Heat pump assisted heat to magnetic phase transition superconducting inductor regulated energy storage amplification device

Abstract

This invention discloses a heat pump-assisted thermal-to-magnetic phase transition superconducting inductively controlled energy amplification device, relating to the fields of new energy power generation and superconducting magnetic energy storage technology. The device includes a low Curie temperature iron core, a superconducting coil, a heat pump temperature control module, a temperature control unit, a current pre-charge unit, and an energy output unit. The low Curie temperature iron core is nested within the superconducting coil, and the heat pump temperature control module covers the iron core, with the temperature precisely controlled by the temperature control unit. During operation, the current pre-charge unit first pre-charges the superconducting coil with an initial current, establishing initial electromagnetic energy storage with high inductance and constant magnetic flux. Then, the heat pump heats the core with low energy consumption, causing the iron core temperature to exceed the Curie temperature, resulting in a magnetic phase transition from ferromagnetism to paramagnetism, and a significant decrease in the inductance of the superconducting coil. Based on the principle of superconducting magnetic flux conservation, the coil current and magnetic energy storage are amplified synchronously, wherein the superconducting coil magnetic flux Φ satisfies a constant conservation relationship: Φ = L₁I₁ = L ₂I₂ (L₁ is the initial inductance, I₁ is the initial pre-charge current, L₂ is the reduced inductance after adjustment, and I₂ is the multiplied current), the electromagnetic energy storage of the coil satisfies the multiplication relationship: W₂=W₁×(L₁ / L₂) (W₁ is the initial electromagnetic energy storage, W₂ is the multiplied electromagnetic energy storage), and the device follows the law of conservation of energy throughout the entire process; it supplies power externally through the energy output unit; during reset, the heat pump cools the iron core to restore its magnetic properties, achieving cyclic operation. This invention utilizes the efficient temperature control of the heat pump to trigger magnetic phase change, combined with the conservation of superconducting magnetic flux to achieve controllable amplification of electrical energy. It has advantages such as precise temperature control, low energy consumption, high conversion efficiency, and stable operation, and can be used in scenarios such as distributed power generation, vehicle power supply, emergency energy storage, and self-powering of civilian equipment, providing a new technical solution for efficient and low-carbon energy supply.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the fields of new energy power generation, superconducting magnetic energy storage and electromagnetic energy conversion technology, specifically to a superconducting induction-controlled energy amplification device based on heat pump precise temperature control, magnetic phase change regulation and superconducting magnetic flux conservation. The device uses a heat pump to efficiently drive the magnetic phase change of the iron core, thereby achieving efficient conversion and amplification of magnetic energy output in the superconducting coil. It is suitable for scenarios such as distributed power generation, self-powered mobile devices, power supplies for transportation vehicles, and emergency energy storage power supply. Background Technology

[0002] The current global energy supply system is centered on fossil fuels and traditional renewable energy. Fossil fuels have many problems such as depleted reserves, environmental pollution, and greenhouse gas emissions, which are not in line with the development trend of green energy. Renewable energy sources such as wind and solar power are greatly affected by climate, region, and environmental factors, and have defects such as intermittent power supply, poor stability, low energy density, and high cost of energy storage, making it difficult to meet the continuous and stable energy supply demand.

[0003] In the field of electromagnetic energy storage and energy conversion, conventional inductor coils use ordinary conductive materials, resulting in significant Joule heat loss during operation and low energy storage and conversion efficiency. Superconducting magnetic energy storage technology relies on the zero-resistance characteristics of superconducting materials to solve the energy loss problem of traditional coils, and has the advantages of high energy storage density and fast charging and discharging. However, existing superconducting magnetic energy storage devices can only realize the storage, transfer and release of electrical energy, and cannot achieve efficient amplification of electrical energy through structural and physical property control, resulting in a significant bottleneck in energy conversion efficiency.

