16-channel high-power switch control board for deep-sea sediment collection

Abstract

The utility model relates to a kind of 16-way high-power switch control panel of deep-sea sediment collection, belong to deep-sea collection equipment technical field.The control panel includes PCB control panel ontology, ontology is integrated with main control unit, 16-way switch drive module, 5 groups pressure acquisition module, power management module, communication module and state monitoring module;Adopt the architecture of "opto-coupler isolation+triode amplification" to realize 16-way 25W solenoid valve synchronous drive, 0-5V pressure signal high-precision acquisition is realized by operational amplifier, power management module adopts wide voltage input, multistage isolated voltage stabilizing and GNDBAT / GNDG double ground design, full-link configuration digital isolation and Subconn waterproof interface.The utility model can work stably in 6000 meters level deep-sea high humidity, high pressure, strong interference environment, solve the problem of insufficient high-power driving capacity, low integration, poor deep-sea adaptability of prior art, greatly improve the reliability and automation level of deep-sea sediment collection equipment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of deep-sea data collection equipment technology, specifically to a 16-channel high-power switch control board for deep-sea sediment collection. Background Technology

[0002] Existing technologies suffer from several technical defects, including insufficient high-power drive capability (mostly adaptable to low-power loads of 8 or fewer channels, making it difficult to meet the synchronous operation requirements of 16 25W solenoid valves, primarily due to insufficient power conversion reserve and a lack of targeted current suppression design), low integration (functions such as pressure acquisition and leakage detection are mostly external modules, resulting in weak anti-interference capabilities due to poor interface compatibility and complex wiring), and poor adaptability to deep-sea environments (lacking dedicated grounding design and waterproof sealing interfaces, making it unable to withstand signal interference and component corrosion under high pressure and high humidity environments). These problems all stem from the fact that existing control boards are not customized for deep-sea sediment collection scenarios, resulting in their inability to meet practical application requirements in terms of power carrying capacity, functional integration, and environmental adaptability. Utility Model Content

[0003] This invention addresses the shortcomings of existing technologies by providing a 16-channel high-power switch control board for deep-sea sediment collection, solving the technical problems of insufficient high-power drive, low integration, poor adaptability to deep-sea environments, and lack of status monitoring.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution:

[0005] A 16-channel high-power switch control board for deep-sea sediment collection includes a control board body, on which a main control unit, a power management module, and a communication module are integrated. The control board body is characterized by further integrating a 16-channel switch drive module, 5 groups of pressure acquisition modules, and a status monitoring module.

[0006] The control board body is a circular PCB board with a diameter of 110mm. It adopts a modular partition layout, centralized power supply and full-link isolation protection design. Each functional module is arranged according to the signal flow direction of power input - core control - load output - parameter acquisition - communication interaction.

[0007] The 16-channel switch driver module is electrically connected to the control signal pin of the main control unit and is used to independently drive 16 channels of 25W solenoid valves.

[0008] The five pressure acquisition modules are electrically connected to the ADC acquisition pin of the main control unit and are used to acquire deep-sea pressure simulation signals.

[0009] The power management module adopts a wide voltage input of 18V-75V, a multi-stage isolation voltage regulator circuit, and a GNDBAT / GNDG dual-grounded copper foil structure.

[0010] The communication module is equipped with digital isolation circuitry and a Subconn waterproof sealed interface;

[0011] The status monitoring module is electrically connected to the main control unit and is used to realize real-time monitoring and local data storage of water leakage, temperature, voltage and current.

[0012] As a further embodiment of this utility model: each of the 16-channel switch driver modules includes an optocoupler isolation chip, a driver transistor, a sampling resistor, a filter capacitor, a 1N5818W freewheeling diode, an LED indicator, and an HX25003-2A solenoid valve interface; the input terminal of the optocoupler isolation chip is electrically connected to the control signal pin of the main control unit, and the output terminal is electrically connected to the base of the transistor; the emitter of the transistor is connected to the negative terminal of the solenoid valve after being connected in series with the sampling resistor, and the collector is connected to the positive terminal of the 24V power supply through the freewheeling diode; the filter capacitor and the freewheeling diode are both connected in parallel across the solenoid valve, and the LED indicator is connected in parallel with the sampling resistor.

