Antenna beamforming parameter determination method and apparatus, computer device, and storage medium

Abstract

This invention provides a method, apparatus, computer equipment, and storage medium for determining antenna beamforming parameters, relating to the field of communication technology. The method includes: for a base station covering a railway line, determining the number of horizontal coverage beams of the antenna based on the horizontal coverage range and the antenna beam coverage range; determining the center azimuth angle of the horizontal coverage beams of the antenna based on the azimuth angle of the station-track connection and the horizontal coverage range of the antenna; calculating the azimuth angle of each beam in the horizontal coverage beams based on the center azimuth angle and the number of horizontal coverage beams; calculating the downtilt angle of each beam based on the station track height, track gauge, and the azimuth angles of each beam in the horizontal coverage beams; and offsetting the calculated azimuth angles and downtilt angles of each beam to obtain the beam configuration azimuth angle and downtilt angle. The technical solution provided by this invention effectively solves the problem of offset in the horizontal coverage angle of the beams caused by the angle between the railway track and the horizontal plane.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to a method for determining antenna beamforming parameters, a device for determining antenna beamforming parameters, a computer device, and a computer-readable storage medium. Background Technology

[0002] In the 5G (5th Generation Mobile Communication Technology) era, Massive MIMO (Massive Multiple Input Multiple Output) is a key technology. Unlike LTE (Long Term Evolution) beamforming, 5G broadcast beams offer advantages such as multiple beams and strong directionality. Furthermore, the beams support horizontal and vertical adjustments, allowing for fine-grained beamforming through beamforming parameter settings. This enables network coverage changes to be made through beam adjustments without requiring adjustments to the antenna's azimuth and downtilt angles. Network coverage adjustments become more convenient, flexible, and free, theoretically making dynamic coverage adjustments based on service needs and user requirements possible. Given these advantages, 5G antennas are widely used in special scenarios such as main macro base stations, indoor distributed antenna systems (DAS), high-speed rail, and tunnels.

[0003] For high-speed rail applications, beamforming can be considered for 5G high-speed rail antennas to improve coverage. However, the angle between the rail and the horizontal plane causes a bias in the horizontal coverage angle of the antenna beam, which affects the horizontal coverage angle and thus the user experience. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention was completed to at least partially solve the technical problem in the prior art where the angle between the rail and the horizontal plane causes a bias in the horizontal coverage angle of the antenna beam.

[0005] According to one aspect of the present invention, a method for determining antenna beamforming parameters is provided, the method comprising:

[0006] For base stations covering railway lines, the number of antenna horizontal coverage beams is determined based on the antenna horizontal coverage range and the antenna beam coverage range.

[0007] The center azimuth angle of the antenna horizontal coverage beam is determined based on the azimuth angle of the station-track connection between the antenna-associated base station and the track and the horizontal coverage range of the antenna. The azimuth angle of each beam in the antenna horizontal coverage beam is calculated based on the center azimuth angle and the number of antenna horizontal coverage beams.

[0008] The downtilt angle of each beam is calculated based on the station height of the antenna relative to the track, the station gauge between the antenna-associated base station and the track, and the azimuth angle of each beam in the horizontal coverage beam of the antenna.

[0009] The beam configuration azimuth angle is obtained by offsetting the physical azimuth angle of each beam according to the calculated azimuth angle, and the beam configuration downtilt angle is obtained by offsetting the physical downtilt angle of each beam according to the calculated downtilt angle.

[0010] Optionally, before determining the number of horizontal coverage beams of the antenna based on the horizontal coverage range and the antenna beam coverage range, the method further includes:

[0011] The horizontal coverage range of the antenna is determined based on the station height of the antenna relative to the track, the station gauge between the antenna-associated base station and the track, and the cell coverage radius corresponding to the antenna.

[0012] Optionally, the horizontal coverage range of the antenna is calculated using the following formula:

[0013]

[0014] The station track height refers to the height of the antenna relative to the nearest track, and the station track gauge refers to the shortest distance between the antenna-associated base station and the nearest track.

[0015] Optionally, the cell coverage radius corresponding to the antenna is calculated using the following formula:

[0016] Cell coverage radius = station spacing on the corresponding side of the cell / 2;

[0017] Wherein, the station spacing on the corresponding side of the cell is the distance between the first calibration point and the station-track intersection point. The first calibration point is the line latitude and longitude point that is closest to the cell corresponding to the antenna among the two line latitude and longitude points that are closest to the antenna-associated base station calibrated on the railway line. The station-track intersection point is the intersection point between the railway line closest to the antenna-associated base station and the perpendicular line from the antenna-associated base station to the railway line.

[0018] Optionally, the number of horizontally covered beams of the antenna is calculated using the following formula:

[0019] Number of horizontal coverage beams of antenna = horizontal coverage range of antenna (°) / coverage range of antenna beam (°) (rounded up);

[0020] The antenna beam coverage range is 15° or 30°.

[0021] Optionally, before determining the center azimuth angle of the antenna horizontal coverage beam based on the azimuth angle of the station-track connection between the antenna-associated base station and the track and the antenna horizontal coverage range, the method further includes:

[0022] The track slope between the two railway line points is calculated based on the longitude and latitude values ​​of the two points closest to the antenna-associated base station on the railway line.

[0023] The slope of the station-track connection is calculated based on the track slope, where the station-track connection is the perpendicular segment of the railway line from the antenna-associated base station to the latitude and longitude points of the two lines;

[0024] The latitude and longitude of the station track center point are calculated based on the slope of the station track connection line, the station track gauge between the antenna-associated base station and the track, and the latitude and longitude of the antenna-associated base station's location. The station track center point is the midpoint on the station track connection line.

[0025] The azimuth angle of the track connection line is calculated based on the latitude and longitude values ​​of the center point of the track.

[0026] Optionally, the center azimuth angle of the horizontal coverage beam of the antenna is calculated using the following formula:

[0027] The center azimuth angle of the antenna horizontal coverage beam = azimuth angle of the station-track connection ± antenna horizontal coverage range (°) / 2; where ± is determined according to whether the coverage area of ​​the cell corresponding to the antenna on the track is the left or right region, and the left region is negative and the right region is positive.

[0028] Optionally, the azimuth angle of each beam in the horizontal coverage beam of the antenna is calculated based on the center azimuth angle and the number of horizontal coverage beams of the antenna, including:

[0029] If the number N of the horizontal coverage beams of the antenna is odd, then the azimuth angle of the middle beam of the horizontal coverage beams is equal to the center azimuth angle. The ± values ​​are determined based on the rotation direction of the center azimuth angle, and the azimuth angle of the remaining beams obtained by rotating the center azimuth angle clockwise is positive, and the azimuth angle of the remaining beams obtained by rotating the center azimuth angle counterclockwise is negative. N≥3, and i takes the values ​​1, 3, 5, ..., N-2 in sequence.

