An intelligent dehumidification control device for condensation prevention of high-voltage electrical equipment

Abstract

The utility model relates to a kind of high-voltage electrical equipment anti-condensation intelligent dehumidification control device, comprising: temperature and humidity signal detection circuit, temperature and humidity signal detection circuit is used to monitor high-voltage electrical equipment internal temperature and humidity;Partial discharge signal detection circuit, partial discharge signal detection circuit is used to collect high-voltage electrical equipment insulation state partial discharge signal;Condensation dehumidification control circuit, condensation dehumidification control circuit is used to the semiconductor condensation dehumidification start-stop control;Main control circuit, main control circuit is connected in the temperature and humidity signal detection circuit, partial discharge signal detection circuit and condensation dehumidification control circuit.By partial discharge signal detection circuit monitoring the partial discharge signal in high-voltage electrical equipment, the dehumidification effect of humidity monitoring can be fed back and verified, guarantee the dehumidification effect in high-voltage electrical equipment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of intelligent monitoring technology for electrical equipment, specifically to an intelligent dehumidification control device for high-voltage electrical equipment to prevent condensation. Background Technology

[0002] High-voltage electrical equipment is a core component of the power grid, undertaking key functions in power transmission, distribution, control, and protection. Its role directly affects the safety, stability, reliability, and economy of the power grid. Therefore, real-time monitoring of the operating status of high-voltage electrical equipment is of great significance, enabling timely detection of abnormal operating conditions, proactive maintenance, improved operational reliability, reduced economic losses from power outages caused by faults, and enhanced power supply reliability.

[0003] Condensation in high-voltage electrical equipment, such as high-voltage switchgear, can lead to increased humidity inside the cabinet. This can cause a decline in the performance of insulation materials, corrosion of metal components, or electrical short circuits. In severe cases, it can even cause arcing, resulting in equipment damage or fire. A humid environment can also cause various monitoring and protection sensors, relays, and other components within the high-voltage electrical equipment to malfunction, leading to false alarms or unplanned shutdowns in the power system. Prolonged exposure to humidity accelerates the oxidation and corrosion of metal components (such as terminals and busbars) and the aging of insulation materials (such as cables and circuit boards), reducing equipment lifespan.

[0004] Currently, dehumidification methods for preventing condensation in electrical equipment are mainly divided into two categories: active dehumidification and passive dehumidification. These methods are combined with intelligent monitoring and control technologies to improve dehumidification efficiency and reliability.

[0005] Firstly, there's semiconductor condensation dehumidification. This method utilizes a semiconductor cooling chip (Peltier effect) to create a low-temperature surface, causing water vapor in the air to condense into liquid water, which is then discharged outside the cabinet through a drain pipe. Using a semiconductor cooling chip as the core component eliminates the need for compressors, refrigerants, and other easily damaged parts, resulting in a simple structure, long lifespan, low power consumption, and energy efficiency. Traditional heating dehumidification can lead to excessively high temperatures inside the cabinet, accelerating the aging of insulation materials, while semiconductor dehumidification only lowers the local temperature without affecting the overall temperature rise. Semiconductor condensation dehumidification is suitable for small, enclosed electrical equipment, offering advantages such as low power consumption, no noise, and long lifespan.

[0006] Secondly, there is hot air circulation dehumidification. Hot air circulation dehumidification technology is an active dehumidification method widely used in electrical equipment for moisture prevention and condensation prevention. Its core principle is to reduce relative humidity by heating the air. Hot air is generated by a hot air blower or PTC heating element to increase the temperature inside the cabinet, reduce relative humidity, and prevent condensation. This technology is characterized by its simple structure, low cost, and strong adaptability.

[0007] Thirdly, it features vector-based airflow humidity control (intelligent ventilation), combining external air intake (dry external air) and internal circulation ducts. A multi-fan matrix layout enables airflow at any angle from 0-360°, dynamically adjusting the temperature and humidity inside the cabinet. High-efficiency dehumidification is achieved through precise control of airflow direction, speed, and temperature.

[0008] Fourthly, there are desiccant materials (such as silica gel). Dehumidification technology using desiccant materials is a passive dehumidification method based on the principle of physical adsorption. It achieves humidity control by selectively adsorbing water molecules in the air through porous solid materials, thereby reducing the humidity inside the cabinet through physical adsorption.

[0009] Currently, most intelligent dehumidification systems for power equipment use heated air to reduce relative humidity. This is achieved by generating hot air through a hot air blower or PTC heating element to raise the internal temperature of the cabinet, thereby reducing relative humidity and preventing condensation. However, hot air circulation and compression dehumidification methods are energy-intensive, have poor long-term economic efficiency, and may accelerate equipment aging due to continuous heating. In fully enclosed high-voltage cabinets (such as GIS), poor air circulation and a diurnal temperature difference exceeding 10°C result in a significant "breathing effect," allowing external moisture to repeatedly penetrate. Existing passive dehumidification materials (such as silica gel) struggle to continuously absorb this moisture. Traditional systems rely on a single threshold, such as a fixed humidity threshold (e.g., starting at RH > 60%), which cannot dynamically adapt to seasonal or diurnal temperature and humidity changes, easily leading to over-dehumidification or response lag, resulting in poor efficiency. Furthermore, they cannot effectively eliminate insulation hazards in electrical equipment in a timely manner.

[0010] Intelligent dehumidification technology for preventing condensation in power equipment is a key measure to ensure the safe and stable operation of the power system. With the development of smart grid, Internet of Things (IoT) and Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies, anti-condensation dehumidification technology has shifted from traditional passive dehumidification to active intelligent control.

[0011] Existing condensation dehumidification methods mainly have the following problems:

[0012] Defect 1:

[0013] Currently, dehumidification for power equipment mainly relies on the installation of humidity sensors to monitor humidity in real time. When the humidity exceeds a set threshold, an alarm signal or control of the dehumidification system is activated to initiate dehumidification. The insulating surfaces of power equipment typically absorb dust, salt, and chemical contaminants. Condensation dissolves these contaminants, forming a conductive electrolyte that significantly reduces surface resistance, increasing leakage current and leading to partial discharge. This can cause phase-to-phase or phase-to-ground flashovers, resulting in severe short-circuit accidents. This is one of the most common condensation-induced faults in power systems. Currently, dehumidification devices lack detection capabilities for partial discharge, and relying solely on humidity detection cannot provide feedback verification of the dehumidification effect.