[0013] As a further embodiment of this utility model: each of the five pressure acquisition modules includes a three-wire high-pressure transmitter, an MCP6291 operational amplifier, a feedback resistor, a filter capacitor, and a Subconn waterproof interface; the pressure transmitter is externally connected through the Subconn waterproof interface, the signal output terminal is electrically connected to the input terminal of the operational amplifier, and the output terminal of the operational amplifier is electrically connected to the ADC acquisition pin of the main control unit.

[0014] As a further embodiment of this utility model: the power management module includes a power input protection chip, a power management chip, an isolation voltage regulator module, a 24V to 5V voltage regulator circuit, a 5V to 3.3V LDO voltage regulator circuit, a linear optocoupler isolation voltage detection chip, a main power switch MOSFET, and multi-stage filter capacitors; the power input protection chip is located at the power input end, and the output end is connected to the 48V to 24V isolation voltage regulator module and the 24V to 5V voltage regulator circuit respectively. Double-grounded copper foils are arranged on both sides of the power circuit and the signal circuit respectively, and connected by a single-point grounding method.

[0015] As a further embodiment of this utility model: the communication module includes an RS485 interface circuit with a digital isolation chip, an RS232 interface circuit, a Subconn standard 4-pin waterproof interface, an RS485 serial port chip, and an RS232 serial port chip; the RS485 interface circuit is electrically connected to the UART pin of the main control unit through the digital isolation chip, and the RS232 interface circuit is electrically connected to the debugging pin of the main control unit.

[0016] As a further embodiment of this utility model: the status monitoring module includes a water leakage detection sensor interface, a temperature sensor, a current detection chip, an SPIFlash storage chip, an SD card storage unit, and multiple sets of LED status indicator interfaces; the water leakage detection sensor interface, the temperature sensor, and the current detection chip are all electrically connected to the signal acquisition pins of the main control unit, and the SPIFlash storage chip and the SD card storage unit are all electrically connected to the communication pins of the main control unit.

[0017] As a further embodiment of this utility model: the main control unit adopts an STM32F427VGT6 main control chip, its serial communication pins PA9 / PA10 are electrically connected to the communication module, its ADC acquisition pins PA0-PA4 and PB0-PB1 are electrically connected to the current, voltage and pressure acquisition modules respectively, its control pins PE0-PE15 are electrically connected to the 16-channel switch drive module respectively, and its SDIO pins PC8-PC12 are electrically connected to the SD card storage unit.

[0018] As a further aspect of this utility model: the control board body has 4 mounting holes with a hole spacing of 55mm×82mm; the power input interface and the water leakage detection interface adopt 2P-P3.81 connectors; the solenoid valve interface, pressure sensor interface, communication interface, and programming interface all adopt HX25003 series connectors; the underwater external interface adopts Subconn waterproof sealing interface; and the overall protection level of the machine reaches IP68.

[0019] The technical effects and advantages provided by this utility model in the above technical solution are as follows:

[0020] 1. High-power stable drive: Supports synchronous operation of 16 25W solenoid valves, with a total power of 400W and reliable overcurrent protection;

[0021] 2. High adaptability to deep sea: IP68 waterproof, dual grounding, and full-link digital isolation, enabling stable operation in the 6000-meter deep sea;

[0022] 3. High integration: The single board integrates driver, data acquisition, power supply, communication, monitoring and storage, reducing external modules by more than 80%;

[0023] 4. Comprehensive safety protection: Real-time monitoring of water leakage, overpressure, overcurrent, and overheating, with fast response, low failure rate, and traceable data;

[0024] 5. Standardized interface: Subconn waterproof connector and universal serial port protocol, compatible with mainstream deep-sea data collection equipment. Attached Figure Description

[0025] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the top layer of the relay isolation control board for deep-sea sediment collection according to the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the bottom layer of the relay isolation control board for deep-sea sediment collection;

[0028] Figure 3 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the left side of the relay isolation control board used for deep-sea sediment sampling;

[0029] Figure 4 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the right side of the relay isolation control board used for deep-sea sediment collection;

[0030] Figure 5 This is the circuit schematic diagram of this utility model.

