An intelligent detection system for aerosol pathogenic microorganisms based on real-time monitoring of air quality

Abstract

This application discloses an intelligent detection system for aerosol pathogens based on real-time air quality monitoring, relating to the fields of bioaerosols and air quality monitoring. The system includes: a mobile unit that patrols along a preset route; an air quality monitoring unit that collects air quality data from each sampling point; an aerosol collection unit that collects aerosol samples when air quality data exceeds a threshold; a nucleic acid detection unit that uses a detection kit to detect the aerosol samples; and an intelligent control unit that, when air quality data exceeds the corresponding threshold, activates the aerosol collection unit to continue patrolling along the preset route; activates the nucleic acid detection unit to perform pooled testing of samples; if the pooled test result exceeds the pathogen threshold, the system revisits each contaminated area to collect aerosol samples and activates the nucleic acid detection unit to perform individual sample testing; if the individual test result exceeds the pathogen threshold, the system uploads the data to the terminal for early warning. This application enhances the accuracy and timeliness of target pathogen detection.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of bioaerosols and air quality monitoring, and in particular to an intelligent detection system for aerosol pathogenic microorganisms based on real-time air quality monitoring. Background Technology

[0002] Indoor air pollution has become a major global health threat. Humans spend approximately 90% of their time indoors each day, making indoor air quality significantly impact human health. Data from 2023 indicates that approximately 2-4 million people die annually from indoor air pollution. Monitoring and detecting aerosol pathogens is a crucial task in modern environmental monitoring, public health, and industrial production. Global outbreaks and pandemics have highlighted aerosols as a significant medium for air pollution and infectious disease transmission. Indoor air quality is closely related to aerosol microbial pollution. Indoor air quality (such as temperature, humidity, particulate matter concentration, carbon dioxide, and formaldehyde / total VOC concentration) directly affects the formation, survival, and spread of bioaerosols. Temperature and humidity determine the activity and survival ability of microorganisms and influence the suspension and diffusion range of aerosols. Furthermore, the sedimentation and adsorption of particulate matter and chemical pollutants on indoor surfaces provide a microenvironment for microbial attachment and reproduction, facilitating further dissemination of aerosol microorganisms.

[0003] The traditional approach of conducting indoor air quality monitoring and aerosol microbial detection separately has several shortcomings. Traditional indoor air quality monitoring typically involves installing air quality monitors at fixed locations, with little mobile monitoring and a lack of technology and equipment for simultaneous monitoring of indoor air quality and infectious pathogens. Traditional bioaerosol detection relies primarily on manual sampling and laboratory analysis, such as membrane sampling, centrifugation, or impactor sampling, followed by analysis using microscopy, culture methods, fluorescence staining, ELISA, or PCR. While these technologies are mature, they typically require significant time and manpower, especially for continuous monitoring. Furthermore, manual sampling can introduce human error, affecting the reliability and accuracy of the data. Traditional aerosol microbial monitoring models have limitations, including limited scope, high costs, and limited information, impacting the accuracy of monitoring and early warning systems. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this application is to provide an intelligent detection system for aerosol pathogens based on real-time air quality monitoring, so as to improve the accuracy and efficiency of aerosol pathogen detection.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this application provides the following solution: In a first aspect, this application provides an intelligent detection system for aerosol pathogenic microorganisms based on real-time air quality monitoring, comprising: a mobile unit, an air quality monitoring unit, an aerosol collection unit, a nucleic acid detection unit, and an intelligent control unit; wherein the mobile unit, the air quality monitoring unit, the aerosol collection unit, and the nucleic acid detection unit are all connected to the intelligent control unit; The mobile unit is used to carry the air quality monitoring unit, the aerosol collection unit, the nucleic acid detection unit, and the intelligent control unit to conduct inspections according to a preset route; The air quality monitoring unit is used to collect air quality data at each sampling point along the preset route; The aerosol collection unit is used to collect aerosol samples at the corresponding location when the air quality data exceeds the threshold. The nucleic acid detection unit is used to detect the aerosol sample using detection kits for different pathogenic microorganisms to obtain detection results; The intelligent control unit is used for: Determine whether the air quality data exceeds the corresponding concentration threshold; If so, the current location is determined to be a contaminated area, the aerosol collection unit is activated, and the data collection location and time are recorded. The inspection continues according to the preset route. If not, continue the inspection according to the preset route; After the inspection is completed, the nucleic acid testing unit is activated to complete the pooled testing of all the aerosol samples and obtain the pooled testing results; If the pooled test result exceeds the pathogen threshold, the mobile unit is controlled to move to each of the data collection locations to perform secondary aerosol sampling. After the secondary sampling is completed, the nucleic acid detection unit is activated to complete the individual detection of aerosol samples at each sampling point. If the individual test result exceeds the pathogen threshold, a task record is generated and uploaded to the terminal for early warning. The task record includes data collection coordinates, collection time, pooled test result, and individual test result. If the pooled test result or the single test result does not exceed the pathogenic microorganism threshold, a task record is generated and archived.

[0006] In one embodiment, the mobile unit is further provided with a depth camera and an ultrasonic sensor; the depth camera and the ultrasonic sensor are connected to the intelligent control unit; The intelligent control unit is also used to control the mobile unit to avoid obstacles on the preset route based on the images captured by the depth camera and the data captured by the ultrasonic sensor.

[0007] In one embodiment, a handle is provided above the moving unit; the handle is used to manually push the moving unit.

[0008] In one embodiment, the mobile unit further includes an emergency stop knob; the emergency stop knob is used to temporarily suspend the inspection of the mobile unit.

