A self-gravity dry magnetic separation shaking table

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of self-gravity dry-type magnetic separation shaking table, the shaking table includes shaking table bed surface;The tailings receiving hopper and concentrate receiving hopper are sequentially provided below the shaking table bed surface, the lower surface of the shaking table bed surface is provided with concentrate baffle on concentrate receiving hopper side, and concentrate baffle is fixedly connected with the bottom of shaking table bed surface;The upper portion of the shaking table bed surface is provided with magnetic field generating device, and the magnetic field generating device is arranged on magnetic force device support frame, and the upper portion of bed surface is the movement area of magnetic field generating device;The shaking table bed surface is relatively stationary, and the magnetic field generating device is relatively reciprocated but as a whole moves forward.The utility model combines magnetic separation and gravity separation, strengthens dry separation of magnetic material and non-magnetic material, solves the problem of water shortage in western region and even desert area, and obtains concentrate product with primary property.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of mineral processing technology, specifically relating to a gravity-driven dry magnetic separation shaking table. Background Technology

[0002] In the Earth's crust, various minerals coexist closely, forming dense aggregates. Similarly, smelting slag and solid waste contain a mixture of materials with different properties. Because these minerals / materials have different uses, mineral processing methods are needed to separate them. Gravity separation, magnetic separation, and flotation are the most common mineral processing methods, utilizing differences in density, magnetism, and surface wettability of the target minerals. However, these methods are not suitable for certain specific separation situations. For example, flotation and traditional wet magnetic separation consume large amounts of water and pollute the water, limiting their application in arid and water-scarce western regions and even desert areas. Another example is the laboratory preparation of high-purity nickel pyrite. Natural nickel pyrite has low purity and contains large amounts of chalcopyrite and pyrrhotite; therefore, nickel pyrite must be separated from chalcopyrite and pyrrhotite. Traditional flotation methods can separate chalcopyrite and even pyrrhotite. However, flotation is carried out in an aqueous medium, and pyrrhotite is highly susceptible to oxidation and dissolution when exposed to water, altering its original surface properties. Furthermore, residual flotation reagents can also affect the surface properties of pyrrhotite, ultimately making it difficult for the purified pyrrhotite to meet application performance requirements.

[0003] Magnetic separation is a feasible method for removing pyrrhotite or chalcopyrite, but wet magnetic separation also faces the problems encountered in flotation. In dry magnetic separation, especially when using magnetic drums, the material layer is thick and relatively stationary against the drum surface, making it difficult to solve the problem of entrainment. This allows some non-magnetic materials to enter the magnetic separation process, ultimately affecting the concentrate grade. Therefore, existing mineral processing technologies are insufficient to meet specific mineral processing requirements. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the shortcomings of the existing technology, the purpose of this utility model is to provide a gravity-driven dry magnetic separation shaker to solve the above-mentioned technical problems.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution:

[0006] This utility model provides a gravity-driven dry magnetic separation shaker, including a shaker bed surface;

[0007] Below the shaking table surface, there are tailings receiving funnels and concentrate receiving funnels in sequence. On the lower surface of the shaking table surface, near the concentrate receiving funnel, there is a concentrate baffle, which is fixedly connected to the bottom of the shaking table surface.

[0008] A magnetic field generating device is provided above the surface of the shaking table. The magnetic field generating device is mounted on a magnetic device support frame, and the area above the table is the moving area of ​​the magnetic field generating device. The surface of the shaking table is relatively stationary, while the magnetic field generating device performs reciprocating motion.

[0009] The lower surface of the rocking table is provided with bed strips of different heights and installed in parallel, and the direction of movement of the magnetic field generating device is perpendicular to the installation direction of the bed strips.

[0010] As a further improvement to the above solution, the area below the shaking table surface is a gravity-magnetic-weight separation area;

[0011] In the feeding zone, the height of the bed bars is relatively small; in the concentrate zone, the height of the bed bars is relatively large, with the height of the bed bars gradually increasing from small to large.

[0012] When the bed bar height is higher, the tumbling phenomenon of the material layer as it tumbles over the bed bars is more significant; when the bed bar height is lower, the tumbling phenomenon is weaker. The bed bar distribution generally follows a principle of gradually increasing from low to high, thus increasing the concentrate grade. The height of the bed bars on the shaking table surface is adjusted according to the mineral raw materials and beneficiation parameters.

[0013] In one specific embodiment, the height of the bed slats is adjustable, ranging from 0.5mm to 20mm.

