Apparatus with antenna array

Abstract

This disclosure provides an apparatus having an antenna array. The apparatus includes: a transmitting antenna array including a plurality of transmitting antenna array elements; a receiving antenna array including a plurality of receiving antenna array elements; a suppressing antenna array including a plurality of suppressing antenna array elements; and a signal generator configured to generate a suppressing antenna array element drive signal for the suppressing antenna array elements, so that the suppressing antenna array elements generate a compensating electromagnetic field, thereby reducing interference received by the plurality of receiving antenna array elements from the plurality of transmitting antenna array elements.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] Various example embodiments relate to an apparatus having an antenna array. Background Technology

[0002] Devices with antenna arrays for use in, for example, wireless telecommunications networks are known. Despite the existence of such devices, they may have drawbacks. Therefore, an improved device is desired. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The scope of protection sought by the various exemplary embodiments of the present invention is defined by the independent claims. Exemplary embodiments and features (if any) described in this specification but not falling within the scope of the independent claims should be interpreted as examples that aid in understanding the various embodiments of the invention.

[0004] According to various (but not all) exemplary embodiments of the present invention, an apparatus is provided comprising: a transmitting antenna array including a plurality of transmitting antenna array elements; a receiving antenna array including a plurality of receiving antenna array elements; a suppressing antenna array including a plurality of suppressing antenna array elements; and a signal generator configured to generate suppressing antenna array element drive signals for the suppressing antenna array elements, such that the suppressing antenna array elements generate compensating electromagnetic fields, thereby reducing interference received by the plurality of receiving antenna array elements from the plurality of transmitting antenna array elements.

[0005] According to various (but not all) exemplary embodiments of the present invention, a method is provided comprising: generating suppression antenna array element drive signals for a plurality of suppression antenna array elements of a suppression antenna array of an apparatus to generate a compensating electromagnetic field thereby reducing interference received by a plurality of receiving antenna array elements from a plurality of transmitting antenna array elements, the apparatus comprising: a transmitting antenna array, a receiving antenna array, and a plurality of suppression antenna array elements, the transmitting antenna array comprising a plurality of transmitting antenna array elements, and the receiving antenna array comprising a plurality of receiving antenna array elements.

[0006] According to various (but not all) exemplary embodiments of the present invention, a computer program is provided, including instructions stored thereon for performing at least the following operations: generating suppression antenna array element drive signals for a plurality of suppression antenna array elements of a device to generate a compensating electromagnetic field, thereby reducing interference received by a plurality of receiving antenna array elements from a plurality of transmitting antenna array elements. The device includes: a transmitting antenna array, a receiving antenna array, and a plurality of suppression antenna array elements, the transmitting antenna array including a plurality of transmitting antenna array elements, and the receiving antenna array including a plurality of receiving antenna array elements.

[0007] According to various (but not all) exemplary embodiments of the present invention, a non-transient computer-readable medium is provided, including program instructions stored thereon for performing at least the following operations: generating suppression antenna array element drive signals for a plurality of suppression antenna array elements of a device to generate a compensating electromagnetic field, thereby reducing interference received by a plurality of receiving antenna array elements from a plurality of transmitting antenna array elements, the device comprising: a transmitting antenna array, a receiving antenna array, and a plurality of suppression antenna array elements, the transmitting antenna array comprising a plurality of transmitting antenna array elements, and the receiving antenna array comprising a plurality of receiving antenna array elements.

[0008] Further specific and preferred aspects are set forth in the appended independent and dependent claims. Features of the dependent claims may be combined with features of the independent claims as appropriate, and may be combined in ways not expressly specified in the claims.

[0009] When describing a device feature as operable to provide a certain function, it should be understood that this includes device features that provide that function, or device features adapted or configured to provide that function. Attached Figure Description

[0010] Some exemplary embodiments will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0011] Figure 1 The empirical cumulative distribution function (CDF) of self-interference power is shown at the most affected RX antenna element with and without beam nulling.

[0012] Figure 2 The empirical CDF of the square of the L2 norm of the difference between the original beamforming vector and the transformed beamforming vector is shown.

[0013] Figure 3 Antenna configuration 1 according to an example embodiment is shown;

[0014] Figure 4 Antenna configuration 2 according to an example embodiment is shown;

[0015] Figure 5 Antenna configuration 3 is shown according to an example embodiment;

[0016] Figure 6 An antenna configuration combined with a notch filter is shown according to an example embodiment;

[0017] Figure 7 An antenna configuration according to an example embodiment is shown;

[0018] Figure 8 An antenna configuration according to an example embodiment is shown;

[0019] Figure 9 An antenna configuration according to an example embodiment is shown;

[0020] Figure 10 An antenna configuration according to an example embodiment is shown;

[0021] Figure 11 An antenna configuration according to an example embodiment is shown;

[0022] Figure 12 The front end for driving an antenna is schematically shown according to an example embodiment;

[0023] Figure 13 The azimuth and elevation angles of the 169 beamforming vectors used in the simulation are shown;

[0024] Figure 14 An example of mesh generation used by the Method of Moments (MoM) solver is shown;

[0025] Figure 15 The empirical CDF of interference power at the most affected antenna element is shown for antenna configuration 1 and reference antenna configuration with different beamforming vectors;

[0026] Figure 16 An empirical CDF of distortion for different beamforming vectors for antenna configuration 1 is shown;

[0027] Figure 17 An empirical CDF of the relative power of the suppression array for different beamforming vectors for antenna configuration 1 is shown;

[0028] Figure 18 The norm of the Poynting vector for antenna configuration 1 when the suppression array is off is shown;

[0029] Figure 19 The norm of the Poynting vector for antenna configuration 1 when the suppression array is on is shown;

[0030] Figure 20 The empirical CDF of interference power at the most affected antenna element is shown for antenna configuration 2 and reference antenna configuration with different beamforming vectors;

[0031] Figure 21 An empirical CDF of distortion for different beamforming vectors for antenna configuration 2 is shown;

[0032] Figure 22 An empirical CDF of the relative power of the suppression array for different beamforming vectors of antenna configuration 2 is shown;

[0033] Figure 23 The empirical CDF of interference power at the most affected antenna element is shown for antenna configuration 3 and reference antenna configuration with different beamforming vectors;

[0034] Figure 24 An empirical CDF of distortion for different beamforming vectors for antenna configuration 3 is shown;

[0035] Figure 25 An empirical CDF of the relative power of the suppression array for different beamforming vectors of antenna configuration 3 is shown;

[0036] Figure 26 An empirical CDF of distortion for different beamforming vectors for antenna configuration 3 with an additional 10 dB of isolation is shown;

