A flexible reject device and method for an underground coal mine dry separator

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of dry separator rejection, in particular to a flexible rejection device and method for underground coal mine dry separator, which is installed at the tail of the dry separator and used for separating and rejecting the gangue and coal recognized by the dry separator to two parallel conveyer belts under the discharge device; the device comprises side plates on the left and right sides; the side plates are fixed on the support; the inner side of the two side plates is drivingly connected with a transmission roller at the upper position; the outer wall of the transmission roller is drivingly connected with a transmission belt; a nozzle is arranged below the transmission belt; a plurality of nozzles are uniformly distributed in the left-right direction; the nozzles can change the spray angle and direction under control; a push plate is arranged below the nozzles; the present application integrates the two different rejection mechanisms of nozzle blowing and push plate rejection in the same rejection device, and realizes the linkage of the structure and the adjustment of the posture, so as to realize flexible rejection according to the particle size characteristics of the coal gangue and achieve the purpose of efficient separation of underground coal gangue of all particle sizes.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of dry separator rejection technology, specifically a flexible rejection device and method for underground dry separators in coal mines. Background Technology

[0002] Coal and gangue separation is a crucial step in coal mine production to improve coal resource utilization efficiency and ensure stable system operation. Due to the complex underground mining conditions, non-coal materials are inevitably carried in the coal flow. If these materials enter subsequent processes without effective separation, it will not only reduce coal quality but also increase the burden of ineffective transportation and processing, resulting in energy and cost waste. Coal and gangue separation can remove non-coal materials underground or in early stages, reducing the amount of ineffective materials entering hoisting, crushing, washing, and pneumatic conveying systems, thus reducing system operating pressure from the source. From a system operation perspective, coal and gangue separation can significantly improve subsequent process conditions; effective separation can... Reducing the impact of material hardness and composition fluctuations on conveying, crushing, and sorting equipment reduces equipment wear and failure risks, improving the continuity and safety of system operation. Especially when employing highly integrated processes such as crushing-pneumatic conveying, stable and controllable material characteristics are a prerequisite for reliable process operation. From a resource and economic perspective, coal gangue sorting helps improve the quality of raw coal entering the washing process, reduces coal loss and repeated processing costs, and creates conditions for the subsequent utilization or disposal of gangue. By rationally controlling the proportion and state of gangue entering subsequent processes, efficient utilization of coal resources can be achieved, improving the overall production efficiency and economic benefits of the mine.

[0003] Existing coal and gangue separation devices mostly employ single separation methods such as nozzle blowing or mechanical pushers. However, in the dry separation process in underground coal mines, the particle size distribution of coal and gangue materials is wide, and different particle sizes of coal and gangue differ significantly in terms of mass, inertia, and stress characteristics. Existing underground dry separators mostly use single rejection methods such as nozzle blowing or mechanical pushers, and their rejection mechanisms have obvious limitations on the applicable range of material particle size. When the coal and gangue particle size is large, the material mass and inertia are large, and the aerodynamic force generated by nozzle blowing is difficult to achieve effective rejection. When the coal and gangue particle size is small, problems such as unstable pushing, entrainment, or missed rejection are prone to occur during mechanical pusher rejection, making it difficult to guarantee rejection accuracy. Therefore, when using a single separation method, the range of coal and gangue particle sizes that the device can effectively handle is narrow, which is difficult to meet the needs of full-size coal and gangue separation under actual working conditions. Therefore, there is an urgent need to design a flexible separation device that is compatible with both separation methods. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To overcome the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention proposes a flexible rejection device and method for dry coal separators in underground coal mines. This invention integrates two different rejection mechanisms, nozzle blowing and push plate rejection, in the same rejection device, and realizes their structural linkage and attitude adjustment, thereby achieving flexible rejection based on the particle size characteristics of coal and gangue, and achieving the goal of efficient sorting of coal and gangue of all particle sizes underground.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by this invention to solve its technical problem is as follows: A flexible rejection device for a coal mine dry separator, installed at the tail of the dry separator, is used to separate and reject gangue and coal identified by the dry separator onto two parallel conveyor belts under the discharge device. The device includes left and right side plates; the side plates are fixed to a support; a transmission roller is driven to the upper inner side of the two side plates; a transmission belt is driven to the outer wall of the transmission roller; a nozzle is arranged below the transmission belt; multiple nozzles are evenly distributed in the left-right direction; the nozzles can change their spray angle and direction under control; a push plate is provided below the nozzle; the push plate can be driven to flip upwards and reset; the push plate and the nozzles work together to achieve flexible rejection of coal and gangue materials.

