A hydraulic engineering dredging device and method thereof

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of water conservancy engineering dredging, in particular to a water conservancy engineering dredging device and method, which comprises a mechanical arm, a support frame, a silt collecting pipe and a crushing assembly. The crushing assembly comprises a protective shell, an adjusting unit, two crushing plates, a friction layer and multiple drainage valves. When the water level of a river channel is high, the protective shell is first lowered to the bottom of the river channel, and the drainage valves are started to drain the river water in the protective shell. Meanwhile, the adjusting unit is started to move the crushing plates towards the friction layer, and the crushing plates and the friction layer are continuously rotated to crush the clumped silt and stones between the crushing plates and the friction layer. When the water level is low, the drainage valves do not need to be started, and the crushing can be directly performed. Finally, the crushed silt is pumped out through the silt collecting pipe, and the water conservancy engineering river channel dredging operation is completed. Therefore, when the water level is high, the internal river water can be drained, the silt is prevented from becoming dilute, and the river water is prevented from being polluted; and when the water level is low, splashing can be prevented.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of dredging technology in water conservancy projects, and in particular to a device and method for dredging water conservancy projects. Background Technology

[0002] In water conservancy projects, rivers are an important component, undertaking core functions such as flood control and drainage, navigation, ecological maintenance, and water resource allocation. However, with the increase in usage time, a large amount of silt accumulates at the bottom of the river, affecting its normal use. Currently, sludge pumps are installed in conjunction with pipelines to dredge the river. However, the silt usually contains a large number of stones or clumps, and directly feeding it into the sludge pump will damage the equipment. Therefore, the silt collected in the river is directly crushed, and then the crushed silt is pumped away by the sludge pump to complete the dredging operation.

[0003] In the aforementioned existing technologies, although directly crushing silt in the river channel of a water conservancy project can crush clumps of silt or stones, when the water level is too high, the crushed silt easily mixes with the river water, making the silt thinner and unable to be properly removed. If the water level is too low, the silt will splash around during crushing and even pollute the road surface, which will reduce the efficiency of dredging. Therefore, crushing silt in the river channel is very inconvenient. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a device and method for dredging silt in water conservancy projects, which solves the problem that in the prior art, silt is directly crushed in the river channel of water conservancy projects. Although it can crush clumps of silt or stones, when the water level is too high, the crushed silt is easily mixed with the river water, making the silt thinner and unable to be properly removed. If the water level is too low, the silt will splash around during crushing and even pollute the road surface, which will reduce the dredging efficiency. Therefore, crushing silt in the river channel is very inconvenient.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a dredging device for water conservancy projects, comprising a robotic arm, a support frame, a sludge collection pipe, and a crushing assembly. The robotic arm is disposed above the support frame, and the sludge collection pipe is disposed on the robotic arm. The crushing assembly includes a protective shell, an adjusting unit, two crushing plates, a friction layer, and multiple drain valves. The protective shell is fixedly connected to the lower part of the support frame. The adjusting unit is located inside the protective shell. Both crushing plates are mounted on the adjusting unit and are respectively located on the inner side wall and the inner bottom wall of the protective shell. The friction layer is located on the inner side wall of the protective shell. The multiple drain valves are sequentially mounted on the protective shell.

[0006] The crushing assembly further includes multiple crushing blocks and a sludge collection unit. The crushing plate has multiple flow channels, and the multiple crushing blocks are sequentially arranged on two crushing plates. The sludge collection unit is located on one side of the regulating unit.

[0007] The adjustment unit includes two sealed housings, a first rotating component, and a lateral adjustment mechanism. The first rotating component is disposed above the protective housing, and its output end passes through the protective housing and is fixedly connected to the lateral adjustment mechanism. The sealed housing is fitted over the first rotating component.

[0008] The lateral adjustment mechanism includes a slide groove, a lateral drive component, a threaded rod, and a threaded block. The output end of the first rotating component is fixedly connected to the slide groove. The lateral drive component is disposed on one side of the slide groove. The sealing shell is fitted over the outside of the lateral drive component. The threaded rod is disposed inside the slide groove. The output end of the lateral drive component is fixedly connected to the threaded rod. The threaded block is adapted to the threaded rod.

