Kitchen garbage multi-stage sorting device

Abstract

The application relates to the field of kitchen garbage treatment related equipment, and particularly discloses a multi-stage sorting device for kitchen garbage; the device comprises a sorting barrel, a mixing unit is arranged in the sorting barrel, the mixing unit comprises a blocking cylinder, a mixing rod, a longitudinal driver and a rotating driver, a blanking hole is arranged in the lower part of the blocking cylinder; a water inlet is arranged in the lower part of the sorting barrel, the mixing rod is arranged in the blocking cylinder, and a hard object collecting cavity is formed below the mixing rod; a push block is arranged above the blocking cylinder and is fixed with the mixing rod; an overflow groove is arranged in the upper part of the sorting barrel, the overflow groove is arranged outside the sorting barrel, the top of the overflow groove is at the same height as the top of the sorting barrel or is lower than the top of the sorting barrel; the multi-stage sorting device for kitchen garbage solves the problem that relatively small stones and plastic pieces exist in the pretreated kitchen garbage, and the kitchen garbage treatment effect is poor and the dredging cost is increased.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of equipment for kitchen waste treatment, specifically to a multi-stage sorting device for kitchen waste. Background Technology

[0002] Kitchen waste mainly consists of organic materials such as rice, vegetable leaves, and fruit peels, but it inevitably contains hard objects such as stones, glass, and ceramics. In addition, the waste is wrapped in plastic garbage bags when it is disposed of, so pretreatment is required before composting or fermenting kitchen waste.

[0003] During pretreatment, garbage bags are broken to ensure the garbage falls out. Simultaneously, kitchen waste is sorted using air separation to remove larger, hard objects and garbage bags that are empty and can be blown away. However, in practice, the applicant found that garbage bags and pebbles still remained inside the kitchen waste entering the fermentation equipment. This is because some garbage remained inside the bags during the breaking stage and some bags ruptured, forming relatively small plastic pieces that were trapped and could not be blown out separately during air separation. Similarly, some relatively small pebbles were also trapped and not screened out. However, these pebbles are still relatively large for the fermentation equipment. With a large number of pebbles, they tend to accumulate at the bottom of the equipment, resulting in insufficient effective fermentation space, excessive bottom sludge, and increased dredging costs. Furthermore, collisions between pebbles and agitator blades in the fermentation equipment can easily deform or even damage the blades. Plastic sheets wrapped around some organic waste can isolate the waste from oxygen and microorganisms, resulting in poor fermentation and increased sediment buildup, which increases dredging costs. Furthermore, plastic bags are difficult to degrade through fermentation. Therefore, if too many plastic bags are mixed in the sediment, even if the sediment is treated by landfill, it will still cause environmental pollution. Thus, before subsequent treatments such as fermentation, it is necessary to separate the relatively small-sized stones and plastic sheets mixed in with the waste. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention aims to provide a multi-stage sorting device for kitchen waste to solve the problem that the kitchen waste still contains relatively small-sized stones and plastic pieces after pretreatment, which leads to poor kitchen waste treatment effect and increased dredging cost.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a multi-stage sorting device for kitchen waste, comprising a sorting bin, a mixing unit provided inside the sorting bin, the mixing unit comprising a baffle, a mixing rod, a longitudinal drive, and a rotary drive, the baffle being vertically disposed inside the sorting bin, and a material discharge hole provided at the lower part of the baffle; a water inlet is provided at the lower part of the sorting bin, the mixing rod being located inside the baffle and slidingly engaging with the baffle, a hard material collection cavity being formed below the mixing rod, the longitudinal drive and the rotary drive being used to drive the mixing rod to slide and rotate vertically, respectively; a push block is provided above the baffle, the push block being fixed to the mixing rod; an overflow trough is provided at the upper part of the sorting bin, the overflow trough being sleeved on the outside of the sorting bin, and the top of the overflow trough being at the same height as or lower than the top of the sorting bin.

[0006] The beneficial effects of this plan are: 1. In this solution, after kitchen waste enters the sorting bin, water is introduced into the bin, and the buoyancy of the water separates the waste. Plastic sheets, with their lower density, float on the surface, while harder objects like pebbles settle at the bottom of the bin. Simultaneously, the continuous flow of water from the inlet carries loosely structured organic materials like bones, as well as less dense organic matter such as fruit peels and vegetable leaves, upwards, away from the discharge hole, making it easier for pebbles to enter.