[0006] Preferably, the nozzle is connected to the spray frame and is connected to a solenoid valve, which is sequentially connected to an air tank, a refrigerated dryer, and an air compressor; the bottom of the front end of the spray frame is rotatably connected to a push frame, and the bottom of the rear end of the spray frame is hinged to a first cylinder; the other end of the first cylinder is hinged to the push frame; a push plate is hinged to the rear position below the push frame; a vertical frame is fixedly connected to the front position of the push frame; a connecting rod is hinged to one side of the vertical frame and the push plate; two connecting rods are hinged to one end of a second cylinder, and the other end of the second cylinder is hinged to the lower surface of the push frame; a pull seat is provided below the push frame; the pull seat is connected to the end of the connecting rod connected to the second cylinder through a first tension spring.

[0007] Preferably, a vertical plate is fixedly connected between the two side plates; an extension surface is inclinedly provided on the upper surface of the vertical plate; the extension surface is tangent to the surface of the transmission belt; a nozzle is provided at the upper position of the extension surface; a trigger groove is provided at the lower position of the extension surface; a trigger rod extending to the trigger groove is fixedly connected to the two side plates; a trigger plate is rotatably connected to the outer surface of the trigger rod; multiple trigger plates are evenly and adjacently distributed along the axial direction of the trigger rod; an arc-shaped groove is provided in the trigger groove; an arc-shaped strip is slidably connected in the arc-shaped groove; the arc-shaped strip is connected to the bottom of the arc-shaped groove by an arc-shaped first spring; the arc-shaped strip is fixedly connected to the inner side of the trigger plate; a vertical surface is provided on the rear side of the vertical plate; the vertical plate... The upper part of the front panel has adjacent and evenly distributed partition plates along the left and right directions; multiple partition plates are combined into a push plate; each partition plate has a partition hole extending through it from the left and right sides; the partition hole passes through a partition rod from the left and right sides; the left end of the partition rod is driven by a lower motor; the outer wall of the partition rod has grooves evenly distributed around its circumference; the two sides of the partition plate have arc-shaped movable grooves; a movable sleeve is movably and sealingly connected to the movable groove; the movable sleeve is coaxial with the partition hole; the inner wall of the movable sleeve has an annular connecting groove; the inner wall of the partition hole has locking grooves evenly distributed, communicating with the connecting groove; a locking bar is slidably connected to the locking groove; the connecting groove communicates with the arc-shaped groove through a one-way liquid inlet and a one-way liquid outlet.

[0008] Preferably, a spray groove is provided at the upper position of the extended surface; a spray head is rotatably connected in the spray groove; multiple spray grooves are evenly distributed in the left-right direction; multiple spray grooves are connected to a rotating hole in the left and right directions; a rotating rod is rotatably connected in the rotating hole; the left end of the rotating rod is driven by an upper motor; the rotating rod is fixedly connected to the spray head; a pipe groove is provided inward in the spray groove; a flexible hose moves in the pipe groove with gaps; the flexible hose communicates with the inside of the spray head.

[0009] Preferably, the front side of the vertical plate has an arc-shaped boss protruding forward; the front end of the arc-shaped boss has an arc-shaped adjustment groove communicating with the arc-shaped groove; an arc-shaped adjustment strip is movably and sealingly connected in the adjustment groove; a first threaded hole is provided between the outer wall of the arc-shaped boss and the inner wall of the arc-shaped adjustment groove; a first bolt is threadedly connected in the first threaded hole; one end of the adjustment strip is connected to one end of a first spring, and the other end of the first spring is connected to the arc-shaped strip.

[0010] Preferably, the front ends of the plurality of adjustment bars are jointly fixed to the first crossbar.

[0011] Preferably, the front side of the vertical plate has a rectangular boss protruding forward; the front end of the rectangular boss has a shielding groove communicating with a one-way liquid outlet; a shielding strip is slidably and sealingly connected in the shielding groove; a second threaded hole is provided on the outer wall of the rectangular boss communicating with the inner wall of the shielding groove; a second bolt is threadedly connected in the second threaded hole.

[0012] Preferably, the front ends of the plurality of shielding strips are jointly fixed to the second crossbar.

[0013] Preferably, a clearance groove is provided at the upper rear side of the vertical plate; the clearance groove is connected to the plate by an independent second tension spring.

[0014] A flexible rejection method for coal mine dry separators, applicable to the aforementioned flexible rejection device for coal mine dry separators, comprises the following steps: S1: The dry separator will identify coal and gangue materials and obtain material particle size and location information; S2: When small or light material is detected and it is coal gangue suitable for pneumatic action, control the nozzle to spray airflow so that the target is sprayed to a distant conveyor belt, thus completing the pneumatic removal process of the target material. S3: When a material with a large or heavy particle size is detected and is not suitable for the blown coal gangue, the push plate is controlled to flip upwards. The push plate will push the target to a more distant conveyor belt, completing the mechanical removal process of the target material. S4: During the operation of the nozzle, control the rotation of the nozzle to adjust the direction and angle of the nozzle spray; S5: Based on the changes in coal and gangue particle size distribution, dynamically select the injection removal or push plate removal method to achieve coordinated sorting of coal and gangue of all particle sizes.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: 1. This invention integrates two different rejection mechanisms, nozzle blowing and push plate rejection, in the same rejection device, and realizes their structural linkage and attitude adjustment, thereby achieving flexible rejection according to the particle size characteristics of coal and gangue, and achieving the purpose of efficient sorting of coal and gangue of all particle sizes underground.