[0004] Meanwhile, the core magnetic properties of existing electromagnetic energy conversion devices are fixed, and the coil inductance cannot be adjusted in a wide range with precise control, hindering efficient coordination in the magnetic-to-electrical energy conversion process. Furthermore, traditional heat / cold source temperature control is energy-intensive and lacks precision; electric heating has an energy efficiency ratio of only about 1:1, and water cooling relies on an external cold source and is energy-intensive, making it difficult to achieve low-energy, stable magnetic phase transition triggering and reversal. This further restricts the improvement of device energy efficiency and fails to meet the energy supply demands for efficient energy storage and high-power output. Therefore, developing a new type of electromagnetic energy device that relies on efficient temperature control, efficient energy conversion, controllable electrical energy amplification, and stable operation has become a pressing technical problem to be solved in the new energy field. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Purpose of the invention This invention addresses the shortcomings of existing energy technologies, such as insufficient power supply stability, low energy conversion efficiency, superconducting energy storage only being able to convert electrical energy, limited inductor control capabilities, and excessive energy consumption of traditional temperature control systems. It provides a heat pump-assisted heat-to-magnetic phase change superconducting inductor-controlled energy amplification device. By using a heat pump system as a highly efficient heat source and cold source, it achieves precise heating and cooling of a low Curie temperature iron core with extremely low energy consumption. This drives the iron core to quickly and stably complete a magnetic phase change, enabling dynamic control of the superconducting coil inductance. Combined with the principle of superconducting magnetic flux conservation, it achieves efficient amplification of coil current and output electrical energy. This efficiently couples and converts the low-consumption heat energy of the heat pump with electromagnetic energy, improving electrical output power and energy utilization efficiency, and meeting the needs of efficient, stable, and low-carbon power supply in various scenarios.

[0006] Technical solution

[0007] This invention discloses a heat pump-assisted thermo-magnetic phase change superconducting inductively controlled energy amplification device, comprising a low Curie temperature iron core, a superconducting coil, a heat pump temperature control module, a temperature control unit, a current pre-charge unit, and an energy output unit. The low Curie temperature iron core is nested inside the superconducting coil. The heat pump temperature control module is tightly fitted and encased within the low Curie temperature iron core. The temperature control unit is electrically connected to the heat pump temperature control module. The current pre-charge unit is electrically connected to both ends of the superconducting coil. The energy output unit is electrically connected to the superconducting coil.

[0008] The heat pump temperature control module is the core temperature control component of the device, integrating the heat pump main unit, heating heat exchange components, cooling heat exchange components, insulation shell, and heat pump controller. Both the heating and cooling heat exchange components are attached to the surface of the low Curie temperature iron core. Through the reverse Carnot cycle principle of the heat pump, low-energy heating and cooling are achieved: during heating, the heat pump drives the compressor with a small amount of electricity to absorb low-grade heat energy from ambient air, water bodies, or waste heat from industrial equipment. After compression and heating, it is converted into high-grade heat energy, which is transferred to the iron core through the heating heat exchange components, rapidly increasing its temperature. Core temperature; During cooling, the heat pump operates in reverse, quickly removing heat from the core through the cooling heat exchange components and releasing the heat into the environment. Compared with traditional electric heating (energy efficiency ratio 1:1) and water cooling (energy efficiency ratio 1:2~1:3), the heat pump heating energy efficiency ratio can reach 1:4~1:6, and the cooling energy efficiency ratio can reach 1:3~1:5. That is, one unit of electrical energy input can obtain 3-6 units of heat, reducing heating energy consumption by more than 60-80%. It can achieve precise, stable, and low-consumption control of core temperature, with a temperature control accuracy of ±0.5℃.

[0009] The core working principle of this invention is as follows:

[0010] 1. Initial electromagnetic energy storage establishment: A core material with a low Curie temperature, high permeability, and high saturation strength is selected, which is lower than the conventional operating temperature. The superconducting coil is pre-charged with a set initial current through a current pre-charge unit to complete the initial electromagnetic excitation. At this time, the iron core is in a normal temperature environment, maintains a ferromagnetic state, and has a high permeability. The superconducting coil exhibits high inductance, and a stable magnetic flux is formed inside the coil. Relying on the zero-resistance characteristics of the superconducting material, the magnetic flux remains constant and lossless, thus completing the initial electromagnetic energy storage construction.

[0011] 2. Magnetic phase change inductance control: When the heat pump temperature control module is activated in heating mode, the temperature control unit sets the target temperature (1~20℃ higher than the Curie temperature of the iron core). The heat pump delivers heat precisely to the low Curie temperature iron core with extremely low energy consumption, quickly and steadily raising the iron core temperature to above the Curie temperature. The magnetic domains inside the iron core are disordered due to the thermal motion, and the magnetic properties change from ferromagnetism to paramagnetism. The permeability drops sharply to 1 / 50~1 / 100 or even lower than the original permeability, directly leading to a significant reduction in the inductance of the superconducting coil.

[0012] 3. Conservation of magnetic flux and amplification of electrical energy: According to the law of conservation of superconducting magnetic flux, the magnetic flux Φ inside the zero-resistance superconducting coil remains constant. The magnetic flux follows the calculation formula Φ=L×I (L is the coil inductance and I is the coil current). Under the constraint of constant magnetic flux, when the inductance L is passively reduced, the coil current I increases synchronously, thereby maintaining the constant magnetic flux and realizing efficient amplification of current and output electrical energy.

