Terminal, wireless communication method, and base station

Abstract

A terminal according to an aspect of the present disclosure includes: a reception unit configured to receive a synchronization signal block common to a plurality of operators, a set of a plurality of identifiers for identifying the operators, and information indicating whether or not a cell sharing a frequency resource for the plurality of operators; and a control unit configured to control an operation related to initial access based on the common synchronization signal, the set of the identifiers, and the information, the set of the identifiers being received after transmission of a physical random access channel based on the synchronization signal block. According to an aspect of the present disclosure, initial access using a shared resource can be appropriately performed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure relates to terminals, wireless communication methods, and base stations in next-generation mobile communication systems. Background Technology

[0002] In Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS) networks, Long Term Evolution (LTE) was standardized with the aim of achieving higher data rates and lower latency (Non-Patent Document 1). Furthermore, LTE-Advanced (3GPP Rel. 10-14) was standardized with the aim of further increasing capacity and improving the height of LTE (Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) Release (Rel.) 8, 9).

[0003] The development of successor systems to LTE is also underway (e.g., also known as the 5th generation mobile communication system (5G), 5G+, the 6th generation mobile communication system (6G), New Radio (NR), 3GPP Rel.15 and later, etc.).

[0004] Existing technical documents

[0005] Non-patent literature

[0006] Non-patent document 1: 3GPP TS 36.300 V8.12.0 “Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA) and Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access Network (E-UTRAN); Overall description; Stage 2 (Release 8)”, April 2010 Summary of the Invention

[0007] The problem that the invention aims to solve

[0008] In future wireless communication systems, with the aim of maximizing the efficiency of frequency band utilization (existing frequency bands and new high-frequency bands), research is underway on multiple operators sharing sites / resources.

[0009] However, the initial access procedures for multiple operators sharing resources have not been fully studied. Insufficient research in this area hinders flexible communication deployment for each operator, raising concerns that it may suppress improvements in communication quality.

[0010] Therefore, one of the purposes of this disclosure is to provide terminals, wireless communication methods, and base stations that can properly determine and utilize shared resources.

[0011] Methods for solving problems

[0012] According to one aspect of this disclosure, a terminal is characterized by comprising: a receiving unit that receives a common synchronization signal block shared among multiple operators, a set of multiple identifiers for identifying operators, and information indicating whether a cell is sharing frequency resources among multiple operators; and a control unit that controls operations related to initial access based on the common synchronization signal, the set of identifiers, and the information, wherein the set of identifiers is received after transmission of a physical random access channel based on the synchronization signal block.

[0013] Invention Effects

[0014] According to one method of this disclosure, it is possible to properly perform initial access using shared resources. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a diagram illustrating an example of an initial access method.

[0016] Figures 2A to 2D This is a diagram illustrating an example of a shared scenario.

[0017] Figures 3A to 3C This is a diagram illustrating an example of shared resources.

[0018] Figure 4 This is a diagram illustrating an example of the initial access procedure involved in the first embodiment.

[0019] Figure 5 This is a diagram illustrating an example of the initial access process involved in the second embodiment.

[0020] Figure 6 This is a diagram illustrating an example of the initial access process involved in option 4a of the fourth embodiment.

[0021] Figure 7 This is a diagram illustrating an example of the initial access process involved in option 4b of the fourth embodiment.

[0022] Figure 8 This is a diagram illustrating an example of the initial access process according to the fifth embodiment.

[0023] Figure 9 This is a diagram illustrating an example of the initial access process according to the sixth embodiment.

[0024] Figure 10 This is a diagram illustrating an example of the schematic structure of a wireless communication system according to one embodiment.

[0025] Figure 11 This is a diagram illustrating an example of the structure of a base station according to one embodiment.

[0026] Figure 12 This is a diagram illustrating an example of the structure of a user terminal according to one embodiment.

[0027] Figure 13 This is a diagram illustrating an example of the hardware structure of a base station and a user terminal according to one embodiment.

[0028] Figure 14 This is a diagram illustrating an example of a vehicle according to one embodiment. Detailed Implementation

[0029] (Initial access process)

[0030] The following is based on Figure 1 Taking this as an example, the method / process of initial access will be explained.

[0031] After receiving the SSB, the UE performs the initial access procedure. During the initial access procedure (in RRC_IDLE mode), the terminal (also known as the user terminal or user equipment (UE)) performs the following: receiving the SS / PBCH block (SSB), sending message (Msg.) 1 (PRACH / random access preamble), receiving Msg.2 (PDCCH, PDSCH containing the random access response (RAR)), sending Msg.3 (PUSCH scheduled through RAR UL permission), and receiving Msg.4 (PDCCH, PDSCH containing the UE contention resolution identity). Subsequently, if the UE sends an ACK for Msg.4 to the base station (network), an RRC connection is established (RRC_CONNECTED mode).

[0032] SSB reception includes PSS detection, SSS detection, PBCH-DMRS detection, and PBCH reception. PSS detection performs a portion of the Physical Cell ID (PCI), OFDM symbol timing detection (synchronization), and coarse frequency synchronization. SSS detection includes the Physical Cell ID detection. PBCH-DMRS detection includes the detection of a portion of the SSB index within a half-frame (5ms). PBCH reception includes the detection of the system frame number (SFN) and radio frame timing (SSB index), reception of remaining minimum system information (RMSI, SIB1) for setting information, and identification of whether the UE can camp on the cell (carrier).

[0033] The SSB has a bandwidth of 20 RBs and a duration of 4 symbols. The SSB transmission period can be set from {5, 10, 20, 40, 80, 160} ms. Within a half-frame, multiple symbol positions of the SSB are defined based on the frequency range (FR1, FR2).

[0034] The PBCH has a 56-bit payload. N repetitions of the PBCH are transmitted within an 80ms period. N depends on the SSB transmission period.

[0035] System information includes: MIB, RMSI (SIB1), and other system information (OSI) carried by PBCH. SIB1 contains information used for RACH setup and the RACH process. The time / frequency relationship between resources monitored by SSB and SIB1 using PDCCH is set by PBCH.

[0036] The SIB1 PDSCH is transmitted periodically. This PDSCH is scheduled by type 0-PDCCH. One SSB corresponds to one SIB1 PDSCH. An SIB1 PDSCH may be repeated twice or not at all. SIB1 sets the Public Land Mobile Network (PLMN) ID. The PLMN ID can also be referred to as the Mobile Network Operator (MNO) identifier.

[0037] The so-called PLMN ID refers to a global and unique identifier used for the identification of an MNO.

[0038] The UE identifies the MNO performing network access operations based on specific parameters in system information (e.g., SIB1) (e.g., a list of PLMN ID information in cell access relationship information (e.g., CellAccessRelatedInfo) (e.g., PLMN-IdentityInfoList)).

[0039] Base stations using beam correspondence transmit multiple SSBs using multiple beams (simulated beams) per SSB transmission cycle. These multiple SSBs can also be referred to as SSB bursts. Each SSB has multiple SSB indices. A UE that detects an SSB transmits a PRACH at the RACH timing associated with that SSB index and receives a RAR within the RAR window.

[0040] (Sharing among multiple MNOs)

[0041] For 6G, the following requirements are being studied.

[0042] - Ultra-wideband communication.

[0043] - Communication that is indispensable for business execution (mission critical communication).

[0044] - Ultra massive connection.

[0045] - Universal coverage.

[0046] - Intelligent connection.

[0047] - Ubiquitous sensing.

[0048] - New use case.

[0049] In addition to the objectives mentioned above, the following new concepts can also be considered as objectives.

[0050] - Scalable (e.g., more future-proof).

[0051] - Customizable (e.g., making it easier to use).

[0052] - Sustainable (e.g., reducing costs, making it more robust).

[0053] To reduce base station configuration (deployment) costs, even for applications in licensed spectrum, the following factors that can be considered for sharing among mobile network operators (MNOs) can be examined.

[0054] - Existing sharing from LTE (equipment sharing). Core network sharing (gateway core network, GWCN, multi-operator core network, MOCN). Different operators share cells, enabling the provision of different PLMN IDs to different operators.

[0055] - RAN sharing (multi-operator RAN, MORAN). Different operators share base station hardware, enabling them to provide different cells to different operators.

[0056] - Site sharing. Different operators can share sites, thus enabling the provision of different base stations to different operators.

[0057] - Spectrum sharing.

[0058] Figures 2A to 2D This is a diagram illustrating an example of a shared scenario.

[0059] Figure 2A This illustrates an example of site sharing. For example... Figure 2A As shown, in site sharing, antennas and sites are shared by multiple operators. On the other hand, the service platform, HSS (Home Subscriber Server) / HLR (Home Location Register), core network packet switching (Core Network (CN) Packet Switching (PS))), base stations, and cells / frequency are independent for each of the multiple service providers.

[0060] Figure 2B An example of MORAN (Multi-Operator RAN) is shown. Figure 2B As shown, in MORAN, in addition to antennas and sites, a portion of the base station (e.g., base station hardware) is shared by multiple operators. On the other hand, the serving platform, HSS / HLR, CN PS, other parts of the base station (e.g., base station software), and cells / frequency are independent for each of the multiple operators.

[0061] Figure 2C An example of a MOCN (Multi Operator Core Network) is shown. Figure 2C As shown, in MOCN, base stations and cells / frequency are shared by multiple operators. On the other hand, the service platform, HSS / HLR, and CN PS are independent for each of the multiple operators.

[0062] Figure 2D An example of a GWCN (Gateway Core Network) is shown. Figure 2D As shown, in a GWCN, multiple operators share CN PS, base stations, and cells / frequency. On the other hand, the service platform and HSS / HLR are independent for each of the multiple operators.

[0063] For example, in MOCN / GWCN, a cell is shared by multiple operators, so it is desirable to be able to change settings for each operator (e.g., the Public Land Mobile Network (PLMN ID) associated with each PLMN).

[0064] As mentioned above, the methods for sharing base station equipment / resources among multiple operators have not been fully studied. For example, the scenario where each operator's resources are time-division multiplexed (TDM) as shared frequency resources (see [reference]). Figure 3A ), the case of being frequency division multiplexed (FDM) (see Figure 3B ), and the cases involving TDM and FDM (also known as flexible TDM / FDM, see reference). Figure 3C ).

[0065] However, in the case of shared frequency resources, there are concerns about reduced frequency utilization efficiency and network-side energy saving efficiency when each operator controls time / frequency resources to be orthogonal.

[0066] In this way, if the settings for a specific UE cannot be changed across multiple operators, flexible communication can not be used for each operator, and therefore the resources involved in flexible and appropriate initial access cannot be determined, which raises concerns about inhibiting the improvement of communication quality.

[0067] Therefore, the inventors of this invention conceived of a method for using shared resources based on efficient station installation / flexible frequency utilization through resource sharing.

[0068] The embodiments disclosed herein will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The wireless communication methods described in each embodiment can be applied individually or in combination.

[0069] In this disclosure, "A / B" and "at least one of A and B" may be rewritten as each other. In addition, in this disclosure, "A / B / C" may also mean "at least one of A, B and C".

[0070] In this disclosure, terms such as notification, activation, deactivation, indication (or indication), selection, configuration, update, and determination can be overridden. Similarly, terms such as support, control, ability to control, operation, and ability to operate can also be overridden.

[0071] In this disclosure, Radio Resource Control (RRC), RRC parameters, RRC messages, higher-level parameters, fields, Information Elements (IE), settings, etc., can also be modified interchangeably. In this disclosure, Medium Access Control (MAC) elements (MAC ControlElement (CE)), update commands, activation / deactivation commands, etc., can also be modified interchangeably.

[0072] In this disclosure, higher-level signaling may be, for example, any one or a combination of Radio Resource Control (RRC) signaling, Medium Access Control (MAC) signaling, broadcast information, etc.

[0073] In this disclosure, MAC signaling may also use, for example, a MAC Control Element (MACCE) or a MAC Protocol Data Unit (PDU). Broadcast information may also be, for example, a Master Information Block (MIB), a System Information Block (SIB), a Minimum System Information (Remaining Minimum System Information (RMSI)), or Other System Information (OSI).

[0074] In this disclosure, physical layer signaling may also be, for example, downlink control information (DCI), uplink control information (UCI), etc.

[0075] In this disclosure, a b a_b and the notation (expression) of a with b appended to the lower right corner can also be interchanged. In this disclosure, a c The notation a^c, a^c, and a^c with c appended to the upper right of a can also be interchanged. In this disclosure, a b cThe notation methods a_b^c, a_b^c, and a_b^c with b appended to the lower right and c appended to the upper right can also be rewritten. In this disclosure, ceil(x), the floor function (rounding up), and the ceiling function can also be rewritten. In this disclosure, floor(x), the floor function (rounding down), and the floor function can also be rewritten. In this disclosure, sqrt(x) and the square root (root) can also be rewritten. In this disclosure, x... ~ A tilde (~) can be appended to x to indicate this, and it can also be referred to as an x ​​tilde. In this disclosure, x - It can be represented by adding a hyphen (-) above x, and can also be called x-bar.

