A new type of wind turbine generator set

Abstract

The embodiment of the application provides a novel wind turbine generator unit, comprising a tower drum, a nacelle assembly, a wind wheel, a generator and a composite yaw system arranged between the tower drum and the nacelle, wherein the composite yaw system comprises a yaw gear ring, a posture gear ring, a yaw driving motor and a posture adjusting motor; in an upwind working mode, the wind wheel is located on the upwind side of the tower drum, and the nacelle assembly is in an up-tilted posture; in a downwind working mode, the wind wheel is located on the downwind side of the tower drum, and the nacelle assembly is in a horizontal posture; the wind turbine generator unit of the embodiment of the application can switch different working modes, can take into account the wind energy utilization efficiency while avoiding the blade sweeping tower risk, and can improve the ability of safe operation of the unit.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of wind power generation technology, and in particular to a novel wind turbine generator set. Background Technology

[0002] With the continued growth in demand for clean energy, wind power, as a renewable and environmentally friendly power generation method, occupies an increasingly important position in the energy structure. Horizontal axis wind turbines are commonly used for wind power generation. Horizontal axis wind turbine units can include upwind and leeward types. Upwind turbine units are the mainstream, but require active yaw to meet wind conditions and have high clearance requirements; leeward turbine units can passively meet wind conditions but are easily affected by tower shadows. It is evident that current technology lacks units that can dynamically switch between the two modes based on wind conditions, making it difficult to achieve a balanced improvement in power generation efficiency and safe operation capabilities. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of the above problems, embodiments of the present invention are proposed to provide a novel wind turbine generator set that overcomes or at least partially solves the above problems.

[0004] To address the aforementioned problems, this invention discloses a novel wind turbine generator set, comprising: a tower, a nacelle assembly, a wind turbine, a generator, and a composite yaw system disposed between the tower and the nacelle. The composite yaw system includes a yaw gear ring, an attitude gear ring, a yaw drive motor, and an attitude adjustment motor. One end of the yaw gear ring is connected to the tower, and the other end is connected to the attitude gear ring, and it rotates relative to both the tower and the attitude gear ring. The yaw drive motor is fixed relative to the tower, and its output end meshes with the outer tooth surface of the yaw gear ring. The attitude adjustment motor is fixed relative to the yaw gear ring, and its output end meshes with the inner tooth surface of the attitude gear ring. The nacelle assembly is fixed to the upper end of the attitude gear ring. The yaw gear ring and the attitude gear ring have a mutually cooperating contact surface. The contact surface is set at an angle to the horizontal plane so that when the attitude gear ring rotates relative to the yaw gear ring, it drives the nacelle assembly to change its attitude in the pitch direction. In the upwind operating mode, the wind turbine is located on the upwind side of the nacelle assembly, and the nacelle assembly is in an upward tilting posture. In the downwind operating mode, the wind turbine is located on the downwind side of the nacelle assembly, and the nacelle assembly is in a horizontal position.

[0005] Optionally, the angle between the contact surface of the yaw gear ring and the attitude gear ring and the horizontal plane is 1° to 5°; in the upwind working mode, the angle between the upper end face of the attitude gear ring and the horizontal plane is greater than 0°; in the downwind working mode, the upper end face of the attitude gear ring is parallel to the horizontal plane.

[0006] Optionally, the composite yaw system has an active yaw function and a passive yaw function, wherein the passive yaw function is only used in the downwind working mode, and the active yaw function or the passive yaw function can be selected to be used in the downwind working mode.

[0007] Optionally, the wind turbine includes a hub, blades arranged around the hub, and a pitch system connected to the blades.

[0008] Optionally, the pitch angle range of the pitch system is -185° to 95°; in the upwind operating mode, with the direction facing the wind turbine as the reference, the wind turbine rotates clockwise, and the blade pitch angle is adjusted within the range of -5° to 95°; in the downwind operating mode, with the direction facing the wind turbine as the reference, the wind turbine rotates counterclockwise, and the blade pitch angle is adjusted within the range of -85° to -185°.

[0009] Optionally, it also includes a control system for controlling the wind turbine to switch between the upwind operating mode and the downwind operating mode based on wind speed, wind direction and turbulence intensity signals.