[0030] If the number N of the horizontal coverage beams of the antenna is even, then there is no beam at the center azimuth angle of the horizontal coverage beams of the antenna. The ± values ​​are determined based on the rotation direction of the center azimuth angle for each of the remaining beam azimuth angles. The remaining beam azimuth angles obtained by rotating the center azimuth angle clockwise are positive, and those obtained by rotating it counterclockwise are negative. N≥2, j is taken sequentially.

[0031] Optionally, the downtilt angle of each beam is calculated using the following formula:

[0032]

[0033] The station track height refers to the height of the antenna relative to the nearest track, and the station track gauge refers to the shortest distance between the antenna-associated base station and the nearest track.

[0034] According to another aspect of the present invention, an antenna beamforming parameter determination apparatus is provided, the apparatus comprising:

[0035] The beam count determination unit is configured to determine the number of horizontal coverage beams of the antenna based on the horizontal coverage range and the antenna beam coverage range for base stations covering railway lines.

[0036] The beam azimuth angle calculation unit is configured to determine the center azimuth angle of the antenna horizontal coverage beam based on the azimuth angle of the station-track connection between the antenna-associated base station and the track and the antenna horizontal coverage range, and to calculate the azimuth angle of each beam in the antenna horizontal coverage beam based on the center azimuth angle and the number of antenna horizontal coverage beams.

[0037] The beam downtilt angle calculation unit is configured to calculate the downtilt angle of each beam based on the antenna's height relative to the track, the track gauge between the antenna-associated base station and the track, and the azimuth angle of each beam in the antenna's horizontal coverage beam; and,

[0038] The offset configuration unit is configured to offset the physical azimuth angle of each beam according to the calculated azimuth angle of each beam to obtain the beam configuration azimuth angle, and to offset the physical downtilt angle of each beam according to the calculated downtilt angle of each beam to obtain the beam configuration downtilt angle.

[0039] According to another aspect of the present invention, a computer device is provided, including a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, and when the processor runs the computer program stored in the memory, the processor executes the aforementioned antenna beamforming parameter determination method.

[0040] According to another aspect of the present invention, a computer-readable storage medium is provided having a computer program stored thereon, wherein when the computer program is executed by a processor, the processor performs the aforementioned antenna beamforming parameter determination method.

[0041] The technical solution provided by this invention may include the following beneficial effects:

[0042] The antenna beamforming parameter determination method provided by this invention is based on the basic information of railway lines, base station cells and antennas, and combined with the specific parameter of the azimuth angle of the station-track connection, to configure the azimuth angle and downtilt angle of each beam in the horizontal coverage beam of the antenna to complete the antenna beamforming, effectively solving the problem of the offset of the horizontal coverage angle of the beam caused by the angle between the railway track and the horizontal plane.

[0043] Other features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and will be apparent in part from the description, or may be learned by practicing the invention. The objects and other advantages of the invention may be realized and obtained by means of the structures particularly pointed out in the description, claims, and drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0044] The accompanying drawings are provided to further understand the technical solutions of the present invention and constitute a part of the specification. They are used together with the embodiments of the present invention to explain the technical solutions of the present invention, and do not constitute a limitation on the technical solutions of the present invention.

[0045] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating a method for determining antenna beamforming parameters according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0046] Figure 2 A flowchart illustrating another method for determining antenna beamforming parameters provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the determination of whether the cell corresponding to the base station's associated antenna covers the left or right area on the railway track, as provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0048] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram showing the relevant parameters of the display base station and part of the railway track provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the relevant parameters of the horizontal coverage beam of the display base station associated antenna provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 6A This is a schematic diagram of the beam before beamforming provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 6B Applications provided for embodiments of the present invention Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the beam after beamforming using the method shown.

[0052] Figure 7A Applications provided in the embodiments of the present invention Figure 2 The diagram illustrates the improvement in uplink speed for high-speed users before and after a pilot test on a section of high-speed rail using the method shown.

[0053] Figure 7B Applications provided in the embodiments of the present invention Figure 2 The diagram illustrates the improvement in downlink speed for high-speed users before and after a pilot test on a section of high-speed rail using the method shown.

[0054] Figure 8This is a schematic diagram of the antenna beamforming parameter determination device provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0055] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a computer device provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0056] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the specific implementation methods of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific implementation methods described herein are for illustration and explanation only and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0057] It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," etc., in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this invention are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence; furthermore, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of this invention can be arbitrarily combined with each other. In the following description, the use of suffixes such as "module," "part," or "unit" to denote elements is solely for the convenience of describing this invention and has no specific meaning in itself. Therefore, "module," "part," or "unit" can be used interchangeably.

[0058] This invention addresses the problem in high-speed rail applications where the angle between the rail and the horizontal plane (also known as track slope) causes a bias in the horizontal coverage angle of the antenna beam, thus affecting the horizontal coverage angle. Targeting the field of wireless communication optimization, it provides a scheme for determining antenna beamforming parameters that can optimize the coverage of high-speed rail networks. Specific embodiments are described in detail below.

[0059] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating a method for determining antenna beamforming parameters according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1 As shown, the method includes the following steps S101 to S104.

[0060] S101. For base stations covering railway lines, determine the number of antenna horizontal coverage beams based on the antenna horizontal coverage range and antenna beam coverage range.

[0061] A base station typically supports 1 to 3 cells. In this invention, for base stations deployed along railway lines, if the base station supports only one cell, then that cell should cover the railway line. If the base station supports two cells, then at least one of these two cells should face and cover the railway line. This means there are two possibilities: one is that one cell faces and covers the railway line, while the other cell neither faces nor covers the railway line. In this case, a judgment needs to be made between these two cells to identify the one that faces and covers the railway line. The other possibility is that both cells face and cover the railway line, in which case the two cells are arranged symmetrically. If the base station supports 3 cells, then at least one of these 3 cells should face and cover the railway line. There are two possibilities: one is that one cell faces and covers the railway line, while the other two cells neither face nor cover it. In this case, it's necessary to determine which of the 3 cells faces and covers the railway line. The other possibility is that two cells face and cover the railway line, while the third cell neither faces nor covers it. In this case, it's also necessary to determine which two cells face and cover the railway line, and these two cells should be symmetrically arranged. Therefore, for a base station deployed along a railway line, regardless of the number of cells it supports, at least one and at most two cells must cover the railway line.

[0062] As is generally known, a cell is the smallest unit of service that provides access to a UE (User Equipment), consisting of sectors and carrier frequencies. The area covered by each directional antenna is a base station sector, so one directional antenna corresponds to one cell.

[0063] In this step, the horizontal coverage range of the antenna refers to the horizontal coverage range of the directional antenna corresponding to the cell covering the railway line relative to the railway line. The antenna beam coverage range refers to the horizontal coverage range of each beam in the horizontal coverage beam of the directional antenna corresponding to the cell covering the railway line. The number of horizontal coverage beams of the antenna refers to the total number of beams horizontally covered by the directional antenna corresponding to the cell covering the railway line.

[0064] S102. Determine the center azimuth angle of the antenna horizontal coverage beam based on the azimuth angle of the station-track connection between the antenna-associated base station and the track and the horizontal coverage range of the antenna, and calculate the azimuth angle of each beam in the antenna horizontal coverage beam based on the center azimuth angle and the number of antenna horizontal coverage beams.

