An indoor large parking lot vehicle searching and guiding method and system based on dynamic light path

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of intelligent parking lot guiding, and particularly relates to an indoor large parking lot car searching guiding method and system based on dynamic light paths, which comprises the following steps: constructing a parking lot guiding road network, establishing a two-dimensional coordinate system comprising a light path guiding unit, a sensor and a parking space, and realizing accurate position calibration; when searching for a car, a path planning algorithm is used to plan an optimal path from a user terminal to a target parking space, dynamic light path control combining with following extinguishing and forward lighting is used to realize visual guiding throughout the whole process; meanwhile, through a special color allocation and conflict checking mechanism, multiple user concurrent car searching is supported, and path confusion is avoided. The application solves the problems of the existing car searching methods, such as non-intuitive indication, unstable positioning and easy conflict of multiple users, and greatly improves the car searching efficiency and user experience of large parking lots.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of intelligent parking guidance technology, specifically relating to a method and system for finding vehicles in large indoor parking lots based on dynamic optical paths. Background Technology

[0002] With the acceleration of urbanization and the continuous growth of car ownership, parking demand is increasing, leading to a continuous expansion of parking facility construction. Large indoor parking lots have become standard in both new and renovated buildings, and their scale and structure are constantly expanding. While this has effectively alleviated parking difficulties, it has also brought about the problem of finding one's car. To address this, many parking lots have installed car-finding kiosks; however, they still face numerous challenges.

[0003] First, while existing car-finding kiosks can provide vehicle location information, they only offer textual descriptions like "Block B, Unit 025," requiring users to still navigate the complex, multi-level parking lot space themselves. Mobile app navigation, while providing map guidance, suffers from weak indoor signals, affecting positioning accuracy and causing drift and delays. Furthermore, this type of guidance is heavily reliant on phone battery power, making it unstable. While video-based reverse vehicle location technology can pinpoint the vehicle's location, it also fails to solve the "last mile" dynamic guidance problem from the query point to the vehicle's actual location.

[0004] Secondly, existing technology is completely inadequate to handle scenarios where multiple users are searching for their vehicles simultaneously. During peak user periods, if the system provides homogeneous guidance information when multiple users use the vehicle-finding service at the same time, it can easily lead to confusion at intersections and users following the wrong routes. This not only causes individual vehicle-finding failures but also causes pedestrian traffic congestion and severely reduces the overall vehicle-finding efficiency.

[0005] Furthermore, applying existing lighting control technology to vehicle location guidance would result in low resource utilization. For example, while a solution similar to area lighting that illuminates the entire path at once can provide basic guidance, it leads to high energy consumption, and the lighting path resources cannot be dynamically allocated and reused based on the real-time locations of multiple users. When multiple user paths overlap, the system cannot intelligently coordinate, resulting in low guidance efficiency.

[0006] Furthermore, existing systems lack intelligent route planning and scheduling capabilities, failing to dynamically adjust guidance strategies based on real-time traffic conditions, and are unable to effectively predict and avoid route conflicts. In large parking lots, this deficiency can cause users to take unnecessary detours, prolong their search time for their vehicles, and increase their anxiety.

[0007] In view of the above-mentioned technical deficiencies, this invention proposes a method and system for guiding car finding in large indoor parking lots based on dynamic optical paths, so as to achieve a smart car finding solution that is personalized, dynamically allocated, supports high concurrency, and is energy-saving and environmentally friendly. Summary of the Invention

[0008] This invention overcomes the above-mentioned defects and provides a method and system for guiding car finding in large indoor parking lots based on dynamic optical paths. It solves the problems of unintuitive guidance, unreliable positioning, lack of last-mile delivery, easy confusion among multiple users, low resource utilization, and lack of intelligent scheduling in the existing technology, and realizes intelligent guidance for car finding for multiple users, thereby improving the efficiency of car finding.

[0009] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a method for guiding vehicle location in a large indoor parking lot based on dynamic optical paths, comprising the following steps: S1. Construct a parking lot guidance road network. When a vehicle enters the parking lot, collect the vehicle's license plate information and parking location, establish a binding relationship between the license plate number and the parking space coordinates, and store it in the database. S2. The user enters the license plate number on the user interaction terminal, verifies the license plate information, obtains the coordinates of the target parking space and the user's current location coordinates, and sends a vehicle search guidance request. S3. Based on the vehicle search guidance request, a path planning algorithm is used to plan the optimal path from the user interaction terminal to the target parking space in the parking lot guidance road network; S4: Assign a unique guide color identifier to the current user and generate a dynamic optical path guide instruction based on the optimal path; S5: Real-time tracking of user location, and execution of dynamic guidance according to dynamic optical path guidance instructions; the dynamic guidance includes a follow-to-turn-off mechanism and a forward-looking turn-on mechanism; S6. When the user arrives at the target parking space, all the guide lights for that user are turned off and the color marker resources are released to complete the car-finding guidance.

