Tuberculosis preventive therapy patient follow-up reminder and assessment system
By designing a follow-up reminder and assessment system for tuberculosis preventive treatment patients, the problem of insufficient follow-up frequency was solved, achieving efficient and personalized patient management and improving treatment adherence and the quality of medical services.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- 重庆市结核病防治所
- Filing Date
- 2026-03-09
- Publication Date
- 2026-06-12
Smart Images
Figure CN122201835A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of follow-up of patients undergoing preventive treatment for tuberculosis, specifically a follow-up reminder and assessment system for patients undergoing preventive treatment for tuberculosis. Background Technology
[0002] Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis, primarily transmitted through the air, and poses a significant threat to global public health. According to the World Health Organization, although the global incidence of TB has declined in recent years, it remains high in some developing countries. The spread and recurrence of TB are particularly prominent among HIV-infected individuals, immunocompromised individuals, and high-risk groups. Prophylactic treatment has become a crucial strategy for effectively controlling the spread of TB, typically involving long-term use of anti-TB drugs in high-risk populations. However, the effectiveness of prophylactic treatment is often affected by poor patient adherence. Studies have shown that failure to adhere to medication schedules is one of the main reasons for prophylactic treatment failure. Therefore, establishing an effective follow-up reminder system is essential to help patients improve adherence and reduce the risk of TB occurrence and transmission. Currently, many countries and regions have begun to try to establish follow-up reminder systems for patients undergoing preventive tuberculosis treatment, but the overall situation is still not ideal. Existing follow-up measures are mostly based on traditional methods, such as regular face-to-face follow-ups and telephone follow-ups. Although these methods can track patients' medication adherence to some extent, the frequency of follow-ups is insufficient, which can easily lead to patients becoming lax during treatment and missing or not taking their medication. Current follow-up methods often rely on patients actively contacting medical institutions, and poor communication means that patients cannot obtain important information about their treatment in a timely manner, such as follow-up times and test results, increasing patients' anxiety. Summary of the Invention
[0003] (a) Technical problems to be solved To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a follow-up reminder and assessment system for patients undergoing preventive treatment of tuberculosis. This system solves the problem that existing follow-up methods have insufficient follow-up frequency, which can easily lead to patients becoming lax during treatment and missing or not taking their medication.
[0004] (II) Technical Solution To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a follow-up reminder and assessment system for tuberculosis preventive treatment patients, comprising a system design module, an assessment module, a patient education module, and an implementation feedback module; The system design module establishes a user interface and functional modules for recording patient information; The assessment module is used to assess the health status of the collected patient data; The educational module provides patients with knowledge about tuberculosis for prevention and treatment. The implementation feedback module records and evaluates the effectiveness of follow-up visits, and continuously improves them.
[0005] Preferably, the user interface is divided into a medical staff end and a patient end; the patient end uses a simple and easy-to-use application or SMS system to facilitate patients to view personal information, receive reminders, and fill out questionnaires; the patient end is a management platform for medical workers to enter data, view patient conditions, and send reminders.
[0006] Preferably, the functional modules include regular reminders, multi-channel notifications, and personalized prompts; the regular reminders are sent according to the specific treatment plan; the multi-channel notifications are pushed in a tiered manner through various methods such as mobile phone text messages, emails, and application push notifications; Preferably, the tiered push is achieved by using multiple methods sequentially according to a set time. When pushing, an email read function is set. After one email is read, the subsequent push methods stop pushing. At the same time, after the last set push method shows that the email has not been read for a period of time, a pre-set family member number is notified to remind the patient. The formula is as follows: Push time settings: [D_i=D_{i-1}+\DeltaT\quad(i=1,2,\ldots,n)] Where (\DeltaT) is the time interval between each push; Email read receipt check: [R_i=\begin{cases}1&\text{if the email has been read}\0&\text{if the email has not been read}\end{cases}]; Conditions to stop subsequent push notifications: [\text{if}R_j=1\text{(where}j\leqn\text{)}\Rightarrow\text{stop push mode}M_{j+1},M_{j+2},\ldots,M_n]; Unread duration check: [\text{If}R_i=0\text{(For the final push method}L\text{)and}t-D_i\geqW\Rightarrow\text{Send reminder to family member number}N_h]; Notification of status update: [A=\begin{cases}1&\text{if an alert was sent}\0&\text{if no alert was sent}\end{cases}]; (T): Total push time; (M): Set of push methods ({M_1,M_2,\ldots,M_n}); (R_i): The read status of the (i)th push method (1: read, 0: unread); (D_i): The push time for the (i)th push method; (L): The last push notification method set; (W): Threshold for the duration of the unread state; (N_h): Family member number; (S): Read status (0: unread, 1: read); (A): Status of sending reminder (0: no reminder, 1: reminder sent).
