A copper electrolytic cell capable of realizing electrolyte homogenization and a use method thereof

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of electrolysis equipment, and discloses a copper electrolysis tank capable of realizing electrolyte homogenization and a use method, which comprises the electrolysis tank, a plurality of anode plates and a plurality of cathode plates arranged in the electrolysis tank, a plurality of liquid inlet pipes distributed in the electrolysis tank in the axial direction, electrolyte filled in the electrolysis tank from the bottom end of the electrolysis tank through the liquid inlet pipes, a stirring assembly comprising a gas circulating member and a plurality of stirring members distributed in the electrolysis tank in the axial direction, every two stirring members arranged on the two sides of one liquid inlet pipe, the stirring members used for conveying gas to the electrolyte in the electrolysis tank, the gas generating bubbles in the electrolyte to stir the electrolyte, and the gas circulating member arranged at the top end of the electrolysis tank, and a monitoring assembly arranged on the inner wall of the electrolysis tank and used for monitoring the concentration of the electrolyte. The application improves the homogeneity of the concentration of each component of the electrolyte in the tank, effectively inhibits the growth of dendrites, reduces impurity eutectoid, and stably produces cathode copper with a smooth surface, a compact structure and high purity.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of electrolysis equipment technology, and in particular to a copper electrolytic cell that can achieve electrolyte homogenization and its usage method. Background Technology

[0002] In actual copper electrolytic refining production, due to the large internal volume of the electrolytic cell, deviations in the arrangement of the filling ports, the real-time electrochemical reaction, and the dense arrangement of the starting plates, the concentrations of electrolyte and additives vary at different locations within the electrolytic cell. Uneven concentrations of electrolyte or additives can lead to a series of problems, affecting the quality and production stability of the cathode copper product. For the electrolyte, excessively high local copper ion concentrations can cause rapid growth of dendritic crystals (called "burrs") on the cathode surface. These crystals may pierce the diaphragm, causing short circuits between the anode and cathode, resulting in localized overheating (called "plate burning"), or even electrode burnout. Conversely, low-concentration areas, due to insufficient ion supply, are prone to forming loose and porous plating layers, and impurities are more likely to precipitate preferentially, leading to a decrease in the purity of the cathode copper (such as the appearance of "black spots" or excessive impurities). For additives, if the local concentration is too low, it cannot effectively suppress dendrites, resulting in rough "orange peel" defects on the cathode surface, with large grains and easy inclusion of impurities. If the concentration is too high, it will excessively inhibit the deposition reaction, forming a brittle coating, and even causing pinholes, streaks, and color differences. In severe cases, it will reduce the adhesion between the coating and the starting electrode, leading to "peeling". Excessive local additives may also decompose at high temperature and high current density, producing byproducts such as sulfides, which combine with copper ions to form black precipitates, further contaminating the electrolyte and increasing purification costs. Currently, the following solutions exist for addressing the issue of uneven distribution of electrolyte and additives within the electrolytic cell: Adjusting the electrolyte inlet method and device, such as the copper electrolytic cell disclosed in patent CN201821962226U, where the electrolyte enters from the top and exits from the bottom to increase the electrolyte circulation speed; the electrolytic cell device for copper electrolysis disclosed in patent CN201920168997U, where the electrolyte enters from the bottom and exits from the top, and combined with the adjustment of the arrangement of the delivery branch pipes, improves the uniformity of the copper electrolyte; the electrolytic or electrowinning device for parallel bidirectional rotating flow of solution disclosed in patent CN201626993U, where the inlet is set in the upper half of both sides of the electrolytic cell, and the purpose of stirring the electrolyte is achieved by the initial speed of electrolyte delivery.

