drilling process, and the filter plate can filter and retain the metal chips for easy centralized cleaning. At the same time, the filtered cutting fluid can be recycled and reused, reducing processing costs and preventing cutting fluid and chips from polluting the processing environment.
[0022] The control unit is a PLC controller with a touch screen, which has built-in centering control logic and drilling feed control program. The signal input terminal of the control unit is connected to the laser displacement sensor, and the signal output terminal is electrically connected to the drilling motor, feed drive component, travel drive component and multi-jaw centering clamping component respectively.
[0023] Corresponding technical effects: By using a PLC controller with a touch screen as the control core, the entire process of the device can be automated. Operators can easily set processing parameters through the touch screen, and at the same time, they can collect sensor data in real time and monitor the operating status of the equipment, ensuring the controllability and stability of the processing process and adapting to the needs of batch automated production.
[0024] The outer surface of the clamping rod is covered with a polyurethane protective layer. The number of clamping rods corresponds one-to-one with the number of guide grooves, push pins, and centering accessories, and there are no fewer than 3 sets of each.
[0025] Corresponding technical effects: The polyurethane protective layer on the outer surface of the clamping bar can prevent scratches and bumps on the outer round precision surface of the roller shaft during clamping, ensuring the surface quality of the workpiece; the clamping structure of no less than 3 sets can further improve the stability and centering accuracy of clamping, and avoid workpiece skewing caused by single-point clamping.
[0026] The moving motor is a servo motor with a braking function, the positioning frame is a rectangular frame structure, and the sliding sleeve is fitted onto the outer wall of the positioning frame and slides with the positioning frame with a clearance.
[0027] Corresponding technical effects: The servo motor with braking function can lock immediately after the centering seat moves to the target position, preventing the centering seat from moving or shifting during processing and ensuring the accuracy of the clamping position; the positioning frame with rectangular frame structure and the sleeve connection structure of the sliding sleeve can provide stable guidance for the movement of the centering seat, preventing the centering seat from deflecting or shaking during movement and ensuring the accuracy of axis scanning.
[0028] A method of using the automatic positioning and punching device on the printing roller shaft according to the present invention, employing the automatic positioning and punching device on the printing roller shaft described in any of the above claims, includes the following steps:
[0029] S1 Loading: Pass the printing roller shaft to be processed through two sets of centering seats, and place both ends of the printing roller shaft on the support to complete the initial support and positioning;
[0030] S2 Axis Scanning and Positioning: The control unit starts the walking drive assembly, which drives the two sets of centering seats to move along the axial direction of the positioning frame. During the movement, the laser displacement sensor collects the radial data of the outer circle of the printing roller shaft in real time. The control unit fits the collected data to obtain the actual axis of the printing roller shaft and determines the optimal clamping position.
[0031] S3 Coaxial Centering Clamping: The walking drive component moves two sets of centering seats to the optimal clamping position. The control unit starts the multi-jaw centering clamping component, which drives multiple sets of clamping bars to synchronously retract towards the center, coaxially clamping the printing roller shaft and constraining the printing roller shaft on the theoretical ideal axis coaxial with the drill rod.
[0032] S4 Automatic Drilling Process: The control unit starts the drilling motor to drive the drill rod to rotate, and at the same time starts the feed drive component to drive the carrier plate to feed at a constant speed along the linear slide rail to complete the drilling operation at the end of the printing roller shaft;
[0033] S5 Unloading and Reset: After drilling is completed, the feed drive assembly drives the carrier plate to reset, the multi-jaw centering clamping assembly is released, the processed roller shaft is taken out, and the device is reset to wait for the next processing.
[0034] Corresponding technical effects: Through the above steps, the entire process of loading the printing roller shaft, scanning the axis, centering and clamping, drilling, unloading and resetting can be automated. There is no need for manual repeated tool setting and tooling adjustment, which greatly reduces the intensity of manual operation, shortens the processing cycle of a single workpiece, and ensures the consistency of products during batch processing, thus greatly improving the yield.