[0076] In this disclosure, MNO, operator, PLMN, operator policy, settings for each operator, and settings for each operator can also be modified. In this disclosure, MNO, NW, base station, central unit (CU), distributed unit (DU), radio unit (RU), and TRP can also be modified.

[0077] In this disclosure, specific IDs, PLMN IDs, IDs associated with PLMNs, IDs associated with operators, PLMNs, more than one piece of information identified by PLMNs, sets of PLMNs, and IDs / information / parameters used to identify operators / MNOs / operators can also be rewritten.

[0078] In this disclosure, the system information (SI), a portion of the system information, partial system information, MIB, SIB, SIB for initial access, SIB1, SIB X (x is an arbitrary number), downlink shared channel carrying system information, and PDSCH carrying system information can also be rewritten.

[0079] (Wireless communication method)

[0080] During the connection with the cell, the UE can follow the procedures described above. Figure 1 The initial access method shown can also be followed in a different way.

[0081] The specific signal / message received during initial access (e.g., message x) can also refer to the sending / receiving of a signal / message based on common parameters.

[0082] The UE can also determine, based on specific signals, whether or not it can establish a connection to the cell, using information related to the cell's operator (e.g., PLMN ID) and at least one of the access class.

[0083] In this disclosure, the term "access category" can also refer to the type of (permitted) communication request in the UE. Such communication request may include, for example, an answer to an incoming call, an emergency initiation (emergency call), a voice call, a video call, etc.

[0084] In this disclosure, for convenience, a cell that shares frequency resources among multiple operators will be referred to as "cell x", but this does not represent a specific name for the cell.

[0085] The UE can also receive specific signals that are common to operators (UE common signals) and conduct connection-related communication in cell x.

[0086] The embodiments described below can also be applied based on the premise that the UE attempts to connect to a certain operator (corresponding cell) / PLMN. In this disclosure, for convenience, the operator / PLMN will be referred to as "PLMN#A".

[0087] In this disclosure, the term "(multiple) operator common" may mean without distinction between operators, or it may mean that the UE can utilize it without depending on the operator.

[0088] In this publication, "later" can also be interchanged with "after".

[0089] The initial / random access procedure in various embodiments of this disclosure may also include a specific number of steps.

[0090] The initial / random access procedure in various embodiments of this disclosure may be, for example, a 4-step random access procedure (e.g., a random access procedure using message 1 (PRACH), message 2 (RAR), message 3, and message 4), a 2-step random access procedure (e.g., a random access procedure using message A and message B), or an N-step random access procedure (N being any number). Furthermore, the initial access procedure in various embodiments of this disclosure may also differ from a portion of the existing (as specified prior to Rel. 18) initial / random access procedures.

[0091] The received DL channel / signal may also contain a reference signal (e.g., DMRS / CSI-RS / TRS / PTRS).

[0092] The DL channel / signal in this disclosure can also be rewritten as any DL channel / signal (e.g., PDCCH / PDSCH), and the UL channel / signal in this disclosure can also be rewritten as any UL channel / signal (e.g., PUCCH / PUSCH).

[0093] In this disclosure, "(multiple) UE common signals" can also refer to signals shared among multiple UEs or signals set based on shared resources. In this disclosure, "(multiple) UE common signals" can be based on whether they are shared among operators, or it can be independent of whether they are shared among operators.

[0094] In this disclosure, the terms PLMN-common, PLMN-dedicated, UE-common, and UE-dedicated may also refer to PLMN-common, PLMN-dedicated, UE-common, and UE-dedicated settings, resources, and signals, respectively.

[0095] In this disclosure, PLMN common settings / resources / signals may refer to settings / resources / signals that are independent of PLMN IDs (not associated with PLMN IDs), or settings / resources / signals that are associated with multiple PLMN IDs.

[0096] In this disclosure, PLMN public settings / resources / signals may also refer to settings / resources / signals associated with a PLMN ID.

[0097] <Empirical Implementation>

[0098] The UE can also be notified of the connected cell as cell x using a specific DL signal.

[0099] The UE can also perform operations related to connecting to cell x based on this notification.

[0100] The specific DL signal may also be, for example, at least one of PDCCH / CORESET (e.g., PDCCH / CORESET (PDCCH0 / CORESET0) for monitoring system information), system information (e.g., SIB1 / other SIB), message 2PDSCH, message 4PDCCH, and message 4PDSCH.

[0101] For the UE, the access category can also be notified using a specific DL signal. The specific access category number can also be associated with cell x. In this case, the access category can also indicate that the cell the UE is connected to is cell x.

[0102] In addition, for the UE, the signal used for notification of the PLMN in a cell other than cell x (non-cell x) can also be used to notify cell x (instead of PLMN / replace PLMN).

[0103] When the UE is connected to a non-cell x, the UE can also receive information related to cell x via the non-cell x.

[0104] The UE can also receive information indicating that the connected cell is cell x, along with information related to multiple PLMNs (e.g., multiple PLMN IDs, PLMN sets).

[0105] The UE can also receive information indicating that the connected cell is cell x separately from information related to multiple PLMNs (e.g., multiple PLMN IDs, PLMN sets).

[0106] The UE can also perform operations related to CA / DC using cell x and non-cell x.

[0107] When cell x is used as a specific cell (e.g., PCell / Special Cell (SpCell) / SCell), the UE may also assume / expect / determine that at least one of the UE common signals in cell x is an inter-operator common signal.

[0108] In this disclosure, SpCell may also refer to PCell / PSCell.

[0109] The following first to eighth embodiments relate to PLMN common and PLMN specific settings / signaling during initial access.

[0110] The mode / operation corresponding to the first to eighth embodiments can also be specified. The UE can also determine the switching / application / operation of at least two modes / operations corresponding to the first to eighth embodiments based on specific settings / instructions.

[0111] <First Implementation>

[0112] The UE can also receive SSBs in cell x.

[0113] This SSB can also be a shared SSB among multiple operators.

[0114] The UE may also receive, in the SSB (e.g., PBCH / MIB), at least one of the following: information related to multiple operators capable of making connections to cell x (multiple specific IDs (e.g., PLMN IDs), information associated with multiple specific IDs, e.g., a set of PLMNs), and settings related to communication for each PLMN.

[0115] The UE can also assume that the signals received by the MIB before the MIB is common to the PLMN / common to the UE. Alternatively, the UE can assume that the signals received by the MIB after the MIB (signals involved in the initial access) are PLMN-specific / common to the UE.

[0116] Alternatively, if the PLMN set received by the UE includes a PLMN (PLMN#A) corresponding to the UE, the UE will perform signal transmission and reception after receiving the MIB based on the communication settings related to PLMN#A.

[0117] The received signal after the MIB is received may be, for example, at least one of PDCCH / CORESET (e.g., PDCCH / CORESET (PDCCH0 / CORESET0) for monitoring system information), system information (e.g., SIB1 / other SIB), message 2PDSCH (RAR), message 4PDCCH, and message 4PDSCH.

[0118] The transmission signal after receiving the MIB can be, for example, at least one of PRACH (Message 1 / RACH preamble), Message 3PUSCH (RRC establishment request), and HARQ-ACK for Message 4PDSCH.

[0119] Alternatively, if the PLMN set received by the UE does not contain the PLMN (PLMN#A) corresponding to the UE, the UE determines that it cannot establish a connection to cell x. In this case, the UE may also refrain from transmitting and receiving signals after receiving the MIB in cell x.

[0120] The UE may also initiate an initial access procedure to establish a connection to another cell (e.g., a non-cell x) if it determines that a connection to cell x cannot be established.

[0121] Figure 4 This diagram illustrates an example of the initial access process involved in the first embodiment. Figure 4 In the example shown, the UE receives the PLMN set in the PBCH, according to the settings common to each PLMN. Figure 4 In the example shown, the UE transmits and receives signals prior to receiving the PLMN common / UE common PBCH (MIB), and transmits and receives signals after receiving the MIB, which is a PLMN specific / UE common signal (signals involved in initial access).

[0122] According to the first embodiment above, by setting the SSB to be common to all operators, each operator can flexibly determine the signal received by the SSB.

[0123] <Second Implementation>

[0124] The UE can also receive SS / PBCH / MIB in cell x.

[0125] The SS / PBCH / MIB can also be a common SSB among multiple operators.

[0126] The UE may also receive, in the first system information (e.g., SIB1) determined / scheduled via the SS / PBCH / MIB, information (PLMN set) related to multiple operators capable of making connections to cell x, and at least one of the settings related to communication for each PLMN.

[0127] The UE can also envision that the signals prior to the reception of the first system information are PLMN common / UE common. Alternatively, the UE can envision that the signals after the reception of the first system information (signals involved in initial access) are PLMN specific / UE common.

[0128] Alternatively, if the PLMN set received by the UE includes a PLMN (PLMN#A) corresponding to the UE, the UE performs signal transmission and reception after receiving the first system information based on the communication settings related to PLMN#A.

[0129] The received signal after receiving the first system information can be, for example, at least one of message 2PDSCH (RAR), message 4PDCCH, and message 4PDSCH.

[0130] The transmission signal after receiving the first system information can be, for example, at least one of PRACH (Message 1 / RACH preamble), Message 3PUSCH (RRC establishment request), and HARQ-ACK for Message 4PDSCH.

[0131] Alternatively, if the PLMN set received by the UE does not contain the PLMN (PLMN#A) corresponding to the UE, the UE determines that it cannot establish a connection to cell x. In this case, the UE may also refrain from transmitting and receiving signals after receiving the first system information in cell x.

[0132] The UE may also initiate an initial access procedure to establish a connection to another cell (e.g., a non-cell x) if it determines that a connection to cell x cannot be established.

[0133] Figure 5 This diagram illustrates an example of the initial access process involved in the second embodiment. Figure 5 In the example shown, the UE receives the PLMN set and the settings common to each PLMN in the SIB1 PDSCH. Figure 5In the example shown, the UE transmits and receives signals prior to receiving the PLMN common / UE common SIB1 PDSCH, and transmits and receives signals after receiving the PLMN specific / UE common SIB1 PDSCH (signals involved in initial access).

[0134] According to the second embodiment above, by setting the system information determined / scheduled by SS / PBCH / MIB to be common to all operators, each operator can flexibly determine the signal after receiving the system information.

[0135] <Third Implementation Method>

[0136] The UE can also receive SS / PBCH / MIB / first system information in cell x.

[0137] The SS / PBCH / MIB / first system information can also be a common SSB among multiple operators.

[0138] The UE may also receive, in other system information (e.g., SIBx) received after the first system information (e.g., SIB1), information related to multiple operators (PLMN set) capable of making connections to cell x, and at least one of the settings related to communication for each PLMN.

[0139] The UE can also envision that the signals prior to receiving other system information are PLMN common / UE common. Alternatively, the UE can envision that the signals after receiving other system information (signals involved in initial access) are PLMN specific / UE common.

[0140] The UE can also be notified in the first system information that the PLMN set is included in other system information.

[0141] Even if the first system information does not contain a set of PLMNs, the UE can assume / determine that the other system information contains a set of PLMNs.

[0142] If the PLMN set received by the UE includes a PLMN (PLMN#A) corresponding to the UE, the UE can also perform signal transmission and reception after receiving other system information based on the communication settings related to PLMN#A.

[0143] In addition, the UE can also perform / start random access-related operations after receiving other system information. The UE can also determine that it will not perform random access-related operations (PRACH transmission) until the other system information is received.

[0144] The received signal after receiving other system information can be, for example, at least one of message 2PDSCH (RAR), message 4PDCCH, and message 4PDSCH.

[0145] The transmission signal after receiving other system information can be, for example, at least one of PRACH (Message 1 / RACH preamble), Message 3PUSCH (RRC establishment request), and HARQ-ACK for Message 4PDSCH.

[0146] Alternatively, if the PLMN set received by the UE does not contain the PLMN (PLMN#A) corresponding to the UE, the UE determines that it cannot establish a connection to cell x. In this case, the UE can also refrain from receiving other system information and then transmitting or receiving signals in cell x.

[0147] The UE may also initiate an initial access procedure to establish a connection to another cell (e.g., a non-cell x) if it determines that a connection to cell x cannot be established.

[0148] According to the third embodiment above, by setting other system information after receiving the first system information to be common to operators, each operator can flexibly determine the signal after receiving the other system information.

