A dam flood discharge device and a flood discharge method thereof

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of dam flood discharge device and its flood discharge method, including siphon mechanism and control mechanism, siphon mechanism includes drain pipe, suction pump and water level monitoring module;Control mechanism includes central controller, central controller is electrically connected with suction pump, water level monitoring module is signal connected with central controller;Wherein, the water inlet end of drain pipe is located in dam water side, and simultaneously below normal water level, water outlet end is located in dam backwater side;Suction pump is sealed and communicated on drain pipe, water level monitoring module is located in the water inlet end of drain pipe.The present application can automatically output control instruction according to dam real-time water level signal, accurately regulate and control suction pump start-stop operation, without manual field operation intervention throughout.To this end, siphon flood discharge process is automatically triggered, stable operation and intelligent shutdown, effectively avoid manual operation lag, misoperation and other problems, significantly reduce flood season dam manual inspection guard pressure.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of flood discharge technology for dikes, specifically to a flood discharge device for dikes and a flood discharge method thereof. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of water conservancy engineering, dikes are the core facilities for flood control and disaster reduction, and their flood discharge capacity is directly related to the safety of life and property of the surrounding people. Currently, existing dikes mostly use traditional siphon flood discharge devices or mechanical pump direct discharge devices to discharge excess water accumulated on the upstream side of the dike, avoiding the risk of dike failure due to excessively high water levels. Traditional siphon flood discharge devices mainly rely on the liquid level difference of the siphon pipe itself to achieve water diversion. They are simple in structure and low in cost, and are widely used in small and medium-sized dikes. However, such devices have obvious drawbacks: First, the siphon start-up efficiency is low, requiring manual assistance to vent air or waiting for the natural liquid level difference to reach a critical value before starting, making it impossible to achieve rapid flood discharge; second, it requires real-time monitoring of the water level and manual operation to start and stop the flood discharge equipment, which is not only labor-intensive but also prone to delays in flood discharge due to untimely manual operation, leading to safety hazards. While mechanical pump direct discharge flood discharge devices can solve the problem of slow siphon start-up, they have drawbacks such as high energy consumption and high operating costs. Moreover, the pump body is prone to wear and failure after long-term operation. Once the pump body fails, the flood discharge capacity will be completely lost, resulting in poor reliability.

[0003] Authorization Announcement Number: CN222948941U, Application Date: 2024.08.19, Utility Model Name: A Siphon-Type Flood Discharge Device Suitable for Saline-Alkali Soil Dikes. This siphon-type flood discharge device for saline-alkali soil dikes includes a first pipe, a second pipe, a third pipe, and a fourth pipe connected in sequence. The first pipe is located on the dam slope on one side of the water body, with one end buried below the water surface as an inlet, and a one-way valve is installed at the inlet. The second pipe is shallowly buried below the dam soil layer and above the water surface, and is equipped with an injection valve and an exhaust port. The third pipe is located on the dam slope on one side of the flood discharge area. The end of the fourth pipe serves as an outlet, with an outlet valve installed at the outlet. The elevation of the outlet is lower than that of the inlet. This utility model can achieve active flood discharge without damaging the dam structure, is low in cost, uses readily available raw materials, has a simple structure, and is easy to operate, making it a controllable and routine flood discharge device.

[0004] The aforementioned existing technology requires manual opening and closing of the exhaust port and manual activation of the water pump to assist in the formation of the siphon. It cannot automatically start flood discharge when the flood rises, resulting in a delayed response and poor emergency timeliness. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the shortcomings of the existing flood discharge technology, such as delayed response and the need for manual monitoring and intervention, the purpose of this invention is to provide a dam flood discharge device that automatically opens and closes the siphon process without manual intervention.

[0006] The technical solution provided by this invention is: a flood discharge device for dams, comprising, A siphon mechanism, comprising a drain pipe, a suction pump, and a water level monitoring module; The control mechanism includes a central controller, which is electrically connected to the suction pump, and the water level monitoring module is signal-connected to the central controller. The inlet of the drain pipe is located on the upstream side of the dam and is below the normal water level, while the outlet is located on the downstream side of the dam. The suction pump is sealed and connected to the drain pipe, and the water level monitoring module is located at the inlet of the drain pipe.

[0007] Furthermore, the middle section of the drain pipe is inverted U-shaped, including, The front pipe is located on the water-facing side of the dam; Rear pipe, the rear pipe being located on the backwater side of the dam; A connecting pipe is provided, which connects the front pipe and the rear pipe; the suction pump is connected to the connecting pipe; the radius of curvature at the connection between the connecting pipe and the front and rear pipes is not less than 3 times the diameter of the drain pipe.