[0007] 2. In this scheme, the lower part of the mixing rod is located inside the baffle. When water enters the sorting barrel, it also enters the baffle and is located below the mixing rod. Therefore, when the mixing rod slides downward, it can cause the water in the baffle to flow outward from the discharge hole. Under the action of the water flow, the organic matter located at the lower end of the baffle will move away from the discharge hole. Meanwhile, the stones have a high density and relatively small particle size. Under the action of gravity, they can overcome the action of the water flow and continue to fall into the discharge hole. This can further separate the stones from the organic matter with a similar particle size, thereby improving the sorting effect.

[0008] 3. When the mixing rod rotates, it agitates the liquid in the upper part of the sorting tank, causing ripples to form on the liquid surface. This pushes the plastic sheets floating on the water surface closer to the side wall of the sorting tank. When the mixing rod and pusher block enter the water downwards, they increase the height of the ripples. This causes the water at the crest of the ripples to carry the plastic sheets over the top of the side wall of the sorting tank and fall into the overflow trough, thus automatically separating the plastic sheets.

[0009] Meanwhile, since long, flexible waste such as fruit peels and vines have a relatively high density and are mainly concentrated in the middle and lower parts of the sorting bin, and the middle and lower parts of the mixing rod in this design are located inside the baffle, even if the mixing rod rotates, these long, flexible wastes will not spirally wrap around the mixing rod and become difficult to clean. Furthermore, the baffle has a large diameter, so even if waste comes into contact with it, it is unlikely to wrap around the baffle by more than 360°, and the baffle does not rotate, further reducing the risk of waste entanglement. Similarly, the pusher block has a larger diameter than the mixing rod, so waste is also unlikely to wrap around the pusher block by more than 360°, effectively reducing the probability of waste becoming entangled in the rotating structure and difficult to clean.

[0010] Furthermore, the pusher is frustum-shaped, and the diameter of the lower end of the pusher is smaller than the diameter of the upper end, with the sidewall of the pusher forming a water-pushing surface.

[0011] Furthermore, the height of the pusher is greater than the downward stroke of the hybrid rod.

[0012] The beneficial effect of this solution is that when the pusher enters the water downwards, it can better form ripples with higher crests, thereby causing the water and plastic sheets to fall out of the sorting bin.

[0013] Furthermore, a recycling unit is provided on the side of the sorting bin. The recycling unit includes a recycling bin and a sealing plate. The lower part of the recycling bin has an opening that communicates with the sorting bin. The sealing plate is detachably connected to the recycling bin and is used to close the opening.

[0014] Furthermore, the top of the recycling bin is greater than or equal to the top of the sorting bin, the overflow trough is C-shaped, the end of the overflow trough abuts against the side wall of the recycling bin, and the end of the overflow trough is provided with an overflow hole that communicates with the sorting bin.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this solution are as follows: opening the opening allows the sorted waste in the sorting bin to fall into the recycling bin, facilitating the transfer of waste to the fermentation process; the operation is simple. The overflow hole allows water falling with the plastic sheet to enter the recycling bin, thus separating the plastic sheet from the water in a timely manner and preventing excessive water in the overflow trough from causing the plastic sheet to re-enter the sorting bin.

[0016] Furthermore, a piston block is fixed to the lower end of the mixing rod.

[0017] Furthermore, the diameter of the piston block is larger than the diameter of the mixing rod, and the baffle includes a collection part and a blocking part that are fixedly connected. The collection part is located below the blocking part and the inner diameter of the collection part is larger than the inner diameter of the blocking part. The discharge hole is located at the lower part of the collection part, and the piston block is located inside the collection part.

[0018] The beneficial effects of this solution are: the piston block can better facilitate the water in the lower part of the baffle to flow out through the discharge hole and continuously form a water flow.

[0019] Furthermore, the bottom of the sorting barrel is equipped with a storage trough, the hard object collection chamber is located inside the storage trough, and the lower end of the collection part seals the storage trough.

[0020] The beneficial effect of this solution is that after the storage tank contains stones, it can prevent the lower end of the mixing rod from entering the hard material collection chamber and colliding with the collected stones.

[0021] Furthermore, the lower part of the sorting barrel is provided with a material guide section, which is located above the storage tank and is funnel-shaped.

[0022] Furthermore, the lower end of the guide section is opposite to the discharge hole.