[0010] Optionally, the system also includes a gearbox disposed between the wind turbine and the generator. The gearbox has a steering switching function so that when the rotation direction of the wind turbine changes due to a change in the working mode, the rotation direction of the output end of the gearbox remains unchanged.

[0011] Optionally, it also includes a generator control unit, which is used to reduce or eliminate the impact of the change in rotation direction on the generator output by adjusting the phase sequence and controlling the excitation when the wind turbine rotation direction changes.

[0012] Optionally, the rear section of the cabin assembly has a streamlined shape.

[0013] Optionally, the control system controls the wind turbine to operate in the upwind mode when the wind condition is determined to be normal, and controls the wind turbine to operate in the downwind mode when the wind condition is determined to be extreme. The extreme wind condition includes at least one of extreme wind speed, extreme turbulence, and negative shear.

[0014] The embodiments of the present invention have the following advantages: This invention provides a wind turbine generator capable of switching between upwind and downwind directions, comprising a tower, nacelle assembly, wind turbine, generator, and a composite yaw system disposed between the tower and the nacelle. The wind turbine generator has upwind and downwind operating modes. The composite yaw system includes a yaw gear ring, an attitude gear ring, a yaw drive motor, and an attitude adjustment motor. One end of the yaw gear ring is connected to the tower, and the other end is connected to the attitude gear ring, rotating relative to both the tower and the attitude gear ring. The yaw drive motor is fixed relative to the tower, and its output end meshes with the outer tooth surface of the yaw gear ring. The attitude adjustment motor… The attitude adjustment motor output end is fixed relative to the yaw gear ring, and meshes with the inner tooth surface of the attitude gear ring; the nacelle assembly is fixed to the upper end of the attitude gear ring, and the yaw gear ring and the attitude gear ring have mutually cooperating contact surfaces, which are set at an angle to the horizontal plane, so that when the attitude gear ring rotates relative to the yaw gear ring, it drives the nacelle assembly to change its attitude in the pitch direction; in the upwind working mode, the wind turbine is located on the upwind side of the nacelle assembly, and the nacelle assembly is in an upward pitch attitude; in the downwind working mode, the wind turbine is located on the downwind side of the nacelle assembly, and the nacelle assembly is in a horizontal attitude. By controlling the relative position between the rotor and the nacelle assembly, as well as the pitch attitude of the nacelle assembly, in both upwind and leeward operating modes using a composite yaw system, the wind turbine can switch between these modes. In upwind mode, the rotor is located upwind of the nacelle assembly, which is in an upward-tilted position. This allows the rotor to maintain optimal inflow, resulting in greater tip clearance, mitigating the risk of blade swirl, and improving the turbine's safe operation, aerodynamic efficiency, and power generation. In leeward mode, the rotor is located downwind of the nacelle assembly, which is in a horizontal position. Blade flapping deformation is positively correlated with tip clearance, eliminating the risk of blade swirl. The composite yaw system effectively balances the turbine's power generation efficiency and safe operation. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a novel wind turbine generator set according to the present invention; Figure 2 This is a partial cross-sectional view of an embodiment of a novel wind turbine generator set according to the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the attitude of a novel wind turbine generator set embodiment of the present invention in the upwind working mode; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the attitude of a novel wind turbine generator set embodiment of the present invention in downwind working mode.

[0016] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 100-Tower, 200-Wind rotor, 210-Nacelle assembly, 221-Hub, 222-Blade, 230-Main shaft, 240-Gearbox, 250-Generator, 300-Composite yaw system, 311-Yaw gear ring, 312-Yaw drive motor, 321-Attitude gear ring, 322-Attitude adjustment motor. Detailed Implementation

[0017] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0018] Against the backdrop of continuously growing energy demand and increasingly stringent environmental protection requirements, wind power, as an environmentally friendly, clean, and renewable energy source, is playing an increasingly crucial role. After years of development, wind power technology has made significant progress, with the single-unit capacity of wind turbines continuously increasing, power generation efficiency gradually improving, costs steadily decreasing, and its share in the energy structure steadily rising. However, with the continuous expansion of application scenarios and further increases in power generation performance requirements, existing wind turbine technologies still face many problems that urgently need to be solved. Horizontal axis wind turbines are currently the mainstream model in the wind power field. Based on the position of the rotor relative to the tower, they can be divided into upwind and downwind wind turbines. Each has its unique working principle and characteristics, but both also have significant technical shortcomings.