[0031] In the diagram: 1-4 channel digital isolation chip, 2-24V to 5V isolation voltage regulator module, 3-Power input protection chip, 4-Leakage detection sensor interface, 5-RS232 interface circuit, 6-RS485 interface circuit, 7-Subconn waterproof interface, 8-Solenoid valve interface × 16, 9-Tare-resistant tantalum capacitor × 16, 10-Sampling resistor, 11-Optical coupler isolation chip, 12-RTC clock expansion board I2C interface, 13-SWD programming interface, 14-Driver transistor, 15-TTL serial port debugging interface, 16-External power supply interface, 17-Battery interface, 18-Current... Detection chip, 19-24V to 5V voltage regulator circuit, 20-5V to 5V isolated voltage regulator module, 21-SPIFlash memory chip, 22-Main control unit, 23-LM339 op-amp comparator chip, 24-Temperature sensor, 25-Operational amplifier, 26-RS485 serial port chip, 27-Dual-channel digital isolation chip, 28-RS232 serial port chip, 29-LED running indicator interface, 30-SD card storage unit, 31-Isolation voltage regulator module, 32-Linear optocoupler isolation voltage detection chip, 33-Main power switch MOSFET, 34-Power management chip. Detailed Implementation

[0032] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0033] It should be noted that the terms "vertical," "horizontal," "up," "down," "left," "right," and similar expressions used in this article are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only possible implementation.

[0034] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains; the terminology used herein in the description of this invention is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the invention; the term "and / or" as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0035] like Figures 1-5 As shown, this utility model provides a 16-channel high-power switch control board for deep-sea sediment sampling. It integrates 16 high-power switch drivers, multi-parameter acquisition, power management, communication transmission, and status monitoring functions into a single control board. The overall design adopts a "modular partitioned layout + centralized power supply + isolation protection" approach. The control board itself is a 110mm diameter PCB board with four mounting holes spaced 55mm × 82mm apart. The functional modules are arranged according to the signal flow direction of "power input - core control - load output - parameter acquisition - communication interaction," ensuring reasonable wiring and strong anti-interference capabilities. All modules are electrically connected via onboard copper foil traces, and filter capacitors and isolation devices are added to critical signal circuits. The power input interface and leakage detection use 2P-P3.81 connectors. The 2P solenoid valve interface, 7P pressure sensor interface, 4P RS485 serial communication interface, 3P RS232 interface, and 4P programming interface all use HX25003 series connectors.

[0036] Technical implementation of each functional module:

[0037] (1) Functional distribution of the minimum system and control pins of the main control unit:

[0038] The STM32F427VGT6 is used as the main control unit. The pinout is as follows:

[0039] Serial communication pins PA9 (transmit), PA10 (receive), PA0 (current detection), PA1 (voltage detection), PA2, PA3, PA4, PB0, PB1 (five pressure sensor pins), PA13 and PA14 (programming pins), and external SPI. The Flash memory chip control pins are MISO (PC2), MOSI (PC3), temperature sensor detection pin (PC5), SD card pins SDIO_D0 (PC8), SDIO_D1 (PC9), SDIO_D2 (PC10), SDIO_D3 (PC11), and SDIO_SCK (PC12). The pins controlling 16 24V solenoid valves are PE1, PE2, PE3, PE4, PE5, PE6, PE7, PE8, PE9, PE10, PE11, PE12, PE13, PE14, PE15, and PE0. Leakage detection uses an unconnected leak sensor (PD10), a normal sensor (PD11), and a leak detected (PD12). The clock expansion board's I2C communication pins are SCL (PB6) and SDA (PB7), the active crystal oscillator input pin is PH0, and the clock crystal oscillator input pin is PC14.

