An angle measuring device for roof survey

Abstract

This utility model relates to the field of building engineering testing technology, specifically an angle measuring device for roof surveying. It includes a support mechanism, an angle measuring mechanism, and a height adjustment mechanism. Through dual-parameter synchronous measurement, a gravity pendulum is linked to a coaxial dual-scale dial, allowing for simultaneous acquisition of pitch and tilt angles in a single placement, eliminating step-by-step operation errors and improving measurement efficiency. Three-point support feet, combined with ball joints, adapt to the roof curvature. The anti-slip pad has a friction coefficient of 0.8 with the roof surface, enabling it to withstand level 8 wind loads. The gear and rack mechanism raises the height by 2mm per revolution, allowing for fine-tuning of the horizontal plane with the help of a spirit level. The flatness error of the base plate is ≤0.1mm / m². The fully mechanical structure is suitable for environments from -20℃ to 80℃, has a lifespan exceeding 10 years, and reduces maintenance costs by 90%.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of building engineering testing technology, specifically an angle measuring device for roof surveying. Background Technology

[0002] As is well known, the angle measuring device for roof surveying is a professional tool used to accurately measure parameters such as roof slope, slope pitch angle, and eaves inclination. Its data is directly used to evaluate the roof drainage performance, structural load-bearing safety, and roof construction quality, making it an indispensable piece of equipment for roof surveying.

[0003] However, existing measuring tools have obvious technical defects. Although electronic inclinometers can provide direct readings, they rely on battery power and sensor operation. In the high temperature and humidity environment of rooftops, electronic components are prone to failure due to moisture and overheating. Furthermore, surrounding electrical equipment may cause electromagnetic interference, leading to data drift. Mechanical indexers require step-by-step operation, first measuring the roof tilt angle and then converting it into the pitch angle using a formula. Moreover, they lack anti-slip design on smooth rooftops, resulting in a high risk of slippage. In terms of support structure, the fixed support points of traditional tripods cannot adapt to complex roof curvatures such as arcs and waves. In strong winds, uneven stress can cause them to overturn, seriously affecting measurement safety and efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Technical problems to be solved

[0005] To overcome the limitations of existing roof surveying angle measuring devices, such as electronic instruments being restricted by the physical characteristics of components, and traditional mechanical devices being unable to simultaneously achieve multi-parameter measurement and adapt to complex roofs due to their simple structural design, and lacking a dynamic balancing mechanism in the support system, this utility model provides a roof surveying angle measuring device with a purely mechanical structure that can simultaneously measure multiple parameters and adapt to roof morphology.

[0006] Technical solution

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: an angle measuring device for roof surveying, comprising:

[0008] The support mechanism consists of a horizontally set base plate, a vertical column fixed to the center of the base plate, and three adjustable legs hinged to the bottom of the base plate.

[0009] An angle measuring mechanism includes a pendulum shaft mounted on the top of a column via a bearing seat, a gravity pendulum fixed in the middle of the pendulum shaft, and a pitch dial and a tilt dial coaxially mounted at both ends of the pendulum shaft. The pitch dial and the tilt dial are parallel to each other and both perpendicular to the axis of the pendulum shaft.

[0010] The height adjustment mechanism consists of a rack fixed to the side wall of the column, a spur gear meshing with the rack, and an operating handle passing through the center of the gear. The gear is mounted in a fixed frame on the side wall of the column via bearings.

[0011] Preferably, the three adjustable legs are evenly distributed at 120° with the center of the base plate as the center. Each leg is composed of an inner sleeve and an outer sleeve nested together, and their relative positions are fixed by locking bolts on the side walls.

[0012] Furthermore, the ends of the support legs are provided with anti-slip rubber pads.

[0013] Furthermore, the bottom of the gravity pendulum is provided with a conical counterweight, and the two ends of the pendulum shaft are rigidly connected to the pitch and tilt scales via keyways. The surface of the pitch scale is provided with annular angle markings from 0° to 90°, and the surface of the tilt scale is provided with annular angle markings from 0° to 360°.

[0014] In a further embodiment, the rack of the height adjustment mechanism extends axially along the column, the plane of rotation of the gear is perpendicular to the base plate, and the axis of the operating handle is parallel to the plane of rotation of the gear.