[0008] Furthermore, the drain pipe also includes an inlet pipe and an outlet pipe located at both ends; the inlet pipe is connected to the front end of the front pipe, and the outlet pipe is connected to the rear end of the rear pipe; the inlet pipe is located at a position not less than 15cm below the normal water level.

[0009] Furthermore, the radius of curvature at the connection between the inlet pipe and the front pipe is not less than three times the diameter of the drain pipe; the radius of curvature at the connection between the rear pipe and the outlet pipe is not less than three times the diameter of the drain pipe.

[0010] Furthermore, the water level monitoring module includes a laser rangefinder, which is mounted on the water inlet pipe.

[0011] Furthermore, the control mechanism also includes an alarm module, which is electrically connected to the central controller, and the alarm module includes a buzzer and / or an LED light.

[0012] Furthermore, the central controller is preset with a water level threshold and a water level rise rate threshold; the laser rangefinder is used to collect real-time water level signals and water level rise rate signals and transmit them to the central controller.

[0013] Furthermore, the device also includes a backup drain pipe, and the suction pump is connected to the backup drain pipe via a second solenoid valve; the second solenoid valve is used to control the opening and closing of the backup drain pipe.

[0014] Furthermore, a flow sensor is installed on the outlet pipe. The flow sensor is connected to the central controller for collecting the flow signal in the outlet pipe and transmitting it to the central controller. The central controller has a preset flow value. The central controller is connected to the second solenoid valve, which is used to control the on / off connection between the suction pump and the backup drain pipe.

[0015] Furthermore, the backup drainage pipe includes a backup outlet pipe located on the backwater side of the dam; The outlet pipe is equipped with a first valve at its end, and the standby outlet pipe is equipped with a second valve at its end; both the first valve and the second valve are connected to the central controller via signal.

[0016] A method for flood discharge from a dam includes the following steps: S1, the water level monitoring module collects the water level height signal and water level rise rate signal on the upstream side of the dam in real time and transmits them to the central controller; S2. The central controller compares the real-time water level rise rate with a preset water level rise rate threshold. When the water level rise rate reaches the threshold and the water level is less than 30cm from the warning line, the central controller automatically starts the suction pump; or... The central controller compares the real-time water level with the preset water level threshold. When the water level reaches the threshold, the central controller automatically starts the suction pump. The suction pump draws air out of the drain pipe to create negative pressure, triggering a siphon effect, and the suction pump stops working; the water flows from the water-facing side to the water-repellent side through the drain pipe to achieve automatic flood discharge. S3. During the flood discharge process, the flow sensor monitors the flow rate in the discharge pipe and sends the feedback to the central controller; S4. When the flow rate in the drain pipe is lower than the preset flow rate in the central controller, the central controller controls the second solenoid valve to open and starts the backup drain pipe to discharge floodwater in coordination. S5. When the water level drops to 30cm below the warning line, the siphon effect ends and the flood discharge ends.

[0017] Furthermore, in step S2, the central controller performs fusion filtering on the dual-channel data collected by the laser rangefinder and ultrasonic level gauge of the water level monitoring module, and outputs accurate water level height and water level rise rate.

[0018] Furthermore, in step S2, When the rate of water level rise reaches the threshold and the water level is less than 30cm from the warning line, a Level 1 warning is triggered, and the alarm module will issue a warning with slow flashing lights and intermittent buzzer sounds. When the water level reaches the warning level, a level-two warning is triggered. The alarm module will issue a rapid flashing light and a continuous buzzer warning, and the backup drain pipe will be activated simultaneously.

[0019] Furthermore, when the suction pump starts, the central controller simultaneously closes the first valve of the drain pipe and the second valve of the standby drain pipe, creating negative pressure inside the pipe; after the siphon stabilizes, the central controller controls the end valve to open.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the technical solution provided by this invention has the following advantages: (1) The present invention includes a control mechanism, which has a built-in central controller. The central controller is electrically connected to the suction pump and can automatically output control commands according to the real-time water level signal of the dam, and accurately regulate the start and stop of the suction pump operation without the need for manual on-site operation intervention. In this way, the siphon flood discharge process can be fully automatically triggered, stably operated and intelligently shut down, effectively avoiding problems such as lag and misoperation of manual operation, significantly reducing the pressure of manual inspection and guard duty of the dam during the flood season, and improving the efficiency of flood discharge emergency response and the level of intelligent operation.