[0040] (2) 16-channel switch driver module:

[0041] 1) Structural components: 16 ZC04-1B-36 type 24V solenoid valves, 16 sets of G3VM-61FR1 type optocoupler isolation chips, 16 FMMT591 type transistors, 16 0.1Ω sampling resistors, 16 22uF / 50V filter capacitors, 16 HX25003-2A connectors, 16 LED indicator lights, and 16 1N5818W diodes.

[0042] 2) Location and Connection: The optocoupler isolation chip is centrally located in the core area of ​​the control board. The input terminal is connected to the control signal pins (VAL1-VAL16) of the main control unit through onboard circuitry, and the output terminal is connected to the base of the transistor. The emitter of the transistor is connected to the negative terminal of the solenoid valve after being connected in series with a sampling resistor, and the collector is connected to the positive terminal of the 24V power supply through a 1N5818W diode. The filter capacitor is connected in parallel across the solenoid valve, and the LED indicator is connected in parallel with the sampling resistor for status indication. The solenoid valve is fixed to the edge output area of ​​the control board through an HX25003-2A connector.

[0043] 3) Component functions: The optocoupler isolation chip realizes electrical isolation between the control signal and the power circuit to avoid interference; the transistor amplifies the drive current to meet the power requirements of the 25W solenoid valve; the sampling resistor detects the solenoid valve circuit current in real time for overcurrent protection; the filter capacitor suppresses current fluctuations and stabilizes the solenoid valve's working status; the LED indicator provides intuitive feedback on the solenoid valve's on / off status; and the diode prevents reverse voltage from damaging the device.

[0044] (3) Five pressure acquisition modules:

[0045] 1) Structural components: 5 three-wire high-pressure transmitters, 5 MCP6291T-E / OT operational amplifiers, 5 sets of 10kΩ feedback resistors, 5 100nF filter capacitors, and Subconn miniature 8-pin interface.

[0046] 2) Location and Connection: The pressure transmitter is externally connected to the edge acquisition area of ​​the control board through the Subconn micro 8-pin interface. Pin 1 (negative) and pin 3 (positive) of the interface are connected in parallel to the positive and negative terminals of the 24V power supply through onboard circuits, respectively. The signal output terminal of the pressure transmitter is connected to the input terminal of the operational amplifier through a circuit. The operational amplifier is externally connected to a feedback resistor and a filter capacitor in parallel. The output terminal is connected to the ADC acquisition pins (PRESS1_ADC-PRESS5_ADC) of the main control unit.

[0047] 3) Component function: The pressure transmitter collects the pore water pressure of deep-sea sediments and outputs a 0-5V analog signal; the operational amplifier amplifies and linearly conditions the weak pressure signal to improve the acquisition accuracy; the feedback resistor sets the amplification factor, and the filter capacitor filters out signal noise; the Subconn miniature 8-pin interface ensures a sealed underwater connection to prevent seawater intrusion.

[0048] (4) Power Management Module:

[0049] 1) Structural components: PDS3100Q-13 power input protection chip to prevent reverse power connection from damaging the equipment; LM5069 power management chip to protect the downstream power module; URB4824YMD-30WR3 18V~75V to 24V 30W isolated power regulator module; 24V to 5V voltage regulator circuit; 5V to 3V3 LDO conversion circuit; GNDBAT and GNDG double grounding copper foil; multiple filter capacitors (100nF, 22uF, 47uF); resistors (10kΩ, 102kΩ, etc.); 4 B2405 24V to 5V isolated voltage regulator modules.