[0016] 2. This invention uses a trigger plate to trigger the corresponding sub-plate, causing the sub-plate at the corresponding position to flip upwards, thereby triggering the corresponding sub-plate to work. This ensures that while pushing the gangue material, the minimum number of sub-plates are driven, thus reducing energy consumption and increasing the pushing speed.

[0017] 3. By changing the triggering force of the trigger plate, this invention enables gangue of different weights to trigger the separating plate and realize the pushing of the separating plate, thus making it more widely applicable.

[0018] 4. This invention changes the unlocking speed of the dividing plate and the dividing bar by controlling the medium return speed in the locking groove and the connecting groove, thereby changing the time after the dividing plate is locked, and thus meeting different conveying or material rejection requirements. Attached Figure Description

[0019] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0020] Figure 1This is a structural diagram of one embodiment of the device of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of another embodiment of the device of the present invention; Figure 3 yes Figure 2 A stereoscopic view from another angle; Figure 4 yes Figure 3 Enlarged view of point A in the middle; Figure 5 yes Figure 3 Enlarged view of point B in the middle; Figure 6 This is a perspective view of the vertical plate, trigger plate, and sub-plate in this invention; Figure 7 yes Figure 6 Enlarged view of point C in the middle; Figure 8 This is a perspective view of the partition plate and trigger plate in this invention; Figure 9 This is a perspective view of the partition plate in this invention; Figure 10 This is a cross-sectional view of the one-way liquid inlet and one-way liquid outlet in this invention. Figure 11 This is a flowchart of the method in this invention.

[0021] In the diagram: Side plate 1, bracket 2, transmission belt 3, transmission roller 31, nozzle 4, push plate 5, spray frame 6, pull base 60, first tension spring 601, solenoid valve 61, air tank 62, refrigerated dryer 63, air compressor 64, push frame 65, first cylinder 66, vertical frame 67, connecting rod 68, second cylinder 69, vertical plate 7, hose 70, extension surface 71, arc-shaped boss 711, adjusting groove 712, adjusting strip 713, first threaded hole 714, first bolt 715, first crossbar 716, trigger groove 72, rectangular boss 721, shielding groove 72 2. Shielding strip 723, second threaded hole 724, second bolt 725, second crossbar 726, arc groove 73, clearance groove 732, second tension spring 733, vertical surface 74, spray groove 75, rotating hole 76, rotating rod 77, upper motor 78, pipe groove 79, trigger plate 8, trigger rod 81, arc strip 82, first spring 83, dividing plate 9, dividing hole 91, dividing rod 92, lower motor 93, rod groove 94, movable groove 95, movable sleeve 96, connecting groove 97, one-way liquid inlet hole 971, one-way liquid outlet hole 972, locking groove 98, locking bar 99. Detailed Implementation

[0022] To make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects of this invention easier to understand, the invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0023] like Figures 1 to 11As shown, the present invention includes the following embodiments: Example 1: A flexible rejection device for a coal mine dry separator. This device is installed at the tail end of the dry separator to separate and reject gangue and coal identified by the dry separator onto two parallel conveyor belts below the discharge device. The device includes left and right side plates 1. The side plates 1 are fixed to a support 2. A transmission roller 31 is driven to the upper inner side of each of the two side plates 1. A transmission belt 3 is driven to the outer wall of the transmission roller 31. A nozzle 4 is positioned below the transmission belt 3. Multiple nozzles 4 are evenly distributed in the left-right direction. The nozzles 4 can change their spray angle and direction under control. A push plate 5 is positioned below each nozzle 4. The push plate 5 can be driven to flip upwards and reset. The push plate 5 works in conjunction with the nozzles 4 to achieve flexible rejection of coal and gangue materials.

[0024] This device can selectively remove either coal or gangue. When the coal contains a high amount of gangue, the coal is removed, while the gangue falls freely onto different, parallel conveyor belts. Conversely, when the coal contains a low amount of gangue, the gangue is removed, while the coal falls freely onto different, parallel conveyor belts. Taking gangue removal as an example, after the dry separator identifies the coal and gangue materials and obtains particle size and location information, it identifies gangue with a smaller particle size suitable for aerodynamic action. When spraying coal, the nozzle 4 is controlled to spray airflow, thereby spraying the coal to a farther conveyor belt, while the coal falls to a closer conveyor belt without being sprayed by the nozzle 4. When larger coal particles are detected that are not suitable for the nozzle 4, the push plate 5 is controlled to flip upwards. The push plate 5 will push the larger coal to a farther conveyor belt, while the coal will fall freely to a closer conveyor belt without being pushed by the push plate 5. During the spraying process of the nozzle 4, the direction and angle of the airflow sprayed by the nozzle 4 can be changed by adjusting the nozzle 4. This invention integrates two different rejection mechanisms—the nozzle 4 for blowing and the pusher plate 5 for rejection—in the same rejection device, and achieves structural linkage and adjustable posture, thereby realizing flexible rejection based on the particle size characteristics of coal and gangue, and achieving the goal of efficient sorting of coal and gangue of all particle sizes underground.

