Communication methods, apparatuses, and devices

Abstract

The application provides a communication method, device and equipment, and relates to the technical field of communication. The method comprises the following steps: performing unequal error protection coding on information bits according to the importance of the information bits to be transmitted, to obtain a coding result; performing zero padding on the coding result to a length equal to the number N of subcarriers, and then modulating the zero-padded coding result to obtain frequency domain symbols corresponding to N subcarriers; determining M active subcarriers from the N subcarriers; and transmitting the frequency domain symbols corresponding to the M active subcarriers and zero-value signals corresponding to the remaining N-M subcarriers to a receiving end. The method of the application embodiment effectively solves the problems of information loss and high bit error rate in the traditional subcarrier reduction scheme.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of communication technology, and more particularly to communication methods, apparatus and devices. Background Technology

[0002] Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) is a mainstream communication modulation technology. Traditional OFDM systems use all N subcarriers to modulate and transmit signals to ensure the integrity of information transmission.

[0003] In practical applications, in order to adapt to communication scenarios with limited spectrum resources and hardware cost control, attempts have been made to reduce the number of subcarriers used in OFDM systems to reduce spectrum and hardware resource overhead. However, directly reducing subcarriers will result in the complete loss of bit information on the discarded subcarriers, and the combined effect of channel noise and subcarrier reduction will significantly increase the system bit error rate, seriously affecting the accuracy of information transmission. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention provides a communication method, apparatus, and device that prioritizes the transmission of coded redundant bits and high-energy information bits. By reducing the number of subcarriers, it maximizes the retention of effective information and error correction capabilities, effectively solving the problems of information loss and high bit error rate in traditional subcarrier reduction schemes. It achieves lightweight and low-power transmission while significantly improving transmission reliability and decoding error correction performance, taking into account both the resource efficiency and transmission quality of the communication system.

[0005] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a communication method comprising the following steps: Based on the importance of the information bits to be transmitted, the information bits are subjected to unequal error protection encoding to obtain the encoding result; After padding the coding result with zeros to a length equal to the number of subcarriers N, the zero-paddled coding result is modulated to obtain frequency domain symbols corresponding to N subcarriers; M active subcarriers are determined from the N subcarriers; the M active subcarriers include subcarriers carrying redundant bits in the unequal error protection coding, and subcarriers carrying information bits selected in descending order of amplitude; The frequency domain symbols corresponding to the M active subcarriers and the zero-value signals corresponding to the remaining NM subcarriers are sent to the receiving end.

[0006] According to a communication method provided by the present invention, the step of sending the frequency domain symbols corresponding to the M active subcarriers and the zero-value signals corresponding to the remaining NM subcarriers to the receiving end includes: The frequency domain symbols corresponding to the M active subcarriers are sorted and divided into levels according to their amplitude from largest to smallest. The frequency domain symbols in different levels are quantized based on the differentiated quantization bits to obtain the quantized frequency domain symbols. The quantized frequency domain symbols corresponding to the M active subcarriers and the zero-value signals corresponding to the remaining NM subcarriers are sent to the receiving end.

[0007] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a communication method, comprising the following steps: Receive frequency domain signals corresponding to N subcarriers; the frequency domain signals corresponding to the N subcarriers include frequency domain symbols corresponding to M active subcarriers and zero-value signals corresponding to NM idle subcarriers; The N subcarriers are sorted from largest to smallest according to the amplitude of their corresponding frequency domain signals, and the first M subcarriers are selected as active subcarriers, while the remaining NM subcarriers are selected as idle subcarriers. Decoding is performed on the frequency domain signals corresponding to the active subcarrier and the idle subcarrier to recover the original information bits.

[0008] According to a communication method provided by the present invention, the step of decoding based on the frequency domain signals corresponding to the active subcarrier and the idle subcarrier to recover the original information bits includes: The frequency domain signal is reconstructed using linear interpolation on the NM idle subcarriers; Decoding is performed on the frequency domain signal corresponding to the active subcarrier and the frequency domain signal of the idle subcarrier after interpolation and reconstruction to recover the original information bits.

[0009] According to a communication method provided by the present invention, the decoding process based on the frequency domain signal corresponding to the active subcarrier and the frequency domain signal of the interpolated and reconstructed idle subcarrier to recover the original information bits includes: The active subcarriers are assigned high confidence weights, the idle subcarriers after interpolation and reconstruction are assigned low confidence weights, and weighted soft-decision decoding is performed in combination with the repetition factor of the unequal error protection coding to recover the original information bits.

[0010] Thirdly, the present invention also provides a communication device, comprising the following modules: The encoding module is used to perform unequal error protection encoding on the information bits to be transmitted according to their importance, and obtain the encoding result; The modulation module is used to pad the encoding result with zeros to a length equal to the number of subcarriers N, and then modulate the zero-padding encoding result to obtain frequency domain symbols corresponding to N subcarriers; The processing module is used to determine M active subcarriers from the N subcarriers; the M active subcarriers include subcarriers carrying redundant bits in unequal error protection coding, and subcarriers carrying information bits selected in descending order of amplitude; The transmitting module is used to transmit the frequency domain symbols corresponding to the M active subcarriers and the zero-value signals corresponding to the remaining NM subcarriers to the receiving end.