[0007] Preferably, the assessment module includes health status assessment, data recording and tracking, and risk assessment; the health status assessment involves setting up a standardized questionnaire to assess the patient's self-perception, symptom changes, and medication adherence during follow-up; the data recording involves recording the results of each follow-up visit while comparing historical data to analyze trends and changes; the risk assessment involves providing early intervention measures and referral recommendations for patients identified as having adverse reactions or relapse risks after data analysis. Preferably, the health status assessment formula includes: Self-assessment: [S=\sum_{i=1}^{n}s_i] Where (s_i) is the patient’s self-perception score at the (i)th follow-up, and (n) is the number of follow-ups; Symptom change assessment: [C=C_n-C_1] Where (C_n) is the symptom score at the current follow-up, and (C_1) is the symptom score at the first follow-up. If (C>0), it indicates symptom improvement; if (C<0), it indicates symptom worsening. Medication adherence assessment: [A=\frac{R}{D}] Where (R) is the total dose of medication actually taken, and (D) is the total dose that should have been taken. The resulting value (A) ranges from 0 to 1; Overall assessment: To comprehensively assess a patient's overall condition, self-reported symptoms, symptom changes, and medication adherence can be combined to form a comprehensive score (T): [T=w_1\cdotS+w_2\cdotC+w_3\cdotA] Where (w_1, w_2, w_3) are weight coefficients, representing the importance of each factor (and satisfying (w_1+w_2+w_3=1)).
[0008] Preferably, the patient education module includes health education and psychological support; the health education provides relevant knowledge about tuberculosis and its prevention, helping patients understand the importance of treatment through system push and follow-up explanations; the psychological support involves paying attention to the patient's psychological state during follow-up, providing psychological questionnaires and recording data in a timely manner, and providing psychological counseling when necessary.
[0009] Preferably, the implementation feedback module includes effectiveness evaluation and continuous improvement; the effectiveness evaluation is to periodically assess the system's effectiveness based on feedback from patients and their families, including indicators such as patient compliance, treatment success rate, and patient satisfaction; the continuous improvement is to continuously adjust and optimize the system's functions and processes based on the evaluation results and provide personalized standards to improve service quality.
[0010] Preferably, the personalized standards are customized based on factors such as the patient's daily routine and usage habits, thereby improving the overall treatment effect and patient satisfaction; the mathematical formula for the personalized standards is: Comprehensive Characteristic Standard Scoring: [C=w_1\cdotL+w_2\cdotH+w_3\cdotD] Where (w_1, w_2, w_3) are weight coefficients, representing the importance of each factor (satisfying (w_1+w_2+w_3=1)); Adjustments to the personalized intervention plan: [P=C\times\frac{G}{10}] This formula indicates that personalized intervention plans are adjusted based on the comprehensive score and health goals. Here, health goals are standardized to a range of 10 to align with the comprehensive score; Rating improvement calculation: [I=\frac{C}{C_{\text{max}}}\times100] Where (C_{\text{max}}) is the maximum value of the overall score.
[0011] (III) Beneficial Effects This invention provides a follow-up reminder and assessment system for patients undergoing preventive treatment for tuberculosis. It has the following beneficial effects: 1. By using a tiered push notification system, combining multiple push methods, dynamically adjusting push strategies, and involving family members, it provides an efficient and personalized communication approach.
[0012] 2. The health status assessment formula, through multi-dimensional quantitative analysis, not only helps doctors accurately understand the patient's health status, but also promotes the patient's active participation and compliance. The introduction of comprehensive scoring makes the patient's health management more scientific and systematic, which is of great significance in improving treatment effectiveness and optimizing the quality of medical services.
[0013] 3. Comprehensive personalized scoring standards, through multi-dimensional assessment, flexible adjustment of intervention plans, real-time monitoring of effects, and enhanced patient participation, can effectively improve patient health management and enhance the quality of medical services. Attached Figure Description
[0014] Figure 1 This is a block diagram of the tuberculosis prophylactic treatment patient follow-up reminder and assessment system proposed in this invention; Figure 2 This is a partial structural block diagram of the tuberculosis preventive treatment patient follow-up reminder and assessment system proposed in this invention. Detailed Implementation
[0015] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0016] Example: like Figure 1-2 As shown, this embodiment of the invention provides a follow-up reminder and assessment system for patients undergoing preventive treatment of tuberculosis, including a system design module, an assessment module, a patient education module, and an implementation feedback module; The system design module establishes a user interface and functional modules for recording patient information; The assessment module is used to assess the health status of the collected patient data; The educational module provides patients with knowledge about tuberculosis for prevention and treatment. The implementation feedback module records and evaluates the effectiveness of follow-up visits, and continuously improves them.