[0025] Example 2 ( Figure 1The nozzle 4 is connected to the spray frame 6 and is connected to a solenoid valve 61. The solenoid valve 61 is connected in sequence to the air tank 62, the refrigerated dryer 63, and the air compressor 64. The bottom of the front end of the spray frame 6 is rotatably connected to the push frame 65, and the bottom of the rear end of the spray frame 6 is hinged to the first cylinder 66. The other end of the first cylinder 66 is hinged to the push frame 65. The push plate 5 is hinged to the lower rear position of the push frame 65. The vertical frame 67 is fixedly connected to the front position of the push frame 65. The vertical frame 67 and the push plate 5 are hinged to a connecting rod 68 close to each other. The two connecting rods 68 are hinged to one end of the second cylinder 69, and the other end of the second cylinder 69 is hinged to the lower surface of the push frame 65. A pull seat 60 is provided below the push frame 65. The pull seat 60 is connected to the end of the connecting rod 68 connected to the second cylinder 69 through a first tension spring 601.

[0026] The number of nozzles 4 corresponds to the position and number of solenoid valves 61 and is connected. The solenoid valves 61 are two-position, two-way solenoid valves used to achieve high-speed opening and closing control of nozzles 4, in order to meet the requirements of the underground dry separator for rapid and precise spraying and removal of small-diameter coal and gangue. The extension and retraction of the first cylinder 66 causes the spray frame 6 to rotate around the top of the front end of the push frame 65. The spray frame 6 will drive the nozzles 4 to rotate, thereby adjusting the spraying direction and angle of the nozzles 4. The compressed air generated by the air compressor 64 is filtered by the refrigerated dryer 63 and stabilized by the air tank 62, and then controlled by the solenoid valve 61 and sprayed out through the nozzles 4 to form an airflow for removing coal and gangue. The two connecting rods 68 and the push plate 5 together form a three-pronged star-shaped linkage structure. During the extension of the second cylinder 69, the included angle between the two connecting rods 68 increases, driving the push plate 5 to flip upward. During the retraction of the second cylinder 69, the included angle between the two connecting rods 68 decreases, driving the push plate 5 to flip downward, thereby achieving stable and reliable mechanical rejection. A first tension spring 601 is connected between the end of the connecting rod 68 that connects to the second cylinder 69 and the pull seat 60 to provide preload and prevent the push plate 5 from shaking. The nozzle 4 usually rejects coal and gangue with small particle size that is easily affected by aerodynamic forces, while the push plate 5 is used to reject coal and gangue with larger particle size that is not suitable for rejection by the nozzle 4. Through the synergistic cooperation of the two rejection methods, the full particle size separation of coal and gangue in the mine is achieved. This invention breaks through the particle size limitations of a single rejection method. By coordinating the spraying of nozzle 4 and push plate 5, it achieves the separation of coal and gangue of all particle sizes. In addition, the angle of nozzle 4 is adjustable, enabling flexible control of the rejection direction and improving the rejection adaptability under different working conditions. The push plate 5 adopts a linkage 68-linkage flipping structure, ensuring stable and reliable rejection action, suitable for continuous operation underground. Nozzle 4 and push plate 5 share a set of installation and support system, with a compact structure suitable for underground environments with limited space. The rejection method can be switched according to the particle size characteristics of coal and gangue, improving the overall separation efficiency and stability of the dry separator.