[0065] In this step, for base stations deployed along railway lines, if the base station supports two cells covering the railway line, with each cell corresponding to one directional antenna, then the base station is associated with two directional antennas. If the base station only supports one cell covering the railway line, then the base station is associated with one directional antenna. "Antenna-associated base station" refers to the base station associated with the antenna corresponding to the cell covering the railway line. "Station-track connection" refers to the perpendicular line segment between the location of the antenna-associated base station and the nearest railway line to the antenna-associated base station.

[0066] S103. Calculate the downtilt angle of each beam based on the station height of the antenna relative to the track, the station gauge between the antenna-associated base station and the track, and the azimuth angle of each beam in the horizontal coverage beam of the antenna.

[0067] In this step, the station track height refers to the height of the antenna corresponding to the cell covering the railway line relative to the nearest track. Here, the antenna height refers to the height from the top of the antenna to the plane where the top of the nearest track is located. The station track gauge refers to the shortest distance between the base station associated with the antenna corresponding to the cell covering the railway line and the nearest track (railway line).

[0068] S104. The beam configuration azimuth is obtained by offsetting the physical azimuth of each beam according to the calculated azimuth angle, and the beam configuration downtilt angle is obtained by offsetting the physical downtilt of each beam according to the calculated downtilt angle.

[0069] In this embodiment, based on the basic information of railway lines, base station cells and antennas, and combined with the specific parameter of the azimuth angle of the station-track connection, the azimuth angle and downtilt angle of each beam in the horizontal coverage beam of the antenna are configured to complete the antenna beamforming, which effectively solves the problem of the offset of the horizontal coverage angle of the beam caused by the angle between the railway track and the horizontal plane.

[0070] In one specific embodiment, before step S101, the following step S100 is also included.

[0071] S100. Determine the horizontal coverage range of the antenna based on the station height of the antenna relative to the track, the station gauge between the antenna-associated base station and the track, and the cell coverage radius corresponding to the antenna.

[0072] In this embodiment, the horizontal coverage range of the antenna is determined by parameters such as station track height, station track gauge, and cell coverage radius, which can accurately calculate the horizontal coverage range of the antenna for the railway line.

[0073] In one specific implementation, step S100 uses the following formula (1) to calculate the horizontal coverage range of the antenna.

[0074]

[0075] The station track height refers to the height of the antenna relative to the nearest track, and the station track gauge refers to the shortest distance between the antenna-associated base station and the nearest track.

[0076] In this embodiment, if the antenna-associated base station is a 5G base station, since the 5G base station integrates the RRU (Remote Radio Unit) and the antenna into an AAU (Active Antenna System), the horizontal coverage range of the antenna is also called the AAU horizontal coverage range.

[0077] In one specific implementation, if the base station supports two cells covering the railway line, and each cell corresponds to a directional antenna, then the coverage radius of the cell corresponding to each antenna is calculated using the following formula (2):

[0078] Cell coverage radius = Inter-station spacing on the corresponding side of the cell / 2 (2)

[0079] Wherein, the station spacing on the corresponding side of the cell is the distance between the first calibration point and the station-track intersection point. The first calibration point is the line latitude and longitude point that is closest to the cell corresponding to the antenna among the two line latitude and longitude points that are closest to the antenna-associated base station calibrated on the railway line. The station-track intersection point is the intersection point between the railway line closest to the antenna-associated base station and the perpendicular line from the antenna-associated base station to the railway line.

[0080] In practical applications, for ease of calculation, the railway lines within the coverage areas of two cells covering the same base station are approximated as a straight line. It is also necessary to pre-mark a point at preset intervals (such as 100m to 300m) along the entire railway line on the railway line map and convert the latitude and longitude of these points to form multiple line latitude and longitude points. Moreover, the railway lines between two adjacent line latitude and longitude points are also approximated as a straight line, and there should be at least two line latitude and longitude points within the coverage area of ​​the same base station.

[0081] For base stations deployed along railway lines, two line latitude and longitude points closer to the base station are selected from at least two line latitude and longitude points within the base station's coverage area. The line latitude and longitude point closest to the cell corresponding to the antenna whose beamforming parameters are to be determined is designated as the first calibration point, and the line latitude and longitude point relatively farther from the cell corresponding to the antenna whose beamforming parameters are to be determined is designated as the second calibration point. The station-track intersection point is located between the first and second calibration points. Specifically, it is the intersection point between the railway line closest to the antenna-associated base station and the perpendicular line from the antenna-associated base station to the railway line, which is also the intersection point between the station-track line and the railway line.

[0082] In another specific implementation, if the base station only supports one cell covering the railway line, and that cell corresponds to one directional antenna, then the coverage radius of the cell corresponding to that antenna is calculated using the following formula (3):

[0083] Cell coverage radius = Right station spacing on the corresponding side of the cell / 2 + Left station spacing on the corresponding side of the cell / 2 (3)

[0084] Wherein, the right station spacing on the corresponding side of the cell is the distance from the third calibration point to the station-track intersection, and the left station spacing on the corresponding side of the cell is the distance from the fourth calibration point to the station-track intersection. The third calibration point is one of the two line latitude and longitude points that are closest to the antenna-associated base station calibrated on the railway line. The fourth calibration point is the other of the two line latitude and longitude points that are closest to the antenna-associated base station calibrated on the railway line. The station-track intersection is the intersection between the railway line closest to the antenna-associated base station and the perpendicular line from the antenna-associated base station to the railway line.

[0085] In one specific implementation, step S101 uses the following formula (4) to calculate the number of horizontal coverage beams of the antenna.

[0086] Number of horizontally covered beams of the antenna = Horizontal coverage area of ​​the antenna (°) / Coverage area of ​​the antenna beam (°) (rounded up) (4)

[0087] The antenna beam coverage range is 15° or 30°.

[0088] In this embodiment, if the antenna is associated with a 5G base station, two antenna beam coverage ranges, 15° and 30°, can be selected. Of course, different selected antenna beam coverage ranges will result in different azimuth angles and downtilt angles of each beam in the subsequently calculated horizontal coverage beam of the antenna.

[0089] In one specific embodiment, before step S102, the following steps S1012A to S1012D are further included.

[0090] S1012A. Calculate the track slope of the railway line between the two track latitude and longitude points that are closest to the antenna-associated base station, based on the longitude and latitude values ​​of the two track latitude and longitude points marked on the railway line.

[0091] In this step, the existing slope calculation formula can be used to calculate the track slope using the longitude and latitude values ​​of the two line latitude and longitude points.

[0092] S1012B. Calculate the slope of the station-track connection line based on the track slope, wherein the station-track connection line is the perpendicular segment of the railway line from the antenna-associated base station to the latitude and longitude points of the two lines.

[0093] In this step, since the railway line between the two latitude and longitude points is perpendicular to the station track connection line, the slope of the station track connection line can be calculated based on the track slope.