[0017] The user interface is divided into a medical staff end and a patient end; the patient end uses a simple and easy-to-use application or SMS system to facilitate patients to view personal information, receive reminders and fill out questionnaires; the patient end is a management platform for medical staff to enter data, view patient conditions and send reminders.
[0018] The functional modules include regular reminders, multi-channel notifications, and personalized prompts; the regular reminders are sent according to the specific treatment plan; the multi-channel notifications are pushed in a tiered manner through various methods such as mobile phone text messages, emails, and application push notifications. The tiered push notification method involves sending emails sequentially using multiple methods at set times. An email read confirmation function is set during the push notification process. Once one email is read, subsequent push notifications stop. Additionally, after the last set push notification method has shown that the email is unread for a certain period of time, a pre-set family member number is notified to remind the patient. The formula is as follows: Push time settings: [D_i=D_{i-1}+\DeltaT\quad(i=1,2,\ldots,n)] Where (\DeltaT) is the time interval between each push; Email read receipt check: [R_i=\begin{cases}1&\text{if the email has been read}\0&\text{if the email has not been read}\end{cases}]; Conditions to stop subsequent push notifications: [\text{if}R_j=1\text{(where}j\leqn\text{)}\Rightarrow\text{stop push mode}M_{j+1},M_{j+2},\ldots,M_n]; Unread duration check: [\text{If}R_i=0\text{(For the final push method}L\text{)and}t-D_i\geqW\Rightarrow\text{Send reminder to family member number}N_h]; Notification of status update: [A=\begin{cases}1&\text{if an alert was sent}\0&\text{if no alert was sent}\end{cases}]; (T): Total push time; (M): Set of push methods ({M_1,M_2,\ldots,M_n}); (R_i): The read status of the (i)th push method (1: read, 0: unread); (D_i): The push time for the (i)th push method; (L): The last push notification method set; (W): Threshold for the duration of the unread state; (N_h): Family member number; (S): Read status (0: unread, 1: read); (A): Status of sending reminder (0: no reminder, 1: reminder sent).
[0019] The above application examples: Assume there are three push notification methods (M_1, M_2, M_3), the push interval is 2 hours, and the unread status monitoring period is 6 hours: Push method and push time: (D_1=0) (D_2=2) (D_3=4) Assuming (R_1=0), (R_2=0), (R_3=0) (all unread), at (t=10), check: check (R_3=0) and (t-D_3\geqW) (i.e. (10-4\geq6)) is true, therefore send a reminder to (N_h).
[0020] This mathematical formula and logical structure can effectively implement a tiered push mechanism to ensure that patients receive timely reminders.
[0021] The assessment module includes health status assessment, data recording and tracking, and risk assessment. The health status assessment involves setting up a standardized questionnaire to assess the patient's self-perception, symptom changes, and medication adherence during follow-up. The data recording involves recording the results of each follow-up visit and comparing historical data to analyze trends and changes. The risk assessment involves providing early intervention measures and referral recommendations to patients identified through data analysis as having the risk of adverse reactions or relapse. The health status assessment formula includes: Self-assessment: [S=\sum_{i=1}^{n}s_i] Where (s_i) is the patient’s self-perception score at the (i)th follow-up, and (n) is the number of follow-ups; Symptom change assessment: [C=C_n-C_1] Where (C_n) is the symptom score at the current follow-up, and (C_1) is the symptom score at the first follow-up. If (C>0), it indicates symptom improvement; if (C<0), it indicates symptom worsening. Medication adherence assessment: [A=\frac{R}{D}] Where (R) is the total dose of medication actually taken, and (D) is the total dose that should have been taken. The resulting value (A) ranges from 0 to 1; Overall assessment: To comprehensively assess a patient's overall condition, self-reported symptoms, symptom changes, and medication adherence can be combined to form a comprehensive score (T): [T=w_1\cdotS+w_2\cdotC+w_3\cdotA] Where (w_1, w_2, w_3) are weight coefficients, representing the importance of each factor (and satisfying (w_1+w_2+w_3=1)).