[0003] Simply changing the electrolyte feeding method in the aforementioned technologies is insufficient to improve the uniformity of the electrolyte in the electrolytic cell. The electrolyte feeding rate can play a certain role in stirring, but the flow rate is high near the inlet and low further away, which leads to uneven electrolyte circulation, concentration polarization, and affects the quality of the cathode copper.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a copper electrolytic cell and its usage method that can achieve electrolyte homogenization in order to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a copper electrolytic cell and its usage method that can achieve electrolyte homogenization, so as to solve the problems existing in the prior art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following solution: The present invention provides a copper electrolytic cell and a method for using it to achieve electrolyte homogenization, comprising an electrolytic cell, wherein multiple anode plates and multiple cathode plates are disposed within the electrolytic cell, and further comprising: Multiple liquid inlet pipes are distributed axially inside the electrolytic cell, and the electrolyte is poured into the electrolytic cell from the bottom inside the cell through the liquid inlet pipes; The stirring assembly includes a gas circulation component and multiple stirring components, which are distributed axially within the electrolytic cell. Each pair of stirring components is located on both sides of an inlet pipe. The stirring components are used to deliver gas to the electrolyte in the electrolytic cell. The gas generates bubbles in the electrolyte to stir it. The gas circulation component is located at the top of the electrolytic cell. A monitoring component is installed on the inner wall of the electrolytic cell to monitor the concentration of the electrolyte.

[0007] According to the present invention, a copper electrolytic cell and a method for using it to achieve electrolyte homogenization are provided. The stirring component includes an air inlet pipe, and the air inlet pipe has multiple air outlets, the air outlets being vertically upward.

[0008] According to the present invention, a copper electrolytic cell capable of achieving electrolyte homogenization and a method of use are provided. The gas circulation component includes a gas collecting hood, which is fixedly connected to the top of the electrolytic cell. The bottom end of the gas collecting hood is connected to the interior of the electrolytic cell. The side wall of the gas collecting hood is connected to the inlet end of the gas inlet pipe. Multiple guide plates are provided inside the gas collecting hood to guide the gas to converge towards the outlet of the gas collecting hood. A gas composition sensor is installed inside the gas collecting hood to monitor the sulfuric acid content in the collected circulating gas in real time.

[0009] According to the present invention, a copper electrolytic cell and a method for using it to achieve electrolyte homogenization are provided. The electrolytic cell is provided with a gas filter, and the input end and output end of the gas filter are respectively connected to the gas collection hood and the gas inlet pipe.

[0010] According to the present invention, a copper electrolytic cell capable of achieving electrolyte homogenization and a method of using it are provided. The monitoring component includes multiple concentration sensors, which are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the electrolytic cell.

[0011] According to the present invention, a copper electrolytic cell and a method for using it to achieve electrolyte homogenization are provided, wherein multiple outlets are provided on both sides of the inlet pipe, and the discharge direction of the outlets is parallel to the bottom of the inside of the electrolytic cell.

[0012] According to the present invention, a copper electrolytic cell capable of achieving electrolyte homogenization and a method of use are provided. Both the air inlet pipe and the liquid inlet pipe are L-shaped structures. The vertical pipes in the L-shaped structure are arranged parallel to the inner wall of the electrolytic cell, and the horizontal pipes in the L-shaped structure are arranged parallel to the bottom end of the inner wall of the electrolytic cell. The height of the horizontal pipes on the air inlet pipe is lower than the height of the horizontal pipes on the liquid inlet pipe. Multiple porous baffles are installed on the air inlet pipe. Multiple small holes are opened on the surface of the porous baffles, and the diameter of the small holes is smaller than the diameter of the air bubbles.

[0013] According to the present invention, a copper electrolytic cell and a method for using it to achieve electrolyte homogenization are provided, wherein a gap is provided between adjacent anode plates and cathode plates, and the gas outlet is located directly below the gap.

[0014] According to the present invention, a copper electrolytic cell and a method for using it are provided, wherein a plurality of snap-fit ​​seats are fixedly connected to the bottom of the electrolytic cell, and a snap-fit ​​is fixedly connected to the air inlet pipe, and the snap-fit ​​is adapted to the snap-fit ​​seats; It also includes a cleaning tube, which has gas / liquid outlets on both sides.