[0094] Specifically,

[0095] S1012C. Calculate the latitude and longitude of the station track center point based on the slope of the station track connection line, the station track gauge between the antenna-associated base station and the track, and the latitude and longitude values ​​of the location of the antenna-associated base station. The station track center point is the midpoint on the station track connection line.

[0096] In this step, given the slope of the station track connection, the station track gauge, and the latitude and longitude values ​​of the location of the antenna-associated base station, the latitude and longitude values ​​of the station track center point can be calculated using the existing slope-intercept line equation and the distance formula between two points.

[0097] S1012D. Calculate the azimuth angle of the station track connection line based on the latitude and longitude values ​​of the station track center point.

[0098] In this step, assuming the latitude and longitude of the antenna-associated base station is (x1, y1) and the latitude and longitude of the station track center point is (x2, y2), then the azimuth angle of the station track connection is calculated as: MOD(450-DEGREES(IMARGUMENT(COMPLEX(x2-x1,y2-y1))),360). The formula DEGREES(IMARGUMENT(COMPLEX())) converts the argument of a complex number from radians to degrees. Specifically, the COMPLEX function creates the complex number, the IMARGUMENT function calculates the argument of the complex number (in radians), and the DEGREES function converts radians to degrees. MOD is a modulo operation, limiting the calculation result to between 0 and 360°.

[0099] In this embodiment, given the longitude and latitude values ​​of two line points close to the antenna-associated base station, the station gauge, and the longitude and latitude values ​​of the location of the antenna-associated base station, the azimuth angle of the station-track connection can be calculated.

[0100] In one specific implementation, if the base station supports two cells covering the railway line, and each cell corresponds to a directional antenna, then step S102 uses the following formula (5) to calculate the center azimuth angle of the antenna's horizontal coverage beam.

[0101] The center azimuth angle of the antenna's horizontal coverage beam = azimuth angle of the station-rail connection line ± antenna horizontal coverage range (°) / 2 (5)

[0102] The ± (i.e. positive and negative sign) in formula (5) is determined based on whether the coverage area of ​​the cell corresponding to the antenna on the track is the left or right region, and the left region is negative and the right region is positive.

[0103] In this embodiment, the center azimuth angle of the antenna's horizontal coverage beam refers to the angle formed by rotating clockwise from the centerline of the antenna's horizontal coverage beam as the target direction line, taking true north as the starting direction, to the target direction line. The center azimuth angle is determined by the azimuth angle of the station-rail connection line and half of the antenna's horizontal coverage range. The sign is determined based on whether the cell corresponding to the antenna covers the left or right region on the track. Whether the cell corresponding to the antenna covers the left or right region on the track can be determined based on whether the cell corresponding to the antenna is located to the left or right of the antenna-associated base station when the base station faces the track.

[0104] In another specific implementation, if the base station only supports one cell covering the railway line, and the cell corresponds to a directional antenna, then step S102 uses the following formula (6) to calculate the center azimuth angle of the antenna's horizontal coverage beam.

[0105] The azimuth angle of the center of the horizontal coverage beam of the antenna = the azimuth angle of the station track connection (6)

[0106] In one specific implementation, step S102 involves calculating the azimuth angle of each beam in the horizontal coverage beam of the antenna using the following steps S1021 and S1022.

[0107] S1021. If the number N of the horizontal coverage beams of the antenna is odd, then the azimuth angle of the middle beam of the horizontal coverage beams of the antenna is equal to the center azimuth angle, and the azimuth angles of the other beams of the horizontal coverage beams of the antenna are calculated using the following formula (7):

[0108]

[0109] In formula (7), ± is determined based on the rotation direction of the center azimuth angle of the remaining beams. The remaining beam azimuth angle obtained by rotating the center azimuth angle clockwise is positive, and the remaining beam azimuth angle obtained by rotating the center azimuth angle counterclockwise is negative. N≥3, and i takes the values ​​1, 3, 5, ..., N-2 in sequence.

[0110] S1022. If the number N of the horizontal coverage beams of the antenna is even, then there is no beam at the center azimuth angle of the horizontal coverage beams of the antenna. The azimuth angles of each beam of the horizontal coverage beams of the antenna are calculated using the following formula (8):

[0111]

[0112] In formula (8), ± is determined based on the rotation direction of the center azimuth angle for the remaining beams. The remaining beam azimuth angle obtained by rotating the center azimuth angle clockwise is positive, and the remaining beam azimuth angle obtained by rotating the center azimuth angle counterclockwise is negative. N≥2, j takes the following values ​​in sequence.

[0113]

[0114] In this embodiment, regardless of whether the base station supports two cells covering the railway line or only one cell covering the railway line, the above method is used to calculate the azimuth angle of each beam in the horizontal coverage beam of the antenna.

[0115] In one specific implementation, step S103 uses the following formula (9) to calculate the downtilt angle of each beam.

[0116]

[0117] The station track height refers to the height of the antenna relative to the nearest track, and the station track gauge refers to the shortest distance between the antenna-associated base station and the nearest track.

[0118] In this embodiment, the downtilt angle of each beam in the horizontal coverage beam of the antenna is determined by parameters such as station track height, station track gauge and azimuth angle of each beam, which can accurately calculate the downtilt angle of each beam in the horizontal coverage beam of the antenna.

[0119] Figure 2 This is a flowchart illustrating another method for determining antenna beamforming parameters provided in an embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, addressing the optimization needs of high-speed rail network coverage, a parameter determination scheme for dynamically adjusting 5G antenna beamforming parameters to optimize high-speed rail network coverage is employed, achieving autonomous optimization configuration of parameters for full coverage of high-speed rail lines. Furthermore, in this embodiment, each base station deployed along the railway line supports two cells covering the railway line.

[0120] like Figure 2 As shown, the method includes the following steps S201 to S204.

[0121] S201. Construct a basic antenna performance library, a high-speed rail line library, and a base station cell library.

[0122] A point is pre-marked at predetermined intervals (e.g., 100m-300m) along the entire high-speed rail line on the high-speed rail route map, and the latitude and longitude of these points are converted to output multiple high-speed rail line latitude and longitude points. The high-speed rail line within the coverage area of ​​two cells covering the same base station is approximated as a straight line. When outputting the latitude and longitude points along the high-speed rail line, at least two line latitude and longitude points exist within the coverage area of ​​the same base station. This constructs a high-speed rail line database, which includes high-speed rail line identifiers and the latitude and longitude values ​​of all line latitude and longitude points marked on each high-speed rail line.

[0123] Based on information from antenna manufacturers, a basic antenna performance library is constructed. This library includes antenna identification, antenna capabilities, and the adjustable range of antenna angles. Antenna capabilities include the number of horizontally covered beams and the coverage area of ​​those beams, which is either 15° or 30°. Currently, the adjustable range of the horizontal azimuth angle for 5G antenna beamforming is -47° to 47°, and the adjustable range of the vertical downtilt angle is -2° to 13°. In the horizontal direction, clockwise rotation is positive and counterclockwise rotation is negative based on the current azimuth angle; in the vertical direction, upward rotation is positive and downward rotation is negative based on the current downtilt angle.