[0022] The above application examples: Suppose that during the follow-up process, the patient's feedback is as follows: Follow-up 1: Self-perception score (s_1=6), symptom score (C_1=4) Follow-up 2: Self-perception score (s_2=7), symptom score (C_2=5) Follow-up 3: Self-perception score (s_3=8), symptom score (C_3=8) Medication usage: The total dose of medication to be taken (D=30) mg Actual total dose of medication taken (R=25) mg Calculation process: Self-assessment: [S=s_1+s_2+s_3=6+7+8=21]Symptom change assessment: [C=C_3-C_1=8-4=4] Medication adherence assessment: [A=\frac{R}{D}=\frac{25}{30}\approx0.833] The overall evaluation is weighted (w_1=0.4, w_2=0.4, w_3=0.2): [T=0.4\cdotS+0.4\cdotC+0.2\cdotA=0.4\cdot21+0.4\cdot4+0.2\cdot0.833\approx8.4+1.6+0.1666\approx10.1666] Using the formulas above, you can quantitatively assess a patient's self-perception, symptom changes, and medication adherence, providing a basis for subsequent medical decisions.
[0023] The patient education module includes health education and psychological support. The health education provides relevant knowledge about tuberculosis and its prevention, helping patients understand the importance of treatment through system push notifications and follow-up explanations. The psychological support involves monitoring the patient's mental state during follow-up visits, providing psychological questionnaires and recording data in a timely manner, and providing psychological counseling when necessary.
[0024] The implementation feedback module includes effectiveness evaluation and continuous improvement. The effectiveness evaluation is to periodically assess the system's effectiveness based on feedback from patients and their families, including indicators such as patient compliance, treatment success rate, and patient satisfaction. The continuous improvement is to continuously adjust and optimize the system's functions and processes based on the evaluation results and provide personalized standards to improve service quality.
[0025] The personalized standards are customized based on factors such as the patient's daily routine and usage habits, thereby improving the overall treatment effect and patient satisfaction; the mathematical formula for the personalized standards is: Comprehensive Characteristic Standard Scoring: [C=w_1\cdotL+w_2\cdotH+w_3\cdotD] Where (w_1, w_2, w_3) are weight coefficients, representing the importance of each factor (satisfying (w_1+w_2+w_3=1)); Adjustments to the personalized intervention plan: [P=C\times\frac{G}{10}] This formula indicates that personalized intervention plans are adjusted based on the comprehensive score and health goals. Here, health goals are standardized to a range of 10 to align with the comprehensive score; Rating improvement calculation: [I=\frac{C}{C_{\text{max}}}\times100] Where (C_{\text{max}}) is the maximum value of the overall score.
[0026] Application examples of the above formula: Suppose the assessment results for a certain patient are as follows: Lifestyle Rating (L=7) User habit rating (H=6) Personalized service requirement score (D=8) Set weights: (w_1=0.4) (w_2=0.3) (w_3=0.3) Calculation process: Calculate the overall characteristic standard score (C): [C=0.4\cdot7+0.3\cdot6+0.3\cdot8=2.8+1.8+2.4=7.0] Setting health goals (G): Assume the patient's health goal is to lower blood sugar, and the goal score is 8 (out of 10).
[0027] Calculate the individualized intervention score (P): [P=C×G10=7.0×810=7.0×0.8=5.6] Calculate the score improvement (I): [I=C×C_max×100=7.0×100=70%].
[0028] Using the above formulas and steps, corresponding intervention plans can be developed based on the patient's daily routine, usage habits, and personalized service needs.
[0029] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims
1. A follow-up reminder and assessment system for patients undergoing preventive treatment for tuberculosis, characterized in that: It includes a system design module, an evaluation module, a patient education module, and an implementation feedback module; The system design module establishes a user interface and functional modules for recording patient information; The assessment module is used to assess the health status of the collected patient data; The educational module provides patients with knowledge about tuberculosis for prevention and treatment. The implementation feedback module records and evaluates the effectiveness of follow-up visits, and continuously improves them.
2. The tuberculosis prophylactic treatment patient follow-up reminder and assessment system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The user interface is divided into a medical staff terminal and a patient terminal. The patient terminal uses a simple and easy-to-use application or SMS system to facilitate patients to view personal information, receive reminders, and fill out questionnaires. The medical staff terminal is a management platform for medical workers to enter data, view patient conditions, and send reminders.
3. The tuberculosis prophylactic treatment patient follow-up reminder and assessment system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The functional modules include regular reminders, multi-channel notifications, and personalized prompts; the regular reminders are sent according to the specific treatment plan; the multi-channel notifications are pushed in a tiered manner through various methods such as mobile phone text messages, emails, and application push notifications.
