Exhaust treatment device, internal combustion engine and catalyst module
By arranging catalyst elements in parallel and setting main and bypass outlet pipes for the exhaust treatment device, the problems of complex operation and large space occupation of internal combustion engine exhaust treatment devices are solved, achieving simple operation and reliability, reducing leakage risk, and adapting to the needs of internal combustion engine modification.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- WINTERTHUR GAS & DIESEL AG
- Filing Date
- 2025-12-12
- Publication Date
- 2026-06-16
AI Technical Summary
Existing internal combustion engine exhaust treatment devices are complex to operate, occupy a large space, and have a high risk of leakage. In particular, it is difficult to achieve simple and reliable aftertreatment during the modification process.
An exhaust treatment device was designed, including a longitudinally elongated exhaust manifold and a catalyst container. The catalyst elements are arranged in parallel with the same flow direction. A main outlet and a bypass outlet pipe are provided. The catalyst module is detachable for easy maintenance. The parallel arrangement reduces pressure drop and space occupation.
It achieves simple operation and reliability of exhaust treatment device, reduces space occupation and weight, simplifies maintenance process, reduces leakage risk, and adapts to the modification needs of internal combustion engine.
Smart Images
Figure CN122215901A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to an exhaust aftertreatment device for an internal combustion engine and an internal combustion engine.
[0002] The present invention preferably relates to an internal combustion engine, such as a large marine engine or a ship engine or a stationary engine, whose cylinder has an inner diameter of at least 200 mm. Background Technology
[0003] The engine is preferably a two-stroke engine or a two-stroke crosshead engine. It can be a diesel engine or a gas engine, a dual-fuel or multi-fuel engine. Combustion of liquid and / or gaseous fuels, as well as self-ignition or forced ignition, are possible in such engines.
[0004] The internal combustion engine can be a longitudinally scavenged two-stroke engine.
[0005] The term "internal combustion engine" also refers to large engines that can operate not only in diesel mode (characterized by self-ignition of fuel) but also in Otto mode (characterized by forced ignition of fuel), or in a combination of both. Furthermore, the term "internal combustion engine" specifically includes dual-fuel engines and large engines in which self-ignition of one fuel is used for forced ignition of another fuel. Forced ignition can be achieved by using a pre-combustion chamber, spark plugs, and / or igniting the fuel.
[0006] The engine speed is preferably below 800 RPM, especially for four-stroke engines, and more preferably below 200 RPM, especially for two-stroke engines, which indicates the designation of a low-speed engine.
[0007] The fuel can be diesel or marine diesel or heavy fuel oil or emulsion or slurry or methanol or ethanol, as well as gases such as liquefied natural gas (LNG), liquefied petroleum gas (LPG), natural gas (NG), petroleum gas (PG), etc.
[0008] Other possible fuels include: LBG (liquefied biogas), biofuels (such as oil made from algae or seaweed), ammonia, hydrogen, and synthetic fuels derived from CO2 (such as those produced via power-to-gas or power-to-liquid conversion).
[0009] Large ships, especially those used for transporting cargo, are typically powered by internal combustion engines, particularly diesel and / or gas engines, usually two-stroke crosshead engines.
[0010] Typically, exhaust gases from combustion processes need to be cleaned to comply with existing regulations, such as IMO Tier III (International Maritime Organization Stage III emission standards).
[0011] The IMO emission standards, commonly referred to as Tier I…III standards, specifically define NOx (nitrogen oxides) emission standards for existing and new marine engines. SCR (Selective Catalytic Reduction) technology is used to reduce NOx levels in internal combustion engine exhaust.
[0012] EP2527611 A1 discloses an exhaust aftertreatment device for a large diesel engine, comprising a longitudinally elongated exhaust manifold and a catalyst container, the exhaust manifold having multiple inlets. The exhaust manifold and the catalyst container are arranged generally parallel to each other and are demarcated from each other by at least one partition extending in the longitudinal direction in each case. The exhaust manifold is connected to the catalyst container via one or more orifices provided in one or more partitions to guide exhaust gas through the catalyst element to a corresponding outlet during operation.
[0013] The catalyst container may include two catalyst stacks arranged in parallel and flowing from the sides of the container toward the center. An additional orifice is present in the center of the separator, allowing bypassing of the catalyst elements. Exhaust gas is supplied from the center of the catalyst container to one or both turbochargers.
[0014] Each catalyst assembly requires a separate orifice with a corresponding valve.
[0015] Exhaust aftertreatment devices must typically be installed between the cylinder and the turbocharger. An outlet in the middle of the catalytic converter can result in additional space and piping in the engine compartment. Any replacement of the aftertreatment device or modification of an engine with an aftertreatment device can be extremely difficult or even impossible.
