Wide-temperature-range high-performance aqueous organic-inorganic proton battery and preparation method thereof

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of proton battery technology, and more particularly to a wide-temperature-range, high-performance aqueous organic-inorganic proton battery and its preparation method. The method includes using p-benzoquinone (BQ) as the organic positive electrode active material and molybdenum trioxide (MoO3) as the inorganic negative electrode active material, employing a wide-temperature, highly stable proton electrolyte composed of 6 M phosphoric acid (H3PO4) and trimethyl phosphate (TMP) at a volume ratio of 7:3 to construct a rocking chair-type conductive aqueous proton battery. This invention significantly improves battery capacity, rate capability, and cycle stability through the synergistic effect of the rapid proton coupling reaction of p-benzoquinone carbonyl and the reversible proton intercalation between MoO3 layers. Trimethyl phosphate effectively suppresses hydrogen evolution, lowers the freezing point, and widens the operating temperature range, enabling the battery to operate stably within the range of -40℃ to 80℃. It features high safety, long lifespan, and low cost, making it suitable for extreme environment energy storage, low-temperature electronics, and new energy storage.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of proton battery technology, and in particular to a wide-temperature-range high-performance aqueous organic-inorganic proton battery and its preparation method. Background Technology

[0002] With the widespread application of electrochemical energy storage in grid peak shaving, rail transportation, aerospace, field exploration, and extreme environment equipment, higher requirements are being placed on the safety, temperature adaptability, power density, and cycle stability of energy storage devices. Traditional lithium-ion batteries rely on flammable organic electrolytes, which are prone to thermal runaway and fire / explosion under conditions such as high temperature, overcharge, and puncture, posing significant safety hazards. Against this backdrop, aqueous energy storage batteries, using water as the main electrolyte medium, have significant advantages such as being non-flammable, non-toxic, environmentally friendly, having simple manufacturing processes, and low cost, making them an important development direction for the next generation of high-safety energy storage systems.

[0003] Aqueous proton batteries with H + As charge carriers, protons possess the smallest ionic radius and a unique Grotthuss proton hopping conduction mechanism, enabling transport kinetics far faster than metal ions. This results in both high power density and high rate performance, offering significant advantages in high-frequency charge-discharge scenarios. In recent years, organic electrode materials have been widely used in proton battery systems due to their tunable structure, abundant resources, and environmental friendliness; while inorganic electrode materials possess advantages such as structural stability, good conductivity, and strong capacity retention. Introducing an organic-inorganic composite strategy into proton batteries can synergistically combine the high capacity of organic materials with the high stability of inorganic materials, effectively improving the dissolution, degradation, and insufficient kinetics of single electrodes, becoming a key path to enhance the overall performance of aqueous proton batteries.

[0004] Despite the significant advantages of aqueous proton batteries, current technologies still face several bottlenecks that severely limit their application in wide-temperature environments. First, traditional aqueous electrolytes operate within a narrow temperature range. At low temperatures, they easily freeze, leading to a sharp drop in ionic conductivity and battery failure. At high temperatures, water decomposition intensifies, resulting in significant hydrogen and oxygen evolution side reactions, causing electrode corrosion, electrolyte consumption, and battery gas buildup, leading to a rapid decline in cycle life. Second, a single aqueous solution system struggles to balance conductivity, electrochemical window, and interfacial stability. Modification methods using high-concentration salts and ionic liquids suffer from high viscosity, high cost, and kinetic lag. Third, electrolyte preparation processes lack safety and uniformity design. Direct mixing of strong acids and organic solvents can easily generate localized exothermic reactions and splashing. Uneven mixing can lead to increased concentration gradients and interfacial impedance, affecting battery consistency and reliability. Fourth, the compatibility between organic-inorganic electrodes and aqueous electrolytes is insufficient, resulting in numerous interfacial side reactions, high proton transport resistance, rapid capacity decay, and low coulombic efficiency under wide-temperature conditions.

