Comprehensive intelligent monitoring system for power distribution cabinet

Abstract

The utility model discloses a comprehensive intelligent monitoring system for a power distribution cabinet. The sensing layer is used for sampling various data of the cabinet body and at least comprises a temperature sensor module, a smoke sensor group, an infrared temperature measurement sensor group and a current detection module; the control layer comprises a CPU (Central Processing Unit) and is used for receiving the signal acquisition information of the sensing layer; and the execution layer is connected with the CPU unit and is used for performing different actions according to the signal acquisition information.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of intelligent power equipment technology, and in particular to a comprehensive intelligent monitoring system for power distribution cabinets. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, power distribution cabinets typically use temperature or current sensors as internal temperature detection units. When the sensor-monitored parameters exceed the set threshold, a fault signal is triggered, the system issues a fault alarm, and notifies maintenance personnel to go to the site for troubleshooting and handling.

[0003] The existing technology has the following shortcomings: First, it lacks comprehensive monitoring capabilities. Traditional solutions only monitor single parameters and lack the ability to integrate and analyze parameters such as temperature, humidity, smoke concentration, and infrared thermometry. Furthermore, it uses a fixed threshold triggering alarm mechanism (e.g., temperature > 70℃), which cannot achieve predictive diagnosis of potential hazards such as arc faults and overload risks. Second, its level of intelligence is limited. Data needs to be processed in the cloud, resulting in decision-making delays and an inability to provide early warnings. It also lacks the self-learning ability based on historical operating data to dynamically optimize the warning threshold. Third, the heat dissipation system is inefficient. Existing technologies mostly rely on single heat dissipation methods such as cooling fans or natural ventilation, which can lead to cooling lag under extreme conditions. It also lacks a multi-level heat dissipation mechanism that links with semiconductor cooling modules and liquid cooling devices. Fourth, the operation and maintenance costs are high. Traditional power distribution cabinets can only transmit data via wires or store it locally, requiring regular on-site inspections by personnel. Utility Model Content

[0004] To address the aforementioned issues, this technical solution provides a comprehensive intelligent monitoring system for power distribution cabinets. The aim is to provide a power distribution cabinet with environmental perception, accident early warning, multi-mode linkage heat dissipation, and remote operation and maintenance functions, thereby solving the problems of weak monitoring capabilities, slow fault response, low heat dissipation efficiency, and difficult operation and maintenance of traditional power distribution cabinets.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution is as follows:

[0006] The integrated intelligent monitoring system for power distribution cabinets includes:

[0007] The sensing layer is used to sample various data from the cabinet, and it includes at least a temperature sensor module, a smoke sensor group, an infrared temperature sensor group, and a current detection module.

[0008] The control layer includes a CPU unit for receiving signal acquisition information from the perception layer;

[0009] The execution layer, connected to the CPU unit, is used to perform different actions based on the signal acquisition information.

[0010] In some embodiments, the execution layer includes at least:

[0011] A variable frequency fan assembly is connected to the CPU unit for conventional heat dissipation;

[0012] A semiconductor cooling chip is connected to the CPU unit and provides emergency heat dissipation by cooling when the temperature is too high.

[0013] Ventilation louvers are connected to the CPU unit and are opened for ventilation and emergency heat dissipation when the temperature is too high.

[0014] A liquid cooling interface is connected to the CPU unit to inject coolant for emergency heat dissipation when the temperature is too high.

[0015] An automatic circuit breaker for circuit protection is connected to the CPU unit and disconnects for protection when the temperature is too high.

[0016] In some embodiments, the CPU unit uses a PWM speed control signal to change the speed of the variable frequency fan assembly.

[0017] In some embodiments, the CPU unit switches the semiconductor cooling chip on and off via a relay.

[0018] In some embodiments, the CPU unit drives the ventilation louvers to open via a solenoid valve.

[0019] In some embodiments, the CPU unit opens the liquid cooling interface by sending a control signal.

[0020] In some embodiments, the CPU unit interacts wirelessly.

[0021] In some embodiments, the interactive device includes at least the cloud, a monitoring screen, an app, and a database.

[0022] The beneficial effects of this application are:

[0023] This application constructs a three-dimensional monitoring system based on multi-sensor fusion. By integrating multi-dimensional sensing modules such as temperature and humidity, smoke concentration, and infrared thermometry, and combining dynamic threshold algorithms, it tracks the environment and component status parameters inside the cabinet in real time to achieve predictive identification of potential hazards such as arc faults. 2. Based on the LSTM time-series prediction model, it analyzes parameters such as temperature gradient change rate and current harmonic characteristics to achieve proactive early warning 10-15 minutes before a fault, and simultaneously establishes a three-level linkage response mechanism (audible and visual alarm → remote notification → circuit breaker staged power outage). 3. It establishes a multi-level linkage heat dissipation mechanism, using a variable frequency fan as the basic heat dissipation unit, a semiconductor cooling chip and ventilation louvers as emergency heat dissipation units, and reserves a liquid cooling interface to adapt to extreme working conditions. It also uses dynamic partitioned temperature field analysis technology to achieve differentiated adjustment of heat dissipation strategies (such as prioritizing the activation of semiconductor cooling in high-heat areas). 4. It adopts a dual-channel wireless transmission method to support remote firmware updates to achieve remote fault diagnosis. In summary, the purpose of this technology is to address the pain points of existing technologies, break through the outdated model of traditional power distribution cabinets where "monitoring relies on manual labor, heat dissipation relies on fans, and faults rely on emergency repairs," and provide a reusable technical framework for the intelligentization of power distribution cabinets. Attached Figure Description

[0024] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below.