[0021] (2) The present invention rapidly extracts air from the pipe by a suction pump, which can form a stable negative pressure in a short time and trigger the siphon effect instantly. After the siphon is formed, it automatically and continuously discharges floodwaters by relying solely on the water level difference. There is no need for the suction pump to run continuously, thus achieving efficient flood discharge without power. The overall energy consumption is much lower than that of traditional mechanical pump direct discharge flood discharge devices, which greatly reduces the energy consumption and operating costs during the flood season, while also reducing pump wear and extending the service life of the device.

[0022] (3) The present invention relies on flow sensors to monitor the flood discharge flow in real time and feed the signal back to the central controller. When the main discharge pipe is blocked, damaged or has insufficient flood discharge capacity, the system can automatically identify and quickly activate the backup discharge pipe. The main and backup pipelines can operate independently or cooperate to discharge floods, forming a dual flood discharge guarantee, effectively avoiding flood discharge interruption due to single pipeline failure, and significantly improving the reliability of flood discharge and the safety redundancy of the dam under extreme flood conditions. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the device in one embodiment of this application; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram showing the positional relationship between the siphon mechanism and the standby siphon mechanism in one embodiment of this application; Figure 3 As one embodiment of this application Figure 2 Enlarged view of a portion of node A in the middle; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the suction pump structure in one embodiment of this application; Figure 5 As one embodiment of this application Figure 4 Enlarged view of a portion of node B; Figure 6 This is a structural diagram of the drain pipe and the backup drain pipe in one embodiment of this application; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the control mechanism structure in one embodiment of this application; Figure 8 This is a flowchart of a flood discharge process in one embodiment of this application.

[0024] Explanation of the labels in the diagram: Drain pipe 11, inlet pipe 110, front pipe 111, rear pipe 112, connecting pipe 113, outlet pipe 114, first trash rack 1101, first valve 1141; suction pump 12; water level monitoring module 13, laser rangefinder 131, ultrasonic water level gauge 132; Control mechanism 2; Central controller 20; Alarm module 21; Buzzer 211; LED light 212; Battery 22; Backup drain pipe 31, backup inlet pipe 310, backup front pipe 311, backup rear pipe 312, backup connecting pipe 313, backup outlet pipe 314, second trash rack 3101, second valve 3141; Flow sensor 4. Detailed Implementation

[0025] To further understand the content of this invention, a detailed description of the invention will be provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0026] The structures, proportions, and sizes illustrated in the accompanying drawings are merely for illustrative purposes and to aid those skilled in the art in understanding and reading the invention. They are not intended to limit the scope of the invention and therefore have no substantial technical significance. Any modifications to the structure, changes in proportions, or adjustments to size, without affecting the effectiveness and purpose of the invention, should still fall within the scope of the technical content disclosed herein. Furthermore, terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," "right," and "middle" used in this specification are merely for clarity and not intended to limit the scope of implementation. Changes or adjustments to their relative relationships, without substantially altering the technical content, should also be considered within the scope of the invention's implementation.

[0027] Example 1 The present application discloses a dam flood discharge device, which includes a siphon mechanism, a control mechanism 2, a backup siphon mechanism, and a flow sensor 4.

[0028] The siphon mechanism includes a drain pipe 11, a suction pump 12, and a water level monitoring module 13. The inlet of the drain pipe 11 is located on the upstream side of the dam and is always below the normal water level to ensure continuous water collection for flood discharge operations. The outlet is located on the downstream side of the dam to divert the water to a safe area.

[0029] The suction pump 12 is sealed and connected to the drain pipe 11 to ensure the sealing of the drain pipe 11 and prevent water or air leakage from affecting the siphon effect. The water level monitoring module 13 is installed at the water inlet of the drain pipe 11 and can directly and accurately monitor the real-time water level and the rate of water level rise at the water inlet.

[0030] The control mechanism 2 includes a central controller 20, which is electrically connected to the suction pump 12. The central controller 20 can directly output electrical signals to control the start and stop of the suction pump 12 without manual intervention, thus achieving automatic start and stop of the siphon process and significantly reducing the labor intensity of manual operation. Simultaneously, the water level monitoring module 13 is signal-connected to the central controller 20, enabling real-time transmission of data such as water level height and water level rise rate to the central controller 20. The central controller 20 then performs real-time analysis and processing of the received data.