[0013] 4. Energy Conversion and Cyclic Operation: The energy amplification of the device is essentially the efficient coupling and conversion of low-consumption heat pump energy, iron core magnetic phase change energy, and initial electromagnetic energy. Based on the superconducting magnetic energy storage energy calculation formula W=½LI², combined with the corresponding change relationship between inductance and current, the heat pump output temperature can be precisely controlled by the temperature control unit, and the inductance reduction can be precisely controlled, thereby controlling the energy amplification factor. The amplified electrical energy is continuously output through the energy output unit. When a reset is required, the heat pump temperature control module is switched to cooling mode to quickly remove the heat from the iron core, causing the iron core temperature to drop to 5~10℃ below the Curie temperature. The magnetic properties are restored to ferromagnetism, and the inductance returns to its initial state. The energy storage-amplification-output process can be repeated to achieve efficient cyclic operation.

[0014] The low Curie temperature core uses a low Curie point soft magnetic material, such as ferrite, Fe-Cr-B alloy, gadolinium metal, permalloy, etc., which are magnetocaloric materials with controllable Curie temperature. The Curie temperature can be adjusted within the range of 0℃-100℃ according to the application scenario. After being temperature controlled by a heat pump, it can quickly complete the phase transition from ferromagnetism to paramagnetism with a phase transition response time of ≤30s. After cooling, it can autonomously recover its magnetic properties, ensuring the stability of the device's cyclic operation.

[0015] The superconducting coil is made of low-temperature superconducting or high-temperature superconducting materials. Low-temperature superconducting materials can be Nb-Ti alloy or Nb3Sn wire, while high-temperature superconducting materials can be bismuth-strontium-calcium copper oxide (BSCCO) or yttrium-barium copper oxide (YBCO) wire. It maintains zero resistance characteristics continuously under working conditions, eliminates Joule heat loss, ensures no decay of magnetic flux and stable current amplification, and guarantees energy conversion and transmission efficiency.

[0016] Energy Amplification Calculation Method The energy amplification of this device follows the laws of magnetic flux conservation, superconducting magnetic energy storage, and energy conservation. It achieves electrical energy amplification through multiple forms of energy coupling conversion. The simplified calculation method is as follows: After setting the pre-charging current, the initial inductance is L1, the corresponding current is I1, and the magnetic flux is Φ=L1I1; After the iron core phase change, the inductance drops to L2, and the magnetic flux Φ of the superconducting coil remains constant. Therefore, L1I1=L2I2, and the current amplification factor I2 / I1=L1 / L2 is derived. The initial energy stored in the superconducting coil is W1 = ½L1I1², and the energy stored after phase transition amplification is W2 = ½L2I2². Substituting I2 = I1L1 / L2 into the equation, we get W2 = W1 × (L1 / L2). The energy amplification factor corresponds to the inductance change factor.

[0017] This device replaces the traditional heat source with a low-consumption heat pump temperature control, requiring only a small amount of electrical energy to achieve magnetic phase change regulation of the iron core. The sum of the electrical energy input by the heat pump and the low-grade heat energy absorbed is entirely converted into high-grade heat energy transferred to the iron core and system losses, significantly reducing energy loss in the temperature control process. The overall energy utilization efficiency of the device is further improved, and the output power far exceeds the sum of the initial excitation electrical energy and the heat pump energy consumption, with no energy gain at all.

[0018] Beneficial effects

[0019] 1. Excellent energy conversion efficiency, achieving high-efficiency amplification of electrical energy: This invention relies on the initial pre-charge energy excitation and the low-heat energy input of the heat pump. Through the coupling of magnetic phase change and superconducting magnetic flux conservation, it achieves high-efficiency conversion of multiple forms of energy and amplification of electrical energy. The heat pump heating energy efficiency ratio reaches 1:4~1:6, which reduces energy consumption by more than 60% compared with traditional electric heating. It also significantly reduces temperature control energy consumption, makes up for the shortcomings of traditional superconducting energy storage in amplifying electrical energy and traditional temperature control in high energy consumption, and optimizes the electromagnetic energy conversion efficiency.

[0020] 2. Low energy consumption and precise temperature control, with stronger cycle stability: The heat pump system is used as the heat source and cold source, which has both heating and cooling functions. The temperature control accuracy can reach ±0.5℃, and the phase change response time is ≤30s. It can quickly trigger the magnetic phase change of the iron core and quickly reverse the magnetic phase change to reset the device. The reset time is ≤60s. Compared with the traditional temperature control method, the energy consumption is greatly reduced. The magnetic phase change regulation has a fast response speed and high stability, ensuring the high efficiency and reliability of the device's cycle operation.