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the system structure framework of an embodiment of the present utility model. Figure 1 ;

[0026] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the system structure framework of an embodiment of the present utility model. Figure 2 ;

[0027] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the cabinet structure according to an embodiment of the present utility model. Detailed Implementation

[0028] To make the technical problems solved, technical solutions, and beneficial effects of this utility model clearer, the present utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present utility model and are not intended to limit the present utility model.

[0029] Please refer to Figure 1-3 As shown, the integrated intelligent monitoring system for the power distribution cabinet includes:

[0030] The sensing layer is used to sample various data from the cabinet, and it includes at least a temperature sensor module, a smoke sensor group, an infrared temperature sensor group, and a current detection module.

[0031] The control layer includes a CPU unit for receiving signal acquisition information from the perception layer;

[0032] The execution layer, connected to the CPU unit, is used to perform different actions based on the signal acquisition information.

[0033] Specifically, the execution layer includes at least:

[0034] A variable frequency fan assembly is connected to the CPU unit for conventional heat dissipation;

[0035] A semiconductor cooling chip is connected to the CPU unit and provides emergency heat dissipation by cooling when the temperature is too high.

[0036] Ventilation louvers are connected to the CPU unit and are opened for ventilation and emergency heat dissipation when the temperature is too high.

[0037] A liquid cooling interface is connected to the CPU unit to inject coolant for emergency heat dissipation when the temperature is too high.

[0038] An automatic circuit breaker for circuit protection is connected to the CPU unit and disconnects for protection when the temperature is too high.

[0039] Specifically, the CPU unit changes the speed of the variable frequency fan group through a PWM speed control signal.

[0040] Specifically, the CPU unit switches the semiconductor cooling chip on and off via a relay.

[0041] Specifically, the CPU unit drives the ventilation louvers to open via a solenoid valve.

[0042] Specifically, the CPU unit opens the liquid cooling interface by sending a control signal.

[0043] Specifically, the CPU unit interacts via wireless communication.

[0044] Specifically, interactive devices include at least the cloud, monitoring screens, apps, and databases.

[0045] This application addresses the shortcomings of traditional power distribution equipment in terms of monitoring dimensions, heat dissipation efficiency, accident early warning, and operation and maintenance methods. It proposes an intelligent solution integrating multi-dimensional monitoring, multi-level linkage heat dissipation technology, accident prediction and early warning, and remote fault maintenance. The distribution cabinet achieves a series of intelligent management functions from environmental perception and dynamic diagnosis to active protection. The cabinet body uses galvanized steel sheet as the main material, with an anti-corrosion coating on the surface. Internally, independent air ducts are formed through guide baffles, and a layered layout optimizes space utilization. The system structure diagram is shown below. Figure 1As shown. In traditional distribution cabinets, the cabinet typically has layers of components: circuit breaker open / close indicator lights 1, circuit breaker open / close buttons 2, power meters 3, and circuit breakers 4. This design, based on the traditional distribution cabinet design, deploys a sensing layer, a control layer, and an execution layer separately. Figure 2 and Figure 3 Detailed architecture diagrams and power distribution cabinet structure diagrams are provided respectively, with dashed boxes indicating locations inside the cabinet.

[0046] In the sensing layer, temperature and humidity sensors 5 are installed in layers inside the distribution cabinet, a smoke sensor 6 is installed in the center of the top, and an infrared temperature measurement module 7 is embedded 5mm behind key heat-generating components (such as circuit breakers and busbars). A current monitoring chip 8 is integrated on the PCB board of the distribution branch, forming a multi-dimensional data acquisition system covering environmental parameters, component status, and electrical characteristics. Among them, the temperature and humidity sensors 5 use SHT35 digital sensors, arranged in three layers inside the cabinet: the upper sensor is 50mm from the top of the cabinet, monitoring the area of ​​hot air accumulation to prevent local overheating; the middle sensor is 800mm from the ground, symmetrically installed on both sides, covering core heat-generating components such as circuit breakers and busbars; the bottom sensor is 200mm from the bottom of the cabinet, close to the air inlet, to monitor changes in external environmental temperature and humidity in real time. The smoke sensor 6 uses an XLS100 photoelectric detector installed in the center of the top of the cabinet, with a distance of ≥100mm from the exhaust fan to avoid airflow interference and to identify early smoke. The infrared temperature measurement module 7 uses an infrared sensor MLX90614ESF-BAA, installed 5mm behind the circuit breaker, with a detection range of 10-50mm. Data is transmitted via a communication interface to monitor contact temperature anomalies in real time. The current monitoring chip 8 uses an integrated Hall effect current sensor ACS712 with a sampling frequency of 1kHz, positioned ≤10mm from the terminals to reduce signal interference.

