Huqin
By improving the structure and materials of the huqin, especially the rods and strings made of polymer materials, made of mahogany, and combining the adjustable guitar code and scale copper bar design, the problem of huqin's pitch is solved, and the performance effect of wide range and convenient fingering is achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202421599023.4
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-07-08
- Publication Date
- 2025-07-11
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-07-08
AI Technical Summary
The pitch of the huqin was difficult to stabilize in the early stages of learning, which led to difficulty in playing music and hindered the popularization and learning process of huqin.
A huqin structure was designed, including a piano rod, head, cylinder, guitar, shaft, string drag and fret. The piano skin and zither are made of polymer materials. The strings are composed of outer and inner strings. The fret is composed of twenty-one scale copper strips. The zither code can be moved to adjust the height of the strings. The zither pole chord drag is made of mahogany material, and the range is divided into common ranges and treble ranges for easy fingering.
By stabilizing the pitch, the fingering of the performance is simplified, the applicability and learning convenience of the huqin are improved, and the range span is up to three octaves, suitable for performers of different levels.
Smart Images
Figure CN223092556U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of stringed instruments, and particularly relates to a Chinese fiddle. Background Art
[0002] As a traditional national musical instrument, the Chinese fiddle has always been deeply loved by everyone. However, in the initial stage of learning, intonation is the biggest problem hindering learning. Without achieving accurate intonation, the performance of music is relatively difficult. Content of the Utility Model
[0003] In view of the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art, the utility model provides a Chinese fiddle, aiming to stabilize the intonation of the Chinese fiddle, solve the intonation problem in the initial stage of learning, enable people to play music more simply, and promote the popularization of the Chinese fiddle.
[0004] To achieve the above object, the specific scheme of the utility model is as follows:
[0005] The Chinese fiddle includes a fiddle stick, a peghead and a fiddle barrel. The top end of the fiddle stick is connected to the peghead, and the bottom end is connected to the fiddle barrel. A fiddle support is installed at the bottom of the fiddle barrel. On the fiddle stick between the peghead and the fiddle barrel, a first tuning peg, a second tuning peg, a string support and frets are respectively arranged from top to bottom. One end of each of the two strings is connected to the first tuning peg and the second tuning peg respectively. The other ends of the two strings are sequentially connected to the bottom of the fiddle support through the string support, the frets and a bridge. The bridge is arranged in the middle of the fiddle barrel.
[0006] Further, the fiddle barrel is a three-dimensional hexagon formed by connecting two hexagons through a square wooden board. The front of the fiddle barrel is covered with a fiddle skin, which is made of a polymer material. The bridge is arranged in the middle of the fiddle barrel, and a string groove for installing the strings is provided on the bridge.
[0007] Further, the polymer material is a PET polyester film.
[0008] Further, the first tuning peg is arranged on the fiddle stick 3 cm away from the peghead, and the second tuning peg is arranged on the fiddle stick 5 cm below the first tuning peg.
[0009] Further, a sound outlet is provided on the back of the fiddle barrel, and a string hook groove for connecting the bottom ends of the strings is provided at the bottom of the fiddle support.
[0010] Further, the two strings are respectively an outer string and an inner string, and the diameter of the outer string is smaller than that of the inner string.
[0011] Further, the height of the string support is 1 mm higher than that of the frets. The length of the string support is the same as the width of the fiddle stick. Both the fiddle stick and the string support are made of mahogany. Two string grooves for installing the strings are provided on the string support.
[0012] Further, the frets are composed of twenty-one scale copper bars, and each scale copper bar is arranged at intervals from top to bottom between the string support and the fiddle barrel.
[0013] Furthermore, the peghead is that of an erhu, the first tuning peg and the second tuning peg are respectively made of wooden material or metal material, and the frets are made of bone material, wooden material inlaid with metal strips or steel material.
[0014] Advantages of the present utility model
[0015] The sound range of the huqin of the present utility model is d1 to a4. Since the tones of the huqin are relatively broad and have a large span, in terms of applicability, the huqin of the present utility model is divided into a common sound range, a high - pitched sound range, etc. according to the pitch of the sound range. In terms of structural settings, in order to make the fingering more convenient for playing, the frets of this huqin are set lower, which is convenient for the player to press the strings and convenient for students to learn and play. Since the open string of the inner string of the strings is the lowest note d1 of the first leger line staff, and the highest note is the highest note of the outer string which is a4 of the fourth leger line staff, under the arrangement of the frets, the pitch gradually becomes higher and the finger distance for pressing the strings gradually becomes smaller. Just like an erhu, the highest note is at the bottom end of the outer string, which is a4 of the fourth leger line staff. Therefore, the sound range span of the huqin of the present utility model can reach up to three octaves at most. Description of the drawings
[0016] Figure 1 It is a front - view structural schematic diagram of the huqin of the present utility model.