[0009] The adjustment unit further includes a crushing and lifting component, a lifting block, a second rotating component, a rotating block, and multiple telescopic adjustment components. The crushing and lifting component is located below the threaded block, and its output end is fixedly connected to the lifting block. The second rotating component is located inside the lifting block, and its output end is fixedly connected to the rotating block. The rotating block is located below the lifting block. Multiple telescopic adjustment components are sequentially arranged inside the rotating block, and their output ends pass through the rotating block and are respectively fixedly connected to the corresponding crushing plates.

[0010] The sludge collection unit includes a support block, a support pipe, and a collection shell. The support block is located on one side of the lifting block, the support pipe is located on the support block, and the collection shell is connected to the lower part of the support pipe.

[0011] The sludge collection unit further includes a filtration mechanism, a first sludge pump, a connecting pipe, and a transfer mechanism. The first sludge pump is connected to the top of the support pipe. The filtration mechanism is located inside the collection shell. The transfer mechanism is located on the protective shell. The two ends of the connecting pipe are connected to the first sludge pump and the transfer mechanism, respectively. The transfer mechanism is connected to the sludge collection pipe.

[0012] The filtering mechanism includes a filter plate, a connecting frame, multiple protrusions, two sealing chambers, and two pushing components. The filter plate has multiple filter holes and is disposed inside the collection shell. The connecting frame is provided with multiple protrusions and is located inside the collection shell. The protrusions are adapted to the filter holes. The two sealing chambers are symmetrically disposed inside the collection shell. The two pushing components are respectively disposed inside the corresponding sealing chambers. The output end of the pushing component passes through the sealing chamber and is fixedly connected to the connecting frame.

[0013] The transfer mechanism includes an arc-shaped outer shell, two sliders, a sealing ring, multiple electronic valves, a second sludge pump, and multiple reinforcing blocks. The arc-shaped outer shell is disposed on the protective outer shell. The two sliders are sequentially disposed outside the connecting pipe. The sealing ring is disposed at the end of the connecting pipe away from the first sludge pump. The multiple electronic valves are sequentially disposed inside the arc-shaped outer shell, and the electronic valves are adapted to the sealing ring. The arc-shaped outer shell has two arc-shaped grooves, and the sliders are slidably connected to the arc-shaped grooves. The second sludge pump is disposed inside the arc-shaped outer shell. One end of the sludge collection pipe is connected to the second sludge pump. The sludge collection pipe is connected to the support frame and the robotic arm through the multiple reinforcing blocks.

[0014] The present invention also provides a method for dredging silt in water conservancy projects, which uses the above-described dredging device for water conservancy projects and includes the following steps: The robotic arm is installed and connected to a transport vehicle beside the river. The robotic arm is activated to move the support frame, so that the protective shell is located in the river channel; When the river water level is high, the protective shell is first lowered to the bottom of the river, and then the drainage valve is activated to drain the river water inside the protective shell. The adjustment unit is activated to bring the crushing plate closer to the friction layer and rotate it continuously to crush the clumps of silt and stones between the crushing plate and the friction layer. When the water level is low, there is no need to activate the drain valve; the crushing can proceed directly. Finally, the crushed silt is extracted and discharged through the silt collection pipe, completing the dredging operation of the water conservancy project.

[0015] This invention discloses a dredging device and method for water conservancy projects. The method involves connecting a robotic arm to a transport vehicle beside a river; then, activating the robotic arm to move the support frame, positioning the protective shell within the riverbed; when the river level is high, the protective shell is first lowered to the bottom of the river, at which point the drainage valve is activated to discharge the river water inside the protective shell; simultaneously, the regulating unit is activated, moving the crushing plate closer to the friction layer, which then rotates continuously, crushing the clumps of silt and stones between the crushing plate and the friction layer; when the water level... When the water level is low, there is no need to activate the drainage valve; the sludge can be directly crushed. Finally, the crushed sludge is extracted and discharged through the sludge collection pipe, completing the dredging operation of the water conservancy project. This not only directly crushes the sludge in the river channel, improving the overall dredging efficiency and eliminating the tedious operation of extracting and crushing, but also allows for the discharge of internal river water when the water level is high, preventing the sludge from becoming thin and polluting the river. When the water level is low, it also prevents splashing. Therefore, the dredging device of this application can significantly improve the user experience and dredging efficiency in water conservancy projects. Attached Figure Description

[0016] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below.