[0037] Figure 27 An empirical CDF of relative power for the suppression array with different beamforming vectors for antenna configuration 3 with an additional 10 dB isolation is shown;

[0038] Figure 28 Antenna configuration 4 is shown according to an example embodiment;

[0039] Figure 29 Antenna configuration 5 is shown according to an example embodiment;

[0040] Figure 30 Antenna configuration 6 is shown according to an example embodiment;

[0041] Figure 31 This is a flowchart illustrating a method according to an example embodiment; and

[0042] Figure 32 An example arrangement of antenna configurations is shown. Detailed Implementation

[0043] Before discussing the exemplary embodiments in more detail, an overview will first be provided. Some exemplary embodiments provide an apparatus including a suppression antenna array that generates a compensating, canceling, or offset electromagnetic field that reduces or eliminates interference or signal power transmitted from a transmitting antenna array and received by a receiving antenna array. The suppression antenna array typically includes several suppression antenna array elements, which may be located at various locations to provide a compensating electromagnetic field that reduces or eliminates interference or signal power transmitted from a transmitting antenna array and received by the receiving antenna array. Typically, these suppression antenna array elements may be located at a distance from the transmitting antenna array elements. For example, the suppression antenna array elements may be located between the transmitting and receiving antenna arrays. Similarly, the suppression antenna array elements may be located close to, adjacent to, or co-located with the receiving antenna array elements. Typically, the suppression antenna array generates its offset electromagnetic field in its near-field region, which reduces or eliminates interference or signal power transmitted from the transmitting antenna array and received by the receiving antenna array, and cannot be radiated effectively or efficiently in the far-field region. Typically, the modulated data symbols used to generate the signal transmitted by the transmitting antenna array are used to generate the signal supplied to the suppressor antenna array when generating the compensating electromagnetic field. These signals are usually generated by applying a weight vector to the modulated data symbols used to generate the signal transmitted by the transmitting antenna array. The weight vector can be determined in a variety of different ways. The suppressor antenna array can be positioned in various locations and can employ other passive techniques to improve interference suppression. This device can be provided as part of network node equipment, such as infrastructure equipment, base stations, remote radio heads (RRHs), infrastructure nodes, routers, user equipment, etc. Subband non-overlapping full-duplex (SBFD)

[0044] SBFD is a duplexing scheme based on Time Division Duplex (TDD). In conventional TDD, transmission is only permitted in either the downlink (DL) or uplink (UL) direction during a time slot (or a portion of a time slot). In SBFD, transmission is permitted in both directions during a time slot, typically using different frequency subbands or subchannels. Similar to TDD, SBFD uses a single frequency channel. UL and DL transmissions occur on two or more temporarily or permanently allocated frequency subchannels. For example, a DL time slot can use all frequency subbands or subchannels, and an SBFD time slot can use multiple frequency subbands or subchannels for DL, with the remainder used for UL (and guard bands), and the UL time slot can use all frequency subbands or subchannels. The primary purpose of SBFD is to improve coverage and reduce latency. Improved coverage is expected because the User Equipment (UE) has more uplink transmission opportunities (in terms of time) and therefore can use more energy for uplink transmissions. Improved latency is expected because UL transmission opportunities occur more frequently.

[0045] Base station (gNB) self-interference is a factor affecting SBFD, thus posing a challenge to its implementation. To ensure UL reception is possible, the gNB receiver should be protected (isolated) from the transmit signals in the gNB's own DL.

[0046] Beam nulling is used to improve DL-UL isolation in SBFD. It can provide up to 20 dB of additional isolation, but at the cost of a 1 dB loss of equivalent isotropic radiated power (EIRP). For example, an antenna configuration could have 32 cross-polarized antenna elements at the transmit (TX) antenna array and the same number of antenna elements at the receive (RX) antenna array, with a spacing of 4λ between the TX and RX arrays. Figure 1 As shown, the beam nulling method provides an additional 18 dB of isolation for this antenna configuration.

[0047] However, this method may not be suitable for multi-stream DL transmission. The problem is that multi-stream transmission relies on the orthogonality of beamforming vectors applied to different streams. Beam nulling methods transform the initially orthogonal beamforming vectors to create nulls at the RX antenna array elements. The new beamforming vectors obtained through this transformation lose orthogonality. The square of the L2 norm of the difference between the original and transformed beamforming vectors is used to determine the orthogonality. Figure 2As can be seen, this norm is approximately -7dB in the worst case, and less than -16dB for 50% of the vectors. This may be insufficient to maintain adequate orthogonality for multi-stream transmission. Furthermore, beam nulling alone cannot provide the required total isolation, which is in the 85-100dB range. It can serve as a supplementary measure, providing up to 20dB of isolation (considering the case where the number of RX and TX antenna array elements is equal). Self-interference suppression

[0048] Some example embodiments provide a self-interference suppression technique that offers higher isolation than beam nulling and avoids the aforementioned orthogonality drawbacks. Specifically, some example embodiments provide a self-interference suppression technique for SBFD. In some example embodiments, an antenna array is provided, typically employing a conventional SBFD antenna configuration to provide TX and RX antenna arrays, and a low-power TX antenna array specifically designed to suppress self-interference is provided. The purpose of the suppression array is to generate an electromagnetic field that is superimposed on the electromagnetic field generated by the TX antenna array, thereby providing a null at the RX antenna array elements. In other words, the suppression antenna array suppresses self-interference by generating a “compensating” electromagnetic field. The two electromagnetic signals received by the RX antenna array, derived from the “compensating” electromagnetic field and the electromagnetic field generated by the TX antenna array, are combined to provide a null and reduce self-interference. The suppression array can be implemented in various ways as described below. Example antenna configuration