[0009] In one embodiment, the air quality monitoring unit includes: a laser particulate matter sensor, an infrared non-dispersive carbon dioxide sensor, an electrochemical ozone sensor, and a formaldehyde / TVOC sensor; the air quality data includes PM2.5 concentration, carbon dioxide concentration, ozone concentration, formaldehyde concentration, and TVOC concentration. The laser particulate sensor is used to collect PM2.5 concentration; The infrared non-dispersive carbon dioxide sensor is used to collect carbon dioxide concentration; The electrochemical ozone sensor is used to collect ozone concentration; The formaldehyde / TVOC sensor is used to collect formaldehyde concentration or TVOC concentration.

[0010] In one embodiment, the aerosol collection unit includes: a sampling fan, a sampling tube, a replenishment pump, a replenishment bottle, an outlet pump, a waste liquid pool, and a sampling tube mounting frame; The sampling fan collects air through its built-in ventilation function; the sampling cylinder adopts a centrifugal structure; the replenishment pump draws sampling liquid from the replenishment bottle and delivers it to the sampling cylinder through the liquid guide tube; The discharge pump draws the sampled liquid from the sampling tube and discharges it to the waste liquid pool, the detection box for different pathogenic microorganisms, or the manual discharge port; The sampling tube holder is used to fix the sampling tube.

[0011] In one embodiment, the nucleic acid detection unit includes: a test box opening and closing bottle cap gripper, a test box tray, a test box, a test box conveying slide, a test box insertion and removal card slide, a test box gripper, a detector, a control board, a test box identification module, and a metal bracket; The detection box, the bottle cap clamp, the detection box, the detection box conveying slide, and the detection box insert / removal card slide are fixed on a metal bracket; a detection box identification module is installed above the detection box tray to identify the detection box information; the detection box tray is fixed on the detection box conveying slide. The test box gripper is fixed to the bottom of the test box insertion and removal card slide, the tester is placed on the metal bracket and fixed with screws, and the control board is fixed to the right side of the metal bracket. The control panel is used for: The controller opens the bottle cap of the detection box by controlling the bottle cap opening claw to receive the aerosol sample. After receiving the sample, the controller tightens the bottle cap of the detection box again to seal it. The movement of the detection box insertion and removal slide is controlled, which in turn controls the forward and backward movement of the detection box gripper. The detection box gripper picks up the detection box and inserts it into a set position inside the detector. The detector is used to extract and amplify nucleic acid from aerosol samples in the detection box to complete the qualitative or quantitative analysis of pathogenic microorganisms. After the test is completed, the control board controls the test box gripper to remove the test box from the tester, automatically reads the test results and uploads them to the intelligent control unit.

[0012] In one embodiment, the test box conveying slide includes multiple slots, one of which holds one test box.

[0013] In one embodiment, the intelligent control unit includes: a monitoring data analysis module, a sampling path planning module, a sampling system trigger control module, an automatic return and charging control module, a sample testing module, and an early warning decision and notification module; The monitoring data analysis module is used to determine the polluted area based on the air quality data; The sampling path planning module is used to determine a secondary sampling route based on the data collection location when the pooled test results exceed the pathogen threshold. The sampling system trigger control module is used to perform inspections according to the secondary sampling path and send sampling instructions to the aerosol collection unit to perform secondary sampling in the polluted area. The automatic return and charging control module is used to monitor the power status and inspection progress of the mobile unit. When the power is lower than the preset value or the inspection is completed, it controls the mobile unit to return to the charging pile for charging. The sample testing module is used to trigger the nucleic acid detection unit to start after sampling is completed, and to control the transfer of the aerosol sample to the detection box of different pathogenic microorganisms for nucleic acid extraction and detection process; The early warning decision and notification module is used to control the mobile unit to go to each of the data collection locations to perform secondary aerosol sampling if the pooled test result exceeds the pathogen threshold. After the secondary sampling is completed, the nucleic acid detection unit is started to complete the individual detection of aerosol samples at each sampling point. If the individual test result exceeds the pathogen threshold, a task record is generated and uploaded to the terminal for early warning. If the pooled test result or the individual test result does not exceed the pathogen threshold, a task record is generated and archived.

[0014] In one embodiment, it further includes: a charging pile; the charging pile is used to charge the mobile unit.

[0015] According to the specific embodiments provided in this application, this application has the following technical effects: This application provides an intelligent detection system for aerosol pathogenic microorganisms based on real-time air quality monitoring. The system includes: a mobile unit, an air quality monitoring unit, an aerosol collection unit, a nucleic acid detection unit, and an intelligent control unit. The mobile unit, air quality monitoring unit, aerosol collection unit, and nucleic acid detection unit are all connected to the intelligent control unit. The mobile unit carries the air quality monitoring unit, aerosol collection unit, nucleic acid detection unit, and intelligent control unit, and patrols along a preset route. The air quality monitoring unit collects air quality data at each sampling point along the preset route. The aerosol collection unit collects aerosol samples at corresponding locations when the air quality data exceeds a threshold. The nucleic acid detection unit uses detection kits for different pathogenic microorganisms to detect the aerosol samples and obtain detection results. The intelligent control unit… The system is used to: determine whether air quality data exceeds the corresponding concentration threshold; if so, determine the current location as a polluted area, activate the aerosol sampling unit, record the data collection coordinates and time, and continue inspection along the preset route; if not, continue inspection along the preset route; after inspection, activate the nucleic acid detection unit to perform pooled testing of all aerosol samples and obtain pooled test results; if the pooled test results exceed the pathogen threshold, control the mobile unit to proceed to each data collection location for secondary aerosol sampling; after secondary sampling, activate the nucleic acid detection unit to perform individual testing of aerosol samples at each sampling point; if the individual test results exceed the pathogen threshold, generate a task record and upload it to the terminal for early warning; if the pooled test results or the individual test results do not exceed the pathogen threshold, generate a task record and archive it. This system intelligently triggers the aerosol sampling unit based on real-time monitoring results from air pollutant chemical sensing, dynamically adjusts the sampling route and area of ​​bioaerosols, and activates the microfluidic nucleic acid detection unit. It issues timely warnings based on the test results, significantly enhancing the accuracy and timeliness of target pathogen detection and monitoring. Attached Figure Description