[0035] In step S2, the control unit fits the full-stroke radial data collected by the laser displacement sensor using the least squares method to obtain the actual axis of the printing roller shaft, and calculates and determines the two positions with the smallest radial runout on the printing roller shaft as the optimal clamping positions.
[0036] Corresponding technical effects: The least squares method is used for axis fitting, which has high fitting accuracy and fast calculation speed. It can accurately restore the actual axis shape of the printing roller. At the same time, the position with the least radial runout is selected as the clamping position, which can minimize the bending deformation generated during clamping, ensure the straightness of the printing roller after clamping, and further improve the punching accuracy.
[0037] In step S3, after the multi-claw centering clamping assembly completes clamping, the laser displacement sensor collects the radial data of the outer circle of the printing roller shaft again, and the control unit verifies the coaxiality of the printing roller shaft axis and the drill rod axis after clamping. If the coaxiality exceeds the preset threshold, the clamping adjustment step is repeated.
[0038] Corresponding technical effects: By verifying the coaxiality after clamping, a closed-loop control can be formed to ensure that the coaxiality after clamping meets the processing requirements, avoid product scrap due to clamping deviation, and further improve the processing yield.
[0039] In step S4, during the drilling operation, the cutting fluid continuously flushes the drilling area. The cutting fluid carrying metal debris is filtered by the filter plate and falls into the collection tank for recycling.
[0040] Corresponding technical effects: Through the continuous flushing of the cutting fluid, the cutting heat and metal chips generated during the drilling process can be removed in time, avoiding overheating and wear of the drill rod, while ensuring the surface quality of the inner wall of the drill hole. The recycling of the cutting fluid can reduce processing costs and reduce environmental pollution.
[0041] Beneficial effects
[0042] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:
[0043] 1. Significantly improves clamping and positioning accuracy, solving pain points in the processing of slender printing rollers. This invention utilizes circumferentially distributed laser displacement sensors to scan the outer contour of the printing roller throughout the movement of the centering seat, accurately fitting the actual axis of the printing roller and determining the optimal clamping position. Through multi-jaw synchronous centering clamping components at both ends, the printing roller can be forcibly constrained on the theoretically ideal axis coaxial with the drill rod feed, completely solving the problems of axis misalignment and bending deformation during the clamping of slender printing rollers, ensuring the coaxiality and positional accuracy of drilling, avoiding product scrap due to clamping deviations, and significantly improving the yield.
[0044] 2. Full-process automated control significantly improves processing efficiency. This invention achieves full-process automated control of axis scanning, positioning and movement, centering and clamping, drilling and feeding, and resetting and unloading after loading through the control unit. It eliminates the need for repeated manual tool setting and tooling adjustments, greatly reducing the intensity of manual operation. The processing cycle of a single printing roller is shortened by more than 60% compared to the traditional manual method. It is especially suitable for batch production scenarios and can realize continuous automated processing operations.
[0045] 3. High adaptability, significantly reducing tooling costs. The centering clamping assembly of this invention can achieve stepless adjustment of the radial stroke of the clamping bar by adjusting the rotation of the adjusting ring, adapting to printing rollers of different diameters; the two sets of centering seats can move freely along the axial direction of the positioning frame, adapting to printing rollers of different lengths. Multi-specification product processing can be completed without changing tooling, significantly reducing tooling investment costs and improving the versatility and flexible production capabilities of the equipment.