[0010] The present invention also includes a system for implementing the above-mentioned indoor large parking lot car-finding guidance method based on dynamic optical path, including a central control subsystem, an information acquisition subsystem, an information storage subsystem, a user interaction terminal subsystem, and a dynamic optical path guidance subsystem; The central control subsystem includes: The system coordination and management module receives and manages all vehicle search requests, assigns a unique guiding color to each request based on the current system load and resource usage, and performs task queuing and scheduling. The route planning and decision-making module takes the user's interactive terminal location as the starting point and the path node closest to the target parking space as the ending point, calculates the optimal guidance route, and sends the planning results to the system coordination and management module. The data processing module receives and integrates real-time data from the information collection subsystem, updates the parking lot dynamic status map, and provides real-time data support for route planning and conflict detection. The information collection subsystem includes: The microcontroller performs preliminary processing and integration of the collected raw data, and sends the processed standard data packets to the central control subsystem and the information storage subsystem. The video recognition module automatically identifies the license plate information of the entering vehicle and analyzes the video stream in real time to determine the specific parking space coordinates of the vehicle, and outputs "license plate number - parking space coordinates" bound data; The sensor information acquisition module collects the trigger signals of each user's location tracking sensor in real time, and after filtering and verification, determines the sensor location information triggered by the user. The information storage subsystem includes: Static parking lot space data stores the coordinates and logical names of all parking spaces and path nodes, the coordinates and control addresses of all optical path guidance units, and the topological connection relationships between various devices. Dynamic data storage includes a real-time updated license plate number-parking space coordinate binding table, information on all currently active guidance tasks, real-time occupancy status of each optical path guidance unit and sensor, user vehicle search history, and system operation logs. The user interaction terminal subsystem includes: The microcontroller processes user input, controls the display output, and exchanges information with the central control subsystem. The human-computer interaction module provides a touch input interface to receive the license plate number entered by the user. It has a built-in input verification and intelligent error correction algorithm and submits the verified vehicle search request to the microcontroller. The display module receives guidance information and displays a simplified parking map on the screen. It also highlights the complete path from the current terminal to the target parking space using system-assigned colors, while displaying text guidance prompts. The power module provides stable power to the terminal equipment, ensuring continuous and reliable operation in the complex environment of the parking lot. The dynamic optical path guidance subsystem includes: The microcontroller receives and parses path planning and color assignment instructions from the central control subsystem, generates specific lighting control commands, and coordinates the collaborative work of each module. The dynamic optical path hardware module is responsible for the configuration, specifications, and functions of all core hardware required for the dynamic optical path network. The dynamic optical path control module controls each optical path guiding unit, controlling the optical path guiding unit at a specified address according to the light control instructions generated by the microcontroller.

[0011] Compared with the prior art, the advantages and beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: In terms of intuitive car finding for users, this invention completely breaks through the limitations of traditional technologies that can only provide text information or virtual maps. It directly generates a physically visible dynamic color light path on the ground, transforming the virtual path into a real-world light strip. Users only need to follow the exclusive lights to move forward, achieving zero-threshold guidance of "what you see is what you go", fundamentally solving the core pain points of difficulty in finding cars and finding directions in indoor parking lots. In terms of guidance continuity and humanized design, this invention adopts a dual dynamic mechanism of "following off and looking ahead to light up". During the user's journey, the light path guidance unit automatically turns off to avoid light pollution and visual interference. When approaching a turning point or a path change position, the entire light path of the next area is lit up in advance to ensure that there is always complete and continuous guidance in front of the user's line of sight. At the same time, it greatly shortens the time to find the car and reduces the user's anxiety and irritability. In multi-user, high-concurrency scenarios, this invention dynamically assigns a unique and highly recognizable guide color to each user, ensuring that different user paths are visually completely isolated, without interference or confusion. The central control subsystem monitors the occupancy status of optical path resources in real time and automatically performs queuing scheduling, conflict detection, and path avoidance in scenarios with overlapping paths and full resource load, preventing multiple users from competing for the same optical path and crossing paths, ensuring traffic order within the parking lot, and significantly improving overall vehicle search efficiency and parking lot operating capacity. In terms of energy consumption control and resource utilization efficiency, this system only dynamically illuminates the user's current and necessary road sections ahead, consuming no power in non-essential areas, thus meeting the construction requirements of green, low-carbon, and energy-saving construction. Simultaneously, all optical path guidance units support independent addressing, time-division multiplexing, and color-coded control. The same hardware can provide guidance services to different users at different times, eliminating the need to repeatedly deploy dedicated equipment for each path and area. This significantly reduces the initial construction, renovation, and subsequent maintenance costs of parking lots, and improves hardware resource utilization.

[0012] In terms of guidance accuracy and coverage completeness, this invention achieves seamless guidance from the terminal to the parking space. After completing the main path planning, it automatically adds the end straight path of the row where the parking space is located, and extends directly to the target parking space through the entire row of light strips, achieving seamless connection of the whole process. It is accurate in positioning and has a unique path, solving the problem of the "last mile" missing in traditional car finding, and truly achieving "one-stop car finding, one-step solution". This invention utilizes local parking lot hardware and closed-loop control throughout the entire process, achieving fully automated closed-loop management. Upon vehicle entry, the system automatically binds the license plate to the parking space. When a user initiates a vehicle search request, the system automatically completes route planning, color allocation, optical path activation, and arrival detection, all without manual intervention. Its reliability far exceeds that of existing mobile terminal solutions. The ground-embedded LEDs and sensors offer high protection levels, are pressure-resistant and wear-resistant, and are suitable for the high-traffic, high-pressure environment of parking lots. They operate stably and reliably over the long term. Simultaneously, the system automatically records vehicle search data, timeout events, and equipment status, providing data support for optimizing parking lot layout, adjusting guidance strategies, and predicting equipment failures, thus driving the upgrading of parking lots towards unmanned, intelligent, and digital operations. Attached Figure Description