[0149] <Fourth Implementation>

[0150] The UE can also receive SS / PBCH / MIB / system information (e.g., first system information / other system information) in cell x.

[0151] The SS / PBCH / MIB / system information (e.g., first system information / other system information) can also be a common SSB among multiple operators.

[0152] The UE can also use resources shared by multiple operators to send PRACH.

[0153] The UE may also receive, in the RAR for PRACH, at least one of the following: information related to multiple operators (PLMN set) capable of making connections to cell x, and settings related to communication for each PLMN.

[0154] The UE can also assume that the signals received by the RAR before the RAR are PLMN common / UE common. The UE can also assume that the signals received by the RAR after the RAR (signals involved in the initial access) are PLMN specific / UE common.

[0155] The UE may also be notified in system information (e.g., first system information / other system information) that the RAR contains a set of PLMNs.

[0156] In at least one of the following situations, the UE may assume / determine that the PLMN set is included in the other system information: either the system information (e.g., first system information / other system information) does not contain the PLMN set, or the PRACH resources are common among multiple operators.

[0157] Alternatively, if the set of PLMNs received by the UE includes a PLMN (PLMN#A) corresponding to the UE, the UE is notified of RAR UL permission for each PLMN in the RAR. This RAR can also be a signal common to multiple operators. The UE can also perform signal transmission and reception after receiving the RAR based on the RAR UL permission associated with PLMN#A and the communication settings associated with PLMN#A (option 4a).

[0158] In option 4a, NW can also determine the UE's PLMN based on the resources of message 3PUSCH (which are actually used).

[0159] Figure 6 This diagram illustrates an example of the initial access process involved in option 4a of the fourth embodiment. Figure 6 In the example shown, the UE transmits and receives signals prior to the PLMN common / UE common RAR, and transmits and receives signals after receiving the PLMN specific / UE common RAR (signals involved in initial access). Figure 6 In the example shown, the UE receives the set of PLMNs and the common settings for each PLMN in the RAR.

[0160] Alternatively, if the set of PLMNs received by the UE includes a PLMN (PLMN#A) corresponding to the UE, the UE is notified of multiple inter-operator common RAR UL licenses in the RAR (a single RAR UL license). The UE can also report to cell x to establish a connection to PLMN#A via message 3PUSCH (a PUSCH sent using multiple inter-operator common PUSCH resources) in the notified resources. The UE can also perform signal transmission and reception after receiving the RAR (option 4b).

[0161] Furthermore, in this disclosure, the connection to PLMN#A, being under the jurisdiction (subordinate) of PLMN#A, and communication based on settings related to PLMN#A can also be modified.

[0162] In option 4b, the NW can also determine the UE's PLMN based on reports related to the explicit PLMN.

[0163] Figure 7This diagram illustrates an example of the initial access process involved in option 4b of the fourth embodiment. Figure 7 In the example shown, the UE transmits and receives signals prior to sending the PLMN common / UE common message 3PUSCH, and transmits and receives signals after sending the PLMN specific / UE common message 3PUSCH (signals involved in initial access). Figure 7 In the example shown, the UE receives the PLMN set and the common settings of each PLMN in the RAR, and reports the connection to PLMN#A using message 3PUSCH.

[0164] The received signal after receiving the RAR can be, for example, at least one of message 4PDCCH and message 4PDSCH.

[0165] The signal to be sent after receiving RAR can be, for example, at least one of message 3PUSCH (RRC establishment request) and HARQ-ACK for message 4PDSCH.

[0166] Alternatively, if the PLMN set received by the UE does not contain the PLMN (PLMN#A) corresponding to the UE, the UE determines that it cannot establish a connection to cell x. In this case, the UE may also refrain from transmitting and receiving signals after receiving the RAR in cell x.

[0167] The UE may also initiate an initial access procedure to establish a connection to another cell (e.g., a non-cell x) if it determines that a connection to cell x cannot be established.

[0168] According to the fourth embodiment above, by setting the PRACH resources to be common to operators, it is possible to flexibly determine at least one of the RAR and the signal after the RAR is received by each operator.

[0169] <Fifth Implementation>

[0170] The UE can also receive SS / PBCH / MIB / system information (e.g., first system information / other system information) in cell x.

[0171] The SS / PBCH / MIB / system information (e.g., first system information / other system information) can also be a signal shared by multiple operators.

[0172] The UE can also use resources shared by multiple operators to send PRACH.

[0173] The UE can also receive RARs for PRACH. These RARs can be carrier-independent (or RARs transmitted regardless of the PLMN).

[0174] The UE can also send the 3PUSCH message based on this RAR UL license.

[0175] The UE can also report to cell x via message 3PUSCH to establish a connection to PLMN#A.

[0176] The UE may also be requested to report information related to the PLMN via message 3PUSCH in specific DL signals (e.g., system information (first system information / other system information) / RAR).

[0177] The UE may also assume / determine that it is requested to report PLMN information via message 3PUSCH in at least one of the following situations: the specific DL signal does not contain a request for PLMN-related information (PLMN information), and the PRACH / RAR resources are public among multiple operators.

[0178] Alternatively, if the UE receives message 4PDSCH corresponding to message 3PUSCH, the UE determines that a connection to PLMN#A can be established in cell x. In this case, the UE can also perform transmission and reception after sending the HARQ-ACK of message 4PDSCH in cell x (option 5a).

[0179] The UE can also be notified in message 4PDSCH, which corresponds to message 3PUSCH, whether a connection to PLMN#A can be made in cell x (whether the connection is allowed) (option 5b).

[0180] In option 5b, it is also possible that, if the UE is allowed to make a connection to PLMN#A in cell x, the UE performs the transmission and reception after sending the HARQ-ACK message 4PDSCH for cell x.

[0181] In option 5b, it is also possible that, if the UE is not allowed to make a connection to PLMN#A in cell x, the UE will not make any transmission or reception after receiving message 4PDSCH or after sending HARQ-ACK message 4PDSCH for cell x.

[0182] Regarding communication related to the transmission and reception settings after HARQ-ACK of message 4PDSCH, it can be carried out based on common settings among multiple operators during the period until the UE receives UE-specific RRC parameters, or it can be carried out based on the settings of communication related to PLMN#A received via message 4PDSCH.

[0183] Figure 8This diagram illustrates an example of the initial access process according to the fifth embodiment. Figure 8 In the example shown, the UE uses PLMN common / UE common signals until the HARQ-ACK / PUCCH for message 4PDSCH is sent. After the PUCCH is sent, it uses UE-specific (PLMN-specific) signals for transmission and reception. Figure 8 In the example shown, the UE reports a connection to PLMN#A in message 3PUSCH and receives a connection allow / rejection request from cell x to PLMN#A in message 4PDSCH.

[0184] According to the fifth embodiment above, by setting the signal used in the initial access to be common to the operators, the initial access can be properly performed even when using a shared frequency.

[0185] <Sixth Implementation Method>

[0186] The UE can also transmit and receive signals up to the transmission of message 3PUSCH during initial access, based on common settings shared by multiple operators.

[0187] The UE may also receive, in message 4PDSCH, at least one of the following: information (PLMN set) related to multiple PLMNs that can make connections to cell x, and settings related to communication for each PLMN.

[0188] The UE may also be notified in a specific DL signal (e.g., system information (first system information / other system information) / RAR) that the PLMN set is included in message 4PDSCH.

[0189] In the case where the specific DL signal does not contain a PLMN set (PLMN information), and in the case where at least one of the following is true: PRACH resources / RAR resources / message 3PUSCH resources are common among multiple operators, the UE may also assume / determine that the PLMN set is contained in message 4PDSCH.

[0190] Alternatively, if the set of PLMNs received by the UE includes a PLMN (PLMN#A) corresponding to the UE, the UE is notified of HARQ-ACK transmission resources (PUCCH resources) for each PLMN in message 4PDSCH. This message 4PDSCH can also be a signal common to multiple operators. The UE can also perform signal transmission and reception after HARQ-ACK transmission based on the HARQ-ACK transmission resources associated with PLMN#A and the communication settings associated with PLMN#A (option 6a).

[0191] In option 6a, NW can also determine the UE's PLMN based on the (actually used) HARQ-ACK transmission resources.

[0192] The UE may also be notified in message 4PDSCH of multiple (e.g., two) HARQ-ACK transmission resources that are common to multiple operators. One of these multiple HARQ-ACK transmission resources (also referred to as resource P) may also be used when making a connection to a specific PLMN included in the PLMN set, and another of these multiple HARQ-ACK transmission resources (also referred to as resource Q) may also be used when the PLMN that the UE expects (the PLMN corresponding to the UE) is not included in the PLMN set (option 6b).

[0193] In option 6b, the UE can also use the aforementioned resource P to send a HARQ-ACK for message 4PDSCH.

[0194] At this time, the NW can also determine whether the UE is connected to cell x based on the sent HARQ-ACK resources.

[0195] Regarding which PLMN the UE connects to, the UE can also receive a report request via the DL signal (e.g., PDSCH) sent after HARQ-ACK.

[0196] Regarding which PLMN the UE is connecting to, the UE can also send a report via a UL signal (e.g., PUSCH) sent after HARQ-ACK.

[0197] Regarding communication related to the transmission and reception settings after HARQ-ACK of message 4PDSCH, it can be carried out based on common settings between multiple operators during the period until the UE receives the UE-specific RRC parameters.

[0198] Alternatively, if the PLMN set received by the UE does not contain the PLMN (PLMN#A) corresponding to the UE, the UE determines that it cannot establish a connection to cell x. In this case, the UE may also refrain from transmitting or receiving signals in cell x after sending the HARQ-ACK for message 4PDSCH (option 6c).

[0199] Alternatively, if the PLMN set received by the UE does not contain the PLMN corresponding to the UE (PLMN#A), the UE determines that it cannot establish a connection to cell x. In this case, the UE can also use the aforementioned resource Q to send a HARQ-ACK (e.g., NACK) for message 4PDSCH (option 6d).

[0200] The UE may also initiate an initial access procedure to establish a connection to another cell (e.g., a non-cell x) if it determines that a connection to cell x cannot be established.

[0201] Figure 9 This diagram illustrates an example of the initial access process according to the sixth embodiment. Figure 9 In the example shown, the UE uses PLMN common / UE common signals until the transmission of the HARQ-ACK / PUCCH for message 4PDSCH. After the transmission of that PUCCH, it uses UE-specific (PLMN-specific) signals for transmission and reception. Figure 9 In the example shown, the UE receives the PLMN set and the common settings for each PLMN in message 4PDSCH.

[0202] According to the sixth embodiment above, by setting the signal used in the initial access to be common to the operators, the initial access can be properly performed even when using a shared frequency.

[0203] <Seventh Implementation>

[0204] The UE can also transmit and receive signals based on common settings among multiple operators during the period up to the completion of initial access.

[0205] In addition, in this disclosure, the initial access completion, RRC connection establishment completion, message 4 sending / receiving completion, HARQ-ACK sending / receiving completion for message 4, sending / receiving completion of information related to RRC establishment completion (e.g., RRCSetupComplete), and AS (Access Stratum) or NAS (Non-Access Stratum) security establishment completion can also be rewritten to each other.

[0206] The UE can also receive requests related to which PLMN to make a connection via specific DL signals (e.g., PDSCH sent after initial access is completed).

[0207] The UE can also send a report on which PLMN to connect to via a specific UL signal (e.g., a PUSCH sent after initial access is completed).

[0208] This report can also be submitted together with reports of specific UE capability information, for example.

[0209] During the period until the UE receives the UE-specific RRC parameters, communication between the NW and the UE can also be based on common settings shared by multiple operators.

[0210] The UE can also be notified in a specific DL signal whether a connection to PLMN#A can be made in cell x (whether the connection is allowed).

[0211] If the notification indicates that a connection to PLMN#A can be established in cell x, the UE can also transmit and receive signals after receiving the notification in cell x.

[0212] If the notification indicates that a connection to PLMN#A cannot be established in cell x, the UE may also refrain from transmitting or receiving signals after receiving the notification in cell x.

[0213] This notification can also be sent along with UE-specific RRC parameters, for example.

[0214] According to the seventh embodiment above, by setting all signals used in the initial access to be common to operators, the initial access can be properly performed even when using a shared frequency.

[0215] <Eighth Implementation Method>

[0216] The UE can also be envisioned as not performing any initial access-related procedures in cell x.

[0217] The UE can also determine whether to use cell x as SCell based on a specific notification (e.g., a notification that is not in cell x).

[0218] The UE can also receive UE-specific RRC parameters related to the Scell ​​via a non-cell x. The UE can also perform communication in cell x based on these RRC parameters.