[0046] 4. Stable and reliable operation, controllable processing quality. The feeding mechanism of this invention adopts a combination structure of threaded rod and linear slide rail, which ensures smooth feeding and controllable accuracy; the centering seat travels using gear and rack meshing transmission, which provides high positioning accuracy and smooth movement; the multi-jaw synchronous centering clamping structure provides uniform clamping force, does not damage the outer circle of the printing roller shaft, and has strong clamping stability, which can effectively avoid the problem of workpiece movement during the punching process and ensure the consistency and stability of product quality during batch processing. Attached Figure Description
[0047] Figure 1 This is a first-view overall structural diagram of the automatic positioning and punching device on the printing roller shaft according to an embodiment of the present invention;
[0048] Figure 2 This is a second-view overall structural diagram of the automatic positioning and punching device on the printing roller shaft according to an embodiment of the present invention;
[0049] Figure 3 For the present invention Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure;
[0050] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the cooperation structure between the positioning frame and the automatic centering mechanism of the present invention;
[0051] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the automatic centering mechanism of the present invention;
[0052] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the internal disassembly structure of the automatic centering mechanism of the present invention.
[0053] The component names marked in the attached diagram are as follows:
[0054] 1. Base plate; 101. Control unit; 102. Base frame; 2. Linear slide rail; 201. Carrier plate; 202. Drilling motor; 203. Drill rod; 204. Drive motor; 205. Connector; 206. Threaded rod; 3. Vertical plate; 301. Positioning frame; 302. Support; 303. Groove; 304. Toothed plate; 4. Storage tank; 401. Filter plate; 5. Centering seat; 501. Sliding sleeve; 502. Moving motor; 503. Gear; 504. Barrier ring; 505. Limiting groove; 506. Fixed seat; 507. N-shaped connector; 508. Electric push rod; 509. Annular groove; 510. Push pin; 511. Centering auxiliary component; 512. Guide groove; 513. Clamping rod; 514. Adjusting ring; 6. Laser displacement sensor. Detailed Implementation
[0055] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0056] The automatic positioning and punching device on the printing roller shaft described in this embodiment uses technical terminology for all components that is consistent with the terminology in the above-described invention and claims. The specific structure is as follows: Figures 1-6 As shown.
[0057] The automatic positioning and drilling device on the printing roller shaft provided in this embodiment includes a base plate 1, a feeding drilling mechanism, a positioning frame assembly, two sets of automatic centering mechanisms, a control unit 101, and a cutting fluid collection unit.
[0058] The base plate 1 is a rectangular steel structure platform with four sets of base frames 102 fixed at equal intervals at the bottom. These are used to fix the entire device on the processing workshop floor or machine base to ensure the stability of the equipment during operation. The control unit 101 is installed at the top left end of the base plate 1. As the control core of the device, the control unit 101 in this embodiment adopts a Siemens S7-1200 PLC controller with a touch screen. It has built-in axis fitting algorithm, centering control logic and drilling feed control program, which can realize the full-process automated control of the device.
[0059] The feed drilling mechanism is installed at the top right end of the substrate 1 to complete the drilling operation at the end of the printing roller shaft. Specifically, it includes a linear slide rail 2, a carrier plate 201, a drilling motor 202, a drill rod 203, and a feed drive assembly. Two linear slide rails 2 are provided, parallel and fixed to the top of the substrate 1, arranged horizontally along the axial direction of the substrate 1. The bottom of the carrier plate 201 is slidably connected to the two linear slide rails 2 via a slider, allowing it to move freely horizontally along the axial direction of the linear slide rails 2. The drilling motor 202 is fixed to the top of the carrier plate 201 with bolts, its output end facing the left end of the substrate 1. The drill rod 203 is coaxially fixed to the output end of the drilling motor 202 via a high-precision spring collet. The central axis of the drill rod 203 is coaxially arranged with the central axis of the centering seat 5, ensuring the coaxiality accuracy of the drilling from the source.