[0021] 3. No additional energy loss and higher operating efficiency: The superconducting coil achieves zero-resistance energy transmission. There is no Joule heat loss and no magnetic flux attenuation in the energy conversion process. Combined with the efficient temperature control of the heat pump, the overall operating efficiency of the device is close to the theoretical peak, which is far superior to traditional electromagnetic energy storage and energy conversion devices. At the same time, the heat pump can recover low-grade heat energy from the environment and industrial waste heat, further improving energy utilization efficiency.

[0022] 4. Diverse application scenarios and strong adaptability: The device has a compact structure and flexible size adjustment, and can be miniaturized to serve as an auxiliary power source for civilian devices such as mobile phones and home appliances; it can be integrated into vehicles to recover waste heat from vehicles to assist in the operation of heat pumps, serving as an auxiliary power source for vehicles and improving their range; it can be modularly assembled and applied to scenarios such as distributed power stations, independent power supply in remote areas, and outdoor emergency power supply, reducing dependence on traditional power grids and conventional energy sources.

[0023] 5. Green and environmentally friendly, in line with low-carbon energy development: The device operates without fuel combustion, waste gas, wastewater and other pollutant emissions, and has no carbon emissions. The heat pump efficiently utilizes low-grade heat energy in the environment, with extremely high energy utilization rate. It can effectively replace some fossil energy power supply scenarios, help achieve carbon emission reduction and carbon neutrality goals, and is in line with the trend of green new energy research and application.

[0024] 6. Precise control and stable and reliable operation: Through the linkage of the temperature control unit with the heat pump system, the entire process of magnetic phase change of the iron core is precisely controlled, thereby accurately controlling the power amplification factor. The device operates stably and can be repeatedly cycled ≥10,000 times. It has a long service life, low maintenance costs, and has the potential for large-scale application. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating the cyclic operation principle of the thermal-to-phase-change superconducting energy multiplication device of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 2 This is a flowchart illustrating the working principle of the device of the present invention; The power pre-charging device in the diagram is used to pre-charge the superconducting coil and provide initial power to the heat pump temperature control unit. The heat pump core temperature control system shown in the diagram is used to control the start and stop of the heat pump temperature control unit. The heat pump temperature control unit is used to detect temperature and feedback signals, as well as control the rise and fall of the core temperature. In the diagram, heating components represent the working heat transfer gas or liquid medium inside the heat pump. In the diagram, "Cooling Separation" represents the working heat transfer gas or liquid medium inside the heat pump. The magnetic phase change superconducting energy storage amplification unit in the diagram is a device used to amplify the pre-charged energy in the superconducting coil to achieve energy multiplication. The output device in the diagram is used to stably supply power to the load, provide feedback on the load size to the heat pump temperature control system to control how many degrees the temperature should rise, thereby obtaining a corresponding energy amplification to match the output load power, and feed back electrical energy to the power supply pre-charge device to maintain the entire system's independent operation without external energy input.

[0027] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the core of the thermal-to-magnetic phase change superconducting magnetic energy storage amplification device of the present invention, and its function is as follows: In the figure, 1-iron core: The function of using a low Curie temperature and high permeability iron core is to interact with the heat source rod to change from ferromagnetism to paramagnetism or reduce the permeability to cut off the magnetic flux and reduce the inductance, thereby causing the superconducting coil to amplify the pre-charge energy in order to maintain the conservation of magnetic flux; 2 in the diagram - superconducting coil: It is used to interact with the iron core and heat source rod to reduce the inductance. In order to maintain the conservation of magnetic flux, the superconducting coil will amplify the pre-charged energy and then output it to the outside. 3 in the figure - thermal insulation layer: reduces heat loss at low temperatures and maintains a low-temperature environment; 4-Heat source rod in the figure: used to heat the iron core to bring it to the Curie temperature, changing it from ferromagnetic to paramagnetic or reducing the permeability of the iron core to adjust the inductance and thus control the energy amplification factor.

