Optical axis cylindricity automatic detection device

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of detection equipment, in particular to an optical axis cylindricity automatic detection device, which comprises a detection conveyor and a detection module arranged in the detection conveyor, the detection module is used for optical axis cylindricity automatic detection, and a camera for intelligently detecting the appearance shape of the optical axis is further arranged on the detection module. The optical axis with a taper is detected through the self-adaptive deflection detection unit. After the taper part of the optical axis enters the detection interval along the conveying path, the self-adaptive angle adjusting unit is extruded through the profile of the taper surface, two detection units are automatically driven to deflect along the taper surface direction of the optical axis end part, the detection emission direction of the laser detection equipment is always aligned with the normal direction of the measured area of the optical axis, the inclination error caused by the existing fixed-angle detection is eliminated from the principle level, and the precision of the taper area cylindricity profile detection can be effectively improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of testing equipment technology, specifically to an automatic optical axis cylindricity testing device. Background Technology

[0002] As a core rotating component in intelligent and automated equipment and transmission mechanisms, the cylindricity accuracy of optical shafts directly affects the smoothness of the overall machine movement and the accuracy of assembly fit. To meet the requirements of assembly positioning and guiding fit, many optical shafts have a tapered surface structure with a set cone angle machined at the end. During the factory quality inspection process, it is necessary not only to check the form and position accuracy of the cylindrical section of the optical shaft, but also to simultaneously complete the contour and size inspection of the tapered area at the end.

[0003] Currently, the industry commonly uses two sets of opposing parallel laser measuring instruments to construct a non-contact cylindricity detection device. This type of equipment relies on lasers to obtain the radial dimensions of the workpiece and is suitable for continuous inspection of standard cylindrical sections. However, it has significant drawbacks when inspecting optical axes with conical ends: the measured conical surface is an inclined curved surface, and the fixedly installed laser detection beam cannot be aligned with the normal direction of each measurement point on the conical surface. The laser incident direction continuously forms an angle with the normal of the conical surface, which on the one hand causes the laser spot reflection energy to disperse, the signal-to-noise ratio of the received signal to decrease, and the measurement data to fluctuate greatly; on the other hand, it easily induces the inherent tilt angle system error of the triangulation principle, resulting in distortion of the size and contour acquisition of the conical surface area, making it difficult to accurately evaluate the shape error of the transition area of ​​the conical surface, and failing to achieve integrated high-precision inspection of the cylindrical section and the end conical surface. Therefore, we urgently need an automatic optical axis cylindricity detection device. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide an automatic optical axis cylindricity detection device to solve the problem of easy acquisition distortion in existing devices for detecting optical axis conical surfaces as mentioned in the background art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: including a detection conveyor and a detection module disposed inside the detection conveyor, the detection module being used for automatic detection of the cylindricity of the optical axis, and the detection module also being provided with a camera for intelligent detection of the appearance shape of the optical axis, the detection module including a detection unit, an adaptive angle adjustment unit and an angle positioning unit; The detection unit consists of two units, which are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the center of the optical axis of the detection conveyor, with the detection ends of the two detection units facing the optical axis. The angle of the two detection units is adjustable, making them suitable for detecting optical axes with a taper. An adaptive angle adjustment unit is movably mounted on the detection unit along the height direction of the detection unit. When the tapered optical axis is conveyed along the detection conveyor, the tapered part of the optical axis squeezes the adaptive angle adjustment unit, thereby driving the angle adjustment of the two detection units, so as to detect the tapered part of the optical axis. An angle positioning unit is disposed on the detection unit and is used for angling the adaptive angle adjustment unit.

[0006] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the detection unit includes a laser detection device, which is a laser detector. A connecting shaft is fixed at the bottom of the laser detection device, and a fixed base is provided at the bottom of the connecting shaft. The fixed base is fixed on the detection conveyor, and the connecting shaft is rotatably disposed on the top of the fixed base.

[0007] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the top of the fixed base is movably provided with a lifting slide along its height direction, and a sliding sleeve is rotatably provided inside the lifting slide. The sliding sleeve is axially movable along the connecting shaft and is circumferentially locked to the connecting shaft. A transmission gear plate is fixed on the outer ring surface of the sliding sleeve near its top. The top of the lifting slide is slidably provided with a meshing slide along its length direction, and the side of the meshing slide has teeth that mesh with the transmission gear plate.

[0008] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the connecting shaft is a key shaft, the sliding sleeve is a key sleeve, and the connecting shaft and the sliding sleeve are engaged by splines.

