CT (Computed Tomography) image neck collar capable of eliminating artifacts and examination auxiliary instrument

Abstract

The utility model discloses a CT (Computed Tomography) image neck collar capable of eliminating artifacts and an examination auxiliary instrument, and the CT image neck collar capable of eliminating artifacts comprises a neck strap, a neck collar and a neck collar, the first support body is fixedly arranged at one end of the neck strap; the second support body is fixedly arranged at the other end of the neck strap, and the second support body and the first support body are arranged in a mirror image mode; the first supporting body comprises a plurality of containing bags which are arranged in a stacked mode from top to bottom, the containing bags are arranged in a sealed mode and are each provided with a valve, and auxiliary liquid is contained in the containing bags. The first supporting body and the second supporting body which are provided with the containing bags are arranged on the two sides of the neck band, corresponding shoulder spaces on the two sides of the neck of a patient can be filled, auxiliary liquid is contained in the containing bags, the function of uniformizing tissue ray attenuation is achieved in the CT scanning process, artifacts are reduced or even eliminated, the quality of scanned images is effectively improved, and the CT scanning efficiency is improved. And no adverse effect is caused on the patient.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of CT inspection, in particular to a CT image neck support for eliminating artifacts and an inspection auxiliary device. Background Art

[0002] Computerized X-ray tomography (abbreviated as X-CT or CT) is a device that uses x-rays to scan the human body, converts the analog signal r received by the detector into a digital signal, calculates the attenuation coefficient of each pixel by an electronic computer, and reconstructs the image to display the fault structure of various parts of the human body. When using CT to scan the patient's thyroid gland, since part of the thyroid gland is located at the shoulder level, the bilateral shoulder joints, bilateral clavicles and thyroid soft tissue are located at the same level when the patient lies flat. At the same time, since the curve from the patient's shoulder to the neck changes greatly, it is easy to form beam artifacts on the CT image, affecting the image quality.

[0003] To address the artifact problem, image quality can be improved by increasing radiation dosage, but different patients have different tolerance levels to radiation, which can increase the probability of lesions and malignant tumors.

[0004] In the prior art, the image quality of CT neck scans of patients is improved by increasing the radiation dosage. Although it can eliminate artifacts, it also poses potential risks to patients and is not conducive to their health and subsequent treatment.

[0005] Therefore, the prior art still needs to be improved and developed. Utility Model Content

[0006] In order to solve the problem that in the prior art, artifacts are easily present in the examination image due to the large changes in the angle curve of the patient's shoulder and neck and the overlapping positions of body tissues in CT examinations, and the prior art improves image quality by increasing radiation dosage, which may cause potential health risks to patients, the utility model provides a CT image neck brace and examination auxiliary equipment for eliminating artifacts.

[0007] The utility model is realized by the following technical solutions:

[0008] A CT image neck collar for eliminating artifacts, characterized in that the CT image neck collar for eliminating artifacts comprises:

[0009] Neck strap;

[0010] A first bracket, wherein the first bracket is fixedly disposed on one end of the neckband;

[0011] A second bracket, the second bracket being fixedly disposed on the other end of the neckband, the second bracket being mirror-imaged to the first bracket;

[0012] The first support body includes a plurality of containing bags stacked from top to bottom, the plurality of containing bags are sealed and are all provided with valves, and auxiliary liquid is contained in the containing bags.

[0013] The artifact-eliminating CT imaging cervical collar, wherein the first bracket body and the second bracket body are arranged along the length direction of the neck strap, and the length dimensions of several of the containing bags in the first bracket body and the second bracket body are different.

[0014] The artifact-eliminating CT imaging neck brace, wherein, in the first bracket body and the second bracket body, a plurality of the accommodation bags are aligned and fixedly connected at one end facing the neck strap, and a plurality of the accommodation bags are staggered at one end facing away from the neck strap.

[0015] The CT imaging neck brace for eliminating artifacts, wherein the length of the accommodation bag on the side close to the neck strap is greater than the length of the accommodation bag on the side away from the neck strap;

[0016] The lengths of the stacked containing bags decrease in sequence.