[0019] For upwind wind turbines, the rotor is located upwind of the tower, meaning the wind passes through the rotor before reaching the tower. This design allows the rotor to capture wind energy more directly, resulting in relatively stable airflow during normal operation. However, upwind wind turbines must ensure sufficient tip-to-tower clearance to prevent blades from colliding with the tower during operation, known as tower swirl. A tower swirl incident can cause severe damage to both the blades and the tower, potentially leading to a safety hazard and prolonged downtime for maintenance. To ensure sufficient safety clearance, it is usually necessary to increase the blade length or the tower diameter, placing higher demands on the overall design and layout of the turbine.

[0020] For downwind wind turbines, the rotor is located downwind of the tower, with the wind passing through the tower before reaching the rotor. This structure can utilize the tower's guiding effect on airflow to some extent. However, a significant problem with downwind turbines is that the rotor always operates within the tower's shadow. The presence of the tower interferes with airflow, creating a tower wake and causing turbulence around the rotor. This turbulence generates periodic aerodynamic loads, subjecting critical components such as the turbine blades and transmission system to uneven stress, accelerating fatigue damage and significantly reducing the turbine's fatigue life. Furthermore, turbulence causes power fluctuations, resulting in unstable output power. Power fluctuations not only affect the quality and stability of the power grid but can also damage the wind turbine's electrical equipment and control systems.

[0021] While upwind and downwind wind turbines each have their own applicable scenarios in their design and application, currently no wind turbine can dynamically switch between these two modes based on actual wind conditions. In real-world wind power environments, wind conditions are complex, variable, and uncertain, and different wind conditions place different demands on the operation of wind turbines. For example, upwind turbines may be more advantageous when wind conditions are relatively stable and wind direction changes frequently; while downwind turbines may be better suited to complex, turbulent, and relatively stable wind conditions. However, existing technologies cannot automatically adjust the turbine's operating mode according to different wind conditions, thus limiting the performance optimization of wind turbines in different environments and making it difficult to achieve a balanced improvement in power generation efficiency and safe operation. Therefore, embodiments of the present invention are proposed to at least address some of the above-mentioned problems.

[0022] Reference Figure 1 This diagram illustrates a structural schematic of an embodiment of a wind turbine generator set with switchable upwind and downwind directions according to the present invention. Specifically, the wind turbine generator set may include a tower 100, a nacelle assembly 210, a rotor 200, a generator 250, and a composite yaw system 300 disposed between the tower 100 and the nacelle assembly 210. The nacelle assembly 210 is located at the top of the tower 100, the rotor 200 is located at the front end of the nacelle assembly 210, the generator 250 is connected to the rotor 200 via a transmission, and the composite yaw system 300 is disposed between the tower 100 and the nacelle.

[0023] The tower 100 is the supporting structure of the wind turbine and can be composed of multiple sections connected by flanges. The tower 100 can be a steel conical tower 100, a truss tower 100, or a concrete tower 100. The wind turbine 200 converts wind energy into mechanical energy. When wind blows across the wind turbine 200, aerodynamic forces are generated on the surface of the blades 222, causing the wind turbine 200 to rotate, thus converting wind energy into mechanical energy. Subsequently, the mechanical energy is converted into electrical energy by equipment such as the generator 250 before being output. The rotational speed and torque range of the wind turbine 200 depend on factors such as wind speed, the shape and size of the wind turbine 200, etc., and are not limited in this embodiment. The wind turbine 200 is a horizontal axis wind turbine, and the number of blades 222 of the wind turbine 200 includes, but is not limited to, double-blade 222, triple-blade 222, and multi-blade 222 wind turbines.

[0024] Wind turbines have upwind and leeward operating modes, and can switch between these modes based on wind conditions such as wind speed, wind direction, and turbulence intensity. The basic objective is to maintain higher aerodynamic efficiency in upwind mode under normal wind conditions, and switch to leeward mode under extreme wind conditions to reduce the risk of blade 222 (blade 222) sweeping the tower and improve the safety of turbine operation.

[0025] In an optional embodiment of the present invention, the wind turbine 200 includes a hub 221 and two or three blades 222, the blades 222 being arranged around the hub 221 and connected to a pitch system. The pitch angle range of the pitch system is -185° to 95°, and its angle is defined based on the angle between the chord length of the blades 222 and the plane of the wind turbine 200.