[0016] In an alternative embodiment according to CN 215907943 U, exhaust gas flows through the catalyst in only one direction. Catalyst elements can be arranged alternately to compensate for high pressure drops. The catalyst container includes a collector section, and exhaust gas can be directed directly from the exhaust manifold to the collector section to bypass the catalyst. This arrangement provides a compact design but presents a risk of leakage because various valves must be arranged within the exhaust aftertreatment unit. Summary of the Invention
[0017] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an exhaust treatment device, an internal combustion engine and a catalyst module, which at least partially avoid the disadvantages of prior art solutions, and in particular provide simple operation and reliable aftertreatment.
[0018] According to a first aspect of the invention, the technical problem is solved by an exhaust treatment device for an internal combustion engine having at least two cylinders, the internal combustion engine being a dual-fuel internal combustion engine, each cylinder having an inner diameter of at least 200 mm, the exhaust treatment device comprising: - a longitudinally elongated exhaust manifold extending in a longitudinal direction and having at least one inlet for exhaust gas from each cylinder; - a catalyst container containing at least two catalyst elements, wherein the exhaust manifold is fluidly connected to or may be fluidly connected to the catalyst container to allow exhaust gas to flow from the exhaust manifold through the catalyst elements during operation, wherein the catalyst elements are arranged in at least two units of the catalyst elements, these units being capable of being flowed by exhaust gas in parallel and in the same flow direction, wherein the units are arranged to at least not completely overlap in the flow direction, wherein the exhaust treatment device includes a main outlet pipe fluidly connected to or may be fluidly connected to the catalyst container, and the exhaust treatment device includes a bypass outlet pipe fluidly connected to or may be fluidly connected to the longitudinally elongated exhaust manifold.
[0019] According to the invention, the exhaust treatment device is used for internal combustion engines having at least two cylinders, particularly dual-fuel internal combustion engines, preferably each cylinder having an inner diameter of at least 200 mm.
[0020] The exhaust treatment device includes a longitudinally elongated exhaust manifold that extends in the longitudinal direction and has at least one inlet for exhaust from each cylinder, preferably one inlet per cylinder.
[0021] The at least two cylinders are preferably arranged with parallel axial directions and adjacent to each other.
[0022] Preferably, multiple inlets are arranged adjacent to each other along the length of the exhaust manifold, which defines the direction of the longitudinal extension, thereby defining the longitudinal direction.
[0023] This longitudinal direction corresponds to the direction perpendicular to the axial direction of the cylinder.
[0024] The exhaust treatment device includes a catalyst container containing at least two catalyst elements, particularly an SCR catalyst element.
[0025] The exhaust manifold is fluidly connected to or may be fluidly connected to the catalyst container to allow exhaust gas to flow from the exhaust manifold through the catalyst element during operation.
[0026] The exhaust manifold may be fluidly connected to the catalyst container near one of its longitudinal ends.
[0027] These catalyst elements are arranged in at least two catalyst element units. These units can be connected in parallel and are flowed by exhaust gas in the same direction.
[0028] Parallel exhaust flow paths can provide a lower pressure drop.
[0029] Preferably, the flow direction corresponds to the longitudinal direction.
[0030] Each unit includes at least one catalyst element. Each unit may include at least two catalyst elements arranged in series and / or in parallel with respect to the flow direction.
[0031] These units are arranged such that they do not at least completely overlap in the flow direction. Preferably, these units do not overlap in the flow direction.
[0032] These units can be arranged such that when a first portion of the exhaust passes through the first unit, a second portion of the exhaust bypasses at least a portion of the first unit and then enters the second unit.
[0033] The first and second units can be arranged such that their projections on a plane perpendicular to the flow direction overlap.
[0034] This enables a slim design for the exhaust treatment unit. For two units arranged in parallel as described above, the catalyst container only needs to be smaller than the sum of the widths and / or heights of these units.
[0035] The slim design provides a smaller reactor shell width, which reduces weight and steel usage.
[0036] Preferably, the catalyst container can flow in only one flow direction during use.
[0037] The exhaust treatment device includes a main outlet pipe that is fluidly connected to or may be fluidly connected to a catalyst container.
[0038] The exhaust treatment unit includes a bypass outlet pipe that is fluidly or potentially fluidly connected to a longitudinal exhaust manifold. The bypass outlet pipe can be used for exhaust gases released from the exhaust treatment unit without passing through the catalytic converter element.
[0039] Preferably, the main outlet pipe is arranged at the first longitudinal end of the exhaust treatment device, more preferably, opposite to the longitudinal end where the fluid connection between the exhaust manifold and the catalyst container is located. Therefore, exhaust gas can flow from one longitudinal end to the opposite longitudinal end as it passes through the catalyst container.
