Explosion-proof box and energy storage device

Abstract

The application provides an explosion-proof box and an energy storage device. The explosion-proof box is applied to the energy storage device, and the energy storage device is provided with an explosion-proof valve. The explosion-proof box comprises a box body, a panel and a directional exhaust structure. The box body comprises a battery compartment. The battery compartment is configured to be provided with the explosion-proof valve. The panel is located on one side of the box body provided with the explosion-proof valve and is spaced apart from the side. The directional exhaust structure is arranged between the panel and the box body. The directional exhaust structure is configured to be communicated with the explosion-proof valve when the explosion-proof valve is opened. The directional exhaust structure has an exhaust outlet and a fire-resistant heat insulation member. When viewed along the distribution direction of the panel and the box body, the panel is configured to cover at least the area for arranging the explosion-proof valve, the exhaust outlet is located outside the range of the battery compartment, and the part of the directional exhaust structure located in the range of the battery compartment is provided with the fire-resistant heat insulation member. The explosion-proof box and the energy storage device provided by the application can reduce the possibility of triggering thermal runaway of other battery cells when part of the battery cells is in thermal runaway.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of residential energy storage technology, and more particularly to an explosion-proof box and energy storage device. Background Technology

[0002] In residential energy storage devices, the battery compartment housing the battery pack typically uses a metal structure. Related technologies include explosion-proof valves within the battery compartment to vent and prevent explosions in the event of thermal runaway in the battery cells. However, considering factors such as protection and aesthetics, energy storage devices usually have panels to shield these valves. When thermal runaway occurs and gas is released, the flames or high-temperature gases emitted by the explosion-proof valves are obstructed by the panel and can spread along the outside of the battery compartment. This could potentially trigger thermal runaway in other cells within the battery compartment, leading to larger venting and flame combustion, and exacerbating the fire hazard. Utility Model Content

[0003] In view of this, this application provides an explosion-proof box and energy storage device, which helps to reduce the possibility of thermal runaway of other cells caused by thermal runaway of some cells.

[0004] One embodiment of this application provides an explosion-proof enclosure. The explosion-proof enclosure is applied to an energy storage device, which is equipped with an explosion-proof valve. The explosion-proof enclosure includes a body, a panel, and a directional venting structure. The body includes a battery compartment. The battery compartment is configured to house the explosion-proof valve. The panel is located on the side of the body where the explosion-proof valve is located and is spaced apart from that side. The directional venting structure is located between the panel and the body. The directional venting structure is configured to connect with the explosion-proof valve when it is open. The directional venting structure has an exhaust outlet and fire-resistant insulation. Viewed along the distribution direction of the panel and the body, the panel is configured to at least cover the area used for housing the explosion-proof valve, the exhaust outlet is outside the range of the battery compartment, and the directional venting structure has fire-resistant insulation at least in the portion within the battery compartment.

[0005] By incorporating a directional exhaust structure between the enclosure and the panel, the flow of flames, high-temperature gases, or combustible particles discharged from the explosion-proof valve in the event of thermal runaway of some battery cells can be guided. Guided by this directional exhaust structure, these substances are discharged outside the battery compartment via the exhaust outlet, preventing them from directly impacting the battery compartment and thus avoiding thermal runaway of other cells due to heat conduction within the battery compartment. This enhances the protective effect against further escalation of fires in energy storage devices. Furthermore, the directional exhaust structure is equipped with fire-resistant insulation components, which helps prevent damage to the battery compartment or overheating of it as it flows through the structure. This reduces the likelihood of other cells experiencing thermal runaway during the discharge of these substances, further improving the protective effect against further escalation of fires in energy storage devices.

[0006] In some embodiments of this application, the enclosure has a bottom mounting surface. When the explosion-proof enclosure is in use, the bottom mounting surface is configured to be located at the bottom of the enclosure and facing downwards along the direction of gravity. A directional exhaust structure extends in a direction opposite to the bottom mounting surface. Viewed along the distribution direction of the panel and the enclosure, the exhaust outlet is located outside the battery compartment in a direction opposite to the bottom mounting surface.

[0007] Flames, high-temperature gases, or combustible particles are hot and rise upwards. When the explosion-proof box is in use, the exhaust outlet is higher than the battery compartment in the direction of gravity. This causes the substances discharged from the explosion-proof valve to continue rising after exiting the exhaust outlet. This helps to prevent these substances from returning to the vicinity of the battery compartment and baking the battery compartment, reducing the possibility of thermal runaway of other cells and improving the protection against further spread of fire in energy storage equipment.