[0014] Defect 2:

[0015] Currently, the main dehumidification principle for power equipment is semiconductor condensation. This involves creating localized condensation conditions to cause humid air inside the cabinet to condense into water droplets. These droplets then flow down the surface of the condenser fins, are collected in a water collection tank, and drained outside the equipment through a water pipe. However, the water collection tank is small and prone to clogging due to dust and debris accumulation. If a blockage occurs, overflowing water can easily cause a short circuit. Current practices primarily involve installing filter screens, without monitoring the water accumulation status or addressing potential malfunctions.

[0016] Defect 3:

[0017] Due to their enclosed metal structure, electrical equipment exposed to condensation for extended periods can experience slow decomposition of high-voltage insulation materials due to overheating, aging, or corona discharge. This continuous temperature rise can ignite open flames or generate massive fault arcs, potentially leading to equipment explosions. During insulation faults, trace amounts of gas and smoke particles are released. Currently, anti-condensation dehumidification systems do not detect these smoke particles, failing to provide early warnings, interventions, and proactive maintenance alerts regarding the safety status of electrical equipment. Utility Model Content

[0018] In view of the above problems, this application provides an intelligent dehumidification control device for high-voltage electrical equipment to prevent condensation, which solves the problem that existing dehumidification devices for electrical equipment lack monitoring of partial discharge status and cannot verify the dehumidification effect by relying solely on humidity monitoring.

[0019] To achieve the above objectives, the inventors provide an intelligent dehumidification control device for high-voltage electrical equipment to prevent condensation, comprising:

[0020] A temperature and humidity signal detection circuit, used to monitor the internal temperature and humidity of high-voltage electrical equipment;

[0021] A partial discharge signal detection circuit, which is used to collect partial discharge signals of the insulation state of high-voltage electrical equipment;

[0022] A condensation dehumidification control circuit, wherein the condensation dehumidification control circuit is used to control the start and stop of semiconductor condensation dehumidification;

[0023] The main control circuit is connected to the temperature and humidity signal detection circuit, the partial discharge signal detection circuit, and the condensation dehumidification control circuit.

[0024] A power supply circuit is provided, which is connected to a temperature and humidity signal detection circuit, a partial discharge signal detection circuit, a condensation dehumidification control circuit, and a main control circuit.

[0025] In some embodiments, it also includes:

[0026] A smoke signal detection circuit is connected to the main control circuit and is used to detect smoke particles inside electrical equipment.

[0027] A smoke alarm linkage signal circuit, wherein the smoke alarm linkage signal is connected to the main control circuit.

[0028] In some embodiments, it also includes:

[0029] A water level signal detection circuit is connected to the main control circuit. The water level signal detection circuit is used to detect the blockage status of the water tank in the high-voltage electrical equipment anti-condensation intelligent dehumidification control device.

[0030] A water tank unblocking electromagnet control circuit is provided, which is connected to the main control circuit and is used to control the operation of the water tank unblocking electromagnet.

[0031] In some embodiments, it also includes:

[0032] A semiconductor cooling chip power detection circuit is connected to the main control circuit and is used to monitor the operating status of semiconductor condensation dehumidification.

[0033] In some embodiments, it also includes:

[0034] A parameter setting signal detection circuit is connected to the main control circuit and is used to set the parameters for semiconductor anti-condensation dehumidification.

[0035] In some embodiments, it also includes:

[0036] A cooling fan control circuit is connected to the main control circuit and is used to control the start-up of the cooling fan in the electrical equipment.

[0037] In some embodiments, it also includes:

[0038] A working status indicator circuit is connected to the main control circuit.

[0039] In some embodiments, it also includes:

[0040] A data remote transmission communication circuit is connected to the main control circuit.

[0041] Unlike existing technologies, the above-mentioned technical solution provides power to circuits such as the temperature and humidity signal detection circuit, partial discharge signal detection circuit, condensation dehumidification control circuit, and main control circuit via a power supply circuit. The temperature and humidity signal detection circuit detects the temperature and humidity inside the high-voltage electrical equipment. When the temperature and humidity inside the high-voltage electrical equipment exceed the threshold detected by the temperature and humidity signal detection circuit, the main control circuit activates the semiconductor condensation dehumidification function. Simultaneously, the partial discharge signal detection circuit continuously monitors the partial discharge signal inside the high-voltage electrical equipment. When the temperature and humidity inside the high-voltage electrical equipment reach the standard and no partial discharge signal is detected, the main control circuit stops the semiconductor condensation dehumidification function through the condensation dehumidification control circuit. Monitoring the partial discharge signal inside the high-voltage electrical equipment via the partial discharge signal detection circuit allows for feedback verification of the dehumidification effect based on humidity monitoring, ensuring the effective dehumidification within the high-voltage electrical equipment.

[0042] The above description of the utility model is merely an overview of the technical solution of this application. In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of this application and to implement it based on the description and drawings, and to make the above-mentioned objectives and other objectives, features and advantages of this application easier to understand, the following description is provided in conjunction with the specific embodiments and drawings of this application. Attached Figure Description

[0043] The accompanying drawings are only used to illustrate the principles, implementation methods, applications, features, and effects of specific embodiments of this application and other related content, and should not be considered as limitations on this application.

[0044] In the accompanying drawings of the instruction manual:

[0045] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a structure of the intelligent dehumidification control device for preventing condensation in high-voltage electrical equipment as described in a specific embodiment;

[0046] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the main control circuit described in a specific implementation method;

[0047] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the circuit principle of the temperature and humidity signal detection circuit described in a specific implementation;

[0048] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the circuit principle of the partial discharge signal detection circuit described in a specific implementation;

[0049] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the condensation dehumidification control circuit described in a specific implementation method;

[0050] Figure 6This is a schematic diagram of a circuit principle of the AC 220V to DC 12V power supply circuit module described in a specific embodiment;

[0051] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of a DC12V to DC5V power supply circuit module according to a specific implementation method;

[0052] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of a DC 12V to DC 3.3V power supply circuit module as described in a specific implementation.

