Protective device and energy storage device

Abstract

The application discloses a protection device and an energy storage device, and relates to the technical field of energy storage devices. The protection device comprises a protection structure, the protection structure has a first direction and a second direction perpendicular to each other, the protection structure is provided with a gas guide cavity, one side of the gas guide cavity along the first direction is provided with a cavity opening, the protection structure is suitable for being covered on the outer periphery of a burst plate along the second direction, the gas guide cavity can be communicated with the burst plate to guide the gas after the burst plate is burst to flow out from the cavity opening; in this way, after the burst plate is burst, the gas enters the gas guide cavity along the second direction and flows along the gas guide cavity, and then flows out from the cavity opening provided in the first direction, the flowing direction of the gas after the burst plate is burst is changed, the possibility of causing damage to operators and equipment is reduced, and the safety of the device is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the field of energy storage device technology, specifically relating to a protective device and an energy storage device. Background Technology

[0002] An energy storage device is a modular, mobile, integrated energy storage system that integrates battery packs, a battery management system, a converter, a temperature control system, and a fire suppression system. Explosion vents are typically installed on the walls of the energy storage device's container to release pressure in a directional manner and prevent structural rupture when the internal battery malfunctions and causes a sudden increase in internal pressure.

[0003] In related technologies, explosion relief plates are usually installed on the side wall of energy storage devices, but during directional pressure relief, the energy released during the explosion may accidentally injure nearby workers or damage surrounding equipment. Utility Model Content

[0004] This application aims to provide a protective device and an energy storage device that can solve the problem in related technologies where explosion relief plates are usually installed on the side wall of energy storage devices, but during directional pressure relief, the energy released during the explosion can easily injure nearby workers or damage surrounding equipment.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, this application is implemented as follows:

[0006] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application propose a protective device, comprising: a protective structure having a first direction and a second direction perpendicular to each other, the protective structure having a gas guiding cavity, the gas guiding cavity having an opening on one side along the first direction, the protective structure being adapted to cover the outer periphery of a venting plate along the second direction, the gas guiding cavity being able to communicate with the venting plate to guide the gas after the venting plate explodes to flow out from the opening.

[0007] Optionally, the protective structure has a first end and a second end opposite to each other along the first direction, the cavity is located at the first end, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the air guide cavity gradually increases along the direction perpendicular to the first direction from the second end to the first end.

[0008] Optionally, along the direction perpendicular to the first direction, the cross-sectional area of ​​the air guide cavity at the first end is the first cross-sectional area S1, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the air guide cavity at the second end is the second cross-sectional area S2, satisfying: 1.3≤S1 / S2≤2.

[0009] Optionally, the protective structure further has a third direction, which is perpendicular to the first direction and the second direction respectively; the protective structure includes a first plate and a second plate, the first plate being disposed on both sides of the second plate along the third direction, the first plate and the second plate being connected to enclose and form the air guiding cavity; the first plate and / or the second plate are provided with a mounting part on one side along the second direction, the mounting part being adapted to be connected to the explosion relief plate.

[0010] Optionally, the second plate includes a first sub-plate and a second sub-plate, the first sub-plate is connected to the first plate along one side of the first plate in the first direction, the second sub-plate is connected to the first plate along one side of the second direction, and the first sub-plate, the second sub-plate and the first plate enclose the air guide cavity; along the second direction, the mounting portion is provided on the side of the first sub-plate away from the second sub-plate.

[0011] Optionally, the second sub-plate forms an angle α with the first direction, satisfying: 30°≤α≤45°.

[0012] Optionally, the first plate and the second plate are welded together;

[0013] And / or, the protective structure further includes fasteners, through which the first plate and the second plate are connected.

[0014] Optionally, the first plate and the second plate are integrally formed parts.

[0015] Optionally, the second plate further includes a transition member disposed between the first sub-plate and the second sub-plate. The transition member extends in a bending direction around the third sub-plate to connect with the first sub-plate and the second sub-plate respectively. The transition member is also connected to the first plate.

[0016] Optionally, the protective structure has a first end and a second end opposite to each other along the first direction, and the cavity is located at the first end;

[0017] The second end is provided with a drainage groove, which is connected to the air guide cavity.

[0018] Optionally, the protective device further includes a water collecting component, which is located at the drainage trough and connected to the protective structure; the water collecting component has a water collecting cavity, which is connected to the drainage trough; the end of the water collecting component away from the protective structure has a water outlet, which is connected to the water collecting cavity.

[0019] Optionally, the tensile strength of the protective structure is σ, which satisfies: 300MPa≤σ≤800MPa.

[0020] Secondly, embodiments of this application propose an energy storage device, comprising: a housing, an explosion relief plate, and a protective device as described in any of the above claims, wherein the explosion relief plate is disposed on the side wall of the housing, and the protective structure is disposed on the outer periphery of the explosion relief plate.

[0021] Optionally, along the first direction, the distance between the protective structure and the nearest edge of the sidewall is H1, and the height of the sidewall along the first direction is H2, satisfying: 1 / 3≤H1 / H2≤1 / 2.

[0022] Optionally, the bonding force between the protective structure and the explosion relief plate is F, and the projected area of ​​the explosion relief plate along the second direction is S3, satisfying: 0.02 N / mm². 2 ≤F / S3≤30N / mm 2 .

[0023] In the embodiments of this application, the protective device includes: a protective structure having a first direction and a second direction perpendicular to each other; the protective structure is provided with a gas guiding cavity; the gas guiding cavity has an opening on one side along the first direction; the protective structure is adapted to cover the outer periphery of the explosion relief plate along the second direction; the gas guiding cavity can communicate with the explosion relief plate to guide the gas after the explosion relief plate explodes to flow out from the opening; thus, after the explosion relief plate explodes, the gas enters the gas guiding cavity along the second direction and flows along the gas guiding cavity, and then flows out from the opening in the first direction, changing the gas flow direction after the explosion relief plate explodes, reducing the possibility of injury to workers and equipment, and improving the safety of the device.