[0005] Currently, existing technologies have not yet formed a comprehensive aqueous proton battery solution that combines wide temperature range adaptability, high safety, high power, and long cycle life. In particular, there is a lack of efficient systems that achieve stable operation over a wide temperature range of −40 ℃ to 80 ℃ through electrolyte composition optimization, formulation process control, and synergistic matching of organic-inorganic electrodes. Therefore, developing a wide-temperature-range, high-performance, and highly safe aqueous organic-inorganic composite proton battery, overcoming temperature limitations and interface stability bottlenecks, has significant theoretical and practical value for promoting the industrialization of energy storage in extreme environments and large-scale safe energy storage. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to address the shortcomings of existing technologies by proposing a wide-temperature-range, high-performance aqueous organic-inorganic proton battery and its preparation method. This method uses p-benzoquinone as the positive electrode active material and molybdenum trioxide as the negative electrode active material, combined with a composite electrolyte consisting of 6 M phosphoric acid and trimethyl phosphate in a volume ratio of 7:3. Utilizing the high proton storage activity of p-benzoquinone, the excellent proton intercalation / deintercalation performance and structural stability of molybdenum trioxide, and the high ionic conductivity, low volatility, and good electrode compatibility of this composite electrolyte under wide temperature conditions, the discharge capacity, rate performance, and cycle life of the battery are significantly improved over a wide temperature range. This results in a simple, high-performance, and highly adaptable aqueous proton battery that meets the application requirements of energy storage devices in extreme temperature environments.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a method for preparing a wide-temperature-range high-performance aqueous organic-inorganic proton battery, comprising the following steps:

[0008] Step 1: Preparation of molybdenum trioxide proton battery anode material:

[0009] a) The negative electrode material is weighed according to the mass ratio of molybdenum trioxide (MoO3): conductive agent: binder = 6:3:1; the MoO3 and conductive agent are thoroughly ground and mixed, the binder is added, and then an alcohol reagent is added to form a uniform spherical material; a uniform self-supporting film is made by rolling, and vacuum dried at about 60°C for more than 12 hours; after drying, the required size is cut and the corresponding mass is weighed, and the film is pressed and laminated onto the surface of the titanium mesh current collector to obtain the MoO3 negative electrode;

[0010] b) Using AgCl electrode as reference electrode, AC (activated carbon) as counter electrode, MoO3 as working electrode, and a mixed solution of 6 M phosphoric acid (H3PO4) and trimethyl phosphate (TMP) in a volume ratio of 7:3 as electrolyte, a three-electrode system is formed.

[0011] c) The three-electrode system was charged and discharged at constant current. The resulting MoO3 was washed with deionized water and then dried in a vacuum oven at 60°C for 2 hours to obtain the negative electrode sheet, i.e., the negative electrode material of molybdenum trioxide proton battery.

[0012] Step 2, Preparation of p-benzoquinone proton battery cathode material:

[0013] a) Weigh the positive electrode material according to the mass ratio of p-benzoquinone (BQ): conductive agent: binder = 6:3:1; grind and mix p-benzoquinone and conductive agent thoroughly, add binder, and then add alcohol reagent to form uniform spherical material; make uniform self-supporting film by rolling film, and vacuum dry at about 60 ℃ for more than 12 h; after drying, cut to the required size and weigh the corresponding mass, and press the film onto the surface of titanium mesh current collector to obtain p-benzoquinone positive electrode;

[0014] b) Using AgCl electrode as reference electrode, AC (activated carbon) as counter electrode, p-benzoquinone as working electrode, and a mixed solution of 6 M phosphoric acid (H3PO4) and trimethyl phosphate (TMP) in a volume ratio of 7:3 as electrolyte, a three-electrode system is formed.

[0015] c) The three-electrode system was charged and discharged at constant current. The resulting p-benzoquinone electrode was washed with deionized water and then dried in a vacuum oven at 60 °C for 2 h to obtain the positive electrode sheet, i.e., the p-benzoquinone proton battery positive electrode material.

[0016] Step 3: Using MoO3 proton battery anode material as the anode and p-benzoquinone proton battery cathode material as the cathode, and using a mixed solution of 6M phosphoric acid (H3PO4) and trimethyl phosphate (TMP) in a volume ratio of 7:3 as the electrolyte, a wide-temperature-range high-performance aqueous organic-inorganic proton battery is constructed.