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the water conservancy engineering dredging device of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the water conservancy engineering dredging device of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 3 This is the invention Figure 2 Enlarged view of the local structure at point A.

[0020] Figure 4 This is the invention Figure 2 Enlarged view of the local structure at point B.

[0021] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the arc-shaped outer shell of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the crushing plate of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 7 This is a diagram of the internal structure of the collection shell of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 8 This is a flowchart of the steps of the water conservancy engineering dredging method of the present invention.

[0025] 1-Mechanical arm, 2-Support frame, 3-Sludge collection pipe, 4-Protective shell, 5-Crushing plate, 6-Friction layer, 7-Drain valve, 8-Crushing block, 9-Flow channel, 10-Sealing shell, 11-First rotating component, 12-Slide groove, 13-Horizontal drive component, 14-Threaded rod, 15-Threaded block, 16-Crushing lifting component, 17-Lifting block, 18-Second rotating component, 19-Rotating block, 20-Telescopic adjustment component, 21-Support block, 22-Support pipe, 23-Collection shell, 24-First sludge pump, 25-Connecting pipe, 26-Filter plate, 27-Connecting frame, 28-Protrusion, 29-Sealing chamber, 30-Pushing component, 31-Filter hole, 32-Arc-shaped shell, 33-Slider, 34-Sealing ring, 35-Electronic valve, 36-Second sludge pump, 37-Reinforcing block, 38-Arc-shaped groove. Detailed Implementation

[0026] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below. Examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to explain the present invention, but should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0027] Please see Figures 1 to 7 This invention provides a dredging device for water conservancy projects, comprising a robotic arm 1, a support frame 2, a sludge collection pipe 3, and a crushing assembly. The crushing assembly includes a protective shell 4, an adjusting unit, two crushing plates 5, a friction layer 6, and multiple drainage valves 7. The crushing assembly also includes multiple crushing blocks 8 and a sludge collection unit. The crushing plates 5 have multiple flow grooves 9. The adjusting unit includes two sealed shells 10, a first rotating component 11, and a lateral adjusting mechanism. The lateral adjusting mechanism includes a sliding groove 12, a lateral driving component 13, a threaded rod 14, and a threaded block 15. The adjusting unit also includes a crushing lifting component 16 and a lifting mechanism. The sludge collection unit includes a block 17, a second rotating component 18, a rotating block 19, and multiple telescopic adjustment components 20. The sludge collection unit also includes a support block 21, a support pipe 22, and a collection shell 23. The sludge collection unit further includes a filtration mechanism, a first sludge pump 24, a connecting pipe 25, and a transfer mechanism. The filtration mechanism includes a filter plate 26, a connecting frame 27, multiple protrusions 28, two sealing chambers 29, and two pushing components 30. The filter plate 26 has multiple filter holes 31. The transfer mechanism includes an arc-shaped shell 32, two sliders 33, a sealing ring 34, multiple electronic valves 35, a second sludge pump 36, and multiple reinforcing blocks 37.