[0040] Preferably, the bypass outlet pipe is arranged at the same first longitudinal end of the exhaust treatment device where the main outlet pipe is arranged.
[0041] The main outlet pipe can be arranged on the end face of the catalyst container.
[0042] The bypass outlet pipe can be installed on the end face of the exhaust manifold.
[0043] Therefore, exhaust gas can be released from the exhaust treatment device at one of the longitudinal ends.
[0044] Exhaust gas can be delivered to the turbocharger from this longitudinal end. In particular, this arrangement provides convenient gas connection when exhaust aftertreatment devices are retrofitted into combustion engines.
[0045] Preferably, the exhaust manifold and the catalyst container are arranged adjacent to each other and demarcated from each other by at least one separator. The exhaust manifold may be fluidly connected to the catalyst container via an orifice provided in the at least one separator. Thus, the separator includes an opening for guiding exhaust gas from the exhaust manifold to the catalyst element.
[0046] During operation, exhaust gas can be guided through this orifice to the catalyst element and the main outlet pipe.
[0047] Preferably, the orifice is arranged near one of the longitudinal ends of the longitudinally elongated exhaust manifold, preferably opposite the longitudinal ends where the main outlet pipe and bypass outlet pipe are located. Exhaust gas can flow from one longitudinal end to the opposite longitudinal end as it passes through the catalyst container.
[0048] In this application, "near the longitudinal end" means that the distance to the longitudinal end is less than the distance between the longitudinal end and the entrance arranged closest to the same longitudinal end.
[0049] Since all units can be connected in parallel and are vented in the same flow direction, no additional openings are needed in the separator.
[0050] The separator may be formed of a plate or sheet of metal that separates the internal volume of the exhaust manifold from the internal volume of the catalyst container. Alternatively, the exhaust manifold and the catalyst container may each include a wall that together constitutes the separator.
[0051] Bypass outlet valves, preferably butterfly valves, can be installed in the bypass outlet pipe.
[0052] The main outlet valve, preferably a butterfly valve, can be installed in the main outlet pipe.
[0053] Valves installed in the pipes provide reliable shut-off and opening. They prevent exhaust leakage, especially leakage from bypass exhaust.
[0054] The main outlet pipe and the bypass outlet pipe can be merged into the exhaust line, preferably downstream of the bypass outlet valve and / or downstream of the main outlet valve. The main outlet pipe can be fluidly connected to the turbocharger or is fluidly connected to it.
[0055] Although these units are arranged in parallel for functional purposes, geometrically they can be arranged one after another.
[0056] At least a first unit can be arranged closer to the first sidewall of the catalyst container than to the opposite sidewall of the catalyst container, and a first unit bypass passage can be arranged between the first unit and the opposite sidewall. At least a second unit can be arranged closer to the opposite sidewall than to the first sidewall, and a second unit bypass passage can be arranged between the second unit and the first sidewall. When a first portion of the exhaust gas passes through the first unit, a second portion is guided through the first unit bypass passage before entering the second unit. When the first portion leaves the first unit, it is guided through the second unit bypass passage.
[0057] Alternatively, at least the first unit may be arranged closer to the top wall of the catalyst container than the bottom wall, and the bypass passage of the first unit may be arranged between the first unit and the bottom wall, while at least the second unit may be arranged closer to the bottom wall than the top wall, and the bypass passage of the second unit may be arranged between the second unit and the top wall.
[0058] Alternatively, a concentric arrangement is possible, in which the bypass passage of the first unit is located within the first unit, and the bypass passage of the second unit is located around the second unit, and vice versa.
[0059] At least one unit of the catalyst element can be arranged in a frame to form a catalyst module. The catalyst module can be inserted into or removed from the catalyst container as a whole, which facilitates operation during maintenance and catalyst element replacement.
[0060] The exhaust treatment device may include multiple catalyst modules, which may be arranged in series.
[0061] The exhaust gas treatment device may include at least one catalyst module, wherein a first unit and a second unit of catalyst elements are arranged in a common frame. The first and second units of this catalyst module are arranged in the frame such that they can be connected in parallel and flowed by exhaust gas in the same direction. The first and second units are arranged in the catalyst module such that they do not completely overlap in the flow direction.
[0062] The frame can provide space for the first and second units, as well as the first unit bypass and the second unit bypass.