[0124] A base station cell database is constructed based on fundamental engineering parameters. This database includes base station identifiers, base station latitude and longitude, identifiers of the high-speed rail lines associated with the base station, identifiers of the antennas associated with the base station, latitude and longitude of the station track center point, latitude and longitude of the station track intersection point, track gauge, left station spacing, right station spacing, track height, physical azimuth angles (horizontal azimuth), physical downtilt angles (vertical downtilt) of each beam, calculated azimuth angles (horizontal azimuth), calculated downtilt angles (vertical downtilt), configured azimuth angles (horizontal azimuth), and configured downtilt angles (vertical downtilt) of each beam. Among these, the base station identifier, base station latitude and longitude, identifiers of the high-speed rail lines associated with the base station, identifiers of the antennas associated with the base station, track gauge, track height, physical azimuth angles (horizontal azimuth), and physical downtilt angles (vertical downtilt) of each beam are known data; the remaining data are calculated based on the known data and stored in the base station cell database. It should be noted that although there are two tracks on a high-speed rail line, the actual base station is located at a certain distance from the high-speed rail line, and this distance is much greater than the distance between the two tracks. Therefore, when determining the station gauge parameter, the track is treated as a whole and the distance between the two tracks is ignored.

[0125] S202. Calculate the basic data of the station track.

[0126] The basic station and track data calculations are performed for the high-speed rail lines and related residential areas that need to be optimized, including track slope, station-track connection slope, latitude and longitude of the center point of station-track distance, latitude and longitude of station-track intersection, and azimuth of station-track connection.

[0127] Before performing basic station track data calculations, it is necessary to define the direction of the coverage area of ​​two cells covering the high-speed rail line under the same base station, using the high-speed rail line as a reference, in order to facilitate subsequent calculation of antenna beam coverage data.

[0128] Using high-speed rail as a reference point, the coverage area of ​​two sectors under the same base station is assessed based on the cell's azimuth data. For example... Figure 3 As shown, N is due north. Base station 1 has two cells located at point P facing the railway track, namely cell A of station 1 and cell B of station 1. Base station 2 has two cells, namely cell A of station 2 and cell B of station 2.

[0129] The following explanation uses base station No. 1 as an example. Where ∠NPA is the azimuth angle of cell A for base station No. 1, and ∠NPB is the azimuth angle of cell B for base station No. 1. Figure 3 In this context, ∠NPA is abbreviated as ∠A, and ∠NPB (an angle greater than 180°) is abbreviated as ∠B.

[0130] If azimuth angle ∠A > azimuth angle ∠B, and ∠A - ∠B < 180°, then the coverage area of ​​cell A corresponding to ∠A on the railway track is the right region, and the coverage area of ​​cell B corresponding to ∠B on the railway track is the left region.

[0131] If azimuth angle ∠A > azimuth angle ∠B, and ∠A - ∠B ≥ 180°, then the coverage area of ​​cell A corresponding to ∠A on the railway track is the left region, and the coverage area of ​​cell B corresponding to ∠B on the railway track is the right region.

[0132] If azimuth angle ∠B > azimuth angle ∠A, and ∠B - ∠A < 180°, then the coverage area of ​​cell B corresponding to ∠B on the railway track is the right region, and the coverage area of ​​cell A corresponding to ∠A on the railway track is the left region.

[0133] If azimuth angle ∠B > azimuth angle ∠A, and ∠B - ∠A ≥ 180°, then the coverage area of ​​cell B corresponding to ∠B on the railway track is the left region, and the coverage area of ​​cell A corresponding to ∠A on the railway track is the right region.

[0134] visible, Figure 3 The two cells of base station No. 1 fall into the third category mentioned above, meaning that cell B's coverage area on the railway track is the right area, and cell A's coverage area on the railway track is the left area. Similarly, the specific coverage areas of the two cells of base station No. 2 are as follows: cell A's coverage area on the railway track is the right area, and cell B's coverage area on the railway track is the left area.

[0135] like Figure 4 As shown, first, the latitude and longitude A(x1,y1) of the antenna-associated base station and the track gauge L of the base station are retrieved from the base station cell database. AEThen, the latitude and longitude coordinates of two high-speed rail line points closest to the base station are retrieved from the high-speed rail line database, namely C(x3,y3) and D(x4,y4). The slope k of the station-track connection is then calculated based on the retrieved data. AE The coordinates of the station track center point are B(x2,y2), the coordinates of the station track intersection point are E(x5,y5), and the azimuth of the station track connection line is given, where point B is the midpoint of the station track connection line AE.

[0136] First calculate the slope k of the station track connection. AE Since the railway line between points C and D is perpendicular to the line connecting the station and the track, and since two straight lines are perpendicular to each other, their slopes are negative reciprocals of each other. Therefore, the slope k of the line connecting the station and the track can be calculated based on the latitude and longitude values ​​of points C and D. AE .

[0137] Slope of the station track connection:

[0138] Then, based on the latitude and longitude A(x1,y1) of the antenna-associated base station and the slope k of the station track connection line... AE and station gauge L AE Calculate the latitude and longitude of the station track center point B(x2, y2). Specifically, the slope k between points A and B. AB =k AE The distance L between point A and point B AB =0.5L AE Using the slope-intercept form of the linear equations y1=kx1+b and y2=kx2+b, the slope can be calculated using the formula... And the formula for the distance between two points The latitude and longitude of the station track center point B(x2,y2) can then be calculated.

[0139] Similarly, based on the latitude and longitude A(x1,y1) of the antenna-associated base station and the slope k of the station track connection line... AE and station gauge L AE Calculate the latitude and longitude E(x5,y5) of the station track intersection point.

[0140] Then, calculate the azimuth angle of the station-track connection line based on the latitude and longitude B(x2,y2) of the station track center point. Specifically, the azimuth angle of the station-track connection line =

[0141] MOD(450-DEGREES(IMARGUMENT(COMPLEX(x2-x1,y2-y1))),360)

[0142] S203. Calculate antenna beam coverage data.

[0143] like Figure 5As shown, the antenna beam coverage data includes the AAU horizontal coverage range, the number of antenna horizontal coverage beams, the antenna beam coverage range, the azimuth angle of each beam, and the downtilt angle of each beam.

[0144]

[0145] Wherein, the cell coverage radius = the distance between stations on the corresponding side of the cell / 2. Figure 3 and Figure 4 For example, for cell A at site 1, which covers the left area on the track, it can be called the left-side cell, and its cell coverage radius = left-side inter-site distance / 2 = L. ED / 2, for cell B at site 1, the area it covers on the right side of the track can be called the right-side cell, and its cell coverage radius = right-side inter-site distance / 2 = L CE / 2, the other half of the distance between the two stations is covered by cell A of the base station at station 2.

[0146] Currently, 5G antenna beamforming can be implemented with two coverage ranges: 15° and 30°. Therefore, the coverage range of the 5G antenna beam can be selected, and the number of beams required in each direction can be determined based on the selected coverage range.