[0028] The robotic arm 1 is positioned above the support frame 2, the sludge collection pipe 3 is mounted on the robotic arm 1, the protective shell 4 is fixedly connected to the lower part of the support frame 2, the adjustment unit is located inside the protective shell 4, two crushing plates 5 are mounted on the adjustment unit and are respectively located on the inner side wall and the inner bottom wall of the protective shell 4, the friction layer 6 is mounted on the inner side wall of the protective shell 4, and multiple drainage valves 7 are sequentially mounted on the protective shell 4. The robotic arm 1 is installed and connected to a transport vehicle beside the river. Then, the robotic arm 1 is activated to move the support frame 2, positioning the protective shell 4 within the river. When the river level is high, the protective shell 4 is first lowered to the bottom of the river, at which point the drain valve 7 is activated to drain the water inside the protective shell 4. Simultaneously, the regulating unit is activated, moving the crushing plate 5 towards the friction layer 6, causing it to rotate continuously and crush the clumps of silt and stones between the crushing plate 5 and the friction layer 6. When the water level is low, there is no need to activate the drain valve 7; crushing can proceed directly. Finally, the crushed silt is extracted and discharged through the silt collection pipe 3, completing the river dredging operation for the water conservancy project. The friction layer 6 helps to increase friction and enhance the crushing effect. The drain valve 7 is equipped with a pump to help drain excess water.

[0029] Secondly, the crushing plate 5 has multiple flow channels 9, and multiple crushing blocks 8 are sequentially arranged on two crushing plates 5. The sludge collection unit is located on one side of the adjusting unit. When the crushing plate 5 rotates, the crushing effect can be improved by the crushing blocks 8. At the same time, when the crushing plate 5 moves telescopically, the flow channels 9 allow sludge to pass through, reducing resistance during movement.

[0030] Meanwhile, the first rotating component 11 is positioned above the protective housing 4, with its output end penetrating the protective housing 4 and fixedly connected to the lateral adjustment mechanism. The sealing housing 10 is fitted over the first rotating component 11. The sealing housing 10 protects the first rotating component 11 and the lateral drive component 13, preventing river water from affecting normal operation. The lateral adjustment mechanism can drive the crushing plate 5 to move laterally, moving it into the interior of the protective housing 4. Then, as the adjustment unit rotates, the crushing plate 5 moves along the inner wall, gradually crushing the clumps of silt and stones in all internal areas.

[0031] Furthermore, the output end of the first rotating component 11 is fixedly connected to the slide groove 12, the transverse driving component 13 is disposed on one side of the slide groove 12, the sealing housing 10 is sleeved on the outside of the transverse driving component 13, the threaded rod 14 is disposed inside the slide groove 12, the output end of the transverse driving component 13 is fixedly connected to the threaded rod 14, and the threaded block 15 is adapted to the threaded rod 14. Both the transverse driving component 13 and the first rotating component 11 are self-locking motors. When the transverse driving component 13 is activated, it drives the threaded rod 14 to rotate, which cooperates with the threaded block 15 to move the threaded block 15, thereby allowing the crushing plate 5 below to move and adjust.

[0032] Then, the crushing and lifting component 16 is disposed below the threaded block 15, and the output end of the crushing and lifting component 16 is fixedly connected to the lifting block 17. The second rotating component 18 is disposed inside the lifting block 17, and the output end of the second rotating component 18 is fixedly connected to the rotating block 19. The rotating block 19 is located below the lifting block 17. A plurality of telescopic adjustment components 20 are sequentially disposed inside the rotating block 19, and the output ends of the plurality of telescopic adjustment components 20 penetrate the rotating block 19 and are respectively fixedly connected to the corresponding crushing plate 5. Both the crushing and lifting component 16 and the telescopic adjustment component 20 are waterproof cylinders. When the crushing and lifting component 16 is activated, it drives the lifting block 17 to move downward, so that the crushing plate 5 is close to the silt. At the same time, the second rotating component 18 is a self-locking motor. First, the telescopic adjustment component 20 is activated, so that the crushing plate 5 holds the clumps of silt and stones against it. At this time, the second rotating component 18 is activated, driving the rotating block 19 to rotate back and forth, and then crushing it through the crushing block 8. After crushing one area, the first rotating component 11 is activated, so that the slide 12 rotates, so that the crushing plate 5 moves along the inner wall, and the above crushing operation is repeated, thereby gradually crushing the clumps of silt and stones in all areas inside.