[0017] Preferably, in step 1, the activated carbon electrode is prepared by mixing activated carbon, acetylene black, and polytetrafluoroethylene in a mass ratio of 7:2:1, rolling it into a film, drying it, weighing it to the corresponding mass, and then pressing it into a sheet and bonding it to a titanium mesh current collector.

[0018] Preferably, in step 1, the conductive agent is one or more of Ketjen black, activated carbon, mesoporous carbon, graphene, carbon nanotubes, carbon fibers, acetylene black, and carbon black.

[0019] Preferably, in step 1, the alcohol reagent is one or more of ethanol, 1-propanol, 2-propanol, 1-butanol, 2-butanol, isobutanol, and tert-butanol.

[0020] Preferably, in step 1, the current collector is a solid mesh with high electronic conductivity, and the solid mesh is one or more of conductive graphite mesh, titanium mesh, nickel mesh, molybdenum mesh, copper mesh, aluminum mesh, and stainless steel mesh.

[0021] Preferably, in step 1, the adhesive is one or more of polytetrafluoroethylene, polyvinylidene fluoride, polyolefin, polyvinyl alcohol, and styrene-butadiene rubber.

[0022] Preferably, in step 3, the preparation of the electrolyte includes: adding a portion of water first, then adding trimethyl phosphate, and finally adding phosphoric acid according to a certain ratio, mixing evenly, and then performing ultrasonic treatment to ensure operational safety and system homogeneity.

[0023] The present invention also provides a wide-temperature-range high-performance aqueous organic-inorganic proton battery obtained by the above preparation method, wherein the operating temperature of the wide-temperature-range high-performance aqueous organic-inorganic proton battery is -40 ℃ to 80 ℃.

[0024] Explanation of principle: In this invention, the charging and discharging process of the aqueous proton battery constructed based on p-benzoquinone positive electrode and molybdenum trioxide negative electrode is as follows:

[0025] Charging process:

[0026] Positive electrode: C6H4(OH)2 → C6H4O2 + 2H + + 2e -

[0027] Negative electrode: H x MoO3 → MoO3+ xH + + xe -

[0028] Discharge process:

[0029] Positive electrode: C6H4O2 + 2H + + 2e - → C6H4(OH)2

[0030] Negative electrode: MoO3+ xH + + xe - → H x MoO3

[0031] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0032] 1. This invention uses an organic-inorganic proton energy storage system with p-benzoquinone as the positive electrode and molybdenum trioxide as the negative electrode. It has high proton insertion and extraction reversibility and higher specific capacity and better charge and discharge efficiency compared with traditional aqueous batteries.

[0033] 2. This invention uses a composite electrolyte with a volume ratio of phosphoric acid to trimethyl phosphate of 7:3, which significantly reduces the volatility of the electrolyte, improves low-temperature fluidity, effectively broadens the battery's operating temperature range, and enables stable discharge under wide temperature conditions.

[0034] 3. The molybdenum trioxide negative electrode used in this invention has a stable structure and abundant proton diffusion channels. Combined with the fast proton response characteristics of the p-benzoquinone positive electrode, the battery has excellent rate performance and low capacity decay under high current charging and discharging.

[0035] 4. The organic-inorganic electrode in this invention has good compatibility with the composite electrolyte, few side reactions, and a stable interface. The battery structure is not easily damaged during long-term cycling, and the cycle life is significantly improved.

[0036] 5. This invention adopts an aqueous / quasi-aqueous safety system, which is non-flammable and non-explosive, and its safety is far superior to that of traditional organic lithium batteries, making it suitable for large-scale energy storage and extreme environment applications. Attached Figure Description

[0037] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the operation of the aqueous proton battery constructed based on the MoO3 negative electrode and the p-benzoquinone positive electrode according to the present invention;

[0038] Figure 2 This is a performance curve of the present invention based on the p-benzoquinone cathode after 10,000 charge-discharge cycles;

[0039] Figure 3 This is a performance curve of the present invention based on a MoO3 negative electrode after 10,000 charge-discharge cycles;

[0040] Figure 4 This invention is based on the charge and discharge voltage range curve of the battery under low temperature (-40℃ to -25℃) conditions;