[0053] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of a DC5V to DC5V isolated power supply circuit module according to a specific implementation method.

[0054] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the smoke signal detection circuit described in a specific implementation.

[0055] Figure 11 A schematic diagram of the smoke alarm linkage signal circuit described in a specific implementation method;

[0056] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the circuit principle of the water level signal detection circuit described in a specific implementation.

[0057] Figure 13 A schematic diagram of the circuit principle of the water tank unblocking electromagnet control circuit described in the specific implementation method;

[0058] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the circuit principle of the semiconductor cooling chip power detection circuit described in a specific embodiment;

[0059] Figure 15 A schematic diagram of the parameter setting signal detection circuit described in the specific implementation method;

[0060] Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram of the circuit principle of the cooling fan control circuit described in a specific embodiment;

[0061] Figure 17 A schematic diagram of the working status indication circuit described in a specific implementation;

[0062] Figure 18 A schematic diagram of the data long-distance communication circuit described in a specific implementation method;

[0063] Figure 19 This is a schematic diagram of the circuit principle of the fault alarm node signal control circuit described in a specific implementation.

[0064] The reference numerals used in the above figures are explained as follows:

[0065] 110. Temperature and humidity signal detection circuit; 120. Partial discharge signal detection circuit; 130. Condensation dehumidification control circuit; 140. Main control circuit; 150. Power supply circuit.

[0066] 210. Smoke signal detection circuit; 220. Smoke alarm linkage signal circuit; 230. Water level signal detection circuit; 240. Water tank unblocking electromagnet control circuit; 250. Semiconductor cooling chip power detection circuit; 260. Parameter setting signal detection circuit; 270. Cooling fan control circuit; 280. Working status indication circuit; 290. Data remote transmission communication circuit; 2100. Fault alarm node signal control circuit. Detailed Implementation

[0067] To illustrate the possible application scenarios, technical principles, implementable specific solutions, and achievable objectives and effects of this application in detail, the following description, in conjunction with the listed specific embodiments and accompanying drawings, provides a detailed explanation. The embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the technical solutions of this application and are therefore intended to limit the scope of protection of this application.

[0068] In this document, the term "embodiment" means that a specific feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with an embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of this application. The term "embodiment" appearing in various places throughout the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor does it specifically limit its independence or connection with other embodiments. In principle, in this application, as long as there are no technical contradictions or conflicts, the technical features mentioned in each embodiment can be combined in any way to form corresponding implementable technical solutions.

[0069] Unless otherwise defined, the technical terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application pertains; the use of related terms herein is merely for the purpose of describing particular embodiments and is not intended to limit this application.

[0070] In the description of this application, the term "and / or" is used to describe the logical relationship between objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B means: A exists, B exists, and A and B exist simultaneously. Additionally, the character " / " in this document generally indicates that the preceding and following objects have an "or" logical relationship.

[0071] In this application, terms such as “first” and “second” are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual quantity, hierarchy or order relationship between these entities or operations.

[0072] Unless otherwise specified, the use of terms such as “comprising,” “including,” “having,” or other similar expressions in this application is intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, which does not exclude the presence of additional elements in a process, method, or product that includes the stated elements, such that a process, method, or product that includes a list of elements may include not only those defined elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, or product.

[0073] Similar to the understanding in the Examination Guidelines, in this application, expressions such as "greater than," "less than," and "exceeding" are understood to exclude the stated number; expressions such as "above," "below," and "within" are understood to include the stated number. Furthermore, in the description of the embodiments in this application, "multiple" means two or more (including two), and similar expressions related to "multiple" are also understood in this way, such as "multiple groups" and "multiple times," unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0074] In the description of the embodiments of this application, the space-related expressions used, such as "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "vertical," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," and "circumferential," indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the specific embodiments or drawings. They are only for the purpose of describing the specific embodiments of this application or for the reader's understanding, and do not indicate or imply that the device or component referred to must have a specific position, a specific orientation, or be constructed or operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the embodiments of this application.

[0075] Unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," "fixing," and "setting," as used in the description of the embodiments of this application, should be interpreted broadly. For example, "connection" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral setting; it can be a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or a communication connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can be the internal connection of two components or the interaction between two components. For those skilled in the art to which this application pertains, the specific meaning of the above terms in the embodiments of this application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0076] Please see Figure 1 This embodiment provides an intelligent dehumidification control device for high-voltage electrical equipment to prevent condensation, comprising:

[0077] Temperature and humidity signal detection circuit 110, which is used to monitor the internal temperature and humidity of high-voltage electrical equipment;

[0078] Partial discharge signal detection circuit 120, which is used to collect partial discharge signals of insulation status of high-voltage electrical equipment;

[0079] A condensation dehumidification control circuit 130 is used to control the start and stop of semiconductor condensation dehumidification.

[0080] The main control circuit 140 is connected to the temperature and humidity signal detection circuit 110, the partial discharge signal detection circuit 120 and the condensation dehumidification control circuit 130.

[0081] The power supply circuit 150 is connected to the temperature and humidity signal detection circuit 110, the partial discharge signal detection circuit 120, the condensation dehumidification control circuit 130, and the main control circuit 140.

[0082] The power supply circuit 150 provides operating power to the temperature and humidity signal detection circuit 110, the partial discharge signal detection circuit 120, the condensation dehumidification control circuit 130, and the main control circuit 140. The temperature and humidity signal detection circuit 110 detects the temperature and humidity inside the high-voltage electrical equipment. When the temperature and humidity inside the high-voltage electrical equipment detected by the temperature and humidity signal detection circuit 110 exceeds the threshold, the main control circuit 140 activates the semiconductor condensation dehumidification function through the condensation dehumidification control circuit 130, and monitors the partial discharge signal inside the high-voltage electrical equipment in real time through the partial discharge signal detection circuit 120. When the temperature and humidity inside the high-voltage electrical equipment reach the standard and no partial discharge signal is detected, the main control circuit 140 stops the semiconductor condensation dehumidification function through the condensation dehumidification control circuit 130. Monitoring the partial discharge signal inside the high-voltage electrical equipment through the partial discharge signal detection circuit 120 allows for feedback verification of the dehumidification effect through humidity monitoring, ensuring the dehumidification effect inside the high-voltage electrical equipment.