[0011] Fourthly, the present invention also provides a communication device, comprising the following modules: The receiving module is used to receive frequency domain signals corresponding to N subcarriers; the frequency domain signals corresponding to the N subcarriers include frequency domain symbols corresponding to M active subcarriers and zero-value signals corresponding to NM idle subcarriers; The processing module is used to sort the N subcarriers according to the amplitude of their respective frequency domain signals from largest to smallest, select the first M subcarriers as active subcarriers, and the remaining NM subcarriers as idle subcarriers. The decoding module is used to perform decoding processing based on the frequency domain signals corresponding to the active subcarrier and the idle subcarrier to recover the original information bits.

[0012] Fifthly, the present invention also provides a transmitting device, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor executes the computer program to implement the communication method as described in the first aspect.

[0013] In a sixth aspect, the present invention also provides a receiving device, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor executes the computer program to implement the communication method as described in the second aspect.

[0014] In a seventh aspect, the present invention also provides a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implements the communication method as described in the first aspect or the communication method as described in the second aspect.

[0015] Eighthly, the present invention also provides a computer program product, including a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the communication method as described in the first aspect or the communication method as described in the second aspect.

[0016] The communication method, apparatus, and device provided by this invention prioritize the transmission of coded redundant bits and high-energy information bits, thereby reducing the number of subcarriers while maximizing the retention of effective information and error correction capabilities. This effectively solves the problems of information loss and high bit error rate in traditional subcarrier reduction schemes. While achieving lightweight and low-power transmission, it significantly improves transmission reliability and decoding error correction performance, taking into account both the resource efficiency and transmission quality of the communication system. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in this invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating the communication method provided by the present invention.

[0019] Figures 2(a), 2(b), 2(c), and 2(d) are schematic diagrams comparing the experimental effects of the communication method provided by the present invention.

[0020] Figure 3 This is one of the structural schematic diagrams of the communication device provided by the present invention.

[0021] Figure 4 This is the second schematic diagram of the communication device provided by the present invention.

[0022] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the transmitting device provided by the present invention.

[0023] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the receiving device provided by the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0024] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the technical solutions of this invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0025] The following is combined Figures 1 to 6 The communication methods, apparatus, and devices of the present invention are described.

[0026] To facilitate a clearer understanding of the technical solutions of the various embodiments of this application, some technical content related to the various embodiments of this application will be introduced first.

[0027] In practical applications, to adapt to communication scenarios with limited spectrum resources and controlled hardware costs, attempts are made to reduce spectrum and hardware resource overhead by reducing the number of subcarriers used in OFDM systems. The conventional approach is to directly select the Mo subcarriers with the largest amplitude for transmission, without additional coding and receiver compensation processing. This approach has the following technical drawbacks: (1) Directly reducing the subcarrier will result in the complete loss of bit information on the discarded subcarrier, and the combined effect of channel noise and subcarrier reduction will significantly increase the system bit error rate, seriously affecting the accuracy of information transmission.

[0028] (2) The receiver cannot accurately identify the active subcarriers actually transmitted by the transmitter, and may misjudge the noise signal of the idle subcarrier as a valid signal, further reducing the decoding accuracy.

[0029] (3) No priority division of information bits, no difference in error protection between important information and ordinary information, no transmission priority of coded redundant bits, and limited error correction capability during decoding.

[0030] (4) The discarded subcarriers have no effective means of frequency domain signal reconstruction. The receiver cannot recover the complete OFDM frequency domain data, resulting in a high normalized mean square error of signal reconstruction and a decrease in transmission quality.

[0031] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating the communication method provided by the present invention, as shown below. Figure 1 As shown, the method includes the following: Step 101: Based on the importance of the information bits to be sent, perform unequal error protection coding on the information bits to obtain the coding result.

[0032] Specifically, in this embodiment, the transmitting device first prioritizes the information bits to be transmitted according to their importance, and assigns different repetition coding factors to information bits of different importance levels to form a coding result with hierarchical redundancy. This enables important bits to obtain stronger error protection, thereby achieving differentiated protection between important information and ordinary information, improving the anti-interference and error correction capabilities of key information during transmission, and enhancing transmission reliability.

[0033] For example, this embodiment takes an OFDM system with a total number of subcarriers N=8192, a modulation scheme of BPSK, and a channel of frequency-domain additive white Gaussian noise as an example. Let the original information bit vector be... ,in This represents the total number of information bits. Based on the UEP encoding rules, the information bits to be transmitted are divided into three segments according to their importance. , Differentiated repetition factors are assigned to each segment to achieve hierarchical error protection: First paragraph (Important bits): Repetition factor =5, maximum error protection; Second paragraph (Secondary important bit): Repetition factor =3, medium error protection; Third paragraph (Ordinary bits): Repetition factor =1, basic error protection; Total length after encoding .