[0031] As an optional embodiment, the water level monitoring module 13 includes a laser rangefinder 131 and an ultrasonic water level gauge 132, which work together to further improve the accuracy and reliability of water level monitoring.

[0032] The laser rangefinder 131 is installed at the inlet end of the drain pipe 11. Its measurement range is set to 0~100cm and its measurement accuracy can reach 1mm, which can accurately capture subtle changes in the water level at the inlet end. The ultrasonic water level gauge 132 is located above the drain pipe. Its measurement range is set to 0~120cm and its measurement accuracy is ±2mm. It can complement the laser rangefinder 131 to avoid monitoring failure caused by the failure of a single monitoring component.

[0033] After receiving real-time water level data transmitted from the laser rangefinder 131 and the ultrasonic water level gauge 132, the central controller 20 performs fusion calculation and comprehensive analysis on the two sets of water level values ​​and the corresponding water level rise rate. When the calculated water level value reaches or exceeds the preset warning water level, the central controller 20 will immediately trigger a control command to automatically start the suction pump 12. Alternatively, if the water level rise rate is too fast, for example, not less than 2 cm / min, and the water level is less than 30 cm from the warning line, the central controller 20 will also immediately trigger a control command to automatically start the suction pump 12.

[0034] In other words, the working principle of this device is as follows: during daily operation, the water level monitoring module 13 continuously monitors the water level on the water-facing side of the dam in real time, simultaneously collects two core parameters, water level height and water level rise rate, and transmits the monitoring data to the central controller 20 in real time.

[0035] The central controller 20 has preset water level threshold (i.e., warning water level) and water level rise rate threshold. When an abnormal water level or water level rise rate is detected, the central controller 20 will immediately start the suction pump 12.

[0036] After the suction pump 12 is started, it pumps air out of the inside of the drain pipe 11, quickly expelling the air inside the pipe and creating a stable negative pressure environment inside the drain pipe 11. This triggers the siphon effect, allowing the water on the upstream side of the dam to flow automatically to the downstream side through the drain pipe 11, thus achieving automatic flood discharge and effectively curbing the continuous rise of the water level.

[0037] It is worth noting that the normal water level mentioned in this application refers to the stable water level maintained by the water body on the upstream side of the dam under normal hydrological conditions (without rainstorms, floods, or other abnormal situations). Its height is pre-set according to the design standards of the dam, the surrounding hydrological environment, and flood control requirements to ensure that the inlet end of the spillway pipe 11 can be underwater for a long time, ensuring that the flood discharge device is always available.

[0038] The warning water level refers to the upper limit of the safe water level that a dam can withstand. When the water level reaches this threshold, the dam faces the risk of collapse, and flood discharge operations must be started immediately. The setting of the warning water level needs to be determined after professional calculation, taking into account the structural strength of the dam, the flood control level, and the safety needs of the surrounding protected areas. It is the core judgment basis for the central controller 20 to start automatic flood discharge.

[0039] More specifically, such as Figure 6 As shown, the middle section of the spillway 11 is designed with an inverted U-shaped structure. This structure can effectively utilize the liquid level difference to create a siphon effect, thereby improving flood discharge efficiency. The middle section of the spillway 11 specifically includes three parts: the front pipe 111, the rear pipe 112, and the connecting pipe 113. The front pipe 111 is located on the upstream side of the dam, and the rear pipe 112 is located on the downstream side of the dam, used to divert water from the inverted U-shaped structure to the downstream side.

[0040] The drainage pipe 11 also includes an inlet pipe 110 and an outlet pipe 114 located at both ends. The inlet pipe 110 is connected to the front end of the front pipe 111. The front end of the inlet pipe 110 extends into the water body on the water-facing side of the dam for stable water body collection. The laser rangefinder 131 is located above the inlet pipe 110.

[0041] The outlet pipe 114 is connected to the rear end of the rear pipe 112. The end of the outlet pipe 114 is equipped with a flow sensor 4, which is connected to the central controller 20 for real-time acquisition of the water flow signal in the drain pipe 11 and synchronous transmission of the acquired flow signal to the central controller 20. The central controller 20 has a preset flow value. When the flow in the drain pipe 11 is less than the design flow value in the central controller (for example, less than 0.5 times the design value), the central controller 20 controls the start of the backup siphon mechanism.

[0042] The backup siphon mechanism includes a backup drain pipe 31, which can operate simultaneously with the main drain pipe 11 to ensure that the flood discharge meets flood control requirements and prevent the water level from rising continuously due to insufficient flow in the main drain pipe. The drain pipe 31 can also operate independently in case the main drain pipe 11 becomes blocked.