[0015] A method for using a copper electrolytic cell that can achieve electrolyte homogenization includes the following steps: The electrolyte is poured into the bottom of the electrolytic cell through multiple inlet pipes until the electrolytic cell is full. Start the stirring assembly, which drives the gas circulation component to deliver gas through multiple stirring components to the electrolyte. The gas generates bubbles in the electrolyte and stirs the electrolyte. During the electrolysis process, the concentration of the electrolyte in the electrolytic cell is monitored in real time by a monitoring component, and the air intake parameters are adjusted in real time based on the monitored electrolyte concentration.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and technical effects: This invention provides a copper electrolytic cell and its usage method that can achieve electrolyte homogenization. During use, an inlet pipe delivers electrolyte into the electrolytic cell, while a stirrer introduces gas into the electrolyte to generate bubbles. These bubbles stir the electrolyte, homogenizing it. Simultaneously, additives added during the copper electrolysis process are typically pre-fused with the electrolyte after treatment before entering the electrolytic cell. Therefore, the stirring motion of the bubbles also stirs the additives, further homogenizing them. A monitoring component allows for real-time monitoring of the electrolyte concentration. This application, by introducing an integrated gas stirring and circulation system combined with real-time concentration monitoring, enables active and controllable stirring of the electrolyte, significantly improving the uniformity of the concentrations of various components within the electrolyte. This effectively inhibits dendrite growth, reduces impurity co-deposition, and ultimately leads to the stable production of cathode copper with a smooth surface, dense structure, and high purity. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly described below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort. Figure 1 This is a frontal schematic diagram of the copper electrolytic cell of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a top-view schematic diagram of the copper electrolytic cell of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram illustrating how the rising bubbles drive the electrolyte circulation according to the present invention. Figure 4 This invention provides a schematic diagram of a bubble outlet with an oblique angle in the air inlet pipe. Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the intake pipe snap-fit ​​connection method of the present invention.

[0018] Among them, 101, anode plate; 102, cathode plate; 103, overflow box; 104, electrolytic cell; 105, electrolyte; 106, air inlet pipe; 107, liquid inlet pipe; 108, liquid outlet; 109, air outlet; 110, concentration sensor; 111, bubble; 112, gas collection hood; 113, gas filter; 114, flow regulating valve; 115, snap-fit ​​seat; 116, snap-fit; 117, cleaning pipe; 118, air / liquid outlet; 119, porous baffle; 120, guide plate; 121, gas composition sensor. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0021] Reference Figures 1-3 This invention provides a copper electrolytic cell capable of achieving electrolyte homogenization and a method of using it, comprising an electrolytic cell 104, wherein the electrolytic cell 104 is provided with a plurality of anode plates 101 and a plurality of cathode plates 102, and further comprising: Multiple liquid inlet pipes 107 are distributed axially inside the electrolytic cell 104, and the electrolyte 105 is filled into the electrolytic cell 104 from the bottom inside through the liquid inlet pipes 107. The stirring assembly includes a gas circulation component and multiple stirring components, which are distributed axially in the electrolytic cell 104. Each pair of stirring components is located on both sides of an inlet pipe 107. The stirring components are used to deliver gas to the electrolyte 105 in the electrolytic cell 104. The gas generates bubbles in the electrolyte 105 to stir the electrolyte 105. The gas circulation component is located at the top of the electrolytic cell 104. The monitoring component is installed on the inner wall of the electrolytic cell 104 to monitor the concentration of the electrolyte 105.

[0022] In one embodiment of the present invention, during use, the inlet pipe 107 delivers electrolyte into the electrolytic cell 104, and the agitator delivers gas into the electrolyte 105 to generate bubbles. The generated bubbles agitate the electrolyte 105, making the electrolyte homogenized. At the same time, the additives added in the copper electrolysis process are usually pre-fused with the electrolyte 105 after processing, and then enter the electrolytic cell 104 with the electrolyte 105. Therefore, the agitation of the bubbles can also agitate the additives, making them homogenized. The electrolyte concentration is monitored in real time by the set monitoring components.