[0017] The CT image cervical collar for eliminating artifacts, wherein the valve comprises:

[0018] an infusion tube, one end of which is sealed and connected to the containing bag, and the other end of which is provided with a first thread on the outer side;

[0019] A sealing cover, wherein a plurality of guide grooves are arranged around the outer circumference of the sealing cover, wherein the plurality of guide grooves are arranged concavely along a predetermined arc, and a second thread is arranged inside the sealing cover, wherein the second thread is detachably and tightly connected with the first thread.

[0020] The CT imaging cervical collar for eliminating artifacts, wherein a limit plate is provided on the infusion tube at a position corresponding to the first thread;

[0021] A connecting belt is rotatably arranged at the center of one side of the sealing cover, a mounting ring is arranged at one end of the connecting belt away from the sealing cover, the mounting ring is sleeved on the infusion tube at a position corresponding to the limit plate, and the connecting belt and the mounting ring are components made of elastic material.

[0022] The artifact-eliminating CT imaging cervical collar, wherein the valves on the plurality of containing bags are arranged on the same side of the corresponding cervical strap.

[0023] The artifact-eliminating CT imaging neck brace, wherein the neck strap is a flexible neck strap, and the plurality of containing bags are flexible containing bags.

[0024] The artifact-eliminating CT imaging cervical collar, wherein the neck strap, the containing bag and the valve are components made of non-metallic materials.

[0025] An examination auxiliary device, wherein the examination auxiliary device comprises the CT image cervical collar for eliminating artifacts as described in any one of the above.

[0026] The beneficial effect of the utility model is that the utility model provides a first support body and a second support body with a plurality of receiving bags on both sides of the neck strap, so as to fill the shoulder space on both sides of the patient's neck. The receiving bags contain auxiliary liquid, which plays a role in uniform tissue radiation attenuation during CT scanning, thereby reducing or even eliminating artifacts, effectively improving the quality of the scanned image, and will not cause adverse effects on the patient. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 It is a stereoscopic image of the CT image neck brace for eliminating artifacts of the utility model;

[0028] Figure 2 This is a front view of the CT image cervical collar for eliminating artifacts of the utility model;

[0029] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the first state of the valve in the CT image cervical collar for eliminating artifacts of the utility model;

[0030] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the second state of the valve in the CT image cervical support for eliminating artifacts according to the utility model.

[0031] exist Figures 1 to 4 Middle: 100, neck strap; 200, first support body; 210, receiving bag; 220, valve; 230, infusion tube; 231, first thread; 232, limit plate; 240, sealing cover; 241, second thread; 242, guide groove; 243, connecting belt; 244, mounting ring; 300, second support body. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and effect of the utility model clearer and more specific, the utility model is further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described here are only used to explain the utility model and are not used to limit the utility model.

[0033] It should be noted that if the embodiments of the present invention involve directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, back...), the directional indications are only used to explain the relative position relationship, movement status, etc. between the components under a certain specific posture (as shown in the accompanying drawings). If the specific posture changes, the directional indications will also change accordingly.

[0034] In addition, if there are descriptions involving "first", "second", etc. in the embodiments of the utility model, the descriptions of "first", "second", etc. are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or suggesting their relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In addition, the technical solutions between the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but they must be based on the ability of ordinary technicians in the field to implement them. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or cannot be implemented, it should be deemed that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection required by the utility model.

[0035] In the prior art, the image quality of CT neck scans of patients is improved by increasing the radiation dosage. Although it can eliminate artifacts, it also poses potential risks to patients and is not conducive to their health and subsequent treatment.

[0036] Based on the above problems in the prior art, the utility model provides a CT imaging cervical collar for eliminating artifacts, such as Figure 1 As shown, the CT image neck brace for eliminating artifacts includes: a neck strap 100; a first bracket body 200, which is fixedly arranged on one end of the neck strap 100; a second bracket body 300, which is fixedly arranged on the other end of the neck strap 100, and the second bracket body 300 is arranged in a mirror image with the first bracket body 200; the first bracket body 200 includes a plurality of containing bags 210 overlapped from top to bottom, the plurality of containing bags 210 are sealed and are all provided with valves 220, and auxiliary liquid is contained in the containing bags 210.