[0016] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0017] Figure 1 A structural block diagram of an intelligent detection system for aerosol pathogenic microorganisms based on real-time air quality monitoring, provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 2 A front view of the structure of an intelligent detection system for aerosol pathogenic microorganisms based on real-time air quality monitoring, provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of an intelligent detection system for aerosol pathogenic microorganisms based on real-time air quality monitoring, provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an aerosol collection unit provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a nucleic acid detection unit provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of carbon dioxide monitoring results at different time periods provided in an embodiment of this application; Attached reference numerals: 1. Display screen; 2. Emergency stop knob; 3. Air inlet filter; 4. Left side hinged door; 5. Left side door lock; 6. Aerosol collection unit; 7. Depth camera; 8. Operation indicator light; 9. Ultrasonic sensor; 10. Handle; 11. Moving unit housing; 12. Right side hinged door; 13. Left side door lock; 14. Nucleic acid detection unit; 15. Power switch; 16. Computer switch; 17. Chassis; 18. Air outlet; 19. Rear cover lock; 20. Sensor module; 21. Rear cover; 22. Charging port; 23. Charging electrode; 24. Sampling fan; 25. Sampling tube; 26. Replenishment pump; 27. Replenishment bottle; 28. Discharge button; 29. ​​Discharge pump; 30. Sampling tube holder; 31. Liquid outlet needle assembly; 32. Waste liquid pool; 33. Detector box cap clamp; 34. Liquid level sensor; 35. Detector box tray; 36. Detector box; 37. Detector box conveying slide; 38. Dry yellow tube; 39. Detector box insertion / removal slide; 40. Detector box clamp; 41. Detector; 42. Control board; 43. Detector box identification module; 44. Metal bracket. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0019] To make the above-mentioned objectives, features and advantages of this application more apparent and understandable, the application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0020] To address the limitations of current indoor air health hazard monitoring technologies, such as fixed-point sampling, limited monitoring types, and insufficient accuracy and real-time performance, making it difficult to simultaneously monitor chemical pollutants and pathogenic microorganisms, this application provides a real-time online monitoring system for indoor air health hazard factors based on a mobile robot platform. This system integrates key technologies such as automatic aerosol sampling, multi-parameter chemical sensing and microfluidic PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction) pathogen analysis, and intelligent data analysis, enabling collaborative monitoring and intelligent response to chemical pollutants and pathogenic microorganisms. This detection system achieves multi-point dynamic cruising and sampling of the indoor environment through an autonomous mobile unit, covering different functional areas; it has developed a high-sensitivity chemical sensor to monitor typical chemical pollutants such as PM2.5, formaldehyde, O3, TVOC (Total Volatile Organic Compounds), and CO2 in real time; and it has created a cascade mechanism of "chemical monitoring - intelligent triggering - microbial detection". When the concentration of chemical pollutants exceeds the threshold, the microfluidic chip unit is automatically activated to perform nucleic acid extraction and targeted PCR analysis on aerosol samples, enabling rapid and accurate identification of pathogens such as influenza A / B viruses, mycoplasma pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus, and Acinetobacter baumannii.

[0021] The intelligent detection system for aerosol pathogens based on real-time air quality monitoring proposed in this application can monitor indoor air quality in an unattended manner. Based on a comprehensive assessment of air quality data, it collects and detects aerosol contamination areas. When infectious pathogens are detected, the system automatically alarms and uploads the data via network, providing a rapid and scientific basis for indoor air quality management and pathogen control. Specifically, this is reflected in the following aspects: (1) Integrated multi-dimensional monitoring: chemical sensors and microfluidic PCR detection system enable simultaneous monitoring of chemical pollutants and aerosol pathogens in the air, expand the monitoring dimensions of harmful factors in indoor air, and ensure the reliability of health risk assessment.

[0022] (2) Adaptive sampling technology is adopted: the mobile unit predicts the aerosol pollution area based on the air quality monitoring data in the monitoring area, and dynamically adjusts the collection route and area of ​​bioaerosols to ensure the effectiveness of aerosol collection samples.

[0023] (3) Precise detection: The microfluidic PCR technology for important pathogens in indoor aerosols has been established. Compared with the traditional laser monitoring method for bioaerosols, it significantly enhances the accuracy of detection and monitoring of target pathogens and has the fully automated advantage of "sample in - result out".

[0024] (4) Intelligent feedback: Introduce data fusion technology, intelligently process monitoring data, analyze the relationship between conventional air quality pollution and pathogenic bioaerosol pollution, establish a microfluidic PCR detection unit intelligent triggering system based on the real-time monitoring results of pollutant chemical sensing, and dynamically adjust the sampling route and area of ​​bioaerosols while ensuring full coverage, effectively monitoring bioaerosol pathogens in key indoor areas.

[0025] In one exemplary embodiment, such as Figures 1-5 As shown, an intelligent detection system for aerosol pathogenic microorganisms based on real-time air quality monitoring is provided, including: a mobile unit, an air quality monitoring unit, an aerosol collection unit 6, a nucleic acid detection unit 14, and an intelligent control unit; the mobile unit, the air quality monitoring unit, the aerosol collection unit 6, and the nucleic acid detection unit 14 are all connected to the intelligent control unit.