[0050] 2) Location and Connection: The power input protection chip is located at the power input terminal of the control board. The input terminal is connected to the BAT_IN pin (external battery), and the output terminal is connected to the 18~75V to 24V converter and the 18~75V to 5V converter. One output power supply is provided to the 16-channel switch driver module and the isolation chip. The power supply for the solenoid valve is determined by the total input voltage. The 24V to 5V chip output is divided into two paths: one path powers the pressure acquisition module and the communication module, and the other path is connected to the 5V to 3V3 LDO circuit to power the control board system (3V3SYS). All filter capacitors are connected in parallel between each power node and the ground terminal. Double grounding copper foils are arranged on both sides of the onboard power circuit and signal circuit, respectively, and connected through a single-point grounding method.

[0051] 3) Component Functions: The power input protection chip prevents overvoltage and overcurrent damage to subsequent circuits; the 48V to 24V isolated power supply module converts a wide voltage input to the solenoid valve operating voltage, with a 30W power reserve to meet system power needs. The 16 solenoid valves are powered through the main power input; the 24V to 5V chip provides stable power to the low-voltage modules; the LDO circuit further regulates the voltage, outputting a clean 3V3 power supply to ensure the control unit's operation; the dual grounding design isolates power supply interference and signal interference, and the filter capacitor suppresses voltage fluctuations.

[0052] (5) Communication module:

[0053] 1) Structural components: RS485 interface circuit (including digital isolation device), RS232 interface circuit, Subconn standard 4-pin interface, RS485 interface includes three pins A, B, and G.

[0054] 2) Location and Connection: The communication module is located in the communication area at the edge of the control board. The RS485 interface circuit is connected to the UART1_TX and UART1_RX pins of the main control unit through a digital isolation device. The A, B, and G pins of the interface are brought out through the Subconn standard 4-pin interface. The RS232 interface circuit is directly connected to the debugging pin of the main control unit for device debugging. Pin 1 (power supply negative) and pin 4 (power supply positive) of the Subconn standard 4-pin interface are respectively connected to the positive and negative terminals of the onboard 24V power supply for powering external communication devices (if needed).

[0055] 3) Function of the component: The RS485 interface enables data interaction with the pressure transmitter, and the digital isolation design enhances anti-interference capabilities and adapts to the strong interference environment in the deep sea; the RS232 interface is used for equipment debugging and parameter configuration; the Subconn standard 4-pin interface ensures the sealing and reliability of the underwater communication connection.

[0056] (6) Status monitoring module:

[0057] 1) Structural components: Leakage detection board, LEAKA / LEAKB / LEAKC detection pins, temperature sensor, SPIFlash memory chip, and multiple LED status indicator interfaces.

[0058] 2) Location and Connection: The leakage detection board is connected to the monitoring area in the middle of the control board via the LEAKA / LEAKB / LEAKC pins and is connected to the signal input pins of the main control unit; the temperature sensor is integrated near the power module of the control board and communicates with the main control unit via the I2C bus; the SPIFlash memory chip is located at the edge of the control board and is connected to the main control unit via pins such as SPI2_CLK and SPI2_NSS; LED status indicators are distributed in the areas of each functional module and are connected to the signal output terminals of the corresponding modules.

[0059] 3) Component functions: The water leakage detection board monitors the working environment of the control board in real time to see if water has entered and outputs an alarm signal; the temperature sensor collects the internal ambient temperature of the control board for overheat protection; the SD card storage unit records pressure data, temperature data, fault alarm information, etc., to achieve data traceability; the LED indicator lights respectively reflect the power status, communication status, water leakage status, and load working status.

[0060] The working principle is as follows:

[0061] 1. Power Input and Conversion: The external battery is connected to the control board via the BAT_IN pin, and the output voltage is obtained after passing through the PDS3100Q-13 power input protection chip. One 18-72V wide voltage is converted to 24V by a 30W converter to power the 16-channel solenoid valve interface and the Subconn waterproof interface. It should be noted that the input voltage determines the operating voltage of the solenoid valve. The other 24V to 5V is converted to 5V by the TPS5450DDAR chip to power the pressure acquisition module and communication module. The 5V voltage is then converted to 3V3SYS by the LDO circuit to power the main control unit and the status monitoring module. The dual grounding system is established synchronously to ensure stable power supply to each module. In order to detect whether the total voltage is over-voltage or under-voltage, the voltage detection input of the linear optocoupler isolation chip HCNR200 is sent to the ADC pin of the main control unit to detect the digital value, and the actual input voltage is obtained after conversion.