[0023] As an optional implementation, the agitator includes an air inlet pipe 106, on which a plurality of air outlets 109 are provided, and the air outlets 109 are vented vertically upward.

[0024] In one embodiment of the present invention, air bubbles are delivered to the electrolyte 105 through the provided air outlet 109.

[0025] As an optional implementation, the gas circulation component includes a gas collecting hood 112, which is fixedly connected to the top of the electrolytic cell 104. The bottom end of the gas collecting hood 112 is connected to the inside of the electrolytic cell 104, and the side wall of the gas collecting hood 112 is connected to the inlet end of the inlet pipe 106.

[0026] In one embodiment of the present invention, a gas collecting hood 112 is provided on the upper part of the electrolytic cell 104 to collect the stirring gas introduced by the gas inlet pipe 106. The gas collecting hood 112 is upside down on the upper part of the electrolytic cell 104 and can be arranged as a single unit or a split structure according to the actual situation. The gas collecting hood 112 is placed after the inner electrode plate of the electrolytic cell 104 is installed. The gas collecting hood 112 has an observation port, which can clearly observe the internal situation of the electrolytic cell 104.

[0027] In one embodiment of the present invention, there are at least two sets of air inlet pipes 106, each controlled by a separate flow regulating valve 114, which allows for different air volumes to be introduced into different pipes, enabling various stirring processes. Depending on the process requirements, the number of pipes can be increased, or the single long pipe in this patent can be replaced with several short pipes, each controlled by a separate flow regulating valve 114, to achieve segmented bubble stirring effects in a single liquid inlet pipe, thus achieving precise and customized stirring.

[0028] As an optional implementation, the electrolytic cell 104 is provided with a gas filter 113. The input and output ends of the gas filter 113 are connected to the gas collection hood 112 and the gas inlet pipe 106, respectively. The gas collection hood 112 is provided with multiple guide plates 120 to guide the gas to converge towards the outlet of the gas collection hood 112. A gas composition sensor 121 is installed inside the gas collection hood 112 to monitor the sulfuric acid content in the collected circulating gas in real time.

[0029] In one embodiment of the present invention, the collected gas includes the introduced stirring gas and some impurity gases: hydrogen, oxygen, and acid mist. The gas filter 113 can collect and separate the gas. The separated impurity gases are discharged into the post-processing device. The stirring gas is connected to the inlet pipe 106 for recycling. The stirred gas after collection and filtration needs to be processed by a booster pump before flowing to the inlet pipe 106 to adjust the gas pressure, flow rate, and flow velocity, and control the bubble diameter and initial velocity at the bottom of the electrolytic cell 104.

[0030] As an optional implementation, the monitoring component includes a plurality of concentration sensors 110, which are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the electrolytic cell 104.

[0031] In one embodiment of the present invention, multiple concentration sensors 110 are installed at different positions and heights on the inner wall of the electrolytic cell 104 to detect the concentration of electrolyte 105 at different positions inside the electrolytic cell 104. The liquid delivery parameters of the liquid inlet pipe 107 and the gas delivery parameters of the gas inlet pipe 106 can be adjusted according to the detected values.

[0032] As an optional implementation, multiple outlets 108 are provided on both sides of the inlet pipe 107, and the discharge direction of the outlets 108 is parallel to the bottom of the electrolytic cell 104.

[0033] In one embodiment of the present invention, symmetrical liquid outlets 108 are reserved on both sides of the pipe, and the liquid outlets 108 are horizontally parallel to the bottom of the electrolytic cell 104. During the process of adding electrolyte 105, electrolyte 105 enters from the outer end of the pipe, enters the electrolytic cell 104 evenly after passing through the liquid inlet pipe 107, and after filling, it is collected from the top of the electrolytic cell 104 through the overflow box 103 and discharged to the outside, realizing the circulation of electrolyte 105 from top to bottom.