[0219] The UE can also receive common RRC parameters related to the Scell ​​via a non-cell x. The UE can assume / determine these RRC parameters as common settings across multiple operators, or it can assume / determine them as individual (e.g., different) settings for each operator. The UE can also perform communication within cell x based on these RRC parameters.

[0220] It can also be assumed / judged that the common RRC parameters of the UE associated with Scell ​​cannot be received via non-cell x.

[0221] According to the eighth embodiment above, by specifying that no initial access is performed in a cell utilizing a shared frequency, appropriate cell connection can be performed without complicating UE / NW operation.

[0222] <Variation Example>

[0223] In various embodiments of this disclosure, after receiving specific settings of the PLMN, the transmission and reception of signals based on common settings of the PLMN can also be performed. Signals based on these common PLMN settings can also be limited to specific signals / channels.

[0224] In various embodiments of this disclosure, a case is described where the boundary between the period during which PLMN common signals are transmitted and the period during which PLMN-specific (or UE-specific) signals are transmitted is one, but the number of such boundaries is not limited to one. For example, it is also possible that the UE transmits and receives PLMN-specific signals until the PBCH is received, transmits and receives PLMN common signals from the time the PBCH is received until the transmission of message 3PUSCH, and transmits and receives PLMN-specific signals after the transmission of message 3PUSCH.

[0225] If a UE determines that it cannot connect to cell x, it may attempt to connect to other cells x or non-cell x. These other cells x or non-cell x may be cells with better signal quality (e.g., decoding performance of synchronization signals) following cell x.

[0226] <Supplement>

[0227] [Information notification to UE]

[0228] In the above embodiments, any information (notification from the Network (NW) (e.g., Base Station (BS)) to the UE) (in other words, the reception of any information from the BS in the UE) can also be delivered using physical layer signaling (e.g., DCI), higher layer signaling (e.g., RRC signaling, MAC CE), specific signals / channels (e.g., PDCCH, PDSCH, reference signals), or combinations thereof.

[0229] In the case where the above notification is made via MAC CE, the MAC CE can also be identified by including a new Logical Channel ID (LCID) that is not specified in the existing standard in the MAC subheader.

[0230] When the above notification is made through DCI, the notification can also be made through specific fields of the DCI, the Radio Network Temporary Identifier (RNTI) used in the scrambling of the Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC) bits assigned to the DCI, the format of the DCI, etc.

[0231] Furthermore, the notification of any information to the UE in the above embodiments can also be carried out periodically, semi-persistently, or non-periodically.

[0232] [Notification from UE]

[0233] The notification of any information from the UE (to the NW) in the above embodiments (in other words, the transmission / reporting of any information from the UE to the BS) can also be performed using physical layer signaling (e.g., UCI), higher layer signaling (e.g., RRC signaling, MAC CE), specific signals / channels (e.g., PUCCH, PUSCH, PRACH, reference signals), or combinations thereof.

[0234] In the case where the above notification is made via MAC CE, the MAC CE can also be identified by including a new LCID in the MAC subheader that is not specified in the existing standard.

[0235] In cases where the above notification is sent via UCI, the above notification may also be sent using PUCCH or PUSCH.

[0236] Furthermore, the notification of any information from the UE in the above embodiments can also be carried out periodically, semi-persistently, or non-periodically.

[0237] [Regarding the application of each implementation method]

[0238] At least one of the above-described implementation methods can also be applied under certain conditions. These specific conditions can be specified in the standard or communicated to the UE / BS using higher-layer signaling / physical layer signaling.

[0239] The specific conditions mentioned above can also represent at least one of the following:

[0240] - Operation is performed in FR3. FR3 can also be all or part of the 7125-24250 MHz range.

[0241] - Operation is performed in FRx. FRx can also be all or part of a range higher than 71 GHz.

[0242] At least one of the above-described implementation methods may also be applied only to UEs that have reported a specific UE capability or support that specific UE capability.

[0243] This specific UE capability can also represent at least one of the following:

[0244] - Supports specific processing / operation / control / information for at least one of the above embodiments.

[0245] - Supports connections to cell x.

[0246] Furthermore, the aforementioned specific UE capabilities can be capabilities that apply across all frequencies (frequency-independent and common), capabilities that apply to each frequency (e.g., one or a combination of cells, bands, band combinations, BWPs, component carriers, etc.), capabilities that apply to each frequency range (e.g., Frequency Range 1 (FR1)), FR2, FR3, FR4, FR5, FR2-1, FR2-2), capabilities that apply to each subcarrier spacing (SCS) or capabilities that apply to each feature set (FS) or each feature set per component carrier (FSPC).

[0247] Furthermore, the aforementioned specific UE capabilities can be either capabilities that apply to all duplex modes (commonly regardless of the duplex mode) or capabilities that apply to each duplex mode (e.g., Time Division Duplex (TDD) and Frequency Division Duplex (FDD)).

[0248] Furthermore, the aforementioned specific UE capabilities can be defined as mandatory functions without accompanying UE capability signaling, or as mandatory functions accompanied by UE capability signaling. Additionally, the aforementioned specific UE capabilities can be defined as optional functions without accompanying UE capability signaling, or as optional functions accompanied by UE capability signaling.

[0249] Furthermore, at least one of the above-described embodiments can also be applied when the UE is configured / activated / triggered by specific information associated with the above-described embodiments (or the operation of the above-described embodiments is implemented) via higher-layer signaling / physical layer signaling. This specific information can also represent at least one of the following:

[0250] - Information indicating the operation of activating / deactivating the above implementation method.

[0251] - RRC parameters for a specific version (e.g., Rel.18 / 19 / 20 / 21). These RRC parameters can also have names that append "r18" / "r19" / "r20" / "r21" to the name of an existing RRC parameter.

[0252] The UE may also apply Rel.15 / 16 / 17 / 18 / 19 operations if it does not support at least one of the above-mentioned specific UE capabilities or if the above-mentioned specific information is not set.

[0253] (Postscript)

[0254] With respect to one embodiment of this disclosure, the following invention is noted.

[0255] [Appendix 1-1]

[0256] A terminal having:

[0257] The receiving unit receives a common synchronization signal block shared by multiple operators, a set of multiple identifiers used to identify operators, and information about cells indicating whether frequency resources are shared among multiple operators; and

[0258] The control unit controls operations related to initial access based on the common synchronization signal, the set of identifiers, and the information.

[0259] [Notes 1-2]

[0260] The terminal described in Appendix 1-1,

[0261] The receiving unit receives the set of identifiers in the main information block.

[0262] [Notes 1-3]

[0263] The terminal described in Appendix 1-1 or Appendix 1-2,

[0264] The receiving unit receives the set of identifiers in the system information block scheduled by the main information block.

[0265] [Notes 1-4]

[0266] The terminal described in any of the appendices 1-1 to 1-3,

[0267] The receiving unit receives the set of identifiers in system information blocks other than the system information blocks scheduled using the main information block.

[0268] [Note 2-1]

[0269] A terminal having:

[0270] The receiving unit receives a common synchronization signal block shared by multiple operators, a set of multiple identifiers used to identify operators, and information about cells indicating whether frequency resources are shared among multiple operators; and

[0271] The control unit controls operations related to initial access based on the common synchronization signal, the set of identifiers, and the information, the set of identifiers being received after transmission of the physical random access channel based on the synchronization signal block.

[0272] [Appendix 2-2]

[0273] The terminal described in Appendix 2-1,

[0274] The receiving unit receives the set of identifiers in a random access response for the physical random access channel.

[0275] [Notes 2-3]

[0276] The terminal described in Appendix 2-1 or Appendix 2-2,

[0277] The control unit uses messages scheduled via random access responses to the physical random access channel to control operator-related reports for the connection.

[0278] [Notes 2-4]

[0279] The terminal described in any one of Appendix 2-1 to Appendix 2-3,

[0280] The receiving unit receives the set of identifiers using response messages to messages scheduled via random access response.

[0281] (Wireless communication system)

[0282] The structure of a wireless communication system according to one embodiment of this disclosure will now be described. In this wireless communication system, communication is performed using any one or a combination of the wireless communication methods according to the above embodiments of this disclosure.

[0283] Figure 10 This is a diagram illustrating an example of the schematic structure of a wireless communication system according to one embodiment. The wireless communication system 1 (also referred to simply as System 1) may also be a system that uses Long Term Evolution (LTE) or 5th generation mobile communication system New Radio (5G NR) as standardized by the Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) to achieve communication.

[0284] Furthermore, the wireless communication system 1 can also support dual connectivity between multiple radio access technologies (RATs) (Multi-RAT Dual Connectivity (MR-DC)). MR-DC can also include dual connectivity between LTE (Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA)) and NR (E-UTRA-NR Dual Connectivity (EN-DC)), dual connectivity between NR and LTE (NR-E-UTRA Dual Connectivity (NE-DC)), etc.

[0285] In EN-DC, the LTE (E-UTRA) base station (eNB) is the Master Node (MN), and the NR base station (gNB) is the Secondary Node (SN). In NE-DC, the NR base station (gNB) is the MN, and the LTE (E-UTRA) base station (eNB) is the SN.

[0286] Wireless communication system 1 can also support dual connectivity between multiple base stations within the same RAT (e.g., MN and SN are dual connectivity between NR base stations (gNB) (NR-NR Dual Connectivity (NN-DC))).

[0287] The wireless communication system 1 may also include a base station 11 forming a macro cell C1 with a relatively wide coverage area, and a base station 12 (12a-12c) configured within the macro cell C1 and forming a small cell C2 narrower than the macro cell C1. The user terminal 20 may also be located within at least one cell. The configuration and number of each cell and the user terminal 20 are not limited to the arrangement shown in the figure. Hereinafter, without distinguishing between base stations 11 and 12, they will be collectively referred to as base station 10.

[0288] User terminal 20 may also connect to at least one of multiple base stations 10. User terminal 20 may also utilize at least one of carrier aggregation (CA) using multiple component carriers (CC) and dual connectivity (DC).

[0289] Each CC can also be included in at least one of the first frequency band (Frequency Range 1 (FR1)) and the second frequency band (Frequency Range 2 (FR2)). Macro cell C1 can also be included in FR1, and small cell C2 can also be included in FR2. For example, FR1 can also be a frequency band below 6 GHz (sub-6 GHz), and FR2 can also be a frequency band above 24 GHz (above-24 GHz). In addition, the frequency bands, definitions, etc. of FR1 and FR2 are not limited to these; for example, FR1 can also be equivalent to a frequency band higher than FR2.

[0290] In addition, in each CC, the user terminal 20 may also use at least one of Time Division Duplex (TDD) and Frequency Division Duplex (FDD) for communication.

[0291] Multiple base stations 10 can also be connected via wired (e.g., fiber optic cable based on the Common Public Radio Interface (CPRI), X2 interface, etc.) or wireless (e.g., NR communication). For example, when NR communication is used as a backhaul between base stations 11 and 12, base station 11, which is equivalent to a host station, can also be referred to as an Integrated Access Backhaul (IAB) donor, and base station 12, which is equivalent to a relay station, can also be referred to as an IAB node.

[0292] Base station 10 may also be connected to core network 30 via other base stations 10 or directly. Core network 30 may include, for example, at least one of Evolved Packet Core (EPC), 5G Core Network (5GCN), Next Generation Core (NGC), etc.

[0293] The core network 30 may also include, for example, user plane functions (UPF), access and mobility management functions (AMF), session management functions (SMF), unified data management (UDM), application functions (AF), data network (DN), location management functions (LMF), and network functions (NF) such as operation, administration and maintenance (OAM). Alternatively, multiple functions can be provided through a single network node. Furthermore, communication with external networks (e.g., the Internet) can also be achieved via the DN.

[0294] User terminal 20 can also be a terminal that supports at least one of the following communication methods: LTE, LTE-A, 5G, etc.

[0295] In wireless communication system 1, wireless access methods based on Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) can also be used. For example, in at least one of the downlink (DL) and uplink (UL) links, Cyclic Prefix OFDM (CP-OFDM), Discrete Fourier Transform Spread OFDM (DFT-s-OFDM), Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA), and Single Carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access (SC-FDMA) can also be used.

[0296] The wireless access method can also be referred to as a waveform. In addition, in the wireless communication system 1, other wireless access methods (e.g., other single-carrier transmission methods, other multi-carrier transmission methods) can also be used in the wireless access methods of UL and DL.

[0297] In the wireless communication system 1, the downlink channel can also be a shared downlink channel (Physical Downlink Shared Channel (PDSCH)), a broadcast channel (Physical Broadcast Channel (PBCH)), or a downlink control channel (Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH)) shared by each user terminal 20.

[0298] In addition, in the wireless communication system 1, the uplink channel can also be the shared uplink channel (Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH)), the uplink control channel (Physical Uplink Control Channel (PUCCH)), the random access channel (Physical Random Access Channel (PRACH)) shared by each user terminal 20, etc.