[0008] In some embodiments of this application, the housing further includes a power compartment. The power compartment is located on the side of the battery compartment opposite to the bottom mounting surface. Viewed along the distribution direction of the panel and the housing, the exhaust outlet is located within the power compartment.

[0009] When the explosion-proof box is in use, the power compartment is above the battery compartment. During the flow of the material discharged from the explosion-proof valve in the directional exhaust structure or after it is discharged from the exhaust outlet, some of the heat can be conducted to the power compartment. The power compartment absorbs some of the heat, reducing the temperature of the material discharged to the outside of the energy storage device. This helps to prevent the fire from spreading further or damaging other objects near the energy storage device.

[0010] In some embodiments of this application, the explosion-proof enclosure further includes a flow guide. The flow guide has an upper stop. Along a direction away from the bottom mounting surface, an exhaust outlet is located between the battery compartment and the upper stop, and the assembly of the enclosure, panel, and directional exhaust structure is spaced apart from the upper stop. The upper stop is configured to block the material discharged from the exhaust outlet.

[0011] By incorporating an upper stop on the flow guide, the material discharged from the exhaust outlet is prevented from continuing to move upwards during use of the explosion-proof enclosure. Instead, it is guided to move laterally, preventing damage to objects above the energy storage device, such as the ceiling of a building structure. Furthermore, the upper stop is spaced apart from the enclosure body, panels, and other structural elements to allow the exhaust material to continue flowing after its direction is adjusted, thus preventing accumulation and potential explosions.

[0012] In some embodiments of this application, the explosion-proof enclosure further includes heat dissipation fins. The heat dissipation fins are disposed in the power compartment. The heat dissipation fins are at least partially located within the directional exhaust structure. The heat dissipation fins have fin gaps. The fin gaps are configured to guide material within the directional exhaust structure toward the exhaust outlet.

[0013] The heat dissipation fins can help dissipate heat from the power compartment, and the material discharged from the exhaust valve will pass through the heat dissipation fins through the fin gaps as it flows towards the exhaust outlet. This helps to reduce the temperature of the material discharged from the exhaust valve before it exits the exhaust outlet, thus improving the protective effect against the further spread of fire in the energy storage equipment.

[0014] In some embodiments of this application, the enclosure has a side mounting surface. When the explosion-proof enclosure is in use, the side mounting surface is configured to face perpendicular to the direction of gravity. The side mounting surface is also constructed to allow for mounting to a building structure. The side of the battery compartment opposite to the side mounting surface is configured to house an explosion-proof valve.

[0015] By placing the explosion-proof valve on the side of the battery compartment away from the side assembly surface, the explosion-proof valve is kept away from building structures such as walls and columns. This helps to reduce the impact of the explosion-proof valve's discharge on the temperature changes of the building structure, thereby reducing damage to the building structure.

[0016] In some embodiments of this application, the explosion-proof enclosure further includes a flow guide. The flow guide has a side stop. An exhaust outlet is located between the panel and the side stop in a direction opposite to the side mounting surface. The side stop is connected to the enclosure body. The side stop is configured to block substances discharged from the exhaust outlet.

[0017] By setting the side stop of the flow guide, when the explosion-proof box is in use, it helps to prevent the material discharged from the exhaust outlet from flowing to the side assembly surface. On the one hand, this avoids damage to the building structure such as walls and columns, and on the other hand, it facilitates the rapid dissipation of the material discharged from the exhaust outlet, which helps to prevent accumulation and explosion.

[0018] In some embodiments of this application, the directional exhaust structure further includes a flame-arresting and cooling element. The flame-arresting and cooling element is located at the exhaust outlet. The flame-arresting and cooling element is configured to eliminate open flames emitted from the exhaust outlet or filter combustible particles emitted from the exhaust outlet.

[0019] By installing flame-retardant and cooling components, the possibility of combustion or explosion of substances discharged from the exhaust outlet can be reduced; and by eliminating open flames or filtering combustible particles, the high-temperature substances discharged from the exhaust outlet are reduced, thereby reducing the impact on the external ambient temperature of the energy storage equipment and improving the protective effect against further spread of fires in the energy storage equipment.

[0020] In some embodiments of this application, the directional exhaust structure further includes a fan. The fan is located at the exhaust outlet. The fan is configured to blow air outward from the directional exhaust structure.