[0024] Additional aspects and advantages of this application will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of this application. Attached Figure Description

[0025] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of this application will become apparent and readily understood from the description of the embodiments taken in conjunction with the following drawings, in which:

[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a first protective structure according to an embodiment of this application;

[0027] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a second protective structure according to an embodiment of this application;

[0028] Figure 3 This is an exploded view of a first protective structure according to an embodiment of this application;

[0029] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram from another perspective of the first protective structure according to an embodiment of this application;

[0030] Figure 5 According to the embodiments of this application, along Figure 4 Sectional view of line AA in the middle;

[0031] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram from another perspective of the second protective structure according to an embodiment of this application;

[0032] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of an energy storage device according to an embodiment of this application;

[0033] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of another energy storage device according to an embodiment of this application.

[0034] Figure label:

[0035] 1: Protective structure; 10: Air duct chamber; 101: Chamber opening; 11: First end; 12: Second end; 121: Drainage groove; 13: First plate; 14: Second plate; 141: First sub-plate; 142: Second sub-plate; 143: Transition piece; 15: Mounting part; 2: Explosion relief plate; 3: Water collection piece; 31: Water collection chamber; 32: Water outlet; 4: Box body; 41: Side wall; X: First direction; Y: Second direction; Z: Third direction. Detailed Implementation

[0036] The embodiments of this application will now be described in detail. Examples of these embodiments are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain this application, and should not be construed as limiting this application. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0037] The terms "first" and "second" in the specification and claims of this application may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of this application, unless otherwise stated, "multiple" means two or more. Furthermore, "and / or" in the specification and claims indicates at least one of the connected objects, and the character " / " generally indicates that the preceding and following objects are in an "or" relationship.

[0038] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this application.

[0039] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0040] Before explaining the protective device and energy storage device provided in the embodiments of this application, the application scenarios of the protective device and energy storage device provided in the embodiments of this application will be specifically described first:

[0041] Energy storage devices offer advantages such as improved energy efficiency, balanced supply and demand, and ensured grid stability, leading to their widespread application in energy management, power systems, transportation, and electronic equipment. Energy storage devices typically include energy storage containers or cabinets. These devices are usually equipped with explosion-proof panels or valves. When internal battery failure causes a sudden increase in pressure inside the container or cabinet, these valves can release pressure in a directional manner to prevent structural rupture, thus meeting the explosion-proof ventilation requirements of the energy storage device and ensuring its safety.

[0042] Among the related technologies, one approach is to install a small explosion relief valve on the door of the energy storage device. However, to meet the explosion-proof requirements of the energy storage device, multiple small explosion relief valves are required, which increases the cost of the energy storage device. Another approach is to install a larger explosion relief plate on the top of the energy storage device compared to the explosion relief valve. However, top installation increases the installation difficulty and is prone to problems such as water leakage. Alternatively, an explosion relief plate can be installed on the side wall of the energy storage device. However, when the explosion relief plate explodes, gas or even flames can flow out from the weak points of the explosion relief plate, which can easily pose a safety hazard to surrounding personnel or equipment.

[0043] Therefore, this application provides a protective device and an energy storage device. The protective device and energy storage device provided in this application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and through specific embodiments and application scenarios.

[0044] like Figure 1 As shown, the protective device according to some embodiments of this application includes a protective structure 1. The protective structure 1 has a first direction X and a second direction Y that are perpendicular to each other. The protective structure 1 is provided with a gas guiding cavity 10. The gas guiding cavity 10 has an opening 101 on one side along the first direction X. The protective structure 1 is adapted to cover the outer periphery of the explosion relief plate 2 along the second direction Y. The gas guiding cavity 10 can communicate with the explosion relief plate 2 to guide the gas after the explosion relief plate 2 explodes to flow out from the opening 101.

[0045] In this embodiment, the protective structure 1 is disposed around the outer periphery of the explosion relief plate 2 along the second direction Y. When the explosion relief plate 2 explodes, gas or even flame will flow out from the explosion relief plate 2 along the second direction Y. At this time, since the gas guiding cavity 10 can communicate with the explosion relief plate 2, the gas or even flame can enter the gas guiding cavity 10 and then flow out from the cavity 101 provided in the first direction X. This allows the gas or even flame that originally flowed out along the second direction Y to flow outward along the first direction X, reducing the possibility of gas or even flame causing harm to workers or equipment when flowing out along the second direction Y, and improving the safety of the energy storage device.

[0046] Understandably, the protective device of this application can be applied to energy storage devices to cover the outer periphery of the explosion relief plate 2 within the energy storage device, preventing damage to personnel or equipment in front of it when gas or even flames are directly discharged from the explosion relief plate 2. However, the protective device is not limited to application in energy storage devices. For ease of explanation, the following description uses application in energy storage devices as an example, and the specific application scenario can be flexibly configured.

[0047] It should be noted that the protective structure 1 has a first direction X and a second direction Y that are perpendicular to each other. The first direction X is the height direction of the protective structure 1. In actual use, the first direction X is also the height direction of the energy storage device, or the vertical direction. The second direction Y is the thickness direction of the protective structure 1. In actual use, the first direction X is the width direction of the energy storage device, which is also the horizontal direction.

[0048] Understandably, the first direction X and the second direction Y are perpendicular to each other. Specifically, they can be "perpendicular" in the strict sense, meaning that the angle between the first direction X and the second direction Y is 90°; or they can be "approximately perpendicular," specifically meaning that the angle between the first direction X and the second direction Y includes a certain error. Considering the measurement and the error associated with the measurement of a specific quantity (i.e., the limitation of the measurement system), this error is within the acceptable deviation range for a specific value as determined by a person skilled in the art. For example, the angle between the first direction X and the second direction Y is 90° ± 5°.