[0060] The feed drive assembly is used to drive the carrier plate 201 to make uniform feed motion along the linear slide rail 2. Specifically, it includes a drive motor 204, a threaded rod 206, and a connector 205. The drive motor 204 is a high-precision servo motor, which is fixed at the right end of the bottom of the base plate 1. Its output end is coaxially fixedly connected to one end of the threaded rod 206 through a coupling. The threaded rod 206 is arranged horizontally along the axial direction of the linear slide rail 2, and its two ends are rotatably connected to the base plate 1 through bearings with seats. The lower end of the connector 205 has an internal threaded hole that matches the threaded rod 206. The threaded part is threaded onto the threaded rod 206. The top end of the connector 205 passes through an axial strip groove opened on the base plate 1 and is fixedly connected to the bottom of the carrier plate 201. The process is as follows: when the drive motor 204 drives the threaded rod 206 to rotate, the connecting piece 205 is driven to move horizontally along the axial direction of the threaded rod 206 through the threaded transmission, thereby driving the carrier plate 201 to move smoothly along the linear slide rail 2, so as to realize the uniform feed of drilling. The feed speed and feed depth can be precisely controlled by the speed and number of rotations of the servo motor.
[0061] The positioning frame assembly is installed on the top left end of the substrate 1 to support the roller shaft to be processed and to provide movement guidance for the automatic centering mechanism. Specifically, it includes a vertical plate 3, a positioning frame 301, and a support member 302. The vertical plate 3 is vertically fixed to the left end face of the top of the substrate 1. The positioning frame 301 is a rectangular frame structure, arranged horizontally, with its left end fixedly connected to the right side of the vertical plate 3 and its right end fixedly connected to the top of the substrate 1. The central axis of the positioning frame 301 is coaxial with the central axis of the drill rod 203. The support member 302 is a V-shaped support structure, fixed to the left and right ends of the inner side of the positioning frame 301, with the opening facing upward, for initial support of the roller shaft to be processed, to prevent the workpiece from falling after loading. The top front and rear sides of the positioning frame 301 are provided with axially extending grooves 303. Toothed plates 304 are fixed in the grooves 303 by bolts to provide transmission cooperation for the movement of the automatic centering mechanism.
[0062] Two sets of automatic centering mechanisms are slidably connected to the left and right ends of the positioning frame 301, respectively, and can move freely horizontally along the axial direction of the positioning frame 301. They are used to complete the axis detection and coaxial centering clamping of the printing roller shaft. Each set of automatic centering mechanisms includes a centering seat 5, a sliding sleeve 501, a walking drive assembly, a multi-jaw centering clamping assembly, and an axis detection assembly.
[0063] The centering seat 5 is a cylindrical structure with an inner diameter larger than the maximum outer diameter of the roller shaft to be processed, ensuring that the roller shaft can pass smoothly through the inner hole of the centering seat 5. Sliding sleeves 501 are fixed on both the front and rear sides of the centering seat 5. The sliding sleeves 501 are sleeved on the outside of the positioning frame 301 and slide with the positioning frame 301 with clearance, providing stable guidance for the movement of the centering seat 5.
[0064] The walking drive assembly is used to drive the centering seat 5 to move axially along the positioning frame 301, specifically including a moving motor 502 and a gear 503. The moving motor 502 is a servo motor with a braking function, fixed on the outer wall of the sliding sleeve 501, with its output end facing the top of the positioning frame 301; the gear 503 is coaxially fixed to the output end of the moving motor 502, and the gear 503 passes through a through hole on the side wall of the sliding sleeve 501, meshing with a toothed plate 304 in the groove 303 at the top of the positioning frame 301. The process is as follows: when the moving motor 502 drives the gear 503 to rotate, the meshing transmission between the gear 503 and the toothed plate 304 drives the sliding sleeve 501 and the centering seat 5 to move horizontally along the axial direction of the positioning frame 301. The movement position can be precisely controlled by the number of pulses of the servo motor. After reaching the target position, the motor brakes and locks to prevent the centering seat 5 from moving erratically.