[0013] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the vehicle location guidance method of the present invention; Figure 2 This is an overall schematic diagram of the dynamic optical path deployment and path nodes in a parking lot according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the two-dimensional plane coordinate system of a parking lot according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram showing the coordinates of various nodes in the parking lot according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a single-line dynamic optical path according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the dynamic optical path in a single turning area according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of multiple linear dynamic optical paths according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 8 Schematic diagram of dynamic optical paths in multiple turning areas according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a parking lot topology diagram according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a diagram illustrating the parking space guidance path according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the user interaction terminal guidance path display interface according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 12 This is a partial schematic diagram of the dynamic optical path deployment and path nodes in a parking lot according to an embodiment of the present invention; Detailed Implementation

[0014] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0015] Example 1: like Figure 1 As shown in the figure, this embodiment of the invention provides a method for guiding vehicle location in a large indoor parking lot based on dynamic optical paths, as detailed below: I. Construction of Parking Lot Guiding Road Network and Basic Data Collection and Establishment This invention takes a typical large indoor parking lot as an example. Figure 2 , Figure 12 As shown, the parking lot is divided into three areas, A, B, and C, from left to right. Each area contains 5 rows, with 6 parking spaces per row (black squares in the diagram represent occupied spaces). Based on this, a dynamic guidance road network for the parking lot is constructed as follows: (1) Dynamic optical path deployment: The optical path guidance unit is embedded in the key passage area of ​​the parking lot in a pre-designed topology, specifically including: underground deployment along the wall to form a boundary guidance path; constructing a backbone guidance network under the ground of the main pedestrian passage connecting the elevator hall, stairwell and other functional areas; and embedding a user position tracking sensor between every two optical path guidance units to detect the user's real-time position. The dynamic light path consists of numerous light path guidance units and user position tracking sensors. Each light path guidance unit comprises one or more LEDs, with each LED consisting of an LED bead and a high-strength transparent protective shell, installed flush with the ground in an embedded manner. The specific number of LEDs in a light path guidance unit varies depending on the size of the parking lot. The user position tracking sensor is implemented using a pressure sensor. This sensor can detect the user's position in real time, thus turning off the light path guidance unit that the user has traversed. The user position tracking sensor has the same specifications as the LEDs. Light path guidance units composed of individual LEDs are mainly located in the turning areas of the dynamic light path, allowing for flexible control of the guidance units when the user turns. Therefore, pressure sensors are not required between light path guidance units composed of individual LEDs.

[0016] Dynamic optical paths can be mainly divided into two cases: dynamic optical paths in straight sections and dynamic optical paths in turning areas. For a single dynamic optical path, such as... Figure 5 The diagram shows a dynamic optical path consisting of two optical path guidance units and one user position tracking sensor; as shown... Figure 6 The diagram shows a single dynamic optical path consisting of nine optical path guiding units (including two multi-LED and seven single-LED optical path guiding units) and two user position tracking sensors; for multiple dynamic optical paths, such as... Figure 7 The diagram shows four dynamic optical paths consisting of 12 optical path guidance units and 8 user position tracking sensors; as shown... Figure 8The diagram shows four dynamic optical paths consisting of 24 optical path guiding units (including eight multi-LED and 16 single-LED optical path guiding units) and eight user position tracking sensors.

[0017] All optical path guidance units, user position tracking sensors, and each LED in the turning area have independent control addresses, supporting individual addressing and precise control. The user position tracking sensors monitor the user's position in real time, and when a user is detected passing through, the system is triggered to update the optical path status. This hardware architecture provides the physical basis for realizing dynamic guidance that "follows off".

[0018] (2) Dynamic optical path naming: All parking spaces in the parking lot are named in the manner of “regional code number-position number”, providing a globally unique logical identifier for each parking space; In this embodiment of the invention, the area codes for parking space naming are divided into zones A, B, and C from left to right, with the vehicle entrance as the marker. The row numbers are represented by numbers 1 to 5 from bottom to top at the vehicle entrance. The position numbers are represented by numbers 1 to 6 from left to right for each row of consecutive parking spaces. For example, parking space B4-2 represents the second parking space in the fourth row of zone B. This naming system is the basis for vehicle positioning and route planning. The naming of path nodes adopts a two-level coding rule of area code and sequence number. The area code of the path node is completely consistent with the area code of the parking space to ensure that the path node and the parking space belong to the same partition framework in terms of spatial management. The sequence number is determined by the fact that all path nodes in each area are numbered in ascending order from left to right and from bottom to top, starting from the number 1.