[0009] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the adaptive angle adjustment unit includes a U-shaped support fixed to the top of the lifting slide. A rotating sleeve is rotatably provided inside the U-shaped support. A pressure plate is fixed to the top of the rotating sleeve. A drive shaft is fixed inside the rotating sleeve. The drive shaft is rotatably assembled with the U-shaped support via a rotating connector. The drive shaft passes through both sides of the U-shaped support. Sliding tubes are slidably fitted around the outer periphery of the drive shaft near its own ends. The sliding tubes are fixed to the top of the engaging slide. The outer ring surface of the sliding tube has a spiral path groove. Sliding pins are fixed to the outer ring surface of the drive shaft near its own ends. The sliding pins are slidably disposed inside the spiral path groove. A cylinder is fixed to the bottom of the fixed base. The top end of the cylinder output rod movably passes through the fixed base and is fixed to the bottom of the lifting slide.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a return spring is sleeved around the drive shaft, and the return spring is fixedly assembled between the side of the U-shaped support and the end of the sliding tube, wherein there are two sliding tubes of the same specification.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the angle positioning unit includes a sealing cylinder movably disposed on the fixed base along the height direction of the fixed base. The sealing cylinder is located at the top of the engaging slide. A piston is slidably disposed inside the sealing cylinder along its circumference. A drag rod is coaxially fixed inside the piston. The end of the drag rod away from the piston is fixed to the side of the sliding tube. An air intake one-way valve is provided at the end of the outer ring surface of the piston away from the sliding tube.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the sealing cylinder has a vent at one end face away from the sliding tube, and a gas storage sleeve is fixed at one end face of the sealing cylinder near the vent. The gas storage sleeve is a pipe with an independent connector on its outer periphery. A gas guide pipe is connected to the outer connector of the gas storage sleeve. A purge nozzle is connected to one end of the gas guide pipe away from the gas storage sleeve. The purge nozzle is fixedly installed at the bottom of the laser detection equipment, and the nozzle of the purge nozzle corresponds to the detection end of the laser detection equipment.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a block is slidably provided inside the gas storage sleeve along its circumference. In the initial state, the block blocks the vent. A top rod is fixed on the side of the block away from the sealing cylinder. The top rod passes through the gas storage sleeve and is slidably assembled with the gas storage sleeve. A top spring is sleeved around the top rod and is fixedly assembled between the block and the gas storage sleeve.

[0014] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a ball is fixed at the end of the push rod away from the block, and a triggering wedge is fixed at the top of the fixed base. The triggering wedge is located at the end of the engagement slide near the ball, and a clearance groove is provided on the side of the triggering wedge near the engagement slide. The width of the clearance groove is greater than the diameter of the push rod and less than the diameter of the ball. In the initial state, the clearance groove is located at the bottom of the push rod.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. This invention uses a camera to intelligently identify whether the end of the optical axis has a conical surface. A deflectable detection unit detects the conical optical axis. After the conical part of the optical axis enters the detection zone along the conveying path, the contour extrusion adaptive angle adjustment unit of the conical surface automatically drives the two detection units to deflect along the conical surface direction at the end of the optical axis. This ensures that the detection emission direction of the laser detection equipment is always aligned with the normal direction of the area being measured on the optical axis. This eliminates the tilt error caused by the existing fixed angle detection from the principle level and can effectively improve the accuracy of the cylindricity contour detection of the conical area.

[0016] 2. After the adaptive angle adjustment is completed, the present invention realizes the real-time angle positioning of the detection unit through the pneumatic locking structure of the angle positioning unit. During the synchronous rise and fall of the sliding tube with the lifting slide, the compressed air generated by the piston movement is automatically stored in the air storage sleeve. The air pressure force is used to maintain the stability of the piston position, thereby realizing the angle locking of the detection unit. There is no need to set up an additional power locking mechanism, the structure is simpler, and the adjustment response speed is faster.

[0017] 3. This invention can export the compressed air stored during the angle locking process and simultaneously clean the detection end face of the laser detection equipment through the purging nozzle, removing dust and impurities attached to the detection end face, avoiding impurities from blocking the laser beam path and affecting the detection accuracy, realizing the synchronous linkage between the angle positioning process and the cleaning and maintenance process, and further improving the stability of the device for long-term continuous detection. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the detection module of the present invention; Figure 3 For the present invention Figure 2 Schematic diagram of a partial structure; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the detailed structure of the detection module of the present invention. Figure 1 ; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the detailed structure of the detection module of the present invention. Figure 2 ; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the adaptive angle adjustment unit of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a partially exploded view of the adaptive angle adjustment unit of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the detection unit of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the angle positioning unit of the present invention; Figure 10 For the present invention Figure 9 Enlarged diagram of part A in the middle.