[0065] The axis detection component is used to scan the outer contour of the printing roller shaft and fit the actual axis of the printing roller shaft. Specifically, it includes four laser displacement sensors 6 evenly distributed at equal angles around the centering seat 5 on the inner wall. The detection end of the laser displacement sensor 6 faces the central axis of the centering seat 5, and its signal output end is electrically connected to the signal input end of the control unit 101. The implementation process is as follows: during the movement of the centering seat 5 along the positioning frame 301, the four laser displacement sensors 6 can collect the radial distance data of the corresponding position on the outer circle of the printing roller shaft in real time and transmit the data to the control unit 101 in real time. The control unit 101 uses the least squares method to fit the actual axis of the printing roller shaft based on the multiple sets of data collected throughout the stroke, and calculates the two optimal clamping positions with the minimum radial runout and the best straightness on the printing roller shaft.
[0066] The multi-claw centering clamping assembly is set at both ends of the centering seat 5 and is used to synchronously and coaxially clamp the printing roller shaft. Specifically, it includes a blocking ring 504, an adjusting ring 514, multiple sets of centering accessories 511, and a push rod drive unit. Both ends of the centering seat 5 are provided with annular grooves 509. A blocking ring 504 is coaxially fixed inside the annular groove 509. The blocking ring 504 is coaxially arranged with the centering seat 5. Nine radially extending guide grooves 512 are evenly distributed around the inner circumference of the blocking ring 504. An adjustable ring 514 that can rotate circumferentially is also provided in the annular groove 509. The adjustable ring 514 is coaxially arranged with the centering seat 5. Nine push pins 510 are evenly distributed around the side of the adjustable ring 514 facing the blocking ring 504. Each push pin 510 is slidably connected to a centering auxiliary component 511. The lower end of the centering auxiliary component 511 passes through the guide groove 512 and extends to the inner circumference of the blocking ring 504. A clamping rod 513 is fixed at the end. The outer surface of the clamping rod 513 is covered with a polyurethane protective layer to prevent damage to the outer surface of the printing roller shaft during clamping.
[0067] The outer wall of the centering seat 5 is also provided with a push rod drive unit for driving the adjustment ring 514 to rotate, specifically including a fixed seat 506, an electric push rod 508, and an n-shaped connector 507. The fixed seat 506 is fixed at the top and bottom of the outer wall of the centering seat 5, and the n-shaped connector 507 is fixed at the top and bottom of the adjustment ring 514. The top and bottom of the outer wall of the centering seat 5 are also provided with limiting grooves 505 that communicate with the annular groove 509. The end of the n-shaped connector 507 extends through the limiting groove 505 to the outside of the outer wall of the centering seat 5. The cylinder end of the electric push rod 508 is hinged to the fixed seat 506, and the push rod end is hinged to the extension end of the n-shaped connector 507. The process is as follows: When the electric push rod 508 extends, it can drive the adjusting ring 514 to rotate circumferentially in the annular groove 509 through the n-shaped connector 507. When the adjusting ring 514 rotates, it drives the centering auxiliary part 511 to move radially towards the center along the guide groove 512 by pushing the pin 510, thereby driving the nine clamping rods 513 to synchronously retract towards the center, realizing the coaxial centering clamping of the printing roller shaft; when the electric push rod 508 retracts, it drives the adjusting ring 514 to rotate in the opposite direction, thereby driving the clamping rods 513 to open outward and release the printing roller shaft.
[0068] The cutting fluid collection unit is located at the left end of the substrate 1 and is used to collect cutting fluid and metal debris during the drilling process. Specifically, it includes a collection tank 4 and a filter plate 401. The collection tank 4 is a rectangular tank with an open top, embedded in the inner side of the left end of the substrate 1, located directly below the positioning frame 301. The filter plate 401 is a perforated stainless steel plate, which is detachably installed at the top opening of the collection tank 4. It can filter and trap metal debris. The filtered cutting fluid falls into the collection tank 4 and can be recycled back to the drilling position by a circulation pump.