[0041] Figure 5 This is a graph showing the charge and discharge voltage range of the battery under high temperature (50℃~80℃) conditions, which is based on the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0042] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, so that those skilled in the art can better understand the advantages and features of the present invention, thereby making a clearer definition of the scope of protection of the present invention. The embodiments described in this invention are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0043] Example 1

[0044] Preparation method of wide-temperature-range high-performance aqueous organic-inorganic proton battery:

[0045] (1) Preparation of molybdenum trioxide proton battery anode material:

[0046] a) The negative electrode material is prepared by weighing molybdenum trioxide (MoO3): acetylene black (KB): polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) in a mass ratio of 6:3:1. MoO3 and acetylene black (KB) are thoroughly ground and mixed, then PTFE emulsion is added, and isopropanol is added to form uniform spherical materials. A uniform self-supporting membrane is prepared by rolling, and vacuum dried at about 60 °C for more than 12 hours. After drying, the required size is cut and the corresponding mass is weighed. The membrane is then pressed and laminated onto the surface of a titanium mesh current collector to obtain the MoO3 negative electrode.

[0047] b): Using AgCl electrode as reference electrode, activated carbon as counter electrode, MoO3 as working electrode, and a mixed solution of 6 M phosphoric acid (H3PO4) and trimethyl phosphate (TMP) in a volume ratio of 7:3 as electrolyte, a three-electrode system is formed.

[0048] c): The molybdenum trioxide working electrode, counter electrode, and reference electrode were immersed in a mixed electrolyte of phosphoric acid and trimethyl phosphate in a volume ratio of 7:3 to form a three-electrode test system. Cyclic voltammetry was used for electrochemical testing. The scan rate was set to 3 mV / s, and the test voltage range was determined from -0.5 V to 0.5 V by the cyclic voltammetry curve. 3 to 5 consecutive scans were performed to complete the linear cyclic voltammetry test of the molybdenum trioxide negative electrode.

[0049] (2) Preparation of p-benzoquinone proton battery cathode material:

[0050] a) Preparation of p-benzoquinone cathode material: The cathode material was weighed according to the mass ratio of p-benzoquinone (BQ): acetylene black (KB): polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) = 6:3:1; p-benzoquinone and acetylene black (KB) were thoroughly ground and mixed evenly, then PTFE emulsion was added, and isopropanol was added to form uniform spherical material; a uniform self-supporting membrane was made by rolling, and vacuum dried at about 60 ℃ for more than 12 h; after drying, the required size was cut and the corresponding mass was weighed, and the membrane was pressed and laminated onto the surface of a titanium mesh current collector to obtain the p-benzoquinone cathode.

[0051] b): Using AgCl electrode as reference electrode, activated carbon as counter electrode, p-benzoquinone as working electrode, and a mixed solution of 6 M phosphoric acid (H3PO4) and trimethyl phosphate (TMP) in a volume ratio of 7:3 as electrolyte, a three-electrode system is formed.

[0052] c): The working electrode, counter electrode, and reference electrode of p-benzoquinone were immersed in a mixed electrolyte of phosphoric acid and trimethyl phosphate in a volume ratio of 7:3 to form a three-electrode test system. Cyclic voltammetry was used for electrochemical testing. The scan rate was set to 3 mV / s, and the test voltage range was determined from 0 V to 1.0 V by the cyclic voltammetry curve. 3 to 5 consecutive scans were performed to complete the linear cyclic voltammetry test of the p-benzoquinone cathode.

[0053] Electrochemical testing

[0054] The electrochemical performance of the molybdenum trioxide proton battery anode material and the p-benzoquinone proton battery cathode material in Example 1 was tested using an electrochemical workstation. The specific methods are as follows:

[0055] Charge-discharge performance of the three electrodes: p-benzoquinone positive electrode and MoO3 negative electrode.

[0056] (1) Constant current charge and discharge test of the three-electrode system of p-benzoquinone cathode material was performed on a Blue Electric charge and discharge tester using a three-electrode battery. The working potential range was 0 V to 1 V, the working temperature was 25 ℃, and the battery was charged at 5 A g. -1 After being charged and discharged at a current density of [current density], and cyclically charged and discharged for 10,000 cycles, the capacity retention rate reached 84.4%. Figure 2 As shown.