[0049] Figure 3 One implementation is shown in which the suppression array is divided into two subarrays, 10A1 and 10A2. One subarray is located at the upper edge of the RX antenna array 20A, and the other is located at the lower edge. Figure 4 One implementation is shown in which the antenna elements of the suppression antenna array 10B are arranged alternately with the antenna elements of the RX antenna array 20B. Figure 5 One implementation is shown in which the antenna elements of the suppression array 10C are located in front of the antenna elements of the RX antenna array 20C. Figure 6 A passive suppression antenna array 30D is shown located between the TX antenna array 40D and the RX antenna array 20D. This passive suppression antenna array can be implemented in the form of, for example, a notch filter or a shield. It can reduce the radiated power required for the suppression array and reduce distortion of the original DL beamforming vector. Figure 7One implementation is shown in which a low-power suppression antenna array 10E is positioned between a TX antenna array 40E and an RX antenna array 20E. Since the suppression antenna array 10E operates in the near field, the dimensions of the suppression antenna array elements, the distance between elements, and the overall dimension of the array can be reduced relative to the corresponding dimensions of the TX array. The shape factor of the suppression array can vary depending on the implementation. Figure 8 An implementation is shown in which a low-power suppression antenna array 10F with different form factors is located between the TX antenna array 40F and the RX antenna array 20F. Figure 9 One implementation is shown in which the suppression antenna elements of the suppression antenna array 10G are located on a structure providing the main TX antenna array 40G. Similarly, although Figure 9 Not shown in the diagram, but the suppression TX element can also be located on the structure providing the main RX antenna array 20G. If a radio frequency (RF) chain on the receiver side is connected to two or more RX antenna elements, the suppression antenna array can have fewer antenna elements than the main TX / RX antenna array. For example, Figure 10 An antenna configuration is shown where one RF chain connects to four RX antenna elements. In other words, the main RX (and TX) antenna array has four subarrays. In this case, a smaller suppression antenna array consisting of only four antenna elements is sufficient for self-interference suppression. Figure 11 One implementation is shown in which a notch filter 30I is located between the TX antenna array 40I and the suppression antenna array 10I. This notch filter can reduce the radiated power required by the suppression array and reduce distortion of the original DL beamforming vector. The suppression antenna array described above can be combined with other isolation methods. Although the example embodiments mentioned above provide suppression antenna elements located on the structure of the antenna array, it should be understood that in other example embodiments, the suppression antenna elements can be located on a separate structure adjacent to or close to the TX and / or RX antenna elements. This separate structure can be attached to the TX and / or RX antenna elements or placed near the TX and / or RX antenna elements. Suppressing Antenna Array – Signal Generation

[0050] The suppression antenna array is connected to both the analog and digital chains, similar to the main TX antenna array. To generate a compensating electromagnetic field, it transmits the same data but applies special beamforming or weighting vectors.

[0051] Two methods for calculating compensated beamforming or weighting vectors are provided. Method 1 provides higher self-interference suppression, but it is suitable for a more limited range of antenna configurations. Method 2 provides lower self-interference suppression, but it is suitable for a wider range of antenna configurations and requires less power for the suppression array.

[0052] Figure 12An example embodiment comprising three antenna arrays is schematically illustrated: a TX array, an RX array, and a suppressed TX array. The TX array and the suppressed TX array are connected to similar but separate analog RF blocks, which include a digital-to-analog converter (DAC), an RF filter (≈), a mixer (⊗), a local oscillator (LO), and a power amplifier (PA). Each analog RF block is connected to a digital front-end block, which includes an inverse fast Fourier transform (iFFT), a cyclic prefix addition block (CP), a digital upconverter (DUC), a peak factor reduction block (CFR), and a digital predistortion block (DPD). In some implementations, the DPD can be omitted from the suppressed digital front-end because the suppressed TX array radiates lower power.

[0053] Due to the use of traditional implementation, each baseband processing block includes an additional function block: a beamforming vector transformation block for single-stream (or a beamforming matrix transformation block for multi-stream (such as single-user multiple-input multiple-output (SU-MIMO) or multiple-user multiple-input multiple-output (MU-MIMO)) denoted as w→W and w→W. s The beamforming vector transformation block calculates the beamforming vector or weight vector W and W' using method 1 or method 2 described below. s Method 1 does not change w: W = w, and therefore, if this method is used, the w→W block can be omitted. The output of the beamforming vector transform block is connected to the input of the beamforming block (BF), which is no different from the conventional implementation. Another input to the BF block is the modulated data symbols s (s is a scalar for single-stream and a data symbol vector for multi-stream). This input is the same in the TX chain and the suppressed TX chain. The remaining blocks in the TX and suppressed TX baseband processing are no different from the conventional implementation, and Figure 12 Not shown in the image.

[0054] Assuming that the beamforming vector applied to the TX array changes as little as possible, or not at all, and that self-interference suppression is achieved by applying appropriate beamforming or weighting vectors to the suppression array. Furthermore, for ease of understanding, both methods are presented in their simplest form, ignoring noise.

[0055] Method 1 calculates the beamforming vector applied to the suppression array without modifying the beamforming vector applied to the TX array. Method 2 calculates the beamforming vector applied to the suppression array and slightly modifies the beamforming vector applied to the TX array.

[0056] Method 1

[0057] Method 1 calculates the beamforming weights used for the suppression array according to formula (1): (1)

[0058] It is the beamforming vector applied to the suppression array.

[0059] It is the number of antenna array elements in the suppression array.

[0060] It is the covariance matrix of the channel between the suppression array and the RX array.

[0061] It is the beamforming vector applied to the TX array.

[0062] It is the number of antenna array elements in the TX array.

[0063] covariance matrix Given by formula (2):

[0064] (2)

[0065] Indicates Hermitian transpose.

[0066] It is the channel matrix of the channel between the suppression array and the RX array:

[0067] (3)

[0068] It is the channel between the l-th antenna array element of the suppression array and the m-th array antenna element of the RX array.

[0069] It is the number of antenna array elements in the RX array.

[0070] The covariance matrix C is given by formula (4): (4)

[0071] (...) H Indicates Hermitian transpose.

[0072] It is the channel matrix representing the self-interference channel between the TX and RX antenna arrays.

[0073] Matrix H is given by formula (5): (5)

[0074] It is the channel between the l-th antenna array element of the TX array and the m-th array antenna element of the RX array.

[0075] In another implementation, the covariance matrix in equation (1) can be replaced by the channel matrix, see equation (6): (6) Method 2

[0076] Method 2 calculates the beamforming vector according to formula (7). (7)

[0077] It is a concatenation of two beamforming vectors: w and : (8)

[0078] w is the beamforming vector applied to the TX array and is defined thereon; while It is the beamforming vector applied to the suppression array. It can be initialized as a zero vector: =0, or initialize using formula (1).

[0079] Yes The vector obtained after transformation: (9)

[0080] It is the transformed beamforming vector applied to the suppression array.

[0081] It is the transformed beamforming vector applied to the TX array.

[0082] It is a power of the matrix polynomial and a design parameter.