[0037] The utility model provides a first support body 200 and a second support body 300 with a plurality of receiving bags 210 on both sides of a neck strap 100, so as to fill the space corresponding to the shoulders on both sides of the patient's neck. The receiving bags 210 contain auxiliary liquid, which plays a role in uniform tissue radiation attenuation during CT scanning, thereby reducing or even eliminating artifacts, effectively improving the quality of the scanned image, and will not cause adverse effects on the patient.

[0038] In the above embodiment, if Figure 1 As shown, the main body of the CT image cervical collar for eliminating artifacts of the present invention is composed of a neck strap 100, a first bracket body 200 and a second bracket body 300, wherein the neck strap 100 is made of a flexible material and is used to correspond to the patient's neck, and the first bracket body 200 and the second bracket body 300 are connected at the same time, so that the first bracket body 200 and the second bracket body 300 are respectively fixed on both sides of the patient's neck, and the first bracket body 200 and the second bracket body 300 are respectively fixedly arranged at both ends of the neck strap 100, and the first bracket body 200 and the second bracket body 300 are arranged in a mirror image.

[0039] In the specific configuration, since the second support body 300 and the first support body 200 are mirror-imaged and have the same structure, in the following embodiments, only the specific structure of the first support body 200 is explained, and those skilled in the art can configure the second support body 300 with reference to the structure of the first support body 200. Specifically, the first support body 200 includes a plurality of receiving bags 210 stacked from top to bottom, and the plurality of receiving bags 210 are sealed and can be used to hold and seal the auxiliary liquid. A valve 220 is provided on each of the plurality of receiving bags 210, and the valve 220 is used to connect the interior of the receiving bag 210 with the outside, or to seal the receiving bag 210, so as to achieve the effect of holding the auxiliary liquid in the receiving bag 210 or pouring out the auxiliary liquid.

[0040] In the present embodiment, since a plurality of receiving bags 210 are stacked and arranged, the height of the CT image neck brace for eliminating artifacts can be adjusted according to different conditions of the patient. Specifically, when the patient is an adult with a larger neck diameter, the plurality of receiving bags 210 can be filled with auxiliary liquid to make the height of the plurality of receiving bags 210 fit the contour height of the patient's neck and shoulders; when the patient is a young patient with a smaller neck diameter, the auxiliary liquid in some of the receiving bags 210 can be poured out to make the height of the plurality of receiving bags 210 fit the contour height of the patient's neck and shoulders.

[0041] In this embodiment, the auxiliary liquid is specifically physiological saline, which can be detected as compensation for human tissue during CT image scanning. During image reconstruction, the physiological saline plays a role in improving the uniformity of tissue attenuation, thereby filling the large curved areas of the patient's neck and shoulders. Therefore, the image portion that is prone to artifacts can be improved. When arranged reasonably, artifacts in the image can be eliminated, effectively improving the generation quality of the scanned image.

[0042] In one possible implementation of the present invention, Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the first support body 200 and the second support body 300 are arranged along the length direction of the neck strap 100, so as to form an extension from the patient's neck to the patient's shoulder. The above-mentioned storage bag 210 should also be made of flexible materials when actually made, so as to fit the shoulder and neck curves of different patients. In this embodiment, the first support body 200 and the second support body 300 both contain a plurality of storage bags 210, but in actual arrangement, the lengths of the plurality of storage bags 210 in the first support body 200 and the second support body 300 are different. The advantage of such arrangement is that it is convenient for medical staff to adjust according to the actual conditions of different patients. For example, for patients with smaller shoulder width, the auxiliary liquid in the storage bag 210 with a larger length can be poured out, so that the length of the remaining storage bag 210 with the auxiliary liquid is adapted to the patient's shoulder width, so as to improve the adaptability of the first support body 200 and the second support body 300 to the patient's body during scanning.