[0049] It should be explained that the explosion relief plate 2 is connected and installed along the second direction Y to the side wall of the energy storage device, that is, the plane of the explosion relief plate 2 is parallel to the side wall of the energy storage device. When the battery in the energy storage device experiences thermal runaway or other situations, the internal pressure of the energy storage device increases, and the gas breaks through the explosion relief plate 2 and flows out from the second direction Y. That is, the gas or even the flame flows out from the side wall of the energy storage device, which can easily cause direct harm to the workers or equipment. The gas guiding chamber 10 can guide the gas or even the flame to flow out along the first direction X, that is, guide the gas or even the flame to flow upward, thereby reducing the possibility of harm to the workers or equipment, and thus improving the safety and reliability of the energy storage device.

[0050] In specific applications, the gas guiding chamber 10 is provided with an opening 101 along the first direction X. Specifically, the gas guiding chamber 10 is provided with an opening 101 on the upward side, so that gas or even flame can be drawn out in the direction of the opening. When the explosion relief plate 2 is opened, the lower end of the gas guiding chamber 10 is connected to the explosion relief plate 2, guiding the gas or even flame into the gas guiding chamber 10, and then drawing the gas or even flame upward from the opening 101 at the upper end of the gas guiding chamber 10.

[0051] Understandably, when the battery inside the energy storage device goes out of control, causing a sudden increase in pressure inside the box or cabinet, the contents flowing out from the explosion relief plate 2 may include not only gas but also flames. Therefore, the protective structure 1 has a high melting point. The specific melting point can be set by those skilled in the art according to actual needs. For example, the protective structure 1 can be made of stainless steel or aluminum alloy, etc., so that it will not be melted or deformed by the flame when the explosion relief plate 2 bursts open and flames flow out.

[0052] like Figure 1 As shown, in some embodiments of this application, the protective structure 1 has a first end 11 and a second end 12 opposite to each other along the first direction X, the cavity 101 is provided at the first end 11, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the air guide cavity 10 gradually increases along the direction perpendicular to the first direction X from the second end 12 to the first end 11.

[0053] In this embodiment, by setting the cross-sectional area of ​​the gas guide cavity 10 to gradually increase from the second end 12 to the first end 11 along the direction perpendicular to the first direction X, a "large at the top and small at the bottom" gas guide cavity 10 can be formed. In this way, the cross-sectional area of ​​the gas guide cavity 10 at the second end 12 is relatively small, which can reduce the influx of air to a certain extent, reduce the risk of flame spreading downward or backflow, and at the same time, it can better withstand the impact of gas or even flame, reducing the risk of deformation. On the other hand, the cross-sectional area of ​​the gas guide cavity 10 at the first end 11 is relatively large, so that the gas or even flame flowing into the gas guide cavity 10 has sufficient exhaust space to be discharged from the cavity opening 101 set at the first end 11. At the same time, it can reduce the pressure of the gas discharged from the cavity opening 101, reducing the possibility of causing damage to the outside.

[0054] In practical applications, the first end 11 of the protective structure 1 refers to the upper end of the protective structure 1, and the second end 12 refers to the lower end of the protective structure 1. In actual installation, the second end 12 of the protective structure 1 is installed on the lower outer periphery of the explosion relief plate 2, so that the airflow after the explosion relief plate 2 is opened can flow into the gas guiding cavity 10. The cavity opening 101 is set at the first end 11, that is, the upper end of the protective structure 1. In this way, when the gas or even the flame flows out of the cavity opening 101 along the gas guiding cavity 10, it is discharged upward, reducing the possibility of damage to surrounding workers or equipment, such as cables and pipes.

[0055] It should be noted that the cross-sectional area of ​​the air guide cavity 10 gradually increases from the second end 12 to the first end 11 along the direction perpendicular to the first direction X. It can be a gradient increase or an irregular increase, as long as it can satisfy the requirement that the air guide cavity 10 forms a gradually expanding flow channel with a "larger at the top and smaller at the bottom" shape, so as to reduce airflow resistance and reduce the possibility of turbulence and pressure rebound caused by sudden expansion.

[0056] Understandably, the cross-sectional area of ​​the air guide cavity 10 along the first direction X is specifically the flow cross-sectional area of ​​the air guide cavity 10 in actual use.

[0057] like Figure 1 As shown, in some embodiments of this application, along the first direction X, the cross-sectional area of ​​the air guide cavity 10 at the first end 11 is the first cross-sectional area S1, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the air guide cavity 10 at the second end 12 is the second cross-sectional area S2, satisfying: 1.3≤S1 / S2≤2.

[0058] In this embodiment of the application, by setting the ratio S1 / S2 between the first cross-sectional area S1 and the second cross-sectional area S2 within a reasonable range, the explosion venting efficiency can be optimized and precise emission can be achieved; at the same time, the lateral scattering of gas and even flame is reduced, as well as the volume redundancy of the protective structure 1 and the situation of occupying too much space are reduced.

[0059] It needs to be explained that when the ratio of the first cross-sectional area S1 to the second cross-sectional area S2, S1 / S2, is less than 1.3, that is, when the first cross-sectional area S1 of the gas-conducting cavity 10 at the first end 11 is too small relative to the second cross-sectional area S2 of the gas-conducting cavity 10 at the second end 12, the gas and even flame are not fully discharged during the explosion, meaning the pressure release speed inside the protective device is too slow, which can easily cause damage to other weak structures of the protective device. On the other hand, when the ratio of the first cross-sectional area S1 to the second cross-sectional area S2, S1 / S2, is greater than 2, that is, when the first cross-sectional area S1 of the gas-conducting cavity 10 at the first end 11 is too large relative to the second cross-sectional area S2 of the gas-conducting cavity 10 at the second end 12, on the one hand, the flow rate of the gas and even the flame will drop sharply during the explosion, which may cause unburned gas to accumulate on the outside after the flame cools down, triggering a secondary explosion; on the other hand, as the debris ejected by the explosion gas is sprayed laterally, it will cause damage to the surrounding personnel or equipment; and on the other hand, it makes the protective structure 1 too large at the cavity opening 101, with redundant volume and occupying too much space.