[0034] Step 102: After padding the coding result with zeros to a length equal to the number of subcarriers N, modulate the zero-padding coding result to obtain the frequency domain symbols corresponding to the N subcarriers.

[0035] Specifically, in this embodiment of the application, after performing unequal error protection coding on the information bits to be transmitted, the length of the coded data can be padded to match the total number of system subcarriers N, so that each subcarrier corresponds to a frequency domain symbol, forming a complete N-point frequency domain signal, thereby ensuring that the coded data matches the number of OFDM subcarriers and effectively meets the OFDM modulation format requirements.

[0036] For example, the encoded result can be padded with zeros to N bits to obtain the encoded bit vector. , will encode bit vector BPSK modulation is performed to obtain the frequency domain symbols of each subcarrier. The modulation formula is: ,in =1 (BPSK modulation, 1 bit / symbol). , This indicates the first bit in the zero-padding encoded bit vector. bits, This represents the bit index in the encoded bit vector. This represents the subcarrier index, ultimately yielding the frequency domain symbol vector corresponding to the total number of subcarriers. , express 3D complex space, Indicates the first The frequency domain symbols corresponding to each subcarrier.

[0037] Step 103: Determine M active subcarriers from N subcarriers; the M active subcarriers include subcarriers carrying redundant bits in the unequal error protection coding, and subcarriers carrying information bits selected in descending order of amplitude.

[0038] Specifically, after obtaining the frequency domain symbols corresponding to N subcarriers, this application can prioritize selecting subcarriers carrying coded redundant bits, and then select M subcarriers from the remaining subcarriers according to the amplitude of the frequency domain symbols from large to small, so as to make up M subcarriers as active subcarriers for actual transmission. This can prioritize the transmission of redundant bits, ensure that the decoding and error correction capability is not lost, and by selecting information bit subcarriers with large amplitude, the signal energy and noise resistance can be effectively improved. While reducing the number of subcarriers, the effective information and error correction capability are preserved to the maximum extent.

[0039] For example, in this embodiment, the subcarrier retention ratio ρ∈(0,1] can be set according to resource requirements, and the actual number of transmitted subcarriers M=max(1,round(ρN)) can be calculated, where M≤8192, and round is a rounding function. The remaining NM subcarriers are to be discarded and have no physical layer transmission. Optionally, the subcarriers carrying coded redundant bits can be included in the selected set R first, and then the subcarriers with the largest amplitude square can be selected from the subcarriers carrying information bits to supplement the actual number of transmitted subcarriers M, so as to obtain the final set of active subcarriers S (|S|=M), which ensures that redundant bits are transmitted first and improves the subsequent decoding and error correction capabilities.

[0040] Step 104: Send the frequency domain symbols corresponding to the M active subcarriers and the zero-value signals corresponding to the remaining NM subcarriers to the receiving end.

[0041] Specifically, after determining M active subcarriers from N subcarriers, this application can transmit only the effective frequency domain symbols of the M active subcarriers, while filling the remaining NM subcarriers with zeros and not performing actual physical transmission. This significantly reduces the number of subcarriers used, lowers spectrum resources and hardware overhead. The receiver can distinguish between active and idle subcarriers based on zero values ​​and effective signals, thereby achieving lightweight and low-power transmission of the OFDM system while maintaining transmission performance. While reducing the number of transmitted subcarriers, redundant and high-energy information is fully preserved, significantly reducing the system bit error rate and improving transmission reliability and resource utilization in subcarrier reduction scenarios.

[0042] The method described in the above embodiments, by prioritizing the transmission of coded redundant bits and high-energy information bits, retains effective information and error correction capabilities to the maximum extent while reducing the number of subcarriers. This effectively solves the problems of information loss and high bit error rate in traditional subcarrier reduction schemes. While achieving lightweight and low-power transmission, it significantly improves transmission reliability and decoding error correction performance, taking into account both the resource efficiency and transmission quality of the communication system.

[0043] In some embodiments, transmitting the frequency domain symbols corresponding to the M active subcarriers and the zero-value signals corresponding to the remaining NM subcarriers to the receiving end includes: The frequency domain symbols corresponding to the M active subcarriers are sorted and divided into levels according to their amplitude from largest to smallest. The frequency domain symbols in different levels are quantized based on the differentiated quantization bits to obtain the quantized frequency domain symbols. The quantized frequency domain symbols corresponding to the M active subcarriers and the zero-value signals corresponding to the remaining NM subcarriers are sent to the receiving end.

[0044] Specifically, in this embodiment, after determining M active subcarriers, the frequency domain symbols corresponding to the M active subcarriers are sorted and divided into segments according to their amplitude from largest to smallest. A different number of quantization bits are allocated to each segment based on its amplitude difference. Quantization processing with the corresponding number of bits is then performed on the frequency domain symbols within each segment to obtain quantized frequency domain symbols. Frequency domain symbols with larger amplitudes are allocated more quantization bits, while those with smaller amplitudes are allocated relatively fewer quantization bits. This controls quantization overhead while ensuring the transmission accuracy of critical frequency domain information.