[0083] like Figure 2As shown, in some embodiments, the main control chip U13 of the main control circuit 140 mainly uses the STM32F103RDT6 microcontroller manufactured by STMicroelectronics as the data processing unit. The STM32F103RDT6 main control chip U13 is a high-performance microcontroller based on the ARM Cortex-M3 core, with a main frequency of up to 72MHz. It uses an LQFP64 package and is equipped with 256KB Flash memory and 64KB RAM. This model integrates rich peripheral resources, including three 12-bit analog-to-digital converters, four general-purpose 16-bit timers, two PWM timers, two I2C ports, three SPI ports, five USART ports, one USB 2.0 full-speed interface, and one CAN bus controller. Capacitors C17, C21, C22, and C28 serve as voltage regulators and filters for the main control chip U13's operating power supply, which is 3.3V.

[0084] In some embodiments, such as Figure 3 As shown, the temperature and humidity signal detection circuit 110 mainly consists of two parts: temperature and humidity signal sampling and signal conditioning. The temperature and humidity sensor U3 in the circuit 110 is an AHT20, an integrated temperature and humidity sensor chip. It is covered with a carefully selected PTFE waterproof and breathable membrane to effectively prevent moisture and dust from contacting the sensor openings, ensuring the sensor is not contaminated by the environment. Capacitor C1 in the circuit 110 provides voltage regulation and filtering for the temperature and humidity sensor chip. The circuit 110 uses an I2C serial communication bus to process data with the main control chip U13. Resistors R10 and R11 are pull-up resistors for the I2C serial communication bus, ensuring signal stability, providing current limiting protection, and suppressing noise interference.

[0085] In some embodiments, such as Figure 4As shown, the partial discharge signal detection circuit 120 mainly consists of two parts: sampling and signal conditioning of partial discharge signals related to the insulation status of electrical equipment. The partial discharge signal detection circuit 120 adopts the ultrasonic detection principle. In the partial discharge signal detection circuit 120, J7 is an ultrasonic signal receiving antenna, and U14 is an AD8228ARMZ-R7 low-gain drift precision operational amplifier chip manufactured by Analog Devices (ADI), which features low voltage offset, low offset drift, low gain drift, high gain accuracy, and high common-mode rejection ratio. Capacitors E7 and C18 provide voltage regulation and filtering for the AD8228ARMZ-R7 amplifier chip. Resistors R42, C20, R26, C27, and C24 constitute a low-pass RC network filter circuit for radio frequency interference (RFI) suppression design. Resistor R45 sets the gain of the AD8228 to 100, and capacitor C23 and resistor R47 constitute a high-pass filter circuit. U20 is an operational amplifier chip LM358, and capacitor C18 provides voltage regulation and filtering for the LM358's power supply. Resistors R50 and R48, capacitor C26, and operational amplifier U20 constitute an integrating operational amplifier circuit with a bandwidth of 1kHz-100kHz and good gain. Schottky diode D14 mainly serves for signal rectification, signal buffering, and direction protection. Resistor R43 and capacitor C25 form a low-pass filter circuit to suppress high-frequency interference. The partial discharge signal is ultimately sent to the main control chip U13 for data processing.

[0086] In some embodiments, such as Figure 5 As shown, the condensation dehumidification control circuit 130 mainly consists of two parts: a condensation dehumidification drive signal and a dehumidification operation relay control. Resistor R52 and capacitor C32 constitute a low-pass filter circuit for the dehumidification drive control signal of the main control chip U13, suppressing high-frequency signal interference. An NPN transistor Q2 (model 9014) controls the power supply to the relay K5 coil to turn on and off. When the control interface CS_KZ of the main control chip U13 outputs a high level, the power supply to the relay K5 coil is turned on, the relay node is connected, and condensation dehumidification begins. When the control interface CS_KZ of the main control chip U13 outputs a low level, the power supply to the relay K5 coil is turned off, the relay node is disconnected, and condensation dehumidification stops. The freewheeling diode D16 provides a path to prevent sudden changes in the relay coil voltage and current, smoothing the voltage / current and protecting downstream circuits and components.

[0087] In some embodiments, the power supply circuit 150 is designed with four voltage output modules according to the power requirements of each module's function, one of which is... Figure 6 The AC 220V to DC 12V power supply circuit module shown is as follows: Figure 7 The DC 12V to DC 5V power supply circuit module shown is as follows: Figure 8The DC 12V to DC 3.3V power supply circuit module shown is as follows: Figure 9 The circuit module shown is a DC5V to DC5V isolated power supply.

[0088] In the AC 220V to DC 12V power supply module, J3 is the working power terminal for connecting to AC 220V power. R18 is a 14D821K varistor, providing overvoltage protection. C5 is an X-capacitor for filtering and voltage regulation, suppressing differential-mode interference. R23 is a 3D-25 overcurrent protection fuse, which quickly blows to prevent damage to the anti-condensation dehumidifier due to abnormal current rise. U4 is a switching power supply module that converts AC 220V to DC 12V to power subsequent circuits; the module has a power rating of 30W. Aluminum electrolytic capacitors E3 and E4, along with capacitors C3 and C4, provide voltage regulation and filtering for the output 12V voltage.

[0089] In the DC12V to DC5V power supply circuit module, aluminum electrolytic capacitor E5 provides voltage regulation and filtering for the input 12V power supply. U8 is the power conversion chip LM1086-5, which converts the input DC12V power supply into an output DC5V voltage to power the subsequent circuit. Capacitors C10 and C11 provide voltage regulation and filtering for the DC5V voltage.

[0090] In the DC 12V to DC 3.3V power supply circuit module, aluminum electrolytic capacitor E6 provides voltage regulation and filtering for the input 12V power supply. U9 is the power conversion chip LM1086-3.3, which converts the input DC 12V power supply into an output DC 3.3V voltage to power the subsequent circuits. Capacitors C12 and C13 provide voltage regulation and filtering for the DC 3.3V voltage.