[0062] 2. Load Drive Control: The main control unit connects to a host computer with Modbus protocol via a preset program or RS485 / RS232 interface. The host computer can independently output control signals to the 16-channel switch drive module. After the control signal is isolated by the optocoupler isolation chip, it drives the transistor to conduct. The 24V power supply flows into the solenoid valve through the transistor and the sampling resistor. When the solenoid valve is energized, the corresponding LED indicator lights up. The sampling resistor collects the loop current in real time and feeds it back to the main control unit. If the current exceeds the threshold, the main control unit immediately cuts off the control signal to achieve overcurrent protection.

[0063] 3. Parameter Acquisition and Processing: Five pressure transmitters start under 24V power supply. The 0-5V analog signal output by the pressure sensor is used to detect the internal seawater pressure of the sampling pressure tank. After the signal is amplified by the operational amplifier and the noise is filtered out by the filter capacitor, it is transmitted to the main control unit through the ADC acquisition pin. Then, the correlation coefficient is calculated by measuring the actual pressure data, so as to realize the reading of the actual pressure value. The temperature sensor simultaneously collects the ambient temperature data and outputs an analog signal to the ADC pin for acquisition and transmission to the main control unit. After the main control unit performs analog-to-digital conversion and calibration processing on the pressure and temperature data, it stores them to the SD card or external SPI FLASH.

[0064] 4. Status Monitoring and Feedback: The leakage detection board continuously monitors the ambient humidity. If a leak (short circuit signal) is detected, it immediately sends a leakage alarm signal to the main control unit via the LEAKA / LEAKB / LEAKC pins. Upon receiving the alarm signal, the main control unit immediately stops the output control of all solenoid valves and simultaneously sends an alarm command to the host computer via the RS485 interface. The working status of each module is fed back in real time through corresponding LED indicators, facilitating on-site inspection and allowing the ROV to observe its operating status via a camera in the deep sea.

[0065] Communication and interaction: The host computer communicates with the main control unit via the Modbus protocol and RS485 interface through the onboard serial port chip MAX13487 and digital isolation ADUM1201. The reserved RS232 interface can also communicate with the main control unit through the ADM101EARMZ serial port chip.

[0066] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that this invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that it can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of this invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered exemplary and non-limiting in all respects, and the scope of this invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, it is intended that all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims be included within this invention.

[0067] Furthermore, it should be understood that although this specification describes embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution. This way of describing the specification is only for clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment have been appropriately combined to form other embodiments that are easy for those skilled in the art to understand.