[0083] covariance matrix Given by formula (10): (10)

[0084] It consists of two matrices H and Cascade: (11) Simulation results

[0085] To evaluate the performance of the method, the interference gain vector is calculated. (Formula (12)) and (Formula (13)). Each element of this vector is the interference gain value at one antenna array element in the RX array. (12) (13)

[0086] The performance of the method is evaluated using the interference gain power at the antenna array element most affected (calculated using formulas (14) and (15)). (14) (15)

[0087] Another criterion for performance evaluation is the difference between the beamforming vectors before and after the transformation. The square of the norm. Obviously, it is desirable for the norm to be as small as possible. For the conventional beam nulling technique, the norm is calculated according to formula (16); while for methods 1 and 2, it is calculated according to formula (17). (16) (17) Defined according to formula (8). In formula (17), In It is a zero vector, meaning it is compared to the case where the suppression array is off.

[0088] Another criterion for evaluating the proposed method is the ratio of the suppressed array radiated power to the total emitted power. This ratio can be calculated according to formula (18): (18)

[0089] The interference power at the most affected antenna array element, the distortion of the transformed beamforming vector, and the ratio of suppressed array radiated power to total transmitted power all depend on the beamforming vector w applied to the main TX antenna array. To account for these factors, simulations were performed on 169 beamforming vectors providing different beam directions. Figure 13 The azimuth and elevation angles corresponding to each beamforming vector in the set are shown.

[0090] The antenna configuration used in the simulation has 16 cross-polarized antenna elements at the TX array and the same number of antenna elements at the RX array. Each antenna array element is simulated as two orthogonal dipoles of length 0.5λ, where λ is the wavelength. The distance between the antenna array elements is 0.5λ in both the horizontal and vertical directions. The distance between the TX and RX antenna arrays is 4λ. The simulation was performed using an electromagnetic (EM) simulator and a method of moments (MoM) solver. Figure 14 An example of mesh generation used by the MoM solver is shown in the figure. Antenna Configuration 1 ( Figure 3 )

[0091] exist Figure 3 In the antenna configuration 1 shown, the suppression array is divided into two subarrays. One subarray 10A1 is located at the upper edge of the RX antenna array 20A, while the other subarray 10A2 is located at the lower edge. Each subarray has eight cross-polarized antenna elements. The length of each dipole and the horizontal spacing between the elements are half the length of the RX antenna array 20A, equal to 0.25λ.

[0092] Figure 15 The empirical cumulative distribution function (CDF) of interference power at the most affected antenna array element is shown for two scenarios: suppression array off (“unsuppressed” curve) and suppression array on (“suppressed” curve). The achieved suppression is approximately the same as that of “conventional” beam nulling (see [reference]). Figure 1 However, the distortion of the original beamforming vector w is about 10 dB less than that of a "conventional" beam nulled (compare). Figure 16 and Figure 2 Although the size of this antenna array is not optimal, in the worst case, the power of the suppression array is only -17 dB of the total power (see...). Figure 17 ). Figure 18 and Figure 19 The electromagnetic fields are shown when the suppression array for antenna configuration 1 is off and on. The horizontal axis in these figures corresponds to... Figure 3 The z-axis and y-axis are shown in the figure. The y-axis represents the Poynting vector norm of the electromagnetic field. Figure 19 The peaks generated by the suppression array are clearly shown, and these peaks are... Figure 18 It does not exist in, and it suppresses... Figure 16 The small peaks visible in the figures correspond to the RX antenna array elements. The larger upper peaks in both figures are generated by the main TX antenna array. Antenna configuration 2 ( Figure 4 )

[0093] exist Figure 4 In the antenna configuration 2 shown, the antenna elements of the suppression antenna array 10B are arranged alternately with the antenna array elements of the RX antenna array 20B. The length of each dipole of the antenna element in the suppression antenna array 10B is 0.25λ, while the horizontal and vertical spacing between the elements is 0.5λ. Figure 20 The diagram shows the interference power at the antenna element most affected for antenna configuration 2. Figure 20 Two empirical CDF curves are shown: one for method 2 and the other for the unsuppressed case. These curves show that method 2 provides an additional isolation of more than 30 dB. Figure 20The interference power for Method 1 is not shown because in the idealized simulation, this method completely eliminates self-interference, and these simulations do not take into account non-ideal factors such as self-interference channel matrix estimation and TX noise. Figure 21 An empirical CDF is shown for the distortion of the beamforming vector for Method 2. Figure 21 This shows that, in the worst case, this distortion is less than -17 dB. The distortion for the beamforming vector of Method 1 is zero, and therefore not in... Figure 21 It is shown in the image. Figure 22 Empirical CDFs of relative power for suppression arrays with different beamforming vectors are shown. One is for method 1, and the other is for method 2. In the worst case, the power of the suppression array for method 1 is -9 dB of the total power, and the power for method 2 is -14 dB of the total power. Antenna configuration 3 ( Figure 5 )

[0094] Figure 5 Antenna configuration 3 is shown. The antenna elements of the suppression antenna array 10C are located in front of the antenna elements of the RX antenna array 20C. The size of each dipole in the suppression antenna array is 0.25λ. Even using method 2, this antenna configuration can almost completely eliminate self-interference, see [link to documentation]. Figure 23 The distortion of the beamforming vector is less than -15 dB (see [reference]). Figure 24 ), and the power of the suppression array is less than -13dB of the total power (see Figure 25 ). Antenna configuration with additional isolation 3

[0095] like Figure 6 As shown, it is beneficial to provide additional isolation by introducing, for example, a passive antenna array 30D between the TX antenna array 40D and the RX antenna array 20D. The simulation of antenna configuration 3 assumes that the passive antenna array provides 10dB of additional isolation. Under this assumption, the distortion of the beamforming vector is reduced by ~15dB. Figure 26 ), and the power of the suppression array was reduced by ~7dB ( Figure 27 ). Antenna configuration 4 ( Figure 28 )

[0096] Figure 28An antenna configuration is shown, wherein there are 32 cross-polarized antenna array elements at the TX antenna array 40J and the same number of antenna array elements at the RX antenna array 20J, with a spacing of 4λ between the TX and RX antenna arrays. A suppression antenna array 10J is located between the TX antenna array 40J and the RX antenna array 20J. It also includes 32 cross-polarized antenna array elements. The length of each dipole and the horizontal and vertical spacing between elements are half that of the main antenna array, i.e., 0.25λ, where λ is the wavelength. Antenna configuration 5 ( Figure 29 )

[0097] Figure 29 Antenna configuration 5 is shown. It is similar to antenna configuration 4, but the spacing between the TX antenna array 40K and the RX antenna array 20K is reduced to 1.0λ. Antenna configuration 6 ( Figure 30 )

[0098] Figure 30 Antenna configuration 6 is shown. Unlike antenna configurations 4 and 5, the suppression antenna array 10L has 4 rows and 4 columns of antenna elements. The spacing between the TX antenna array 40L and the RX antenna array 20L is equal to 1.5λ. efficiency

[0099] To reduce the dimensionality and weight of the antenna array, the size of the antenna elements in a suppression antenna array can be reduced relative to the optimal size. This results in an efficiency loss for the suppression antenna elements. For example, for a dipole with a size reduced to 0.25λ, this loss is approximately 10⁻¹¹.6 dB. However, this may not be a problem because, in the worst-case beam direction, the radiated power of the suppression array accounts for 1% to 10% of the total radiated power, depending on the antenna configuration (see [link to relevant documentation]). Figure 17 , Figure 22 , Figure 25 , Figure 27 Therefore, the power required for TX suppression of the RF PA is approximately 5-50% of the total power (main TX RF PA power + suppression TX RF PA power).