[0091] In the DC5V to DC5V isolated power supply circuit module, aluminum electrolytic capacitor E1 provides voltage regulation and filtering for the input 5V power supply. U5 is the DC5V / DC5V isolation module, providing an independent isolated power supply for the relay coil to eliminate electromagnetic interference when the relay operates. Aluminum electrolytic capacitor E2 and capacitor C2 provide voltage regulation and filtering for the output 5V voltage.

[0092] Please see Figure 1 In some embodiments, it also includes:

[0093] Smoke signal detection circuit 210, the smoke signal detection circuit 210 is connected to the main control circuit 140, and the smoke signal detection circuit 210 is used to detect smoke particles inside electrical equipment;

[0094] Smoke alarm linkage signal circuit 220, wherein the smoke alarm linkage signal is connected to the main control circuit 140.

[0095] The smoke signal detection circuit 210 detects smoke particles and gases caused by condensation inside high-voltage electrical equipment, such as insulation faults, arcing fires, etc. When smoke particles are detected, the smoke alarm linkage signal circuit 220 triggers an alarm to trigger an alarm for smoke generated by condensation inside electrical equipment, such as insulation faults, arcing fires, etc.

[0096] like Figure 10 As shown, the smoke signal detection circuit 210 mainly consists of two parts: smoke particle gas signal sampling and signal conditioning. U12 is the MQ-2 smoke particle gas sensor. The MQ-2 gas sensor uses tin dioxide (SnO2) gas-sensitive material, which has low conductivity in clean air. When smoke particle gas is present in the sensor's environment, the sensor's conductivity increases with the increase of the concentration of smoke particle gas in the air, with a detection concentration of 300-10000ppm. Resistors R39 and R40 are bias resistors for the MQ-2 sensor chip. Resistors R30 and R31, capacitor C15, and power supply VCC 3.3V constitute the smoke signal alarm threshold circuit, which sets the alarm threshold. U11A is the LM358 operational amplifier chip, and capacitor C14 provides voltage regulation and filtering for the LM358 operational amplifier chip. Resistor R37 and capacitor C16 form a low-pass filter circuit to suppress high-frequency signal interference. D13 is a TVS diode for transient overvoltage protection, which suppresses surges, provides electrostatic discharge protection, and lightning protection for the main control microcontroller sampling interface. The smoke particle gas detection signal is finally sent to the main control chip U13 for data processing.

[0097] like Figure 11 As shown, the smoke alarm linkage signal circuit 220 mainly consists of two parts: the smoke alarm linkage drive signal and the smoke alarm linkage node relay control. Resistor R12, diode D8, and optocoupler U2 form the smoke alarm linkage drive signal circuit. U2 is an optocoupler PC817, which physically isolates the smoke alarm linkage drive signal from the output working circuit of the smoke alarm linkage node, suppressing electromagnetic interference. Diode D8 is a signal reverse isolation protection diode. Optocoupler U2 controls the power supply of relay K1 coil to turn on and off. When the main control chip U13 control interface YW_KZ outputs a low level, the power supply of relay K1 coil is turned on, the relay node is turned on, and the smoke alarm linkage node signal is output. When the main control chip U13 control interface YW_KZ outputs a high level, the power supply of relay K1 coil is turned off, the relay node is turned off, and there is no smoke alarm linkage node signal. D1 is a freewheeling diode, preventing sudden changes in relay coil voltage and current, and providing a path. It plays a role in smoothing voltage / current, protecting downstream circuits and devices.

[0098] Please see Figure 1 In some embodiments, it also includes:

[0099] Water level signal detection circuit 230, which is connected to the main control circuit 140, is used to detect the blockage status of the water tank in the high-voltage electrical equipment anti-condensation intelligent dehumidification control device.

[0100] A sink unblocking electromagnet control circuit 240 is provided, which is connected to the main control circuit 140. The sink unblocking electromagnet control circuit 240 is used to control the operation of the electromagnet for unblocking clogged sinks.

[0101] The water level signal detection circuit 230 enables real-time detection of blockage in the water collection tank inside the anti-condensation intelligent dehumidifier, and the water tank unblocking electromagnet control circuit 240 enables control of the electromagnet for unblocking the water collection tank inside the anti-condensation dehumidifier.

[0102] like Figure 12 As shown, the water level signal detection circuit 230 mainly consists of two parts: sampling and signal conditioning of the water level signal from the clogged water collection tank inside the anti-condensation dehumidification device. J5 is an S3-WDT-P electrode plate water immersion sensor, which outputs a resistance signal. This sensor adopts an IP67 protection rating design, and its fully sealed structure can resist electromagnetic interference and acid and alkali corrosion, ensuring high reliability. Resistor R27, the water immersion sensor, and power supply VCC 3.3V constitute a water level signal sampling voltage divider circuit, and capacitor C8 acts as a filter capacitor. Resistors R20 and R21, along with power supply VCC 3.3V, form the water level signal alarm threshold circuit, setting the alarm threshold. Resistors R22 and R23 provide input protection for the operational amplifier. U7 is an operational amplifier chip LM358, which compares the water level signal alarm threshold with the water level detection signal for output. U7B and resistor R28 form a voltage follower circuit to buffer the signal and isolate interference between the preceding and following stages. Resistor R26 and capacitor C9 form a low-pass filter circuit to suppress high-frequency interference. The water level signal is finally sent to the main control chip U13 for data processing.

[0103] like Figure 13As shown, the water tank cleaning electromagnet control circuit 240 mainly consists of two parts: the electromagnet control drive signal and the electromagnet operation relay control. Resistor R29, diode D12, and optocoupler U10 form the electromagnet control drive signal circuit. U10 is an optocoupler PC817, which physically isolates the electromagnet control drive signal from the electromagnet operating circuit to suppress electromagnetic interference. Diode D12 is a signal reverse isolation protection diode. Optocoupler U10 controls the power supply of relay K3 coil to turn on and off. When the main control chip U13 control interface DCT_KZ outputs a low level, the power supply of relay K3 coil is turned on, the relay node is turned on, and the water tank cleaning electromagnet operates. When the main control chip U13 control interface DCT_KZ outputs a high level, the power supply of relay K3 coil is turned off, the relay node is turned off, and the water tank cleaning electromagnet stops. D11 is a freewheeling diode, preventing sudden changes in relay coil voltage and current and providing a path. It plays a role in smoothing voltage / current and protecting downstream circuits and components.