[0069] This embodiment also provides a method for using the above-mentioned automatic positioning and punching device on the printing roller shaft. The specific implementation process is as follows:
[0070] S1 Material Preparation: According to the drilling requirements of the printing roller shaft to be processed, set the corresponding processing parameters on the touch screen of the control unit 101, including drilling depth, feed speed, clamping specifications, coaxiality threshold, etc.; pass the printing roller shaft to be processed through the inner holes of the two sets of centering seats 5 from the right end of the centering seat 5, and place both ends of the printing roller shaft stably in the V-groove of the support 302 to complete the initial support and positioning.
[0071] S2 Axis Scanning and Optimal Position Determination: Control Unit 101 starts the moving motors 502 of the two sets of automatic centering mechanisms, driving the two sets of centering seats 5 to move synchronously along the axial direction of the positioning frame 301. During the movement, the laser displacement sensor 6 in the centering seat 5 collects the radial distance data of the corresponding position on the outer circle of the printing roller shaft in real time, and transmits the data to Control Unit 101 in real time. Based on the multiple sets of data collected throughout the stroke, Control Unit 101 obtains the actual axis of the printing roller shaft by fitting it with the least squares method, and calculates the two clamping positions with the minimum radial runout and the best straightness on the printing roller shaft as the optimal clamping positions.
[0072] S3 Coaxial Centering Clamping: Control unit 101 controls the rotation of the moving motor 502, driving the two sets of centering seats 5 to move to the two optimal clamping positions determined in step S2, and the moving motor is braked and locked; then control unit 101 starts the electric push rod 508, the electric push rod 508 extends, and drives the adjusting ring 514 to rotate circumferentially through the n-shaped connector 507. The adjusting ring 514 drives the centering auxiliary part 511 to move radially towards the center along the guide groove 512 through the push pin 510. The nine clamping rods 513 synchronously retract and evenly fit on the outer circle surface of the printing roller shaft, forcibly constraining the printing roller shaft on the theoretical ideal axis coaxial with the drill rod 203, completing the coaxial centering clamping; after clamping, the laser displacement sensor 6 collects the radial data of the outer circle of the printing roller shaft again, and control unit 101 verifies the coaxiality of the axis after clamping. If it does not meet the preset threshold, it is readjusted until it meets the requirements.
[0073] S4 Automatic Drilling Process: Control unit 101 starts drilling motor 202, driving drill rod 203 to rotate at high speed. At the same time, drive motor 204 starts, driving threaded rod 206 to rotate. Through connector 205, the carrier plate 201 moves to the left along linear slide rail 2 at a set feed speed. Drill rod 203 contacts the end of the plate roller shaft to complete the drilling operation at the set depth. During the drilling process, cutting fluid continuously flushes the drilling position, carrying away cutting heat and metal chips. Cutting fluid and chips fall onto filter plate 401. Chips are filtered and retained, and cutting fluid falls into collection tank 4 for collection and recycling.
[0074] S5 Material Feeding and Device Reset: After the drilling operation is completed, the drive motor 204 rotates in the reverse direction, driving the carrier plate 201 to move to the right and reset, and the drilling motor 202 stops rotating; the electric push rod 508 retracts, driving the clamping rod 513 to open outward and release the printing roller shaft; the operator takes out the processed printing roller shaft, cleans the metal debris on the filter plate 401, and the device resets, waiting for the next processing operation.
[0075] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the essence and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.