[0026] The mobile unit carries the air quality monitoring unit, the aerosol collection unit 6, the nucleic acid detection unit 14, and the intelligent control unit to conduct inspections along a preset route.

[0027] The mobile unit can control the entire system to move autonomously, and built-in sensors can be used to avoid obstacles.

[0028] In this embodiment, the mobile unit is also equipped with a depth camera 7 and an ultrasonic sensor 9; the depth camera 7 and the ultrasonic sensor 9 are connected to the intelligent control unit; the intelligent control unit controls the mobile unit to avoid obstacles on the preset route based on the images collected by the depth camera 7 and the data collected by the ultrasonic sensor 9.

[0029] With the intelligent control unit pre-set, the mobile unit can carry the aerosol collection unit 6, the nucleic acid detection unit 14 and the air quality monitoring unit to move and sample along a pre-designed route.

[0030] Furthermore, the mobile unit is equipped with an air quality monitoring unit, an aerosol collection unit 6, a nucleic acid detection unit 14, and an intelligent control unit. By combining a depth camera 7 and an ultrasonic sensor 9, the device can automatically collect bioaerosols in the air at preset times, locations, and routes, and automatically detect microorganisms in sample solutions. A handle 10 is provided for moving the robot, and a handle is provided on top of the mobile unit for pushing the mobile unit. An air outlet 18 is provided below the handle 10.

[0031] The mobile unit also includes an emergency stop knob 2; the emergency stop knob 2 is used to temporarily suspend the inspection of the mobile unit.

[0032] In addition, such as Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the display screen 1 is fixed at the upper opening of the mobile unit housing 11, the emergency stop knob 2 is fixed at the position shown in the figure on the mobile unit housing 11, the air inlet filter 3 is inserted from the opening at the upper end of the left side door 4, the left side door lock 5 is fixed on the left side door 4, the left side door 4 is placed on the left side of the mobile unit housing 11, and a stainless steel rod is passed through the left side door 4 and the mobile unit housing 11 to fix the left side door 4 to the mobile unit housing 11.

[0033] The depth camera 7 and motion indicator light 8 are fixedly placed inside the housing 11 of the mobile unit.

[0034] The ultrasonic sensor 9 is fixed to the front of the chassis 17 of the mobile unit housing 11.

[0035] The handle 10 is installed at the rear end of the mobile unit housing 11, and the right door lock 13 passes through the middle round hole on the left side of the right flip door 12 and is fixed to the right flip door 12.

[0036] The power switch 15 is located at the lower front end of the mobile unit housing 11 and is secured to the mobile unit housing 11 with two plastic cable ties.

[0037] The computer switch 16 passes through the base 17 and is fixed to the base 17.

[0038] The rear cover lock 19 passes through the central round hole at the upper end of the rear cover 21, and then the rear cover lock 19 is fixed to the rear cover 21 with a nut. The charging port 22 is inserted into the round hole at the rear end of the base 17 and fixed with screws. The charging electrode 23 is located below the charging port 22.

[0039] The air quality monitoring unit is used to collect air quality data at each sampling point along the preset route.

[0040] In this embodiment, the air quality monitoring unit includes: a laser particulate matter sensor, an infrared non-dispersive carbon dioxide sensor, an electrochemical ozone sensor, and a formaldehyde / TVOC sensor; the air quality data includes PM2.5 concentration, carbon dioxide concentration, ozone concentration, formaldehyde concentration, and TVOC concentration.

[0041] The laser particulate sensor is used to collect PM2.5 concentration.

[0042] The infrared non-dispersive carbon dioxide sensor is used to collect carbon dioxide concentration.

[0043] The electrochemical ozone sensor is used to collect ozone concentration.

[0044] The formaldehyde / TVOC sensor is used to collect formaldehyde concentration or TVOC concentration.

[0045] In this embodiment, the air quality monitoring unit is an all-in-one gas sensor module that can simultaneously measure 4 to 8 gas indicators and provide trigger signals.

[0046] The sensor module 20 is mounted on the outside of the rear cover 21. The sensor module 20 integrates a laser particulate matter sensor, an infrared non-dispersive carbon dioxide sensor, an electrochemical ozone sensor, and a formaldehyde / TVOC sensor combining the latest electrochemical and semiconductor principles, used to acquire particulate matter concentration (PM2.5 concentration), carbon dioxide concentration, ozone concentration, and formaldehyde / TVOC concentration, respectively. The sensor also incorporates a temperature and humidity sensor chip.

[0047] The sensor module 20 monitors air quality parameters in real time, including PM2.5, PM0.3, formaldehyde, O3, TVOC, CO2, temperature and humidity, and uploads the data to the intelligent control unit in real time.

[0048] The aerosol collection unit 6 is used to collect aerosol samples at the corresponding location when the air quality data exceeds the threshold.

[0049] In this embodiment, the aerosol collection unit 6 includes: a sampling fan 24, a sampling tube 25, a replenishment pump 26, a replenishment bottle 27, an outlet pump 29, a waste liquid pool 32, and a sampling tube fixing frame 30.