[0033] Furthermore, the support block 21 is disposed on one side of the lifting block 17, the support pipe 22 is disposed on the support block 21, and the collecting shell 23 is connected to the lower part of the support pipe 22. The support frame supports the support pipe 22, and the support pipe 22 supports the collecting shell 23. The sludge enters the collecting pipe through the collecting shell 23, and then reaches the connecting pipe 25 from the first sludge pump 24.

[0034] Furthermore, the first sludge pump 24 is connected to the upper part of the support pipe 22, the filtration mechanism is disposed inside the collection shell 23, the transfer mechanism is disposed on the protective shell 4, and the two ends of the connecting pipe 25 are respectively connected to the first sludge pump 24 and the transfer mechanism. The transfer mechanism is connected to the sludge collection pipe 3. The filtration mechanism filters the sludge entering the collection shell 23, preventing clumps of sludge and large stones from passing through the filter holes 31. When the first sludge pump 24 is started, it pumps the sludge through the connecting pipe 25 into the transfer mechanism, and finally discharges it from the sludge collection pipe 3.

[0035] Thus, the filter plate 26 has a plurality of filter holes 31, the filter plate 26 is disposed inside the collection shell 23, the connecting frame 27 is provided with a plurality of protrusions 28, the connecting frame 27 is located inside the collection shell 23, the protrusions 28 are adapted to the filter holes 31, two sealing chambers 29 are symmetrically disposed inside the collection shell 23, and two pushing components 30 are respectively disposed inside the corresponding sealing chambers 29, the output end of the pushing component 30 passes through the sealing chamber 29 and is fixedly connected to the connecting frame 27. Each component of this device is remotely connected to the control module of the transport vehicle beside the river. The upper-level control module can then set the push component 30 to start periodically. The push component 30 is a cylinder, and the sealing chamber 29 provides a protective seal. After the push component 30 is started, it can move multiple protrusions 28 through the connecting frame 27 to push out the clumps of silt or stones that are blocking the filter holes 31. This periodically cleans the filter holes 31 to avoid clogging and affecting the dredging efficiency. The clumps of silt or stones that are pushed out are then crushed again until they can pass through the filter holes 31.

[0036] Finally, the arc-shaped outer shell 32 is disposed on the protective outer shell 4, the two sliders 33 are sequentially disposed on the outside of the connecting pipe 25, the sealing ring 34 is disposed on the end of the connecting pipe 25 away from the first sludge pump 24, the multiple electronic valves 35 are sequentially disposed inside the arc-shaped outer shell 32, the electronic valves 35 and the sealing ring 34 are mutually adapted, the arc-shaped outer shell 32 has two arc-shaped grooves 38, the sliders 33 are slidably connected to the arc-shaped grooves 38, the second sludge pump 36 is disposed inside the arc-shaped outer shell 32, one end of the sludge collection pipe 3 is connected to the second sludge pump 36, and the sludge collection pipe 3 is connected to the support frame 2 and the robotic arm 1 through multiple reinforcing blocks 37. After the slide 12 is repositioned, the lifting block 17 will also rotate, thereby driving the support block 21 and the collection shell 23 to rotate, avoiding obstruction of the operation of the crushing plate 5. When the support block 21 rotates, it drives the connecting pipe 25 to slide inside the arc-shaped outer shell 32, while the slider 33 slides in the arc-shaped groove 38 to maintain stability. When the connecting pipe 25 moves to the end of the corresponding electronic valve 35, the sealing ring 34 achieves a sealing effect, and the movement stops. This not only allows for adjustment of the crushing area of ​​the crushing plate 5 inside the protective shell 4, but also ensures real-time extraction of sludge by continuously switching the position of the collection shell 23. When the sludge enters the arc-shaped outer shell 32, the second sludge pump 36 is started to discharge the collected sludge through the sludge collection pipe 3. The reinforcing block 37 supports and fixes the sludge collection pipe 3.