[0014] As a further improvement to the above scheme, the shaking table surface has an angle θ with the horizontal direction, where 0° < θ < 30°. The tilt angle between the shaking table surface and the horizontal plane is θ, which increases the degree of tumbling of the material during the upward process under the action of gravity. This is beneficial to further enhance the separation of non-magnetic materials and prevent the premature falling of magnetic materials, thereby ensuring the recovery rate of magnetic materials.

[0015] As a further improvement to the above scheme, the shaking table surface is supported by several supports.

[0016] As a further improvement to the above solution, a mobile feeder is provided on one side of the support.

[0017] As a further improvement to the above scheme, a middlings receiving funnel is provided between the tailings receiving funnel and the concentrate receiving funnel.

[0018] As a further improvement to the above solution, the magnetic field generating device is a permanent magnet or an electromagnet, and the magnetic field strength can be adjusted to meet the requirements of weak magnetic field to strong magnetic field.

[0019] As a further improvement to the above solution, the magnetic device support frame is provided with a slide rail, and the magnetic field generating device can reciprocate along the slide rail.

[0020] As a further improvement to the above solution, a driving device is provided on the side of the shaking table, and the driving device is connected to the magnetic field generating device.

[0021] As a further improvement to the above scheme, the lower surface of the shaking table is fitted with a tailings baffle on the side of the tailings receiving hopper.

[0022] The asymmetric stroke motion characteristics of the magnetic field generator are another key factor determining the separation index. A higher stroke rate results in a faster magnetic field generator, which in turn causes the material to move faster across the shaking table surface. This leads to more intense collisions and tumbling of the material over the bed bars, making it easier for non-magnetic or weakly magnetic materials to fall off and become tailings. Only strongly magnetic mineral particles remain adsorbed on the shaking table surface, ultimately becoming high-grade concentrate. Furthermore, under high stroke conditions, the relative velocity difference between the magnetic field generator and the material is larger, resulting in a greater distance between the material layer and the magnetic field generator. This reduces the magnetic force on the material, further promoting the settling of non-magnetic and weakly magnetic materials. Additionally, a larger forward stroke and a smaller backward stroke of the magnetic field generator result in a faster overall forward trend for both the magnetic field generator and the material. This shortens the separation time on the shaking table surface, making it easier to carry weakly and moderately magnetic particles into the concentrate, thus ensuring a higher magnetic separation recovery rate.

[0023] This utility model discloses a gravity-driven dry magnetic separation shaking table to enhance the separation effect of dry magnetic separation and overcome the dependence of mineral processing on water in western and other water-scarce regions. It also enables waterless mineral processing in special mineral processing conditions such as the preparation of high-purity nickel pyrite, thereby obtaining high-quality materials that retain their original surface properties, thus achieving comprehensive and efficient development and utilization of resources. This equipment fully utilizes the differences in magnetic properties of different materials, replacing the washing water in traditional water-medium shaking tables with a gravity field to separate magnetic and non-magnetic materials. Simultaneously, raised bed bars replace the grooves of traditional shaking tables, achieving material layer tumbling, thereby gradually exposing and separating the mixed non-magnetic materials. The separation is controlled by adjusting the asymmetric stroke motion of the magnetic field generator, regulating the stroke and frequency characteristics, and adjusting the relative magnitude of the magnetic attraction force and gravity on the magnetic materials by adjusting the strength of the magnetic field generator, thereby adjusting the separation effect. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 This is a front view of a gravity-driven dry magnetic separator shaker.

[0025] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a gravity-driven dry magnetic separator.

[0026] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram showing the angle of inclination between the surface of the shaking table and the horizontal plane.

[0027] Wherein, 1-shaking table surface; 101-feeding area; 102-concentrate area; 2-tailings baffle; 3-tailings receiving funnel; 4-mid-ore hopper; 5-concentrate receiving funnel; 6-concentrate baffle; 7-magnetic field generator; 8-magnetic device support frame; 9-slide rail; 10-bed bar; 11-support; 12-mobile feeder (not shown); 1201-feeding hopper; 13-drive device. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this utility model, not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this utility model without creative effort are within the protection scope of this utility model.

[0029] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments: Example

[0030] Reference Appendix Figures 1-3 A gravity-driven dry magnetic separation shaker includes a shaker bed surface 1;

[0031] Below the shaking table surface 1, there are tailings receiving hopper 3 and concentrate receiving hopper 5 in sequence. On the lower surface of the shaking table surface 1, near the concentrate receiving hopper 5, there is a concentrate baffle 6. The concentrate baffle 6 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the shaking table surface 1.

[0032] A magnetic field generating device 7 is provided above the rocking bed surface 1. The magnetic field generating device 7 is set on the magnetic force device support frame 8. The area above the bed surface is the moving area of ​​the magnetic field generating device. The rocking bed surface 1 is relatively stationary, while the magnetic field generating device 7 moves relatively back and forth but forward as a whole.