[0021] By installing a fan, the substances discharged from the explosion-proof valve can be accelerated out of the exhaust port, which helps to prevent high-temperature substances from accumulating inside the energy storage device and causing an explosion. It also helps to accelerate the discharge of substances from the exhaust port away from the energy storage device, which helps to prevent high-temperature substances from accumulating outside the energy storage device and causing an explosion, thus improving the protective effect against the further spread of fire in the energy storage device.

[0022] In some embodiments of this application, the directional exhaust structure further includes a partition. The partition is sealed to the housing and panel to form a sealed guide cavity. The sealed guide cavity is configured to communicate with the explosion-proof valve when it is open. The partition includes a bottom partition and two side partitions. The bottom partition is configured to be located on the side of the explosion-proof valve away from the exhaust outlet along the distribution direction of the explosion-proof valve and the exhaust outlet. The two side partitions are spaced apart in a direction perpendicular to the distribution direction of the explosion-proof valve and the exhaust outlet. The two side partitions extend along the distribution direction of the explosion-proof valve and the exhaust outlet, and are respectively connected to the bottom partition. A communication point between the two side partitions and the sealed guide cavity and the explosion-proof valve is provided. The exhaust outlet communicates with the sealed guide cavity and the external environment of the explosion-proof housing. The fire-resistant insulation includes an aluminum silicate filler. The aluminum silicate filler fills the sealed guide cavity and has pores.

[0023] A sealed guiding cavity is created between the enclosure and the panel by setting a separator to guide the flow of the material discharged from the explosion-proof valve to a designated location before being discharged from the energy storage device, thus improving safety. Furthermore, materials such as aluminum silicate are filled into the sealed guiding cavity to absorb the heat from the material discharged from the exhaust valve, ensuring the safe discharge of the material from the energy storage device. This also helps prevent the material discharged from the exhaust valve from directly contacting the battery compartment, which could damage or overheat the battery compartment, thereby enhancing the protective effect against further escalation of a fire in the energy storage device.

[0024] In some embodiments of this application, the fire-resistant insulation component is constructed as a fire-resistant insulation board. The fire-resistant insulation board is laid between the enclosure and the panel. The fire-resistant insulation component encloses a sealed guide cavity. The sealed guide cavity is configured to communicate with the explosion-proof valve when the valve is open. The exhaust outlet communicates with the sealed guide cavity and the external environment of the explosion-proof enclosure.

[0025] A sealed guiding cavity is formed by enclosing the enclosure with fire-resistant insulation panels and placed between the housing and the panel. This guides the flow of substances discharged from the explosion-proof valve to a designated location before being discharged from the energy storage device, thus improving safety. Furthermore, the fire-resistant insulation panels absorb the heat from the substances discharged from the exhaust valve, ensuring their safe removal from the energy storage device. The panels also prevent the substances discharged from the exhaust valve from directly contacting the battery compartment, thus avoiding damage or overheating, and further enhancing the protection against the spread of fire within the energy storage device.

[0026] In some embodiments of this application, the directional exhaust structure further includes a support plate. The support plate is supported between the panel and the battery compartment. The support plate is configured to be located on at least one side of the explosion-proof valve in a direction perpendicular to the distribution direction of the explosion-proof valve and the exhaust outlet. The support plate is also configured to guide the material discharged into the directional exhaust structure by the explosion-proof valve toward the exhaust outlet.

[0027] A support plate is positioned near the explosion-proof valve to prevent damage to the valve from pressure on the panel or directional exhaust structure. Furthermore, the support plate guides the material discharged from the explosion-proof valve towards the exhaust outlet, helping to prevent the accumulation of high-temperature materials inside the energy storage device and the resulting explosion.

[0028] In some embodiments of this application, when viewed along the distribution direction of the panel and the housing, the directional exhaust structure is located within the area covered by the housing and within the area covered by the panel.

[0029] The directional exhaust structure can be hidden between the housing and the panel, reducing the possibility of direct impact damage to the directional exhaust structure and facilitating the protection of the directional exhaust mechanism by the housing and the panel.

[0030] One embodiment of this application provides an energy storage device. The energy storage device includes a battery pack, an explosion-proof valve, and an explosion-proof enclosure as described in any of the above embodiments. The battery pack is disposed within a battery compartment. The explosion-proof valve is disposed within the battery compartment. The explosion-proof valve is configured to connect the battery pack and a directional venting structure when opened.