[0060] In specific applications, the ratio S1 / S2 between the first cross-sectional area S1 and the second cross-sectional area S2 can be set to any value such as 1.3, 1.4, 1.5, 1.6, 1.7, 1.8, 1.9, 2, or a range between two arbitrary values.

[0061] like Figure 2 As shown, in some embodiments of this application, the protective structure 1 may also be provided with an arc transition at the second end 12, so as to facilitate the gas flow out during explosion venting and prevent backflow. In actual design, further numerical optimization can be performed through ANSYS Fluent or AutoReaGas simulation to achieve accurate explosion venting while improving explosion venting efficiency.

[0062] like Figure 3 As shown, in some embodiments of this application, the protective structure 1 further has a third direction Z, which is perpendicular to the first direction X and the second direction Y respectively; the protective structure 1 includes a first plate 13 and a second plate 14, the first plate 13 is disposed on both sides of the second plate 14 along the third direction Z, and the first plate 13 and the second plate 14 are connected to form an air guiding cavity 10; the first plate 13 and / or the second plate 14 are provided with a mounting part 15 on one side along the second direction Y, and the mounting part 15 is adapted to be connected to the explosion relief plate 2.

[0063] In this embodiment, the first plate 13 and the second plate 14 are connected to form a gas-guiding cavity 10, that is, the first plate 13 and the second plate 14 can form a stable cavity, ensuring the overall strength of the protective structure 1 and ensuring that the gas or even the flame during the explosion is discharged along a predetermined path; at the same time, the mounting part 15 provided on the side of the first plate 13 and / or the second plate 14 along the second direction Y can be easily installed and fixed with the explosion relief plate 2, ensuring the stability and reliability of the connection.

[0064] It should be noted that the third direction Z specifically refers to the width direction of the protective structure 1. In actual use, the third direction Z is also the length direction of the protective device.

[0065] In specific applications, two first plates 13 are provided, and the two first plates 13 are spaced apart on both sides of the second plate 14 along the third direction, thereby enclosing and forming the air guide cavity 10. The first plates 13 and the second plates 14 can be separate molded parts, for example, the two first plates 13 and the second plates 14 are connected and enclosed by welding, bolting or other means; or they can be integral molded parts, for example, stainless steel plates are processed by sheet metal to form an approximately "U-shaped" protective structure 1. It should be noted that the lower end of the second plate 14 is connected to the explosion relief plate 2, and the first plate 13 is connected to both sides of the explosion relief plate 2 along the third direction Z, thereby forming a semi-closed air guide cavity 10.

[0066] It should be explained that the first plate 13 and / or the second plate 14 are provided with a mounting part 15 on one side along the second direction Y, that is, on the side facing the explosion relief plate 2. Specifically, the mounting part 15 can be provided on the side of the first plate 13 facing the explosion relief plate 2, or it can be provided on the side of the second plate 14 facing the explosion relief plate 2, or both the first plate 13 and the second plate 14 can be provided with mounting parts 15 on the side facing the explosion relief plate 2. The mounting part 15 can be connected to the explosion relief plate 2 by bolting, welding, bonding, etc.

[0067] Understandably, in practical applications, the explosion relief plate 2 is connected to the side wall of the protective device by bolts. That is, bolt holes are provided at the edge of the explosion relief plate 2. Therefore, mounting holes (mounting parts 15) are provided at the corresponding positions of the bolt holes in the first plate 13 and the second plate 14. The protective structure 1, the explosion relief plate 2 and the side wall of the protective device are installed together by bolts, which facilitates installation and improves installation efficiency.

[0068] like Figure 3As shown, in some embodiments of this application, the second plate 14 includes a first sub-plate 141 and a second sub-plate 142. The first sub-plate 141 is connected to the first plate 13 along one side of the first direction X, and the second sub-plate 142 is connected to the first plate 13 along one side of the second direction Y. The first sub-plate 141, the second sub-plate 142 and the first plate 13 enclose an air guide cavity 10. Along the second direction Y, a mounting portion 15 is provided on the side of the first sub-plate 141 away from the second sub-plate 142.

[0069] In this embodiment, the first sub-plate 141 is connected to the two first plates 13 along one side of the first direction X, forming the second end 12 of the protective structure 1, which provides a certain space to accommodate gas or even flames after they have burst out of the explosion relief plate 2; the second sub-plate 142 is connected to the first plate 13 along one side of the second direction Y, so that the first sub-plate 141, the second sub-plate 142 and the first plate 13 enclose a gas guiding cavity 10, forming a stable cavity, which facilitates the outflow of gas or even flames; the first sub-plate 141 is provided with a mounting part 15 on the side away from the second sub-plate 142, which facilitates the installation of the first sub-plate 141 and the explosion relief plate 2.

[0070] In a specific application, two first plates 13 are spaced apart on both sides of the second sub-plate 142 along the third direction Z and are connected to the second sub-plate 142 to form a "U-shaped structure". The second sub-plate 142 and the first plates 13 can be welded, bolted, or bonded, and the second sub-plate 142 and the first plates 13 form a cavity 101 at the upper end. One end of the first sub-plate 141 is connected to the second sub-plate 142, specifically by welding, bolting, or bonding, and the other end of the first sub-plate 141 is connected to the lower edge of the explosion relief plate 2. Thus, the first sub-plate 141, the second sub-plate 142 and the first plate 13 enclose and form a gas guiding cavity 10. The first end 11 is located at the upper end of the first plate 13 and the second sub-plate 142, and the second end 12 is located at the first sub-plate 141.

[0071] It should be explained that the first sub-plate 141 and the second sub-plate 142 can be separate molded parts, for example, the first sub-plate 141 and the second sub-plate 142 are processed separately and then connected together by welding; or they can be integral molded parts, for example, a stainless steel plate is bent into the second plate 14 by sheet metal bending; those skilled in the art can make the settings according to actual needs, and this application does not limit them.