[0026] The angle between the chord length of blade 222 and the plane of rotor 200 can be defined as a 0° reference. The pitch system's pitch angle range for blade 222 is -185° to 95°. Different ranges can be set in different operating modes to achieve optimal wind volume input. Furthermore, within a corresponding operating mode, the pitch angle can be varied according to wind conditions. For example, at low wind speeds, a smaller pitch angle allows blade 222 to better capture wind energy, increasing lift and providing rotor 200 with greater torque, thereby increasing the output power of generator 250. As wind speed increases, if the pitch angle remains constant, rotor 200 will absorb too much wind energy, causing generator 250's output power to exceed its rated value, potentially damaging generator 250 and other electrical equipment. In this case, increasing the pitch angle reduces the lift of blade 222, lowering rotor 200's wind energy capture efficiency and keeping generator 250's output power within its rated range. Moreover, in extreme weather conditions such as strong winds, excessive wind speeds can cause serious damage to wind turbine 250. By increasing the pitch angle, blade 222 is placed in a feathered position. At this point, the lift of blade 222 is almost zero, and the drag is minimized, reducing the wind force on the rotor 200. In upwind operation mode, looking towards the rotor 200, as it rotates clockwise, the pitch system can control the blade 222 pitch angle between -5° and 95° for normal power adjustment. 0° represents the optimal aerodynamic angle of attack (fully open pitch), and 90° represents the feathered, fully closed pitch. In downwind operation mode, looking towards the rotor 200, as it rotates counterclockwise, the pitch system can control the blade 222 pitch angle between -85° and -185°. -180° is equivalent to 0° angle of attack (fully open pitch), and -90° is equivalent to 90° feathering (fully closed pitch). Through the coordination of the aforementioned wide-range pitch control and the counter-rotation of the rotor 200, the same set of blades 222 can form effective inflow conditions in both operating modes. The blade pitch angle refers to the angle between the chord line of the blade 222 and the plane of rotation of the rotor 200. A straight line drawn with the leading and trailing edges of the blade 222 airfoil as endpoints represents the chord line of the blade 222. The plane of rotation of the rotor 200 is the plane containing the circumference formed by the endpoints of the blades 222 when the rotor 200 rotates. The pitch angle is the angle formed between the chord line and the plane of rotation of the rotor 200. The pitch system can be an electronically controlled system, where the blades 222 are driven to rotate around their axis via a hydraulic system or electromechanical device, thereby adjusting the pitch angle. It can consist of an electric actuator, a controller, and sensors. The sensors monitor parameters such as wind speed, generator 250 speed, and power in real time and feed this information back to the controller. The controller calculates the required pitch angle according to the preset control strategy and sends a control signal to the electric actuator. The electric actuator drives the blade 222 to rotate, thereby achieving precise adjustment of the pitch angle.

[0027] You can refer to Figure 2 The composite yaw system 300 includes a yaw gear ring 311, an attitude gear ring 321, a yaw drive motor 312, and an attitude adjustment motor 322. One end of the yaw gear ring 311 is connected to the top of the tower 100, and the other end is connected to the attitude gear ring 321, and it can rotate relative to the tower 100 and the attitude gear ring 321. The yaw drive motor 312 is fixed relative to the tower 100, and its output end meshes with the outer tooth surface of the yaw gear ring 311 to drive the yaw gear ring 311 to rotate relative to the tower 100, thereby achieving yaw of the nacelle in the horizontal plane. The attitude adjustment motor 322 is fixed relative to the yaw gear ring 311, and its output end meshes with the inner tooth surface of the attitude gear ring 321 to drive the attitude gear ring 321 to rotate relative to the yaw gear ring 311. The nacelle assembly 210 is fixed to the upper end of the attitude gear ring 321. The yaw gear ring 311 and the attitude gear ring 321 have mutually engaging contact surfaces, which are set at an angle to the horizontal plane. This angle is preferably 1° to 5°. Driven by the yaw drive motor 312, the yaw gear ring 311 rotates horizontally relative to the tower 100, achieving yaw in the horizontal plane. Furthermore, because the contact surface is inclined, when the attitude gear ring 321 rotates relative to the yaw gear ring 311, it causes the entire nacelle assembly 210 to pitch. That is, in the upwind operating mode, the attitude adjustment motor 322 actuates, driving the attitude gear ring 321 to rotate, increasing the angle between the upper surface of the attitude gear ring 321 and the horizontal plane to above 0°. Because the rotor 200 mechanism is fixed to the nacelle assembly 210, the rotor 200 is pushed to an upward tilt, significantly increasing the clearance between the rotor blades 222 and the tower 100, thus preventing blade tip swirl. In downwind operation mode, the attitude adjustment motor 322 actuates, driving the attitude gear ring 321 to rotate, making the angle between the upper end face of the attitude gear ring 321 and the horizontal plane 0°, i.e., the upper end face of the attitude gear ring 321 is parallel to the horizontal plane. Since the rotor 200 mechanism is fixed to the nacelle assembly 210, the rotor 200 is pushed to a horizontal position. The plane of the rotor 200 is perpendicular to the horizontal plane, thereby maximizing the swept area of ​​the rotor 200.