[0063] The first unit can be arranged closer to the first sidewall defined by the frame than to the opposite sidewall defined by the frame, and a bypass passage for the first unit can be arranged between the first unit and the opposite sidewall. The second unit can be arranged closer to the opposite sidewall than to the first sidewall, and a bypass passage for the second unit can be arranged between the second unit and the first sidewall. The first sidewall can be the left or right sidewall, or the top or bottom sidewall. Alternatively, the first and second units can be arranged concentrically within the frame.
[0064] The catalyst module can be assembled outside the catalyst container. This simplifies maintenance and repair operations.
[0065] The exhaust treatment device may include multiple units arranged in pairs, with first and second units, within their respective frames to form multiple corresponding catalyst modules. These modules may be arranged in series.
[0066] The individual catalyst modules can be supported by each other within the catalyst container.
[0067] The catalyst container may include a housing having supports for guiding and supporting at least one catalyst module. The frame of the at least one catalyst module may include complementary profiles for engaging with the supports.
[0068] Preferably, all catalyst modules are guided and supported by the profile of the catalyst container.
[0069] Preferably, the support includes at least one track and / or at least one retaining rib. The at least one track may extend in the longitudinal direction.
[0070] The catalyst module can move along at least one track in the longitudinal direction until it reaches the desired position.
[0071] At this location, the catalyst module can be secured to the retaining rib.
[0072] The frame may include seals to seal adjacent catalyst modules and / or seal the housing of the catalyst container.
[0073] Alternatively or additionally, the seal may be mounted on the support.
[0074] The catalyst container may include a closable opening for inserting and removing the catalyst module. In particular, the closable opening is located at a second longitudinal end opposite to the first longitudinal end, with the main outlet pipe and / or bypass outlet pipe located at the first longitudinal end.
[0075] Catalyst containers may include shut-off elements, such as baffles, doors, or simple lids, to close shut-off openings.
[0076] Since the turbocharger can be positioned close to the first longitudinal end, the second longitudinal end provides sufficient space for the insertion and removal of the catalyst module.
[0077] The catalyst container may include a mounting frame for securing the catalyst module within the catalyst container.
[0078] The mounting frame preferably comprises a complementary profile to the support member of the catalyst container.
[0079] Multiple catalyst modules can be arranged in series. Each catalyst module can be secured with a mounting frame. Alternatively, a series of catalyst modules can be placed side by side, with only the last catalyst module secured to the catalyst container via a mounting frame, thereby securing the entire series.
[0080] The mounting frame may include holes for receiving fixing elements, preferably screws, for connecting to the catalyst container, such as retaining ribs, and / or to the catalyst module.
[0081] The mounting frame may include seals, particularly metal mesh seals, which secure the mounting frame to the catalyst container when it is fixed in place. Gaskets may be arranged between the catalyst modules.
[0082] The catalyst container may include a stop element that is mounted or mountable to a support, the stop element including a stop surface for contacting one of the frames. The stop element preferably has a complementary profile relative to the support of the catalyst container.
[0083] The stop element preferably includes a hole for receiving a fixing element, preferably a screw, for connection to the catalyst container.
[0084] The catalyst container may include at least one catalyst module, wherein a first unit and a second unit of the catalyst element are arranged in a common frame, particularly in parallel arrangement as described above, wherein the catalyst container includes at least one additional unit of the catalyst element, the additional unit being arranged downstream of the at least one catalyst module and configured such that the additional unit cannot be bypassed.
[0085] The exhaust treatment device advantageously includes a connecting pipe, particularly disposed outside the exhaust manifold and / or catalyst container, and a mixing pipe, particularly disposed at least partially inside the exhaust manifold. The exhaust manifold can then be fluidly connected to the catalyst container via the connecting pipe.
[0086] The connecting pipe can also be fluidly connected or fluidly accessible to a mixing pipe that at least partially protrudes into the exhaust manifold.
[0087] During operation, exhaust gas can be guided through the mixing pipe and connecting pipe to the catalyst element and main outlet pipe. An orifice is not required.
[0088] The mixing tube may include an inlet for introducing a reducing agent such as urea, and its length may be set to provide proper mixing of the reducing agent and the exhaust gas. An active or passive mixing device may be arranged inside the mixing tube.
[0089] According to a second aspect of the invention, the technical problem is solved by an internal combustion engine. According to the invention, the internal combustion engine comprises at least two cylinders, particularly up to eight cylinders, advantageously up to six cylinders, and at least one exhaust treatment device as described above.
[0090] The internal combustion engine may include a turbocharger that is fluidly or potentially fluidly connected to a bypass outlet pipe and / or a main outlet pipe. The turbocharger may be fluidly or potentially fluidly connected to an exhaust line that is itself fluidly or potentially fluidly connected to the bypass outlet pipe and / or the main outlet pipe.