[0045] Optionally, after quantizing the frequency domain symbols corresponding to the M active subcarriers, only the quantized frequency domain symbols corresponding to the M active subcarriers are actually transmitted, while the remaining NM subcarriers remain as zero-value signals and are not transmitted at the physical layer. This forms a transmission signal containing only the effective signals of the M active subcarriers and is transmitted to the receiving end. In this way, while retaining the high-precision transmission advantage brought by differentiated quantization, the number of physical transmission subcarriers is effectively reduced, and the spectrum resource overhead is reduced.

[0046] For example, the frequency domain coefficients in the active subcarrier set S can be... Sort by amplitude from largest to smallest, divide into three tiers, and assign differentiated quantization bits. Optionally, the first 30% have the largest amplitudes and the highest information content, corresponding to high quantization bits. The middle 40% corresponds to medium quantization bits. The smallest amplitude in the last 30% corresponds to a low-quantization bit. ;in Based on the quantization bits, such as 8 / 13, the quantization range Quantization step size , This represents a very small constant. Indicates the first The number of quantization bits corresponding to each quantization level Indicates subscript The operation involves taking the maximum value. Optionally, the quantization formula for uniform quantization across all levels is: in, Indicates the first Frequency domain symbol estimates on each subcarrier Represents the quantization function. The operator for extracting the real part of a complex number. Represents the imaginary unit. The operator for extracting the imaginary part of a complex number, and the subcarrier to be discarded ( ) After quantization, set as Finally, the frequency domain symbol of the transmitting end is obtained. That is, only the quantized signals of Mo subcarriers in set S are transmitted, and the subcarriers to be discarded have no physical layer transmission behavior.

[0047] The method described in the above embodiments, by dividing the frequency domain symbols of active subcarriers into amplitude categories and employing differentiated bit quantization, effectively reduces quantization distortion and overhead while ensuring high-precision transmission of key high-amplitude information. Furthermore, by employing a mechanism that only transmits active subcarriers and sets idle subcarriers to zero without physical transmission, the method significantly reduces the number of subcarriers used and the consumption of spectrum resources. This achieves lightweight and low-power transmission while improving the accuracy and anti-interference capability of frequency domain signal transmission, reducing the system bit error rate, and effectively balancing resource utilization efficiency and transmission reliability.

[0048] In some embodiments, the communication method includes: Receive frequency domain signals corresponding to N subcarriers; the frequency domain signals corresponding to N subcarriers include frequency domain symbols corresponding to M active subcarriers and zero-value signals corresponding to NM idle subcarriers; The N subcarriers are sorted from largest to smallest according to the amplitude of their corresponding frequency domain signals. The first M subcarriers are selected as active subcarriers, and the remaining NM subcarriers are selected as idle subcarriers. Decoding is performed on the frequency domain signals corresponding to the active and idle subcarriers to recover the original information bits.

[0049] Specifically, in this embodiment of the application, the receiving end receives the complete frequency domain signal corresponding to N subcarriers sent by the transmitting end. The frequency domain signal is composed of effective frequency domain symbols on M active subcarriers and zero-value signals on NM idle subcarriers. The idle subcarriers have no actual physical layer signal transmission and only appear as zero values ​​or channel noise.

[0050] Optionally, after receiving the frequency domain signals corresponding to N subcarriers, the receiving end can sort the frequency domain signals of each of the N subcarriers from largest to smallest, and select the top M subcarriers with the largest amplitudes as active subcarriers, and determine the remaining subcarriers as idle subcarriers. In this way, the active subcarriers of actual transmission can be accurately identified without prior information, avoiding the misjudgment of noise on idle subcarriers as valid signals, and thus the original information bits of the transmitting end can be accurately restored.

[0051] For example, the transmitter will use the frequency domain symbols of the final actual transmitted set of active subcarriers S. The signal is sent to the frequency domain AWGN channel, and the receiver receives the frequency domain received signal. The channel model is as follows: ,in For independent and identically distributed complex Gaussian noise, the signal-to-noise ratio is... , For the transmitted signal power, This represents the noise power. Since the subcarriers to be discarded have no physical transmission, the receiver only detects noise signals. Optionally, the receiver lacks prior information about the set S of active subcarriers that the transmitter ultimately transmits, and determines the power based on the square of the received signal amplitude. Sort the subcarriers from largest to smallest, and select the top M subcarriers as the set A of detected active subcarriers, i.e., A = {π(1), ..., π(M)}. The remaining NM subcarriers are the set of idle subcarriers. This corresponds to the subcarriers to be discarded at the transmitting end, effectively achieving subcarrier synchronization between the transmitting and receiving ends. Indicates the sorted order of the first... The subcarrier received signal corresponding to each position, π(M) represents the subcarrier index corresponding to the Mth position after sorting the subcarriers in descending order of the square of the received signal amplitude.