[0031] By setting a directional exhaust structure between the enclosure and the panel, when some cells of the battery pack experience thermal runaway, the substances discharged by the explosion-proof valve can be guided to be discharged outside the battery compartment. This allows the high-temperature substances to act directly on the battery compartment, thereby preventing other cells from experiencing thermal runaway due to heat conduction from the battery compartment and improving the protection against further spread of fires in energy storage equipment. Attached Figure Description

[0032] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings in the embodiments will be briefly described below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of this application and should not be regarded as a limitation on the scope.

[0033] Figure 1 This application provides a structural schematic diagram of an energy storage device assembled into a building structure according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0034] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Explosion diagram of a medium-sized energy storage device;

[0035] Figure 3 for Figure 2 An exploded view showing the further disassembly of the various structures of the energy storage device;

[0036] Figure 4 for Figure 1 Schematic sectional view of section AA;

[0037] Figure 5 for Figure 1 An explosion diagram of another form of energy storage device.

[0038] Explanation of main component symbols

[0039] 100 - Explosion-proof box; 200 - Energy storage equipment; 300 - Building structure;

[0040] 10-Box body; 11-Battery compartment; 12-Power compartment; 13-Bottom mounting surface; 14-Side mounting surface; 20-Panel; 30-Directional exhaust structure; 31-Exhaust outlet; 32-Fire-resistant and heat-insulating component; 33-Flame-arresting and cooling component; 34-Fan; 35-Support plate; 36-Separator; 40-Heat dissipation fins; 41-Fin gap; 50-Flow guide; 51-Upper stop; 52-Side stop;

[0041] 321-Alumina silicate filler; 322-Fire-resistant insulation board; 361-Bottom partition; 362-Side partition; 201-Battery pack; 202-Power conversion module; 203-Explosion-proof valve; 301-Ground; 302-Wall; 303-Ceiling;

[0042] G - direction of gravity. Detailed Implementation

[0043] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments.

[0044] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art. The terminology used in this specification is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application.

[0045] In the description of this application, it should be noted that the terms "inner" and "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this application.

[0046] The term “and / or” as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the related listed items.

[0047] In residential energy storage devices, the battery compartment housing the battery pack typically uses a metal structure. Related technologies include explosion-proof valves within the battery compartment to vent and prevent explosions in the event of thermal runaway in the battery cells. However, considering factors such as valve protection and aesthetics, energy storage devices usually have panels to shield these valves. When thermal runaway occurs and venting occurs, the flames or high-temperature gases discharged from the explosion-proof valves, obstructed by the panel, can spread along the outside of the battery compartment, potentially triggering thermal runaway in other cells within the compartment. This could then lead to larger venting and flame combustion, exacerbating the fire hazard. Even if the battery compartment is made of plastic, the high-temperature substances discharged from the explosion-proof valves can still damage the compartment or trigger thermal runaway in other cells within it.

[0048] This application provides an explosion-proof enclosure. The explosion-proof enclosure is used in an energy storage device, which is equipped with an explosion-proof valve. The explosion-proof enclosure includes a body, a panel, and a directional venting structure. The body includes a battery compartment. The battery compartment is configured to house the explosion-proof valve. The panel is located on the side of the body where the explosion-proof valve is located and is spaced apart from that side. The directional venting structure is located between the panel and the body. The directional venting structure is configured to connect with the explosion-proof valve when it is open. The directional venting structure has an exhaust outlet and fire-resistant insulation. Viewed along the distribution direction of the panel and the body, the panel is configured to at least cover the area used for housing the explosion-proof valve, the exhaust outlet is outside the range of the battery compartment, and the directional venting structure has fire-resistant insulation at least in the portion within the battery compartment.

[0049] By incorporating a directional exhaust structure between the enclosure and the panel, the flow of flames, high-temperature gases, or combustible particles discharged from the explosion-proof valve in the event of thermal runaway of some battery cells can be guided. Guided by this directional exhaust structure, these substances are discharged outside the battery compartment via the exhaust outlet, preventing them from directly impacting the battery compartment and thus avoiding thermal runaway of other cells due to heat conduction within the battery compartment. This enhances the protective effect against further escalation of fires in energy storage devices. Furthermore, the directional exhaust structure is equipped with fire-resistant insulation components, which helps prevent damage to the battery compartment or overheating of it as it flows through the structure. This reduces the likelihood of other cells experiencing thermal runaway during the discharge of these substances, further improving the protective effect against further escalation of fires in energy storage devices.