[0034] As an optional implementation, both the air inlet pipe 106 and the liquid inlet pipe 107 are L-shaped structures. The vertical pipes in the L-shaped structure are arranged parallel to the inner wall of the electrolytic cell 104, and the horizontal pipes in the L-shaped structure are arranged parallel to the bottom of the inner wall of the electrolytic cell 104. The height of the horizontal pipes on the air inlet pipe 106 is lower than the height of the horizontal pipes on the liquid inlet pipe 107. Multiple porous baffles 119 are installed on the air inlet pipe 106. Multiple small holes are opened on the surface of the porous baffles 119, and the diameter of the small holes is smaller than the diameter of the bubbles.

[0035] In one embodiment of the present invention, the vertical pipes of the air inlet pipe 106 and the liquid inlet pipe 107 are located on both sides of the electrolytic cell 104. In the horizontal pipes, the height of the air inlet pipe 106 is slightly lower than the height of the liquid inlet pipe 107, and it is close to both sides of the liquid inlet pipe 107. Multiple porous baffles 119 are installed at different positions on the air inlet pipe 106. The porous baffles 119 can pre-divide the electrolyte area before the bubbles enter the electrode area, preventing the bubbles from merging before entering the electrode. Several small holes are formed on the surface of the porous baffles 119, with the hole diameter smaller than the bubble diameter, which can guide and isolate the bubbles from merging, while not affecting the normal flow of the electrolyte 105 in the electrolytic cell 104. The bottom of the porous baffles 119 is provided with a hinge structure, which can adjust the angle according to the actual process requirements.

[0036] As an optional implementation, a gap is provided between adjacent anode plates 101 and cathode plates 102, and the air outlet 109 is located directly below the gap.

[0037] In one embodiment of the present invention, each air outlet 109 corresponds to the center of the distance between two adjacent anode plates 101 and cathode plates 102. The stirring gas is introduced from the air inlet pipe 106 and discharged from the air outlets 109 evenly arranged on the air inlet pipe 106. Under the action of surface tension, bubbles are formed and rise naturally upward under the action of buoyancy. During the rising process of the bubbles, the electrolyte around the bubbles moves, which plays a stirring role and makes the electrolyte in the electrolytic cell homogenized.

[0038] In one embodiment of the present invention, the structure of the air outlet of the air inlet pipe 106 can be adjusted according to process requirements, and changed to a guide-oriented oblique air outlet with an adjustable tilt angle and staggered arrangement. When the bubbles are ejected, they will generate a rotating and rising tangential force, and at the same time, the movement path of the bubbles can be extended, thereby improving the stirring effect to a certain extent.

[0039] As an alternative implementation, the diameter of the bubble is 0.7-0.8 times the gap distance between the anode plate 101 and the cathode plate 102.

[0040] In one embodiment of the present invention, the diameter of the bubble is 0.7-0.8 times the gap distance between the anode plate 101 and the cathode plate 102, so that the chemical reaction of the anode plate 101 and the cathode plate 102 can be affected while the bubble stirs the electrolyte.

[0041] In one embodiment of the present invention, a plurality of snap-fit ​​seats 115 are fixedly connected to the bottom of the electrolytic cell 104, and a snap-fit ​​116 is fixedly connected to the air inlet pipe 106, wherein the snap-fit ​​116 is adapted to the snap-fit ​​seat 115. It also includes a cleaning pipe 117, with air / liquid outlets 118 on both sides of the cleaning pipe 117.

[0042] In one embodiment of the present invention, multiple snap-fit ​​seats 115 are fixedly connected to the bottom of the electrolytic cell 104, and snap-fit ​​116 is fixedly connected to the air inlet pipe 106. During installation, simply align and press down; during disassembly, simply lift upwards. This facilitates the replacement of air inlet pipes 106 with different apertures, making it suitable for different production processes and convenient for replacement and maintenance when the pipe is blocked. Specifically, both the snap-fit ​​116 and snap-fit ​​seats 115 are made of corrosion-resistant material. The invention also includes a cleaning pipe 117, installed in the same way as the air inlet pipe 106. The cleaning pipe 117 has two air / liquid outlets 118 parallel to the bottom of the electrolytic cell 104 on both sides. When cleaning the electrolytic cell 104 is required, compressed air or liquid water can be introduced to assist in cleaning the anode mud at the bottom of the electrolytic cell 104.