[0052] In the method described above, after receiving the frequency domain signals corresponding to N subcarriers, the receiving end automatically identifies and selects the first M subcarriers as active subcarriers based on their amplitude. This method can accurately distinguish between active and idle subcarriers without prior information, avoiding misjudging noise from idle subcarriers as valid signals. It effectively achieves subcarrier synchronization between the transmitting and receiving ends, which can effectively improve the accuracy of information recovery and ensure that the original information bits can still be stably and reliably recovered even in subcarrier reduction transmission scenarios, balancing low resource overhead and high transmission reliability.

[0053] In some embodiments, decoding is performed based on the frequency domain signals corresponding to the active and idle subcarriers to recover the original information bits, including: The frequency domain signal is reconstructed using linear interpolation on NM idle subcarriers; Decoding is performed based on the frequency domain signal corresponding to the active subcarrier and the frequency domain signal of the idle subcarrier after interpolation and reconstruction to recover the original information bits.

[0054] Specifically, in this embodiment, after distinguishing between active and idle subcarriers, the receiving end can utilize the frequency continuity of the OFDM frequency domain signal. Based on the known frequency domain signal of the active subcarrier, it can reconstruct the frequency domain signals of the NM idle subcarriers using a linear interpolation algorithm to recover the complete N-point OFDM frequency domain signal, enabling the idle subcarriers to obtain smooth frequency domain values ​​related to their adjacent subcarriers. Optionally, after reconstructing the frequency domain signal of the NM idle subcarriers using linear interpolation, the actual received frequency domain signal of the active subcarrier and the reconstructed frequency domain signal obtained by linear interpolation of the idle subcarriers can be combined into a complete frequency domain signal, ultimately recovering the original information bits.

[0055] For example, the frequency continuity characteristic of OFDM frequency domain signals, i.e., the strong correlation between the frequency domain coefficients of adjacent subcarriers, can be utilized to analyze the set of idle subcarriers. Linear interpolation is performed on the frequency domain signal to recover the complete 8192-point OFDM frequency domain signal. The formula for restoring the signal from the discarded subcarriers is as follows: in This is the set of active subcarriers sorted by frequency index. It is a linear interpolation function. This represents the sorted active subcarrier index. Indicates that the index is The received signal of the active subcarrier is interpolated to obtain the recovered signal data of the discarded subcarrier, without the need for physical transmission at the transmitting end.

[0056] The method described in the above embodiments utilizes the frequency continuity of OFDM frequency domain signals to perform linear interpolation reconstruction on idle subcarriers, which can completely recover the frequency domain signals of discarded subcarriers. Then, based on the combination of active subcarrier signals and interpolated reconstructed signals to form a complete frequency domain signal for decoding, it can effectively improve signal integrity and decoding reliability, significantly reduce transmission distortion caused by subcarrier discarding, and ensure the accuracy of information recovery at the receiving end and the system transmission quality while achieving low resource overhead.

[0057] In some embodiments, decoding is performed based on the frequency domain signal corresponding to the active subcarrier and the frequency domain signal of the interpolated and reconstructed idle subcarrier to recover the original information bits, including: High-confidence weights are assigned to active subcarriers, and low-confidence weights are assigned to idle subcarriers after interpolation and reconstruction. Weighted soft-decision decoding is then performed in conjunction with the repetition factor of the unequal error protection coding to recover the original information bits.

[0058] Specifically, in this embodiment, after the receiving end obtains the frequency domain signal corresponding to the active subcarrier and the frequency domain signal of the idle subcarrier after interpolation reconstruction, it can assign a high confidence weight to the frequency domain signal of the active subcarrier that is actually transmitted and received by the physical layer, assign a low confidence weight to the frequency domain signal of the idle subcarrier obtained by interpolation calculation, and perform weighted soft metric calculation on each bit based on the repetition factor of the unequal error protection coding of the transmitting end. The decision is made according to the soft metric result, and finally the original information bits are recovered, which significantly reduces the bit error rate and achieves high-precision information recovery in the subcarrier reduction scenario.

[0059] For example, to suppress the impact of interpolation errors and channel noise on decoding, weighted soft-decision decoding is performed in conjunction with UEP coding rules to ultimately recover the original information bits. The specific steps are as follows: (1) Confidence weight allocation: for the active subcarriers of actual transmission Assign high weight (The effective signal received by the physical layer has the highest confidence); discarded subcarriers recovered through interpolation. Assign low weights (The algorithm calculates this, but there are interpolation errors; this reduces the impact on its decoding.) (2) BPSK hard demodulation: for the reconstructed complete frequency domain signal Perform BPSK hard demodulation to obtain demodulated bits. ; (3) Weighted soft decision calculation: combined with the repetition factor of UEP coding Calculate the soft metric for each information bit: ;in To carry the first The first information bit Subcarrier index of each replica; Indicates the first On the subcarrier Weighted soft information of bits, Indicates based on received signal The obtained number The soft decision estimate for each bit.