[0028] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the core iron core of the thermal-to-magnetic phase change superconducting magnetic energy storage amplification device of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the core of the thermal-to-magnetic phase change superconducting magnetic energy storage amplification device of the present invention, and its function is as follows: In the diagram, layer 1 - the electromagnetic shielding layer - is used to shield external electromagnetic interference and also serves as an outer shell to protect internal components and enhance overall strength. 2 in the figure is a thermal insulation and reflective layer used to reflect thermal radiation, reduce low-temperature heat loss, and maintain a low-temperature environment; In the figure, 3-the thermal insulation layer reduces heat loss at low temperatures and maintains a low-temperature environment; In the figure, 4 - the thermal insulation layer reduces heat loss at low temperatures and maintains a low-temperature environment; In the figure, 5-the liquid nitrogen empty area is the gap between the superconducting coil and the thermal insulation layer, which is used to store a corresponding amount of liquid nitrogen to maintain the low temperature environment required by the superconducting coil; In the figure, 6-the insulation material is used to isolate the heat in the iron core from the temperature conduction between the liquid and the heat source and to keep it warm; The 7-U closed-loop iron core in the figure is nested inside the superconducting coil and the 6 thermal insulation layer. The material is a high permeability iron core. Its function is to provide the superconducting coil with a low magnetic resistance and high magnetic permeability magnetic path. It interacts with 8, 9, and 10 to produce a decrease in inductance, so that the superconducting coil can amplify energy in order to maintain a constant magnetic flux. In the diagram, the 8-heat source rod is used to conduct heat or cold from the heat pump to the 10-liter heating element, allowing the iron core to reach the Curie temperature and change from ferromagnetic to paramagnetic or reduce the permeability to regulate the inductance and thus control the energy amplification factor. In the diagram, the superconducting coil 9 interacts with coils 7, 8, and 10 to reduce the inductance. In order to maintain the conservation of magnetic flux, the superconducting coil amplifies the pre-charged energy and then outputs it to the outside. In the figure, the 10-low Curie temperature magnetic core uses a high permeability iron core. Its function is to interact with the heat source rod to change from ferromagnetism to paramagnetism or reduce the permeability to cut off the magnetic flux and reduce the inductance, thereby causing the superconducting coil to amplify the pre-charge energy in order to maintain the conservation of magnetic flux.

[0031] The principles, operating methods, and structures illustrated in the above images and descriptions are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, or improvements made to the implementation methods within the scope of the principles and technical solutions of the present invention are included within the protection scope of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0033] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments, so that the technical solution of the present invention is clearer and more complete.

[0034] Example 1: A simple demonstration of how the permeability of the iron core decreases as temperature rises, causing a change in the inductance of the coil, to facilitate understanding of its energy amplification principle. The following are the operating steps: Step 1 - Select a metal (1J38Fe-Ni-Cr) with a Curie temperature (Tc) of 80°C, magnetic saturation temperature of 0.9T, and magnetic permeability of 70,000 μmax. Make four long strips, each 40mm wide and 40mm high, with a length of 80mm. A 10mm through-hole is opened in the center of each strip. Step 2 - First, use a regular 220V, 10mm diameter, 100mm long electric heating rod for the experiment; Step 3 - Use ordinary copper wire with a diameter of 1mm to wind 70 turns on each layer of the iron core, for a total of 10 layers and 700 turns; Step 4 - Then close the four iron cores into a U-shaped loop to close the magnetic circuit; Step 5 - Use an inductance meter to measure and record the coil inductance before heating; Step 6 - Turn on the heating rod to heat the metal to above 80°C. Measure the inductance with an inductance meter. You will find that the inductance drops significantly and gradually approaches the inductance without an iron core. Step 7 - When the temperature exceeds the Curie temperature, it will drop even more, approaching the case of no iron core (the inductance of a closed magnetic circuit will change by a larger factor, with a small iron core reaching about 100 times the change; the larger the iron core and the higher the permeability, the greater the change factor). The above mainly demonstrates the intensity of the change in coil inductance with temperature.