[0015] Based on the aforementioned scheme, two mutually perpendicular spirit levels are embedded in the base plate. The first spirit level extends parallel to the length side of the base plate, and the second spirit level extends parallel to the width side of the base plate.

[0016] Furthermore, based on the aforementioned solution, one end of the pendulum shaft is provided with an angle locking assembly, which includes a friction ring sleeved on the pendulum shaft and a locking knob threadedly connected to the friction ring. When tightened, the friction ring presses against the inner wall of the bearing seat to fix the pendulum shaft.

[0017] Furthermore, based on the aforementioned solution, the bottom of the outer sleeve of the adjustable support leg is provided with a ball joint, and the anti-slip rubber pad is fixed to the bottom of the ball joint by a threaded connection.

[0018] Beneficial effects

[0019] This roof surveying angle measuring device uses dual-parameter synchronous measurement. The gravity pendulum is linked to a coaxial dual-scale dial, and the pitch and tilt angles are obtained simultaneously in one placement, eliminating step-by-step operation errors and improving measurement efficiency. The three-point support and ball joint adapt to the roof curvature. The anti-slip pad has a friction coefficient of 0.8 with the roof and can withstand wind loads of level 8. The gear and rack mechanism raises the height by 2mm with each rotation, and the level bubble allows for fine-tuning of the horizontal. The flatness error of the base plate is ≤0.1mm / m². The all-mechanical structure is suitable for environments from -20℃ to 80℃, has a service life of over 10 years, and reduces maintenance costs by 90%. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a side view of the structure of this utility model;

[0021] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the height adjustment mechanism of this utility model;

[0022] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the support mechanism of this utility model;

[0023] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the angle measuring mechanism of this utility model;

[0024] Figure 5 This utility model Figure 4 A magnified schematic diagram of the structure at point A in the middle.

[0025] In the diagram: 1. Support mechanism; 2. Base plate; 3. Column; 4. Adjustable support leg; 5. Angle measuring mechanism; 6. Pendulum shaft; 7. Gravity pendulum; 8. Pitch dial; 9. Tilt dial; 10. Height adjustment mechanism; 11. Rack; 12. Spur gear; 13. Operating handle; 14. Fixing frame; 15. Inner sleeve; 16. Outer sleeve; 17. Locking bolt; 18. Anti-slip rubber pad; 19. Conical counterweight; 20. Spirit level; 21. Angle locking assembly; 22. Friction ring; 23. Locking knob; 24. Ball joint. Detailed Implementation

[0026] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0027] See Figures 1-5 An angle measuring device for roof surveying, through "pure mechanical structure + dual-parameter synchronous measurement + adaptive support design", achieves accurate detection of parameters such as roof slope and pitch angle. The core solution is as follows: the three adjustable legs 4 of the support mechanism 1 are adapted to complex roof surfaces through ball joints and anti-slip pads; the gear rack 11 of the height adjustment mechanism 10 achieves horizontal fine adjustment; the angle measuring mechanism 5 uses a gravity pendulum 7 linked with a double scale to simultaneously obtain the pitch angle (0°-90°) and tilt angle (0°-360°). The all-mechanical structure requires no electricity and is suitable for harsh environments such as high temperature and high humidity. This device solves the problems of easy failure of electronic instruments and cumbersome operation of traditional mechanical devices, and is suitable for the surveying and inspection of various types of roofs (flat roofs, pitched roofs, arched roofs, etc.).

[0028] First, refer to Figure 3In this embodiment, the base plate 2 of the support mechanism 1 is made of aluminum alloy plate with anodized surface, which is lightweight and corrosion resistant. The center of the base plate 2 is vertically welded to the bottom of the column 3. The column 3 is a stainless steel round tube, which serves as the mounting base for the angle measuring mechanism 5. The side wall of the column 3 has a pre-reserved mounting groove for the rack 11 and a connection hole for the fixing frame 14. The base plate 2 is a horizontally arranged rectangular plate structure, and the column 3 is a vertically arranged column structure. The bottom of the base plate 2 is hinged to the top of three adjustable legs 4. The adjustable legs 4 are telescopic column structures. The connection of the base plate 2, the column 3 and the adjustable legs 4 forms a stable support frame, providing a basic bearing for angle measurement.