[0019] (3) Dynamic optical path position determination: In order to achieve accurate positioning and unified management of all optical path guidance units, path nodes and parking spaces in the parking lot, it is necessary to establish a two-dimensional plane coordinate system for the entire parking lot, and digitally store the position information of all entities based on this coordinate system, as follows: like Figure 3 As shown, in this embodiment of the invention, a coordinate system is established with the lower left corner (southwest corner) of the parking lot plan as the origin (0, 0). The X-axis runs along the east-west direction of the parking lot, with the positive direction from left (west) to right (east); the Y-axis runs along the north-south direction of the parking lot, with the positive direction from bottom (south) to top (north); the coordinate unit is one LED light or user location tracking sensor. Simultaneously, based on the two-dimensional rectangular coordinate plane, the position coordinates of each optical path guiding unit and each node in the parking lot need to be recorded. Among them, the position of the optical path guiding unit is taken as the coordinates of the first LED light at the rightmost or bottommost corner of each optical path guiding unit. Figure 4Points A and B in the middle); coordinates of all individually controlled LEDs in the turning area; the position of the path node in the turning area is taken from the coordinates of the upper right corner LED of the path node in the turning area ( Figure 4 (C point); Location of user interaction terminal node (e.g., ...) Then, the coordinates of the first LED light in the northwest corner are taken; the coordinates of all user tracking sensors are taken; the position coordinates of the parking spaces are taken from the coordinates of the northernmost optical path guidance unit corresponding to each parking space. Figure 4 The coordinates of the path node and the parking space are selected from the coordinates of the LED lights on the first dynamic optical path. The main purpose is to facilitate path planning. The specific path is to select an empty optical path for guidance based on the conflict detection.

[0020] When a vehicle enters the parking lot, a high-precision camera deployed at the entrance automatically recognizes the license plate information. Simultaneously, a video parking space detector determines the vehicle's parking location, establishes a binding relationship between the license plate number and parking space coordinates, and stores this information in the database. Finally, a complete data package containing the license plate number and the vehicle's parking space is generated. The system ensures the accuracy and real-time nature of the information through regular data maintenance, establishing a reliable data foundation for subsequent vehicle location guidance.

[0021] II. User Car Search Requests and Processing After a user enters their license plate number on the user interface terminal, the information collection module verifies the input in real time using a strict verification mechanism to ensure that the input fully conforms to the standard license plate number format. During the verification process, the system will provide real-time prompts to check if the input format is correct. For characters that are difficult to recognize, an intelligent error correction mechanism will be activated, and the system will perform matching and verification through the license plate database to ensure the accuracy of the user's input and the reliability of the system.

[0022] After successful verification, the system sends the complete vehicle search request data packet to the central control subsystem. The central control subsystem obtains the parking space location coordinates and the corresponding user interaction terminal location coordinates from the parking map database module in the information storage subsystem, in order to initiate the subsequent route planning and resource allocation process.

[0023] III. Planning the optimal route from the user interaction terminal to the target parking space (1) Main route planning a. The system abstracts the parking guidance network into a graph. , where the vertex set Includes all path nodes, such as and user interaction terminal nodes Equal; edge set Indicates a direct passage between nodes; b. Starting from the location of the user interaction terminal where the user initiated the request. The endpoint is the path node closest to the target parking space. The optimal path is calculated using Dijkstra's algorithm, and the planning result is represented as an ordered sequence of path nodes, as shown below.

[0024] , in, Representing users The optimal path planned, each in the sequence All correspond A specific node (such as A6, B5, etc.).

[0025] This invention sets the endpoint as a predefined nearest path node, ensuring that the generated guidance path naturally meets the requirements of shortest distance and highest travel efficiency. At the same time, it can directly determine the unique optimal guidance path in a regular parking environment.

[0026] (2) Final segment path guidance After completing the journey from the user interaction terminal to the destination After the main route is planned, the system will automatically add... The final guiding route to the specific parking space. End point. Physically, it is located at the entrance of the row containing the target parking space, and is on the same straight passage as all the parking spaces in that row. The spatial path is unique and has no branches. When the user walks to the adjacent... When the optical path guidance unit is activated and its user location tracking sensor is triggered, the system will simultaneously turn off the optical path guidance unit behind it and illuminate all the optical path guidance units in the entire row of lanes where the target parking space is located, forming a final guide light strip that extends directly to the location of the user's vehicle. In this way, a complete guidance path is constructed from the user's interactive terminal, through the main path nodes, and finally accurately reaching the target parking space, realizing a seamless guidance service throughout the entire process.

[0027] like Figure 9 As shown, the topology of the parking lot is obtained by taking the user's interactive terminal and the critical path node of the parking lot as vertices and combining them with the parking lot road network. The user interactive terminal is either the starting node n0 or n1, and the path node closest to the vehicle's parking space in that row is the final node. When the user... After entering the license plate number on the location-based user interface terminal, the vehicle search is activated, and the system begins searching for parking space B4-2. The system will first automatically identify parking space B5, which is the closest to B4-2. Starting point ,by End point The optimal path node sequence was calculated using Dijkstra's algorithm. As shown below: , When a user follows this dynamic optical path to the optical path guidance unit adjacent to the final path node B5 and triggers the user position tracking sensor in front of B5, node B5 is physically located at the entrance of row B. All parking spaces in row B (including B4-2) are on the same straight, branchless passage, making the spatial path unique. Therefore, the system will control the entire ground optical path guidance unit from node B5 to parking space B4-2 to remain lit, forming a clear and direct final guidance segment that accurately guides the user to their vehicle.

[0028] In summary, the complete optimal path from the user's starting point to finding the vehicle is: User interaction terminal (n0) → A6 → A 13 →B7→B6→B5→[B row straight light strip]→Target parking space B4-2.

[0029] After obtaining the optimal path, the central control subsystem retrieves the location coordinates of the nodes in the path from the parking lot map database module in the information storage subsystem, and transmits the information to the user interaction terminal subsystem and the dynamic optical path guidance subsystem.