[0035] Example 2: Simple experimental verification of a thermal-to-magnetic phase change superconducting magnetic energy storage amplification device 1. First, prepare the superconducting coil. You can choose YBCO high-temperature superconducting tape with a width of 4mm, a thickness of 0.22mm, a critical current of 150A or more, and a length of about 20 meters. 2. Prepare two half-U-shaped iron cores with a cross-sectional area of ​​30mm in diameter, 40mm in tongue width, and 60mm in length (this is the size of half-U-shaped iron core). Make an 8mm diameter through hole in the center of the cross-sectional area of ​​the two longest sides of the iron core for inserting electric heating rods or heat pump heat exchange pipes. 3- Wind a 20-meter superconducting coil on a nylon plastic frame (leave a gap of about 3-5mm between the inner diameter of the frame and the iron core to place thermal insulation material to isolate the low temperature of liquid nitrogen from the heat conduction between the iron core). 4. The superconducting coil needs to be wrapped with heat insulation material and have liquid nitrogen space left to maintain the superconducting state of the superconducting coil. 5. Solder the ends of the wound superconducting coil with low-temperature solder at around 130 degrees Celsius, leaving space for the AC / DC clamp current probe (the current probe has a measurement range of 0-200A and is used with a host computer or oscilloscope to display the current waveform in real time). The superconducting coil connection needs to overlap with 50-80mm of superconducting tape area to reduce the resistance of the connection surface so that the current can decay more slowly and be stored for longer in the superconducting process. 6- Use a 0.8mm diameter, 100m long ordinary enameled wire to wind around a frame that matches the iron core as an inductive pre-charging circuit; 7. After preparing everything above, install the completed superconducting coil and pre-charged coil onto the iron core and close the iron core. 8-Then liquid nitrogen is placed into the superconducting coil to bring it into a superconducting state; 9. When the pre-charge coil is energized with a 0-12V 0-10A adjustable power supply, a corresponding current will be induced in the superconducting coil; 10-Observe the current waveform, etc. After the current of 3A is consumed by the resistance at the connection of the superconducting coil, disconnect the power supply of the pre-charge coil. At this time, the superconducting coil is charged with its own maintenance current of 3A. 11- Next, turn on the heat source to heat the iron core until the inductance drops by 10 times, then stop heating (you can use a pre-charged room temperature copper coil to measure the change in inductance before and after heating for comparison). 12- Observing the current waveform, it can be found that the current increases by 10 times to 30A as the inductance decreases. At this time, the energy is amplified by 10 times. 13-Continuing to heat can further reduce the inductance to a higher factor, and the energy will also be amplified to the corresponding factor until it exceeds the Curie temperature and becomes completely paramagnetic.

[0036] Example 3: Vehicle-mounted thermal-to-magnetic phase change superconducting inductively controlled energy amplification device 1. Device Setup: A Fe-Cr-B alloy with a Curie temperature of 60℃ is selected as the low Curie temperature iron core 1. A superconducting coil 2 is prepared using bismuth-strontium-calcium-copper-oxygen high-temperature superconducting material, and the iron core is nested inside the coil. An on-board heat pump temperature control module 3 is selected as the heat source and cold source components. The heat pump host adopts an on-board 12V DC compressor with a heating energy efficiency ratio ≥1:4.5 and a cooling energy efficiency ratio ≥1:4.5. Both the heating and cooling heat exchange components are attached to the surface of the iron core and covered with thermally conductive silicone pads to improve heat exchange efficiency. It is equipped with a high-precision temperature control unit 4 and connected to a current pre-charge unit 5 and an on-board energy output unit 6. The on-board heat pump can simultaneously absorb the waste heat of the ambient air and the waste heat in the car, further reducing heating energy consumption.

[0037] 2. Initial operation: The superconducting coil 2 is pre-charged with an initial current of 10A through the current pre-charge unit 5. At this time, the iron core is in a normal temperature environment of 25℃ and maintains a ferromagnetic state. The initial inductance of the superconducting coil is L1=10H, the initial magnetic flux is Φ=10×10=100Wb, and the initial stored energy is W1=½×10×10²=500J.

[0038] 3. Magnetic phase change control: The vehicle heat pump temperature control module 3 is activated in heating mode. The temperature control unit 4 stabilizes the core temperature at 70℃ (10℃ higher than the Curie temperature). The heat pump operates at a low power of 12V and 4A, consuming only 0.048kWh of electrical energy per hour. It absorbs the engine waste heat and ambient residual heat through the reverse Carnot cycle, converting it into high-grade heat energy and transferring it to the core. Within 30 seconds, the core temperature is raised to the phase change temperature, and the core becomes paramagnetic. The permeability is reduced to 1 / 80 of the original permeability, and the inductance is reduced to L2=0.20H.

[0039] 4. Energy Amplification and Output: Based on the principle of superconducting magnetic flux conservation, the coil current rises to I2=10×(10 / 0.2)=500A, and the stored energy W2=½×0.2×500²=25000J, achieving efficient energy amplification. Through the energy output unit 6, it provides auxiliary power to the vehicle's power system and electrical appliances. When the device resets, it switches the heat pump to cooling mode, cooling the iron core to below 55℃ within 60 seconds. The magnetic properties are restored to ferromagnetism, and the inductance returns to its initial value. It can operate in cycles, significantly reducing the frequency of charging by external charging piles and improving the vehicle's range flexibility.