[0299] User data, high-level control information, and System Information Blocks (SIBs) are transmitted via the PDSCH. User data and high-level control information can also be transmitted via the PUSCH. In addition, Master Information Blocks (MIBs) can also be transmitted via the PBCH.

[0300] Lower-layer control information can also be transmitted via PDCCH. This lower-layer control information may include, for example, downlink control information (DCI), which includes scheduling information for at least one of PDSCH and PUSCH.

[0301] Additionally, the DCI that schedules PDSCH can also be called DL allocation, DL DCI, etc., and the DCI that schedules PUSCH can also be called UL authorization, UL DCI, etc. Furthermore, PDSCH can be rewritten as DL data, and PUSCH can be rewritten as UL data.

[0302] In PDCCH detection, a Control Resource Set (CORESET) and a search space can also be utilized. A CORESET corresponds to the resources used to search for DCIs. The search space corresponds to the search area and search method for PDCCH candidates. A CORESET can also be associated with one or more search spaces. The UE can also monitor CORESETs associated with a specific search space based on search space settings.

[0303] A search space can also correspond to one or more PDCCH candidates equivalent to one or more aggregation levels. One or more search spaces can also be referred to as a search space set. In addition, the terms "search space", "search space set", "search space setting", "search space set setting", "CORESET", and "CORESET setting" in this disclosure can be rewritten interchangeably.

[0304] The PUCCH can also transmit uplink control information (uplink control information (UCI)) that includes at least one of the following: Channel State Information (CSI), delivery confirmation information (e.g., also known as Hybrid Automatic Repeat Request ACK Knowledge (HARQ-ACK), ACK / NACK, etc.), and Scheduling Request (SR). The PRACH can also transmit random access preambles used for establishing connections with the cell.

[0305] In addition, in this disclosure, downlink, uplink, etc., may be described without the word "link". Furthermore, various channels may be described without the word "physical".

[0306] In wireless communication system 1, synchronization signals (SS) and downlink reference signals (DL-RS) can also be transmitted. In wireless communication system 1, DL-RS can also transmit cell-specific reference signals (CRS), channel state information reference signals (CSI-RS), demodulation reference signals (DMRS), positioning reference signals (PRS), and phase tracking reference signals (PTRS).

[0307] Synchronization signals can be, for example, at least one of a primary synchronization signal (PSS) and a secondary synchronization signal (SSS). A signal block containing SS (PSS, SSS) and PBCH (and DMRS for PBCH) can also be called an SS / PBCH block, SS block (SSB), etc. In addition, SS, SSB, etc. can also be called reference signals.

[0308] Furthermore, in wireless communication system 1, the uplink reference signal (UL-RS) can also transmit measurement reference signals (sounding reference signals (SRS)) and demodulation reference signals (DMRS). Additionally, DMRS can also be referred to as user terminal-specific reference signals (UE-specific reference signals).

[0309] (Base station)

[0310] Figure 11This diagram illustrates an example of the structure of a base station according to one embodiment. The base station 10 includes a control unit 110, a transmit / receive unit 120, a transmit / receive antenna 130, and a transmission path interface (transmission line interface) 140. Alternatively, the control unit 110, the transmit / receive unit 120, the transmit / receive antenna 130, and the transmission path interface 140 may each be provided in more than one manner.

[0311] Furthermore, while this example primarily illustrates the functional blocks of the characteristic portions of this embodiment, it is also conceivable that the base station 10 may also possess other functional blocks required for wireless communication. A portion of the processing of each unit described below may also be omitted.

[0312] The control unit 110 performs overall control of the base station 10. The control unit 110 can be composed of a controller, control circuit, etc., which are described based on common knowledge in the art to which this disclosure pertains.

[0313] The control unit 110 can also control signal generation and scheduling (e.g., resource allocation, mapping). The control unit 110 can also control transmission, reception, and measurement using the transmit / receive unit 120, transmit / receive antenna 130, and transmission path interface 140. The control unit 110 can also generate data, control information, sequences, etc., to be transmitted as signals and forward them to the transmit / receive unit 120. The control unit 110 can also perform call processing (setting, releasing, etc.) of the communication channel, status management of the base station 10, and management of wireless resources.

[0314] The transmitting / receiving unit 120 may also include a baseband unit 121, a radio frequency (RF) unit 122, and a measurement unit 123. The baseband unit 121 may also include a transmitting processing unit 1211 and a receiving processing unit 1212. The transmitting / receiving unit 120 may be composed of transmitters / receivers, RF circuits, baseband circuits, filters, phase shifters, measurement circuits, transmitting / receiving circuits, etc., as described based on common knowledge in the art to which this disclosure pertains.

[0315] The transmitting and receiving unit 120 can be configured as a single integrated transmitting and receiving unit, or it can be composed of a transmitting unit and a receiving unit. The transmitting unit can also be composed of a transmitting processing unit 1211 and an RF unit 122. The receiving unit can also be composed of a receiving processing unit 1212, an RF unit 122, and a measurement unit 123.

[0316] The transmitting and receiving antenna 130 can be constructed from an antenna, such as an array antenna, as described based on common knowledge in the art to which this disclosure pertains.

[0317] The transmitting / receiving unit 120 can also transmit the aforementioned downlink channel, synchronization signal, downlink reference signal, etc. The transmitting / receiving unit 120 can also receive the aforementioned uplink channel, uplink reference signal, etc.

[0318] The transmitting and receiving unit 120 may also use digital beamforming (e.g., precoding), analog beamforming (e.g., phase rotation), etc., to form at least one of the transmitting beam and the receiving beam.

[0319] The transmitting and receiving unit 120 (transmitting processing unit 1211) may, for example, perform processing at the Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP) layer, Radio Link Control (RLC) layer (e.g., RLC retransmission control), and Medium Access Control (MAC) layer (e.g., HARQ retransmission control) on the data and control information obtained from the control unit 110, and generate a bit string to be transmitted.

[0320] The transmitting and receiving unit 120 (transmitting processing unit 1211) can also perform transmission processing such as channel coding (which may also include error correction coding), modulation, mapping, filter processing (filtering processing), Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) processing (as needed), Inverse Fast Fourier Transform (IFFT) processing, precoding, and digital-to-analog conversion on the bit string to be transmitted, and output the baseband signal.

[0321] The transmitting and receiving unit 120 (RF unit 122) can also perform modulation, filtering, amplification, etc. on the baseband signal to the wireless frequency band, and transmit the wireless frequency band signal through the transmitting and receiving antenna 130.

[0322] On the other hand, the transmitting and receiving unit 120 (RF unit 122) can also amplify, filter, and demodulate the signals of the wireless frequency band received through the transmitting and receiving antenna 130 into the baseband signal.

[0323] The transmitting and receiving unit 120 (receiving and processing unit 1212) can also perform receiving and processing on the acquired baseband signal, including analog-to-digital conversion, Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) processing, Inverse Discrete Fourier Transform (IDFT) processing (as needed), filter processing, demapping, demodulation, decoding (which may also include error correction decoding), MAC layer processing, RLC layer processing, and PDCP layer processing, to obtain user data.

[0324] The transmitting / receiving unit 120 (measurement unit 123) can also perform measurements related to the received signal. For example, the measurement unit 123 can also perform radio resource management (RRM) measurements, channel state information (CSI) measurements, etc., based on the received signal. The measurement unit 123 can also measure received power (e.g., Reference Signal Received Power (RSRP)), received quality (e.g., Reference Signal Received Quality (RSRQ), Signal to Interference plus Noise Ratio (SINR), Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR)), signal strength (e.g., Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI)), propagation path information (e.g., CSI), etc. The measurement results can also be output to the control unit 110.

[0325] The transmission path interface 140 can also transmit and receive signals (backhaul signaling) between the device included in the core network 30 (e.g., the network node providing the NF), other base stations 10, etc., and can also acquire and transmit user data (user plane data), control plane data, etc. for the user terminal 20.

[0326] In addition, the transmitting unit and receiving unit of the base station 10 in this disclosure may also be composed of at least one of a transmitting / receiving unit 120, a transmitting / receiving antenna 130, and a transmission path interface 140.

[0327] The transmitting and receiving unit 120 may also transmit a common synchronization signal block among multiple operators, a set of multiple identifiers for identifying operators, and information indicating whether frequency resources are shared among multiple operators. The control unit 110 may also use the common synchronization signal, the set of identifiers, and the information to instruct operations related to initial access (first to seventh embodiments).

[0328] The transmitting / receiving unit 120 may also transmit a common synchronization signal block among multiple operators, a set of multiple identifiers for identifying operators, and information indicating whether frequency resources are shared among multiple operators. The control unit 110 may also use the common synchronization signal, the set of identifiers, and the information to instruct operations related to initial access. The set of identifiers may also be transmitted after the physical random access channel based on the synchronization signal block is received (fourth to seventh embodiments).

[0329] (User terminal)

[0330] Figure 12 This diagram illustrates an example of the structure of a user terminal according to one embodiment. The user terminal 20 includes a control unit 210, a transmitting / receiving unit 220, and a transmitting / receiving antenna 230. Alternatively, more than one of each of the control unit 210, the transmitting / receiving unit 220, and the transmitting / receiving antenna 230 may be included.

[0331] Furthermore, while this example primarily illustrates the functional blocks of the characteristic portions of this embodiment, it is also conceivable that the user terminal 20 may also have other functional blocks required for wireless communication. Some of the processing of each unit described below may also be omitted.

[0332] The control unit 210 performs overall control of the user terminal 20. The control unit 210 can be composed of a controller, control circuit, etc., which are described based on common knowledge in the technical field to which this disclosure pertains.

[0333] The control unit 210 can also control signal generation, mapping, etc. The control unit 210 can also control transmission, reception, measurement, etc., using the transmission / reception unit 220 and the transmission / reception antenna 230. The control unit 210 can also generate data, control information, sequences, etc., to be transmitted as signals and forward them to the transmission / reception unit 220.

[0334] The transmitting / receiving unit 220 may also include a baseband unit 221, an RF unit 222, and a measurement unit 223. The baseband unit 221 may also include a transmitting processing unit 2211 and a receiving processing unit 2212. The transmitting / receiving unit 220 may be composed of transmitters / receivers, RF circuits, baseband circuits, filters, phase shifters, measurement circuits, transmitting / receiving circuits, etc., as described based on common knowledge in the art to which this disclosure pertains.

[0335] The transmitting and receiving unit 220 can be configured as a single integrated transmitting and receiving unit, or it can be composed of a transmitting unit and a receiving unit. The transmitting unit can also be composed of a transmitting processing unit 2211 and an RF unit 222. The receiving unit can also be composed of a receiving processing unit 2212, an RF unit 222, and a measurement unit 223.

[0336] The transmitting and receiving antenna 230 can be constructed from an antenna, such as an array antenna, as described based on common knowledge in the art to which this disclosure pertains.

[0337] The transmitting / receiving unit 220 can also receive the downlink channel, synchronization signal, downlink reference signal, etc., mentioned above. The transmitting / receiving unit 220 can also transmit the uplink channel, uplink reference signal, etc., mentioned above.

[0338] The transmitting and receiving unit 220 may also use digital beamforming (e.g., precoding), analog beamforming (e.g., phase rotation), etc., to form at least one of the transmitting beam and the receiving beam.

[0339] The transmitting and receiving unit 220 (transmitting processing unit 2211) may, for example, perform PDCP layer processing, RLC layer processing (e.g., RLC retransmission control), MAC layer processing (e.g., HARQ retransmission control) on the data and control information obtained from the control unit 210, and generate the bit string to be transmitted.

[0340] The transmitting and receiving unit 220 (transmitting processing unit 2211) can also perform channel coding (which may include error correction coding), modulation, mapping, filter processing, DFT processing (as needed), IFFT processing, precoding, digital-to-analog conversion and other transmission processing on the bit string to be transmitted, and output the baseband signal.

[0341] Furthermore, whether or not to apply DFT processing can be based on the transform precoding settings. For a certain channel (e.g., PUSCH), if transform precoding is enabled, the transmit / receive unit 220 (transmit processing unit 2211) can perform DFT processing as described above for transmitting the channel using the DFT-s-OFDM waveform; otherwise, the transmit / receive unit 220 (transmit processing unit 2211) can perform DFT processing as described above for transmitting the channel without performing DFT processing.

[0342] The transmitting and receiving unit 220 (RF unit 222) can also perform modulation, filtering, amplification, etc. on the baseband signal to the wireless frequency band, and transmit the wireless frequency band signal through the transmitting and receiving antenna 230.