[0043] Further, in another possible implementation of the present invention, as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, when the first support body 200 and the second support body 300 are actually set, the ends of the several receiving bags 210 facing the neck strap 100 are aligned and fixedly connected. The purpose of such a setting is to enable the first support body 200 and the second support body 300 to support the neck strap 100, and the three form a door-like structure. On the one hand, the door-like structure is used to avoid the patient's neck, so as to prevent the neck strap 100 from causing pressure on the patient and affecting the breathing. On the other hand, the positions of the first support body 200 and the second support body 300 corresponding to the neck strap 100 can fit with the patient's neck to prevent separation from the patient's neck during use, thereby ensuring stability in use.

[0044] On the other side of the first bracket 200 and the second bracket 300, i.e., at one end of the plurality of receiving bags 210 away from the neck strap 100, since the lengths of the plurality of receiving bags 210 are different, in actual settings, the ends of the plurality of receiving bags 210 are staggered. The purpose of this setting is to facilitate medical staff to select a suitable receiving bag 210 according to the size of the patient's body parts, or to remove the auxiliary liquid in an unsuitable receiving bag 210, so that the first bracket 200 and the second bracket 300 can be adapted to the patient's body size.

[0045] In a specific embodiment, Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, Figure 2The up and down directions shown are reference coordinates. In the first bracket 200 and the second bracket 300, the length dimension of the receiving bag 210 close to the neck strap 100 (i.e., the upper side as shown in the figure) is greater than the length dimension of the receiving bag 210 away from the neck strap 100 (i.e., the lower side as shown in the figure), and when a plurality of receiving bags 210 are provided, the length dimensions of the plurality of overlapping receiving bags 210 decrease successively from top to bottom. The advantage of such a configuration is that the uppermost receiving bag 210 can cover the receiving bag 210 below, so that a covering effect with smooth surface lines can be formed when corresponding to the shoulder and neck of the patient. When it is necessary to adjust the height of the CT image neck support to eliminate artifacts according to the different neck heights of different patients, the auxiliary liquid can also be directly removed from the upper receiving bag 210 to achieve a quick adjustment effect.

[0046] In another embodiment of the present invention, Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the valve 220 is specifically composed of an infusion tube 230 and a sealing cover 240, wherein one end of the infusion tube 230 is sealed and connected to the above-mentioned receiving bag 210, and the inner cavity of the infusion tube 230 is connected to the interior of the receiving bag 210, so that medical staff can infuse or pour out auxiliary liquid into the receiving bag 210 through the infusion tube 230, so as to make adjustments. A first thread 231 is provided on the end of the infusion tube 230 away from the receiving bag 210, and correspondingly, a second thread 241 is provided on the inner side of the sealing cover 240, and the second thread 241 is rotationally adapted to the first thread 231. When the sealing cover 240 is rotatably installed at a predetermined position on the infusion tube 230, the infusion tube 230 can be buckled and locked, thereby locking the auxiliary liquid in the receiving bag 210.

[0047] In the specific setting, in order to facilitate the medical staff to rotate the sealing cover 240, a plurality of guide grooves 242 are also circumferentially arranged on the outer side of the sealing cover 240. The plurality of guide grooves 242 are recessed along a predetermined arc to adapt to the arc of the medical staff's fingers, and at the same time provide force points to facilitate the medical staff to rotate the sealing cover 240 to achieve the removal or fastening of the sealing cover 240.

[0048] In the above embodiment, if Figure 1 As shown, valves 220 are provided on several containing bags 210, so that the auxiliary liquid in the CT image cervical collar for eliminating artifacts can be partitioned by the several containing bags 210. When adjusting, a suitable containing bag 210 is selected to pour or infuse the auxiliary liquid, which can achieve the effect of quickly adjusting the height and length to adapt to the actual condition of the patient.

[0049] In another embodiment of the present invention, Figure 1As shown, the valves 220 on the above-mentioned several containing bags 210 are arranged on the same side of the corresponding neckband 100. The advantage of such arrangement is that on the one hand, it is convenient for medical staff to quickly identify and operate, and on the other hand, when in use, the side of the containing bag 210 where the valve 220 is arranged corresponds to the patient's head. Therefore, there is no structural arrangement other than the containing bag 210 and the auxiliary liquid at the position of the containing bag 210 corresponding to the patient's shoulder, which can avoid the occurrence of artifacts in the scanned image caused by the valve 220.