[0091] Specifically, the turbocharger is positioned at the first longitudinal end of the exhaust treatment unit, where a bypass outlet pipe and / or a main outlet pipe can be connected to the exhaust treatment unit.
[0092] According to a third aspect of the invention, this technical problem is solved by a catalyst module for insertion into the housing of the exhaust treatment device as described above.
[0093] According to the present invention, the catalyst module includes a frame, at least a first unit of catalyst elements, and at least a second unit of catalyst elements. The first unit and the second unit are arranged such that the first unit and the second unit can be connected in parallel and flowed by exhaust gas in the same flow direction. The first unit and the second unit are arranged in the catalyst module such that they do not completely overlap in the flow direction.
[0094] The first and second units preferably comprise catalyst elements arranged in series and / or in parallel as described above.
[0095] These units are preferably arranged in the catalyst module as described above.
[0096] The catalyst module is preferably the catalyst module as described above, and in particular includes a frame having a complementary profile to the support of the shell of the catalyst container. Attached Figure Description
[0097] Other advantageous aspects of the invention will be explained below with reference to exemplary embodiments and the accompanying drawings. Functionally equivalent elements are provided with the same reference numerals. In the drawings, in an illustrative manner:
[0098] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a first example of an exhaust aftertreatment device is shown in a side view;
[0099] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a second example of an exhaust aftertreatment device is shown in a side view;
[0100] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a third example of an exhaust aftertreatment device is shown in perspective.
[0101] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a third example of an exhaust aftertreatment device is shown in top view;
[0102] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of a fourth example of an exhaust aftertreatment device is shown in top view;
[0103] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of a second example of an exhaust aftertreatment device is shown in top view;
[0104] Figure 7 The fifth example of the exhaust aftertreatment device is shown in perspective view;
[0105] Figure 8 The fifth example of the exhaust aftertreatment device is shown in perspective view;
[0106] Figure 9 The fifth example of the exhaust aftertreatment device is shown in perspective view;
[0107] Figure 10 The fifth example of the exhaust aftertreatment device is shown in perspective view;
[0108] Figure 11 The fifth example of the exhaust aftertreatment device is shown in perspective view;
[0109] Figure 12 A schematic diagram of a sixth example of an exhaust aftertreatment device is shown in a side view. Detailed Implementation
[0110] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a first example of an exhaust aftertreatment device 100 is shown in a side view.
[0111] The exhaust aftertreatment device 100 includes a longitudinally elongated exhaust manifold 10 extending along the longitudinal direction L and has five inlets 11 for exhaust from cylinders (not shown).
[0112] The exhaust aftertreatment device 100 further includes a catalyst container 20, which contains four catalyst modules 40 (see Figure 5 The catalyst module has catalyst units 23 and 24, and each catalyst unit has a catalyst element 21.
[0113] During use, all catalyst modules 40 are flowed through in the same direction.
[0114] The exhaust manifold 10 is fluidly connected to the catalyst container 20 to allow exhaust gas to flow from the exhaust manifold 10 through the catalyst element 21 in the catalyst module 40 during operation.
[0115] The exhaust manifold 10 and the catalyst container 20 are arranged adjacent to each other and demarcated from each other by a separator 30. The exhaust manifold 10 is fluidly connected to the catalyst container 20 via an orifice 31 provided in at least one separator 30. The orifice 31 can be opened and closed by an orifice valve 34.
[0116] The exhaust aftertreatment device 100 includes a main outlet pipe 2 disposed at a first longitudinal end 5 of the exhaust aftertreatment device 100, which is fluidly connected or may be fluidly connected to the catalyst container 20. The exhaust aftertreatment device 100 also includes a bypass outlet pipe 32, which is also disposed at the first longitudinal end 5 of the exhaust aftertreatment device 100 and is fluidly connected or may be fluidly connected to the longitudinally elongated exhaust manifold 10.
[0117] The bypass outlet valve 33 is located in the bypass outlet pipe 32. The main outlet valve 6 is located in the main outlet pipe 2. These valves may be, for example, butterfly valves.
[0118] When orifice valve 34 and main outlet valve 6 are open, exhaust gas can flow into catalyst container 20 through orifice 31 and pass through catalyst module 40. The exhaust gas leaves catalyst container 20 via main outlet pipe 2.
[0119] When the bypass outlet valve 33 is open, exhaust gas can leave the exhaust manifold 10 through the bypass outlet pipe 32. When the orifice valve 34 is closed at the same time, all exhaust gas is guided through the bypass outlet pipe 32.
[0120] Valves 33, 34 and 6 can be control valves, allowing the opening degree to be set and the percentage of exhaust gas passing through orifice 31 and bypass pipe 32 to be controlled by a control unit.