[0029] Three adjustable legs 4 are evenly distributed at 120° angles around the center of the base plate 2. The inner sleeve 15 (aluminum alloy) and outer sleeve 16 (stainless steel) of each adjustable leg 4 are nested together. The locking bolt 17 on the side wall of the outer sleeve 16 abuts against the inner sleeve 15. Both the inner sleeve 15 and the outer sleeve 16 are tubular structures. The locking bolt 17 is a bolt with a handle and uses a wing nut, which can be manually tightened without tools, improving the convenience of operation. The length of the leg can be adjusted by the relative sliding of the inner sleeve 15 and the outer sleeve 16. The locking bolt 17 can fix the adjusted length to adapt to roofs with different slopes.

[0030] The bottom of the outer tube 16 of the adjustable support leg 4 is fixedly connected to the ball joint 24 (made of brass, a 360° rotatable connection structure) and the top is fixedly connected. The bottom of the ball joint 24 is connected to the anti-slip rubber pad 18 (Shore hardness 70A, a block structure with anti-slip texture on the bottom) by threads. A magnetic suction cup is added to the bottom of the support leg for additional fixation on metal roofs, enhancing stability. The ball joint 24 allows the anti-slip rubber pad 18 to adapt to the curvature of the roof. The anti-slip rubber pad 18 increases the coefficient of friction with the roof and can withstand wind loads of up to level 8.

[0031] Two spirit levels 20 (made of acrylic, a tubular structure containing liquid and air bubbles) are embedded on the base plate 2 and are perpendicular to each other. The first spirit level 20 extends parallel to the length side of the base plate 2, and the second spirit level 20 extends parallel to the width side of the base plate 2. By observing the position of the air bubbles in the spirit level 20, it can be determined whether the base plate 2 is level, providing an accurate reference for measurement.

[0032] Then, refer to Figure 4In this embodiment, the pendulum shaft 6 of the angle measuring mechanism 5 (made of 45# steel with heat treatment and a columnar structure) is mounted on the top of the column 3 through bearing seats, with bearing seats extending from both ends. The middle part of the pendulum shaft 6 is fixedly connected to the gravity pendulum 7. The gravity pendulum 7 is made of cast iron and has a block structure with a conical counterweight 19 at the bottom. The two ends of the pendulum shaft 6 are rigidly connected to the pitch scale 8 and the tilt scale 9 through keyways, respectively. The pitch scale 8 and the tilt scale 9 are disc-shaped structures that are parallel to each other and perpendicular to the axis of the pendulum shaft 6. The gravity pendulum 7 always remains vertical under the action of gravity, driving the pendulum shaft 6 and the pitch scale 8 and tilt scale 9 to rotate synchronously, thereby realizing angle measurement.

[0033] The bottom of the gravity pendulum 7 is fixedly connected to the conical counterweight 19. Both the pitch dial 8 and the tilt dial 9 are made of acrylic material with laser-engraved angle markings on the surface. The surface of the pitch dial 8 has annular angle markings from 0° to 90°, and the surface of the tilt dial 9 has annular angle markings from 0° to 360°. The conical counterweight 19 has a conical structure and enhances the stability of the gravity pendulum 7. The pitch dial 8 is used to read the pitch angle, and the tilt dial 9 is used to read the tilt angle, realizing simultaneous measurement of two parameters.

[0034] The friction ring 22 (rubber material, ring-shaped rubber structure) fitted at one end of the pendulum shaft 6 is threadedly connected to the locking knob 23 (engineering plastic, ring-shaped structure with handle). The locking knob 23 abuts against the bearing seat. When the locking knob 23 is tightened, the friction ring 22 is pressed against the inner wall of the bearing seat, and the pendulum shaft 6 is fixed by friction, which facilitates locking the angle reading and reading the fine scale.

[0035] Secondly, see Figure 4 In this embodiment, the rack 11 (45# steel, a long strip with a toothed structure) of the height adjustment mechanism 10 is axially fixed along the side wall of the column 3. The rack 11 meshes with the spur gear 12 (same module, a circular gear structure). The spur gear 12 is mounted inside the fixed frame 14 (welded steel plate) through bearings. The fixed frame 14 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the column 3. The operating handle 13 (wooden handle + metal shaft, a rod-shaped structure with a handle at one end, equipped with a ratchet mechanism, can rotate in one direction to adjust the height, avoiding device offset caused by reverse rotation) passes through the center of the spur gear 12 and is fixedly connected. The handle axis is parallel to the gear rotation plane. Rotating the operating handle 13 drives the spur gear 12 to rotate. The spur gear 12 rolls along the rack 11 to achieve height adjustment. The rack and pinion mechanism raises the height every one revolution. With the help of the bubble level 20, it achieves fine-tuning of the horizontal position, driving the fixed frame 14 and the column 3 to move up and down (the height of the base plate 2 is adjusted synchronously). With the help of the bubble level 20, the horizontality of the device can be finely calibrated to ensure the accuracy of the measurement benchmark.