[0027] Example 3 ( Figures 2-10A vertical plate 7 is fixedly connected between the two side plates 1; an extension surface 71 is inclinedly provided on the upper surface of the vertical plate 7; the extension surface 71 is tangent to the surface of the transmission belt 3; a nozzle 4 is provided near the upper position of the extension surface 71; a trigger groove 72 is provided near the lower position of the extension surface 71; a trigger rod 81 extending to the trigger groove 72 is fixedly connected to the two side plates 1; a trigger plate 8 is rotatably connected to the outer surface of the trigger rod 81; multiple trigger plates 8 are evenly and adjacently distributed along the axial direction of the trigger rod 81; an arc-shaped groove 73 is provided in the trigger groove 72; an arc-shaped strip 82 is slidably connected in the arc-shaped groove 73; the arc-shaped strip 82 is connected to the bottom of the arc-shaped groove 73 by an arc-shaped first spring 83; the arc-shaped strip 82 is fixedly connected to the inner side of the trigger plate 8; a vertical surface 74 is provided on the rear side of the vertical plate 7; the vertical surface 74 is near the... The upper position has adjacent and evenly distributed partition plates 9 along the left and right direction; multiple partition plates 9 are combined into a push plate 5; partition holes 91 are provided through the upper end of each partition plate 9; partition rods 92 pass through the partition holes 91 on the left and right sides; the left end of each partition rod 92 is driven by a lower motor 93; the outer wall of each partition rod 92 is evenly provided with rod grooves 94 along the circumference; arc-shaped movable grooves 95 are provided on both sides of each partition plate 9; movable sleeves 96 are movably and sealed within the movable grooves 95; the movable sleeves 96 are coaxial with the partition holes 91; the inner wall of the movable sleeves 96 is provided with an annular connecting groove 97; the inner wall of each partition hole 91 is evenly provided with locking grooves 98 that communicate with the connecting grooves 97; locking bars 99 are slidably connected within the locking grooves 98; the connecting grooves 97 are connected to the arc-shaped grooves 73 through one-way liquid inlet holes 971 and one-way liquid outlet holes 972.

[0028] In this embodiment, a spray groove 75 is provided at the upper position of the extended surface 71; a nozzle 4 is rotatably connected inside the spray groove 75; multiple spray grooves 75 are evenly distributed in the left-right direction; multiple spray grooves 75 are connected to rotating holes 76 in the left and right directions; a rotating rod 77 is rotatably connected inside the rotating holes 76; the left end of the rotating rod 77 is driven by an upper motor 78; the rotating rod 77 is fixedly connected to the nozzle 4; a pipe groove 79 is provided inwardly in the spray groove 75; a flexible hose 70 is loosely movable inside the pipe groove 79; the flexible hose 70 is in communication with the inside of the nozzle 4.

[0029] After being identified by the dry separator, the coal and gangue are conveyed from front to back along the conveyor belt 3. Taking the coal falling onto the closer conveyor belt and the gangue falling onto the farther conveyor belt as an example, after the coal falls off the tail of the conveyor belt 3, it falls along the extension surface 71 of the upper surface of the vertical plate 7. During the contact between the coal and the trigger plate 8, the lower motor 93 stops rotating regardless of whether the trigger plate 8 is pressed or triggered. The coal eventually slides down along the extension surface 71 to the closer conveyor belt. After the gangue falls off the tail of the conveyor belt 3, it passes through the nozzle 4. The gangue is divided into light and heavy materials. After passing through the nozzle 4, the airflow from the nozzle 4 can directly blow the light gangue to the upper part of the farther conveyor belt, and finally it falls onto the farther conveyor belt. The heavier gangue passes over the nozzle 4 and falls along the extension surface 71 of the vertical plate 7. 1. A trigger groove 72 is provided on the extended surface 71, and an arc-shaped groove 73 is provided at the bottom of the trigger groove 72. The first spring 83 in the arc-shaped groove 73 provides a supporting force to the arc-shaped bar 82. The arc-shaped bar 82 is fixedly connected to the trigger plate 8, so the trigger plate 8 will be supported by the elastic force of the first spring 83. The heavier gangue will fall on the outer surface of the corresponding trigger plate 8. Under the pressure of the corresponding gangue, the trigger plate 8 moves around the trigger rod 81 into the trigger groove 72. After being pressed by the gangue, the trigger plate 8 will drive the corresponding arc-shaped bar 82 to move along the arc-shaped groove 73 and overcome the elastic force of the first spring 83. The trigger groove 72 is filled with liquid medium. Under the pressure of the arc-shaped bar 82, the medium in the trigger groove 72 will enter the communicating groove 97 on the inner wall of the movable sleeve 96 along the one-way liquid inlet hole 971. Inside, the liquid medium enters the locking groove 98 along the annular connecting groove 97. The medium in the locking groove 98 squeezes the locking bar 99 and locks it into the bar groove 94, thus locking the corresponding dividing plate 9 and dividing bar 92. After the gangue slides off the trigger plate 8, the first spring 83 pushes the arc-shaped bar 82 to reset along the bottom of the arc-shaped groove 73. The arc-shaped bar 82 moves outward along the inner wall of the arc-shaped groove 73, increasing the space inside the arc-shaped groove 73 and creating a negative pressure. Under the action of the negative pressure, the medium in the connecting groove 97 flows back to the arc-shaped groove 73 along the one-way liquid outlet 972. The diameter of the one-way liquid outlet 972 is much smaller than that of the one-way liquid inlet 971, so the medium in the arc-shaped groove 73 can enter the connecting groove 97 in a short time, while the medium in the connecting groove 97 is difficult to flow back to the arc-shaped groove 73 in a short time. This makes the connecting groove 97 more stable and secure. The medium in the through groove 97 slowly flows back to the arc groove 73, and the medium in the locking groove 98 slowly flows back to the connecting groove 97. The locking bar 99 will slowly be pulled out from the bar groove 94. Only after the locking bar 99 has completely moved out of the bar groove 94 can the dividing bar 92 and the dividing plate 9 be unlocked. Extending the time for the locking bar 99 to move out of the bar groove 94 allows the dividing plate 9 enough time to rotate with the dividing bar 92. The lower motor 93 will drive the dividing bar 92 to rotate. During the rotation of the dividing bar 92, it will cause the dividing plate 9 locked on the outer wall to flip upward. During the upward flipping of the dividing plate 9, the heavier gangue will be pushed to the far conveyor belt. The gangue in the width direction of the transmission belt 3 is random. Multiple dividing plates 9 distributed in the left and right directions combine to form a complete push plate 5. In the actual process of the push plate 5 pushing the gangue...Not all the push plates 9 have a pushing function. To reduce energy consumption and improve the efficiency of pushing out the push plates 9, a trigger plate 8 is set to trigger the corresponding push plates 9, causing the push plates 9 at the corresponding positions to flip upwards, thereby triggering the corresponding push plates 9 to work. This ensures that while pushing the gangue material, the minimum number of push plates 9 are driven, achieving the goal of reducing energy consumption and increasing the push plate 5 speed. After the dividing bar 92 rotates and causes the locked dividing plate 9 to flip upward, the dividing plate 9 will fall again as the dividing bar 92 reverses. The medium in the connecting groove 97 will gradually flow back to the arc groove 73 along the one-way liquid outlet 972. The medium in the locking groove 98 will flow back to the connecting groove 97. The locking bar 99 will move out from the bar groove 94, realizing the unlocking of the dividing plate 9 and the dividing bar 92. After the space in the arc groove 73 is replenished with medium, the arc bar 82 will drive the trigger plate 8 to protrude out of the trigger groove 72, realizing the return of the trigger plate 8. After the new heavier gangue falls, the trigger plate 8 at the corresponding position will be squeezed and triggered again. In this embodiment, the gas flowing out of the air compressor 64 is guided into the hose 70, the gas in the hose 70 enters the pipe groove 79, and finally flows into the nozzle 4. Finally, the airflow is sprayed out along the nozzle 4. During the rotation of the upper motor 78, the upper motor 78 drives the rotating rod 77 to rotate. During the rotation of the rotating rod 77, the nozzle 4 in the spray groove 75 will rotate, thereby changing the direction and angle of the airflow sprayed from the nozzle 4.