[0343] On the other hand, the transmitting and receiving unit 220 (RF unit 222) can also amplify, filter, demodulate, etc., the signals of the wireless frequency band received by the transmitting and receiving antenna 230.

[0344] The transmitting and receiving unit 220 (receiving and processing unit 2212) can also perform receiving and processing on the acquired baseband signal, such as analog-to-digital conversion, FFT processing, IDFT processing (as needed), filter processing, demapping, demodulation, decoding (which may also include error correction decoding), MAC layer processing, RLC layer processing, and PDCP layer processing, to obtain user data.

[0345] The transmitting / receiving unit 220 (measurement unit 223) can also perform measurements related to the received signal. For example, the measurement unit 223 can also perform RRM measurements, CSI measurements, etc., based on the received signal. The measurement unit 223 can also measure received power (e.g., RSRP), received quality (e.g., RSRQ, SINR, SNR), signal strength (e.g., RSSI), propagation path information (e.g., CSI), etc. The measurement results can also be output to the control unit 210.

[0346] Additionally, the measurement unit 223 can also derive channel measurements for CSI calculation based on channel measurement resources. Channel measurement resources can be, for example, non-zero power (NZP) CSI-RS resources. Furthermore, the measurement unit 223 can also derive interference measurements for CSI calculation based on interference measurement resources. Interference measurement resources can be at least one of NZP CSI-RS resources for interference measurement, CSI-Interference Measurement (IM) resources, etc. Additionally, CSI-IM can also be referred to as CSI-Interference Management (IM), and can be interchanged with zero power (ZP) CSI-RS. Furthermore, in this disclosure, CSI-RS, NZP CSI-RS, ZP CSI-RS, CSI-IM, CSI-SSB, etc., can also be interchanged.

[0347] Alternatively, the transmitting and receiving units of the user terminal 20 in this disclosure may also be composed of at least one transmitting / receiving unit 220 and transmitting / receiving antenna 230.

[0348] The transmitting and receiving unit 220 may also receive a common synchronization signal block among multiple operators, a set of multiple identifiers for identifying operators, and information about cells indicating whether frequency resources are shared among multiple operators. The control unit 210 may also control operations related to initial access (first to seventh embodiments) based on the common synchronization signal, the set of identifiers, and the information.

[0349] The sending and receiving unit 220 may also receive the set of identifiers in the main information block (first embodiment).

[0350] The sending and receiving unit 220 may also receive the set of identifiers in the system information block scheduled using the main information block (second embodiment).

[0351] The sending and receiving unit 220 can also receive the set of identifiers in a system information block other than the system information block scheduled using the main information block (third embodiment).

[0352] The transmitting / receiving unit 220 may also receive a common synchronization signal block among multiple operators, a set of multiple identifiers for identifying operators, and information indicating whether frequency resources are shared among multiple operators. The control unit 210 may also control operations related to initial access based on the common synchronization signal, the set of identifiers, and the information. The set of identifiers is received after transmission of the physical random access channel based on the synchronization signal block (fourth to seventh embodiments).

[0353] The transmitting and receiving unit 220 may also receive the set of identifiers in the random access response for the physical random access channel (fourth embodiment).

[0354] The control unit 210 may also use messages scheduled via random access responses for the physical random access channel to control operator-related reports (fifth embodiment).

[0355] The sending and receiving unit 220 may also receive the set of identifiers using a response message for a message scheduled via a random access response (sixth embodiment).

[0356] (Hardware structure)

[0357] Furthermore, the block diagrams used in the description of the above embodiments illustrate functional units. These functional blocks (structural units) are implemented through any combination of at least one of hardware and software. Moreover, the implementation method of each functional block is not particularly limited. That is, each functional block can be implemented using a single device that is physically or logically combined, or it can be implemented by directly or indirectly (e.g., using wired, wireless, etc.) connecting two or more physically or logically separate devices. A functional block can also be implemented by combining the aforementioned single device or multiple devices with software.

[0358] Here, the functions include judgment, decision, determination, calculation, calculation, processing, export, investigation, search, confirmation, receiving, sending, output, access, resolution, selection, selection, establishment, comparison, assumption, expectation, regard as, broadcasting, notifying, communicating, forwarding, configuring, reconfiguring, allocating, mapping, and assigning, but are not limited to these. For example, a functional block (structural unit) that implements the sending function can also be called a transmitting unit, transmitter, etc. As described above, the implementation method of any of them is not particularly limited.

[0359] For example, in one embodiment of this disclosure, the base station, user terminal, etc., can also function as a computer for processing the wireless communication method of this disclosure. Figure 13 This is a diagram illustrating an example of the hardware structure of a base station and a user terminal according to one embodiment. The base station 10 and the user terminal 20 described above can also be physically configured as a computer device including a processor 1001, a memory 1002, a storage device 1003, a communication device 1004, an input device 1005, an output device 1006, a bus 1007, etc.

[0360] Furthermore, in this disclosure, terms such as apparatus, circuit, device, section, and unit can be interchanged. The hardware structure of base station 10 and user terminal 20 can be configured to include one or more of the apparatuses shown in the figures, or it can be configured not to include any of the apparatuses.

[0361] For example, only one processor 1001 is shown, but there can be multiple processors. Furthermore, processing can be performed by one processor, or simultaneously, sequentially, or by two or more processors using other methods. Additionally, processor 1001 can be implemented using more than one chip.

[0362] The functions of the base station 10 and the user terminal 20 are implemented, for example, by reading specific software (programs) into hardware such as the processor 1001 and the memory 1002, so that the processor 1001 performs calculations and controls communication via the communication device 1004, or controls at least one of reading and writing data in the memory 1002 and the storage device 1003.

[0363] The processor 1001, for example, enables the operating system to operate and control the computer as a whole. The processor 1001 may also be composed of a central processing unit (CPU) that includes interfaces with peripheral devices, control devices, arithmetic devices, registers, etc. For example, at least a portion of the control unit 110 (210), the transmit / receive unit 120 (220), etc., described above may also be implemented by the processor 1001.

[0364] Furthermore, the processor 1001 reads programs (program code), software modules, data, etc., from at least one of the storage 1003 and the communication device 1004 into the memory 1002, and performs various processes accordingly. As a program, a program that causes the computer to perform at least a portion of the operations described in the above embodiments can be used. For example, the control unit 110 (210) can also be implemented by a control program stored in the memory 1002 and operated in the processor 1001; similar implementations can be made for other functional blocks.

[0365] The memory 1002 may also be a computer-readable recording medium, such as being composed of at least one of a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), an electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), a random access memory (RAM), or other suitable storage media. The memory 1002 may also be referred to as a register, cache, main memory (main storage device), etc. The memory 1002 is capable of storing executable programs (program code), software modules, etc., for implementing the wireless communication method according to an embodiment of this disclosure.

[0366] Storage device 1003 may also be a computer-readable recording medium, such as a flexible disc, floppy disk, optical disk (e.g., compact disc ROM, CD-ROM), digital multifunction disk, Blu-ray disc, removable disk, hard disk, smart card, flash memory device (e.g., card, stick, key drive), stripe, database, server, or at least one other suitable storage medium. Storage device 1003 may also be referred to as an auxiliary storage device.

[0367] The communication device 1004 is hardware (transmitting and receiving device) used for communication between computers via at least one of a wired network and a wireless network. It is also referred to as a network device, network controller, network interface card (NIC), communication module, etc. To implement at least one of, for example, Frequency Division Duplex (FDD) and Time Division Duplex (TDD), the communication device 1004 may be configured to include a high-frequency switch, a duplexer, a filter, a frequency synthesizer, etc. For example, the aforementioned transmit / receive unit 120 (220) and transmit / receive antenna 130 (230) may also be implemented by the communication device 1004. The transmit / receive unit 120 (220) may also be implemented by physically or logically separating the transmit unit 120a (220a) and the receive unit 120b (220b).

[0368] Input device 1005 is an input device that receives input from external sources (e.g., keyboard, mouse, microphone, switch, button, sensor, etc.). Output device 1006 is an output device that performs output to external sources (e.g., display, speaker, light-emitting diode (LED) lamp, etc.). Alternatively, input device 1005 and output device 1006 can also be an integrated structure (e.g., a touch panel).

[0369] Furthermore, the processor 1001, memory 1002, and other devices are connected via a bus 1007 for communicating information. The bus 1007 can be configured as a single bus or as different buses between the devices.

[0370] Furthermore, the base station 10 and the user terminal 20 can also be configured to include hardware such as a microprocessor, a digital signal processor (DSP), an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a programmable logic device (PLD), or a field-programmable gate array (FPGA), and can also use this hardware to implement part or all of the functional blocks. For example, the processor 1001 can also be implemented using at least one of these hardware components.

[0371] (Modified example)

[0372] Furthermore, the terms described in this disclosure, as well as those necessary for understanding this disclosure, may be replaced with terms that have the same or similar meanings. For example, channel, symbol, and signal (signal or signaling) may be interchanged. Additionally, a signal may also be a message. A reference signal may also be abbreviated as RS, and may be referred to as pilot, pilot signal, etc., depending on the applied standard. Furthermore, a component carrier (CC) may also be referred to as cell, frequency carrier, carrier frequency, etc.

[0373] A radio frame can also be composed of one or more periods (frames) in the time domain. Each of these periods (frames) that constitute a radio frame can also be called a subframe. Furthermore, a subframe can also be composed of one or more time slots in the time domain. A subframe can also be a fixed time length (e.g., 1 ms) independent of the parameter set (numerology).

[0374] Here, the parameter set can also be communication parameters applied in at least one of the transmission and reception of a signal or channel. For example, the parameter set can also represent at least one of the following: subcarrier spacing (SCS), bandwidth, symbol length, cyclic prefix length, transmission time interval (TTI), number of symbols per TTI, radio frame structure, specific filtering processing performed by the transmitter and receiver in the frequency domain, and specific windowing processing performed by the transmitter and receiver in the time domain.

[0375] In the time domain, a time slot can also be composed of one or more symbols (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) symbols, Single Carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access (SC-FDMA) symbols, etc.). In addition, a time slot can also be a time unit based on a set of parameters.

[0376] A time slot can also contain multiple mini-time slots. Each mini-time slot can also consist of one or more symbols in the time domain. Furthermore, a mini-time slot can also be called a sub-time slot. A mini-time slot can also consist of fewer symbols than a time slot. PDSCH (or PUSCH) transmitted in a time unit larger than a mini-time slot can also be called PDSCH (PUSCH) mapping type A. PDSCH (or PUSCH) transmitted using mini-time slots can also be called PDSCH (PUSCH) mapping type B.

[0377] Radio frames, subframes, time slots, mini-time slots, and symbols all represent time units for transmitting signals. Radio frames, subframes, time slots, mini-time slots, and symbols can also use their respective other names. Furthermore, the time units such as frames, subframes, time slots, mini-time slots, and symbols in this disclosure can be interchanged.

[0378] For example, a subframe can also be called a TTI, multiple consecutive subframes can also be called a TTI, and a time slot or a mini-time slot can also be called a TTI. That is, at least one of a subframe and a TTI can be a subframe in existing LTE (1ms), a period shorter than 1ms (e.g., 1-13 symbols), or a period longer than 1ms. In addition, the unit representing TTI may not be called a subframe, but rather a time slot, mini-time slot, etc.

[0379] Here, TTI refers, for example, to the smallest unit of time for scheduling in wireless communication. For instance, in an LTE system, the base station schedules radio resources (frequency bandwidth, transmit power, etc., available to each user terminal) in TTI units. However, the definition of TTI is not limited to this.

[0380] TTI can also be a unit of time for transmitting channel-coded data packets (transmission blocks), code blocks, codewords, etc., and can also be a unit of processing such as scheduling and link adaptation. In addition, when a TTI is given, the actual time interval (e.g., the number of symbols) mapped to transmission blocks, code blocks, codewords, etc. can be shorter than the TTI.

[0381] Additionally, where a time slot or a mini-time slot is referred to as a TTI, more than one TTI (i.e., more than one time slot or more than one mini-time slot) can also be the minimum time unit for scheduling. Furthermore, the number of time slots (mini-time slots) constituting the minimum time unit of the schedule can also be controlled.

[0382] A TTI with a duration of 1 ms can also be referred to as a normal TTI (TTI in 3GPP Rel.8-12), a standard TTI, a long TTI, a normal subframe, a standard subframe, a long subframe, a time slot, etc. A TTI shorter than a normal TTI can also be referred to as a shortened TTI, a short TTI, a partial TTI (partial or fractional TTI), a shortened subframe, a short subframe, a mini time slot, a sub-time slot, a time slot, etc.