[0036] See again Figure 1In this embodiment, the procedure for measuring the slope and orientation of the pitched roof is as follows:

[0037] Place the device on the roof at the location to be measured, loosen the support locking bolt 17, adjust the support length according to the roof slope, observe the level bubble 20 to make the base plate 2 horizontal, tighten the bolt to fix the support, and the gravity pendulum 7 hangs down naturally under the action of gravity, driving the pendulum shaft 6 and the double scale to rotate: the pointer of the pitch scale 8 indicates the angle (slope) between the roof and the horizontal plane, and the pointer of the tilt scale 9 indicates the azimuth of the roof orientation.

[0038] Tighten the locking knob 23 of the angle locking assembly 21 to fix the pendulum shaft 6, read and record the two angle values, move the device to other measuring points, repeat the above steps, and complete the multi-point parameter verification of the roof.

[0039] With the ball joint feet and anti-slip pads working together, it can be placed stably on smooth surfaces such as tiled roofs and metal roofs, with excellent wind resistance. The dual-scale dials measure simultaneously, eliminating the need for step-by-step operation, reducing human error, and improving efficiency by 50% compared to traditional indexers. The all-mechanical structure requires no batteries and can work normally in environments ranging from -20℃ to 80℃, adapting to harsh conditions such as high roof temperatures, rain, and snow.

[0040] Finally, see Figure 1 In this embodiment, the anti-slip rubber pad 18 of the support foot is replaced with silicone rubber, which has better high and low temperature resistance (-60℃ to 200℃) and is suitable for high temperature scenarios such as photovoltaic roofs. The dial surface is covered with a wear-resistant coating (polytetrafluoroethylene) to extend the service life of the markings.

[0041] Working principle:

[0042] When using the roof surveying angle measuring device, the support mechanism 1 must first be adjusted and leveled.

[0043] Support leg length adapted to roof:

[0044] Place the device on the roof at the test location, loosen the locking bolts 17 of the three adjustable legs 4, and adjust the length of the legs by sliding the inner sleeve 15 and the outer sleeve 16. Since the legs are evenly distributed at 120° with the center of the base plate 2 as the center, and the bottom ball joint 24 can rotate 360°, it can adapt to the curvature of complex roofs such as arcs and waves, ensuring that the base plate 2 is initially stable.

[0045] Levelness fine calibration:

[0046] Observe the mutually perpendicular spirit levels 20 on the base plate 2 (the first is parallel to the length side of the base plate 2, and the second is parallel to the width side). Rotate the operating handle 13 of the height adjustment mechanism 10. The spur gear 12 rolls along the rack 11 on the side wall of the column 3, driving the entire device to rise and fall (rising 2mm for each rotation) until the two spirit levels 20 are centered and the flatness error of the base plate 2 is ≤0.1mm / m². Tighten the locking bolts 17 of the support feet to fix it.

[0047] Angle measuring mechanism 5: natural droop and parameter reading

[0048] Gravity pendulum 7-linkage dial:

[0049] The gravity pendulum 7 hangs down naturally under the gravity of the conical counterweight 19, causing the pendulum shaft 6 to rotate around the bearing seat, and the pitch dial 8 and tilt dial 9, which are rigidly connected on the same axis, rotate synchronously.

[0050] The pitch dial 8 (0°-90° circular markings) indicates the angle between the roof and the horizontal plane (i.e., the slope, such as 30° means that the roof rises 0.58 meters for every 1 meter of horizontal distance).

[0051] The tilted dial 9 (0°-360° circular markings) indicates the azimuth angle of the roof (e.g., 45° represents the roof facing northeast).

[0052] Simultaneous acquisition of two parameters:

[0053] No step-by-step operation is required; the pitch and tilt angles can be read simultaneously with a single placement, eliminating the cumulative error of traditional step-by-step measurements and improving efficiency by 50%.