[0100] Figure 31 A method according to an example embodiment is shown. In step S10, a suppression signal and a transmit antenna array signal are generated, as described above. In step S20, the transmit antenna array signal is provided to the transmit antenna array, which generates a transmit electromagnetic field; simultaneously, a suppression signal is provided to the suppression antenna array, which generates a compensation electromagnetic field, thereby reducing interference from the transmit electromagnetic field received by the receive antenna array.

[0101] Figure 32An example deployment of the antenna configuration described above is illustrated. In one example embodiment, a base station (such as gNB 200) generates a signal for an antenna array 210 deployed on tower 220. In one example embodiment, gNB 200 is coupled to antenna array 210 via a remote radio head 230.

[0102] Some example implementations offer high suppression capability, low beamforming vector distortion (suitable for MU-MIMO), and are easier to implement than analog RF suppression methods, but require additional hardware.

[0103] Those skilled in the art will recognize that the steps of the various methods described above can be performed by a programmed computer. In this document, some embodiments are also intended to cover program storage devices, such as digital data storage media, which are machine- or computer-readable and encode machine-executable or computer-executable instructions, said instructions performing some or all of the steps of the methods described above. Program storage devices can be, for example, digital memories, magnetic storage media (such as disks and magnetic tapes), hard disk drives, or optically readable digital data storage media. These embodiments are also intended to cover computers programmed to perform the steps of the methods described above. The term "non-transient" as used herein refers to a limitation on the medium itself (i.e., tangible, not tactile), rather than a limitation on the persistence of data storage (e.g., RAM and ROM).

[0104] As used in this application, the term "circuit system" may refer to one or more of the following:

[0105] (a) Pure hardware circuit implementation (such as implementation of analog and / or digital circuit systems only); and

[0106] (b) A combination of hardware circuitry and software, such as (if applicable): (i) A combination of (multiple) analog and / or digital hardware circuits with software / firmware; and (ii) Any part of (multiple) hardware processors and software (including (multiple) digital signal processors), software, and (multiple) memories, which work together to enable a device such as a mobile phone or server to perform various functions; and

[0107] (c) A hardware circuit and / or processor, such as a microprocessor or part of a microprocessor, that requires software (e.g. firmware) to operate, but which may not be present when the operation does not require such software.

[0108] This definition of circuit system applies to all uses of the term in this application, including all uses in any claim. As a further example, as used herein, the term circuit system also covers only hardware circuitry or a processor (or processors) or a portion thereof and its accompanying software and / or firmware implementation. For example, and where applicable to specific claim elements, the term circuit system also covers baseband integrated circuits or processor integrated circuits for mobile devices, or similar integrated circuits in servers, cellular network devices, or other computing or network devices.

[0109] As used herein, “at least one of the following: a list of two or more elements” and “at least one of the following: a list of two or more elements” and similar expressions (where the list of two or more elements is connected by “and” or “or”) mean at least any one element, or at least any two or more elements, or at least all elements.

[0110] The order of the steps described above is not crucial or fixed, and the specific order of the steps can be changed as needed.

[0111] Although exemplary embodiments of the invention have been described with reference to various examples in the preceding paragraphs, it should be understood that modifications may be made to the given examples without departing from the scope of the invention as claimed.

[0112] The features described above can be used in combinations other than those explicitly described.

[0113] Although functions have been described with reference to certain features, these functions can also be performed by other features, whether or not those features have been described.

[0114] Although features have been described with reference to certain embodiments, these features may also exist in other embodiments, whether or not they have been described.

[0115] Although the foregoing description has sought to highlight those features considered particularly important in the invention, it should be understood that the applicant seeks protection for any patentable features or combinations thereof mentioned above and / or shown in the accompanying drawings, whether or not they have been specifically emphasized.

[0116] Other aspects and example embodiments will be described below.

[0117] An apparatus comprising: a transmitting antenna array including a plurality of transmitting antenna array elements; a receiving antenna array including a plurality of receiving antenna array elements; a suppressing antenna array including a plurality of suppressing antenna array elements; and a signal generator configured to generate a suppressing antenna array element drive signal to cause the suppressing antenna array elements to generate a compensating electromagnetic field, thereby reducing interference received by the plurality of receiving antenna array elements from the plurality of transmitting antenna array elements.

[0118] The signal generator can be configured to generate suppression antenna array element drive signals to reduce interference in the near field region.

[0119] The signal generator can be configured to generate transmit antenna array element drive signals provided to multiple transmit antenna array elements, and to generate suppress antenna array element drive signals from the modulated data signals used to generate the transmit antenna array element drive signals.

[0120] The signal generator can be configured to generate a suppressed antenna array element drive signal by applying a suppression weight vector to the modulated data signal used to generate the transmit antenna array element drive signal.

[0121] The signal generator can be configured to apply or not apply modifications to the weight vector to the modulated data signal used to generate the drive signal for the transmit antenna array element.

[0122] The signal generator can be configured to generate a suppressor antenna array element drive signal based on the interference channel matrix between the suppressor antenna array and the receiver antenna array, and to calculate a weight vector that, when applied to the suppressor antenna array, results in a compensating electromagnetic field that, when superimposed on the electromagnetic field generated by the transmitter antenna array, reduces self-interference at the receiver antenna array elements.

[0123] The signal generator can be configured to generate a suppression antenna array element drive signal based on the covariance matrix of the interference channel between the transmitting antenna array and the receiving antenna array, and to calculate a weight vector that, when applied to the suppression antenna array, results in a compensating electromagnetic field that, when superimposed on the electromagnetic field generated by the transmitting antenna array, reduces self-interference at the receiving antenna array element.