[0033] The lower surface of the rocking bed is provided with bed strips 10 of different heights and installed in parallel. The direction of movement of the magnetic field generating device 7 is perpendicular to the installation direction of the bed strips 10.

[0034] In some preferred embodiments, the area below the shaking table surface 1 is a gravity-magnetic-gravity separation region;

[0035] In the feeding zone 101, the height of the bed bars 10 is relatively small; in the concentrate zone 102, the height of the bed bars 10 is relatively large, with the height of the bed bars gradually increasing from small to large.

[0036] In some preferred embodiments, the shaking table surface 1 has an angle θ with the horizontal direction, where 0° < θ < 30°.

[0037] In some preferred embodiments, the shaking table surface 1 is supported by a plurality of supports 11.

[0038] In some preferred embodiments, a mobile feeder 12 is provided on one side of the support 5.

[0039] In some preferred embodiments, a middlings receiving funnel 4 is provided between the tailings receiving funnel 3 and the concentrate receiving funnel 5.

[0040] In some preferred embodiments, the magnetic field generating device 7 is a permanent magnet or an electromagnet, and the magnetic field strength can be adjusted to meet the requirements of weak magnetic field to strong magnetic field.

[0041] In some preferred embodiments, the magnetic device support frame 8 is provided with a slide rail 9, and the magnetic field generating device 7 can reciprocate along the slide rail 9.

[0042] In some preferred embodiments, a drive device 13 is provided on the side of the shaking table 1, and the drive device 13 is connected to the magnetic field generating device 7 for transmission.

[0043] The working principle of this utility model includes:

[0044] (1) Transfer the mixture of magnetic and non-magnetic minerals to the feed hopper of the mobile feeder, and move the feed hopper to the feeding area of ​​the shaking table and make it parallel and close to the shaking table surface;

[0045] (2) The initial position of the magnetic field generating device above the shaking table is above the feeding area. It will generate a local magnetic field and adsorb the material below the shaking table and in the feeding hopper onto the shaking table.

[0046] (3) The magnetic field generating device moves along the slide rail from the feeding area to the concentrate area. Its movement is characterized by back-and-forth reciprocating motion, but the forward stroke is greater than the backward stroke, so the whole moves forward (asymmetric stroke). During the movement of the magnetic field generating device relative to the shaking table surface, the magnetic field of the shaking table surface changes. Magnetic minerals will move with the movement of the magnetic field generating device, while non-magnetic minerals will fall directly into the tailings receiving funnel due to gravity.

[0047] (4) During the movement of magnetic materials with the magnetic field generating device, some non-magnetic materials will be trapped in the bed. The function of the bed strips is to form protrusions and depressions on the surface of the shaking table, so that the materials will "roll" during the movement and release the non-magnetic materials at the bottom of the material (close to the surface of the shaking table). The non-magnetic materials will fall off the surface of the shaking table under the action of gravity, thereby achieving the purpose of gradually separating the magnetic materials from the non-magnetic materials.

[0048] (5) The magnetic material eventually accumulates at the concentrate baffle, while the magnetic field generating device continues to move forward and gradually moves away from the concentrate baffle. At the same time, the magnetic field strength of the concentrate baffle gradually weakens, and the magnetic minerals fall into the concentrate receiving funnel under the action of gravity. Example

[0049] When processing iron-nickel co-existing ores containing pyrrhotite or other magnetic-nonmagnetic mixtures, flotation or wet magnetic separation is typically chosen for high-precision separation. However, in arid and water-scarce regions, where water resources are particularly precious, the demand for dry separation is especially prominent. Traditional dry magnetic separation, lacking water as a dispersion and separation medium, exhibits significant agglomeration and inclusion phenomena, resulting in separation accuracy and efficiency far lower than wet magnetic separation. Furthermore, in some cases, the addition of water or chemical agents can alter the original surface properties of the material, affecting its subsequent properties and applications. Overall, there remains a significant demand and enormous market potential for high-precision dry separation in the field of material sorting.

[0050] This invention recognizes the urgency and importance of the aforementioned problems and proposes a solution that utilizes a combined force field of magnetic and gravitational fields to separate magnetic and non-magnetic materials. Furthermore, by employing an asymmetric stroke motion of the magnetic field generator and a special design for the height of the shaking table's slats, the material layer is tumbled and moved, exposing entrained non-magnetic materials to enhance separation. Ultimately, magnetic and non-magnetic materials can be efficiently separated under anhydrous conditions while maintaining good original surface properties.