[0023] The beneficial effects of this solution are: the guiding section can cause the stones settled at the bottom of the sorting barrel to slide towards the side closer to the baffle, causing the stones to fall into the hard material collection chamber. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 2 for Figure 1 Exploded view; Figure 3 for Figure 1 The frontal vertical sectional view; Figure 4 This is a frontal vertical sectional view of Embodiment 2 of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a perspective view of the striking mechanism in Embodiment 3 of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a perspective view of the baffle in Embodiment 4 of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The following detailed description illustrates the specific implementation method: The reference numerals in the accompanying drawings include: sorting bin 1, guide section 11, storage tank 12, water inlet 13, recycling bin 2, sealing plate 21, guide rod 22, hydraulic cylinder 23, filter hole 24, overflow trough 3, overflow hole 31, baffle 4, collection section 41, shielding section 42, discharge hole 43, guide block 44, mixing rod 5, push block 51, piston block 52, driven gear 53, linear section 54, sliding sleeve 55, telescopic ring 6, bracket 61, driving component 7, and striking block 71.

[0026] Example The implementation examples are basically as follows Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3As shown, a multi-stage sorting device for kitchen waste includes a frame, a sorting bin 1, a mixing unit, and a recycling unit. The sorting bin 1 is bolted to the frame. The lower part of the sorting bin 1 is a funnel-shaped guide section 11, and the bottom of the guide section 11 is a storage trough 12. A hard object collection chamber is formed inside the storage trough 12. In this embodiment, a discharge valve is installed at the bottom of the storage trough 12 to periodically discharge the stones collected in the storage trough 12. An overflow trough 3 is fitted on the top of the sorting bin 1. In this embodiment, the overflow trough 3 is C-shaped, and the sidewall of the overflow trough 3 is bolted to the outer wall of the sorting bin 1.

[0027] The mixing unit is located inside the sorting tank 1. The mixing unit includes a baffle 4, a mixing rod 5, a longitudinal driver, and a rotary driver. The baffle 4, the mixing rod 5, and the sorting tank 1 are coaxially arranged. The baffle 4 is located above the storage tank 12. The baffle 4 includes an integrally formed collecting part 41 and a blocking part 42. The diameter of the collecting part 41 is larger than the diameter of the blocking part 42, and the collecting part 41 is located below the blocking part 42. The lower end of the collecting part 41 abuts against the bottom of the guiding part 11. The lower part of the baffle 4 is provided with several dropping holes 43 along the circumference. The lower part of the sorting tank 1 is provided with a water inlet 13. Specifically, in this embodiment, the water inlet 13 is located at the lower part of the storage tank 12, so that after water enters the sorting tank 1, it can flow from the dropping holes 43 to the space between the baffle 4 and the side wall of the sorting tank 1.

[0028] A piston block 52 is slidably fitted inside the collection section 41. There is a gap between the side wall of the piston block 52 and the side wall of the collection section 41. Specifically, this gap is designed to ensure that water still flows out of the collection section 41 through the discharge hole 43 when the piston block 52 slides downward. The lower end of the mixing rod 5 extends into the collection section 41 and is connected to the top of the piston block 52 via a flange. The top of the shielding part 42 is lower than the top of the sorting tank 1. The upper end of the mixing rod 5 extends above the shielding part 42. A pusher block 51 is interference-fitted to the upper part of the mixing rod 5. The vertical projection of the pusher block 51 is frustum-shaped, and the diameter of the bottom of the pusher block 51 is smaller than the diameter of the top, so that the side wall of the pusher block 51 forms an inclined water-pushing surface. A straight section 54 is welded to the top of the mixing rod 5. The straight section 54 is a quadrangular prism, and a sliding sleeve 55 is fitted on the straight section 54. The sliding sleeve 55 is rotatably engaged with the frame via a bearing, and a linear bearing is also provided between the sliding sleeve 55 and the straight section 54. A driven gear 53 is keyed to the sliding sleeve 55. A driving gear is mounted on the frame via a bearing, and the driving gear meshes with the driven gear 53. In this embodiment, the rotary driver, linear driver, and frame are not shown. The rotary driver is a motor, which is mounted on the frame. The output shaft of the motor is connected to the driving gear via a coupling or reducer to drive the driving gear to rotate. The linear driver is a cylinder, with the piston rod of the cylinder pointing downwards and connected to the top of the straight section 54 via a flange, to drive the mixing rod 5 to slide vertically. At the same time, the height of the push block 51 is greater than the downward sliding distance of the mixing rod 5.