[0383] In addition, a long TTI (e.g., a normal TTI, a subframe, etc.) can also be rewritten as a TTI with a duration of more than 1 ms, and a short TTI (e.g., a shortened TTI, etc.) can also be rewritten as a TTI with a duration of less than a long TTI but more than 1 ms.

[0384] A resource block (RB) is a unit of resource allocation in both the time and frequency domains. In the frequency domain, it can also contain one or more consecutive subcarriers. The number of subcarriers in an RB can be the same regardless of the parameter set, for example, it can be 12. The number of subcarriers in an RB can also be determined based on the parameter set.

[0385] Furthermore, an RB can contain one or more symbols in the time domain, and can also be a time slot, a mini-time slot, a subframe, or the length of a TTI. A TTI, a subframe, etc., can also be composed of one or more resource blocks.

[0386] In addition, one or more RBs can also be referred to as Physical Resource Blocks (PRBs), Sub-Carrier Groups (SCGs), Resource Element Groups (REGs), PRB pairs, RB pairs, etc.

[0387] In addition, a resource block can also consist of one or more resource elements (REs). For example, an RE can also be a radio resource area consisting of a subcarrier and a symbol.

[0388] The Bandwidth Part (BWP) (also referred to as partial bandwidth, etc.) can also represent a subset of consecutive common resource blocks (RBs) used for a certain parameter set in a carrier. Here, common RBs can also be determined by the index of RBs based on the common reference point of the carrier. PRBs can also be defined in a BWP and appended with numbers within that BWP.

[0389] A BWP can also include a UL BWP (the BWP used by UL) and a DL BWP (the BWP used by DL). For a UE, one or more BWPs can also be set within a single carrier.

[0390] At least one of the configured BWPs can be active, and the UE may not intend to transmit or receive specific signals / channels outside of the active BWPs. Furthermore, the terms "cell," "carrier," etc., in this disclosure can be rewritten as "BWP."

[0391] Furthermore, the structures described above, such as radio frames, subframes, time slots, mini-time slots, and symbols, are merely illustrative. For example, the number of subframes contained in a radio frame, the number of time slots in each subframe or radio frame, the number of mini-time slots contained within a time slot, the number of symbols and RBs contained in a time slot or mini-time slot, the number of subcarriers contained in an RB, and the number of symbols in a TTI, symbol length, and cyclic prefix (CP) length can be varied in many ways.

[0392] Furthermore, the information, parameters, etc., described in this disclosure can be represented by absolute values, relative values ​​with respect to a specific value, or other corresponding information. For example, wireless resources can also be indicated by a specific index.

[0393] In this disclosure, the names used for parameters, etc., are not limiting names in any respect. Furthermore, the mathematical expressions, etc., using these parameters may differ from those explicitly disclosed in this disclosure. Various channels (PUCCH, PDCCH, etc.) and information elements can be identified by any suitable name; therefore, the various names assigned to these various channels and information elements are not limiting names in any respect.

[0394] The information, signals, etc., described in this disclosure can also be represented using any of a variety of different technologies. For example, data, instructions, commands, information, signals, bits, symbols, chips, etc., which may be mentioned throughout the above description, can also be represented by voltage, current, electromagnetic waves, magnetic fields or magnetic particles, light fields or photons, or any combination thereof.

[0395] Furthermore, information, signals, etc., can be output in at least one of the following directions: from higher level (upper layer) to lower level (lower layer), and from lower layer to higher level. Information, signals, etc., can also be input and output via multiple network nodes.

[0396] Input and output information, signals, etc., can be stored in a specific location (e.g., memory) or managed using a management table. Input and output information, signals, etc., can be overwritten, updated, or appended. Output information, signals, etc., can also be deleted. Input information, signals, etc., can also be sent to other devices.

[0397] The notification of information is not limited to the methods / implementations described in this disclosure, and may also be carried out by other methods. For example, the notification of information in this disclosure may also be implemented by physical layer signaling (e.g., downlink control information (DCI), uplink control information (UCI), etc.), higher layer signaling (e.g., radio resource control (RRC) signaling, broadcast information (Master Information Block (MIB), System Information Block (SIB) etc.), medium access control (MAC) signaling), other signals, or combinations thereof.

[0398] In addition, physical layer signaling can also be referred to as Layer 1 / Layer 2 (L1 / L2) control information (L1 / L2 control signals), L1 control information (L1 control signals), etc. Furthermore, RRC signaling can also be referred to as RRC messages, such as RRC connection setup messages, RRC connection reconfiguration messages, etc. Additionally, MAC signaling can also be notified using, for example, the MAC control element (CE).

[0399] Furthermore, notification of specific information (e.g., a notification of “is X”) is not limited to explicit notification, but can also be implicit (e.g., by not providing that specific information, or by providing other information).

[0400] The determination can be made by a value represented by a single bit (0 or 1), by a true or false value (boolean), or by a numerical comparison (e.g., a comparison with a specific value).

[0401] Whether software is called software, firmware, middleware, microcode, hardware description language, or any other name, it should be broadly interpreted to refer to instructions, instruction sets, code, code segments, program code, programs, subprograms, software modules, applications, software applications, software packages, routines, subroutines, objects, executable files, execution threads, procedures, functions, etc.

[0402] Furthermore, software, instructions, and information can also be sent and received via a transmission medium. For example, when software is sent from a website, server, or other remote source using at least one of wired technologies (coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, Digital Subscriber Line (DSL) etc.) and wireless technologies (infrared, microwave, etc.), at least one of these wired and wireless technologies is included within the definition of a transmission medium.

[0403] The terms “system” and “network” as used in this disclosure are interchangeable. “Network” may also mean devices included in a network (e.g., base stations).

[0404] In this disclosure, the terms “precoding”, “precoder”, “weight (precoding weight)”, “quasi-co-location (QCL)”, “transmission configuration indication state (TCI state)”, “spatial relation”, “spatial domain filter”, “transmit power”, “phase rotation”, “antenna port”, “layer”, “number of layers”, “rank”, “resource”, “resource set”, “beam”, “beamwidth”, “beam angle”, “antenna”, “antenna element”, “panel”, “UE panel”, “transmitting entity”, and “receiving entity” are used interchangeably.

[0405] Furthermore, in this disclosure, the antenna port can also be rewritten with an antenna port used for any signal / channel (e.g., a DeModulation Reference Signal (DMRS) port). In this disclosure, resources can also be rewritten with resources used for any signal / channel (e.g., reference signal resources, SRS resources, etc.). Additionally, resources can also include time / frequency / code / spatial / power resources. Moreover, the spatial domain transmission filter can also include at least one of a spatial domain transmission filter and a spatial domain reception filter.

[0406] The aforementioned groups may include, for example, at least one of the following: spatial relation group, code division multiplexing (CDM) group, reference signal (RS) group, control resource set (CORESET) group, PUCCH group, antenna port group (e.g., DMRS port group), layer group, resource group, beam group, antenna group, panel group, etc.

[0407] Furthermore, in this disclosure, beam, SRS Resource Indicator (SRI), CORESET, CORESET pool, PDSCH, PUSCH, Codeword (CW), Transport Block (TB), RS, etc., can also be rewritten to each other.

[0408] Furthermore, in this disclosure, the TCI state, downlink TCI state (DL TCI state), uplink TCI state (UL TCI state), unified TCI state, common TCI state, and joint TCI state can also be rewritten to each other.

[0409] Furthermore, in this disclosure, terms such as "QCL", "QCL concept", "QCL relationship", "QCL type information", "QCL property (QCLproperty / properties)", "specific QCL type (e.g., type A, type D) property", and "specific QCL type (e.g., type A, type D)" can be rewritten interchangeably.

[0410] In this disclosure, indexes, identifiers (IDs), indicators, indications, resource IDs, etc., can also be interchanged. In this disclosure, sequences, lists, sets, groups, clusters, subsets, etc., can also be interchanged.

[0411] Furthermore, the spatial relationship information identifier (ID) (TCI state ID) and the spatial relationship information (TCI state) can be interchanged. "Spatial relationship information (TCI state)" can also be interchanged with "a set of spatial relationship information (TCI states)," "one or more spatial relationship information," etc. TCI state and TCI can also be interchanged. Spatial relationship information and spatial relationship can also be interchanged.

[0412] In this disclosure, the terms "Base Station (BS)", "Wireless Base Station", "Fixed Station", "NodeB", "eNB (eNodeB)", "gNB (gNodeB)", "Access Point", "Transmission Point (TP)", "Reception Point (RP)", "Transmission / Reception Point (TRP)", "Panel", "Cell", "Sector", "Cell Group", "Carrier", and "Component Carrier" are used interchangeably. There are also instances where the terms macro cell, small cell, femtocell, and picocell are used to refer to a base station.

[0413] A base station can accommodate one or more (e.g., three) cells. When a base station accommodates multiple cells, the overall coverage area of ​​the base station can be divided into multiple smaller areas, each of which can also provide communication services through a base station subsystem (e.g., a small indoor base station (Remote Radio Head (RRH))). Terms such as "cell" or "sector" refer to a portion or all of the coverage area of ​​at least one of the base station and base station subsystem providing communication services within that coverage area.

[0414] In this disclosure, the act of a base station sending information to a terminal can also be rewritten in relation to the act of the base station instructing the terminal to perform control / operation based on that information.

[0415] In this disclosure, the terms “Mobile Station (MS)”, “user terminal”, “user equipment (UE)”, and “terminal” are used interchangeably.

[0416] There are also instances where mobile stations are referred to as subscriber stations, mobile units, subscriber units, wireless units, remote units, mobile devices, wireless devices, wireless communication devices, remote devices, mobile subscriber stations, access terminals, mobile terminals, wireless terminals, remote terminals, handsets, user agents, mobile clients, clients, or several other appropriate terms.

[0417] At least one of the base station and the mobile station can also be referred to as a transmitting device, a receiving device, a wireless communication device, etc. Additionally, at least one of the base station and the mobile station can also be a device mounted on a moving object, the moving object itself, etc.

[0418] The term "mobile body" refers to a movable object whose speed is arbitrary, including situations where the body is stationary. Examples of such mobile bodies include vehicles, transport vehicles, automobiles, motorcycles, bicycles, connected cars, loading shovels, bulldozers, wheel loaders, dump trucks, forklifts, trains, buses, trolleys, rickshaws, ships (including vessels and other watercraft), airplanes, rockets, satellites, drones, multi-rotor aircraft, quadcopters, balloons, and objects carried on them, but are not limited to these. Furthermore, the mobile body can also be a mobile body that moves autonomously based on operational commands.

[0419] The mobile entity can be a means of transportation (e.g., a vehicle, an airplane, etc.), a mobile entity moving in an unmanned manner (e.g., a drone, an autonomous vehicle, etc.), or a robot (humanized or unmanned). Additionally, at least one of the base station and the mobile station may include a device that does not necessarily move during communication operations. For example, at least one of the base station and the mobile station may also be an Internet of Things (IoT) device such as a sensor.

[0420] Figure 14This figure illustrates an example of a vehicle according to one embodiment. The vehicle 40 includes a drive unit 41, a steering unit 42, an accelerator pedal 43, a brake pedal 44, a gear shift lever 45, left and right front wheels 46, left and right rear wheels 47, an axle 48, an electronic control unit 49, various sensors (including a current sensor 50, a speed sensor 51, a pressure sensor 52, a vehicle speed sensor 53, an acceleration sensor 54, an accelerator pedal sensor 55, a brake pedal sensor 56, a gear shift lever sensor 57, and an object detection sensor 58), an information service unit 59, and a communication module 60.

[0421] The drive unit 41 is comprised of at least one of an engine, a motor, or a combination of an engine and a motor. The steering unit 42 is configured to include at least a steering wheel (also called a handlebar) and to perform directional control on at least one of the front wheel 46 and the rear wheel 47 based on the operation of the steering wheel by the user.

[0422] The electronic control unit 49 consists of a microprocessor 61, a memory (ROM, RAM) 62, and a communication port (e.g., an input / output (IO) port) 63). Signals from various sensors 50-58 present in the vehicle are input into the electronic control unit 49. The electronic control unit 49 can also be referred to as an ECU (Electronic Control Unit).

[0423] The signals from various sensors 50-58 include current signals from current sensor 50 that senses the current of the motor, speed signals from front wheel 46 / rear wheel 47 obtained by speed sensor 51, air pressure signals from front wheel 46 / rear wheel 47 obtained by air pressure sensor 52, vehicle speed signals obtained by vehicle speed sensor 53, acceleration signals obtained by acceleration sensor 54, accelerator pedal 43 depress amount signals obtained by accelerator pedal sensor 55, brake pedal 44 depress amount signals obtained by brake pedal sensor 56, shift lever 45 operation signals obtained by shift lever sensor 57, and detection signals obtained by object detection sensor 58 for detecting obstacles, vehicles, pedestrians, etc.