[0040] Example 4: Home Distributed Energy Amplification Power Supply Device 1. Device Setup: Low Curie ferrite with a Curie temperature of 40℃ is used as the core 1. A small superconducting coil 2 is prepared using low-temperature superconducting Nb-Ti alloy wire. It is paired with a household air source heat pump temperature control module 3. The heat pump host uses a 220V AC compressor with a heating energy efficiency ratio ≥1:5 and a cooling energy efficiency ratio ≥1:4. The heating and cooling heat exchange components use copper-aluminum composite plate heat exchangers that are attached to the surface of the core. It is also equipped with a household precision temperature control unit 4, a small current pre-charge unit 5, and a household power supply output module 6. The heat pump module is directly connected to household mains power, resulting in extremely low energy consumption.

[0041] 2. Operation Process: Initial current pre-charging is completed through a small pre-charging power source to establish initial electromagnetic energy storage; the heat pump heating mode is activated, and the temperature control unit 4 stabilizes the iron core temperature at 50℃ (10℃ higher than the Curie temperature). The heat pump operates at a low power of 220V and 1.5A, consuming only 0.33kWh of electricity per hour, heating the iron core to the phase change temperature with far lower energy consumption than traditional electric heaters. The magnetic phase change is completed within 40 seconds, and the coil inductance decreases from L1=8H to L2=0.16H. Relying on the conservation of magnetic flux, the current is amplified from I1=10A to I2=500A, and the energy storage is amplified from W1=400J to W2=20000J. The generated electricity is connected to the household power system as a distributed auxiliary power supply device to share the load of the power grid. When the operation stops, the heat pump switches to cooling mode, cooling the iron core to below 35℃ within 50 seconds. The magnetic properties are restored, the inductance returns to the initial state, and the device completes the reset, improving the stability and autonomy of the household power supply.

[0042] The above embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, or improvements made to the embodiments within the scope of the principles and technical solutions of the present invention are included within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0043] The device of this invention achieves low-energy consumption, high-efficiency coupling and conversion of multiple forms of energy and power amplification by organically combining the high-efficiency cold and heat source of heat pump, magnetic phase change control and superconducting magnetic flux conservation. It follows the law of energy conservation throughout the process and has no energy gain out of thin air. It provides a new technical solution for superconducting energy storage and distributed energy supply. It can be widely used in civil, transportation, industrial and outdoor scenarios, and significantly improve energy utilization and power supply efficiency.

[0044] Supplement: Specific selection parameters for heat pump temperature control modules Selection parameters: Vehicle-mounted device parameters, Home-use device parameters, Selection criteria and advantages The heat pump unit features a 12V DC scroll compressor or a 220V AC scroll compressor, suitable for both vehicle and home power supply scenarios. Scroll compressors are 15%~20% more efficient than reciprocating compressors. Heating capacity 500W~1000W, 800W~1500W, matching the heat required for the iron core phase change, ensuring heating up within 30~60 seconds. Cooling capacity 600W~1200W, 1000W~1800W; ensures core cooling is completed within 60 seconds, achieving rapid reset. Energy efficiency ratio (COP) ≥1:4.5 ≥1:5, far exceeding traditional electric heating / water cooling, significantly reducing temperature control energy consumption. Temperature control accuracy ±0.5℃ ±0.5℃ precisely controls inductor sag, enabling controllable power amplification. The heat exchange component type is a copper-aluminum composite plate heat exchanger. The thermal conductivity of this type of heat exchanger is ≥380 W / (m·K), and its heat exchange efficiency is 30% higher than that of ordinary heat exchangers. Heat exchange area 0.02~0.05m² 0.05~0.1m² Fitting iron core design ensures rapid heat transfer / dissipation. Compressor power: 48W~192W, 330W~660W (low power operation), suitable for low power consumption needs in vehicles and homes. Operating temperature range: -20℃~60℃ -10℃~50℃. Suitable for various environments including automotive and home use, ensuring stable operation.

Claims

1. A superconducting electromagnetic energy multiplier based on inductor control, characterized in that, The device includes a superconducting coil, a magnetic core component, an inductance control module, a current pre-charge unit, and an energy output unit. The magnetic core component is adapted to be installed inside or around the superconducting coil. The inductance control module is correspondingly configured with the magnetic core component. The current pre-charge unit is electrically connected to the superconducting coil, and the energy output unit is electrically connected to the superconducting coil. The device uses the inductance control module to act on the magnetic core component, causing a controllable reduction in the equivalent inductance of the superconducting coil. Based on the characteristic of maintaining the conservation of magnetic flux in the superconducting coil, this includes, but is not limited to, maintaining a constant magnetic flux in the coil, thereby achieving a multiplied output of the superconducting coil current and electromagnetic energy storage. The triggering methods for reducing the inductance include, but are not limited to, magnetic phase change control, permeability control, magnetic core structure control, magnetic domain state control, temperature field control, and magnetic field control.