[0050] In the above embodiment, in order to further improve the use efficiency of the valve 220 and prevent the sealing cover 240 from falling off or being lost when the valve 220 is in use, a limit plate 232 is further provided on the infusion tube 230 at a position corresponding to the first thread 231 in the present embodiment. The diameter of the limit plate 232 is larger than the diameter of the infusion tube 230. The limit plate 232 is used to limit the installation position of the sealing cover 240 at the end of the infusion tube 230, thereby facilitating medical staff to determine whether the installation is in place. At the same time, a connecting belt 243 is provided on one side of the sealing cover 240, one end of the connecting belt 243 is positioned and rotatably arranged at the center position of the sealing cover 240, and a mounting ring 244 is provided on the end of the connecting belt 243 that is away from the sealing cover 240. During actual assembly, the mounting ring 244 is sleeved on the position of the infusion tube 230 corresponding to the limit plate 232, and is restricted in movement by the first thread 231 and the limit plate 232, thereby forming an effect of hanging the sealing cover 240 through the mounting ring 244 and the connecting belt 243, which can prevent the sealing cover 240 from falling off. At the same time, since the sealing cover 240 is rotatably connected to the connecting belt 243, it will not affect the screwing process of the sealing cover 240 during the opening or closing process.

[0051] In this embodiment, the connecting belt 243 and the mounting ring 244 are manufactured in an integrally formed manner to ensure structural strength, and the connecting belt 243 and the mounting ring 244 are made of elastic materials, specifically rubber, silicone and the like. On the one hand, it is convenient for medical staff to disinfect, and on the other hand, the elastic deformation of the connecting belt 243 can adapt to the position changes of the sealing cover 240 in different states. In addition, the elastically arranged mounting ring 244 abuts against one side of the sealing cover 240 when the sealing cover 240 rotates to a certain position, so that the pressure of the sealing cover 240 acts on the mounting ring 244, thereby achieving the effect of limiting the free rotation of the sealing cover 240 through the surface friction of the mounting ring 244, thereby preventing the sealing cover 240 from failing due to rotation during use.

[0052] In the present embodiment, since the artifact-eliminating CT imaging neck collar is used to assist the patient's CT scanning, in actual setting, the functional components such as the neck strap 100, the receiving bag 210 and the valve 220 are all made of non-metallic materials, specifically plastic, silk fabric, waterproof synthetic material, etc., which is not limited in the present application.

[0053] Based on the above embodiments, the actual use process of the CT imaging cervical collar for eliminating artifacts of the utility model is as follows:

[0054] First, the patient lies flat on the examination bed and the CT image neck brace is placed to eliminate artifacts. Figure 1 The state shown is placed on the patient's neck and shoulder area, wherein the side with the valve 220 corresponds to the top side of the patient's head;

[0055] Then, according to the patient's body shape, the auxiliary liquid in the receiving bag 210 of the first support body 200 and the second support body 300 is adjusted so that the height and length of the first support body 200 and the second support body are adapted to the height and length of the patient's shoulder and neck;

[0056] Finally, the position correspondence between the neck strap 100 and the patient's neck is adjusted, and the sides of the first bracket 200 and the second bracket 300 are adjusted to fit the patient's neck and shoulders. When performing a CT scan, the presence of the auxiliary fluid can achieve uniform tissue radiation attenuation, thereby reducing or even eliminating artifacts and effectively improving the quality of the scanned image.

[0057] Based on the above embodiments, the utility model also provides an inspection auxiliary device, which includes the CT image neck support for eliminating artifacts described in any one of the above embodiments, and the CT image neck support for eliminating artifacts includes: a neck strap; a first support body, the first support body is fixedly arranged on one end of the neck strap; a second support body, the second support body is fixedly arranged on the other end of the neck strap, and the second support body is arranged in a mirror image with the first support body; the first support body includes a plurality of holding bags arranged overlapping from top to bottom, the plurality of holding bags are sealed and all are provided with valves, and auxiliary liquid is contained in the holding bags. The utility model can fill the shoulder space corresponding to the two sides of the patient's neck by arranging the first support body and the second support body with a plurality of holding bags on both sides of the neck strap, and the auxiliary liquid is contained in the holding bags, which plays a role in uniform tissue ray attenuation during CT scanning, thereby reducing or even eliminating artifacts, effectively improving the quality of the scanned image, and will not cause adverse effects on the patient.