[0147] If the antenna beam coverage range is 15°, then the number of horizontally covered beams of the antenna = AAU horizontal coverage range (°) / 15° (rounded up).

[0148] If the antenna beam coverage range is 30°, then the number of horizontally covered beams of the antenna = AAU horizontal coverage range (°) / 30° (rounded up).

[0149] Considering the angle between the railway track and the horizontal plane, there will be an offset when configuring the azimuth angle of each beam. Therefore, the azimuth angle of the station-track connection is included as a parameter in the calculation of beam azimuth angle and beam downtilt angle.

[0150] Antenna horizontal coverage beam center azimuth angle = station track line azimuth angle ± antenna horizontal coverage range (°) / 2 (determined according to coverage sector, left-facing railway track direction -, right-facing railway track direction +).

[0151] 1) When the antenna beam coverage is 15°:

[0152] If the number N of horizontal coverage beams of the antenna is odd, then the azimuth angle of the middle beam of the horizontal coverage beams of the antenna is equal to the center azimuth angle. i takes values ​​of 1, 3, 5, ..., N-2. For example, when N = 3, the azimuth angles of the remaining beams are the center azimuth angle +15° and -15°, respectively; when N = 5, the azimuth angles of the remaining beams are the center azimuth angle +15°, +30°, -15°, and -30°, respectively. Furthermore, the ± values ​​are determined based on the rotation direction of the remaining beam azimuth angles relative to the center azimuth angle, with clockwise rotation resulting in positive azimuth angles and counterclockwise rotation resulting in negative azimuth angles.

[0153] If the number N of horizontal coverage beams of the antenna is even, then there is no beam at the center azimuth angle of the horizontal coverage beams. N≥2, j takes the following values ​​in sequence For example, when N=2, the azimuth angles of each beam are the center azimuth angle +7.5° and the center azimuth angle -7.5°, respectively; when N=4, the azimuth angles of each beam are the center azimuth angle +7.5°, the center azimuth angle +22.5°, the center azimuth angle -7.5°, and the center azimuth angle -22.5°, respectively. Moreover, the ± values ​​are determined based on the rotation direction of the center azimuth angle for the remaining beams, and the azimuth angles of the remaining beams obtained by rotating the center azimuth angle clockwise are positive, while the azimuth angles of the remaining beams obtained by rotating the center azimuth angle counterclockwise are negative.

[0154] 2) When the antenna beam coverage is 30°:

[0155] If the number N of horizontal coverage beams of the antenna is odd, then the azimuth angle of the middle beam of the horizontal coverage beams of the antenna is equal to the center azimuth angle. i takes values ​​of 1, 3, 5, ..., N-2. For example, when N = 3, the azimuth angles of the remaining beams are the center azimuth angle +30° and -30°, respectively; when N = 5, the azimuth angles of the remaining beams are the center azimuth angle +30°, +30°, -30°, and -60°, respectively. Furthermore, the ± values ​​are determined based on the rotation direction of the center azimuth angle for each remaining beam azimuth angle, with clockwise rotation resulting in a positive azimuth angle and counterclockwise rotation resulting in a negative azimuth angle.

[0156] If the number N of horizontal coverage beams of the antenna is even, then there is no beam at the center azimuth angle of the horizontal coverage beams. N≥2, j takes the following values ​​in sequence For example, when N=2, the azimuth angles of each beam are the center azimuth angle +15° and the center azimuth angle -15°, respectively; when N=4, the azimuth angles of each beam are the center azimuth angle +15°, the center azimuth angle +45°, the center azimuth angle -15°, and the center azimuth angle -45°, respectively. Moreover, the ± values ​​are determined based on the rotation direction of the center azimuth angle for the remaining beams, and the azimuth angles of the remaining beams obtained by rotating the center azimuth angle clockwise are positive, while the azimuth angles of the remaining beams obtained by rotating the center azimuth angle counterclockwise are negative.

[0157] The calculation method for the downtilt angle of each beam is as follows:

[0158]

[0159] S204. Calculate the configuration values ​​of the azimuth and downtilt angles for actual beam application.

[0160] Based on the azimuth and downtilt angles of each beam calculated in the preceding steps, calculate the offset configuration values ​​for the custom beams.

[0161] Beam configuration azimuth angle = beam azimuth angle - physical azimuth angle; beam configuration downtilt angle = beam downtilt angle - physical downtilt angle.

[0162] Finally, the base station cell database is updated and managed based on the calculated configuration values, and beamforming of the high-speed rail 5G antenna beam is completed.

[0163] Based on the above steps, 5G antenna parameter management has been improved. The current high-speed rail network coverage has been optimized through adjustments to 5G antenna beamforming parameters. This is a highly feasible technical solution with broad application scenarios. This solution is applied to network optimization within the existing network deployment and to adjusting antenna parameters after changes in actual network operation. Furthermore, the calculation of base station coverage along the high-speed rail line fully considers the impact of the "angle between the rail and the horizontal plane" parameter on high-speed rail network coverage. It distinguishes the differences in antenna parameter calculations caused by the location of the base station relative to the rail, and does not calculate antenna coverage capability in a general way. Instead, it calculates the azimuth and downtilt angles of each antenna beam separately to complete the beamforming of the high-speed rail 5G antenna beams.

[0164] This invention changes the traditional mode of uniform beam energy distribution, such as... Figure 6A and Figure 6B As shown, the beam energy that was not pointing towards the rail on the right side before beamforming is concentrated to the left side, so that the energy is concentrated towards the rail, giving users a better wireless signal experience.

[0165] like Figure 7A and Figure 7BAs shown, applying the technical solution of the present invention to the optimization of high-speed rail network coverage can significantly improve the uplink speed and downlink speed of high-speed users.

[0166] The antenna beamforming parameter determination method provided in this invention innovatively proposes the specific parameter of the azimuth angle of the station-track connection. Combined with the basic information of the railway line, base station cell, and antenna, the azimuth angle and downtilt angle of each beam in the horizontal coverage beam of the antenna are configured to complete the antenna beamforming. This technology has been practically applied to the optimization of high-speed rail networks, effectively solving the problem of beam horizontal coverage angle offset caused by the angle between the rail and the horizontal plane.

[0167] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the antenna beamforming parameter determination device provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 8 As shown, the device includes: a beam number determination unit 801, a beam azimuth angle calculation unit 802, a beam downtilt angle calculation unit 803, and an offset configuration unit 804.

[0168] The beam count determination unit 801 is configured to determine the number of horizontal coverage beams of the antenna based on the horizontal coverage range and the antenna beam coverage range for base stations covering railway lines. The beam azimuth angle calculation unit 802 is configured to determine the center azimuth angle of the horizontal coverage beam of the antenna based on the azimuth angle of the station-track connection between the antenna-associated base station and the track and the horizontal coverage range of the antenna, and calculate the azimuth angle of each beam in the horizontal coverage beam of the antenna based on the center azimuth angle and the number of horizontal coverage beams of the antenna. The beam downtilt angle calculation unit 803 is configured to calculate the downtilt angle of each beam based on the station-track height of the antenna relative to the track, the station-track gauge between the antenna-associated base station and the track, and the azimuth angle of each beam in the horizontal coverage beam of the antenna. The offset configuration unit 804 is configured to offset the physical azimuth angle of each beam based on the calculated azimuth angle to obtain the beam configuration azimuth angle, and offset the physical downtilt angle of each beam based on the calculated downtilt angle to obtain the beam configuration downtilt angle.