[0043] A method for using a copper electrolytic cell that can achieve electrolyte homogenization includes the following steps: Electrolyte 105 is poured into the bottom of the electrolytic cell 104 through multiple inlet pipes 107 until the electrolytic cell 104 is full. Start the stirring assembly, which drives the gas circulation component to deliver gas through multiple stirring components to the electrolyte 105. The gas generates bubbles in the electrolyte 105 and stirs the electrolyte 105. During the electrolysis process, the concentration of electrolyte 105 in electrolytic cell 104 is monitored in real time by a monitoring component, and the air intake parameters are adjusted in real time based on the monitored electrolyte concentration.

[0044] In one embodiment of the present invention, the gas being transported is argon or nitrogen.

[0045] In one embodiment of the present invention, the gas is selected as a gas that does not react with the electrolyte, such as argon or nitrogen.

[0046] Specifically, gases that enhance process upgrades and promote cathode copper production can also be introduced.

[0047] In one embodiment of the present invention, the parameters of the inlet pipe 106 and the gas introduced are set according to the size data of the starting plate and the arrangement of the electrolytic cell 104.

[0048] The distance between adjacent cathode plates 102 and anode plates 101 is called the electrode distance. That is, the adjacent distance between the air outlets 109 of the air inlet pipe 106 is Each of the 109 air outlets is positioned directly opposite the center of the polar distance.

[0049] A gas that does not react with the electrolyte 105 is introduced into the bottom of the electrolytic cell 104 through the inlet pipe 106. This gas can be argon, nitrogen, or similar. The introduced gas will naturally form bubbles 111 under the influence of liquid pressure and surface tension. These bubbles 111 can be theoretically deduced as spheres. Let b1 be the bubble just generated at the bottom of the electrolytic cell 104, and b2 be the bubble rising to the surface of the electrolyte. The diameters of these bubbles are respectively... , The diameter of the air outlet 109 on the air inlet pipe 106 is When bubble b1 is initially generated on the surface of the air intake pipe 106, the buoyancy at that instant can be considered equal to the surface tension.

[0050] Buoyancy = ; Surface tension = ; in: , where is the diameter of bubble b1; , is the acceleration due to gravity; Electrolyte density, taken as 1.2 g / cm³ 3 ; The gas density for argon is 1.78 g / cm³. 3 Nitrogen gas concentration: 1.25 g / cm³ 3 ; , is the diameter of the air outlet on the air inlet pipe; , where is the surface tension of the gas and liquid, taken as 55 mN / m in an argon environment and 85 mN / m in a nitrogen environment.

[0051] Buoyancy = Surface tension. Simplifying the above equation, we get: ; The bubble b1 generated at the bottom of the electrolyte will rise due to buoyancy. During the rise, the pressure of the electrolyte 105 gradually decreases, and the volume and diameter of the bubble 111 will gradually increase.

[0052] Boyle's Law: ; Pressure formula: ; Bubble volume formula: ; in: This is the pressure at the bottom of the electrolytic cell; , is the surface pressure of the electrolyte, which is equal to atmospheric pressure, and is taken as 101325 Pa; , where is the diameter of bubble b1; , where is the diameter of bubble b2; Electrolyte density, taken as 1.2 g / cm³ 3 ; , is the acceleration due to gravity; , where is the depth of the electrolytic cell; Combining the above formulas, we can obtain: ; By combining the equations, we can obtain: ; ; When bubble 111 rises in the liquid, it is affected by buoyancy, resistance, and gravity, among which the gravity of bubble 111 is negligible. The process of bubble 111 forming and rising in electrolytic cell 104 is actually that it is first accelerated under the action of buoyancy. As the speed increases, the resistance of electrolyte 105 to bubble 111 and buoyancy reach a balance, and then it rises at a constant speed.