Claims
1. An automatic positioning and punching device for a printing roller shaft, characterized in that, It includes a substrate, a feed drilling mechanism, a positioning frame assembly, and two sets of automatic centering mechanisms; A base frame is mounted on the bottom of the substrate, and a control unit is mounted on one end of the top of the substrate; The feed drilling mechanism is installed at the other end of the substrate and includes a linear slide rail, a carrier plate, a drilling motor, a drill rod, and a feed drive assembly. The linear slide rail is fixed to the top of the substrate along the axial direction of the substrate. The carrier plate is slidably connected to the linear slide rail. The drilling motor is fixed to the top of the carrier plate. The drill rod is coaxially fixed to the output end of the drilling motor. The feed drive assembly is used to drive the carrier plate to move along the axial direction of the linear slide rail. The positioning frame assembly includes a vertical plate, a positioning frame, and a support member. The vertical plate is vertically fixed to one end of the base plate near the control unit. The positioning frame is horizontally fixed between the vertical plate and the base plate. The central axis of the positioning frame is coaxial with the central axis of the drill rod. The support member is fixed to the inner side of the positioning frame and is used to support the roller shaft to be processed. The two sets of automatic centering mechanisms are slidably connected to the two ends of the positioning frame. Each set of automatic centering mechanisms includes a centering seat, a sliding sleeve, a walking drive assembly, a multi-jaw centering clamping assembly, and an axis detection assembly. The sliding sleeve is fixed on both sides of the centering seat and slides in cooperation with the positioning frame. The walking drive assembly is fixed on the sliding sleeve and meshes with the toothed plate on the positioning frame to drive the centering seat to move axially along the positioning frame. The axis detection assembly includes multiple laser displacement sensors evenly distributed circumferentially on the inner wall of the centering seat, used to scan the outer circle contour of the printing roller shaft to be processed and fit to obtain the actual axis of the printing roller shaft. The multi-jaw centering clamping assembly is set at both ends of the centering seat and used to coaxially center and clamp the printing roller shaft according to its actual axis.
2. The automatic positioning and punching device on the printing roller shaft according to claim 1, characterized in that, The feed drive assembly includes a drive motor, a connector, and a threaded rod. The drive motor is fixed to the bottom of the substrate. The threaded rod is arranged along the axial direction of the linear slide rail, with one end coaxially fixed to the output end of the drive motor. The connector is threaded onto the threaded rod, and the top end of the connector is fixedly connected to the bottom of the carrier plate.
3. The automatic positioning and punching device on the printing roller shaft according to claim 1, characterized in that, The positioning frame has axially extending grooves at both ends of its top. The toothed plate is fixed in the groove. The walking drive assembly includes a moving motor and a gear. The moving motor is fixed on the outside of the sliding sleeve. The gear is coaxially fixed on the output end of the moving motor. The gear meshes with the toothed plate for transmission.
4. The automatic positioning and punching device on the printing roller shaft according to claim 3, characterized in that, The multi-claw centering clamping assembly includes a blocking ring, an adjusting ring, multiple sets of centering accessories, and a push rod drive unit. Both ends of the centering seat have annular grooves. The blocking ring is coaxially fixed inside the annular groove. Multiple radially extending guide grooves are evenly distributed around the inner circumference of the blocking ring. The adjusting ring is coaxially disposed within the annular groove and can rotate circumferentially along the groove. Multiple push pins are evenly distributed circumferentially on one side of the adjusting ring. Each push pin is slidably connected to a centering accessory. The lower end of each centering accessory passes through a guide groove, and a clamping rod is fixed to the end of each centering accessory. The push rod drive unit is fixed to the outer wall of the centering seat and is used to drive the adjusting ring to rotate circumferentially.
5. The automatic positioning and punching device on the printing roller shaft according to claim 4, characterized in that, The push rod drive unit includes a fixed base, an n-shaped connector, and an electric push rod. The fixed base is fixed to the outer wall of the centering base, and the n-shaped connector is fixed to the outer wall of the adjusting ring. The outer wall of the centering base has a limiting groove that communicates with the annular groove. The end of the n-shaped connector extends through the limiting groove to the outside of the centering base. The two ends of the electric push rod are respectively hinged to the fixed base and the n-shaped connector.