[0050] like Figure 2 and Figure 4 As shown, the inlet of the aerosol collection unit 6 is located on the surface of the mobile unit, and an air inlet filter 3 is provided at the inlet to prevent impurities in the air from entering the aerosol collection unit 6. The sampling fan 24 is fixed inside the upper part of the mobile unit housing 11. The replenishment pump 26 is inserted into the round hole on the front of the mobile unit housing 11 and then fixed to the front of the mobile unit housing 11. The replenishment bottle 27 is directly inserted into the square opening on the front of the mobile unit housing 11. The liquid dispensing button 28 passes through the round hole at the upper right end of the mobile unit housing 11 and is then fixed inside the housing 11. The liquid dispensing pump 29 is inserted into the round hole at the lower right end of the mobile unit housing 11 and fixed to the right side of the mobile unit housing 11. The sampling tube fixing bracket 30 needs to be inserted into the round hole at the front end of the mobile unit housing 11. The sampling tube 25 is placed into the mobile unit housing 11 at an angle, and the bottom of the sampling tube fixing bracket 30 is inserted, first pressing it down and then straightening it.

[0051] The liquid outlet pin assembly 31 is fixed to the mobile unit housing 11. The bottom round hole of the waste liquid pool 32 needs to be aligned with the protrusion on the mobile unit housing 11.

[0052] The sampling fan 24 collects air through its built-in exhaust function. The sampling cylinder 25 adopts a centrifugal structure and contains a preset sampling solution. The replenishment pump 26 draws sampling solution from the replenishment bottle 27 and replenishes it into the sampling cylinder 25 through the liquid guide tube to ensure sufficient sampling solution.

[0053] After sampling, the discharge pump 29 discharges the sampled liquid from the sampling tube 25 to the waste liquid tank 32, the detection box for different pathogenic microorganisms, or the manual discharge port. The sampling tube holder 30 securely positions the sampling tube 25 to ensure stable operation of the equipment. The discharge needle assembly 31 controls the position of the discharge needle to accurately discharge the liquid to the desired location. The waste liquid tank 32 is used to collect useless liquid generated during system operation, keeping the equipment clean.

[0054] The nucleic acid detection unit 14 is used to detect the aerosol sample using detection kits for different pathogenic microorganisms to obtain detection results.

[0055] In this embodiment, as Figure 5 As shown, the nucleic acid detection unit 14 includes: a detection box opening and closing bottle cap gripper 33, a detection box tray 35, a detection box 36, a detection box conveying slide 37, a detection box insertion and removal card slide 39, a detection box gripper 40, a detector 41, a control board 42, a detection box identification module 43, and a metal bracket 44.

[0056] The detection box opening and closing bottle cap gripper 33, liquid level sensor 34, detection box 36, detection box conveying slide 37, and detection box insertion and removal card slide 39 are fixed to the metal bracket 44. A detection box identification module 43 is installed above the detection box tray 35 to identify the detection box information; the detection box tray 35 is fixed on the detection box conveying slide 37, and the reed switch 38 is attached to the internal groove at the front of the instrument housing 11.

[0057] The test box conveying slide 37 includes multiple slots, with one test box 36 placed in each slot. In this embodiment, the test box conveying slide 37 can be designed with 4 slots, which can simultaneously hold 4 test boxes 36, thereby realizing automatic detection of multiple test boxes 36, and detecting different pathogens by selecting test boxes 36 for different pathogens.

[0058] The test box clamp 40 is fixed to the bottom of the test box insertion and removal slide 39, the tester 41 is placed on the metal bracket 44 and fixed with screws, and the control board 42 is fixed to the right side of the metal bracket 44.

[0059] The control board 42 is used for: The detection box opening and closing bottle cap gripper 33 is controlled to open the bottle cap of the detection box 36 to receive the aerosol sample. After receiving the sample, the detection box opening and closing bottle cap gripper 33 is controlled to tighten and seal the bottle cap of the detection box 36 again. The detection box insertion and removal slide 39 is controlled to move, thereby controlling the back and forth movement of the detection box gripper 40. The detection box gripper 40 grabs the detection box 36 and inserts it into the detection instrument 41 at a set position. The detector 41 is used to extract and amplify nucleic acid from the aerosol samples in the detection box 36 to complete the qualitative or quantitative analysis of pathogenic microorganisms. After the test is completed, the control board 42 controls the test box gripper 40 to remove the test box 36 from the tester 41, automatically reads the test results and uploads them to the intelligent control unit.

[0060] The nucleic acid testing unit 14 operates as follows: the bottle cap clamp 33 opens the cap of the test box 36, preparing for liquid addition; after liquid addition, the bottle cap clamp 33 tightens the cap for sealing. A test box identification module 43 is installed above the test box tray 35 to identify relevant information about the test box 36. The test box tray 35 is mounted on the test box transport slide 37, which precisely positions the test boxes by moving left and right. During the testing process, the reed switch 38 automatically detects whether the waste liquid tank 32 is correctly installed. The test box insertion / removal slide 39 controls the forward and backward movement of the test box clamp 40, grabbing the test box 36 and inserting it into the detector 41. The detector 41 tests the sample in the test box 36, and after testing, the test box clamp 40 removes the test box. All testing processes are centrally controlled and monitored in real time by the control board 42 to ensure accurate and stable operation.

[0061] The detector 41 has a detection box gripper 40 at the detection chamber door position. The main function of the detection box gripper 40 is to move the detection box 36 into or out of the detection chamber. The detection box transport slide 37 is designed directly below the detection box gripper 40. The function of the detection box transport slide 37 is to move the detection box 36 to the detection chamber door position, the sample liquid addition position, the opening and closing position. The automatic addition of sample liquid and automatic detection of the detection box 36 are realized through the control board 42 and other components.