[0053] The velocity of bubble b2 at position b on the surface of electrolyte 105 is buoyancy is The resistance is .

[0054] The buoyant force exerted by the liquid on bubble 111 is equal to the weight of the displaced liquid, i.e. ; ; in: Electrolyte density; , where is the diameter of bubble b2; , which is the acceleration due to gravity.

[0055] By combining the equations, we can obtain: ; The resistance of a liquid to a bubble can be calculated using the following formula: ; ; in: , is the drag coefficient, taken as 0.44 in turbulent conditions; , where is the surface area facing the airflow during the bubble's ascent, i.e., the cross-sectional area of ​​the bubble.

[0056] By combining the equations, we can obtain: ; make ; By combining the equations, we can obtain: ; According to this formula, the rising speed of bubble 111 in electrolyte 105 is directly proportional to the diameter of bubble 111, that is: ; It can be known that: ; In one embodiment of the present invention, the gas introduced into the bottom of the electrolytic cell 104 is argon. The depth of the electrolytic cell 104 is 1.2m, the electrode spacing D between the starting plates is 95mm, and the optimal bubble diameter is between 0.7 and 0.8 times the electrolyte diameter. Calculations show that the optimal bubble diameter is between 66.5 and 76mm, and the midpoint of 72mm is taken as the target bubble diameter. The diameter of this bubble 111 is the maximum diameter at the surface of the electrolyte 105, i.e. Substituting into the above equation, we get: Air intake pipe outlet diameter : Electrolytic cell 104 bottom bubble diameter : ; The velocity of bubble b2 on the upper surface of electrolyte 105 : ; The speed at which bubbles b1 are just formed at the bottom of electrolyte 105 : ; Guided by the above formula, an air inlet pipe 106 is arranged at the bottom of the electrolytic cell 104. Several air outlets 109 are opened on the air inlet pipe 106, with a diameter of 11.7 mm. The generated bubbles 111 have an initial diameter of 69 mm and an initial velocity of 1.43 m / s. As the bubbles 111 rise, their volume increases and their velocity increases. When they reach the surface of the electrolyte 105, the diameter of the bubbles is 72 mm and their velocity is 1.46 m / s. The rising bubbles 111 stir the electrolyte 105, causing the electrolyte 105 to circulate within the electrolytic cell 104, thus improving the concentration uniformity of the electrolyte 105 at various locations.

[0057] Several concentration sensors 110 are installed within the same electrolytic cell 104 to detect the concentrations of copper ions, sulfuric acid, and additives in the electrolyte 105. The sensors are installed at six locations within the electrolytic cell, covering the upper, middle, and lower layers. Three batches of production were conducted under the same cathode copper electrolysis process, with and without ventilation, to obtain concentration data at each location. The data were processed, averaged, and the differences were calculated. The results are as follows: Table 1 Table 2 The comparison of collected data shows that the electrolytic cell structure proposed in this invention can improve the uniformity of the electrolyte 105 in various positions within the electrolytic cell 104, improve the product quality of cathode copper, and enhance the process stability of cathode copper production.

[0058] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this invention, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this invention.

[0059] The embodiments described above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Various modifications and improvements made by those skilled in the art to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit of the present invention should fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A copper electrolytic cell capable of achieving electrolyte homogenization, comprising an electrolytic cell (104), wherein the electrolytic cell (104) is provided with a plurality of anode plates (101) and a plurality of cathode plates (102), characterized in that, Also includes: Multiple inlet pipes (107) are distributed axially inside the electrolytic cell (104), and electrolyte (105) is poured into the electrolytic cell (104) from the bottom inside through the inlet pipes (107). The stirring assembly includes a gas circulation component and multiple stirring components, which are distributed axially within the electrolytic cell (104). Each pair of stirring components is located on both sides of an inlet pipe (107). The stirring components are used to deliver gas to the electrolyte (105) in the electrolytic cell (104). The gas generates bubbles in the electrolyte (105) to stir the electrolyte (105). The gas circulation component is located at the top of the electrolytic cell (104). A monitoring component is disposed on the inner wall of the electrolytic cell (104) for monitoring the concentration of the electrolyte (105).