[0037] When using the dredging device for water conservancy projects according to this embodiment, the robotic arm 1 is installed and connected to a transport vehicle beside the river. Then, the robotic arm 1 is activated to move the support frame 2, so that the protective shell 4 is located in the river. When the river water level is high, the protective shell 4 is first lowered to the bottom of the river. At this time, the drain valve 7 is activated to drain the river water inside the protective shell 4. At the same time, the adjustment unit is activated to move the crushing plate 5 towards the friction layer 6, and then rotate continuously to crush the clumps of silt and stones between the crushing plate 5 and the friction layer 6. When the water level is low, it is not necessary to activate the drain valve 7, and crushing can be carried out directly. Finally, the crushed silt is extracted and discharged through the silt collection pipe 3, completing the dredging operation of the water conservancy project river. With the above-mentioned structural design, the sludge is directly crushed in the river channel, improving the overall dredging efficiency and eliminating the tedious operation of pumping it out and crushing it again. At the same time, when the water level is high, the internal river water can be discharged to prevent the sludge from becoming thin and polluting the river water; when the water level is low, it can also prevent splashing. Therefore, the dredging device of this application can significantly improve the user experience and dredging efficiency when dredging water conservancy projects.

[0038] Please see Figure 8 The present invention also provides a method for dredging silt in water conservancy projects, comprising the following steps: S1: Install and connect the robotic arm 1 to the transport vehicle beside the river; S2: Start the robotic arm 1 to move the support frame 2, so that the protective shell 4 is located in the river channel; S3: When the river water level is high, first lower the protective shell 4 to the bottom of the river, and then activate the drain valve 7 to drain the river water inside the protective shell 4; S4: Activate the adjustment unit to move the crushing plate 5 toward the friction layer 6 and rotate it continuously to crush the clumps of silt and stones between the crushing plate 5 and the friction layer 6. S5: When the water level is low, there is no need to activate the drain valve 7; the crushing can be carried out directly. S6: Finally, the crushed silt is extracted and discharged through the silt collection pipe 3, completing the dredging operation of the water conservancy project.

[0039] The process involves installing and connecting the robotic arm 1 to a transport vehicle beside the river; activating the robotic arm 1 to move the support frame 2, positioning the protective shell 4 within the riverbed; when the river level is high, first lowering the protective shell 4 to the bottom of the river, then activating the drain valve 7 to drain the water inside the protective shell 4; activating the regulating unit to move the crushing plate 5 towards the friction layer 6, causing it to rotate continuously and crush the clumps of silt and stones between the crushing plate 5 and the friction layer 6; when the water level is low, there is no need to activate the drain valve 7, and crushing can proceed directly; finally, the crushed silt is extracted and discharged through the silt collection pipe 3, completing the river dredging operation for the water conservancy project.

[0040] The above-disclosed embodiments are merely one or more preferred embodiments of this application and should not be construed as limiting the scope of this application. Those skilled in the art can understand that all or part of the processes for implementing the above embodiments and equivalent changes made in accordance with the claims of this application still fall within the scope of this application.

Claims

1. A dredging device for water conservancy projects, comprising a robotic arm, a support frame, and a sludge collection pipe, wherein the robotic arm is disposed above the support frame, and the sludge collection pipe is disposed on the robotic arm, characterized in that, It also includes a crushing component; The crushing assembly includes a protective shell, an adjusting unit, two crushing plates, a friction layer, and multiple drain valves. The protective shell is fixedly connected to the lower part of the support frame. The adjusting unit is located inside the protective shell. Both crushing plates are mounted on the adjusting unit and are respectively located on the inner side wall and the inner bottom wall of the protective shell. The friction layer is located on the inner side wall of the protective shell. The multiple drain valves are sequentially mounted on the protective shell.

2. The dredging device for water conservancy projects as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The crushing assembly also includes multiple crushing blocks and a sludge collection unit. The crushing plate has multiple flow channels, and the multiple crushing blocks are sequentially arranged on two crushing plates. The sludge collection unit is located on one side of the regulating unit.

3. The dredging device for water conservancy projects as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The adjustment unit includes two sealed housings, a first rotating component, and a lateral adjustment mechanism. The first rotating component is disposed above the protective housing, and its output end passes through the protective housing and is fixedly connected to the lateral adjustment mechanism. The sealed housing is fitted over the outside of the first rotating component.