[0062] The intelligent control unit is used for: Determine whether the air quality data exceeds the corresponding concentration threshold; If so, the current location is determined to be a contaminated area, aerosol collection unit 6 is activated, and the data collection location and collection time are recorded. The inspection continues according to the preset route. If not, continue the inspection according to the preset route; After the inspection is completed, the nucleic acid detection unit 14 is activated to complete the pooled detection of all the aerosol samples and obtain the pooled detection results; If the pooled test result exceeds the pathogen threshold, the mobile unit is controlled to move to each of the data collection locations to perform secondary aerosol sampling. After the secondary sampling is completed, the nucleic acid detection unit is activated to complete the individual detection of aerosol samples at each sampling point. If the individual test result exceeds the pathogen threshold, a task record is generated and uploaded to the terminal for early warning. The task record includes data collection coordinates, collection time, pooled test result, and individual test result. If the pooled test result or the single test result does not exceed the pathogenic microorganism threshold, a task record is generated and archived.

[0063] In this embodiment, the intelligent control unit includes a control device and a signal receiver / transmitter. The control device, according to a pre-designed program, enables the robot (mobile unit) to perform tasks in a specified mode. The signal receiver / transmitter transmits detected data to the cloud for convenient management. It also includes a display screen 1 for operator interaction and program access.

[0064] Furthermore, the intelligent control unit comprehensively analyzes and judges air quality monitoring data, selecting areas with potentially high concentrations of bioaerosol pollution for sampling and detection, thus detecting pathogenic microorganism contamination at the lowest cost. Simultaneously, based on changes in air quality parameters, the robot can automatically adjust the aerosol sampling sites and detection frequency (automatically sampling on-site at locations where at least one of PM2.5, CO2, and TVOC levels exceeds the standard), responding more flexibly to environmental pollution levels. This adaptive mechanism improves detection efficiency, ensuring increased sampling frequency when aerosol concentrations are high and decreased frequency when concentrations are low, thereby optimizing resource utilization and task execution.

[0065] In one embodiment, the intelligent control unit includes: a monitoring data analysis module, a sampling path planning module, a sampling system trigger control module, an automatic return and charging control module, a sample testing module, and an early warning decision and notification module.

[0066] The monitoring data analysis module is used to determine the polluted area based on the air quality data.

[0067] The sampling path planning module is used to determine a secondary sampling route based on the data collection location when the pooled test results exceed the pathogen threshold.

[0068] The sampling system trigger control module is used to perform inspections according to the secondary sampling path and send sampling instructions to the aerosol collection unit 6 to perform secondary sampling in the polluted area.

[0069] The automatic return and charging control module is used to monitor the power status and inspection progress of the mobile unit. When the power is lower than the preset value or the inspection is completed, it controls the mobile unit to return to the charging pile for charging.

[0070] The sample testing module is used to trigger the nucleic acid detection unit 14 to start after sampling is completed, and to control the transfer of the aerosol sample to the detection box of different pathogenic microorganisms for nucleic acid extraction and detection.

[0071] The early warning decision and notification module is used to control the mobile unit to go to each of the data collection locations to perform secondary aerosol sampling if the pooled test result exceeds the pathogen threshold. After the secondary sampling is completed, the nucleic acid detection unit is started to complete the individual detection of aerosol samples at each sampling point. If the individual test result exceeds the pathogen threshold, a task record is generated and uploaded to the terminal for early warning. If the pooled test result or the individual test result does not exceed the pathogen threshold, a task record is generated and archived.

[0072] The intelligent control unit comprises a monitoring data analysis module, a sampling path planning module, a sampling system trigger control module, an automatic return and charging control module, a sample testing module, and an early warning decision and notification module. The monitoring data analysis module calculates pollutant concentrations and analyzes their spatiotemporal distribution, predicts aerosol risk areas, and performs in-situ pooled sampling. If the aerosol nucleic acid test is positive, it plans a sampling route. The sampling device invokes commands, autonomously navigates to the sampling point to collect and label samples, and performs sample quality self-checks. Then, the automatic return and charging control triggers the sample testing module, automatically transferring the sample to the testing box. The nucleic acid testing unit 14 is activated, and after testing, test data is collected and results are analyzed. If the test results exceed the threshold, an early warning report is generated and disseminated through multiple channels such as WeChat, SMS, and an app. If the test results do not exceed the threshold, the generated report is automatically archived. The intelligent control unit can comprehensively evaluate various values ​​uploaded by the air quality monitoring unit and predict the areas with the most severe bioaerosol pollution. It can prioritize high-pollution areas for focused monitoring and sampling, thereby improving the accuracy and efficiency of air quality detection.

[0073] In one embodiment, it further includes: a charging pile; the charging pile is used to charge the mobile unit.

[0074] The operation process of the intelligent detection system for aerosol pathogens based on real-time air quality monitoring in this application is as follows: Users can manually preset the robot's task route (select map + point order) through the management platform (terminal), and set the earliest and latest task time each day, as well as how long after a single task ends to execute the next task (a task is considered to be completed after all abnormal point collection and single point detection are completed). After the robot starts, it conducts real-time air quality monitoring according to a preset time and route. The air quality monitoring unit monitors air quality indicators such as PM2.5, carbon dioxide, and ozone. Based on the real-time air quality monitoring and analysis data, it quickly predicts the location of aerosol microbial contamination areas. If the air quality index (CO2, TVOC, PM2.5) exceeds the standard, it performs real-time aerosol sampling on-site for several minutes (which can be set). After sampling, it continues to patrol. After the robot completes a preset full route patrol, it automatically returns to the charging station and triggers the activation of the nucleic acid detection unit 14 to perform mixed testing (each collection takes about 15 minutes. When the battery level is below 40%, it returns to the charging station to recharge and perform mixed testing on the already collected samples. After full charge, it completes the data collection for the remaining route). It obtains and analyzes the nucleic acid detection data results of aerosol pathogens. If the pathogen detection result is positive (mixed testing), the robot records all abnormalities in all mixed testing batches and regenerates all the coordinates of the abnormalities into new detection coordinates. The robot collects aerosol samples at individual sites according to the new detection coordinate sequence and directly returns to the charging pile for testing until all abnormal coordinates have been sampled and tested. The robot can upload the task execution status to the management platform as a task record, which includes at least the task time for each exit from the charging pile, the coordinates and time of data collection, and the detection results for each coordinate. After sampling, the robot returns to the charging pile location, and the liquid pump automatically delivers the collected sample liquid (aerosol sample) to the detection box. The detection box conveying slide and detection box gripper send the detection box into the detector, which automatically detects the types of pathogenic microorganisms in the sample liquid. If the test result is positive, an alarm is triggered. When air quality changes abnormally, especially when the aerosol concentration rises above the warning value, the robot automatically follows a preset route to conduct line patrol monitoring, sampling, and testing.