[0028] The composite yaw system 300 can simultaneously possess both active and passive yaw functions. The active yaw function can be used in upwind operation mode, and can also serve as an auxiliary wind alignment method in leeward operation mode. The passive yaw function is only used in leeward operation mode, that is, in leeward operation mode, the wind turbine can automatically align itself with the wind direction due to the incoming airflow, provided that the control system allows it.

[0029] In the embodiment of the present invention, in the upwind working mode, the wind turbine 200 is located on the upwind side of the nacelle assembly 210, and the nacelle assembly 210 is in an upward tilted position; in the downwind working mode, the wind turbine 200 is located on the downwind side of the nacelle assembly 210, and the nacelle assembly 210 is in a horizontal position.

[0030] In summary, the wind farm control system of the wind turbine can continuously monitor signals such as wind speed, wind direction, and turbulence intensity. Under normal turbulent wind conditions, which can be determined as conventional operating wind conditions, it is necessary to control the wind turbine 250 to operate in the upwind mode. First, the compound yaw system 300 can control the wind rotor 200 to rotate horizontally to the upwind horizontal position, placing the wind rotor 200 on the upwind side of the tower 100, and controlling the wind rotor 200 to align with the wind direction. At the same time, the compound yaw system 300 can control the nacelle assembly 210 to rotate, causing the wind rotor 200 to rotate in the pitch direction to an upward tilt attitude. Under the influence of the incoming airflow, the wind rotor 200 rotates clockwise at the angle facing the wind turbine 200, driving the generator 250 to generate electricity.

[0031] In situations such as extreme wind speeds, extreme turbulence, and negative shear, which can be identified as extreme operating wind conditions, it is necessary to control the wind turbine to operate in a leeward mode. First, the composite yaw system 300 can control the wind turbine 200 to rotate clockwise or counterclockwise to a leeward position, with a yaw angle typically around 180° (relative to the upwind operating mode), and control the wind turbine 200 to align with the wind direction. Simultaneously, the composite yaw system 300 can control the nacelle assembly 210 to rotate, causing the wind turbine 200 to rotate in the pitch direction to a horizontal attitude. Under the influence of the incoming airflow, the wind turbine 200 rotates counterclockwise relative to the angle facing it, driving the generator 250 to generate electricity.

[0032] Regarding the transmission chain, embodiments of the present invention may have at least two implementation paths.