[0030] The system converts the calculated node sequence into a specific spatial guidance scheme, such as... Figure 10 As shown: First, guide the user along the wall-side passage, passing nodes A6 and A in sequence. 13 After reaching node B7, turn; enter area B and proceed down the main channel, passing node B6 in sequence, and finally reach node B5 located at the entrance of the 4th row of parking spaces. Then, the user turns into the lane of that row of parking spaces and completes the car search when reaching the 2nd parking space (i.e., the target parking space B4-2).

[0031] IV. Guiding Color Allocation The system dynamically assigns each user a color from a set of preset, highly visually distinguishable colors (such as blue, green, yellow, and red) that is different from the colors of other currently active guidance paths, ensuring that each user can clearly and without confusion identify their own path when multiple users are guided concurrently.

[0032] Simultaneously, the guidance information display module on the user interaction terminal will immediately update the interface, providing users with intuitive visual and textual guidance. The core area of ​​the interface displays a simplified parking lot floor plan, using a system-assigned exclusive color (such as green) to highlight the complete planned path from the current terminal location to the target parking space B4-2 with a striking thick solid line, such as... Figure 11As shown. The interface also includes clear and concise text descriptions, such as: "A green light path has been assigned to you; please follow the green ground lights." Through this combination of text and graphics, users can accurately understand the system's guidance logic before setting off and develop an understanding of the unique color, thus enabling them to find their vehicle by following the soon-to-be-activated dynamic ground light path.

[0033] V. Dynamic optical path guidance, including follow-to-turn-off mechanism and look-ahead-to-light mechanism. As the user moves along the illuminated light path, the system detects the user's position in real time using a user position tracking sensor. When the user triggers a user position tracking sensor in the channel, the system precisely extinguishes all the light path guidance units that have passed behind that sensor, achieving dynamic energy-saving guidance through "follow-up extinguishing." When approaching a turning area, if the user triggers the user position tracking sensor of the second-to-last light path guidance unit before the turn (i.e., before entering the path node), the system will extinguish the lights behind the user and immediately illuminate all the light path guidance units in the entire new channel after the turn. This proactive lighting mechanism ensures that the user always has a complete light path guiding their line of sight during the turn; the combination of these two mechanisms forms a seamless, dynamically extending guiding light flow that is always in front of the user.

[0034] VI. Complete vehicle location guidance and collect resources. Once a user arrives at the target parking space and finds their vehicle, the vehicle location guidance subsystem automatically detects and confirms the user's arrival using video detectors deployed in the parking area. The system then triggers a resource recovery process: the dynamic light path subsystem immediately extinguishes all special lights activated for the user's vehicle location path, restoring basic lighting; the central control subsystem simultaneously releases the color identifier used by the user back into the visual resource pool for subsequent guidance tasks; at the same time, the user interaction terminal displays a vehicle location completion notification and offers optional parking lot exit route guidance or payment services, forming a complete vehicle location service loop. Once the single guidance process ends, the system returns to standby mode.

[0035] This invention supports a multi-user concurrent guidance and coordination mechanism. To address the practical needs of multiple users searching for vehicles simultaneously, the system introduces an intelligent coordination strategy based on the single-user guidance mechanism to ensure orderly, efficient, and unconfused guidance in concurrent scenarios, as detailed below: (1) When multiple users start searching for a car in different areas at almost the same time, and the initial segment, core passage segment, or short distance segment before the destination of their planned route are adjacent, parallel, intersecting or partially overlapping, the system will activate the exclusive guidance allocation mechanism to match each user with an independent guidance color with high contrast and strong recognition. (2) The physical guidance resources of the system (such as the number of rows of optical path guidance units deployed) are limited. Taking the four-row optical path guidance unit design of this embodiment as an example, when the system detects that the guidance optical paths of four users have been activated (i.e., all four rows are occupied), it enters the "guidance resource full load" state. At this time, if a fifth or more users initiate a vehicle search request, the guidance information display module of the user interaction terminal will immediately display a clear prompt message, such as: "Current guidance resources are busy, please wait a moment." The user's request will be automatically included in the waiting queue, and the system will not perform path planning and resource allocation for the time being; (3) The system receives and integrates dynamic data reported by parking space sensors, user location tracking sensors, optical path guidance unit status and other devices in real time, maintains the global path resource occupancy map of the parking lot, and ensures accurate control of information such as the occupancy status of each optical path guidance unit and the running progress of activated optical paths (such as whether they are close to the end point or whether they are about to release resources), so as to provide a real-time and accurate data foundation for subsequent scheduling. (4) Once the system detects that any guidance path has completed the process of turning off the lights and releasing resources (including color resources and optical path guidance unit hardware resources) due to the user successfully arriving at the target parking space or the guidance timeout, it will immediately extract the highest priority car-finding request from the pending queue for processing. The processing flow is as follows: a) Path pre-planning

[0036] Based on the resource usage information provided by the data processing module, the system's path planning and decision-making module calculates a unique optimal guidance path, starting from the user's current interactive terminal location and ending at the nearest path node to the target parking space. b. Real-time conflict checking After path planning is completed, the system immediately initiates hardware conflict verification to determine whether there is a hardware conflict between the optical path guiding unit required to be activated for the new path and all currently running guiding optical paths, where "the same optical path guiding unit needs to emit different colored lights simultaneously" (including whether the optical path guiding unit of the required path segment is still occupied by the previous user and has not been released); this conflict verification can be formally represented as: Set up new users The required optical path guiding unit set for the path is The current set of all running users is ,user The path optical path guiding unit set is The color is The system detects conflicts by checking whether the following conditions are met: ; in, Indicates new user The path and the user currently running The paths overlap in the physical optical path guiding unit (i.e., the same or the same group of LEDs are required). This indicates that the system has assigned the new user. Colors and users The colors are exactly the same; This means that as long as any user exists... If both of the above conditions are met, then a conflict is established; If a conflict is established, it indicates a hardware conflict where "the same optical path guiding unit needs to emit the same color simultaneously," and the system places the request in a waiting queue; otherwise, resources can be allocated immediately and the guiding process can be started.