[0047] In the control layer, the central processing unit (CPU) receives real-time multi-dimensional monitoring parameter data collected by the sensing layer via RS-485 bus and Modbus protocol. Based on the LSTM time-series prediction model and built-in fault diagnosis algorithm, the CPU processes the data. By analyzing the temperature gradient change rate (>5℃ / min), three-phase current imbalance, and humidity-load correlation, the CPU implements early warning of faults through local alarm modules (audio-visual alarm and touch screen) and transmits relevant trigger signals and instructions to each control unit in the execution layer.

[0048] At the execution layer, when the detected temperature is >55℃, a variable frequency fan group 12 (3 groups in horizontal parallel design, speed adjustable from 500-3000rpm) is used as the conventional heat dissipation unit. After receiving the PWM speed control signal, the speed is dynamically adjusted according to the temperature and humidity data. When the temperature is >65℃, the system automatically starts the semiconductor cooling chip 9 (12V power supply, cooling power 120W) triggered by the relay and the ventilation louvers 10 driven by the solenoid valve (opening time ≤2s). The semiconductor cooling chip is in close contact with the busbar (cross-sectional area 100mm²). 2 Installation: attach copper heat sink fins (200 cm² surface area) to the cold end. 2 The hot end is connected to a liquid cooling plate (6063 aluminum alloy, flow channel cross-sectional area 5mm×5mm, cooling power 120W); when the temperature > 75℃, activate liquid cooling interface 11 (DN20 standard quick-release connector, compatible with central cooling systems in computer rooms, pressure resistance 1.6MPa, leakage rate ≤1×10). -6 Pa·m 3 / s (certified by ISO 15848 for micro-leakage), and simultaneously receives linkage commands to send forced power-off commands to the cloud via the wireless communication module. Upon receiving control signals, it automatically disconnects the circuit breaker for circuit protection. By combining conventional variable frequency fan cooling units, semiconductor cooling chips and ventilation louvers, as well as liquid cooling modules, a progressive three-stage linkage heat dissipation response mechanism can be formed. At the same time, in conjunction with the bottom dust filter (removable snap-on structure) and the top centrifugal fan to form a bottom-up airflow circulation, the cabinet temperature can be reduced under extreme operating conditions.

[0049] Furthermore, the system transmits cabinet operation data to a cloud-based management platform via a communication module based on dual-channel wireless transmission technology for remote interaction. It also dynamically optimizes warning thresholds through self-learning before transmitting the data to the control layer. Cabinet operation data is displayed in real-time on a large monitoring screen and remotely linked with a mobile app, automatically synchronizing historical databases to achieve remote firmware updates, remote fault diagnosis, and remote cabinet maintenance. This design overcomes the limitations of traditional manual on-site maintenance of distribution cabinets, significantly improving equipment reliability through intelligent monitoring. While reducing maintenance costs, it is compatible with smart grid data interaction, providing an innovative solution for the digital transformation of power equipment.

[0050] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of this application and is not intended to limit the scope of implementation of this application. Any other embodiments whose principles and basic structures are the same as or similar to those of this application are within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A comprehensive intelligent monitoring system for power distribution cabinets, characterized in that, include; The sensing layer is used to sample various data from the cabinet, and it includes at least a temperature sensor module, a smoke sensor group, an infrared temperature sensor group, and a current detection module. The control layer includes a CPU unit for receiving signal acquisition information from the perception layer; The execution layer, connected to the CPU unit, is used to perform different actions based on the signal acquisition information.

2. The integrated intelligent monitoring system for power distribution cabinets according to claim 1, characterized in that: The execution layer includes at least: A variable frequency fan assembly is connected to the CPU unit for conventional heat dissipation; A semiconductor cooling chip is connected to the CPU unit and provides emergency heat dissipation by cooling when the temperature is too high. Ventilation louvers are connected to the CPU unit and are opened for ventilation and emergency heat dissipation when the temperature is too high. A liquid cooling interface is connected to the CPU unit to inject coolant for emergency heat dissipation when the temperature is too high. An automatic circuit breaker for circuit protection is connected to the CPU unit and disconnects for protection when the temperature is too high.

3. The integrated intelligent monitoring system for power distribution cabinets according to claim 2, characterized in that: The CPU unit changes the speed of the variable frequency fan group through a PWM speed control signal.

4. The integrated intelligent monitoring system for power distribution cabinets according to claim 2, characterized in that: The CPU unit switches the semiconductor cooling chip on and off via a relay.

5. The integrated intelligent monitoring system for power distribution cabinets according to claim 2, characterized in that: The CPU unit drives the ventilation louvers to open via a solenoid valve.

6. The integrated intelligent monitoring system for power distribution cabinets according to claim 2, characterized in that: The CPU unit opens the liquid cooling interface by sending a control signal.

7. The integrated intelligent monitoring system for power distribution cabinets according to claim 1, characterized in that: The CPU units interact via wireless communication.

8. The integrated intelligent monitoring system for power distribution cabinets according to claim 7, characterized in that: Interactive devices include at least the cloud, monitoring screens, apps, and databases.

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