[0124] The signal generator can be configured to generate a suppression antenna array element drive signal based on the interference channel matrix between the suppression antenna array and the receiving antenna array, as well as the interference channel matrix between the transmitting antenna array and the receiving antenna array, and to calculate a weight vector that, when applied to the suppression antenna array, results in a compensating electromagnetic field. This compensating electromagnetic field, when superimposed with the electromagnetic field generated by the transmitting antenna array, reduces self-interference at the receiving antenna array element.

[0125] The signal generator can be configured to generate a suppressor antenna array element drive signal based on covariance matrices calculated from measurements of the interference channel between the suppressor antenna array and the receiver antenna array, and covariance matrices calculated from measurements of the interference channel between the transmitter antenna array and the receiver antenna array, and to calculate a weight vector that, when applied to the suppressor antenna array, results in a compensating electromagnetic field that, when superimposed with the electromagnetic field generated by the transmitter antenna array, reduces self-interference at the receiver antenna array elements.

[0126] The signal generator can be configured to generate a suppressor antenna array element drive signal based on the covariance matrix calculated from the interference channel matrix between the suppressor antenna array and the receiver antenna array, and the covariance matrix calculated from the interference channel matrix between the transmitter antenna array and the receiver antenna array, and to calculate a weight vector that, when applied to the suppressor antenna array, results in a compensating electromagnetic field that, when superimposed with the electromagnetic field generated by the transmitter antenna array, reduces self-interference at the receiver antenna array element.

[0127] The signal generator can be configured to generate a suppressor antenna array element drive signal based on the channel matrix between the suppressor antenna array and the receiver antenna array, and between the transmitter antenna array and the receiver antenna array, and to calculate a weight vector that, when partially applied to the suppressor antenna array and partially applied to the transmitter antenna array, causes the suppressor antenna array to generate a compensating electromagnetic field and the transmitter antenna array to generate a transmitting electromagnetic field. When these two electromagnetic fields are superimposed, self-interference at the receiver antenna array element is reduced.

[0128] The signal generator can be configured to generate a suppressor antenna array element drive signal based on a covariance matrix calculated from measurements of the channels between the suppressor antenna array and the receiver antenna array, and between the transmitter antenna array and the receiver antenna array. It also calculates a weight vector that, when partially applied to the suppressor antenna array and partially applied to the transmitter antenna array, causes the suppressor antenna array to generate a compensating electromagnetic field and the transmitter antenna array to generate a transmitting electromagnetic field. When these two electromagnetic fields are superimposed, self-interference at the receiver antenna array element is reduced.

[0129] The signal generator can be configured to generate a drive signal for the suppressed antenna array elements based on a covariance matrix calculated from the channel matrix between the suppressed antenna array and the receiving antenna array, and between the transmitting antenna array and the receiving antenna array. It also calculates a weight vector that, when partially applied to the suppressed antenna array and partially applied to the transmitting antenna array, causes the suppressed antenna array to generate a compensating electromagnetic field and the transmitting antenna array to generate a transmitting electromagnetic field. When these two electromagnetic fields are superimposed, self-interference at the receiving antenna array elements is reduced.

[0130] Suppressing the drive signal of an antenna array element can result in a lower power than the signal provided to multiple transmit antenna array elements.

[0131] The suppression antenna array element can be located at a certain distance away from the transmitting antenna array element.

[0132] The suppression antenna array element can be located between the transmitting antenna array and the receiving antenna array.

[0133] The suppression antenna array element can be located adjacent to or close to the receiving antenna array element.

[0134] The suppression antenna array unit can be co-located with the receiving antenna array unit.

[0135] The suppression antenna array element can be located on the receiving antenna array.

[0136] The suppression antenna array element can be located on the opposite edge of the receiving antenna array.

[0137] The suppression antenna array unit can be co-located with the receiving antenna array unit.

[0138] The suppression antenna array element can be arranged together with the receiving antenna array element.

[0139] Suppression antenna array elements can be inserted between receiving antenna array elements.

[0140] The suppression antenna array element can be located on the transmitting antenna array.

[0141] The suppression antenna array element can be located on the edge of the transmitting antenna array near the receiving antenna array.

[0142] The suppression antenna array element can be located far away from the transmitting antenna array and the receiving antenna array.

[0143] The suppression antenna array element can be located in the space between the transmitting antenna array and the receiving antenna array.

[0144] The spatial dimension between the transmitting antenna array and the receiving antenna array can be designed to be up to 4λ of the transmission frequency of signals from multiple transmitting antenna array elements.

[0145] The spatial dimensions between the transmitting antenna array and the receiving antenna array can be designed to be up to 1.5λ of the transmission frequency of signals from multiple transmitting antenna array elements.

[0146] The number of multiple suppression antenna array elements is not less than the number of multiple receiving antenna array elements.

[0147] Multiple transmit antenna array elements and multiple suppressor antenna array elements can be matched in number.

[0148] The receiving antenna array elements and multiple suppression antenna array elements of the subarray of the receiving antenna array can be matched in number.

[0149] Multiple receiving antenna array elements can be arranged in an array of rows and columns, and multiple suppressing antenna array elements can be arranged in a matching number of rows and columns.

[0150] Multiple receiving antenna array elements can be arranged in an array of rows and columns, and multiple suppression antenna array elements can be arranged in different numbers of rows and columns.

[0151] Multiple receiving antenna array elements can be arranged in an array of rows and columns, and multiple suppression antenna array elements can be arranged in an array with fewer rows but more columns.

[0152] Multiple receiving antenna array elements can be arranged at a distance, and multiple suppressing antenna array elements can be arranged at another distance.

[0153] Multiple receiving antenna array elements can be arranged at a distance, and multiple suppressing antenna array elements can be arranged at a smaller distance.

[0154] Multiple receiving antenna array elements can be arranged to be spaced apart by a distance, and multiple suppressing antenna array elements can be arranged to be spaced apart by at least half of the distance.

[0155] Multiple transmit antenna array elements and multiple receive antenna array elements can be matched in number.

[0156] The device may include a passive suppression array configured to suppress signals received by a plurality of receive antenna array elements from a plurality of transmit antenna array elements.

[0157] The device may include at least one of the following: a notch filter; or an electromagnetic shield, wherein the notch filter or the electromagnetic shield is configured to suppress signals received by a plurality of receiving antenna array elements from a plurality of transmitting antenna array elements.

[0158] The device may include sub-band, non-overlapping, full-duplex antenna assemblies.

[0159] The device may include network node devices, which include circuitry configured to generate radio frequency signals.

[0160] The device may include one of the following: infrastructure equipment, base station, remote radio head (RRH), infrastructure node, router, user equipment, all of which include circuitry configured to generate radio frequency signals.