[0424] The information service unit 59 comprises various devices such as a vehicle navigation system, audio system, speakers, display, television, and radio, used to provide (output) various information such as driving information, traffic information, and entertainment information, as well as one or more ECUs that control these devices. The information service unit 59 uses information obtained from external devices via the communication module 60, etc., to provide various information / services (e.g., multimedia information / multimedia services) to the occupants of the vehicle 40.

[0425] The information service unit 59 may include input devices that accept input from the outside (e.g., keyboard, mouse, microphone, switch, button, sensor, touch panel, etc.) or output devices that implement output to the outside (e.g., display, speaker, LED light, touch panel, etc.).

[0426] The driver assistance system unit 64 comprises various devices used to provide functions for preventing accidents and reducing the driver's workload, such as millimeter-wave radar, light detection and ranging (LiDAR), cameras, positioning devices (e.g., Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS)), map information (e.g., High Definition (HD) maps, Autonomous Vehicle (AV) maps), gyroscope systems (e.g., Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU)) and Inertial Navigation System (INS)), artificial intelligence (AI) chips, and AI processors, as well as one or more ECUs that control these devices. Furthermore, the driver assistance system unit 64 sends and receives various information via a communication module 60 and implements driver assistance or autonomous driving functions.

[0427] The communication module 60 can communicate with the microprocessor 61 and the structural elements of the vehicle 40 via the communication port 63. For example, the communication module 60 sends and receives data (information) with the microprocessor 61 and memory (ROM, RAM) 62, and various sensors 50-58 in the drive unit 41, steering control unit 42, accelerator pedal 43, brake pedal 44, gear shift lever 45, left and right front wheels 46, left and right rear wheels 47, axle 48, and electronic control unit 49 of the vehicle 40 via the communication port 63.

[0428] The communication module 60 is controlled by the microprocessor 61 of the electronic control unit 49 and is a communication device capable of communicating with external devices. For example, it can transmit and receive various types of information between external devices via wireless communication. The communication module 60 can be located either inside or outside the electronic control unit 49. The external device can be, for example, the aforementioned base station 10, user terminal 20, etc. Furthermore, the communication module 60 can be, for example, at least one of the aforementioned base station 10 and user terminal 20 (or it can function as at least one of the base station 10 and user terminal 20).

[0429] The communication module 60 can also wirelessly transmit at least one of the following to an external device: signals from the various sensors 50-58 described above that are input to the electronic control unit 49, information obtained based on these signals, and information based on input from an external source (user) obtained via the information service unit 59. The electronic control unit 49, the various sensors 50-58, the information service unit 59, etc., can also be referred to as input units that receive input. For example, the PUSCH transmitted via the communication module 60 can also contain information based on the aforementioned input.

[0430] The communication module 60 receives various information (traffic information, traffic light information, vehicle-to-vehicle information, etc.) sent from external devices and displays it to the information service unit 59 provided by the vehicle. The information service unit 59 can also be referred to as an output unit that outputs information (for example, outputs information to devices such as displays and speakers based on the PDSCH received through the communication module 60 (or data / information decoded from the PDSCH).

[0431] Furthermore, the communication module 60 stores various information received from external devices in a memory 62 that can be used by the microprocessor 61. The microprocessor 61 can also control the drive unit 41, steering unit 42, accelerator pedal 43, brake pedal 44, gear shift lever 45, left and right front wheels 46, left and right rear wheels 47, axle 48, and various sensors 50-58 of the vehicle 40 based on the information stored in the memory 62.

[0432] Furthermore, the base station in this disclosure can also be rewritten as a user terminal. For example, various methods / implementations of this disclosure can be applied to structures where communication between the base station and the user terminal is replaced by communication between multiple user terminals (e.g., also referred to as device-to-device (D2D) or vehicle-to-everything (V2X)). In this case, it can also be configured such that the user terminal 20 has the functions of the base station 10 described above. In addition, terms such as "uplink" and "downlink" can be rewritten as terms corresponding to inter-terminal communication (e.g., "sidelink"). For example, uplink channel, downlink channel, etc., can also be rewritten as sidelink channel.

[0433] Similarly, the user terminal in this disclosure can also be rewritten as a base station. In this case, it can also be configured such that the base station 10 has the functions of the user terminal 20 described above.

[0434] In this disclosure, operations are assumed to be performed by the base station, and sometimes, depending on the circumstances, by its upper node. Clearly, in a network containing one or more network nodes having a base station, various operations for communication with a terminal can be performed by the base station, one or more network nodes other than the base station (e.g., considering a Mobility Management Entity (MME), a Serving-Gateway (S-GW), etc., but not limited to these), or combinations thereof.

[0435] The various methods / implementations described in this disclosure can be used individually or in combination, and can be switched as needed during execution. Furthermore, the processing procedures, timing sequences, flowcharts, etc., of the various methods / implementations described in this disclosure can be rearranged as long as they do not contradict each other. For example, for the method described in this disclosure, the illustrated order is used to indicate various steps, but the order in which they are indicated is not limited.

[0436] The various methods / implementations described in this disclosure can also be applied to Long Term Evolution (LTE), LTE-Advanced (LTE-A), LTE-Beyond (LTE-B), SUPER 3G, IMT-Advanced, 4th generation mobile communication system (4G), 5th generation mobile communication system (5G), 6th generation mobile communication system (6G), xth generation mobile communication system (xG (x is, for example, an integer or a decimal)), Future Radio Access (FRA), New-Radio Access Technology (RAT), New Radio (NR), New radio access (NX), Futuregeneration radio access (FX), Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM (registered trademark)), CDMA2000, Ultra Mobile Broadband (UMB), IEEE This includes 802.11 (Wi-Fi (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.20, Ultra-Wideband (UWB)), Bluetooth (registered trademark), systems utilizing other suitable wireless communication methods, and next-generation systems derived from enhancements, modifications, creations, or specifications based on them. Furthermore, multiple systems can be combined (e.g., LTE or LTE-A, combinations with 5G, etc.) for application.

[0437] As used in this disclosure, the term "based on" does not mean "based on only" unless otherwise specified. In other words, the term "based on" means both "based on only" and "based on at least".

[0438] Any reference to an element using the designations "first," "second," etc., as used in this disclosure does not comprehensively limit the quantity or order of these elements. These designations may be used in this disclosure as a convenient method of distinguishing between two or more elements. Therefore, reference to the first and second elements does not imply that only two elements may be used, or that the first element must take precedence over the second element in some form.

[0439] The term "determining" as used in this disclosure can encompass a wide variety of operations. For example, "determining" can also refer to judging, calculating, computing, processing, deriving, investigating, looking up (search, inquiry) (e.g., searching in a table, database or other data structure), and ascertaining.

[0440] In addition, "judgment (decision)" can also refer to receiving (e.g., receiving information), transmitting (e.g., sending information), inputting, outputting, accessing (e.g., accessing data in memory), etc., as situations where "judgment (decision)" is performed.

[0441] Furthermore, "judgment (decision)" can also refer to situations where resolving, selecting, choosing, establishing, or comparing are considered as making a "judgment (decision)". That is, "judgment (decision)" can also refer to certain operations as making a "judgment (decision)". In this disclosure, "judgment (decision)" can also be rewritten in relation to the operations described above.

[0442] Furthermore, in this disclosure, "determine / determining" can also be interchanged with "assume / assuming," "expect / expecting," "consider / considering," etc. Additionally, in this disclosure, "not assuming..." can also be interchanged with "assuming not...".

[0443] In this disclosure, "expect" can also be interchanged with "be expected." For example, "expect(s)..." (where "..." can also be expressed using a that clause, an infinitive to, etc.) can be interchanged with "be expected...". "Does not expect..." can also be interchanged with "be not expected...". Furthermore, "An apparatus A is not expected..." can also be interchanged with "Apparatus B other than apparatus A does not expect..." (for example, if apparatus A is a UE, apparatus B can also be a base station).

[0444] The term "maximum transmit power" as used in this disclosure may refer to the maximum value of the transmit power, the nominal maximum transmit power (the nominal UE maximum transmit power), or the rated maximum transmit power (the rated UE maximum transmit power).

[0445] As used in this disclosure, the terms “connected,” “coupled,” or all variations thereof, refer to all direct or indirect connections or combinations between two or more elements, and can include cases where there is one or more intermediate elements between two mutually “connected” or “coupled” elements. The connections or combinations between elements can be physical, logical, or a combination thereof. For example, “connection” can also be rewritten as “access.”

[0446] In this disclosure, when two elements are connected, it is possible to consider using more than one wire, cable, printed electrical connection, etc. to be "connected" or "combined" with each other, and as several non-limiting and non-exclusive examples, to use electromagnetic energy with wavelengths having wireless frequency domain, microwave region, light (both visible and invisible) region to be "connected" or "combined" with each other.

[0447] In this disclosure, the term "A is different from B" can also mean "A and B are different from each other." Additionally, the term can also mean "A and B are each different from C." Terms such as "separate" and "combined" can also be interpreted in the same way as "different."

[0448] When the terms "include," "including," and variations thereof are used in this disclosure, these terms, like the term "comprising," mean inclusive. Furthermore, the term "or" as used in this disclosure does not mean XOR.

[0449] In this disclosure, for example, in cases where articles are added through translation, such as a, an, and the in English, the disclosure may also include cases where the noun following these articles is in a plural form.

[0450] In this disclosure, terms such as "below," "less than," "above," "more than," and "equal to" can be interchanged. Furthermore, in this disclosure, statements meaning "good," "bad," "large," "small," "high," "low," "early," "late," "wide," and "narrow" can be interchanged, not limited to the positive, comparative, and superlative degrees. Additionally, in this disclosure, statements meaning "good," "bad," "large," "small," "high," "low," "early," "late," "wide," and "narrow" can also be interchanged as expressions accompanied by "i" (where i is any integer), not limited to the positive, comparative, and superlative degrees (e.g., "highest" can also be interchanged with "i-th highest").

[0451] In this disclosure, "of", "for", "regarding", "related to", "associated with", etc., can also be rewritten interchangeably.

[0452] In this disclosure, phrases such as "when A, B", "if A, then B", "B upon A", "B in response to A", "B based on A", "B during / while A", "B before A", "B at (the same time as) / on A", "B after A", "B since A", and "B until A" can be rewritten interchangeably. Furthermore, A and B can be appropriately replaced with nouns, gerunds, or other suitable expressions depending on the context. Additionally, the time difference between A and B can be approximately 0 (immediately following or immediately preceding). Moreover, a time offset can be applied to the time A occurs. For example, "A" can also be rewritten interchangeably with "before / after the time offset of A". This time offset (e.g., more than one symbol / slot) can be predetermined or determined by the UE based on the information it is notified of.

[0453] In this disclosure, timing, moment, time, time instance, arbitrary time unit (e.g., time slot, sub-time slot, symbol, subframe), period, opportunity, resource, etc., can also be rewritten to each other.

[0454] The inventions disclosed herein have been described in detail above. However, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the inventions disclosed herein are not limited to the embodiments described herein. The description herein is for illustrative purposes only and is not intended to limit the inventions disclosed herein in any way.

Claims

1. A terminal, comprising: The receiving unit receives a common synchronization signal block shared by multiple operators, a set of multiple identifiers used to identify operators, and information about cells indicating whether frequency resources are shared among multiple operators; and The control unit, based on the common synchronization signal, the set of identifiers, and the information, controls the operations related to initial access. The set of identifiers is received after transmission via the physical random access channel based on the synchronization signal block.

2. The terminal according to claim 1, wherein, The receiving unit receives the set of identifiers in a random access response for the physical random access channel.

3. The terminal according to claim 1, wherein, The control unit uses messages scheduled via random access responses to the physical random access channel to control operator-related reports for the connection.

4. The terminal according to claim 1, wherein, The receiving unit receives the set of identifiers using response messages to messages scheduled via random access response.

5. A wireless communication method for a terminal, comprising: The steps include receiving a common synchronization signal block among multiple operators, a set of multiple identifiers for identifying operators, and information about a cell indicating whether frequency resources are shared among multiple operators; and Based on the common synchronization signal, the set of identifiers, and the information, the steps for controlling operations related to initial access are as follows: The set of identifiers is received after transmission via the physical random access channel based on the synchronization signal block.

6. A base station, comprising: The transmitting unit transmits a common synchronization signal block shared by multiple operators, a set of multiple identifiers for identifying operators, and information indicating whether a cell is sharing frequency resources among multiple operators; and The control unit, using the common synchronization signal, the set of identifiers, and the information, instructs operations related to initial access. The set of identifiers is sent after reception of the physical random access channel based on the synchronization signal block.

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