[0019] In the attached diagram, the components represented by each number are as follows: 100, Inspection conveyor; 200, Inspection module; 210, Inspection unit; 211, Laser inspection equipment; 212, Connecting shaft; 213, Fixed base; 214, Lifting slide; 215, Sliding sleeve; 216, Transmission gear plate; 217, Meshing slide; 220, Adaptive angle adjustment unit; 221, U-shaped support; 222, Rotating sleeve; 223, Pressure plate; 224, Transmission shaft; 225, Sliding tube; 226. 227. Spiral path groove; 228. Sliding pin; 229. Return spring; 230. Cylinder; 231. Angle positioning unit; 232. Sealing cylinder; 233. Piston; 234. Dragging rod; 235. Air inlet; 236. Air storage sleeve; 237. Air guide pipe; 238. Purge nozzle; 239. Block; 2310. Push rod; 2311. Push spring; 2312. Ball; 2313. Triggering wedge; 2314. Clearance groove; 300. Camera. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] This invention provides a technical solution for an automatic optical axis cylindricity detection device: as follows Figure 1 - Figure 10 As shown: Example 1: Includes a detection conveyor 100 and a detection module 200 disposed inside the detection conveyor 100. The detection module 200 is used for automatic detection of the cylindricity of the optical axis. The detection module 200 is also equipped with a camera 300 for intelligent detection of the appearance shape of the optical axis. The detection module 200 includes a detection unit 210, an adaptive angle adjustment unit 220, and an angle positioning unit 230. There are two detection units 210, symmetrically distributed on both sides of the center of the optical axis of the detection conveyor 100, and the detection ends of the two detection units 210 face the direction of the optical axis. The angle of the two detection units 210 is adjustable, suitable for detecting optical axes with tapers. The detection unit 210 includes a laser detection device 211, which is a laser detector. This laser detector has the function of automatically adjusting the detection focal length and can adjust the parameters in real time according to the distance of the workpiece being measured to ensure the accuracy of the measurement values. For accuracy, the laser inspection device 211 has a connecting shaft 212 fixed at its bottom, and a fixed base 213 at the bottom of the connecting shaft 212. The fixed base 213 is fixed on the inspection conveyor 100. The connecting shaft 212 is rotatably mounted on the top of the fixed base 213. A lifting slide 214 is movably mounted on the top of the fixed base 213 along its height direction. A sliding sleeve 215 is rotatably mounted inside the lifting slide 214. The sliding sleeve 215 is axially movable along the connecting shaft 212 and is circumferentially locked to the connecting shaft 212. A transmission gear 216 is fixed on the outer ring surface of the sliding sleeve 215 near its top. A meshing slide 217 is slidably mounted on the top of the lifting slide 214 along its length direction. The side of the meshing slide 217 has teeth that mesh with the transmission gear 216. The connecting shaft 212 is a key shaft, and the sliding sleeve 215 is a key sleeve. The connecting shaft 212 and the sliding sleeve 215 are meshed by splines.The optical axis is conveyed from left to right to the top of the detection module 200 via the detection conveyor 100. Simultaneously, the detection conveyor 100 causes the optical axis to rotate around its own axis during transport. The detection conveyor 100 is existing technology and will not be described in detail. When the end of the optical axis reaches the bottom of the camera 300, the camera 300 scans the end of the optical axis for taper. If the optical axis is a perfectly regular cylinder, the detection conveyor 100 continues to convey the optical axis to the right. Two laser detection devices 211 detect the cylindricity of the optical axis through laser scanning. If the end of the optical axis has a taper, the detection conveyor 100 stops transporting the optical axis when it reaches the bottom of the camera 300 and the camera 300 detects the taper at the end of the optical axis. The optical axis is fed into the laser detection device 211. The adaptive angle adjustment unit 220 drives the detection unit 210 to move upward as a whole, so that the conical surface at the end of the optical axis presses against the adaptive angle adjustment unit 220. This causes the two meshing slides 217 to move synchronously toward the laser detection device 211. Since the side of the meshing slide 217 has teeth that mesh with the transmission gear 216, the movement of the meshing slide 217 drives the transmission gear 216 to rotate. The rotation of the transmission gear 216 drives the laser detection device 211 to rotate through the circumferential locking action of the connecting shaft 212. Finally, the detection end of the laser detection device 211 is parallel to the normal of the conical surface at the end of the optical axis, thereby performing laser detection on the roundness of the conical surface at the end of the optical axis.