[0161] A method includes: generating suppression antenna array element drive signals for a plurality of suppression antenna array elements of a device to generate a compensating electromagnetic field, thereby reducing interference received by a plurality of receiving antenna array elements from a plurality of transmitting antenna array elements. The device includes: a transmitting antenna array including a plurality of transmitting antenna array elements, a receiving antenna array including a plurality of receiving antenna array elements, and a plurality of suppression antenna array elements.

[0162] Generating a suppressor antenna array element drive signal can include generating a suppressor antenna array element drive signal to reduce interference in the near field region.

[0163] The method may include: generating transmit antenna array element drive signals provided to a plurality of transmit antenna array elements, and generating suppress antenna array element drive signals may include generating suppress antenna array element drive signals from modulation data signals used to generate transmit antenna array element drive signals.

[0164] Generating a suppressed antenna array element drive signal may include applying a suppression weight vector to the modulated data signal used to generate the transmit antenna array element drive signal, thereby generating the suppressed antenna array element drive signal.

[0165] Generating the suppressor antenna array element drive signal may include applying or not applying modifications to the weight vector to the modulated data signal used to generate the transmit antenna array element drive signal.

[0166] Generating a suppressor antenna array element drive signal may include generating the suppressor antenna array element drive signal based on the interference channel matrix between the suppressor antenna array and the receiving antenna array, and calculating a weight vector that, when applied to the suppressor antenna array, results in a compensating electromagnetic field that, when superimposed with the electromagnetic field generated by the transmitting antenna array, reduces self-interference at the receiving antenna array element.

[0167] Generating a suppression antenna array element drive signal may include generating the suppression antenna array element drive signal based on the covariance matrix of the interference channel between the transmitting antenna array and the receiving antenna array, and calculating a weight vector that, when applied to the suppression antenna array, results in a compensating electromagnetic field that, when superimposed with the electromagnetic field generated by the transmitting antenna array, reduces self-interference at the receiving antenna array element.

[0168] A method for generating a suppression antenna array element drive signal may include: generating a suppression antenna array element drive signal based on the interference channel matrix between the suppression antenna array and the receiving antenna array and the interference channel matrix between the transmitting antenna array and the receiving antenna array, and calculating a weight vector that, when applied to the suppression antenna array, results in a compensation electromagnetic field that, when superimposed with the electromagnetic field generated by the transmitting antenna array, reduces self-interference at the receiving antenna array element.

[0169] A method for generating a suppressor antenna array element drive signal may include: generating a suppressor antenna array element drive signal based on covariance matrices calculated from measurements of interference channels between the suppressor antenna array and the receiving antenna array, and covariance matrices calculated from measurements of interference channels between the transmitting antenna array and the receiving antenna array; and calculating a weight vector that, when applied to the suppressor antenna array, results in a compensating electromagnetic field that, when superimposed with an electromagnetic field generated by the transmitting antenna array, reduces self-interference at the receiving antenna array element.

[0170] A method for generating a suppression antenna array element drive signal may include: generating a suppression antenna array element drive signal based on a covariance matrix calculated from an interference channel matrix between the suppression antenna array and the receiving antenna array and a covariance matrix calculated from an interference channel matrix between the transmitting antenna array and the receiving antenna array; and calculating a weight vector that, when applied to the suppression antenna array, results in a compensating electromagnetic field that, when superimposed with an electromagnetic field generated by the transmitting antenna array, reduces self-interference at the receiving antenna array element.

[0171] A method for generating a suppression antenna array element drive signal may include: generating a suppression antenna array element drive signal based on the channel matrix between the suppression antenna array and the receiving antenna array, and between the transmitting antenna array and the receiving antenna array; and calculating a weight vector that, when partially applied to the suppression antenna array and partially applied to the transmitting antenna array, causes the suppression antenna array to generate a compensation electromagnetic field and the transmitting antenna array to generate a transmitting electromagnetic field. When these two electromagnetic fields are superimposed, self-interference at the receiving antenna array element is reduced.

[0172] A method for generating a suppressor antenna array element drive signal may include: generating a suppressor antenna array element drive signal based on a covariance matrix calculated from measurements of the channels between the suppressor antenna array and the receiving antenna array, and between the transmitting antenna array and the receiving antenna array; and calculating a weight vector that, when partially applied to the suppressor antenna array and partially applied to the transmitting antenna array, causes the suppressor antenna array to generate a compensating electromagnetic field and the transmitting antenna array to generate a transmitting electromagnetic field, and when these two electromagnetic fields are superimposed, reduces self-interference at the receiving antenna array element.

[0173] A method for generating a suppression antenna array element drive signal may include: generating a suppression antenna array element drive signal based on a covariance matrix calculated from the channel matrix between the suppression antenna array and the receiving antenna array, and between the transmitting antenna array and the receiving antenna array; and calculating a weight vector that, when partially applied to the suppression antenna array and partially applied to the transmitting antenna array, causes the suppression antenna array to generate a compensation electromagnetic field and the transmitting antenna array to generate a transmitting electromagnetic field. When these two electromagnetic fields are superimposed, self-interference at the receiving antenna array element is reduced.

[0174] The method may include features corresponding to the features of the aforementioned device.

[0175] A computer program includes instructions stored thereon for performing at least the following operations: generating suppression antenna array element drive signals for a plurality of suppression antenna array elements of a device to generate a compensating electromagnetic field, thereby reducing interference received by a plurality of receiving antenna array elements from a plurality of transmitting antenna array elements, the device comprising: a transmitting antenna array including a plurality of transmitting antenna array elements, a receiving antenna array including a plurality of receiving antenna array elements, and a plurality of suppression antenna array elements.

[0176] The computer program may include features corresponding to the features of the methods described above.

[0177] A non-transient computer-readable medium includes program instructions stored thereon for performing at least the following operations: generating suppression antenna array element drive signals for a plurality of suppression antenna array elements of a device to generate a compensating electromagnetic field, thereby reducing interference received by a plurality of receiving antenna array elements from a plurality of transmitting antenna array elements, the device comprising: a transmitting antenna array including a plurality of transmitting antenna array elements, a receiving antenna array including a plurality of receiving antenna array elements, and a plurality of suppression antenna array elements.

[0178] The non-transient computer-readable medium may include features corresponding to the features of the methods described above.