[0060] (4) Bit Decision: Recover the original information bits based on the soft measurement result. The decision rule is as follows: , For the first The recovered information bit estimate is obtained by taking the estimated values ​​of each recovered information bit and finally obtaining the recovered information bit vector. This completes the entire transmission process.

[0061] The method described above, by assigning high confidence weights to the active subcarriers that are actually received and low confidence weights to the idle subcarriers that are reconstructed by interpolation, and performing weighted soft-decision decoding in combination with the repetition factor of the unequal error protection coding, can effectively suppress interpolation errors and channel noise interference, strengthen the decoding priority of important bits, improve decoding reliability and decision accuracy, and stably and accurately recover the original information bits in the transmission scenario of subcarrier reduction.

[0062] For example, this application provides a communication method, as follows: (1) The transmitting end divides the information bits into levels according to their importance and assigns different repetition factors (1 / 3 / 5 times). Important bits have a higher number of repetitions. At the same time, a redundancy-first subcarrier selection strategy is adopted to map the coded redundant bits to the transmission subcarrier first, ensuring the basis for error correction during decoding and solving the problems of undifferentiated protection and easy loss of redundant bits. (2) The transmitting end divides the selected active subcarrier frequency domain coefficients into three levels: high, medium, and low according to the amplitude. More quantization bits are allocated to coefficients with large amplitudes to ensure the quantization accuracy of key frequency domain information, reduce signal distortion introduced by quantization, and solve the signal loss problem caused by fixed quantization accuracy. (3) The receiver automatically identifies the set of active subcarriers actually transmitted by the transmitter based on the amplitude of the received frequency domain signal, avoiding misjudging the noise of idle subcarriers as valid signals and solving the problem of subcarrier asynchrony between the receiver and the transmitter.

[0063] (4) The receiver performs linear interpolation on the frequency domain signal of the active subcarrier to recover the complete N-point OFDM frequency domain spectrum, thus solving the problem of signal incompleteness caused by the discarding of subcarriers.

[0064] (5) The receiver assigns different confidence weights (1 / 0.5) to the active subcarrier and the interpolated subcarrier, and performs weighted soft decision decoding in combination with the UEP coding rules to reduce the impact of noise and interpolation errors on decoding and solve the problem that hard decoding is sensitive to noise and distortion.

[0065] The method described above reduces the number of subcarriers while compensating for signal loss from five dimensions: information protection, signal quantization, synchronization detection, signal reconstruction, and decoding optimization, effectively ensuring system transmission performance.

[0066] For example, as shown in Figures 2(a), 2(b), 2(c) and 2(d), through experimental verification, the method of this application achieves multi-dimensional performance improvement compared with the traditional scheme of directly reducing subcarriers. The specific technical effects are as follows: (1) The bit error rate (BER) remains stable and is significantly reduced: Through the combined effect of UEP coding, redundancy priority selection and weighted soft decoding, the system BER can still maintain a level roughly equivalent to that of full subcarrier transmission (ρ=1, M=8192), which improves the problem of BER sudden increase caused by subcarrier reduction; (2) Signal reconstruction High accuracy and low distortion: Combining linear interpolation and amplitude adaptive quantization with the frequency domain continuity of OFDM, the normalized mean square error (NMSE) of the system is greatly reduced, and the reconstructed time-frequency domain signal has a high similarity to the original signal, effectively compensating for the signal distortion caused by the discarding of subcarriers; (3) Strong compatibility and easy integration: This scheme is based on the traditional OFDM system architecture and is improved. The core modules such as FFT / IFFT and modulation and demodulation do not need to be modified. Only the encoding / quantization module is added at the transmitting end and the detection / interpolation / decoding module is added at the receiving end, which is easy to integrate with the existing OFDM communication system. In summary, the performance of this scheme is verified by two sets of simulations: ① No noise, changing the subcarrier retention ratio ρ (0.9~1); ② Fixed ρ (0.9~1), changing SNR (-30~30dB), the performance of this scheme is significantly better than the traditional reference scheme.

[0067] The communication device provided by the present invention will be described below. The communication device described below can be referred to in correspondence with the communication method described above. For example, Figure 3 As shown, the communication device includes: The encoding module 310 is used to perform unequal error protection encoding on the information bits to be transmitted according to their importance, and obtain the encoding result. The modulation module 320 is used to pad the encoding result with zeros to a length equal to the number of subcarriers N, and then modulate the zero-padding encoding result to obtain frequency domain symbols corresponding to N subcarriers; The processing module 330 is used to determine M active subcarriers from N subcarriers; the M active subcarriers include subcarriers carrying redundant bits in unequal error protection coding, and subcarriers carrying information bits selected in descending order of amplitude; The transmitting module 340 is used to transmit the frequency domain symbols corresponding to the M active subcarriers and the zero-value signals corresponding to the remaining NM subcarriers to the receiving end.