4. The tuberculosis prophylactic treatment patient follow-up reminder and assessment system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The tiered push notification method involves sending emails sequentially using multiple methods at set times. An email read confirmation function is set during the push notification process. Once one email is read, subsequent push notifications stop. Additionally, after the last set push notification method has shown that the email is unread for a certain period of time, a pre-set family member number is notified to remind the patient. The formula is as follows: Push time settings: [D_i=D_{i-1}+\DeltaT\quad(i=1,2,\ldots,n)] Where (\DeltaT) is the time interval between each push; Email read receipt check: [R_i=\begin{cases}1&\text{if the email has been read}\0&\text{if the email has not been read}\end{cases}]; Conditions to stop subsequent push notifications: [\text{if}R_j=1\text{(where}j\leqn\text{)}\Rightarrow\text{stop push mode}M_{j+1},M_{j+2},\ldots,M_n]; Unread duration check: [\text{If}R_i=0\text{(For the final push method}L\text{)and}t-D_i\geqW\Rightarrow\text{Send reminder to family member number}N_h]; Notification of status update: [A=\begin{cases}1&\text{if an alert was sent}\0&\text{if no alert was sent}\end{cases}]; (T): Total push time; (M): Set of push methods ({M_1,M_2,\ldots,M_n}); (R_i): The read status of the (i)th push method (1: read, 0: unread); (D_i): The push time for the (i)th push method; (L): The last push notification method set; (W): Threshold for the duration of the unread state; (N_h): Family member number; (S): Read status (0: unread, 1: read); (A): Status of the notification (0: no notification, 1: notification sent).
5. The tuberculosis prophylactic treatment patient follow-up reminder and assessment system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The assessment module includes health status assessment, data recording and tracking, and risk assessment. The health status assessment involves setting up a standardized questionnaire to assess the patient's self-perception, symptom changes, and medication adherence during follow-up visits. The data recording involves recording the results of each follow-up visit and comparing historical data to analyze trends and changes. The risk assessment involves providing early intervention measures and referral recommendations to patients identified through data analysis who have adverse reactions or disease risks.
6. The tuberculosis prophylactic treatment patient follow-up reminder and assessment system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The health status assessment formula includes: Self-assessment: [S=\sum_{i=1}^{n}s_i] Where (s_i) is the patient’s self-perception score at the (i)th follow-up, and (n) is the number of follow-ups; Symptom change assessment: [C=C_n-C_1] Where (C_n) is the symptom score at the current follow-up, and (C_1) is the symptom score at the first follow-up. If (C>0), it indicates symptom improvement; if (C<0), it indicates symptom worsening. Medication adherence assessment: [A=\frac{R}{D}] Where (R) is the total dose of medication actually taken, and (D) is the total dose that should have been taken. The resulting value (A) ranges from 0 to 1; Overall assessment: To comprehensively assess a patient's overall condition, self-reported symptoms, symptom changes, and medication adherence can be combined to form a comprehensive score (T): [T=w_1\cdotS+w_2\cdotC+w_3\cdotA] Where (w_1, w_2, w_3) are weight coefficients, representing the importance of each factor (and satisfying (w_1+w_2+w_3=1)).
7. The tuberculosis prophylactic treatment patient follow-up reminder and assessment system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The patient education module includes health education and psychological support; The health education provides relevant knowledge about tuberculosis and its prevention, helping patients understand the importance of treatment through system push notifications and follow-up explanations; the psychological support involves monitoring the patient's mental state during follow-up visits, providing psychological questionnaires and recording data in a timely manner, and providing psychological counseling when necessary.
8. The tuberculosis prophylactic treatment patient follow-up reminder and assessment system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The implementation feedback module includes effectiveness evaluation and continuous improvement; the effectiveness evaluation is to periodically assess the system's effectiveness based on feedback from patients and their families, including indicators such as patient compliance, treatment success rate, patient satisfaction, and ease of use. The continuous improvement refers to constantly adjusting and optimizing the system's functions and processes based on the evaluation results, and providing customized standards to improve service quality.
9. The tuberculosis prophylactic treatment patient follow-up reminder and assessment system according to claim 8, characterized in that: The personalized standards are customized based on factors such as the patient's daily routine and usage habits, thereby improving the overall treatment effect and patient satisfaction; the mathematical formula for the personalized standards is: Comprehensive Characteristic Standard Scoring: [C=w_1\cdotL+w_2\cdotH+w_3\cdotD] Where (w_1, w_2, w_3) are weight coefficients, representing the importance of each factor (satisfying (w_1+w_2+w_3=1)); Adjustments to the personalized intervention plan: [P=C\times\frac{G}{10}] This formula indicates that personalized intervention plans are adjusted based on the comprehensive score and health goals. Here, health goals are standardized to a range of 10 to align with the comprehensive score; Rating improvement calculation: [I=\frac{C}{C_{\text{max}}}\times100] Where (C_{\text{max}}) is the maximum value of the overall score.