[0022] Example 2: The adaptive angle adjustment unit 220 is movably mounted on the detection unit 210 along the height direction of the detection unit 210. When the tapered optical axis is conveyed along the detection conveyor 100, the tapered part of the optical axis presses against the adaptive angle adjustment unit 220, thereby driving the two detection units 210 to adjust their angles, thus detecting the tapered part of the optical axis. The adaptive angle adjustment unit 220 includes a U-shaped support 221 fixed to the top of the lifting slide 214. A rotating sleeve 222 is rotatably provided inside the U-shaped support 221. A pressure plate 223 is fixed to the top of the rotating sleeve 222. A drive shaft 224 is fixed inside the rotating sleeve 222. The drive shaft 224 is rotatably assembled with the U-shaped support 221 through a rotating connector. The drive shaft 224 passes through the U-shaped support 221. On both sides of the support base 221, the drive shaft 224 is slidably fitted with sliding tubes 225 near its two ends. The sliding tubes 225 are fixed to the top of the meshing slide 217. The outer ring surface of the sliding tubes 225 has a spiral path groove 226. The outer ring surface of the drive shaft 224 near its two ends is fixed with sliding pins 227. The sliding pins 227 are slidably disposed inside the spiral path groove 226. The bottom of the fixed base 213 is fixed with a cylinder 229. The top of the output rod of the cylinder 229 moves through the fixed base 213 and is fixed to the bottom of the lifting slide 214. The drive shaft 224 is fitted with a return spring 228. The return spring 228 is fixedly assembled between the side of the U-shaped support base 221 and the end of the sliding tube 225. There are two sliding tubes 225 of the same specification.When the end of the optical axis has a taper, when it reaches the bottom of the camera 300 and the camera 300 scans the tapered end of the optical axis, the conveyor 100 stops conveying. Then, the output rod of the cylinder 229 pushes the lifting slide 214 upward along the height direction of the fixed base 213. During the upward movement of the lifting slide 214, it drives the sliding sleeve 215 and the transmission gear 216 to move upward along the periphery of the connecting shaft 212. At the same time, the lifting slide 214 drives the U-shaped support 221 to move upward synchronously. During the upward movement of the U-shaped support 221, it drives the U-shaped support 221, the rotating sleeve 222, the pressure plate 223, and the transmission shaft 224 to move upward together until the top of the pressure plate 223 contacts the tapered surface of the end of the optical axis. Then, the output rod of the cylinder 229 continues to move upward. The top of the pressure plate 223 is subjected to the reaction force of the tapered surface of the optical axis, causing the pressure plate 223 to drive the rotating sleeve 222 and the transmission shaft 224 to rotate a certain angle inside the U-shaped support 221. The cylinder 229 stops moving upwards until the top of the pressure plate 223 is completely in contact with the conical surface at the end of the optical axis. At this time, the output rod of the cylinder 229 stops moving upwards. During the rotation of the transmission shaft 224, the sliding pin 227 slides along the path direction of the spiral path groove 226, thereby generating an axial pulling force on the sliding tube 225 towards the U-shaped support 221. This causes the sliding tube 225 to move along the periphery of the transmission shaft 224 towards the U-shaped support 221. The return spring 228 is compressed and stores elasticity. At the same time, the meshing slide 217 moves together with the sliding tube 225. Since the side of the meshing slide 217 has teeth that mesh with the transmission gear 216, the movement of the meshing slide 217 drives the transmission gear 216 to rotate. The rotation of the transmission gear 216 drives the laser detection device 211 to rotate through the circumferential locking action of the connecting shaft 212. Finally, the detection end of the laser detection device 211 is parallel to the normal of the conical surface at the end of the optical axis, thereby performing laser detection on the roundness of the conical surface at the end of the optical axis.