[0037] c. Resource Allocation and Booting If the verification finds a hardware overlap conflict (i.e., the optical path guidance unit required for the new path is currently occupied by the optical path of another user), the system will keep the request in the queue and display a prompt message on the user's interactive terminal: "The system is coordinating the path, please wait." At the same time, it will continuously monitor the resource release status and re-trigger the verification after the conflict is resolved. If the verification passes (i.e., the optical path guidance unit required for the new path has no hardware conflict with all currently activated optical paths, including cases where the lights in the required section have been turned off and resources released by the previous user), the system will immediately allocate a unique color from the color resource pool that does not visually confuse the user with the currently activated optical path, synchronously activate the corresponding optical path guidance unit, and start the dynamic optical path guidance process of "segmented pre-lighting and follow-up extinguishing" to ensure that the user has a smooth guidance experience.

[0038] This mechanism, through a combination of queuing scheduling and dynamic conflict prediction, avoids guidance chaos caused by resource overload while maximizing the use of limited physical guidance resources, ensuring the orderly operation and efficient scheduling of the system in high-concurrency scenarios.

[0039] In addition, to prevent abnormal occupation of system resources, the system sets a time limit (e.g., 10 minutes) for each guidance task. If the sensor does not confirm that the user has arrived at the target parking space within this time limit, the system will automatically determine that the guidance has timed out and perform a reset operation: turn off all guide lights on the path and release the occupied color resources.

[0040] Meanwhile, the system will record detailed data on timeout events (including timeout path, occurrence time, duration, etc.). If the system detects frequent guidance timeouts in a certain area, it will automatically generate an early warning and notify on-site management personnel to investigate, ensuring a normal guidance environment in the parking lot and improving the overall operating efficiency of the system.

[0041] Example 2:

[0042] This invention provides a vehicle location guidance system for large indoor parking lots based on dynamic optical paths, comprising an information acquisition subsystem, an information storage subsystem, a user interaction terminal subsystem, a central control subsystem, and a dynamic optical path guidance subsystem. The information acquisition subsystem acquires and stores license plate and parking space information after a vehicle enters and parks in the parking lot. The user interaction terminal receives the license plate number entered by the user and initiates a vehicle location request. Upon receiving the request, the central control subsystem queries parking spaces, plans a route, and sends the results to the user terminal and the dynamic optical path guidance subsystem. Upon receiving the results from the central control subsystem, the dynamic optical path guidance subsystem controls the ground LED lights to generate a dynamic colored optical path, updating it in real time based on feedback from the user's location tracking sensor until the user arrives at their parking space. Details are as follows: (a) Central control subsystem The central control subsystem, as the core decision-making and scheduling hub of the system, is responsible for processing vehicle search requests, planning optimal routes, and coordinating global resources. This subsystem includes three functional modules: a system coordination and management module, a route planning and decision-making module, and a data processing module.

[0043] The system coordination and management module is responsible for receiving and managing all vehicle search requests. Based on the current system load and resource usage, this module assigns a unique guidance color to each request and performs task queuing and scheduling to avoid multi-user path conflicts.

[0044] The path planning and decision-making module takes the user's interactive terminal location as the starting point and the path node closest to the target parking space as the ending point, obtains the parking lot node topology map, uses algorithms such as Dijkstra to calculate the optimal walking path, and sends the planning results (ordered node sequence) to the system coordination and management module.

[0045] The data processing module is responsible for receiving and integrating real-time data (such as sensor trigger information) from the information acquisition subsystem, updating the parking lot dynamic status map, and providing real-time data support for route planning and conflict detection.

[0046] (II) Information Collection Subsystem

[0047] The information acquisition subsystem is responsible for collecting various physical status and event data within the parking lot in real time, providing accurate and timely input information for the entire system. This subsystem consists of a microcontroller, a video recognition module, and a sensor information acquisition module.

[0048] As the core of the information acquisition subsystem, the microcontroller is responsible for coordinating the work of each module, performing preliminary processing and integration of the acquired raw data, and sending the processed standard data packets to the central control subsystem and the information storage subsystem.

[0049] The video recognition module is deployed at the parking lot entrance and parking space area, and includes a high-precision license plate recognition camera and a video parking space detector. This module automatically identifies the license plate information of entering vehicles and analyzes the video stream in real time to determine the specific parking space coordinates of the vehicle, outputting "license plate number - parking space coordinates" bound data.

[0050] The sensor information acquisition module is responsible for managing the ground-embedded user location tracking sensor network. This module collects the trigger signals of each user location tracking sensor in real time, and after filtering and verification, determines the sensor location information triggered by the user.