2. The copper electrolytic cell capable of achieving electrolyte homogenization according to claim 1, characterized in that: The stirring component includes an air inlet pipe (106), on which a plurality of air outlets (109) are provided, and the air outlets (109) are vented vertically upward.

3. A copper electrolytic cell capable of achieving electrolyte homogenization according to claim 2, characterized in that: The gas circulation component includes a gas collecting hood (112), which is fixedly connected to the top of the electrolytic cell (104). The bottom of the gas collecting hood (112) is connected to the interior of the electrolytic cell (104), and the side wall of the gas collecting hood (112) is connected to the inlet end of the inlet pipe (106).

4. A copper electrolytic cell capable of achieving electrolyte homogenization according to claim 3, characterized in that: The electrolytic cell (104) is equipped with a gas filter (113). The input and output ends of the gas filter (113) are connected to the gas collection hood (112) and the gas inlet pipe (106) respectively. The gas collection hood (112) is equipped with multiple guide plates (120) to guide the gas to converge towards the outlet of the gas collection hood (112). The gas collection hood (112) is equipped with a gas composition sensor (121) to monitor the sulfuric acid content in the collected circulating gas in real time.

5. A copper electrolytic cell capable of achieving electrolyte homogenization according to claim 1, characterized in that: The monitoring component includes multiple concentration sensors (110) which are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the electrolytic cell (104).

6. A copper electrolytic cell capable of achieving electrolyte homogenization according to claim 3, characterized in that: Multiple outlets (108) are provided on both sides of the inlet pipe (107), and the discharge direction of the outlets (108) is parallel to the bottom of the electrolytic cell (104).

7. A copper electrolytic cell capable of achieving electrolyte homogenization according to claim 6, characterized in that: Both the air inlet pipe (106) and the liquid inlet pipe (107) are L-shaped structures. The vertical pipes in the L-shaped structure are arranged parallel to the inner wall of the electrolytic cell (104), and the horizontal pipes in the L-shaped structure are arranged parallel to the bottom of the inner wall of the electrolytic cell (104). The height of the horizontal pipes on the air inlet pipe (106) is lower than the height of the horizontal pipes on the liquid inlet pipe (107). Multiple porous baffles (119) are installed on the air inlet pipe (106). Multiple small holes are opened on the surface of the porous baffles (119), and the diameter of the small holes is smaller than the diameter of the bubbles.

8. A copper electrolytic cell capable of achieving electrolyte homogenization according to claim 2, characterized in that: A gap is provided between adjacent anode plates (101) and cathode plates (102), and the air outlet (109) is located directly below the gap.

9. A copper electrolytic cell capable of achieving electrolyte homogenization according to claim 2, characterized in that: The bottom of the electrolytic cell (104) is fixedly connected with a plurality of snap-fit ​​seats (115), and the air inlet pipe (106) is fixedly connected with a snap-fit ​​(116), the snap-fit ​​(116) being adapted to the snap-fit ​​seats (115); It also includes a cleaning pipe (117), on both sides of which are provided gas / liquid outlets (118).

10. A method of using a copper electrolytic cell capable of achieving electrolyte homogenization, applicable to the copper electrolytic cell capable of achieving electrolyte homogenization as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Electrolyte (105) is poured into the bottom of the electrolytic cell (104) through multiple inlet pipes (107) until the electrolytic cell (104) is full. Start the stirring assembly, so that the gas circulation component drives the gas to be delivered to the electrolyte (105) through multiple stirring components. The gas generates bubbles in the electrolyte (105) and stirs the electrolyte (105). During the electrolysis process, the concentration of electrolyte (105) in the electrolytic cell (104) is monitored in real time by the monitoring component, and the air intake parameters are adjusted in real time based on the monitored electrolyte concentration.

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