[0023] Example 3: Angle positioning unit 230 is mounted on detection unit 210 and is used for angle positioning of adaptive angle adjustment unit 220. Angle positioning unit 230 includes a sealing cylinder 231 movably mounted on fixed base 213 along the height direction of fixed base 213. The sealing cylinder 231 is slidably connected to fixed base 213 via linear guide rail or linear guide post to achieve movement along the height direction. The sealing cylinder 231 is located at the top of engagement slide 217. A piston 232 is slidably mounted inside the sealing cylinder 231 along its circumference. The piston 232 is coaxial inside. A drag bar 233 is fixed, with one end of the drag bar 233 away from the piston 232 fixed to the side of the sliding tube 225. An air inlet check valve 235 is provided on the outer annular surface of the piston 232 away from the sliding tube 225. A vent 234 is opened on the end face of the sealing cylinder 231 away from the sliding tube 225, and an air storage sleeve 236 is fixed on the end face of the sealing cylinder 231 near the vent 234. The air storage sleeve 236 is a pipe fitting with an independent connector on its outer periphery. An air guide pipe 237 is connected to the outer connector of the air storage sleeve 236, and the end of the air guide pipe 237 away from the air storage sleeve 236 is connected to… A purge nozzle 238 is connected and fixedly installed at the bottom of the laser detection device 211, with the nozzle of the purge nozzle 238 corresponding to the detection end of the laser detection device 211. A block 239 is slidably provided circumferentially inside the gas storage sleeve 236. In the initial state, the block 239 blocks the vent 234. A push rod 2310 is fixed to the side of the block 239 away from the sealing cylinder 231. The push rod 2310 passes through the gas storage sleeve 236 and is slidably assembled with the gas storage sleeve 236. A top spring 2311 is sleeved around the push rod 2310. 1. The push rod 2310 is fixedly assembled between the plug 239 and the air storage sleeve 236. A ball 2312 is fixed at the end of the push rod 2310 away from the plug 239. A triggering wedge 2313 is fixed at the top of the fixed base 213. The triggering wedge 2313 is located at the end of the engagement slide 217 near the ball 2312. A clearance groove 2314 is opened on the side of the triggering wedge 2313 near the engagement slide 217. The width of the clearance groove 2314 is greater than the diameter of the push rod 2310 and smaller than the diameter of the ball 2312. In the initial state, the clearance groove 2314 is located at the bottom of the push rod 2310.As the engaging slide 217 moves toward the U-shaped support 221, it drives the drag rod 233 and piston 232 to move together, causing negative pressure inside the sealing cylinder 231. This draws air into the sealing cylinder 231 through the intake check valve 235. The air drawn into the sealing cylinder 231 cannot flow backward through the intake check valve 235, thus maintaining pressure inside the sealing cylinder 231. Next, the output rod of the cylinder 229 retracts downward. Similarly, the pressure plate 223 moves downward and separates from the optical axis. After the pressure plate 223 separates from the optical axis, because the sealing cylinder 231 is in a pressure-maintaining state, the compressed return spring 228 cannot release its elasticity. In other words, the sliding tube 225 has no... The optical axis is reset under the restoring force of the return spring 228, thus preventing the drive shaft 224 from reversing and resetting. This allows the pressure plate 223 to maintain the angle corresponding to the conical surface at the end of the optical axis, and the two laser detection devices 211 to maintain the angle parallel to the normal of the conical surface at the end of the optical axis. At this time, the detection conveyor 100 can continue to transport the optical axis, and the two laser detection devices 211 can continuously detect the roundness of the moving conical surface at the end of the optical axis without readjusting the detection angle, greatly improving the detection efficiency of the tapered optical axis. As the detection conveyor 100 continues to transport the optical axis, the conical part at the end of the optical axis eventually moves away from the camera 300. When the cylindrical part of the optical axis enters the camera 300... At the bottom, the camera 300 scans and detects the optical axis cone surface. At this time, the output rod of cylinder 229 continues to drive the lifting slide 214 to move downward a certain distance. During the downward movement of the lifting slide 214, it drives the engaging slide 217, sealing cylinder 231, push rod 2310, and ball 2312 to move together. The push rod 2310 moves down into the relief groove 2314. Finally, the surface of the ball 2312 contacts the inclined surface of the triggering block 2313. The ball 2312 is squeezed by the inclined surface of the triggering block 2313, which drives the push rod 2310 and the block 239 to move away from the vent 234. At the same time, the top spring 2311 is compressed and accumulates elasticity, while the block 239 and the vent... After the vent 234 separates, the vent 234 opens, the compressed return spring 228 releases its rebound force, pushing the sliding tube 225 to reset, causing the sliding pin 227 to slide in the reverse direction along the spiral path groove 226, thereby driving the transmission shaft 224, rotating sleeve 222 and pressure plate 223 to reverse and reset. At the same time, the sliding tube 225 drives the meshing slide 217 to reset, and the meshing slide 217 drives the transmission gear plate 216, connecting shaft 212 and laser detection equipment 211 to reverse and reset, so that the two laser detection equipment 211 are arranged in parallel opposite directions to perform cylindricity detection on the cylindrical part of the optical axis. The entire switching process is monitored by the camera 300, with a high degree of intelligence and automation. As further explained, during the reset process of the sliding tube 225, the drag rod 233 and piston 232 are pushed to move closer to the vent 234, compressing the air in the internal chamber of the sealing cylinder 231. The compressed air enters the air storage sleeve 236 through the vent 234 and is then transported into the air pipe 237 by the air storage sleeve 236. Finally, it is ejected through the nozzle of the blowing nozzle 238. The airflow directly blows onto the surface of the laser detection end of the laser detection device 211, which can blow away the dust and other impurities adsorbed on the detection end. After completing this series of steps, the output rod of the cylinder 229 moves upward to the initial height, driving the lifting slide 214 to return to the initial height. The ball 2312 separates from the triggering wedge 2313, and the rebound force of the compressed top spring 2311 is released, pushing the block 239 to close the vent 234 channel. The entire device returns to the initial state, waiting for the next detection operation to start.