[0121] The exhaust aftertreatment device 100 may include a control unit (not shown) for setting valves 33, 34 and 6.
[0122] Downstream of the bypass outlet valve 33 and the main outlet valve 6, the bypass outlet pipe 32 and the main outlet pipe merge into the exhaust pipe 7.
[0123] At the second lateral end 8, the catalyst container 20 includes a closable opening 28 for inserting and removing catalyst modules 40 guided on tracks 22.1 within the catalyst container 20 (see...). Figure 7The opening can be closed using a closing element 52, such as a sealing cap or a hinged door.
[0124] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a second example of an exhaust aftertreatment device 100 is shown in a side view.
[0125] The exhaust manifold 10 includes an inlet 11 for receiving exhaust gas and is connected to the catalyst container 20 via an orifice 31 provided in the separator 30 so as to guide exhaust gas from the exhaust manifold 10 through the catalyst element 21 to the collector section 22 during operation.
[0126] Catalyst element 21 is arranged in two units 23 and 24, which can be connected in parallel and are flowed by exhaust gas in the same flow direction F. Exhaust gas entering catalyst container 20 through orifice 31 passes through one of the two units 23 and 24.
[0127] In this example, within a unit 23, 24, multiple catalyst elements 21 are arranged in series along the flow direction F. Alternatively or additionally, these catalyst elements 21 may be arranged in parallel.
[0128] Figure 3 The details of a third example of the exhaust aftertreatment device 100 are shown in perspective.
[0129] The first unit 23 is arranged closer to the first sidewall 25 of the catalyst container 20 than to the opposite sidewall 26.
[0130] A bypass passage 27 for the first unit is arranged between the first unit 23 and the opposite side wall 26.
[0131] The exhaust gas flowing in the flow direction F either enters the first unit 23 or the first unit bypass channel 27.
[0132] Figure 4 The details of a third example of the exhaust aftertreatment device 100 are shown in a top view. The second unit 24 is arranged closer to the opposite sidewall 26 of the catalyst container 20 than to the first sidewall 25, and a second unit bypass passage 29 is arranged between the second unit 24 and the first sidewall 25.
[0133] The exhaust gas leaving the first unit bypass passage 27 is guided to the second unit 24 and has already entered the second unit bypass passage 29 through the exhaust gas of the first unit 23.
[0134] Unit bypass channels 27 and 29 allow for the parallel arrangement of units 23 and 24, while units 23 and 24 are geometrically arranged in series.
[0135] Although catalyst units 23 and 24 are geometrically arranged in series, i.e., one after another, they are functionally arranged in parallel. Therefore, compared with the series functional arrangement, there is only a small pressure drop along the flow direction.
[0136] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of a fourth example of the exhaust aftertreatment device 100 is shown in top view and cross-sectional view along planes AA, BB and CC.
[0137] In this example, the catalyst container 20 includes three catalyst modules 40 arranged in series, each of which contains two catalyst units 23, 24 arranged in functional parallel and corresponding first and second unit bypass channels 27, 29.
[0138] Within each catalyst module 40, catalyst elements 21 are arranged in a pair of units 23, 24. Units 23, 24 may be connected in parallel and are flowed by exhaust gas in the same flow direction F. Units 23, 24 are arranged such that they do not overlap in the flow direction F.
[0139] Units 23 and 24 arranged in catalyst module 40 include six catalyst elements 21 arranged in parallel in function.
[0140] Downstream of the three catalyst modules 40, an additional catalyst unit 51 is arranged, which contains catalyst elements 21 arranged in parallel, and the exhaust gas entering the catalyst container 20 through the orifice 31 cannot bypass the additional catalyst unit 51.
[0141] Figure 6 A schematic diagram showing details of an example of combustion engine 1 in a top view.
[0142] The catalyst container includes two catalyst units 23, 24 arranged in functional parallel. In this example, each catalyst unit 23, 24 contains a catalyst element 21 arranged in series.
[0143] In this example, the main outlet pipe 2 is arranged in the side wall 25 of the catalyst container 20. The main outlet pipe 2 and the bypass outlet pipe 32 merge into the exhaust line 7, which is fluidly connected to the turbocharger 3 located adjacent to the side wall 25 of the catalyst container 20.
[0144] Alternatively, the turbocharger 3 can be positioned side-by-side with the first longitudinal end 5 of the catalyst container 20.
[0145] Figure 7 The details of a fifth example of an exhaust aftertreatment device 100 are shown in perspective.
[0146] The catalyst container 20 includes a support 22 with a track 22.1 for guiding the catalyst module 40.
[0147] Each catalyst module 40 includes a frame 41 and catalyst elements 21 arranged in units 23, 24 (see above figure).