4. The dredging device for water conservancy projects as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The lateral adjustment mechanism includes a slide, a lateral drive component, a threaded rod, and a threaded block. The output end of the first rotating component is fixedly connected to the slide. The lateral drive component is disposed on one side of the slide. The sealing shell is fitted over the outside of the lateral drive component. The threaded rod is disposed inside the slide. The output end of the lateral drive component is fixedly connected to the threaded rod. The threaded block is adapted to the threaded rod.

5. The dredging device for water conservancy projects as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The adjustment unit further includes a crushing and lifting component, a lifting block, a second rotating component, a rotating block, and multiple telescopic adjustment components. The crushing and lifting component is located below the threaded block, and its output end is fixedly connected to the lifting block. The second rotating component is located inside the lifting block, and its output end is fixedly connected to the rotating block. The rotating block is located below the lifting block. Multiple telescopic adjustment components are sequentially arranged inside the rotating block, and their output ends pass through the rotating block and are respectively fixedly connected to the corresponding crushing plates.

6. The dredging device for water conservancy projects as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The sludge collection unit includes a support block, a support pipe, and a collection shell. The support block is located on one side of the lifting block, the support pipe is located on the support block, and the collection shell is connected to the lower part of the support pipe.

7. The dredging device for water conservancy projects as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The sludge collection unit further includes a filtration mechanism, a first sludge pump, a connecting pipe, and a transfer mechanism. The first sludge pump is connected to the top of the support pipe. The filtration mechanism is located inside the collection shell. The transfer mechanism is located on the protective shell. The two ends of the connecting pipe are respectively connected to the first sludge pump and the transfer mechanism. The transfer mechanism is connected to the sludge collection pipe.

8. The dredging device for water conservancy projects as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The filtration mechanism includes a filter plate, a connecting frame, multiple protrusions, two sealing chambers, and two pushing components. The filter plate has multiple filter holes and is disposed inside the collection shell. The connecting frame is provided with multiple protrusions and is located inside the collection shell. The protrusions are adapted to the filter holes. The two sealing chambers are symmetrically disposed inside the collection shell. The two pushing components are respectively disposed inside the corresponding sealing chambers. The output end of the pushing component passes through the sealing chamber and is fixedly connected to the connecting frame.

9. The dredging device for water conservancy projects as described in claim 8, characterized in that, The transfer mechanism includes an arc-shaped outer shell, two sliders, a sealing ring, multiple electronic valves, a second sludge pump, and multiple reinforcing blocks. The arc-shaped outer shell is disposed on the protective outer shell. The two sliders are sequentially disposed outside the connecting pipe. The sealing ring is disposed at the end of the connecting pipe away from the first sludge pump. The multiple electronic valves are sequentially disposed inside the arc-shaped outer shell, and the electronic valves are adapted to the sealing ring. The arc-shaped outer shell has two arc-shaped grooves, and the sliders are slidably connected to the arc-shaped grooves. The second sludge pump is disposed inside the arc-shaped outer shell. One end of the sludge collection pipe is connected to the second sludge pump. The sludge collection pipe is connected to the support frame and the robotic arm through the multiple reinforcing blocks.

10. A method for dredging silt in water conservancy projects, employing the dredging device for water conservancy projects as described in claim 9, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: The robotic arm is installed and connected to a transport vehicle beside the river. The robotic arm is activated to move the support frame, so that the protective shell is located in the river channel; When the river water level is high, the protective shell is first lowered to the bottom of the river, and then the drainage valve is activated to drain the river water inside the protective shell. The adjustment unit is activated to bring the crushing plate closer to the friction layer and rotate it continuously to crush the clumps of silt and stones between the crushing plate and the friction layer. When the water level is low, there is no need to activate the drain valve; the crushing can proceed directly. Finally, the crushed silt is extracted and discharged through the silt collection pipe, completing the dredging operation of the water conservancy project.

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