[0068] For example, this application also provides a communication device, such as Figure 4 As shown, it includes: The receiving module 410 is used to receive frequency domain signals corresponding to N subcarriers; the frequency domain signals corresponding to N subcarriers include frequency domain symbols corresponding to M active subcarriers and zero-value signals corresponding to NM idle subcarriers. The processing module 420 is used to sort the N subcarriers according to the amplitude of their respective frequency domain signals from largest to smallest, select the first M subcarriers as active subcarriers, and the remaining NM subcarriers as idle subcarriers. The decoding module 430 is used to perform decoding processing based on the frequency domain signals corresponding to the active subcarriers and idle subcarriers to recover the original information bits.

[0069] Figure 5 An example is a schematic diagram of the physical structure of a transmitting device, such as... Figure 5 As shown, the electronic device may include a processor 510, a communications interface 520, a memory 530, and a communication bus 540. The processor 510, communications interface 520, and memory 530 communicate with each other via the communication bus 540. The processor 510 can call logic instructions in the memory 530 to execute a communication method. This method includes: performing unequal error protection coding on the information bits to be transmitted according to their importance, obtaining a coding result; padding the coding result with zeros to a length equal to the number of subcarriers N, then modulating the zero-padding coding result to obtain frequency domain symbols corresponding to N subcarriers; determining M active subcarriers from the N subcarriers; the M active subcarriers include subcarriers carrying redundant bits in the unequal error protection coding, and subcarriers carrying information bits selected in descending order of amplitude; and transmitting the frequency domain symbols corresponding to the M active subcarriers and the zero-value signals corresponding to the remaining NM subcarriers to the receiving end.

[0070] Furthermore, the logical instructions in the aforementioned memory 530 can be implemented as software functional units and, when sold or used as independent products, can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present invention, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or a part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in the various embodiments of the present invention. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as USB flash drives, portable hard drives, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), magnetic disks, or optical disks.

[0071] Figure 6 An example is a schematic diagram of the physical structure of a transmitting device, such as... Figure 6 As shown, the electronic device may include a processor 610, a communications interface 620, a memory 630, and a communication bus 640. The processor 610, communications interface 620, and memory 630 communicate with each other via the communication bus 640. The processor 610 can call logical instructions in the memory 630 to execute a communication method. This method includes: receiving frequency domain signals corresponding to N subcarriers; the frequency domain signals corresponding to the N subcarriers include frequency domain symbols corresponding to M active subcarriers and zero-value signals corresponding to NM idle subcarriers; sorting the N subcarriers according to the amplitude of their respective frequency domain signals from largest to smallest, selecting the first M subcarriers as active subcarriers, and the remaining NM subcarriers as idle subcarriers; and performing decoding processing based on the frequency domain signals corresponding to the active and idle subcarriers to recover the original information bits.

[0072] On the other hand, the present invention also provides a computer program product, which includes a computer program that can be stored on a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium. When the computer program is executed by a processor, the computer can execute the communication methods provided by the above methods. The method includes: performing unequal error protection coding on the information bits to be transmitted according to their importance to obtain a coding result; padding the coding result with zeros to a length equal to the number of subcarriers N, and then modulating the zero-padding coding result to obtain frequency domain symbols corresponding to N subcarriers; determining M active subcarriers from the N subcarriers; the M active subcarriers include redundancy carried in the unequal error protection coding. The receiver receives the M active subcarriers and the NM idle subcarriers, selected in descending order of amplitude to carry information bits. Alternatively, it receives the frequency domain signals corresponding to the N subcarriers, which include the frequency domain symbols corresponding to the M active subcarriers and the zero-value signals corresponding to the NM idle subcarriers. The receiver sorts the N subcarriers according to the amplitude of their respective frequency domain signals in descending order, selecting the first M subcarriers as active subcarriers and the remaining NM subcarriers as idle subcarriers. It then performs decoding based on the frequency domain signals corresponding to the active and idle subcarriers to recover the original information bits.

[0073] In another aspect, the present invention also provides a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implements the communication method provided by the above methods. The method includes: performing unequal error protection coding on information bits according to their importance, obtaining a coding result; padding the coding result with zeros to a length equal to the number of subcarriers N, then modulating the zero-padding coding result to obtain frequency domain symbols corresponding to N subcarriers; determining M active subcarriers from the N subcarriers; the M active subcarriers include subcarriers carrying redundant bits in the unequal error protection coding, and subcarriers with amplitudes from... The system selects subcarriers carrying information bits from largest to smallest; it transmits the frequency domain symbols corresponding to the M active subcarriers and the zero-value signals corresponding to the remaining NM subcarriers to the receiving end; or, it receives the frequency domain signals corresponding to the N subcarriers; the frequency domain signals corresponding to the N subcarriers include the frequency domain symbols corresponding to the M active subcarriers and the zero-value signals corresponding to the NM idle subcarriers; it sorts the N subcarriers according to the amplitude of their respective frequency domain signals from largest to smallest, selects the first M subcarriers as active subcarriers, and the remaining NM subcarriers as idle subcarriers; it performs decoding processing based on the frequency domain signals corresponding to the active and idle subcarriers to recover the original information bits.