[0148] The frame 41 has a profile that is complementary to the support 22 of the catalyst container 20. The frame 41 can be guided along the track 22.1.
[0149] The frame 41 can be fixed to the profile 22 of the catalyst container 20 by means of the mounting frame 43.
[0150] Figure 8 The details of a fifth example of an exhaust aftertreatment device 100 are shown in perspective.
[0151] Mounting frame 43 is secured to catalyst container 20 with screws 46.
[0152] Figure 9 The details of a fifth example of an exhaust aftertreatment device 100 are shown in perspective.
[0153] Mounting frame 43 includes a complementary profile 44 relative to support member 22 of catalyst container 20.
[0154] Mounting frame 43 includes a hole 45 for receiving a fixing element 46 for connecting the fixing element to the retaining rib 22.2 of catalyst container 20 and the frame 41 of catalyst module 40.
[0155] Figure 10 The details of a fifth example of an exhaust aftertreatment device 100 are shown in perspective.
[0156] Mounting frame 43 also includes seal 47.
[0157] Figure 11 The details of a fifth example of an exhaust aftertreatment device 100 are shown in perspective.
[0158] The catalyst container 20 (see above figure) includes a stop element 48 with a stop surface 49.
[0159] The stop element 48 is fixedly mounted to the track 22.1 of the catalyst container 20. The catalyst module 40 can be pushed along the track 22.1 until the catalyst module abuts against the stop surface 49.
[0160] The stop element specifies the precise position of the catalyst module 40 within the catalyst container 20 and ensures the predetermined distance between modules.
[0161] Figure 12 A schematic diagram of a sixth example of an exhaust aftertreatment device 100 is shown in a side view.
[0162] Instead of, for example Figure 1 The example of the exhaust treatment device 100, shown with orifice 31, includes a connecting pipe 53 for fluidly connecting the exhaust manifold 10 to the catalyst container 20.
[0163] Because the fluid connection via the connecting pipe 53 is located outside the exhaust manifold 10 and the catalyst container 20, more catalyst modules 40 can be placed in a catalyst container 20 of a given length. In principle, an internal connecting pipe 53 is also conceivable (not shown).
[0164] The connecting pipe 53 is fluidly connected or may be fluidly connected to the mixing pipe 54 protruding into the exhaust manifold 10.
[0165] The valve, not shown in the figure, can be located in the mixing pipe 54, the connecting pipe 53, or between the mixing pipe 54 and the connecting pipe 53. The function of this valve is similar to that of the orifice valve 34 in the example above (see, for example...). Figure 1 )same.
[0166] The mixing pipe 54 may include at least one inlet 55 for introducing a reducing agent such as urea. The reducing agent may be mixed with the exhaust gas within the mixing pipe 54 on its way to the catalyst units 23, 24 (particularly containing an SCR catalyst). The length of the mixing pipe 54 is set to provide sufficient mixing time.
Claims
1. An exhaust treatment device (100) for an internal combustion engine (1), said internal combustion engine having at least two cylinders, said internal combustion engine being a dual-fuel internal combustion engine, each cylinder having an inner diameter of at least 200 mm, The exhaust treatment device (100) includes - A longitudinal exhaust manifold (10) that extends in the longitudinal direction (L) and has at least one inlet (11) for exhaust from each cylinder. - Catalyst container (20), which contains at least two catalyst elements (21). in, The exhaust manifold (10) is fluidly connected or may be fluidly connected to the catalyst container (20) to allow exhaust gas to flow from the exhaust manifold (10) through the catalyst element (21) during operation. The catalyst element (21) is arranged in at least two units (23, 24) of the catalyst element (21), and these units are connected in parallel and are flowed by exhaust gas in the same flow direction (F). These units (23, 24) are arranged such that they do not completely overlap in the flow direction (F). Its features are, The exhaust treatment device (100) includes a main outlet pipe (2) which is fluidly connected to or can be fluidly connected to the catalyst container (20), and The exhaust treatment device (100) includes a bypass outlet pipe (32) which is fluidly connected or fluidly connected to a longitudinal exhaust manifold (10).
2. The exhaust treatment device (100) according to claim 1, wherein, At least one of the main outlet pipe (2) and the bypass outlet pipe (32) is arranged at the first longitudinal end (5) of the exhaust treatment device.
3. The exhaust treatment device (100) according to claim 1, wherein, The exhaust manifold (10) and the catalyst container (20) are arranged adjacent to each other and demarcated from each other by at least one partition (30), wherein the exhaust manifold (10) is fluidly connected to or can be fluidly connected to the catalyst container (20) via an orifice (31) provided in the at least one partition (30).