[0072] like Figure 4 As shown, in some embodiments of this application, the second sub-plate 142 forms an angle α with the first direction X, satisfying: 30°≤α≤45°.

[0073] In this embodiment of the application, by setting the angle α between the second sub-plate 142 and the first direction X within a reasonable range, the enclosed gas guide cavity 10 can form a "large at the top and small at the bottom" structure. At the same time, it will not cause the gas or even the flame discharged during the explosion to be sprayed laterally, reducing the possibility of damage to surrounding workers or equipment.

[0074] It should be explained that when the angle α between the second sub-plate 142 and the first direction X is less than 30°, that is, when the inclination of the second sub-plate 142 is too small, the pressure of the gas or even the flame on the second sub-plate 142 during the explosion will be too great, which is not conducive to the smooth discharge of the gas or even the flame during the explosion. On the other hand, when the angle α between the second sub-plate 142 and the first direction X is greater than 45°, that is, when the inclination of the second sub-plate 142 is too large, the gas or even the flame will be ejected laterally during the explosion, which may easily cause damage to the surrounding workers or equipment.

[0075] In specific applications, the included angle α between the second sub-plate 142 and the first direction X can be set to any value such as 30°, 32°, 34°, 36°, 38°, 40°, 42°, 45°, or a range between two arbitrary values.

[0076] Understandably, when the angle α between the second sub-plate 142 and the first direction X is within a reasonable range, that is, when the second sub-plate 142 is appropriately tilted relative to the first direction X, the gas guide cavity 10 can form a cavity that is "larger at the top and smaller at the bottom". This can ensure that the gas or even the flame is concentrated and sprayed upward during the explosion, while ensuring the structural stability of the protective structure 1.

[0077] like Figure 5 As shown, in some embodiments of this application, the first plate 13 and the second plate 14 are welded together.

[0078] In this embodiment of the application, the first plate 13 and the second plate 14 are welded together, thereby ensuring the airtightness of the gas guide cavity 10 formed by the first plate 13 and the second plate 14 in the area other than the cavity opening 101, so that the gas or even the flame during the explosion can flow along the gas guide cavity 10 and will not flow out from the gap between the first plate 13 and the second plate 14.

[0079] In specific applications, such as Figure 3 As shown, the second sub-plate 142 in the second plate 14 is bent on both sides along the third direction Z to form a welding area. The first plate 13 can be welded to the welding area of ​​the second sub-plate 142, which improves the reliability of the welding. At the same time, the first sub-plate 141 in the second plate 14 is welded to the bottom end of the first plate 13 on both sides along the third direction Z.

[0080] like Figure 5 As shown, in some embodiments of this application, the protective structure 1 further includes fasteners, and the first plate 13 and the second plate 14 are connected by fasteners.

[0081] In this embodiment, the first plate 13 and the second plate 14 are connected by fasteners, which facilitates installation.

[0082] In specific applications, the first plate 13 and the second plate 14 are connected by fasteners. In order to improve the sealing of the air guide cavity 10 except for the cavity opening 101, sealant can be applied at the connection between the first plate 13 and the second plate 14, thereby improving the sealing of the air guide cavity 10.

[0083] like Figure 5 As shown, in some embodiments of this application, the first plate 13 and the second plate 14 are integrally formed parts.

[0084] In this embodiment of the application, by setting the first plate 13 and the second plate 14 as an integrally formed part, it is convenient to process and can improve the sealing performance of the air guide cavity 10.

[0085] In specific applications, the first plate 13 and the second plate 14 are integrally formed parts, which can be formed by bending a single plate through sheet metal processing; of course, the first plate 13 and the second plate 14 can also be separate formed parts.

[0086] Understandably, the materials of the first plate 13 and the second plate 14 can be stainless steel, aluminum, aluminum alloy, steel, etc., as long as they can meet the structural strength requirements after the protective structure 1 is formed. Those skilled in the art can make the settings according to actual needs, and this application does not impose any restrictions on this.

[0087] like Figure 6 As shown, in some embodiments of this application, the second plate 14 further includes a transition member 143, which is disposed between the first sub-plate 141 and the second sub-plate 142. The transition member 143 extends in a Z-direction around the third direction to connect with the first sub-plate 141 and the second sub-plate 142 respectively. The transition member 143 is also connected to the first plate 13.

[0088] In this embodiment, a transition member 143 is provided between the first sub-plate 141 and the second sub-plate 142, extending in a Z-direction around the third direction. This causes the gas-guiding cavity 10 formed by the first plate 13, the first sub-plate 141, the second sub-plate 142, and the transition member 143 to form an "arc-shaped" cavity in the area of ​​the transition member 143. In this way, during explosion venting, the transition member 143 can disperse the concentrated impact force during explosion venting, avoiding direct impact of high-pressure gas or even flames on the transition member 143 and the second sub-plate 142, reducing local stress concentration, and lowering the risk of deformation or even rupture of the protective structure 1.

[0089] In practical applications, the transition piece 143 extends in a Z-curved direction around a third direction, that is, the transition piece 143 is "arc-shaped," which makes the gas guide cavity 10 form an arc-shaped gradual cavity in this area. This allows the gas and even the flame to flow more smoothly during explosion venting, reducing eddies and confluence phenomena and improving explosion venting efficiency. At the same time, when the explosion venting plate 2 breaks, the metal fragments generated impact the "arc-shaped surface (transition piece 143)," and their kinetic energy is partially absorbed and their flight direction is changed, reducing the risk of penetration into other parts of the protective structure 1. Compared with right-angle welding, the transition piece 143 is set as an "arc-shaped bend," which is more impact-resistant and less prone to cracking, thus improving the reliability of the protective structure 1.

[0090] Understandably, the radius of curvature of the transition piece 143 can be set according to actual needs. For example, when actually setting it for production, the design calculation can be performed through simulation first.