[0104] Please see Figure 1 In some embodiments, it also includes:

[0105] A semiconductor cooling chip power detection circuit 250 is connected to the main control circuit 140 and is used to monitor the operating status of semiconductor condensation dehumidification.

[0106] like Figure 14 As shown, the semiconductor cooling chip power detection circuit 250 mainly consists of two parts: semiconductor cooling chip power signal sampling and signal conditioning. U15 is a high-performance Hall effect current sensor, model ACS712ELCTR-05B-T. The sensor adopts an advanced BCDMOS process and includes a high-sensitivity Hall sensor, Hall signal preamplifier, high-precision Hall temperature compensation unit, oscillator, dynamic offset cancellation circuit, and amplifier output module. It can effectively measure AC or DC current and convert the semiconductor cooling dehumidification working current detection signal into a voltage output detection signal. Capacitors E8 and C30 provide voltage regulation and filtering for the ACS712ELCTR-05B-T sensor chip. Resistor R52 and capacitor C32 form a low-pass filter circuit to suppress high-frequency signal interference. Resistor R53 is a buffer current limiting protection resistor. D17 is a TVS diode for transient overvoltage surge protection, realizing surge suppression, electrostatic discharge protection, and lightning protection for the main control microcontroller sampling interface. The semiconductor cooling chip power current signal is finally sent to the main control chip U13 for data processing.

[0107] Please see Figure 1 In some embodiments, it also includes:

[0108] The parameter setting signal detection circuit 260 is connected to the main control circuit 140 and is used to set the parameters for semiconductor anti-condensation dehumidification.

[0109] like Figure 15 As shown, the parameter setting signal detection circuit 260 mainly consists of two parts: parameter button setting and signal conditioning. Buttons SW1, SW2, SW3, SW4W, and SW5 are five tactile buttons. Resistors R32, R33, R34, R35, and R36, together with buttons SW1, SW2, SW3, SW4W, and SW5, constitute the button operation signal conditioning circuit, converting button operations into level signals and sending them to the main control chip U13 for data processing. When a button is not operated, the signal is high; when a button is operated, the signal changes to low to identify the operation type and value.

[0110] Please see Figure 1 In some embodiments, it also includes:

[0111] A cooling fan control circuit 270 is connected to the main control circuit 140 and is used to control the start-up of the cooling fan in the electrical equipment.

[0112] like Figure 16 As shown, the cooling fan control circuit 270 mainly consists of two parts: the fan drive signal and the cooling fan operation relay control. Resistor R54 and capacitor C33 form a low-pass filter circuit for the dehumidification drive control signal of the main control chip U13, suppressing high-frequency signal interference. Q1 is an NPN transistor 9014 that controls the power supply of the relay K4 coil to turn on and off. When the main control chip U13 control interface FJ_KZ outputs a high level, the power supply of the relay K4 coil is turned on, the relay node is turned on, and the cooling fan works. When the main control chip U13 control interface FJ_KZ outputs a low level, the power supply of the relay K4 coil is turned off, the relay node is turned off, and the cooling fan stops. D15 is a freewheeling diode, which prevents sudden changes in the voltage and current of the relay coil and provides a path. It plays a role in smoothing the voltage / current and protecting the downstream circuits and devices.

[0113] Please see Figure 1 In some embodiments, it also includes:

[0114] Operating status indicator circuit 280 is connected to main control circuit 140.

[0115] like Figure 17As shown, the operating status indication circuit 280 consists of a power indicator circuit, a dehumidification operation indicator circuit, a cooling fan operation indicator circuit, a sink cleaning electromagnet operation indicator circuit, a smoke alarm linkage indicator circuit, and a fault alarm indicator circuit. LED D2 and resistor R3 form the power indicator circuit. LED D3, resistor R4, and the drive signal CS_LED form the dehumidification operation indicator circuit. LED D4, resistor R5, and the drive signal FJ_LED form the cooling fan operation indicator circuit. LED D5, resistor R6, and the drive signal DCT_LED form the sink cleaning electromagnet operation indicator circuit. LED D6, resistor R7, and the drive signal YW_LED form the smoke alarm linkage indicator circuit. LED D7, resistor R28, and the drive signal GJ_LED form the fault alarm indicator circuit.

[0116] Please see Figure 1 In some embodiments, it also includes:

[0117] Data transmission communication circuit 290 is connected to main control circuit 140.

[0118] The anti-condensation dehumidifier's operating data is exchanged with external devices via a data transmission communication circuit, enabling data transmission over long distances.

[0119] like Figure 18 As shown, the data transmission communication circuit 290 mainly consists of two parts: a 485 communication converter and a 485 communication interface. U1 is the communication transmission chip, model SP3485EEN. The SP3485E is a 3.3V powered half-duplex low-power RS-485 transceiver, fully compliant with the TIA / EIA-485 standard. Resistors R2, R16, and R13 are current-limiting protection resistors for the interface buffer between the 485 communication chip and the STM32F103RDT6 microcontroller. Resistors R1, R14, and R17 are pull-up resistors for the serial communication bus, ensuring signal stability, providing current-limiting protection, and suppressing noise interference. VP1, VP2, and VP3 are TVS transient voltage suppressor diodes, providing transient overvoltage protection, electrostatic discharge protection, and lightning strike protection, suppressing surges at the 485 communication interface.

[0120] Please see Figure 1 In some embodiments, it also includes:

[0121] The fault alarm node signal control circuit 2100 is connected to the main control circuit 140.