4. The exhaust treatment device (100) according to claim 1, wherein, A bypass outlet valve (33) is arranged in the bypass outlet pipe (32).
5. The exhaust treatment device (100) according to claim 1, wherein, A main outlet valve (6) is arranged in the main outlet pipe (2).
6. The exhaust treatment device (100) according to claim 1, wherein, The main outlet pipe (2) and the bypass outlet pipe (32) are merged into the exhaust pipe (7).
7. The exhaust treatment device (100) according to claim 6, wherein, The main outlet pipe (2) and the bypass outlet pipe (32) are merged downstream of at least one of the bypass outlet valve (33) and the main outlet valve (6).
8. The exhaust treatment device (100) according to claim 1, wherein, The unit (23, 24) includes catalyst elements (21) arranged in at least one of series and parallel configurations relative to the flow direction (F).
9. The exhaust treatment device (100) according to claim 1, wherein - At least the first unit (23) is arranged closer to the first sidewall (25) of the catalyst container (20) than the opposite sidewall (26) of the catalyst container (20), and the first unit bypass passage (27) is arranged between the first unit (23) and the opposite sidewall (26). and - At least the second unit (24) is arranged closer to the opposite sidewall (26) than to the first sidewall (25), and the second unit bypass passage (29) is arranged between the second unit (24) and the first sidewall (25).
10. The exhaust treatment apparatus (100) according to claim 1, wherein, At least one unit (23, 24) of the catalyst element (21) is arranged in the frame (41) to form a catalyst module (40).
11. The exhaust treatment apparatus (100) according to claim 10, wherein, The exhaust treatment device includes at least one catalyst module (40), wherein a first unit (23) and a second unit (24) of the catalyst element (21) are arranged in a common frame (41). The first unit (23) and the second unit (24) are arranged in the frame (41) such that the first unit and the second unit (23, 24) can be connected in parallel and vented in the same flow direction (F), and The first unit (23) and the second unit (24) are arranged in the catalyst module (40) such that the first unit and the second unit do not completely overlap in the flow direction (F).
12. The exhaust treatment apparatus (100) according to claim 10, wherein, The catalyst container (20) includes a housing having a support (22) for guiding and supporting at least one catalyst module (40), and wherein the frame (41) of the at least one catalyst module (40) includes a complementary profile (42) for engaging with the support (22).
13. The exhaust treatment apparatus (100) according to claim 12, wherein, The support member (22) includes at least one of the following: -At least one orbital (22.1) and -Stabilize the ribs.
14. The exhaust treatment apparatus (100) according to claim 10, wherein, The catalyst container (20) includes a closable opening (28) for inserting and removing the catalyst module (40).
15. The exhaust treatment apparatus (100) according to claim 14, wherein, A closable opening (28) is arranged at a second longitudinal end (8) opposite to the first longitudinal end (5).
16. The exhaust treatment apparatus (100) according to claim 1, wherein, The catalyst container (20) includes at least one catalyst module (40) having a first unit (23) and a second unit (24) of catalyst elements (21) arranged in a common frame (41), and The catalyst container (20) includes at least one additional unit (51) of the catalyst element (21), the at least one additional unit of the catalyst element being arranged downstream of the at least one catalyst module (40) and configured such that the additional unit (51) cannot be bypassed.
17. The exhaust treatment apparatus (100) according to claim 1, wherein, The exhaust manifold (10) is fluidly connected to the catalyst container (20) via a connecting pipe (53), or may be fluidly connected. The connecting pipe (53) is fluidly connected to or may be fluidly connected to the mixing pipe (54), which protrudes into the exhaust manifold (10) and includes an inlet (55) for introducing a reducing agent.
18. The exhaust treatment apparatus (100) according to claim 17, wherein, The connecting pipe (53) is arranged outside at least one of the exhaust manifold (10) and the catalyst container (20).
19. An internal combustion engine (1) comprising at least two cylinders and at least one exhaust treatment device (100) according to any of the preceding claims.
20. The internal combustion engine (1) according to claim 19, comprising a turbocharger (3) fluidly connected or fluidly connected to at least one of a bypass outlet pipe (32), a main outlet pipe (2), and an exhaust line (7).
21. A catalyst module (40) for insertion into the housing of an exhaust treatment device (100) according to claim 1, the catalyst module (40) comprising a frame (41), at least a first unit (23) of a catalyst element (21) and at least a second unit (24) of the catalyst element (21). in, The first unit (23) and the second unit (24) are arranged such that the first unit (23) and the second unit (24) can be exhausted in parallel and in the same flow direction (F), and The first unit and the second unit (23, 24) are arranged in the catalyst module (40) such that the first unit and the second unit do not completely overlap in the flow direction (F).