[0091] In specific applications, the side of the transition piece 143 facing the explosion relief plate 2 can also be coated with a fire extinguishing layer, thereby accelerating the extinguishing speed of the flames that flow out during explosion relief.

[0092] like Figure 6 As shown, in some embodiments of this application, the protective structure 1 has a first end 11 and a second end 12 opposite to each other along the first direction X, and a cavity 101 is provided at the first end 11; the second end 12 is provided with a drainage groove 121, which is connected to the air guide cavity 10.

[0093] In this embodiment of the application, by providing a drainage groove 121 at the second end 12 of the protective structure 1, the water that may be formed in the gas guiding chamber 10 can be discharged through the drainage groove 121, which improves the discharge efficiency of gas and even flame during explosion venting and reduces the impact of water that may be formed in the gas guiding chamber 10 on explosion venting.

[0094] In specific applications, the second end 12 is provided with a drainage groove 121, that is, the first sub-plate 141 is provided with a drainage groove 121, and the drainage groove 121 is connected to the gas venting chamber 10. Since the energy storage device may be placed outdoors, and the protective structure 1 has a normally open cavity 101, water is easily formed in the gas venting chamber 10 in rainy or snowy weather. The drainage groove 121 can drain the formed water from the gas venting chamber 10, reducing the impact of water accumulation on the gas flow during explosion venting.

[0095] Understandably, such as Figure 3 As shown, the drainage groove 121 can be configured as multiple through holes, which are arranged at intervals along the third direction Z; the drainage groove 121 can also be configured as a long through hole, that is, along the third direction Z, the through hole extends from one end of the first sub-plate 141 to the other end of the first sub-plate 141; of course, the drainage groove 121 can also be configured as other structural forms, as long as it can drain the water accumulated in the air guide cavity 10. Those skilled in the art can make the configuration according to actual needs, and this application does not limit it.

[0096] like Figure 6 As shown, in some embodiments of this application, the protective device further includes a water collecting component 3, which is located at the drainage trough 121 and connected to the protective structure 1; the water collecting component 3 has a water collecting cavity 31, which is connected to the drainage trough 121; the end of the water collecting component 3 away from the protective structure 1 has a water outlet 32, which is connected to the water collecting cavity 31.

[0097] In this embodiment of the application, a water collecting device 3 is provided at the drainage trough 121. The water collecting chamber 31 in the water collecting device 3 can collect the water flowing out of the drainage trough 121 from the gas guiding chamber 10, and at the same time discharge the water entering the water collecting chamber 31 from the water outlet 32. At the same time, the water collecting device 3 can prevent a small amount of gas from being discharged from the drainage trough 121 during the explosion, reducing the possibility of damage to surrounding workers or equipment.

[0098] In practical applications, the water collection component 3 can be connected to the first sub-plate 141 by welding. The water collection component 3 covers the drainage trough 121, so that the drainage trough 121 is connected to the water collection cavity 31 in the water collection component 3. Thus, when the explosion is vented, a small amount of gas will flow out of the drainage trough 121 and flow into the water collection cavity 31 instead of being directly discharged to the outside, thereby reducing damage to surrounding workers or equipment.

[0099] It should be noted that the outlet 32 ​​is located at the end of the water collecting component 3 away from the protective structure 1, so that the water accumulated in the water collecting cavity 31 can flow out from the outlet 32. Specifically, the outlet 32 ​​is located at the lower end of the water collecting component 3, and the outlet 32 ​​is located on the side plate of the water collecting component 3 facing the explosion relief plate 2. In this way, when the gas entering the water collecting cavity 31 during the explosion is released, it will be discharged towards the side wall of the energy storage device when it flows out from the outlet 32, reducing the possibility of injury to the workers.

[0100] Understandably, multiple water outlets 32 can be provided, with multiple water outlets 32 spaced apart along the third direction Z; or a single water outlet 32 ​​can be provided, with one water outlet 32 ​​extending from one end of the water collecting component 3 along the third direction Z to the other end of the water collecting component 3. Of course, water outlets 32 of other structural forms are also possible, as long as they can drain the water accumulated in the water collecting cavity 31 and reduce the possibility of gas escaping from the water outlet 32 ​​and injuring the workers. Those skilled in the art can make the settings according to actual needs, and this application does not limit them.

[0101] In some embodiments of this application, the tensile strength of the protective structure 1 is σ, which satisfies: 300MPa≤σ≤800MPa.

[0102] In this embodiment of the application, by setting the tensile strength σ of the protective structure 1 within a reasonable range, the integrity of the protective structure is ensured during explosion venting, and the risk of the protective structure 1 being ruptured by gas or even flame impact during explosion venting, resulting in fragmentation is reduced.

[0103] It needs to be explained that when the tensile strength σ of the protective structure 1 is less than 300 MPa, the tensile strength of the protective structure 1 is too small. During the explosion venting, the protective structure 1 may be torn apart by the impact of gas or even flame, making it impossible to change the flow of gas or even flame, and the resulting fragmentation may cause other damage. On the other hand, when the tensile strength σ of the protective structure 1 is greater than 800 MPa, the tensile strength of the protective structure 1 is too large, resulting in too much redundancy in the tensile strength σ of the protective structure 1, which leads to excessive material requirements and high costs for the protective structure 1.

[0104] In specific applications, the tensile strength σ of the protective structure 1 can be set to any value such as 300Mpa, 400Mpa, 500Mpa, 600Mpa, 700Mpa, 800Mpa, or a range between two arbitrary values.

[0105] In specific applications, the tensile strength σ of the protective structure 1 can be tested by static axial tensile testing on the material of the first plate 13 or the second plate 14; it can also be tested by dynamic impact tensile testing on the connection between the first plate 13 and the second plate 14; or it can be tested by transverse tensile testing on the welding strength between the first plate 13 and the second plate 14, or between the first sub-plate 141 and the second sub-plate 142. The above-mentioned static axial tensile testing, dynamic impact tensile testing and transverse tensile testing are all conventional tensile strength testing methods, and will not be described in detail here.