[0033] In a first optional embodiment of the invention, the unit is equipped with a gearbox 240, which has a direction-switching function. Thus, when the wind turbine 200 changes from clockwise to counterclockwise rotation, or vice versa, due to a change in operating mode, the rotation direction of the output end of the gearbox 240 remains unchanged to match the input requirements of the downstream generator 250. The gearbox 240 can be implemented using a clutch mechanism and / or a planetary gear mechanism. For example, the sun gear and ring gear of the planetary gear mechanism are both connected to the main shaft 230 as input ends, the ring gear is fixed, and the planet carrier is connected to the generator 250 as output. The power transmission path is adjusted by dynamically locking the sun gear, ring gear, or planet carrier using a clutch / brake. When the rotation direction of the main shaft 230 changes, the clutch of the planetary gear set is controlled to switch the locking state. For example, when the sun gear is locked, the main shaft 230230 inputs power through the ring gear, and the output direction of the planetary carrier is determined by the rotation direction of the ring gear; or when the ring gear is locked, the main shaft 230230 inputs power through the sun gear, and the output direction of the planetary carrier is consistent with that of the sun gear. The locking component is adjusted in real time via a clutch to ensure that the planetary carrier always rotates in the preset direction. Alternatively, the planetary carrier can be fixed, the sun gear connected to the main input, and the ring gear connected to the reverse input. When the sun gear rotates forward, the planetary gears rotate and drive the ring gear to rotate in the reverse direction; when the ring gear rotates forward, the planetary gears rotate and drive the sun gear to rotate in the reverse direction. By fixing the planetary carrier, the rotation directions of the sun gear and the ring gear are forced to be opposite, and the output direction is determined by the fixed connection component. After the planetary carrier is fixed, the rotation directions of the sun gear and the ring gear are always opposite, and the input end of the generator 250 is fixedly connected to the ring gear, so the output direction is always consistent with the input direction of the ring gear. (The steering switching function can be implemented using a clutch mechanism, a planetary gear mechanism, or other mechanical transmission mechanisms capable of achieving equivalent steering switching. The specific gear topology, locking component, and switching control method are not limited in this embodiment.) In a second optional embodiment of the present invention, the gearbox 240 does not undertake, or does not fully undertake, the steering switching function. Instead, the generator 250 control unit adapts the generator 250 output through phase sequence adjustment and excitation control when the wind turbine 200's steering direction changes, thereby reducing or eliminating the impact of the steering change on the generator 250 output. The specific model of the generator 250, its excitation method, and the grid-connected control hardware can be determined according to actual needs; this embodiment of the present invention does not impose any limitations.

[0034] The tail section of the nacelle preferably adopts a streamlined shape. This streamlined shape is mainly used to reduce the obstruction and interference of the nacelle body on the incoming airflow in downwind operation mode, reduce air resistance, and minimize the adverse aerodynamic effects of the nacelle wake on the rear rotor 200. The specific curvature, length, or cross-sectional parameters of the streamlined shape can be determined according to actual needs, and this embodiment of the invention does not impose any limitations.

[0035] The mode switching of this invention can be implemented as follows: The control system continuously monitors wind condition signals such as wind speed, wind direction, and turbulence intensity; when the wind condition is determined to be normal operating wind condition, the upwind mode switching procedure is executed: the yaw drive motor 312 aligns the nacelle with the wind, the attitude adjustment motor 322 tilts the nacelle upward, the blade 222 pitch angle is adjusted within the range of -5° to 95° according to the overall machine operating state, the wind turbine 200 rotates clockwise and drives the generator 250 to generate electricity; when the wind condition is determined to be extreme wind condition, the downwind mode switching procedure is executed: first, the pitch system feathers the blade 222 to the pitch-off position to stop the unit, then the attitude adjustment motor 322 returns the nacelle to level, then the yaw drive motor 312 turns the nacelle to the downwind position, then the blade 222 pitch angle is adjusted to the working range of -85° to -185°, the wind turbine 200 rotates counterclockwise and enters the downwind power generation mode; in this mode, the composite yaw system 300 can switch to passive yaw state. Among them, "normal operating wind conditions" and "extreme wind conditions" can be determined by the control system based on preset thresholds, and the size of the thresholds can be determined according to the actual situation.

[0036] In summary, the operation process of the wind turbine generator in this embodiment of the invention is described as follows: The wind farm control system of the wind turbine continuously monitors signals such as wind speed, wind direction, and turbulence intensity. When the wind condition is determined to be normal operating wind (such as normal turbulent wind), the upwind operating mode switching procedure is executed, which can switch to a different mode such as... Figure 3 The posture of the upwind working mode shown: (1) The yaw drive motor 312 operates, driving the yaw gear ring 311 to align the nacelle assembly 210 with the wind direction.

[0037] (2) The attitude adjustment motor 322 works to drive the attitude gear ring 321, causing the cabin to tilt up by a predetermined angle (e.g., 5°).

[0038] (3) The pitch angle of blade 222 is adjusted within the range of -5° to 95° according to the overall operating status of the machine.

[0039] (4) The wind turbine 200 rotates clockwise under the action of the incoming flow, driving the generator 250 to generate electricity.

[0040] When extreme wind conditions are detected (such as extreme wind speed, extreme turbulence, negative shear, etc.), execute the downwind working mode switching procedure, which can switch to, for example, Figure 4 The posture of the downwind working mode shown: (1) The pitch system feathers blade 222 to 90° (retracts the pitch), and the unit stops.