[0054] Angle locking and data logging

[0055] Locking pendulum axis 6:

[0056] Tighten the locking knob 23 at one end of the pendulum shaft 6. The friction ring 22 is pressed against the inner wall of the bearing seat, and the position of the pendulum shaft 6 is fixed by friction to prevent angle deviation caused by strong wind or slight touch, and to ensure stable reading.

[0057] Record measurement data:

[0058] Read the pointer values ​​of the pitch dial 8 and tilt dial 9, and record the roof slope and orientation parameters (e.g., "pitch angle 25°, tilt angle 180°" means the roof faces south and the slope is 25°).

[0059] Multi-point measurement and device movement

[0060] Change the measurement point:

[0061] Loosen the locking knob 23 and the foot locking bolt 17, move the device to other locations on the roof to be measured (such as key nodes such as the ridge and eaves), repeat steps 1-3 to complete the multi-point parameter verification and ensure the representativeness of the data.

[0062] Anti-slip protection:

[0063] The anti-slip rubber pads 18 at the ends of the support legs have a friction coefficient of 0.8 with the roof surface. Combined with the fitting design of the ball joint, they can withstand wind loads of up to level 8 and prevent the device from slipping during the measurement process.

[0064] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An angle measuring device for roof surveying, characterized in that include: The support mechanism (1) consists of a horizontally set base plate (2), a vertical column (3) fixed at the center of the base plate (2), and three adjustable legs (4) hinged to the bottom of the base plate (2); Angle measuring mechanism (5) includes a pendulum shaft (6) mounted on the top of a column (3) via a bearing seat, a gravity pendulum (7) fixed in the middle of the pendulum shaft (6), and a pitch scale (8) and a tilt scale (9) coaxially mounted on both ends of the pendulum shaft (6). The pitch scale (8) and the tilt scale (9) are parallel to each other and both perpendicular to the axis of the pendulum shaft (6). The height adjustment mechanism (10) consists of a rack (11) fixed to the side wall of the column (3), a spur gear (12) meshing with the rack (11), and an operating handle (13) passing through the center of the gear. The gear is installed in the fixing frame (14) on the side wall of the column (3) through a bearing.

2. The angle measuring device for roof surveying according to claim 1, characterized in that The three adjustable legs (4) are evenly distributed at 120° with the center of the base plate (2). Each leg is composed of an inner sleeve (15) and an outer sleeve (16) nested together, and their relative positions are fixed by locking bolts (17) on the side wall.

3. The angle measuring device for roof surveying according to claim 2, characterized in that The end of the support leg is provided with an anti-slip rubber pad (18).

4. The angle measuring device for roof surveying according to claim 3, characterized in that The bottom of the gravity pendulum (7) is provided with a conical counterweight (19). The two ends of the pendulum shaft (6) are rigidly connected to the pitch scale (8) and the tilt scale (9) through keyways. The surface of the pitch scale (8) is provided with annular angle markings of 0°-90°, and the surface of the tilt scale (9) is provided with annular angle markings of 0°-360°.

5. The angle measuring device for roof surveying according to claim 4, characterized in that The rack (11) of the height adjustment mechanism (10) extends axially along the column (3), the rotation plane of the gear is perpendicular to the base plate (2), and the axis of the operating handle (13) is parallel to the rotation plane of the gear.

6. The angle measuring device for roof surveying according to claim 5, characterized in that Two mutually perpendicular spirit levels (20) are embedded in the base plate (2). The first spirit level (20) extends parallel to the length side of the base plate (2), and the second spirit level (20) extends parallel to the width side of the base plate (2).

7. The angle measuring device for roof surveying according to claim 6, characterized in that, One end of the pendulum shaft (6) is provided with an angle locking assembly (21), which includes a friction ring (22) sleeved on the pendulum shaft (6) and a locking knob (23) threadedly connected to the friction ring (22). When tightened, the friction ring (22) presses against the inner wall of the bearing seat to fix the pendulum shaft (6).

8. The angle measuring device for roof surveying according to claim 7, characterized in that, The adjustable support leg (4) has a ball joint (24) at the bottom of its outer tube (16), and the anti-slip rubber pad (18) is fixed to the bottom of the ball joint (24) by a threaded connection.

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