[0106] like Figure 7 As shown, in some embodiments of this application, an energy storage device is also proposed, including: a housing 4, an explosion relief plate 2, and a protective device as described in any of the above embodiments. The explosion relief plate 2 is disposed on the side wall 41 of the housing 4, and the protective structure 1 is disposed on the outer periphery of the explosion relief plate 2.

[0107] In this embodiment, the explosion relief plate 2 is disposed on the side wall 41 of the housing 4, and the protective structure 1 is disposed on the outer periphery of the explosion relief plate 2. When the explosion relief plate 2 explodes, gas or even flame will flow out from the explosion relief plate 2 along the second direction Y. At this time, since the gas guiding chamber 10 can communicate with the explosion relief plate 2, the gas or even flame can enter the gas guiding chamber 10 and then flow out from the cavity 101 disposed in the first direction X. This allows the gas or even flame that originally flowed out along the second direction Y to flow outward along the first direction X, reducing the possibility of gas or even flame causing harm to operators or equipment when flowing out along the second direction Y, and improving the safety of the energy storage device.

[0108] In specific applications, the energy storage device can be an energy storage container or an energy storage cabinet, etc. The explosion relief plate 2 can be installed on the side wall 41 of the container 4. The side wall 41 can be the side wall in the length direction or the side wall in the width direction of the container 4. Those skilled in the art can set it according to actual needs, and this application does not limit it.

[0109] Understandably, the protective structure 1 is installed around the outer periphery of the explosion relief plate 2. The protective structure 1 can be connected to the side wall 41 of the box 4 around the outer periphery of the explosion relief plate 2, or the protective structure 1 and the explosion relief plate 2 can be connected to the side wall 41 of the box 4 by bolts. Of course, other connection methods are also possible. As long as it can meet the requirement that all the gas or even flame flowing out from the explosion relief plate 2 enters the gas guiding chamber 10 in the protective structure 1 during explosion relief, those skilled in the art can set it according to actual needs. This application does not limit it in this regard.

[0110] like Figure 8As shown, in some embodiments of this application, along the first direction X, the distance between the protective structure 1 and the nearest edge of the sidewall 41 is H1, and the height of the sidewall 41 along the first direction X is H2, satisfying: 1 / 3≤H1 / H2≤1 / 2.

[0111] In this embodiment of the application, by setting the ratio H1 / H2 between the distance H1 between the protective structure 1 and the nearest edge of the side wall 41 and the height H2 of the side wall 41 along the first direction X to be within a reasonable range, the protective structure 1 can be installed at a reasonable height. Thus, when the explosion is vented, the gas or even the flame flowing out of the cavity 101 of the gas venting chamber 10 of the protective structure 1 is less likely to injure the surrounding workers, thereby improving the safety of the protective device.

[0112] It should be noted that the distance H1 between the protective structure 1 and the nearest edge of the side wall 41 along the first direction X specifically refers to the height between the protective structure 1 and the upper edge of the side wall 41. In actual measurement, the distance between the second end 12 of the protective structure 1 and the upper edge of the side wall 41 is measured using tools such as a ruler.

[0113] It should be explained that when the ratio H1 / H2 between the distance H1 between the protective structure 1 and the nearest edge of the side wall 41 and the height H2 of the side wall 41 along the first direction X is less than 1 / 3, it means that the protective structure 1 is installed too high, making it inconvenient to install the protective structure 1; while when the ratio H1 / H2 between the distance H1 between the protective structure 1 and the nearest edge of the side wall 41 and the height H2 of the side wall 41 along the first direction X is greater than 1 / 2, it means that the protective structure 1 is installed too low, and during explosion venting, the gas or even flame flowing out from the cavity 101 may easily injure the surrounding workers.

[0114] The ratio H1 / H2 between the distance H1 between the protective structure 1 and the nearest edge of the side wall 41 and the height H2 of the side wall 41 along the first direction X can be set to any value such as 1 / 3, 2 / 5, 1 / 2, or a range between two arbitrary values.

[0115] Understandably, in actual use, the side wall 41 of the protective structure 1 is generally 2.5m to 4.5m. If the installation position of the protective structure 1 is too low, that is, the position of the cavity 101 is too low, the gas or even the flame discharged during the explosion relief may easily cause injury to the surrounding workers.

[0116] like Figure 8 As shown, in some embodiments of this application, the bonding force between the protective structure 1 and the explosion relief plate 2 is F, along the second direction Y, and the orthogonal projected area of ​​the explosion relief plate 2 is S3, satisfying: 0.02 N / mm². 2 ≤F / S3≤30N / mm 2 .

[0117] In this embodiment, by setting the ratio F / S3 between the bonding force F between the protective structure 1 and the explosion relief plate 2 and the projected area S3 of the explosion relief plate 2 within a reasonable range, it is possible to reduce the possibility of the gas or even flame flowing out from the explosion relief plate 2 impacting and detaching the protective structure 1 during explosion venting, thus ensuring the connection stability and reliability of the protective structure 1.

[0118] It should be noted that, in actual use, the bonding force F between the protective structure 1 and the explosion relief plate 2 can specifically characterize the connection strength between the protective structure 1 and the explosion relief plate 2. In actual use, it may be specifically manifested as the welding strength between the protective structure 1 and the explosion relief plate 2, or the bolt preload between the protective structure 1 and the explosion relief plate 2.

[0119] It should be explained that when the bonding force F between the protective structure 1 and the explosion relief plate 2 is less than 0.02 N / mm², the ratio F / S3 is less than 0.02 N / mm². 2 When the bonding force F between the protective structure 1 and the explosion relief plate 2 is too small, the protective structure 1 cannot withstand the impact of the gas or even the flame during explosion relief, causing the protective structure 1 to detach and thus preventing accurate explosion relief. Conversely, when the ratio of the bonding force F between the protective structure 1 and the explosion relief plate 2 to the projected area S3 of the explosion relief plate 2 is F / S3 > 30 N / mm², the explosion relief plate 1 will detach. 2 When the force F between the protective structure 1 and the explosion relief plate 2 is too large, it becomes redundant. In actual use, this manifests as an excessive number of bolts, resulting in high costs and complex installation.