[0030] Example 4 ( Figures 2-10 The vertical plate 7 has an arc-shaped boss 711 protruding forward on its front side; the front end of the arc-shaped boss 711 has an arc-shaped adjusting groove 712 that communicates with the arc-shaped groove 73; an arc-shaped adjusting strip 713 is movably and sealingly connected inside the adjusting groove 712; a first threaded hole 714 is provided between the outer wall of the arc-shaped boss 711 and the inner wall of the arc-shaped adjusting groove 712; a first bolt 715 is threadedly connected inside the first threaded hole 714; one rear end of the adjusting strip 713 is connected to one end of the first spring 83, and the other end of the first spring 83 is connected to the arc-shaped strip 82.

[0031] In this embodiment, the front ends of the plurality of adjustment bars 713 are fixedly connected to the first crossbar 716.

[0032] Before triggering the sub-plate 9 using the trigger plate 8, first loosen the first bolt 715. After the first bolt 715 rotates in the first threaded hole 714, it disengages from the adjusting strip 713, thus unlocking the adjusting strip 713 in the adjusting groove 712. Then, pull or push the first crossbar 716 to move multiple adjusting strips 713. The multiple adjusting strips 713 will move along the corresponding arc-shaped adjusting groove 712. As the adjusting strips 713 move away from the arc-shaped groove 73, the initial compression of the first spring 83 will be smaller, allowing even lighter gangue to be squeezed and triggered. When plate 8 flips over, the initial compression of the first spring 83 is greater as the adjusting bar 713 approaches the arc groove 73, allowing heavier gangue to press and trigger plate 8 to flip. After adjusting the adjusting bar 713, the first bolt 715 is tightened and moves within the first threaded hole 714, causing the first bolt 715 to press against the adjusting bar 713 and lock the adjusting bar 713. Therefore, this embodiment changes the triggering force of the trigger plate 8, allowing gangue of different weights to trigger the separating plate 9 and push the material onto the separating plate 9, thus expanding its applicability.

[0033] Example 5 ( Figures 2-10 The vertical plate 7 has a rectangular boss 721 protruding forward on its front side; the front end of the rectangular boss 721 has a shielding groove 722 communicating with the one-way liquid outlet 972; a shielding strip 723 is slidably and sealingly connected in the shielding groove 722; a second threaded hole 724 is provided in the outer wall of the rectangular boss 721 communicating with the inner wall of the shielding groove 722; a second bolt 725 is threadedly connected in the second threaded hole 724.