[0051] (III) Information Storage Subsystem

[0052] The information storage subsystem, serving as the system's data management center, is responsible for storing and managing all static and dynamic data, providing efficient and reliable data access services. Specifically, it includes static parking space data and dynamic data.

[0053] The complete static spatial data of the parking lot includes the coordinates and logical names of all parking spaces (such as B4-2), the coordinates and control addresses of all optical path guidance units, the coordinates and logical names of all path nodes (such as A6), and the topological connection relationships between various devices, providing a spatial reference for path planning and equipment control.

[0054] The dynamic data mainly includes: a real-time updated "license plate number-parking space coordinates" binding table; information on all currently active guidance tasks (path, color, status); the real-time occupancy status of each optical path guidance unit and sensor; user vehicle search history and system operation logs.

[0055] (iv) User Interaction Terminal Subsystem

[0056] The user interaction terminal subsystem serves as the system's human-computer interaction entry point, responsible for receiving user vehicle-finding requests and displaying guidance information. This subsystem consists of a microcontroller, a human-computer interaction module, a display module, and a power supply module.

[0057] The microcontroller serves as the control core of the terminal, responsible for the operation of this subsystem, processing user input, controlling the display output, and exchanging information with the central control subsystem.

[0058] The human-computer interaction module provides a touch input interface to receive the license plate number entered by the user. This module incorporates input validation and intelligent error correction algorithms to ensure the validity of the input information and submits verified vehicle search requests to the microcontroller.

[0059] The display module uses a large-size, high-definition, anti-glare touchscreen for information visualization. Upon receiving guidance information, the module displays a simplified parking map on the screen and highlights the complete path from the current terminal to the target parking space using a system-assigned exclusive color, while also displaying clear text guidance prompts.

[0060] The power module provides stable power to the terminal equipment, ensuring continuous and reliable operation in the complex environment of the parking lot.

[0061] (v) Dynamic optical path guidance subsystem

[0062] The dynamic optical path guidance subsystem, as the final execution layer of the system, is responsible for precisely controlling the ground LED lighting network and generating and updating the dynamic guidance optical path according to the instructions of the central control subsystem. This subsystem consists of a microcontroller, a dynamic optical path hardware module, and a dynamic optical path control module.

[0063] As the core processing unit of this subsystem, the microcontroller is responsible for receiving and parsing path planning and color assignment instructions from the central control subsystem. Based on the lighting update instructions sent by the central control system, the microcontroller generates specific lighting control commands and coordinates the collaborative work of various modules.

[0064] The dynamic optical path hardware module is responsible for the configuration, specifications, and functions of all core hardware required for the dynamic optical path network. This module defines the system's visual guidance path construction through ground-embedded LED units, integrating user position tracking sensors within the path to detect user location in real time. Its "dynamic" characteristic is achieved through independent addressing and real-time control of each hardware unit.

[0065] The dynamic optical path control module controls each optical path guiding unit, controlling the optical path guiding unit at a specified address according to the lighting control commands generated by the microcontroller. This module realizes the precise generation and real-time updating of the ground dynamic optical path, including the initial lighting of the optical path, dynamic extinguishing following the user, and pre-lighting operations.

[0066] This system not only plans the optimal route in real time after the user enters their license plate number, but also generates a colored light path on the ground to guide the user to the target parking space, thus completing the vehicle search guidance.

[0067] The embodiments of the present invention described above do not constitute a limitation on the scope of protection of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for guiding vehicle location in a large indoor parking lot based on dynamic optical paths, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Construct a parking lot guidance road network. When a vehicle enters the parking lot, collect the vehicle's license plate information and parking location, establish a binding relationship between the license plate number and the parking space coordinates, and store it in the database. S2. The user enters the license plate number on the user interaction terminal, verifies the license plate information, obtains the coordinates of the target parking space and the user's current location coordinates, and sends a vehicle search guidance request. S3. Based on the vehicle search guidance request, a path planning algorithm is used to plan the optimal path from the user interaction terminal to the target parking space in the parking lot guidance road network; S4: Assign a unique guide color identifier to the current user and generate a dynamic optical path guide instruction based on the optimal path; S5: Real-time tracking of user location, and execution of dynamic guidance according to dynamic optical path guidance instructions; the dynamic guidance includes a follow-to-turn-off mechanism and a forward-looking turn-on mechanism; S6. When the user arrives at the target parking space, all the guide lights for that user are turned off and the color marker resources are released to complete the car-finding guidance.

2. The indoor large parking lot vehicle location guidance method based on dynamic optical path according to claim 1, characterized in that, The specific construction of the parking lot guidance road network is as follows: a. Dynamic optical path deployment: The optical path guidance unit is embedded in the key passage area of ​​the parking lot in a pre-designed topology. A user position tracking sensor is embedded between every two optical path guidance units. Each optical path guidance unit and user position tracking sensor has an independent control address, which supports individual addressing and precise control. b. Dynamic optical path naming: Parking spaces are uniquely identified using the method of area code-sequence number-position number, and path nodes are uniformly named using a two-level coding rule of area code and sequence number; c. Dynamic optical path coordinate design: Establish a two-dimensional plane coordinate system for the parking lot, calibrate the coordinates of all optical path guidance units, path nodes, user interaction terminals, parking spaces and user location tracking sensors, and digitally store the coordinate information for path planning and precise addressing.