[0057] (2) Constant current charge-discharge of the three-electrode system of MoO3 anode material was performed using a Blue Electric charge-discharge instrument with a three-electrode battery. The working potential range was -0.5 V to 0.5 V, the working temperature was 25 ℃, and the battery was charged at 5 A g. -1 After being charged and discharged at a current density of [specific value], and cyclically charged and discharged for 10,000 cycles, the capacity retention rate reached 79.3%. Figure 3 As shown.

[0058] Wide-temperature-range high-performance aqueous organic-inorganic proton battery full-cell constant current charge-discharge performance test:

[0059] A high-performance aqueous organic-inorganic proton battery with a wide temperature range was constructed using molybdenum trioxide (MoO3) as the anode material and p-benzoquinone (BQ) as the cathode material. A mixed solution of 6M phosphoric acid (H3PO4) and trimethyl phosphate (TMP) at a volume ratio of 7:3 was used as the electrolyte. The proton battery was tested on a Blue Electric charge-discharge meter. The operating potential range was 0.1 V–1.5 V, the operating temperature was 25 °C, and the battery operated at a charge-discharge rate of 5 A g. -1 The current density was used for charging and discharging, and the cycle was 50,000 times.

[0060] Electrochemical performance testing of organic-inorganic proton batteries in water systems over a wide temperature range:

[0061] (1) The proton battery prepared in Example 1 was subjected to charge-discharge tests on a Blue Electric charge-discharge instrument. The working potential range was 0.1 V-1.5 V, and the working temperatures were 25 ℃, -20 ℃, -30 ℃, and -40 ℃, respectively. The battery was charged at 2 A·g -1 The current density was used for charging and discharging, and the results were as follows: Figure 4As shown, the battery capacity calculated based on the amount of active material in the working electrode is 160 mAh·g. -1 140 mAh·g -1 120 mAh·g -1 100 mAh·g -1 This indicates that even at temperatures as low as -40°C, this aqueous proton battery still exhibits a capacity of up to 100 mAh·g. -1 The specific discharge capacity.

[0062] (2) The proton battery prepared in Example 1 was subjected to charge-discharge tests on a Blue Electric charge-discharge instrument. The operating potential range was 0.1 V-1.5 V, and the operating temperatures were 50 ℃, 60 ℃, 70 ℃, and 80 ℃, respectively. The battery was charged at 2 A·g -1 The current density was used for charging and discharging, and the results were as follows: Figure 5 As shown, the battery capacity calculated based on the amount of active material in the working electrode is 220 mAh·g. -1 250 mAh·g -1 300 mAh·g -1 280 mAh·g -1 This indicates that even at temperatures as high as 80°C, this aqueous proton battery still possesses a capacity of up to 280 mAh·g. -1 The specific discharge capacity.

[0063] In summary, this invention uses p-benzoquinone as the positive electrode active material and molybdenum trioxide as the negative electrode active material, combined with a composite electrolyte composed of 6M phosphoric acid and trimethyl phosphate in a volume ratio of 7:3. Leveraging the high proton storage activity of p-benzoquinone, the excellent proton intercalation / deintercalation performance and structural stability of molybdenum trioxide, and the high ionic conductivity, low volatility, and good electrode compatibility of this composite electrolyte over a wide temperature range, the discharge capacity, rate performance, and cycle life of the battery are significantly improved. This results in a simple, high-performance, and highly adaptable aqueous proton battery that meets the application requirements of energy storage devices in extreme temperature environments.