[0024] Working principle: The optical axis is conveyed from left to right to the top of the detection module 200 by the detection conveyor 100. At the same time, the detection conveyor 100 drives the optical axis to rotate around its own axis during the process of conveying the optical axis. When the end of the optical axis reaches the bottom of the camera 300, the camera 300 scans whether the end of the optical axis has a taper. If the optical axis is a perfectly regular cylinder, the detection conveyor 100 continues to convey the optical axis to the right. The two laser detection devices 211 detect the cylindricity of the optical axis by laser scanning. If the end of the optical axis has a taper, when it reaches the bottom of the camera 300 and the camera 300 scans the taper at the end of the optical axis, the conveyor 100 stops conveying. Then, the output rod of the cylinder 229 pushes the lifting slide 214 upward along the height direction of the fixed base 213. During the upward movement of the lifting slide 214, it drives the sliding sleeve 215 and the transmission gear 216 to move upward along the periphery of the connecting shaft 212. At the same time, the lifting slide 214 drives the U-shaped support 221 to move upward synchronously. During the upward movement of the U-shaped support 221, it drives the U-shaped support 221, the rotating sleeve 222, the pressure plate 223, and the transmission shaft 224 to move upward together until the top of the pressure plate 223 contacts the tapered surface at the end of the optical axis. Then, the output rod of the cylinder 229 continues to move upward. The top of the pressure plate 223 is subjected to the reaction force of the tapered surface of the optical axis, causing the pressure plate 223 to drive the rotating sleeve 222 and the transmission shaft 224 to rotate a certain angle inside the U-shaped support 221. The cylinder 229 stops moving upwards until the top of the pressure plate 223 is completely in contact with the conical surface at the end of the optical axis. At this time, the output rod of the cylinder 229 stops moving upwards. During the rotation of the transmission shaft 224, the sliding pin 227 slides along the path direction of the spiral path groove 226, thereby generating an axial pulling force on the sliding tube 225 towards the U-shaped support seat 221. This causes the sliding tube 225 to move along the periphery of the transmission shaft 224 towards the U-shaped support seat 221. The return spring 228 is compressed and stores elasticity. At the same time, the meshing slide 217 moves together with the sliding tube 225. Since the side of the meshing slide 217 has teeth that mesh with the transmission gear 216, the movement of the meshing slide 217 drives the transmission gear 216 to rotate. The rotation of the transmission gear 216 drives the laser detection device 211 to rotate through the circumferential locking action of the connecting shaft 212. Finally, the detection end of the laser detection device 211 is parallel to the normal of the conical surface at the end of the optical axis, thereby performing laser detection on the roundness of the conical surface at the end of the optical axis. As the engaging slide 217 moves toward the U-shaped support 221, it drives the drag rod 233 and piston 232 to move together, causing negative pressure inside the sealing cylinder 231. This draws air into the sealing cylinder 231 through the intake check valve 235. The air drawn into the sealing cylinder 231 cannot flow backward through the intake check valve 235, thus maintaining pressure inside the sealing cylinder 231. Next, the output rod of the cylinder 229 retracts downward. Similarly, the pressure plate 223 moves downward and separates from the optical axis. After the pressure plate 223 separates from the optical axis, since the sealing cylinder 231 is in a pressure-maintaining state, it is in a compressed state. The return spring 228 cannot release its elasticity, meaning that the sliding tube 225 cannot be reset under the restoring force of the return spring 228, and therefore will not drive the transmission shaft 224 to reverse and reset. This allows the pressure plate 223 to continue to maintain the angle corresponding to the conical surface at the end of the optical axis, and the two laser detection devices 211 to continue to maintain the angle parallel to the normal of the conical surface at the end of the optical axis. At this time, the detection conveyor 100 can continue to transport the optical axis, and the two laser detection devices 211 can continuously detect the roundness of the moving conical surface at the end of the optical axis without readjusting the detection angle, which greatly improves the detection efficiency of the tapered optical axis. As the detection conveyor 100 continues to transport the optical axis, the conical part at the end of the optical axis eventually moves away from the camera 300. When the cylindrical part of the optical axis enters the bottom of the camera 300, the camera 300 scans and detects the conical part of the optical axis. At this time, the output rod of the cylinder 229 continues to drive the lifting slide 214 to move downward a certain distance. During the downward movement of the lifting slide 214, it drives the meshing slide 217, the sealing cylinder 231, the push rod 2310, and the ball 2312 to move together. The push rod 2310 moves down into the relief groove 2314, and finally the surface of the ball 2312 contacts the inclined part of the triggering inclined block 2313. The ball 2312 is squeezed by the inclined surface of the triggering inclined block 2313, which drives the push rod 2310 and the blocking block 239 to move away from the vent 234. As the top spring 2311 is compressed and stores elasticity, the vent 234 opens after the block 239 separates from the vent 234. The compressed return spring 228 releases its rebound force, pushing the sliding tube 225 to reset. This causes the sliding pin 227 to slide in the reverse direction along the spiral path groove 226, thereby driving the transmission shaft 224, rotating sleeve 222, and pressure plate 223 to reverse and reset. At the same time, the sliding tube 225 drives the meshing slide 217 to reset. The meshing slide 217 drives the transmission gear 216, connecting shaft 212, and laser detection equipment 211 to reverse and reset, so that the two laser detection equipment 211 are arranged in parallel opposite directions to perform cylindricity detection on the cylindrical part of the optical axis. The entire switching process is monitored by the camera 300, with a high degree of intelligence and automation. During the reset process of the sliding tube 225, the drag rod 233 and piston 232 are pushed to move closer to the vent 234, compressing the air in the internal chamber of the sealing cylinder 231. The compressed air enters the air storage sleeve 236 through the vent 234 and is then transported into the air pipe 237 by the air storage sleeve 236. Finally, it is ejected through the nozzle of the blowing nozzle 238. The airflow directly blows onto the surface of the laser detection end of the laser detection device 211, which can blow away the dust and other impurities adsorbed on the detection end. After completing this series of steps, the output rod of the cylinder 229 moves upward to the initial height, driving the lifting slide 214 to return to the initial height. The ball 2312 separates from the triggering wedge 2313, and the rebound force of the compressed top spring 2311 is released, pushing the block 239 to close the vent 234 channel. The entire device returns to the initial state, waiting for the next detection operation to start.