[0017] Figure 2 is Figure 1 the side - view structural schematic diagram in
[0018] In the figure:
[0019] 1. Peghead; 2. First tuning peg; 3. Neck; 4. String support; 5. Strings; 6. Frets; 7. Sound box; 8. Bridge; 9. Tailpiece; 10. Second tuning peg; 11. Sound outlet. Specific implementation manners
[0020] The following further explains and illustrates the present utility model in conjunction with the drawings and specific implementation manners. It should be noted that this specific embodiment does not limit the scope of rights of the present utility model.
[0021] As Figure 1 and Figure 2 shown, the total length of the huqin made in this specific embodiment is 81 cm, and it includes a neck 3, a peghead 1 and a sound box 7. The length of the peghead 1 is 12 cm.
[0022] The length of the neck 3 is 60 cm. The front surface of the neck 3 is a plane polished from the wall surface of redwood. The back surface of the neck 3 is an elliptical shape polished smoothly. Redwood has excellent oiliness, density and hardness, and is the most suitable material for making huqin. In terms of material selection, generally, the differences in climate between the north and the south should be followed, that is, northern huqin uses northern wood and southern huqin uses southern wood. The obtained wood should be naturally dried in the local area for one season to make the stability of the wood reach the best effect and the resonance ability of the sound box better.
[0023] The top end of the neck 3 is connected to the peghead 1. The peghead 7 is the peghead of an erhu. The bottom end of the neck 3 is connected to the sound box 7. The sound box 7 is made of raw wood material. The sound box 7 is a three-dimensional hexagon formed by bonding two hexagons with a square wooden board. The front of the sound box 7 is covered with a soundboard, and the soundboard is made of PET polyester film. There is a sound outlet on the back of the sound box 7, which plays the role of spreading sound and simple decoration.
[0024] The sound post 9 is installed at the bottom of the sound box 7. There is a string groove on the sound post 9 for hooking two strings. There are string-hooking grooves at the bottom of the sound post 9 for respectively connecting the bottom ends of the two strings 5. The distance between the two string-hooking grooves is 0.5 cm. On the neck 3 between the peghead 1 and the sound box 7, there are a first tuning peg 2, a second tuning peg 10, a string rest 4 and frets 6 arranged from top to bottom. The frets 6 are composed of twenty-one scale copper bars, and each scale copper bar is arranged at intervals from top to bottom between the string rest 4 and the sound box 7. The frets 6 are made of bone material, wood material inlaid with metal strips or steel material. In this embodiment, they are made of wood material inlaid with metal strips and are arranged according to the equal temperament tuning system, which can play both traditional musical scales and the equal temperament tuning system. The first tuning peg 2 is set on the upper part of the neck 3, 3 cm away from the peghead. The second tuning peg 10 is set on the neck 3, 5 cm below the first tuning peg 2. The height of the string rest 4 is 1 mm higher than the height of the frets 6. The length of the string rest 4 is the same as the length of the neck 3. The neck 3 and the string rest 4 are both made of mahogany material. There are two string grooves on the string rest 4.
[0025] The first tuning peg 2 and the second tuning peg 10 are respectively made of wooden material or metal material. One end of each of the two strings 5 is connected to the first tuning peg 2 and the second tuning peg 10 respectively. The string distance between the two strings 5 is 0.5 cm. The bridge 8 is set in the middle of the sound box 7 and is made of hard wood material, aiming to be not easily damaged and movable, which is convenient for adjusting the height of the bridge 8. There are two string grooves on the bridge 8, and the distance between the two string grooves is 0.5 cm. The other ends of the two strings 5 are sequentially connected to the string-hooking grooves at the bottom of the sound post 9 through the string grooves on the string rest 4, the frets 6 and the string grooves on the bridge 8. The two strings 5 are respectively the outer string and the inner string. The diameter of the outer string is smaller than that of the inner string, and the inner string is set at the end close to the performer.
[0026] The manufacturing steps of the huqin in this embodiment are as follows:
[0027] Step 1, manufacturing of the sound box 7 and the sound post 9: Take six pieces of wooden boards with a length of 13 cm and a width of 5 cm to make the sound box. First, polish the front and back sides of the wooden boards, and then assemble and bond them in sequence according to the hexagon. At 3 / 4 of the top wooden board, an oval hole with a diameter of 2 cm and a height of 1.5 cm is opened for inserting the neck 3. The front of the sound box 7 is covered with a PET polyester film material as the soundboard of the sound box, and a steel ring is used for covering the skin.