[0058] In summary, the utility model provides a CT image neck brace and examination auxiliary device for eliminating artifacts, wherein the CT image neck brace for eliminating artifacts includes: a neck strap; a first bracket body, the first bracket body is fixedly arranged on one end of the neck strap; a second bracket body, the second bracket body is fixedly arranged on the other end of the neck strap, and the second bracket body is arranged in a mirror image with the first bracket body; the first bracket body includes a plurality of receiving bags arranged to overlap from top to bottom, the plurality of receiving bags are sealed and are all provided with valves, and auxiliary liquid is contained in the receiving bags. The utility model can fill the shoulder space corresponding to the two sides of the patient's neck by arranging the first bracket body and the second bracket body with a plurality of receiving bags on both sides of the neck strap, and the receiving bags contain auxiliary liquid, which plays a role in uniform tissue ray attenuation during CT scanning, thereby reducing or even eliminating artifacts, effectively improving the quality of the scanned image, and will not cause adverse effects on the patient.

[0059] It should be understood that the application of the present invention is not limited to the above examples. For ordinary technicians in this field, improvements or changes can be made according to the above description. All these improvements and changes should fall within the scope of protection of the claims attached to the present invention.

Claims

1. A CT image cervical collar for eliminating artifacts, characterized in that: The CT image cervical collar for eliminating artifacts comprises: Neck strap; A first bracket, wherein the first bracket is fixedly disposed on one end of the neckband; A second bracket, the second bracket being fixedly disposed on the other end of the neckband, the second bracket being mirror-imaged to the first bracket; The first support body includes a plurality of containing bags stacked from top to bottom, the plurality of containing bags are sealed and each is provided with a valve, and auxiliary liquid is contained in the containing bags.

2. The CT imaging cervical collar for eliminating artifacts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first bracket and the second bracket are arranged along the length direction of the neckband, and the lengths of the plurality of the receiving bags in the first bracket and the second bracket are different.

3. The CT imaging cervical collar for eliminating artifacts according to claim 2, characterized in that: In the first bracket and the second bracket, a plurality of the accommodating bags are aligned and fixedly connected at one end facing the neck strap, and a plurality of the accommodating bags are staggered at one end facing away from the neck strap.

4. The CT imaging cervical collar for eliminating artifacts according to claim 2, characterized in that: The length of the storage bag on the side close to the neckband is greater than that of the storage bag on the side away from the neckband; The lengths of the stacked accommodation bags decrease in sequence.

5. The CT imaging cervical collar for eliminating artifacts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The valve comprises: an infusion tube, one end of which is sealed and connected to the containing bag, and the other end of which is provided with a first thread on the outer side; A sealing cover, wherein a plurality of guide grooves are arranged around the outer circumference of the sealing cover, wherein the plurality of guide grooves are arranged concavely along a predetermined arc, and a second thread is arranged inside the sealing cover, wherein the second thread is detachably and tightly connected with the first thread.

6. The CT imaging cervical collar for eliminating artifacts according to claim 5, characterized in that: A limit plate is provided on the infusion tube at a position corresponding to the first thread; A connecting belt is rotatably arranged at the center of one side of the sealing cover, a mounting ring is arranged at one end of the connecting belt away from the sealing cover, the mounting ring is sleeved on the infusion tube at a position corresponding to the limit plate, and the connecting belt and the mounting ring are components made of elastic material.

7. The CT imaging cervical collar for eliminating artifacts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The valves on a plurality of the receiving bags are arranged on the same side of the corresponding neckbands.

8. The CT imaging cervical collar for eliminating artifacts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The neckband is a flexible neckband, and the plurality of receiving bags are flexible receiving bags.

9. The CT imaging cervical collar for eliminating artifacts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The neckband, the containing bag and the valve are components made of non-metallic materials.

10. An inspection auxiliary device, characterized in that: The examination auxiliary device includes the CT image cervical collar for eliminating artifacts as described in any one of claims 1 to 9.

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