[0120] In practical applications, the ratio F / S3 between the bonding force F between the protective structure 1 and the explosion relief plate 2 and the projected area S3 of the explosion relief plate 2 can be specifically set as: 0.02 N / mm². 2 1N / mm 2 5N / mm 2 10N / mm 2 15N / mm 2 20N / mm 2 22N / mm 2 25N / mm 2 28N / mm 2 30N / mm 2 Any number or the range between two arbitrary numbers.

[0121] Understandably, the bonding force F between the protective structure 1 and the explosion relief plate 2, in actual use, refers to the connection strength between the protective structure 1 and the explosion relief plate 2. When the protective structure 1 is connected to the side wall 41, it can also refer to the bonding force between the protective structure 1 and the side wall 41. In actual use, the protective structure 1 is connected to the explosion relief plate 2 or the side wall 41 by bolts. Therefore, the bonding force F can be obtained by measuring the bolt preload and the number of bolts, and then calculating the product between the bolt preload and the number of bolts. In actual use, the bonding force F can be adjusted by designing the number of bolts, which helps to simplify the number of bolts and reduce costs.

[0122] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "illustrative embodiment," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of this application. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0123] Although embodiments of this application have been shown and described, those skilled in the art will understand that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of this application, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A protective device, characterized in that, include: The protective structure (1) has a first direction (X) and a second direction (Y) that are perpendicular to each other. The protective structure (1) is provided with a gas guiding cavity (10). The gas guiding cavity (10) is provided with an opening (101) on one side along the first direction (X). The protective structure (1) is adapted to cover the outer periphery of the explosion relief plate (2) along the second direction (Y). The gas guiding cavity (10) can communicate with the explosion relief plate (2) to guide the gas after the explosion relief plate (2) explodes out from the opening (101).

2. The protective device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The protective structure (1) has a first end (11) and a second end (12) opposite each other along the first direction (X). The cavity (101) is located at the first end (11). From the second end (12) to the first end (11), the cross-sectional area of ​​the air guide cavity (10) gradually increases along the direction perpendicular to the first direction (X).

3. The protective device according to claim 2, characterized in that, Along the direction perpendicular to the first direction (X), the cross-sectional area of ​​the air guide cavity (10) at the first end (11) is the first cross-sectional area S1, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the air guide cavity (10) at the second end (12) is the second cross-sectional area S2, satisfying: 1.3≤S1 / S2≤2.

4. The protective device according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The protective structure (1) also has a third direction (Z), which is perpendicular to the first direction (X) and the second direction (Y) respectively; The protective structure (1) includes a first plate (13) and a second plate (14). The first plate (13) is disposed on both sides of the second plate (14) along the third direction (Z). The first plate (13) and the second plate (14) are connected to enclose and form the air guide cavity (10). The first plate (13) and / or the second plate (14) are provided with a mounting part (15) on one side along the second direction (Y), and the mounting part (15) is adapted to be connected to the explosion relief plate (2).

5. The protective device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The second plate (14) includes a first sub-plate (141) and a second sub-plate (142). The first sub-plate (141) is connected to the first plate (13) along one side of the first direction (X), and the second sub-plate (142) is connected to the first plate (13) along one side of the second direction (Y). The first sub-plate (141), the second sub-plate (142) and the first plate (13) together form the air guide cavity (10). Along the second direction (Y), the mounting part (15) is provided on the side of the first sub-plate (141) away from the second sub-plate (142).

6. The protective device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The second sub-plate (142) forms an angle α with the first direction (X), satisfying: 30°≤α≤45°.

7. The protective device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The first plate (13) and the second plate (14) are welded together; And / or, the protective structure (1) further includes fasteners, through which the first plate (13) and the second plate (14) are connected.

8. The protective device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The first plate (13) and the second plate (14) are integrally formed parts.

9. The protective device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The second plate (14) further includes a transition member (143), which is disposed between the first sub-plate (141) and the second sub-plate (142). The transition member (143) extends in a Z-direction to be connected to the first sub-plate (141) and the second sub-plate (142) respectively. The transition member (143) is also connected to the first plate (13).

10. The protective device according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The protective structure (1) has a first end (11) and a second end (12) opposite to each other along the first direction (X), and the cavity (101) is provided at the first end (11); The second end (12) is provided with a drainage groove (121), which is connected to the air guide cavity (10).

11. The protective device according to claim 10, characterized in that, The protective device also includes a water collection component (3), which is located at the drainage trough (121) and connected to the protective structure (1); the water collection component (3) has a water collection cavity (31) which is connected to the drainage trough (121); the end of the water collection component (3) away from the protective structure (1) has a water outlet (32) which is connected to the water collection cavity (31).

12. The protective device according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The tensile strength of the protective structure (1) is σ, which satisfies: 300MPa≤σ≤800Mpa.

13. An energy storage device, characterized in that, include: The enclosure (4), the explosion relief plate (2), and the protective device as described in any one of claims 1-12, wherein the explosion relief plate (2) is disposed on the side wall (41) of the enclosure (4), and the protective structure (1) covers the outer periphery of the explosion relief plate (2).

14. The energy storage device according to claim 13, characterized in that, Along the first direction (X), the distance between the protective structure (1) and the nearest edge of the sidewall (41) is H1, and the height of the sidewall (41) along the first direction (X) is H2, satisfying: 1 / 3≤H1 / H2≤1 / 2.

15. The energy storage device according to claim 13, characterized in that, The bonding force between the protective structure (1) and the explosion relief plate (2) is F. Along the second direction (Y), the projected area of ​​the explosion relief plate (2) is S3, satisfying: 0.02 N / mm². 2 ≤F / S3≤30N / mm 2 .

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