[0043] As an optional embodiment, a flexible hose is sealed between the drain pipe 11 and the suction pump 12. The flexible hose is arranged outside the drain pipe 11, and a first solenoid valve is installed inside the flexible hose. The first solenoid valve is signal-connected to and controlled by the central controller 20. When it is necessary to start the backup drain pipe 31, the central controller 20 controls the first solenoid valve to close, blocking the connection between the suction pump 12 and the drain pipe 11, and at the same time opening the connection between the suction pump 12 and the backup drain pipe 31. This switching process does not affect the overall siphon state already formed by the drain pipe 11, ensuring the continuous and stable flood discharge of the main drain pipe.

[0044] At the same time, such as Figure 4 , Figure 5 As shown, a first valve 1141 is also provided at the end of the outlet pipe 114. The first valve 1141 is connected to the central controller 20 via signal. Specifically, when the water level monitoring module 13 detects an abnormal water level, the central controller 20 will simultaneously send a control signal to the first valve 1141 to control the first valve 1141 to close, thereby cutting off the connection between the drain pipe 11 and the outside air, ensuring that an effective negative pressure can be formed inside the drain pipe 11 when the suction pump 12 is working, and ensuring that the siphon effect can be started smoothly and operated stably.

[0045] As the siphon effect begins to form, the central controller 20 outputs an electrical signal to shut off the suction pump 12 and simultaneously open the first valve 1141, allowing water to be stably discharged through the drain pipe 11 to the back side of the dam, ensuring a smooth and efficient flood discharge process.

[0046] Connecting pipe 113 connects the front pipe 111 and the rear pipe 112, forming a complete inverted U-shaped flow channel. The suction pump 12 is connected to connecting pipe 113, allowing for air extraction within the pipe to quickly create negative pressure and assist in siphon startup. To reduce water flow resistance and prevent water from stagnating and creating eddies at bends, the radius of curvature at the connection points of connecting pipe 113 with the front and rear pipes 111 and 112 is no less than three times the diameter of the drain pipe 11. Similarly, the radius of curvature at the connection point of inlet pipe 110 with the front pipe 111 is no less than three times the diameter of the drain pipe 11, and the radius of curvature at the connection point of the rear pipe 112 with the outlet pipe 114 is also no less than three times the diameter of the drain pipe 11. This ensures smooth water flow.

[0047] As an optional embodiment, the water inlet pipe 110 is located at least 15cm below the normal water level, which can effectively prevent debris from entering the water inlet pipe 110 and reduce the risk of pipe blockage.

[0048] like Figure 3 As shown, a first debris screen 1101 is provided at the water inlet of the inlet pipe 110 to further intercept solid debris and floating objects in the water, prevent debris from entering the inlet pipe 110 and subsequent drainage pipes, avoid pipe blockage affecting flood discharge efficiency, and also protect core components such as the suction pump 12 from wear by debris, thus extending the service life of the device.

[0049] Example 2 Based on Embodiment 1 above, this embodiment provides a detailed description of the backup siphon mechanism to further improve the flood discharge reliability and redundancy guarantee capability of the device.

[0050] Specifically, the backup siphon mechanism includes a backup drain pipe 31. The suction pump 12 is connected to the backup drain pipe 31 through a second solenoid valve. The core function of the second solenoid valve is to control the on / off state of the suction pump and the backup drain pipe 31, thereby enabling the siphon of the backup drain pipe 31 to start and stop.

[0051] It is worth noting that the second solenoid valve is signal-connected to the central controller 20 and is under the unified control of the central controller 20. When only flood discharge is needed through the drain pipe 11, the first solenoid valve is open (it can be closed after the siphon is formed in the drain pipe 11), and the second solenoid valve is closed; when auxiliary flood discharge is needed through the backup drain pipe 31, the first solenoid valve is closed, and the second solenoid valve is open (it can be closed after the siphon is formed in the backup drain pipe 31).

[0052] To ensure compatibility with the structure of the main discharge pipe 11 and to ensure a stable siphon effect can be quickly formed during standby flood discharge, the middle section of the standby discharge pipe 31 is also designed as an inverted U-shaped structure, which specifically includes three parts: the standby front pipe 311, the standby rear pipe 312, and the standby connecting pipe 313.