[0075] This robot has been deployed in hospitals, monitoring air quality in two phases based on daily work schedules: 8:00 AM to 9:00 PM and 10:00 PM to 7:00 AM. The data results are as follows: Figure 6 As shown. Typically, CO2 concentrations in enclosed spaces are below 1000 ppm, but levels above 2000 ppm are definitely unacceptable. From Figure 6 The results show that the CO2 concentration in crowded, poorly ventilated, and frequently active places is much higher than that in well-ventilated professional laboratories.

[0076] This application proposes an intelligent detection system for aerosol pathogenic microorganisms based on real-time air quality monitoring. The system aims to address bottlenecks in related technologies, providing a more efficient, flexible, and accurate automated environmental monitoring method, and offering technical support for public health risk management and environmental protection. The system adopts a modular design, organically integrating functional modules such as air quality monitoring, bioaerosol collection and automatic detection, and a mobile unit to form a flexible and scalable architecture. The air quality monitoring unit can acquire environmental parameters such as temperature, humidity, and particulate matter concentration in real time, providing data support for the dynamic monitoring of bioaerosols. The bioaerosol collection and automatic detection unit achieves efficient capture, automated identification, and quantitative analysis of microbial aerosols, improving the accuracy and efficiency of detection. The mobile unit possesses autonomous navigation and environmental adaptability, enabling configuration adjustments and flexible upgrades of functional modules according to different application scenarios (such as hospitals, laboratories, and public places) to meet the diverse needs of air quality and microbial pollution monitoring tasks. Simultaneously, the modular design reduces system maintenance costs and the difficulty of technical upgrades, facilitating future expansion of new functions and optimization of system performance.

[0077] The beneficial effects of the intelligent detection system for aerosol pathogens based on real-time air quality monitoring proposed in this application are as follows: ① The mobile unit patrols indoors according to a predetermined area, the air quality monitoring unit monitors indoor air in real time, and the intelligent control unit predicts the distribution area of ​​high-concentration aerosols by analyzing indoor air quality monitoring data; ② The intelligent control unit autonomously designs a route based on the predicted high-concentration aerosol distribution area and proceeds to collect aerosols; ③ After sampling, the intelligent control unit activates the nucleic acid detection module to quickly detect aerosol pathogens, and automatically alarms when the pathogen detection result is positive; ④ The mobile unit can carry various pathogen detection reagent cartridges, suitable for various real-time on-site detection needs of different pathogens; ⑤ The mobile unit is applicable to various indoor scenarios, with short detection time, accurate detection results, and low cost. In summary, it achieves complete closed-loop control of indoor environmental aerosol pathogens from monitoring to early warning, with adaptive, automated, and intelligent decision-making characteristics, and can efficiently respond to environmental pollution monitoring and emergency response needs.

[0078] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0079] This document uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of this application. The descriptions of the above embodiments are only for the purpose of helping to understand the methods and core ideas of this application. Furthermore, those skilled in the art will recognize that, based on the ideas of this application, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope. Therefore, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of this application.

Claims

1. An intelligent detection system for aerosol pathogenic microorganisms based on real-time air quality monitoring, characterized in that, include: The system includes a mobile unit, an air quality monitoring unit, an aerosol collection unit, a nucleic acid detection unit, and an intelligent control unit; the mobile unit, the air quality monitoring unit, the aerosol collection unit, and the nucleic acid detection unit are all connected to the intelligent control unit. The mobile unit is used to carry the air quality monitoring unit, the aerosol collection unit, the nucleic acid detection unit, and the intelligent control unit to conduct inspections according to a preset route; The air quality monitoring unit is used to collect air quality data at each sampling point along the preset route; The aerosol collection unit is used to collect aerosol samples at the corresponding location when the air quality data exceeds the threshold. The nucleic acid detection unit is used to detect the aerosol sample using detection kits for different pathogenic microorganisms to obtain detection results; The intelligent control unit is used for: Determine whether the air quality data exceeds the corresponding concentration threshold; If so, the current location is determined to be a contaminated area, the aerosol collection unit is activated, and the data collection location and time are recorded. The inspection continues according to the preset route. If not, continue the inspection according to the preset route; After the inspection is completed, the nucleic acid testing unit is activated to complete the pooled testing of all the aerosol samples and obtain the pooled testing results; If the pooled test result exceeds the pathogen threshold, the mobile unit is controlled to move to each of the data collection locations to perform secondary aerosol sampling. After the secondary sampling is completed, the nucleic acid detection unit is activated to complete the individual detection of aerosol samples at each sampling point. If the individual test result exceeds the pathogen threshold, a task record is generated and uploaded to the terminal for early warning. The task record includes data collection coordinates, collection time, pooled test result, and individual test result. If the pooled test result or the single test result does not exceed the pathogenic microorganism threshold, a task record is generated and archived.