[0051] The test sample was nickel pyrrhotite purchased from Guangxi, with Ni, Fe, S and Cu grades of 2.58%, 14.46%, 7.60% and 1.83%, respectively. The mineral composition was nickel pyrrhotite, pyrrhotite, chalcopyrite and quartz.

[0052] Dry crushing and screening methods were used to obtain qualified materials with 80% of the material being -200 mesh. Then, the self-gravity dry magnetic separation shaking table described in this utility model was used for separation. The magnetic field strength was adjusted to 0.5T, the stroke to 6cm / s, the stroke rate to 10c / min, the bed surface inclination angle to 30°, and the strip height to 1mm~20mm. Finally, a concentrate product with a Ni grade of 23.65% and a recovery rate of 60.41% and a tailings product with a Ni grade of 1.09% and a recovery rate of 39.59% were obtained.

[0053] The beneficial effects of this utility model's technical solution are:

[0054] (1) In traditional water-medium shaking tables, the upward-facing surface of the shaking table is the working surface. Flushing water provides a force for the material to move laterally on the shaking table surface, and grooves on the shaking table surface are used to achieve tumbling, loosening the material, reducing entrainment, and separating magnetic and non-magnetic materials. In this invention, the downward-facing surface of the shaking table is the working surface, and a composite force field composed of magnetic force and gravity is innovatively used to separate magnetic and non-magnetic materials, thus eliminating the need for water and achieving dry separation. Magnetic materials experience an upward magnetic force greater than a downward gravitational force, and remain adsorbed on the shaking table surface, becoming concentrate products. Non-magnetic materials experience an upward magnetic force less than a downward gravitational force, detaching from the shaking table surface and falling as tailings products.

[0055] (2) Compared with traditional dry magnetic separation, in the gravity dry magnetic separation shaking table of this utility model, the magnetic field generating device will make asymmetrical stroke motion, which will drive the material to reciprocate on the shaking table surface equipped with bed strips of different heights, and collide with and flip over the shaking table surface, thereby exposing the magnetic material entrained in the material layer, and quickly detaching from the separation shaking table surface under the action of gravity, thereby improving the separation accuracy.

[0056] (3) Since there is no water medium and no chemical reagents, the gravity dry magnetic separation shaker of this utility model can maintain the original surface properties when it is used to separate special materials, and can purify and obtain qualified products with high quality and the original surface properties.

[0057] (4) The gravity-driven dry magnetic separator of this invention can make full use of the combined force field formed by the magnetic field and gravity field to enhance the separation efficiency of magnetic materials and non-magnetic materials.

[0058] The above content is only a specific implementation example of this utility model, and not all application examples of this utility model. All schemes that are based on the technical concept of this utility model or that are modified based on the technical concept of this utility model are within the protection scope of the claims of this utility model.

Claims

1. A self-gravity dry magnetic separation table, comprising a table bed (1), characterized in that: a tailings receiving hopper (3) and a concentrate receiving hopper (5) are sequentially arranged below the table bed (1), and a concentrate baffle (6) is arranged on the lower surface of the table bed (1) near the concentrate receiving hopper (5), and the concentrate baffle (6) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the table bed (1); a magnetic field generating device (7) is arranged above the table bed (1), the magnetic field generating device (7) is arranged on a magnetic device support frame (8), and the area above the table bed is a magnetic field generating device movement area; the table bed (1) is relatively static, and the magnetic field generating device (7) reciprocates; the lower surface of the table bed is provided with bed strips (10) of different heights and parallel installation, and the movement direction of the magnetic field generating device (7) is perpendicular to the installation direction of the bed strips (10). The area below the table bed (1) is a self-gravity magnetic-gravity separation area.

2. The self-gravity dry magnetic separation table according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the feeding area (101), the height of the bed strips (10) is small; in the concentrate area (102), the height of the bed strips (10) is large, and the bed strip height gradually increases from small to large. The table bed (1) is supported by a plurality of supports (11).

3. The self-gravity dry magnetic separation table according to claim 1, characterized in that: One side of the support (11) is provided with a movable feeder (12).

4. The self-gravity dry magnetic separation table according to claim 3, characterized in that: The magnetic device support frame (8) is provided with a sliding rail (9), and the magnetic field generating device (7) can reciprocate along the sliding rail (9).

5. The self-gravity dry magnetic separation table according to claim 1, characterized in that, The side surface of the table bed (1) is provided with a driving device (13), and the driving device (13) is in transmission connection with the magnetic field generating device (7).

6. The self-gravity dry magnetic separation table according to claim 5, characterized in that, ​

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