[0034] In this embodiment, the front ends of multiple shielding strips 723 are jointly fixed to the second crossbar 726.

[0035] Before using the pusher plate 5 to push the material, first loosen the second bolt 725. After the second bolt 725 rotates in the second threaded hole 724, it disengages from the blocking strip 723, thus unlocking the blocking strip 723 in the blocking groove 722. Then, pull or push the second crossbar 726 to move multiple blocking strips 723 forward or backward. The more volume the blocking strip 723 inserts into the one-way liquid outlet hole 972, the smaller the diameter of the one-way liquid outlet hole 972 becomes. This makes the speed at which the medium in the connecting groove 97 flows back to the arc groove 73 along the one-way liquid outlet hole 972 slower, thus making the dividing plate 9 and the dividing bar 9... 2. The slower the unlocking, the further the unlocking of the dividing plate 9 and the dividing bar 92 is delayed; the smaller the volume of the shielding strip 723 inserted into the one-way liquid outlet hole 972, the larger the diameter of the one-way liquid outlet hole 972, and the faster the medium in the connecting groove 97 flows back to the arc groove 73 along the one-way liquid outlet hole 972, and the faster the unlocking speed of the dividing plate 9 and the dividing bar 92 is. In this way, by controlling the medium return speed in the locking groove 98 and the connecting groove 97, the unlocking speed of the dividing plate 9 and the dividing bar 92 is changed, thereby changing the time after the dividing plate 9 is locked, and thus meeting different conveying or material rejection requirements.

[0036] Example 6 ( Figures 2-10 The vertical plate 7 is provided with an avoidance groove 732 at the upper rear side; the avoidance groove 732 is connected to the sub-plate 9 by an independent second tension spring 733.

[0037] During the upward flipping of the dividing plate 9, the second tension spring 733 will be pulled. The second tension spring 733 completes the power storage process. After the dividing plate 9 and the dividing bar 92 are unlocked, the second tension spring 733 will pull the dividing plate 9 to fall back to its original position quickly, so as to avoid the dividing plate 9 not having enough time to reset and affecting the free fall of other materials.

[0038] Example 7 ( Figure 11 A flexible rejection method for underground dry separators in coal mines, applicable to the aforementioned flexible rejection device for underground dry separators in coal mines, comprising the following steps: S1: The dry separator will identify coal and gangue materials and obtain material particle size and location information; S2: When small or light material is detected and it is coal gangue suitable for pneumatic action, control nozzle 4 to spray airflow so that the target is sprayed to a distant conveyor belt, thus completing the pneumatic removal process of the target material. S3: When a material with a large or heavy particle size is detected and is not suitable for the coal gangue blower of nozzle 4, the pusher plate 5 is controlled to flip upward. The pusher plate 5 will push the target to a more distant conveyor belt to complete the mechanical removal process of the target material. S4: During the operation of nozzle 4, control the rotation of nozzle 4 to adjust the spray direction and angle of nozzle 4; S5: Based on the changes in coal and gangue particle size distribution, dynamically select the injection removal or push plate 5 removal method to achieve coordinated sorting of coal and gangue of all particle sizes.

[0039] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the appendix. Figure 2 The orientations or positional relationships shown are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", "third", etc. are only used to distinguish the description and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. In the description of the present invention, "fixed connection" refers to a fixed connection.

[0040] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely illustrative of the principles of the invention. Various changes and modifications can be made to the invention without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the present invention as claimed. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A flexible rejection device for a coal mine underground dry separator, the device being installed at the tail end of the dry separator for separating and rejecting gangue and coal identified by the dry separator onto two parallel conveyor belts below the discharge device; characterized in that: The device includes left and right side plates; the side plates are fixed to a support; the inner upper positions of the two side plates are connected to a transmission roller; the outer wall of the transmission roller is connected to a transmission belt; a nozzle is arranged below the transmission belt; multiple nozzles are evenly distributed in the left-right direction; the nozzles can change their spray angle and direction under control; a push plate is provided below the nozzle; the push plate can be driven to flip upward and reset; the push plate and the nozzle work together to achieve flexible removal of coal gangue materials.

2. The flexible rejection device for underground dry coal separators according to claim 1, characterized in that: The nozzle is connected to the spray frame and is connected to a solenoid valve, which is sequentially connected to an air tank, a refrigerated dryer, and an air compressor. The bottom of the front end of the spray frame is rotatably connected to a push frame, and the bottom of the rear end of the spray frame is hinged to a first cylinder. The other end of the first cylinder is hinged to the push frame. A push plate is hinged to the rear of the push frame. A vertical frame is fixed to the front of the push frame. A connecting rod is hinged to the vertical frame and the push plate on their adjacent sides. Two connecting rods are hinged to one end of a second cylinder, and the other end of the second cylinder is hinged to the lower surface of the push frame. A pull seat is provided below the push frame. The pull seat is connected to the end of the connecting rod connected to the second cylinder through a first tension spring.