2. The intelligent detection system for aerosol pathogenic microorganisms based on real-time air quality monitoring according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mobile unit is also equipped with a depth camera and an ultrasonic sensor; the depth camera and the ultrasonic sensor are connected to the intelligent control unit. The intelligent control unit is also used to control the mobile unit to avoid obstacles on the preset route based on the images captured by the depth camera and the data captured by the ultrasonic sensor.

3. The intelligent detection system for aerosol pathogenic microorganisms based on real-time air quality monitoring according to claim 1, characterized in that, A handle is provided on the top of the moving unit; the handle is used to manually push the moving unit.

4. The intelligent detection system for aerosol pathogenic microorganisms based on real-time air quality monitoring according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mobile unit also includes an emergency stop knob; the emergency stop knob is used to temporarily suspend the inspection of the mobile unit.

5. The intelligent detection system for aerosol pathogenic microorganisms based on real-time air quality monitoring according to claim 1, characterized in that, The air quality monitoring unit includes: a laser particulate matter sensor, an infrared non-dispersive carbon dioxide sensor, an electrochemical ozone sensor, and a formaldehyde / TVOC sensor; the air quality data includes PM2.5 concentration, carbon dioxide concentration, ozone concentration, formaldehyde concentration, and TVOC concentration; The laser particulate sensor is used to collect PM2.5 concentration; The infrared non-dispersive carbon dioxide sensor is used to collect carbon dioxide concentration; The electrochemical ozone sensor is used to collect ozone concentration; The formaldehyde / TVOC sensor is used to collect formaldehyde concentration or TVOC concentration.

6. The intelligent detection system for aerosol pathogenic microorganisms based on real-time air quality monitoring according to claim 1, characterized in that, The aerosol collection unit includes: a sampling fan, a sampling tube, a replenishment pump, a replenishment bottle, an outlet pump, a waste liquid pool, and a sampling tube mounting frame; The sampling fan collects air through its built-in ventilation function; the sampling cylinder adopts a centrifugal structure; the replenishment pump draws sampling liquid from the replenishment bottle and delivers it to the sampling cylinder through the liquid guide tube; The discharge pump draws the sampled liquid from the sampling tube and discharges it to the waste liquid pool, the detection box for different pathogenic microorganisms, or the manual discharge port; The sampling tube holder is used to fix the sampling tube.

7. The intelligent detection system for aerosol pathogenic microorganisms based on real-time air quality monitoring according to claim 1, characterized in that, The nucleic acid detection unit includes: a test box opening and closing bottle cap gripper, a test box tray, a test box, a test box conveying slide, a test box insertion and removal card slide, a test box gripper, a detector, a control board, a test box identification module, and a metal bracket; The detection box, the bottle cap clamp, the detection box, the detection box conveying slide, and the detection box insert / removal card slide are fixed on a metal bracket; a detection box identification module is installed above the detection box tray to identify the detection box information; the detection box tray is fixed on the detection box conveying slide. The test box gripper is fixed to the bottom of the test box insertion and removal card slide, the tester is placed on the metal bracket and fixed with screws, and the control board is fixed to the right side of the metal bracket. The control panel is used for: The controller opens the bottle cap of the detection box by controlling the bottle cap opening claw to receive the aerosol sample. After receiving the sample, the controller tightens the bottle cap of the detection box again to seal it. The movement of the detection box insertion and removal slide is controlled, which in turn controls the forward and backward movement of the detection box gripper. The detection box gripper picks up the detection box and inserts it into a set position inside the detector. The detector is used to extract and amplify nucleic acid from aerosol samples in the detection box to complete the qualitative or quantitative analysis of pathogenic microorganisms. After the test is completed, the control board controls the test box gripper to remove the test box from the tester, automatically reads the test results and uploads them to the intelligent control unit.

8. The intelligent detection system for aerosol pathogenic microorganisms based on real-time air quality monitoring according to claim 7, characterized in that, The test box conveyor slide includes multiple slots, and one test box is placed in each slot.

9. The intelligent detection system for aerosol pathogenic microorganisms based on real-time air quality monitoring according to claim 1, characterized in that, The intelligent control unit includes: a monitoring data analysis module, a sampling path planning module, a sampling system trigger control module, an automatic return and charging control module, a sample testing module, and an early warning decision and notification module. The monitoring data analysis module is used to determine the polluted area based on the air quality data; The sampling path planning module is used to determine a secondary sampling route based on the data collection location when the pooled test results exceed the pathogen threshold. The sampling system trigger control module is used to perform inspections according to the secondary sampling path and send sampling instructions to the aerosol collection unit to perform secondary sampling in the polluted area. The automatic return and charging control module is used to monitor the power status and inspection progress of the mobile unit. When the power is lower than the preset value or the inspection is completed, it controls the mobile unit to return to the charging pile for charging. The sample testing module is used to trigger the nucleic acid detection unit to start after sampling is completed, and to control the transfer of the aerosol sample to the detection box of different pathogenic microorganisms for nucleic acid extraction and detection process; The early warning decision and notification module is used to control the mobile unit to go to each of the data collection locations to perform secondary aerosol sampling if the pooled test result exceeds the pathogen threshold. After the secondary sampling is completed, the nucleic acid detection unit is started to complete the individual detection of aerosol samples at each sampling point. If the individual test result exceeds the pathogen threshold, a task record is generated and uploaded to the terminal for early warning. If the pooled test result or the individual test result does not exceed the pathogen threshold, a task record is generated and archived.

10. The intelligent detection system for aerosol pathogenic microorganisms based on real-time air quality monitoring according to claim 9, characterized in that, Also includes: Charging stations; The charging station is used to charge the mobile unit.

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