[0074] The device embodiments described above are merely illustrative. The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate. The components shown as units may or may not be physical units; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the modules can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs. Those skilled in the art can understand and implement this without any creative effort.

[0075] Through the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that each embodiment can be implemented by means of software plus necessary general-purpose hardware platforms, and of course, it can also be implemented by hardware. Based on this understanding, the above technical solutions, in essence or the part that contributes to the prior art, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, such as ROM / RAM, magnetic disk, optical disk, etc., and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute the methods described in the various embodiments or some parts of the embodiments.

[0076] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A communication method, characterized in that, include: Based on the importance of the information bits to be transmitted, the information bits are subjected to unequal error protection encoding to obtain the encoding result; After padding the coding result with zeros to a length equal to the number of subcarriers N, the zero-paddled coding result is modulated to obtain frequency domain symbols corresponding to N subcarriers; M active subcarriers are determined from the N subcarriers; the M active subcarriers include subcarriers carrying redundant bits in the unequal error protection coding, and subcarriers carrying information bits selected in descending order of amplitude; The frequency domain symbols corresponding to the M active subcarriers and the zero-value signals corresponding to the remaining NM subcarriers are sent to the receiving end.

2. The communication method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of sending the frequency domain symbols corresponding to the M active subcarriers and the zero-value signals corresponding to the remaining NM subcarriers to the receiving end includes: The frequency domain symbols corresponding to the M active subcarriers are sorted and divided into levels according to their amplitude from largest to smallest. The frequency domain symbols in different levels are quantized based on the differentiated quantization bits to obtain the quantized frequency domain symbols. The quantized frequency domain symbols corresponding to the M active subcarriers and the zero-value signals corresponding to the remaining NM subcarriers are sent to the receiving end.

3. A communication method, characterized in that, include: Receive frequency domain signals corresponding to N subcarriers; the frequency domain signals corresponding to the N subcarriers include frequency domain symbols corresponding to M active subcarriers and zero-value signals corresponding to NM idle subcarriers; The N subcarriers are sorted from largest to smallest according to the amplitude of their corresponding frequency domain signals, and the first M subcarriers are selected as active subcarriers, while the remaining NM subcarriers are selected as idle subcarriers. Decoding is performed on the frequency domain signals corresponding to the active subcarrier and the idle subcarrier to recover the original information bits.

4. The communication method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The decoding process based on the frequency domain signals corresponding to the active subcarrier and the idle subcarrier to recover the original information bits includes: The frequency domain signal is reconstructed using linear interpolation on NM idle subcarriers; Decoding is performed on the frequency domain signal corresponding to the active subcarrier and the frequency domain signal of the idle subcarrier after interpolation and reconstruction to recover the original information bits.

5. The communication method according to claim 4, characterized in that, Decoding is performed based on the frequency domain signal corresponding to the active subcarrier and the frequency domain signal of the interpolated and reconstructed idle subcarrier to recover the original information bits, including: The active subcarriers are assigned high confidence weights, the idle subcarriers after interpolation and reconstruction are assigned low confidence weights, and weighted soft-decision decoding is performed in combination with the repetition factor of the unequal error protection coding to recover the original information bits.

6. A communication device, characterized in that, include: The encoding module is used to perform unequal error protection encoding on the information bits to be transmitted according to their importance, and obtain the encoding result; The modulation module is used to pad the encoding result with zeros to a length equal to the number of subcarriers N, and then modulate the zero-padding encoding result to obtain frequency domain symbols corresponding to N subcarriers; The processing module is used to determine M active subcarriers from the N subcarriers; the M active subcarriers include subcarriers carrying redundant bits in unequal error protection coding, and subcarriers carrying information bits selected in descending order of amplitude; The transmitting module is used to transmit the frequency domain symbols corresponding to the M active subcarriers and the zero-value signals corresponding to the remaining NM subcarriers to the receiving end.

7. A communication device, characterized in that, include: The receiving module is used to receive frequency domain signals corresponding to N subcarriers; The frequency domain signals corresponding to the N subcarriers include the frequency domain symbols corresponding to the M active subcarriers and the zero-value signals corresponding to the NM idle subcarriers; The processing module is used to sort the N subcarriers according to the amplitude of their respective frequency domain signals from largest to smallest, select the first M subcarriers as active subcarriers, and the remaining NM subcarriers as idle subcarriers. The decoding module is used to perform decoding processing based on the frequency domain signals corresponding to the active subcarrier and the idle subcarrier to recover the original information bits.

8. A transmitting device, comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and running on the processor, characterized in that, When the processor executes the computer program, it implements the communication method as described in claim 1 or 2.

9. A receiving device, comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and running on the processor, characterized in that, When the processor executes the computer program, it implements the communication method as described in any one of claims 3 to 5.

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