[0041] (2) The attitude adjustment motor 322 works in reverse to drive the cabin from the pitching state back to the horizontal state.

[0042] (3) The yaw drive motor 312 works, causing the nacelle assembly 210 to rotate clockwise or counterclockwise, driving the wind turbine 200 to the downwind position.

[0043] (4) The blade pitch angle is adjusted within the range of -85° to -185° according to the overall operating status of the machine.

[0044] (5) The wind turbine 200 rotates counterclockwise under the influence of the incoming flow, and the unit enters the downwind power generation mode. At this time, the yaw system can be set to passive yaw state.

[0045] This invention embodiment comprises a wind turbine generator set with switchable upwind and downwind directions, consisting of a tower 100, a nacelle assembly 210, a wind turbine 200, a generator 250, and a composite yaw system 300 disposed between the tower 100 and the nacelle. The wind turbine generator set has upwind and downwind operating modes. The composite yaw system 300 includes a yaw gear ring 311, an attitude gear ring 321, a yaw drive motor 312, and an attitude adjustment motor 322. One end of the yaw gear ring 311 is connected to the tower 100, and the other end is connected to the attitude gear ring 321, and it rotates relative to the tower 100 and the attitude gear ring 321. The yaw drive motor 312 is fixed relative to the tower 100, and its output end meshes with the outer tooth surface of the yaw gear ring 311. The attitude adjustment motor 322 is fixed relative to the yaw gear ring 311, and the output end of the attitude adjustment motor 322 meshes with the inner tooth surface of the attitude gear ring 321. The nacelle assembly 210 is fixed to the upper end of the attitude gear ring 321. The yaw gear ring 311 and the attitude gear ring 321 have mutually cooperating contact surfaces, and the contact surfaces are set at an angle to the horizontal plane, so that when the attitude gear ring 321 rotates relative to the yaw gear ring 311, it drives the nacelle assembly 210 to change its attitude in the pitch direction. In the upwind working mode, the wind turbine 200 is located on the upwind side of the nacelle assembly 210, and the nacelle assembly 210 is in an upward pitch attitude. In the downwind working mode, the wind turbine 200 is located on the downwind side of the nacelle assembly 210, and the nacelle assembly 210 is in a horizontal attitude. By controlling the relative position between the wind turbine 200 and the nacelle assembly 210, and the pitch attitude of the nacelle assembly 210, through the composite yaw system 300 in both upwind and leeward operating modes, the wind turbine generator 250 can switch between these modes. In upwind operating mode, the wind turbine 200 is located on the upwind side of the nacelle assembly 210, and the nacelle assembly 210 is in an upward-tilted attitude. This allows the wind turbine 200 to maintain optimal inflow, resulting in greater tip clearance, mitigating the risk of blade swirl, improving the unit's safe operation, aerodynamic efficiency, and power generation. In leeward operating mode, the wind turbine 200 is located on the leeward side of the nacelle assembly 210, and the nacelle assembly 210 is in a horizontal attitude. Blade flapping deformation is positively correlated with clearance, eliminating the risk of blade swirl. The combined yaw system 300 can be used to balance and improve the unit's power generation efficiency and safe operation.

[0046] It should be noted that, for the sake of simplicity, the method embodiments are all described as a series of actions. However, those skilled in the art should understand that the embodiments of the present invention are not limited to the described order of actions, because according to the embodiments of the present invention, some steps can be performed in other orders or simultaneously. Furthermore, those skilled in the art should also understand that the embodiments described in the specification are preferred embodiments, and the actions involved are not necessarily essential to the embodiments of the present invention.

[0047] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, with each embodiment focusing on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referred to each other.

[0048] The terms "first," "second," etc., are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as implying or suggesting relative importance or implicitly indicating the number or order of the indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this application, "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. As used in this application, the term "and / or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items, and the phrase "at least one of A and B" means only A, only B, or both A and B. It should be understood that in this specification, the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "height," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," and "circumferential" indicate the orientation or positional relationship or dimensions based on the orientation or positional relationship or dimensions shown in the accompanying drawings. The use of these terms is merely for ease of description and is not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation on the scope of protection of this invention.