3. The method for guiding vehicle location in a large indoor parking lot based on dynamic optical paths according to claim 2, characterized in that, The optimal path planning includes trunk path planning and final segment path guidance.

4. The indoor large parking lot vehicle location guidance method based on dynamic optical path according to claim 3, characterized in that, The main path planning is implemented as follows: a. Abstract the parking lot path network into a graph. , where the vertex set Includes all path nodes and user interaction terminal nodes, edge set Indicates a direct passage between nodes; b. Starting from the location of the user terminal that initiated the request. The endpoint is the path node closest to the target parking space. The optimal path is calculated using Dijkstra's algorithm, and the planning result is represented as an ordered sequence of path nodes, as shown below: ， in, Representing users The planned optimal guiding path, each in the sequence All correspond One of the specific nodes.

5. The indoor large parking lot vehicle location guidance method based on dynamic optical path according to claim 4, characterized in that, The final segment path guidance is provided when the user reaches a point immediately adjacent to the endpoint. When the optical path guidance unit is activated and the user's location tracking sensor is triggered, the optical path guidance unit behind the target parking space is turned off, while all optical path guidance units in the entire row of lanes containing the target parking space are illuminated, forming a path from... The final guiding route to the target parking space.

6. The indoor large parking lot vehicle location guidance method based on dynamic optical path according to claim 1, characterized in that, The follow-off mechanism is to turn off all optical path guiding units that have passed behind the user location tracking sensor when the user triggers the user location tracking sensor. The aforementioned forward-looking lighting mechanism is that when approaching a turning area, if the user triggers the user position tracking sensor of the second-to-last optical path guidance unit before the turn, all optical path guidance units in the passage after the turn will be immediately illuminated while the lights behind are turned off.

7. The indoor large parking lot vehicle location guidance method based on dynamic optical path according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method supports multiple users initiating car-finding requests simultaneously, and assigns different path guidance colors to different users; When the optical path resources reach the preset full capacity, new vehicle search requests will be placed in the waiting queue. Once a user has completed the boot process, the optical path is turned off and the color-coded resources are released, the system automatically retrieves requests from the waiting queue and performs path planning and conflict checking.

8. A method for guiding vehicle location in a large indoor parking lot based on dynamic optical paths according to claim 7, characterized in that, The specific conditions for conflict checking are as follows: ， in, Indicates new user The set of optical path guidance units required for the vehicle search path; This represents the set of all currently running users. Indicates user The optical path guidance unit set for vehicle location, using the color [color]. ; This means that as long as any user exists... A conflict occurs when both conditions are met simultaneously. If a conflict is established, the new vehicle search request is placed in the waiting queue, and the resource release status is monitored; if the conflict is not established, resources can be allocated immediately and the boot process can be started.

9. A system applicable to the vehicle location guidance method based on dynamic optical path in any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, It includes a central control subsystem, an information acquisition subsystem, an information storage subsystem, a user interaction terminal subsystem, and a dynamic optical path guidance subsystem; The central control subsystem includes: The system coordination and management module receives and manages all vehicle search requests, assigns a unique guiding color to each request based on the current system load and resource usage, and performs task queuing and scheduling. The route planning and decision-making module takes the user's interactive terminal location as the starting point and the path node closest to the target parking space as the ending point, calculates the optimal guidance route, and sends the planning results to the system coordination and management module. The data processing module receives and integrates real-time data from the information collection subsystem, updates the parking lot dynamic status map, and provides real-time data support for route planning and conflict detection. The information collection subsystem includes: The microcontroller performs preliminary processing and integration of the collected raw data, and sends the processed standard data packets to the central control subsystem and the information storage subsystem. The video recognition module automatically identifies the license plate information of the entering vehicle and analyzes the video stream in real time to determine the specific parking space coordinates of the vehicle, and outputs "license plate number - parking space coordinates" bound data; The sensor information acquisition module collects the trigger signals of each user's location tracking sensor in real time, and after filtering and verification, determines the sensor location information triggered by the user. The information storage subsystem includes: Static parking lot space data stores the coordinates and logical names of all parking spaces and path nodes, the coordinates and control addresses of all optical path guidance units, and the topological connection relationships between various devices. Dynamic data storage includes a real-time updated license plate number-parking space coordinate binding table, information on all currently active guidance tasks, real-time occupancy status of each optical path guidance unit and sensor, user vehicle search history, and system operation logs. The user interaction terminal subsystem includes: The microcontroller processes user input, controls the display output, and exchanges information with the central control subsystem. The human-computer interaction module provides a touch input interface to receive the license plate number entered by the user. It has a built-in input verification and intelligent error correction algorithm and submits the verified vehicle search request to the microcontroller. The display module receives guidance information and displays a simplified parking map on the screen. It also highlights the complete path from the current terminal to the target parking space using system-assigned colors, while displaying text guidance prompts. The power module provides stable power to the terminal equipment, ensuring continuous and reliable operation in the complex environment of the parking lot. The dynamic optical path guidance subsystem includes: The microcontroller receives and parses path planning and color assignment instructions from the central control subsystem, generates specific lighting control commands, and coordinates the collaborative work of each module. The dynamic optical path hardware module is responsible for the configuration, specifications, and functions of all core hardware required for the dynamic optical path network. The dynamic optical path control module controls each optical path guiding unit, controlling the optical path guiding unit at a specified address according to the light control instructions generated by the microcontroller.

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