[0053] Among them, the spare front pipe 311 is arranged on the water-facing side of the dam, parallel to the front pipe 111 of the main discharge pipe 11, and the spare rear pipe 312 is arranged on the back side of the dam, parallel to the rear pipe 112 of the main discharge pipe 11, so as to facilitate the diversion of water in the spare discharge pipe 31 to the safe area on the back side.

[0054] The backup drain pipe 31 also includes a backup inlet pipe 310 and a backup outlet pipe 314 located at both ends. The backup inlet pipe 310 is connected to the front end of the backup front pipe 311, and the front end of the backup inlet pipe 310 extends into the water body on the water-facing side of the dam to ensure continuous and stable water collection. The backup outlet pipe 314 is connected to the rear end of the backup rear pipe 312, and the backup outlet pipe 314 is equipped with a second valve 3141 at its end. The second valve 3141 is connected to the central controller 20 and is precisely controlled by the central controller 20.

[0055] The front end of the backup water inlet pipe 310 is equipped with a second debris barrier 3101 to further intercept solid debris and floating objects in the water, preventing debris from entering the backup water inlet pipe 310 and subsequent drainage pipes.

[0056] When the water flow velocity in the discharge pipe 11 is too slow (i.e., the flow rate is less than the preset flow rate value), or the water level rise rate on the upstream side of the dam is too fast (exceeding the preset rise rate threshold), and the main discharge pipe cannot meet the flood discharge demand, the central controller 20 will simultaneously trigger the backup flood discharge control command: on the one hand, it controls the second solenoid valve to open, so that the backup discharge pipe 31 and the suction pump 12 are connected; on the other hand, the central controller 20 will send a control signal to the second valve 3141 to close the second valve 3141, thereby cutting off the connection between the backup discharge pipe 31 and the outside air, ensuring that when the suction pump 12 is working, the backup discharge pipe 31 can quickly form an effective negative pressure, ensuring that the siphon effect starts smoothly and operates stably, realizing the coordinated flood discharge of the main and backup discharge pipes, and further improving the flood prevention and disaster reduction capabilities of the device.

[0057] The spare connecting pipe 313 connects the spare front pipe 311 and the spare rear pipe 312 to form a complete inverted U-shaped flow channel. The suction pump 12 is connected to the spare connecting pipe 313 and can pump air into the spare connecting pipe 313 to quickly form a negative pressure and assist in siphon start-up.

[0058] As the siphon effect begins to form, the central controller 20 outputs an electrical signal to shut off the suction pump 12 and simultaneously open the second valve 3141, allowing water to be stably discharged to the back side of the dam through the backup drain pipe 31, ensuring a smooth and efficient flood discharge process.

[0059] To reduce water flow resistance and prevent water from stagnating and creating eddies at bends, the radius of curvature at the connection points of the spare connecting pipe 313 with the spare front pipe 311 and the spare rear pipe 312 shall not be less than three times the diameter of the spare drain pipe 31; the radius of curvature at the connection point of the spare inlet pipe 310 with the spare front pipe 311 shall not be less than three times the diameter of the spare drain pipe 31; and the radius of curvature at the connection point of the spare rear pipe 312 with the spare outlet pipe 314 shall not be less than three times the diameter of the spare drain pipe 31. This ensures smooth water flow.

[0060] In addition, the control mechanism 2 also includes an alarm module 21, which is electrically connected to the central controller 20. Its core components include a buzzer 211 and / or an LED light 212, used to issue a warning when the water level is abnormal. Specifically, this device is equipped with a two-level early warning mechanism, combining water level and flow conditions to achieve tiered alarms: Level 1 warning: When the rate of water level rise reaches the threshold of water level rise rate in the central controller 20 and the water level is less than 30cm from the warning line, the level 1 warning is triggered and the alarm module 21 is activated. Specifically, the LED light 212 flashes slowly (1Hz) and the buzzer 211 sounds intermittently.

[0061] Level 2 Warning: When the water level reaches the warning level, a Level 2 warning is triggered. At this time, LED 212 flashes rapidly (4Hz), buzzer 211 sounds continuously, and remote alarm is triggered simultaneously to ensure timely detection and handling of emergencies. The alarm module 21 is centrally controlled by the central controller 20 to enhance the device's emergency response capability.

[0062] The control mechanism 2 is equipped with a storage battery 22, which is electrically connected to the central controller 20, the suction pump 12, the second solenoid valve 30, the flow sensor 4, the water level monitoring module 13, and the alarm module 21, respectively, to ensure that water level monitoring, valve opening and closing, siphon start and stop, audible and visual alarms, and emergency flood discharge of backup pipelines can all work normally.