[0122] like Figure 19As shown, the fault alarm node signal control circuit 2100 mainly consists of two parts: the fault alarm node drive signal and the fault alarm node relay control. Resistor R19, diode D10, and optocoupler U6 form the fault alarm node drive signal circuit. U6 is an optocoupler PC817, which physically isolates the fault alarm node drive signal from the fault alarm node output circuit to suppress electromagnetic interference. D10 is a signal reverse isolation protection diode. Optocoupler U6 controls the power supply of relay K2 coil to turn on and off. When the main control chip U13 control interface BJ_KZ outputs a low level, the power supply of relay K2 coil is turned on, the relay node is turned on, and a fault alarm node signal is output. When the main control chip U13 control interface BJ_KZ outputs a high level, the power supply of relay K2 coil is turned off, the relay node is turned off, and there is no fault alarm node signal. D9 is a freewheeling diode, which prevents sudden changes in relay coil voltage and current, providing a path. It plays a role in smoothing voltage / current, protecting downstream circuits and devices.

[0123] In some embodiments, an intelligent dehumidification control device for power equipment is provided, mainly comprising: a partial discharge signal detection circuit 120, a temperature and humidity signal detection circuit 110, a water level signal detection circuit 230, a smoke signal detection circuit 210, a semiconductor cooling chip power detection circuit 250, a parameter setting signal detection circuit 260, a working status indication circuit 280, a condensation dehumidification control circuit 130, a cooling fan control circuit 270, a water tank unblocking electromagnet control circuit 240, a smoke alarm linkage signal circuit 220, a fault alarm node signal control circuit 2100, a data remote transmission communication circuit 290, a main control circuit 140, and a power supply circuit 150.

[0124] Based on the study of condensation and partial discharge characteristics of high-voltage electrical equipment, a temperature and humidity signal detection circuit 110 was designed to monitor the internal temperature and humidity parameters of the electrical equipment. A partial discharge signal detection circuit 120 was designed to dynamically monitor the partial discharge signal of the insulation status of the electrical equipment. A water level signal detection circuit 230 was designed to detect the blockage of the water collection tank inside the anti-condensation intelligent dehumidification device in real time. A smoke signal detection circuit 210 was designed to detect smoke particles and gases caused by insulation faults, arcing fires, etc., caused by condensation inside the high-voltage electrical equipment. A semiconductor cooling chip power detection circuit 250 was designed to monitor the operating status of the semiconductor condensation dehumidification. A parameter setting signal detection circuit 260 was designed to set the parameters for the anti-condensation dehumidification. A condensation dehumidification control circuit 130 was designed to control the start and stop of the semiconductor condensation dehumidification. A cooling fan control circuit 270 was designed to control the start and stop of the cooling fan of the anti-condensation dehumidification device. A water tank unblocking electromagnet control circuit 240 was designed to control the operation of the electromagnet for unblocking the water collection tank inside the anti-condensation dehumidification device. Design a smoke alarm linkage signal circuit 220 to trigger an alarm when smoke is generated due to condensation inside electrical equipment causing insulation faults, arcing fires, or other malfunctions. Design a fault alarm node signal control circuit 2100 to control alarm node signals when abnormal detection data such as condensation occurs during the operation of electrical equipment. Design an anti-condensation dehumidifier operating status indication circuit 280 to indicate the operating status of the anti-condensation dehumidifier. Design a data remote transmission communication circuit to enable the interaction and remote transmission of operating data from the anti-condensation dehumidifier with external devices.

[0125] Partial discharge signal detection circuit 120 acquires and conditions partial discharge signals related to the insulation status of high-voltage electrical equipment, and sends the data to the main control circuit 140 via I / O ports. Temperature and humidity signal detection circuit 110 acquires and conditions temperature and humidity parameters related to condensation inside high-voltage electrical equipment, and sends the data to the main control circuit 140 via I / O ports. Water level signal detection circuit 230 acquires and conditions the data regarding blockage of the water collection tank inside the anti-condensation intelligent dehumidification device, and sends the data to the main control circuit 140 via I / O ports. Smoke signal detection circuit 210 detects and conditions smoke particles and gases caused by condensation inside high-voltage electrical equipment, such as insulation faults, arcing fires, etc., and sends the data to the main control circuit 140 via I / O ports. Semiconductor cooling chip power detection circuit 250 acquires and conditions the data regarding the operation status of the semiconductor condensation dehumidification system, and sends the data to the main control circuit 140 via I / O ports. The parameter setting signal detection circuit 260 detects and identifies the parameter setting commands of the anti-condensation intelligent dehumidification control device, and sends the data to the main control circuit 140 through the I / O port. The main control circuit 140 controls the working status indicator light to turn on and off through the I / O port; the main control circuit 140 outputs control signals through the I / O port to control the start and stop of the condensation dehumidification; the main control circuit 140 outputs control signals through the I / O port to control the start and stop of the cooling fan; the main control circuit 140 outputs control signals through the I / O port to control the start and stop of the water tank unblocking electromagnet; the main control circuit 140 outputs alarm linkage drive control signals through the I / O port to trigger smoke alarm linkage; the main control circuit 140 outputs fault alarm node drive control signals through the I / O port to control the opening / closing of the fault alarm node relay; the main control circuit 140 interacts with the data remote transmission communication circuit 290 through the serial TTL port, and uses the RS485 interface Modbus protocol to achieve data remote transmission. The power supply circuit 150 consists of AC220V to DC12V, DC12V to DC5V, DC12V to DC3.3V, and DC5V-DC5V isolated power supplies.

[0126] Key Point 1: Design of a multi-dimensional state sensing circuit for condensation in power equipment.

[0127] Currently, dehumidification for power equipment mainly relies on installing humidity sensors to monitor humidity in real time. When the humidity exceeds a set threshold, an alarm signal or control of the dehumidification system is activated to initiate dehumidification. The insulating surfaces of power equipment often absorb dust, salt, and chemical contaminants. Condensation dissolves these contaminants, forming a conductive electrolyte that significantly reduces surface resistance, increases leakage current, and leads to partial discharge, causing phase-to-phase or phase-to-ground flashovers and serious short-circuit accidents. This invention designs a power equipment condensation status detection circuit that includes ambient temperature, humidity, and partial discharge signal status detection. It employs an AHT20 model temperature and humidity sensor chip, covered with a carefully selected PTFE waterproof and breathable membrane, effectively preventing the sensor openings from contacting moisture and dust, ensuring the sensor is not contaminated by the environment. Partial discharge detection uses the ultrasonic detection principle. When condensation causes partial discharge, the molecules in the discharge area move violently and collide with each other to generate sound waves with a frequency greater than 20KHz. The ultrasonic signal is conditioned using the low-gain drift precision operational amplifier chip AD8228ARMZ-R7, which has the characteristics of low voltage offset, low offset drift, low gain drift, high gain accuracy and high common-mode rejection ratio.