[0029] A recycling unit is provided on the right side of the sorting bin 1. The recycling unit includes a recycling bin 2 and a sealing plate 21. The recycling bin 2 is welded and fixed to the sorting bin 1. The right end of the guide part 11 is a flat surface with an opening that communicates with the recycling bin 2, which is used to discharge the waste in the sorting bin 1 into the recycling bin 2. The sealing plate 21 is V-shaped. The middle part of the sealing plate 21 is hinged to the side wall of the recycling bin 2. The left end of the sealing plate 21 is pressed against the plane and seals the opening. The right part of the sealing plate 21 is arranged horizontally, and two support blocks are welded to the top of the right part of the sealing plate 21. A guide rod 22 is installed between the two support blocks by screws. A slider is slidably fitted on the guide rod 22. A hydraulic cylinder 23 is installed on the top of the sorting bin 1. The piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder 23 faces downward and is hinged to the slider. When the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder 23 extends downward, it can make the sealing plate 21 rotate clockwise, so that the left end of the sealing plate 21 is pressed against the plane and seals the opening. When the piston rod slides upward, it makes the sealing plate 21 rotate counterclockwise, opening the opening and discharging the garbage in the sorting bin 1.

[0030] The bottom of the recycling bin 2 is inclined and equipped with filter holes 24 for separating water from waste. In actual implementation, the separated water can also be recycled and reused by setting a water collection device at the bottom of the recycling bin 2. The right wall of the recycling bin 2 is also equipped with a discharge port and an electromagnetic door for sealing the discharge port. The top of the recycling bin 2 is higher than the sorting bin 1, and both ends of the overflow trough 3 abut against the side wall of the recycling bin 2. The side wall of the overflow trough 3 is equipped with several overflow holes 31 that communicate with the recycling bin 2, which are used to automatically guide the water in the overflow trough 3 into the recycling bin 2, and then discharge it through the filter holes 24, facilitating the unified collection of water.

[0031] The specific implementation process is as follows: In this embodiment, the multi-stage kitchen waste sorting device injects an appropriate amount of water into the sorting bin 1 through the water inlet 13, and simultaneously puts the kitchen waste to be processed into the sorting bin 1. After the water level is close to the top of the sorting bin 1, the water injection speed is reduced. The motor is started, and the mixing rod 5 rotates under the action of the motor, driving the push block 51 to rotate synchronously. Under the action of the water flow from the water inlet 13 and the rotation of the mixing rod 5, the waste gradually disperses in the water, the stones settle at the bottom of the sorting bin 1, and the plastic sheets float on the water surface.

[0032] Then, the mixing rod 5 is moved downwards, causing the pusher block 51 and piston block 52 to move downwards as well. The pusher block 51 pushes the water surface to form ripples, causing the plastic sheet mixed with some water to fall into the overflow trough 3. The water then enters the recycling bin 2 through the overflow hole 31 for collection. Under the action of gravity, the pebbles flow backwards into the hard object collection chamber and are collected, thus separating the pebbles and plastic sheet from the organic matter of the kitchen waste.

[0033] After sorting, the sealing plate 21 is opened, and the water mixed with organic matter in the sorting tank 1 enters the recycling tank 2. The water flows downward through the filter hole 24 and separates from the organic matter. Then the discharge port is opened, and the organic matter is taken out from the discharge port. After reducing the water content by pressure filtration using existing equipment, solid materials such as straw are added to adjust the overall water content before being transported to the fermentation process. Alternatively, existing equipment can be used to first make pulp before proceeding to the next process. These are all existing technologies and will not be described in detail in this embodiment.

[0034] Example 2 Based on Example 1, such as Figure 4 As shown, in this embodiment, the top of the sorting barrel 1 is provided with a C-shaped telescopic ring 6. The two ends of the telescopic ring 6 also abut against the side wall of the recycling barrel 2. The sliding of the telescopic ring 6 is positioned by the recycling barrel 2. In this embodiment, the telescopic ring 6 has an inverted V-shaped cross section along the vertical direction. The upward projection of the side wall of the sorting barrel 1 is located in the groove formed by the inverted V-shaped telescopic ring 6. The inner ring of the telescopic ring 6 is attached to the inner wall of the sorting barrel 1 and maintains a state that allows water to pass through. The vertical projection of the outer ring is located in the overflow groove 3, and the lower end of the outer ring is inclined to the side away from the sorting barrel 1.

[0035] A cylindrical section is welded to the top of the linear section 54. A bracket 61 is mounted on the cylindrical section via a bearing. The end of the bracket 61 away from the cylindrical section is connected to the top of the telescopic ring 6 by bolts. The linear actuator is connected to the top of the cylindrical section.

[0036] In this embodiment, when the sorting device is in use, the water at the top of the sorting barrel 1 flows through the gap between the telescopic ring 6 and the side wall of the sorting barrel 1 to the overflow trough 3. The water flow at the top of the sorting barrel 1 also causes the plastic sheet to move closer to the side wall of the sorting barrel 1. When the mixing rod 5 slides downward, it causes the telescopic ring 6 to slide downward, which, in conjunction with the push block 51, can better promote the flow of water at the top of the sorting barrel 1 into the overflow trough 3, and can better promote the plastic sheet to fall into the overflow trough 3.