Claims

1. A device for communication, comprising: A transmitting antenna array, comprising multiple transmitting antenna array elements; A receiving antenna array, comprising multiple receiving antenna array elements; Suppression antenna array, comprising multiple suppression antenna array elements; as well as A signal generator configured to generate a suppression antenna array element drive signal for the suppression antenna array element to generate a compensating electromagnetic field, thereby reducing interference received by the plurality of receiving antenna array elements from the plurality of transmitting antenna array elements.

2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the signal generator is configured to generate a transmit antenna array element drive signal provided to the plurality of transmit antenna array elements, and to generate the suppressor antenna array element drive signal from a modulation data signal used to generate the transmit antenna array element drive signal.

3. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the signal generator is configured to generate the suppressed antenna array element drive signal by applying a suppression weight vector to the modulated data signal used to generate the transmit antenna array element drive signal.

4. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the signal generator is configured to apply or not apply modifications to the weight vector to the modulated data signal used to generate the transmit antenna array element drive signal.

5. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the signal generator is configured to generate the suppression antenna array element drive signal based on at least one of the following: The channel matrix between the suppression antenna array and the receiving antenna array and the covariance matrix of the channel between the transmitting antenna array and the receiving antenna array are calculated, and the weight vector is calculated. When the weight vector is applied to the suppression antenna array, it causes the compensation electromagnetic field. When the compensation electromagnetic field is superimposed with the electromagnetic field generated by the transmitting antenna array, it reduces the self-interference at the receiving antenna array element.

6. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the signal generator is configured to generate the suppression antenna array element drive signal based on at least one of the following: The channel matrix between the suppression antenna array and the receiving antenna array, and between the transmitting antenna array and the receiving antenna array; The covariance matrix calculated based on channel measurements between the suppression antenna array and the receiving antenna array, and between the transmitting antenna array and the receiving antenna array; or The covariance matrix is ​​calculated based on the channel matrix between the suppression antenna array and the receiving antenna array, and between the transmitting antenna array and the receiving antenna array. The weight vector is calculated, and when the weight vector is partially applied to the suppression antenna array and partially applied to the transmitting antenna array, the suppression antenna array generates the compensation electromagnetic field and the transmitting antenna array generates the transmitting electromagnetic field. When the compensation electromagnetic field and the transmitting electromagnetic field are superimposed, the self-interference at the receiving antenna array element is reduced.

7. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the suppression antenna array element drive signal has a lower power than the signal provided to the plurality of transmit antenna array elements.

8. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the suppression antenna array element is at least one of the following: Located on the receiving antenna array; Located on the opposite edge of the receiving antenna array; It is co-located with the receiving antenna array unit; Arranged together with the receiving antenna array unit; Interposed between the receiving antenna array units; Located on the transmitting antenna array; Located on the edge of the transmitting antenna array near the receiving antenna array; Located away from the transmitting antenna array and the receiving antenna array; or Located in the space between the transmitting antenna array and the receiving antenna array.

9. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the number of the plurality of suppressing antenna array elements is not less than the number of the plurality of receiving antenna array elements.

10. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the plurality of transmit antenna array elements and the plurality of suppressor antenna array elements are a matched number.

11. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the receiving antenna array elements of the subarray of the receiving antenna array and the plurality of suppression antenna array elements are a matched number.

12. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the plurality of receiving antenna array elements are arranged in an array of rows and columns, and the plurality of suppressing antenna array elements are arranged in a matching number of rows and columns.

13. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the plurality of receiving antenna array elements are arranged in an array of rows and columns, and the plurality of suppressing antenna array elements are arranged in different numbers of rows and columns.

14. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the plurality of receiving antenna array elements are arranged at a distance apart, and the plurality of suppressing antenna array elements are arranged at another distance apart.

15. The apparatus of claim 1, comprising at least one of: a notch filter; or an electromagnetic shield, wherein the notch filter or the electromagnetic shield is configured to suppress signals received by the plurality of receiving antenna array elements from the plurality of transmitting antenna array elements.

16. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the apparatus comprises a sub-strip, non-overlapping, full-duplex antenna assembly.

17. The apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 16, wherein the apparatus is a network node device.

18. A method for communication, comprising: To generate suppression antenna array unit drive signals for multiple suppression antenna array units of the device's suppression antenna array, thereby generating a compensating electromagnetic field and reducing interference received by multiple receiving antenna array units from multiple transmitting antenna array units, the device includes a transmitting antenna array, a receiving antenna array, and the multiple suppression antenna array units, wherein the transmitting antenna array includes the multiple transmitting antenna array units, and the receiving antenna array includes the multiple receiving antenna array units.

19. The method of claim 18, further comprising generating a transmit antenna array element drive signal provided to the plurality of transmit antenna array elements, and the generation of the suppressor antenna array element drive signal comprising generating the suppressor antenna array element drive signal from a modulated data signal used to generate the transmit antenna array element drive signal.

20. The method of claim 18, wherein generating the suppressed antenna array element drive signal comprises generating the suppressed antenna array element drive signal by applying a suppression weight vector to the modulation data signal used to generate the transmitted antenna array element drive signal.

21. The method of claim 18, wherein generating the suppressed antenna array element drive signal comprises applying or not applying a modification to the weight vector to the modulation data signal used to generate the transmit antenna array element drive signal.

22. The method of claim 18, wherein generating the suppressed antenna array element drive signal comprises generating the suppressed antenna array element drive signal based on at least one of the following: The channel matrix between the suppression antenna array and the receiving antenna array; as well as The covariance matrix of the channel between the transmitting antenna array and the receiving antenna array; as well as The weight vector is calculated, and when applied to the suppression antenna array, it results in a compensation electromagnetic field. When this compensation electromagnetic field is superimposed on the electromagnetic field generated by the transmitting antenna array, it reduces self-interference at the receiving antenna array element.

23. The method according to any one of claims 18 to 22, wherein generating the suppressed antenna array element drive signal comprises generating the suppressed antenna array element drive signal based on at least one of the following: The channel matrix between the suppression antenna array and the receiving antenna array, and between the transmitting antenna array and the receiving antenna array; The covariance matrix is ​​calculated based on the channel measurements between the suppression antenna array and the receiving antenna array, and between the transmitting antenna array and the receiving antenna array. or The covariance matrix is ​​calculated based on the channel matrix between the suppression antenna array and the receiving antenna array, and between the transmitting antenna array and the receiving antenna array; as well as The weight vector is calculated, and when the weight vector is partially applied to the suppression antenna array and partially applied to the transmit antenna array, the suppression antenna array generates the compensation electromagnetic field and the transmit antenna array generates the transmit electromagnetic field. When the compensation electromagnetic field and the transmit electromagnetic field are superimposed, the self-interference at the receiving antenna array element is reduced.

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