[0128] Key Point 2: Design of the 240-cell control circuit for the electromagnet used for unclogging the sink.

[0129] Currently, the main dehumidification principle for power equipment is semiconductor condensation. This involves creating localized condensation conditions to cause humid air inside the cabinet to condense into water droplets. These droplets then flow down the surface of the condenser fins, are collected in a water collection tank, and drained outside the equipment through a water pipe. However, the water collection tank is small and prone to clogging due to dust and debris accumulation. If a blockage occurs, overflowing water can easily cause a short circuit. Current solutions mainly involve installing filters, without monitoring the water level or handling water accumulation issues. This invention designs a water tank unblocking electromagnet control circuit 240, which includes a water level signal detection circuit 230 and a water tank unblocking electromagnet control circuit 240. It employs an S3-WDT-P electrode plate water immersion sensor and a conditioning circuit to convert resistive characteristics into voltage characteristics for data sampling. The sink unclogging electromagnet control circuit 240 mainly consists of two parts: the electromagnet control drive signal and the electromagnet working relay control. The design uses an electromagnet control signal isolation circuit based on the optocoupler PC817 to achieve physical isolation between the electromagnet control drive signal and the electromagnet working circuit, suppressing electromagnetic signal interference and ensuring the reliability of the sink unclogging electromagnet.

[0130] Key Point 3: Design of Trace Gas Detection Circuit for Smoke Particles

[0131] Due to their enclosed metal structure, electrical equipment exposed to condensation for extended periods can experience slow decomposition of high-voltage insulation materials due to overheating, aging, or corona discharge. This continuous temperature rise can ignite open flames or generate massive fault arcs, potentially leading to equipment explosions. During insulation faults, trace amounts of gas and smoke particles are released. Current anti-condensation dehumidification systems do not detect these smoke particles, failing to provide early warnings, interventions, and proactive maintenance alerts for the anti-condensation safety status of electrical equipment. This smoke particle trace gas detection circuit design includes a smoke signal detection circuit 210 and a smoke alarm linkage signal circuit 220. The smoke signal detection circuit 210 primarily consists of smoke particle gas signal sampling and signal conditioning, while the smoke alarm linkage signal circuit 220 primarily consists of a smoke alarm linkage drive signal and a smoke alarm linkage node relay control. The MQ-2 gas sensor was selected as the smoke particle gas sensor. The MQ-2 gas sensor uses tin dioxide (SnO2) gas-sensitive material, which has low conductivity in clean air. The conductivity of the sensor increases with the increase of smoke particle gas concentration in the air. The detection concentration is 300-10000ppm. The smoke signal alarm threshold circuit is designed to adjust the alarm threshold.

[0132] The design incorporates a smoke alarm linkage drive signal circuit based on the optocoupler PC817 to control the alarm relay output alarm signal node. The design also includes an independent isolated power supply for the alarm relay to isolate electromagnetic interference to the entire circuit power supply system during operation, smooth voltage / current, and protect downstream circuits and devices.

[0133] Finally, it should be noted that although the above embodiments have been described in the text and drawings of this application, this should not limit the scope of patent protection of this application. Any technical solutions that are based on the essential concept of this application and utilize the content described in the text and drawings of this application, resulting in equivalent structural or procedural substitutions or modifications, as well as the direct or indirect application of the technical solutions of the above embodiments to other related technical fields, are all included within the scope of patent protection of this application.

Claims

1. A smart dehumidification control device for preventing condensation in high-voltage electrical equipment, characterized in that, include: A temperature and humidity signal detection circuit, used to monitor the internal temperature and humidity of high-voltage electrical equipment; A partial discharge signal detection circuit, which is used to collect partial discharge signals of the insulation state of high-voltage electrical equipment; A condensation dehumidification control circuit, wherein the condensation dehumidification control circuit is used to control the start and stop of semiconductor condensation dehumidification; The main control circuit is connected to the temperature and humidity signal detection circuit, the partial discharge signal detection circuit, and the condensation dehumidification control circuit. A power supply circuit is provided, which is connected to a temperature and humidity signal detection circuit, a partial discharge signal detection circuit, a condensation dehumidification control circuit, and a main control circuit.

2. The intelligent dehumidification control device for high-voltage electrical equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: A smoke signal detection circuit is connected to the main control circuit and is used to detect smoke particles inside electrical equipment. A smoke alarm linkage signal circuit, wherein the smoke alarm linkage signal is connected to the main control circuit.

3. The intelligent dehumidification control device for high-voltage electrical equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: A water level signal detection circuit is connected to the main control circuit. The water level signal detection circuit is used to detect the blockage status of the water tank in the high-voltage electrical equipment anti-condensation intelligent dehumidification control device. A water tank unblocking electromagnet control circuit is provided, which is connected to the main control circuit and is used to control the operation of the water tank unblocking electromagnet.

4. The intelligent dehumidification control device for high-voltage electrical equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: A semiconductor cooling chip power detection circuit is connected to the main control circuit and is used to monitor the operating status of semiconductor condensation dehumidification.

5. The intelligent dehumidification control device for high-voltage electrical equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: A parameter setting signal detection circuit is connected to the main control circuit and is used to set the parameters for semiconductor anti-condensation dehumidification.

6. The intelligent dehumidification control device for high-voltage electrical equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: A cooling fan control circuit is connected to the main control circuit and is used to control the start-up of the cooling fan in the electrical equipment.

7. The intelligent dehumidification control device for high-voltage electrical equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: A working status indicator circuit is connected to the main control circuit.

8. The intelligent dehumidification control device for high-voltage electrical equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: A data remote transmission communication circuit is connected to the main control circuit.

9. The intelligent dehumidification control device for high-voltage electrical equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: A fault alarm node signal control circuit is connected to the main control circuit.

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