[0049] Although preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, those skilled in the art, upon learning the basic inventive concept, can make other changes and modifications to these embodiments. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be interpreted as including the preferred embodiments as well as all changes and modifications falling within the scope of the embodiments of the present invention.

[0050] Finally, it should be noted that in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or terminal device that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or terminal device. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or terminal device that includes said element.

[0051] The present invention has provided a detailed description of a novel wind turbine generator. Specific examples have been used to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The descriptions of the above embodiments are only for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core ideas of the present invention. At the same time, those skilled in the art will recognize that there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope based on the ideas of the present invention. Therefore, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention.

Claims

1. A novel wind turbine generator set, comprising: The wind turbine generator set includes a tower, a nacelle assembly, a wind turbine, a generator, and a composite yaw system disposed between the tower and the nacelle, characterized in that the wind turbine has an upwind operating mode and a downwind operating mode. The composite yaw system includes a yaw gear ring, an attitude gear ring, a yaw drive motor, and an attitude adjustment motor. One end of the yaw gear ring is connected to the tower, and the other end is connected to the attitude gear ring, and it rotates relative to the tower and the attitude gear ring. The yaw drive motor is fixed relative to the tower, and its output end meshes with the outer tooth surface of the yaw gear ring. The attitude adjustment motor is fixed relative to the yaw gear ring, and its output end meshes with the inner tooth surface of the attitude gear ring. The nacelle assembly is fixed to the upper end of the attitude gear ring. The yaw gear ring and the attitude gear ring have a mutually cooperating contact surface. The contact surface is set at an angle to the horizontal plane so that when the attitude gear ring rotates relative to the yaw gear ring, it drives the nacelle assembly to change its attitude in the pitch direction. In the upwind operating mode, the wind turbine is located on the upwind side of the nacelle assembly, and the nacelle assembly is in an upward tilting posture. In the downwind operating mode, the wind turbine is located on the downwind side of the nacelle assembly, and the nacelle assembly is in a horizontal position.

2. The novel wind turbine generator set according to claim 1, characterized in that, The angle between the contact surface of the yaw gear ring and the attitude gear ring and the horizontal plane is 1° to 5°; in the upwind working mode, the angle between the upper end face of the attitude gear ring and the horizontal plane is greater than 0°; in the downwind working mode, the upper end face of the attitude gear ring is parallel to the horizontal plane.

3. The novel wind turbine generator set according to claim 1, characterized in that, The composite yaw system has active yaw function and passive yaw function. The passive yaw function is only used in the downwind working mode, and the active yaw function or the passive yaw function can be selected in the downwind working mode.

4. The novel wind turbine generator set according to claim 3, characterized in that, The wind turbine includes a hub, blades arranged around the hub, and a pitch system connected to the blades.

5. The novel wind turbine generator set according to claim 4, characterized in that, The pitch angle range of the pitch system is -185° to 95°; in the upwind working mode, with the direction facing the wind turbine as the reference, the wind turbine rotates clockwise, and the blade pitch angle is adjusted within the range of -5° to 95°. In the downwind operating mode, with the direction facing the wind turbine as the reference, the wind turbine rotates counterclockwise, and the blade pitch angle is adjusted within the range of -85° to -185°.

6. The novel wind turbine generator set according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a control system, which is used to control the wind turbine to switch between the upwind operating mode and the downwind operating mode based on wind speed, wind direction and turbulence intensity signals.

7. The novel wind turbine generator set according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, It also includes a gearbox disposed between the wind turbine and the generator. The gearbox has a steering switching function so that when the rotation direction of the wind turbine changes due to the switching of the working mode, the rotation direction of the output end of the gearbox remains unchanged.

8. The novel wind turbine generator set according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, It also includes a generator control unit, which is used to reduce or eliminate the impact of the change in direction on the generator output by adjusting the phase sequence and controlling the excitation when the wind turbine rotation direction changes.

9. The novel wind turbine generator set according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, The rear of the cabin assembly has a streamlined shape.

10. The novel wind turbine generator set according to claim 6, characterized in that, When the wind condition is determined to be normal operating wind condition, the control system controls the wind turbine to operate in the upwind direction mode. When the wind condition is determined to be extreme wind condition, the control system controls the wind turbine to operate in the downwind direction mode. The extreme wind condition includes at least one of extreme wind speed, extreme turbulence, and negative shear.

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