[0025] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0026] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An automatic optical axis cylindricity detection device, comprising a detection conveyor (100) and a detection module (200) disposed inside the detection conveyor (100), the detection module (200) being used for automatic detection of optical axis cylindricity, and the detection module (200) further comprising a camera (300) for intelligent detection of the appearance shape of the optical axis, characterized in that: The detection module (200) includes a detection unit (210), an adaptive angle adjustment unit (220), and an angle positioning unit (230). The detection unit (210) consists of two units, which are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the optical axis center of the detection conveyor (100), and the detection ends of the two detection units (210) face the optical axis direction. The angle of the two detection units (210) is adjustable and suitable for detection of the optical axis with a taper. An adaptive angle adjustment unit (220) is movably disposed on the detection unit (210) along the height direction of the detection unit (210). When the tapered optical axis is conveyed along the detection conveyor (100), the tapered part of the optical axis squeezes the adaptive angle adjustment unit (220), thereby driving the angle adjustment of the two detection units (210) to detect the tapered part of the optical axis. An angle positioning unit (230) is disposed on the detection unit (210) and is used for angular positioning of the adaptive angle adjustment unit (220).

2. The automatic optical axis cylindricity detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The detection unit (210) includes a laser detection device (211), which is a laser detector. A connecting shaft (212) is fixed at the bottom of the laser detection device (211), and a fixed base (213) is provided at the bottom of the connecting shaft (212). The fixed base (213) is fixed on the detection conveyor (100), and the connecting shaft (212) is rotatably disposed on the top of the fixed base (213).