2. The apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that, The magnetic core components include, but are not limited to, low Curie temperature magnetic core components, low Curie point soft magnetic materials, and magnetocaloric responsive materials. The types of materials include, but are not limited to, ferrite, Fe-Cr-B alloy, high-permeability permalloy of metallic gadolinium, and other magnetic materials with magnetic phase transition characteristics. The shapes of the magnetic core components include, but are not limited to, cylindrical, ring-shaped, prismatic, sheet-like, block-like, or partially made of low Curie temperature materials in forms similar to those in Figure 5, and other structural shapes adapted to superconducting coils. Their magnetic properties include, but are not limited to, magnetic saturation permeability of 50,000 u at 0.9 T, and relative permeability of 45,000 u.

3. The apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that, The inductor control module is a temperature-controlled inductor control module, including but not limited to heat pump temperature control modules, semiconductor refrigeration temperature control modules, liquid cooling / liquid heating temperature control modules, and air cooling / electric heating temperature control modules. It includes but is not limited to changing the magnetic properties of the magnetic core components through the effect of the temperature field, so as to realize the controllable downward and upward adjustment of the inductance of the superconducting coil.

4. The apparatus according to claim 4, characterized in that, Including but not limited to the heat pump temperature control module, which realizes dual-mode regulation of heating and cooling based on the reverse Carnot cycle, the module's heating energy efficiency ratio and cooling energy efficiency ratio include but are not limited to any numerical range, the temperature control range includes but is not limited to 0℃-100℃, and can stably control the temperature of the magnetic core component within any target temperature range, realizing precise triggering and reversal of magnetic phase change.

5. The apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that, The coil is made of, but is not limited to, low-temperature superconducting materials, high-temperature superconducting materials, or second-generation superconducting tapes. Under operating conditions, it maintains, but is not limited to, zero resistance characteristics and ensures that the magnetic flux inside the coil remains constant.

6. The apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that... The superconducting coil magnetic flux Φ satisfies the constant conservation relationship: Φ=L1I1=L2I2; where L1 is the initial inductance, I1 is the initial pre-charge current, L2 is the reduced inductance after adjustment, and I2 is the multiplied current; the coil electromagnetic energy storage includes, but is not limited to, satisfying the multiplication relationship: W2=W1×(L1 / L2), where W1 is the initial electromagnetic energy storage and W2 is the multiplied electromagnetic energy storage.

7. The apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that, Including but not limited to the inductance control module, the equivalent inductance of the superconducting coil can be significantly reduced by changing the permeability, magnetic domain arrangement, magnetic saturation state, and effective magnetic cross-sectional area of ​​the magnetic core component, thereby achieving a higher electromagnetic energy multiplication and an improved electromagnetic energy density.

8. The apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that, The current pre-charge unit is used, but is not limited to, to input the initial excitation current into the superconducting coil to construct the initial constant magnetic flux and the initial electromagnetic energy storage. The current pre-charge forms include, but are not limited to, DC constant current pre-charge, induction pre-charge, pulse pre-charge, and energy storage unit discharge pre-charge.

9. The apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that, The energy output unit, including but not limited to, is used to output the multiplied electromagnetic energy in the form of electrical energy. The output electrical energy forms include, but are not limited to, direct current, alternating current, and sinusoidal alternating current, which are suitable for any application scenario such as distributed generation, vehicle power supply, home energy storage, emergency power supply, and industrial energy storage.

10. The apparatus according to any one of claims 2-10, characterized in that, Including but not limited to the inductance control module, which can cyclically perform inductance adjustment and de-adjustment operations to realize the cyclic multiplication and release of electromagnetic energy stored in the superconducting coil, the device can operate repeatedly and stably.

11. A method for controlling the multiplication of superconducting electromagnetic energy, characterized in that, Including but not limited to the following steps: The initial current is pre-charged to the superconducting coil through the current pre-charge unit to construct the initial inductance L1, initial magnetic flux Φ and initial electromagnetic energy storage W1. By applying an inductance control module to the magnetic core components, the equivalent inductance of the superconducting coil can be controllably reduced to L2. Based on the principle of conservation of magnetic flux in superconducting coils, the magnetic flux Φ is kept constant, the coil current is increased to I2, and the electromagnetic energy storage is multiplied to W2; The amplified electrical energy is output to the outside through the energy output unit; The methods for reducing inductance include, but are not limited to, magnetic phase change, change of magnetic permeability, temperature control, and adjustment of magnetic core structure.

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