[0063] Example 3 This embodiment provides a detailed description of the complete control process and automatic start-stop logic of the dam flood discharge method, specifically including the following steps: S1, the water level monitoring module 13 collects the water level height signal and water level rise rate signal on the water-facing side of the dam in real time, and transmits the two sets of signals to the central controller 20 synchronously; the central controller 20 performs fusion filtering on the dual-channel water level data collected by the laser rangefinder 131 and the ultrasonic water level gauge 132 to eliminate wave disturbances and measurement errors, and outputs stable and accurate water level height and water level rise rate.

[0064] S2. The central controller 20 compares the real-time water level rise rate with the preset water level rise rate threshold. When the water level rise rate reaches the preset water level rise rate threshold and the current water level is less than 30cm away from the warning water level, the central controller 20 immediately and automatically starts the suction pump 12 and simultaneously closes the first valve 1141 and the second valve 3141. The central controller 20 also triggers the alarm module 21 to activate the first-level warning, such as slow flashing lights and intermittent buzzer warnings. Alternatively, if the rate of water level rise does not reach the preset water level rise rate threshold, the central controller 20 will directly compare the real-time water level height with the preset water level threshold. When the water level height reaches the preset warning level, the central controller 20 will also automatically start the suction pump 12; and the central controller 20 will trigger the alarm module 21 to start a secondary warning, such as flashing lights and continuous buzzer warning. After the suction pump 12 starts, it quickly extracts the air inside the drain pipe 11, creating a stable negative pressure inside the pipe, which in turn triggers the siphon effect. After the siphon is established, the central controller 20 controls the suction pump 12 to stop working. Under the siphon effect, the water continues to flow from the water-facing side of the dam to the water-repellent side through the drain pipe 11, realizing automatic flood discharge without power.

[0065] S3. During the automatic flood discharge process, the flow sensor 4 on the outlet pipe 114 monitors the flood discharge flow inside the outlet pipe 11 in real time and feeds back the flow signal to the central controller 20 in real time.

[0066] S4. When the flow rate in the drainage pipe 11 is lower than the preset flow rate threshold of the central controller 20, it is determined that the main drainage pipe is blocked and the flood discharge capacity is insufficient. The central controller 20 immediately controls the second solenoid valve to open (at this time the first solenoid valve is in the closed state), and simultaneously starts the backup drainage pipe 31 to work together with the drainage pipe 11 to discharge floodwater, ensuring that the total flood discharge meets the drainage needs during the flood season and avoiding the continuous rise of water level from threatening the safety of the dam.

[0067] S5. The flood discharge continues until the water level drops to a safe range of 30cm below the warning level, and the water level signal collected by the water level monitoring module 13 is lower than the preset start threshold of the central controller and the water level rise rate drops to below the preset threshold, that is, the water flow is stable. The central controller 20 determines that the flood discharge is completed, controls the first valve 1141 and the second valve 3141 to close slowly, the siphon effect is smoothly terminated, and the entire flood discharge process ends automatically.

[0068] The present invention and its embodiments have been described above illustratively. This description is not restrictive, and the figures shown are only one embodiment of the present invention; the actual structure is not limited thereto. Therefore, if those skilled in the art are inspired by this description and design similar structures and embodiments without departing from the spirit of the present invention, such designs should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A flood discharge device for a dam, characterized in that: include, The siphon mechanism includes a drain pipe (11), a suction pump (12), and a water level monitoring module (13). The control mechanism (2) includes a central controller (20), which is electrically connected to the suction pump (12), and the water level monitoring module (13) is signal connected to the central controller (20). The inlet of the drain pipe (11) is located on the water-facing side of the dam and below the normal water level, while the outlet is located on the back side of the dam. The suction pump (12) is sealed and connected to the drain pipe (11), and the water level monitoring module (13) is located at the inlet of the drain pipe (11).

2. The dam flood discharge device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The middle section of the drain pipe (11) is inverted U-shaped, including, Front pipe (111), the front pipe (111) is located on the water-facing side of the dam; The rear pipe (112) is located on the backwater side of the dam; A connecting pipe (113) is connected to the front pipe (111) and the rear pipe (112); the suction pump (12) is connected to the connecting pipe (113); the radius of curvature at the connection between the connecting pipe (113) and the front pipe (111) and the rear pipe (112) is not less than 3 times the diameter of the drain pipe (11).