3. The automatic optical axis cylindricity detection device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The top of the fixed base (213) is movably provided with a lifting slide (214) along its height direction. The lifting slide (214) is rotatably provided with a sliding sleeve (215). The sliding sleeve (215) is axially movable along the connecting shaft (212) and is circumferentially locked with the connecting shaft (212). The outer ring surface of the sliding sleeve (215) near its top is fixed with a transmission gear (216). The top of the lifting slide (214) is slidably provided with a meshing slide (217) along its length direction. The side of the meshing slide (217) has teeth that mesh with the transmission gear (216).

4. The automatic optical axis cylindricity detection device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The connecting shaft (212) is a key shaft, and the sliding sleeve (215) is a key sleeve. The connecting shaft (212) and the sliding sleeve (215) are engaged by splines.

5. The automatic optical axis cylindricity detection device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The adaptive angle adjustment unit (220) includes a U-shaped support base (221) fixed to the top of the lifting slide (214). A rotating sleeve (222) is rotatably provided inside the U-shaped support base (221). A pressure plate (223) is fixed to the top of the rotating sleeve (222). A drive shaft (224) is fixed inside the rotating sleeve (222). The drive shaft (224) is rotatably assembled with the U-shaped support base (221) through a rotating connector. The drive shaft (224) passes through both sides of the U-shaped support base (221). The drive shaft (224) is located near its two outer ends. A sliding tube (225) is slidably sleeved on each side. The sliding tube (225) is fixed to the top of the meshing slide (217). The outer ring surface of the sliding tube (225) has a spiral path groove (226). The transmission shaft (224) has a sliding pin (227) fixed on the outer ring surface near its two ends. The sliding pin (227) is slidably disposed inside the spiral path groove (226). A cylinder (229) is fixed at the bottom of the fixed base (213). The top of the output rod of the cylinder (229) moves through the fixed base (213) and is fixed to the bottom of the lifting slide (214).

6. The automatic optical axis cylindricity detection device according to claim 5, characterized in that: A return spring (228) is sleeved around the drive shaft (224). The return spring (228) is fixedly assembled between the side of the U-shaped support (221) and the end of the sliding tube (225). There are two sliding tubes (225) of the same specification.

7. The automatic optical axis cylindricity detection device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The angle positioning unit (230) includes a sealing cylinder (231) movably disposed on the fixed base (213) along the height direction of the fixed base (213). The sealing cylinder (231) is located at the top of the engagement slide (217). A piston (232) is slidably disposed inside the sealing cylinder (231) along its circumference. A drag rod (233) is coaxially fixed inside the piston (232). One end of the drag rod (233) away from the piston (232) is fixed to the side of the sliding tube (225). An air intake one-way valve (235) is provided at the end of the outer ring surface of the piston (232) away from the sliding tube (225).

8. The automatic optical axis cylindricity detection device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The sealing cylinder (231) has a vent (234) on one end face away from the sliding tube (225), and a gas storage sleeve (236) is fixed on one end face of the sealing cylinder (231) near the vent (234). The gas storage sleeve (236) is a pipe with an independent connector on the outside. A gas guide pipe (237) is connected to the outer connector of the gas storage sleeve (236). A purge nozzle (238) is connected to one end of the gas guide pipe (237) away from the gas storage sleeve (236). The purge nozzle (238) is fixedly installed at the bottom of the laser detection device (211), and the nozzle of the purge nozzle (238) corresponds to the detection end of the laser detection device (211).

9. The automatic optical axis cylindricity detection device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The gas storage sleeve (236) is slidably provided with a block (239) along its circumference inside. In the initial state, the block (239) blocks the air vent (234). A push rod (2310) is fixed on the side of the block (239) away from the sealing cylinder (231). The push rod (2310) passes through the gas storage sleeve (236) and is slidably assembled with the gas storage sleeve (236). A top spring (2311) is sleeved around the push rod (2310). The top spring (2311) is fixedly assembled between the block (239) and the gas storage sleeve (236).

10. The automatic optical axis cylindricity detection device according to claim 9, characterized in that: A ball (2312) is fixed at the end of the push rod (2310) away from the block (239). A triggering wedge (2313) is fixed at the top of the fixed base (213). The triggering wedge (2313) is located at the end of the engagement slide (217) near the ball (2312). A clearance groove (2314) is provided on the side of the triggering wedge (2313) near the engagement slide (217). The width of the clearance groove (2314) is greater than the diameter of the push rod (2310) and smaller than the diameter of the ball (2312). In the initial state, the clearance groove (2314) is located at the bottom of the push rod (2310).

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