[0028] The rest 9 is made of a wooden board with a length of 13 cm and a thickness of 2 cm. A string groove is provided on the front surface of the rest 9, and a string-hooking groove is provided at 2 cm from the bottom for fixing the bottom end of the string 5. A hole for fixing the sound box 7 is opened in the middle of the bottom surface of the rest 9.
[0029] Step 2, making of the neck 3: The neck 3 is made of rosewood. The upper part near the head 1 has a thickness of 2 cm, the lower part has a thickness of 1.5 cm, a width of 2.5 cm, and a length of 13 cm is preferred. The length from the sound box 7 to the string rest is 37 cm.
[0030] Step 3, making of the head 1: Using the 2-cm thickness of the neck 3 as the base, cut the wood into an arc shape with a small saw.
[0031] Step 4, installing the frets 6, string rest 4, bridge 8, peg 1, peg 2, and strings 5: Install the string rest 4 and frets 6 from top to bottom on the front plane of the neck 3. Install peg 1 and peg 2 on the upper part of the neck 3. Finally, fix the strings 5 on peg 1, peg 2, and the rest 9. The specific steps are as follows:
[0032] Step 41, the hole for peg 1 is provided 3 cm directly above the neck 3, and the hole for peg 2 is provided at a position 5 cm downward from peg 1.
[0033] Step 42, the height of the string rest 4 is 1 cm, 1 mm higher than the frets 6. The length of the string rest 4 is set to be the same as the width of the neck 3. It is made of a wooden stick. The width of the string rest 4 is 2.5 cm, and a string groove 1 is engraved with a string spacing of 0.5 cm, specifically subject to the condition that the strings 5 do not fret during playing.
[0034] Step 43, measure the distance between the frets 6 of the huqin, mark points, draw lines, and engrave grooves. Cut the steel bar into a suitable size, knock and reinforce it, and flatten it. Hold the huqin at eye level to check if it is flat. Glue it to the huqin with pigskin glue and let it dry and be reinforced for several days.
[0035] Step 44, the bridge 8 is made of wood and is placed in the exact middle of the skin surface of the sound box 7, and a string groove 2 is engraved with a string spacing of 0.5 cm.
[0036] Step 45, the length of the strings 5 is 77 cm. Erhu strings are used, and there are two in total. They are installed on peg 1, peg 2, and the rest 9.
Claims
1. A huqin, characterized in that, It includes a fingerboard, a peghead and a sound box. The top end of the fingerboard is connected to the peghead, and the bottom end is connected to the sound box. A tailpiece is installed at the bottom of the sound box. On the fingerboard between the peghead and the sound box, a first tuning peg, a second tuning peg, a string support and frets are respectively arranged from top to bottom. One end of each of the two strings is connected to the first tuning peg and the second tuning peg respectively. The other ends of the two strings are sequentially connected to the bottom of the tailpiece through the string support, the frets and the bridge. The bridge is arranged in the middle of the sound box. The frets are composed of twenty-one scale copper bars, and each scale copper bar is arranged at intervals from top to bottom between the string support and the sound box.
2. The huqin according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sound box is a three-dimensional hexagon formed by connecting two hexagons with a square wooden board. The front of the sound box is covered with a soundboard skin which is made of a polymer material. The bridge is arranged in the middle of the sound box, and there is a second string groove for installing the strings on the bridge.
3. The huqin according to claim 2, characterized in that, The polymer material is a PET polyester film.
4. The Chinese fiddle according to claim 1, wherein The first tuning peg is arranged on the fingerboard 3 cm away from the peghead, and the second tuning peg is arranged on the fingerboard 5 cm below the first tuning peg.
5. The Chinese fiddle according to claim 1, wherein There is a sound outlet on the back of the sound box, and there is a string-hooking groove for connecting the bottom ends of the strings at the bottom of the tailpiece.
6. The huqin according to claim 1, characterized in that, The two strings are respectively an outer string and an inner string, and the diameter of the outer string is smaller than that of the inner string.
7. The huqin according to claim 1, wherein The height of the string support is 1 mm higher than that of the frets. The length of the string support is the same as the width of the fingerboard. The fingerboard and the string support are both made of mahogany. There are two first string grooves for installing the strings on the string support.
8. The huqin according to claim 1, characterized in that The peghead is a erhu peghead. The first tuning peg and the second tuning peg are respectively made of wooden material or metal material. The frets are made of bone material, wooden material inlaid with metal strips or steel material.