3. The flexible rejection device for underground dry coal separators according to claim 1, characterized in that: A vertical plate is fixedly connected between the two side plates; an extension surface is inclinedly provided on the upper surface of the vertical plate; the extension surface is tangent to the surface of the transmission belt; a nozzle is provided near the upper position of the extension surface; a trigger groove is provided near the lower position of the extension surface; a trigger rod extending to the trigger groove is fixedly connected to the two side plates; a trigger plate is rotatably connected to the outer surface of the trigger rod; multiple trigger plates are evenly and adjacently distributed along the axial direction of the trigger rod; an arc-shaped groove is provided in the trigger groove; an arc-shaped strip is slidably connected in the arc-shaped groove; the arc-shaped strip is connected to the bottom of the arc-shaped groove by an arc-shaped first spring; the arc-shaped strip is fixedly connected to the inner side of the trigger plate; a vertical surface is provided on the rear side of the vertical plate; the vertical surface... The upper part has adjacent and evenly distributed partition plates along the left and right direction; multiple partition plates are combined into a push plate; each partition plate has a partition hole extending through it from the left and right sides; the partition hole passes through a partition rod from the left and right sides; the left end of the partition rod is driven by a lower motor; the outer wall of the partition rod has grooves evenly arranged around its circumference; the two sides of the partition plate have arc-shaped movable grooves; a movable sleeve is movably and sealed within the movable groove; the movable sleeve is coaxial with the partition hole; the inner wall of the movable sleeve has an annular connecting groove; the inner wall of the partition hole has locking grooves evenly arranged, communicating with the connecting groove; a locking bar is slidably connected within the locking groove; the connecting groove communicates with the arc-shaped groove through a one-way liquid inlet hole and a one-way liquid outlet hole.

4. The flexible rejection device for underground dry coal separators according to claim 3, characterized in that: A spray groove is provided at the upper position of the extended surface; a spray head is rotatably connected inside the spray groove; multiple spray grooves are evenly distributed in the left-right direction; multiple spray grooves are connected to rotating holes in the left and right directions; a rotating rod is rotatably connected inside the rotating holes; the left end of the rotating rod is driven by an upper motor; the rotating rod is fixedly connected to the spray head; a pipe groove is provided inward in the spray groove; a flexible hose moves in the pipe groove with gaps; the flexible hose is connected to the inside of the spray head.

5. The flexible rejection device for a dry coal separator in an underground mine according to claim 3, characterized in that: The front side of the vertical plate has an arc-shaped boss protruding forward; the front end of the arc-shaped boss has an arc-shaped adjustment groove communicating with the arc-shaped groove; an arc-shaped adjustment strip is movably and sealingly connected in the adjustment groove; a first threaded hole is provided between the outer wall of the arc-shaped boss and the inner wall of the arc-shaped adjustment groove; a first bolt is threaded into the first threaded hole; one end of the adjustment strip is connected to one end of a first spring, and the other end of the first spring is connected to the arc-shaped strip.

6. The flexible rejection device for a dry coal separator in an underground mine according to claim 5, characterized in that: The front ends of the multiple adjustment bars are fixed together to the first crossbar.

7. The flexible rejection device for a dry coal separator in an underground mine according to claim 3, characterized in that: A rectangular boss protrudes forward from the front side of the vertical plate; a shielding groove communicating with a one-way liquid outlet is provided at the front end of the rectangular boss; a shielding strip is slidably and sealingly connected in the shielding groove; a second threaded hole is provided on the outer wall of the rectangular boss communicating with the inner wall of the shielding groove; a second bolt is threadedly connected in the second threaded hole.

8. A flexible rejection device for underground dry coal separators according to claim 5, characterized in that: The front ends of multiple shielding strips are jointly fixed to the second crossbar.

9. A flexible rejection device for underground dry coal separators according to claim 3, characterized in that: An clearance groove is provided at the upper rear side of the vertical plate; the clearance groove is connected to the plate by an independent second tension spring.

10. A flexible rejection method for a coal mine underground dry separator, applicable to the flexible rejection device for a coal mine underground dry separator as described in any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that: The steps of this method are as follows: S1: The dry separator will identify coal and gangue materials and obtain material particle size and location information; S2: When small or light material is detected and it is coal gangue suitable for pneumatic action, control the nozzle to spray airflow so that the target is sprayed to a distant conveyor belt, thus completing the pneumatic removal process of the target material. S3: When a material with a large or heavy particle size is detected and is not suitable for the blown coal gangue, the push plate is controlled to flip upwards. The push plate will push the target to a more distant conveyor belt, completing the mechanical removal process of the target material. S4: During the operation of the nozzle, control the rotation of the nozzle to adjust the direction and angle of the nozzle spray; S5: Based on the changes in coal and gangue particle size distribution, dynamically select the injection removal or push plate removal method to achieve coordinated sorting of coal and gangue of all particle sizes.

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