6. The automatic positioning and punching device on the printing roller shaft according to claim 1, characterized in that, The laser displacement sensors are evenly distributed at equal angles around the centering seat, with no fewer than three sensors. The detection end of the laser displacement sensor faces the central axis of the centering seat. The control unit is electrically connected to the feed drilling mechanism, the walking drive assembly, the multi-jaw centering clamping assembly, and the axis detection assembly. The control unit has a built-in axis fitting algorithm, which is used to fit the actual axis of the printing roller shaft based on the data collected by the laser displacement sensors.
7. The automatic positioning and punching device on the printing roller shaft according to claim 1, characterized in that, The support is fixed to both ends of the inner side of the positioning frame, with the opening of the support facing upward and arranged coaxially with the central axis of the centering seat.
8. The automatic positioning and punching device on the printing roller shaft according to claim 1, characterized in that, The substrate is also provided with a cutting fluid collection unit, which includes a collection tank and a filter plate. The collection tank is embedded in the inner side of the substrate and located directly below the positioning frame. The filter plate is detachably installed at the top opening of the collection tank.
9. The automatic positioning and punching device on the printing roller shaft according to claim 4, characterized in that, The control unit is a PLC controller with a touch screen, which has built-in centering control logic and drilling feed control program. The signal input terminal of the control unit is connected to the laser displacement sensor, and the signal output terminal is electrically connected to the drilling motor, feed drive assembly, walking drive assembly, and multi-jaw centering clamping assembly, respectively. The outer surface of the clamping bar is covered with a polyurethane protective layer. The number of clamping bars corresponds one-to-one with the number of guide grooves, push pins, and centering accessories, and there are no less than 3 sets of each. The moving motor is a servo motor with braking function. The positioning frame is a rectangular frame structure. The sliding sleeve is fitted onto the outer wall of the positioning frame and slides with the positioning frame with a clearance.
10. A method of using an automatic positioning and punching device on a printing roller shaft, characterized in that, The automatic positioning and punching device on the printing roller shaft according to any one of claims 1-9 includes the following steps: S1 Loading: Pass the printing roller shaft to be processed through two sets of centering seats, and place both ends of the printing roller shaft on the support to complete the initial support and positioning; S2 Axis Scanning and Positioning: The control unit starts the walking drive assembly, which drives the two sets of centering seats to move along the axial direction of the positioning frame. During the movement, the laser displacement sensor collects the radial data of the outer circle of the printing roller shaft in real time. The control unit fits the collected data to obtain the actual axis of the printing roller shaft and determines the optimal clamping position. S3 Coaxial Centering Clamping: The walking drive component moves two sets of centering seats to the optimal clamping position. The control unit starts the multi-jaw centering clamping component, which drives multiple sets of clamping bars to synchronously retract towards the center, coaxially clamping the printing roller shaft and constraining the printing roller shaft on the theoretical ideal axis coaxial with the drill rod. S4 Automatic Drilling Process: The control unit starts the drilling motor to drive the drill rod to rotate, and at the same time starts the feed drive component to drive the carrier plate to feed at a constant speed along the linear slide rail to complete the drilling operation at the end of the printing roller shaft; S5 Unloading and Reset: After drilling is completed, the feed drive assembly drives the carrier plate to reset, the multi-jaw centering clamping assembly is released, the processed roller shaft is taken out, and the device is reset to wait for the next processing. In step S2, the control unit fits the full-stroke radial data collected by the laser displacement sensor using the least squares method to obtain the actual axis of the printing roller shaft, and calculates and determines the two positions with the smallest radial runout on the printing roller shaft as the optimal clamping positions. In step S3, after the multi-claw centering clamping assembly completes clamping, the laser displacement sensor collects the radial data of the outer circle of the printing roller shaft again, and the control unit verifies the coaxiality of the printing roller shaft axis and the drill rod axis after clamping. If the coaxiality exceeds the preset threshold, the clamping adjustment step is repeated. In step S4, during the drilling operation, the cutting fluid continuously flushes the drilling area. The cutting fluid carrying metal debris is filtered through a filter plate and falls into a collection tank for recycling.