[0037] Example 3 Based on Examples 1 and 2, such as Figure 5 As shown, the lower part of the sorting barrel 1 in this embodiment is provided with a striking mechanism. The striking mechanism includes a driving component 7 and a striking block 71. The driving component 7 is a motor and is mounted on the frame. The striking block 71 is opposite to the material guide 11 and is keyed to the output shaft of the driving component 7. The connection position between the striking block 71 and the driving component 7 is offset from the center of the striking block 71, so that when the driving component 7 drives the striking block 71, the striking block 71 will intermittently collide with the material guide 11. This will cause the stones falling on the material guide 11 to slide towards the side closer to the baffle 4 under the action of gravity, causing the stones to fall into the collection trough.

[0038] Example 4 Based on Example 3, such as Figure 6 As shown, in this embodiment, the material discharge hole 43 is strip-shaped, and a guide block 44 is welded to the outer wall of the baffle 4. The cross section of the guide block 44 in the horizontal direction is triangular, and the guide block 44 is located between adjacent material discharge holes 43 to guide the stones and further promote the stones to pass through the material discharge hole 43 and fall into the collection tank.

[0039] The above descriptions are merely embodiments of the present invention, and common knowledge such as specific technical solutions and / or characteristics are not described in detail here. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the technical solutions of the present invention, and these should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention. These modifications and improvements will not affect the effectiveness of the implementation of the present invention or the practicality of the patent. The scope of protection claimed in this application should be determined by the content of its claims, and the specific embodiments described in the specification can be used to interpret the content of the claims.

Claims

1. A multi-stage sorting device for kitchen waste, comprising sorting bins, characterized in that: The sorting barrel is equipped with a mixing unit, which includes a baffle, a mixing rod, a longitudinal drive, and a rotary drive. The baffle is vertically positioned inside the sorting barrel and has a material discharge hole at its lower part. A water inlet is located at the lower part of the sorting barrel. The mixing rod is located inside the baffle and slides with it. A hard material collection cavity is formed below the mixing rod. The longitudinal drive and the rotary drive are used to drive the mixing rod to slide and rotate vertically, respectively. A push block is located above the baffle and is fixed to the mixing rod. An overflow trough is located at the upper part of the sorting barrel and is fitted onto the outside of the sorting barrel. The top of the overflow trough is at the same height as or lower than the top of the sorting barrel.

2. The multi-stage sorting device for kitchen waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pusher is frustum-shaped, with the diameter of the lower end smaller than the diameter of the upper end, and the sidewall of the pusher forms a water-pushing surface.

3. The multi-stage sorting device for kitchen waste according to claim 2, characterized in that: The height of the pusher is greater than the downward stroke of the hybrid rod.

4. The multi-stage sorting device for kitchen waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: A recycling unit is provided on the side of the sorting bin. The recycling unit includes a recycling bin and a sealing plate. The lower part of the recycling bin has an opening that communicates with the sorting bin. The sealing plate is detachably connected to the recycling bin and is used to close the opening.

5. A multi-stage sorting device for kitchen waste according to claim 4, characterized in that: The top of the recycling bin is greater than or equal to the top of the sorting bin. The overflow trough is C-shaped, and the end of the overflow trough abuts against the side wall of the recycling bin. The end of the overflow trough is provided with an overflow hole that communicates with the sorting bin.

6. The multi-stage sorting device for kitchen waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: A piston block is fixed to the lower end of the mixing rod.

7. A multi-stage sorting device for kitchen waste according to claim 6, characterized in that: The diameter of the piston block is larger than the diameter of the mixing rod. The baffle includes a collection part and a blocking part that are fixedly connected. The collection part is located below the blocking part and the inner diameter of the collection part is larger than the inner diameter of the blocking part. The discharge hole is located at the lower part of the collection part, and the piston block is located inside the collection part.

8. A multi-stage sorting device for kitchen waste according to claim 7, characterized in that: The bottom of the sorting bin is equipped with a storage trough, and the hard object collection chamber is located inside the storage trough. The lower end of the collection part closes the storage trough.

9. A multi-stage sorting device for kitchen waste according to claim 8, characterized in that: The lower part of the sorting barrel is provided with a material guiding section, which is located above the storage tank and is funnel-shaped.

10. A multi-stage sorting device for kitchen waste according to claim 9, characterized in that: The lower end of the guide section is opposite to the discharge hole.

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