[0064] The descriptions and practices disclosed in this invention are readily apparent and understandable to those skilled in the art, and various modifications and refinements can be made without departing from the principles of this invention. Therefore, any modifications or improvements made without departing from the spirit of this invention should also be considered within the scope of protection of this invention.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a wide-temperature-range high-performance aqueous organic-inorganic proton battery, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: Preparation of molybdenum trioxide proton battery anode material: a) The negative electrode material is weighed according to the mass ratio of molybdenum trioxide (MoO3): conductive agent: binder = 6:3:1; MoO3 and conductive agent are thoroughly ground and mixed, binder is added, and then alcohol reagent is added to form uniform spherical material; uniform self-supporting film is made by rolling film, and vacuum dried at about 60℃ for more than 12 hours; after drying, the required size is cut and the corresponding mass is weighed, and the film is pressed and laminated onto the surface of titanium mesh current collector to obtain MoO3 negative electrode; b) Using AgCl electrode as reference electrode, AC activated carbon as counter electrode, MoO3 as working electrode, and a mixed solution of 6 M phosphate H3PO4 and trimethyl phosphate TMP in a volume ratio of 7:3 as electrolyte, a three-electrode system is formed. c) The three-electrode system was charged and discharged at constant current. The resulting MoO3 was washed with deionized water and then dried in a vacuum oven at 60°C for 2 h to obtain the negative electrode sheet, i.e., the negative electrode material of molybdenum trioxide proton battery. Step 2, Preparation of p-benzoquinone proton battery cathode material: a) The positive electrode material is weighed according to the mass ratio of p-benzoquinone BQ: conductive agent: binder = 6:3:1; p-benzoquinone and conductive agent are thoroughly ground and mixed evenly, binder is added, and then alcohol reagent is added to form uniform spherical material; uniform self-supporting membrane is made by rolling, and vacuum dried at about 60 ℃ for more than 12 h; after drying, the required size is cut and the corresponding mass is weighed, and the membrane is pressed and laminated onto the surface of titanium mesh current collector to obtain p-benzoquinone positive electrode; b) Using AgCl electrode as reference electrode, AC activated carbon as counter electrode, p-benzoquinone as working electrode, and a mixed solution of 6 M phosphate H3PO4 and trimethyl phosphate TMP in a volume ratio of 7:3 as electrolyte, a three-electrode system is formed. c) The three-electrode system was charged and discharged at constant current. The resulting p-benzoquinone electrode was washed with deionized water and then dried in a vacuum oven at 60 °C for 2 h to obtain the positive electrode sheet, i.e., the p-benzoquinone proton battery positive electrode material. Step 3: Using MoO3 proton battery anode material as the anode and p-benzoquinone proton battery cathode material as the cathode, and using a mixed solution of 6 M phosphate H3PO4 and trimethyl phosphate TMP at a volume ratio of 7:3 as the electrolyte, a wide-temperature-range high-performance aqueous organic-inorganic proton battery is constructed.

2. The preparation method of the wide-temperature-range high-performance aqueous organic-inorganic proton battery according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step 1, the activated carbon electrode is prepared by mixing activated carbon, acetylene black and polytetrafluoroethylene in a mass ratio of 7:2:1, rolling it into a film, drying it, weighing the corresponding mass, pressing it into a sheet and then bonding it to a titanium mesh current collector.

3. The preparation method of the wide-temperature-range high-performance aqueous organic-inorganic proton battery according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step 1, the conductive agent is one or more of the following: Ketjen black, activated carbon, mesoporous carbon, graphene, carbon nanotubes, carbon fiber, acetylene black, and carbon black.

4. The preparation method of the wide-temperature-range high-performance aqueous organic-inorganic proton battery according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step 1, the alcohol reagent is one or more of ethanol, 1-propanol, 2-propanol, 1-butanol, 2-butanol, isobutanol, and tert-butanol.

5. The preparation method of the wide-temperature-range high-performance aqueous organic-inorganic proton battery according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step 1, the current collector is a solid mesh with high electronic conductivity, and the solid mesh is one or more of the following: conductive graphite mesh, titanium mesh, nickel mesh, molybdenum mesh, copper mesh, aluminum mesh, and stainless steel mesh.

6. The method for preparing a wide-temperature-range high-performance aqueous organic-inorganic proton battery according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step 1, the adhesive is one or more of polytetrafluoroethylene, polyvinylidene fluoride, polyolefin, polyvinyl alcohol, and styrene-butadiene rubber.

7. The method for preparing a wide-temperature-range high-performance aqueous organic-inorganic proton battery according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step 3, the preparation steps of the electrolyte include: first adding a portion of water according to the proportion, then adding trimethyl phosphate, and finally adding phosphoric acid, mixing evenly, and then performing ultrasonic treatment.

8. A wide-temperature-range high-performance aqueous organic-inorganic proton battery obtained by the preparation method according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, The operating temperature of the wide-temperature-range high-performance aqueous organic-inorganic proton battery is -40 ℃ to 80 ℃.

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