[0169] In one specific embodiment, the device further includes an antenna horizontal coverage range determination unit.

[0170] The antenna horizontal coverage range determination unit is set to determine the antenna horizontal coverage range based on the antenna's height relative to the track, the track gauge between the antenna-associated base station and the track, and the cell coverage radius corresponding to the antenna.

[0171] In one specific implementation, the antenna horizontal coverage range determination unit calculates the antenna horizontal coverage range using the following formula.

[0172]

[0173] The station track height refers to the height of the antenna relative to the nearest track, and the station track gauge refers to the shortest distance between the antenna-associated base station and the nearest track.

[0174] In one specific implementation, the antenna horizontal coverage range determination unit calculates the cell coverage radius using the following formula.

[0175] Cell coverage radius = station spacing on the corresponding side of the cell / 2;

[0176] Wherein, the station spacing on the corresponding side of the cell is the distance between the first calibration point and the station-track intersection point. The first calibration point is the line latitude and longitude point that is closest to the cell corresponding to the antenna among the two line latitude and longitude points that are closest to the antenna-associated base station calibrated on the railway line. The station-track intersection point is the intersection point between the railway line closest to the antenna-associated base station and the perpendicular line from the antenna-associated base station to the railway line.

[0177] In one specific implementation, the beam number determination unit 801 calculates the number of horizontal coverage beams of the antenna using the following formula.

[0178] Number of horizontal coverage beams of antenna = horizontal coverage range of antenna (°) / coverage range of antenna beam (°) (rounded up);

[0179] The antenna beam coverage range is 15° or 30°.

[0180] In one specific embodiment, the device further includes a station-track connection azimuth angle determination unit. The station-track connection azimuth angle determination unit includes a track slope calculation module, a station-track connection slope calculation module, a station-track center point latitude and longitude calculation module, and a station-track connection azimuth angle calculation module.

[0181] The system includes the following modules: a track slope calculation module, a station-track connection slope calculation module, and a station-track connection center point calculation module. The station-track connection slope calculation module is configured to calculate the track slope based on the track slope, where the station-track connection is the perpendicular line segment from the antenna-associated base station to the two track latitude and longitude points. The station-track center point latitude and longitude calculation module is configured to calculate the latitude and longitude of the station-track center point based on the station-track connection slope, the station-track gauge between the antenna-associated base station and the track, and the latitude and longitude of the antenna-associated base station's location, where the station-track center point is the midpoint of the station-track connection. Finally, the station-track connection azimuth calculation module is configured to calculate the azimuth of the station-track connection based on the latitude and longitude of the station-track center point.

[0182] In one specific embodiment, the beam azimuth calculation unit 802 calculates the center azimuth of the antenna's horizontal coverage beam using the following formula.

[0183] The center azimuth angle of the antenna horizontal coverage beam = azimuth angle of the station-track connection ± antenna horizontal coverage range (°) / 2; where ± is determined according to whether the coverage area of ​​the cell corresponding to the antenna on the track is the left or right region, and the left region is negative and the right region is positive.

[0184] In one specific embodiment, the beam azimuth angle calculation unit 802 is specifically configured as follows:

[0185] If the number N of the horizontal coverage beams of the antenna is odd, then the azimuth angle of the middle beam of the horizontal coverage beams of the antenna is equal to the center azimuth angle. The ± values ​​are determined based on the rotation direction of the center azimuth angle, and the azimuth angle of the remaining beams obtained by rotating the center azimuth angle clockwise is positive, and the azimuth angle of the remaining beams obtained by rotating the center azimuth angle counterclockwise is negative. N≥3, and i takes the values ​​1, 3, 5, ..., N-2 in sequence.

[0186] If the number N of the horizontal coverage beams of the antenna is even, then there is no beam at the center azimuth angle of the horizontal coverage beams of the antenna. The ± values ​​are determined based on the rotation direction of the center azimuth angle for each of the remaining beam azimuth angles. The remaining beam azimuth angles obtained by rotating the center azimuth angle clockwise are positive, and those obtained by rotating it counterclockwise are negative. N≥2, j is taken sequentially.

[0187] In one specific embodiment, the beam downtilt angle calculation unit 803 calculates the downtilt angle of each beam in the horizontal coverage beam of the antenna using the following formula.

[0188]

[0189] The station track height refers to the height of the antenna relative to the nearest track, and the station track gauge refers to the shortest distance between the antenna-associated base station and the nearest track.

[0190] The antenna beamforming parameter determination device provided in this invention innovatively proposes the specific parameter of the azimuth angle of the station-track connection. Combined with the basic information of the railway line, base station cell, and antenna, the azimuth angle and downtilt angle of each beam in the horizontal coverage beam of the antenna are configured to complete the antenna beamforming. This technology is practically applied to the optimization of high-speed rail networks, effectively solving the problem of beam horizontal coverage angle offset caused by the angle between the rail and the horizontal plane.

[0191] Based on the same technical concept, embodiments of the present invention also provide a computer device, such as... Figure 9 As shown, the computer device includes a memory 901 and a processor 902. The memory 901 stores a computer program. When the processor 902 runs the computer program stored in the memory 901, the processor 902 executes the aforementioned antenna beamforming parameter determination method.

[0192] Based on the same technical concept, the present invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program thereon, wherein when the computer program is executed by a processor, the processor executes the aforementioned antenna beamforming parameter determination method.

[0193] In summary, the antenna beamforming parameter determination method, apparatus, computer equipment, and storage medium provided in this embodiment of the invention address the network coverage situation in high-speed rail application scenarios. Considering the actual problems such as the tilt angle between the high-speed rail line and the horizontal plane and the insufficient coverage of the corresponding cell track, and combining the current adjustable range of actual 5G antenna parameters, a dynamic adjustment scheme for 5G antenna beam parameters to optimize network coverage in high-speed rail application scenarios is proposed. Based on the basic information of railway lines, base station cells, and antennas, and combined with the specific parameter of the azimuth angle of the station-track connection, the azimuth angle and downtilt angle of each beam in the horizontal coverage beam of the antenna are configured to complete the antenna beamforming, effectively solving the problem of beam horizontal coverage angle offset caused by the angle between the rail and the horizontal plane.