3. A flood discharge device for a dam according to claim 2, characterized in that: The drain pipe (11) also includes an inlet pipe (110) and an outlet pipe (114) located at both ends; the inlet pipe (110) is connected to the front end of the front pipe (111), and the outlet pipe (114) is connected to the rear end of the rear pipe (112); the inlet pipe (110) is located at a position not less than 15cm below the normal water level.

4. A dam flood discharge device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The radius of curvature at the connection between the inlet pipe (110) and the front pipe (111) is not less than 3 times the diameter of the drain pipe (11); the radius of curvature at the connection between the rear pipe (112) and the outlet pipe (114) is not less than 3 times the diameter of the drain pipe (11).

5. A dam flood discharge device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The water level monitoring module (13) includes a laser rangefinder (131), which is mounted on the water inlet pipe (110).

6. A flood discharge device for a dam according to claim 5, characterized in that: The central controller (20) is preset with a water level threshold and a water level rise rate threshold; the laser rangefinder (131) is used to collect real-time water level signals and water level rise rate signals and transmit them to the central controller (20).

7. A dam flood discharge device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The control mechanism (2) also includes an alarm module (21), which is electrically connected to the central controller (20). The alarm module (21) includes a buzzer (211) and / or an LED light (212).

8. A dam flood discharge device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The device also includes a backup drain pipe (31), and the suction pump (12) is connected to the backup drain pipe (31) via a second solenoid valve; the second solenoid valve is used to control the on / off state of the suction pump (12) and the backup drain pipe (31).

9. A dam flood discharge device according to claim 8, characterized in that: A flow sensor (4) is provided on the outlet pipe (114). The flow sensor (4) is connected to the central controller (20) for collecting the flow signal in the drain pipe (11) and transmitting it to the central controller (20). The central controller (20) has a preset flow value. The central controller (20) is connected to the second solenoid valve and is used to control the opening and closing of the second solenoid valve.

10. A dam flood discharge device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The backup drainage pipe (31) includes a backup outlet pipe (314) located on the back side of the dam. The outlet pipe (114) is provided with a first valve (1141) at its end, and the spare outlet pipe (314) is provided with a second valve (3141) at its end; both the first valve (1141) and the second valve (3141) are connected to the central controller (20) via signal.

11. A method for flood discharge from a dam, applied to the flood discharge device of any one of claims 1-10, characterized in that: Includes the following steps, S1, the water level monitoring module collects the water level height signal and water level rise rate signal on the upstream side of the dam in real time and transmits them to the central controller; S2. The central controller compares the real-time water level rise rate with a preset water level rise rate threshold. When the water level rise rate reaches the threshold and the water level is less than 30cm from the warning line, the central controller automatically starts the suction pump; or... The central controller compares the real-time water level with the preset water level threshold. When the water level reaches the threshold, the central controller automatically starts the suction pump. The suction pump draws air out of the drain pipe to create negative pressure, triggering a siphon effect, and the suction pump stops working; the water flows from the water-facing side to the water-repellent side through the drain pipe to achieve automatic flood discharge. S3. During the flood discharge process, the flow sensor monitors the flow rate in the discharge pipe and sends the feedback to the central controller; S4. When the flow rate in the drain pipe is lower than the preset flow rate in the central controller, the central controller controls the second solenoid valve to open and starts the backup drain pipe to discharge floodwater in coordination. S5. When the water level drops to 30cm below the warning line, the siphon effect ends and the flood discharge ends.

12. The dam flood discharge method according to claim 11, characterized in that: In step S2, the central controller performs fusion filtering on the dual-channel data collected by the laser rangefinder and ultrasonic water level gauge of the water level monitoring module, and outputs accurate water level height and water level rise rate.

13. The dam flood discharge method according to claim 11, characterized in that: In step S2, When the rate of water level rise reaches the threshold and the water level is less than 30cm from the warning line, a Level 1 warning is triggered, and the alarm module will issue a warning with slow flashing lights and intermittent buzzer sounds. When the water level reaches the warning level, a level-two warning is triggered. The alarm module will issue a rapid flashing light and a continuous buzzer warning, and the backup drain pipe will be activated simultaneously.

14. The dam flood discharge method according to claim 11, characterized in that: When the suction pump starts, the central controller simultaneously closes the first valve of the drain pipe and the second valve of the standby drain pipe, and negative pressure is formed in the pipe; after the siphon stabilizes, the central controller controls the terminal valve to open.

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