Claims

1. A 16-channel high-power switch control board for deep-sea sediment collection, comprising a control board body, wherein the control board body integrates a main control unit (22), a power management module, and a communication module, characterized in that, The control board also integrates a 16-channel switch driver module, 5 pressure acquisition modules, and a status monitoring module. The control board body is a circular PCB board with a diameter of 110mm. It adopts a modular partition layout, centralized power supply and full-link isolation protection design. Each functional module is arranged according to the signal flow direction of power input - core control - load output - parameter acquisition - communication interaction. The 16-channel switch driver module is electrically connected to the control signal pin of the main control unit (22) and is used to independently drive 16 channels of 25W solenoid valves; The five pressure acquisition modules are electrically connected to the ADC acquisition pin of the main control unit (22) for acquiring deep-sea pressure simulation signals; The power management module adopts a wide voltage input of 18V-75V, a multi-stage isolation voltage regulator circuit, and a GNDBAT / GNDG dual-grounded copper foil structure. The communication module is equipped with digital isolation circuitry and a Subconn waterproof sealed interface; The status monitoring module is electrically connected to the main control unit (22) and is used to realize real-time monitoring and local data storage of water leakage, temperature, voltage and current; The communication module includes an RS485 interface circuit (6) with a digital isolation chip, an RS232 interface circuit (5), a Subconn standard 4-pin waterproof interface, an RS485 serial port chip (26), and an RS232 serial port chip (28); the RS485 interface circuit (6) is electrically connected to the UART pin of the main control unit (22) through the digital isolation chip, and the RS232 interface circuit (5) is electrically connected to the debugging pin of the main control unit (22); The main control unit (22) adopts the STM32F427VGT6 main control chip. Its serial communication pins PA9 / PA10 are electrically connected to the communication module, the ADC acquisition pins PA0-PA4 and PB0-PB1 are electrically connected to the current, voltage and pressure acquisition modules respectively, the control pins PE0-PE15 are electrically connected to the 16-channel switch drive module respectively, and the SDIO pins PC8-PC12 are electrically connected to the SD card storage unit (30).

2. The control board according to claim 1, characterized in that, Each of the 16-channel switch driver modules includes an optocoupler isolation chip (11), a driver transistor (14), a sampling resistor (10), a filter capacitor (9), a freewheeling diode, an LED indicator, and a solenoid valve interface (8). The input terminal of the optocoupler isolation chip (11) is electrically connected to the control signal pin of the main control unit (22), and the output terminal is electrically connected to the base of the transistor (14). The emitter of the transistor (14) is connected to the negative terminal of the solenoid valve after being connected in series with the sampling resistor (10), and the collector is connected to the positive terminal of the 24V power supply through the freewheeling diode. The filter capacitor (9) and the freewheeling diode are both connected in parallel across the two ends of the solenoid valve, and the LED indicator is connected in parallel with the sampling resistor (10).

3. The control board according to claim 1, characterized in that, Each of the five pressure acquisition modules includes a three-wire high-pressure transmitter, an operational amplifier (25), a feedback resistor, a filter capacitor, and a Subconn waterproof interface (7). The pressure transmitter is externally connected through the Subconn waterproof interface (7), and its signal output terminal is electrically connected to the input terminal of the operational amplifier (25). The output terminal of the operational amplifier (25) is electrically connected to the ADC acquisition pin of the main control unit (22).

4. The control board according to claim 1, characterized in that, The power management module includes a power input protection chip (3), a power management chip (34), an isolation voltage regulator module (31), a 24V to 5V voltage regulator circuit (19), a 5V to 3.3V LDO voltage regulator circuit, a linear optocoupler isolation voltage detection chip (32), a main power switch MOSFET (33), and multi-stage filter capacitors. The power input protection chip (3) is located at the power input end, and the output end is connected to the 48V to 24V isolation voltage regulator module (31) and the 24V to 5V voltage regulator circuit (19), respectively. Double grounded copper foils are arranged on both sides of the power circuit and the signal circuit, and connected by a single-point grounding method.

5. The control board according to claim 1, characterized in that, The status monitoring module includes a water leakage detection sensor interface (4), a temperature sensor (24), a current detection chip (18), a SPI Flash memory chip (21), an SD card storage unit (30), and multiple LED status indicator interfaces (29). The water leakage detection sensor interface (4), the temperature sensor (24), and the current detection chip (18) are all electrically connected to the signal acquisition pins of the main control unit (22), and the SPI Flash memory chip (21) and the SD card storage unit (30) are all electrically connected to the communication pins of the main control unit (22).

6. The control board according to claim 1, characterized in that, The control board body has 4 mounting holes with a hole spacing of 55mm×82mm; the power input interface and the water leakage detection interface adopt 2P-P3.81 connectors; the solenoid valve interface (8), pressure sensor interface, communication interface and programming interface all adopt HX25003 series connectors; the underwater external interface adopts Subconn waterproof sealing interface; the whole machine protection level reaches IP68.

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