[0194] It will be understood by those skilled in the art that all or some of the steps, systems, or apparatuses disclosed above, and their functional modules / units, can be implemented as software, firmware, hardware, or suitable combinations thereof. In hardware implementations, the division between functional modules / units mentioned in the above description does not necessarily correspond to the division of physical components; for example, a physical component may have multiple functions, or a function or step may be performed collaboratively by several physical components. Some or all physical components may be implemented as software executed by a processor, such as a central processing unit, digital signal processor, or microprocessor, or as hardware, or as an integrated circuit, such as an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC). Such software may be distributed on a computer-readable medium, which may include computer storage media (or non-transitory media) and communication media (or transient media). As is known to those skilled in the art, the term computer storage media includes volatile and non-volatile, removable and non-removable media implemented in any method or technology for storing information (such as computer-readable instructions, data structures, program modules, or other data). Computer storage media include, but are not limited to, RAM, ROM, EEPROM, flash memory or other memory technologies, CD-ROM, digital versatile disc (DVD) or other optical disc storage, magnetic cartridges, magnetic tape, disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other medium that can be used to store desired information and can be accessed by a computer. Furthermore, it is well known to those skilled in the art that communication media typically contain computer-readable instructions, data structures, program modules, or other data in modulated data signals such as carrier waves or other transmission mechanisms, and may include any information delivery medium.

[0195] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for determining antenna beamforming parameters, characterized in that, include: For base stations covering railway lines, the number of antenna horizontal coverage beams is determined based on the antenna horizontal coverage range and the antenna beam coverage range. The center azimuth angle of the antenna horizontal coverage beam is determined based on the azimuth angle of the station-track connection between the antenna-associated base station and the track and the horizontal coverage range of the antenna. The azimuth angle of each beam in the antenna horizontal coverage beam is calculated based on the center azimuth angle and the number of antenna horizontal coverage beams. The downtilt angle of each beam is calculated based on the station height of the antenna relative to the track, the station gauge between the antenna-associated base station and the track, and the azimuth angle of each beam in the horizontal coverage beam of the antenna. The beam configuration azimuth angle is obtained by offsetting the physical azimuth angle of each beam according to the calculated azimuth angle, and the beam configuration downtilt angle is obtained by offsetting the physical downtilt angle of each beam according to the calculated downtilt angle.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Before determining the number of horizontal coverage beams of the antenna based on the horizontal coverage range and the antenna beam coverage range, the following steps are also included: The horizontal coverage range of the antenna is determined based on the station height of the antenna relative to the track, the station gauge between the antenna-associated base station and the track, and the cell coverage radius corresponding to the antenna.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The horizontal coverage range of the antenna is calculated using the following formula: The station track height refers to the height of the antenna relative to the nearest track, and the station track gauge refers to the shortest distance between the antenna-associated base station and the nearest track.

4. The method according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that, The cell coverage radius corresponding to the antenna is calculated using the following formula: Cell coverage radius = station spacing on the corresponding side of the cell / 2; Wherein, the station spacing on the corresponding side of the cell is the distance between the first calibration point and the station-track intersection point. The first calibration point is the line latitude and longitude point that is closest to the cell corresponding to the antenna among the two line latitude and longitude points that are closest to the antenna-associated base station calibrated on the railway line. The station-track intersection point is the intersection point between the railway line closest to the antenna-associated base station and the perpendicular line from the antenna-associated base station to the railway line.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The number of horizontal coverage beams of the antenna is calculated using the following formula: Number of horizontal coverage beams of antenna = horizontal coverage range of antenna (°) / coverage range of antenna beam (°) (rounded up); The antenna beam coverage range is 15° or 30°.

6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Before determining the center azimuth angle of the antenna's horizontal coverage beam based on the azimuth angle of the station-track connection between the antenna-associated base station and the track, and the antenna's horizontal coverage range, the following steps are also included: The track slope between the two railway line points is calculated based on the longitude and latitude values ​​of the two points closest to the antenna-associated base station on the railway line. The slope of the station-track connection is calculated based on the track slope, where the station-track connection is the perpendicular segment of the railway line from the antenna-associated base station to the latitude and longitude points of the two lines; The latitude and longitude of the station track center point are calculated based on the slope of the station track connection line, the station track gauge between the antenna-associated base station and the track, and the latitude and longitude of the antenna-associated base station's location. The station track center point is the midpoint on the station track connection line. The azimuth angle of the station track connection line is calculated based on the latitude and longitude values ​​of the station track center point.

7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The center azimuth angle of the antenna's horizontal coverage beam is calculated using the following formula: The center azimuth angle of the antenna horizontal coverage beam = azimuth angle of the station-track connection ± antenna horizontal coverage range (°) / 2; where ± is determined according to whether the coverage area of ​​the cell corresponding to the antenna on the track is the left or right region, and the left region is negative and the right region is positive.

8. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Calculate the azimuth angle of each beam in the horizontal coverage beam of the antenna based on the center azimuth angle and the number of horizontal coverage beams of the antenna, including: If the number N of the horizontal coverage beams of the antenna is odd, then the azimuth angle of the middle beam of the horizontal coverage beams of the antenna is equal to the center azimuth angle. The ± values ​​are determined based on the rotation direction of the center azimuth angle, and the azimuth angle of the remaining beams obtained by rotating the center azimuth angle clockwise is positive, and the azimuth angle of the remaining beams obtained by rotating the center azimuth angle counterclockwise is negative. N≥3, and i takes the values ​​1, 3, 5, ..., N-2 in sequence. If the number N of the horizontal coverage beams of the antenna is even, then there is no beam at the center azimuth angle of the horizontal coverage beams of the antenna. The ± values ​​are determined based on the rotation direction of the center azimuth angle for each of the remaining beam azimuth angles. The remaining beam azimuth angles obtained by rotating the center azimuth angle clockwise are positive, and those obtained by rotating it counterclockwise are negative. N≥2, j is taken sequentially.

9. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The downtilt angle of each beam is calculated using the following formula: The station track height refers to the height of the antenna relative to the nearest track, and the station track gauge refers to the shortest distance between the antenna-associated base station and the nearest track.

10. An antenna beamforming parameter determination device, characterized in that, include: The beam count determination unit is configured to determine the number of horizontal coverage beams of the antenna based on the horizontal coverage range and the antenna beam coverage range for base stations covering railway lines. The beam azimuth angle calculation unit is configured to determine the center azimuth angle of the antenna horizontal coverage beam based on the azimuth angle of the station-track connection between the antenna-associated base station and the track and the antenna horizontal coverage range, and to calculate the azimuth angle of each beam in the antenna horizontal coverage beam based on the center azimuth angle and the number of antenna horizontal coverage beams. The beam downtilt angle calculation unit is configured to calculate the downtilt angle of each beam based on the station track height of the antenna relative to the track, the station track gauge between the antenna-associated base station and the track, and the azimuth angle of each beam in the horizontal coverage beam of the antenna. as well as, The offset configuration unit is configured to offset the physical azimuth angle of each beam according to the calculated azimuth angle of each beam to obtain the beam configuration azimuth angle, and to offset the physical downtilt angle of each beam according to the calculated downtilt angle of each beam to obtain the beam configuration downtilt angle.

11. A computer device, characterized in that, It includes a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, and when the processor runs the computer program stored in the memory, the processor executes the antenna beamforming parameter determination method according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

12. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that, When the computer program is executed by the processor, the processor performs the antenna beamforming parameter determination method according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

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