[0050] The following detailed description of some embodiments of this application is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Unless otherwise specified, the following embodiments and features can be combined with each other.

[0051] See Figure 1 and Figure 2One embodiment of this application provides an explosion-proof enclosure 100 and an energy storage device 200. The explosion-proof enclosure 100 is applied to the energy storage device 200 and can serve as a protective shell structure for the energy storage device 200.

[0052] In some embodiments, the energy storage device 200 has the functions of storing and discharging electricity for use as backup power for homes, production units, outdoor work, outdoor recreation, etc.

[0053] See Figure 3 In some embodiments, the energy storage device 200 includes at least one battery pack 201 for storing electrical energy. Each battery pack 201 has multiple battery cells (not shown).

[0054] In some embodiments, the energy storage device 200 includes a power conversion module 202. The power conversion module 202 is electrically connected to the battery cells of the battery pack 201 and is used to control the AC / DC conversion of the output current of the battery cells. The energy storage device 200 equipped with the power conversion module 202 can be a small portable power bank, a residential energy storage power supply, an industrial or commercial energy storage power supply, or a containerized energy storage power supply, etc. As an exemplary example, the power conversion module 202 can be a DC / DC converter and / or a DC / AC converter.

[0055] In some embodiments, the power conversion module 202 may be omitted. An energy storage device 200 without a power conversion module 202 can be used independently. An energy storage device 200 without a power conversion module 202 typically only outputs DC power. When used independently, an energy storage device 200 without a power conversion module 202 can be used in conjunction with an energy storage device 200 with a power conversion module 202 as a power system providing additional battery capacity.

[0056] See Figure 2 and Figure 3 In some embodiments, the energy storage device 200 also includes an explosion-proof valve 203. The explosion-proof valve 203 is connected to the battery pack 201 to open and discharge substances released by the battery cells in the event of thermal runaway of the battery cells in the battery pack 201.

[0057] See Figures 1 to 3 In some embodiments, the energy storage device 200 also includes an explosion-proof enclosure 100. Structures such as the battery pack 201, power conversion module 202, and explosion-proof valve 203 can all be housed within the explosion-proof enclosure 100 for protection.

[0058] See Figure 2 and Figure 3 In some embodiments, the explosion-proof box 100 includes a box body 10. The box body 10 includes a battery compartment 11. The battery compartment 11 is configured to house a battery pack 201. A portion of the solid structure of the box body 10 encloses the battery compartment 11, which can be a sealed compartment covering the entire structure of the battery pack 201, or an open compartment covering a portion of the structure of the battery pack 201.

[0059] It is understood that in some embodiments, when there are multiple battery packs 201, the battery compartment 11 may have multiple compartments to accommodate different battery packs 201 respectively. In other embodiments, when there are multiple battery packs 201, the battery compartment 11 may also have only one compartment to directly accommodate all battery packs 201.

[0060] Understandably, in some embodiments, the explosion-proof valve 203 is located in the battery compartment 11 to facilitate communication with the battery pack 201. The explosion-proof valve 203 can be directly mounted on the physical structure of the battery compartment 11 or directly mounted on the battery pack 201.

[0061] In some embodiments, the housing 10 further includes a power compartment 12. The power compartment 12 is configured to house the power conversion module 202. A portion of the solid structure of the housing 10 encloses the power compartment 12, which can be a sealed compartment covering the complete structure of the power conversion module 202, or an open compartment covering a portion of the structure of the power conversion module 202.

[0062] See Figure 1 and Figure 2 In some embodiments, the explosion-proof enclosure 100 further includes a panel 20. The panel 20 is located on the side of the enclosure 10 where the explosion-proof valve 203 is located and is spaced apart from that side. The panel 20 can shield the explosion-proof valve 203 to protect it. As an exemplary example, the panel 20 can be a decorative panel or a control panel 20.

[0063] See Figures 2 to 4In some embodiments, the explosion-proof enclosure 100 further includes a directional exhaust structure 30. The directional exhaust structure 30 is disposed between the panel 20 and the enclosure 10. The directional exhaust structure 30 is configured such that when the explosion-proof valve 203 is open and connected, the battery pack 201 is connected to the directional exhaust structure 30 via the explosion-proof valve 203. The directional exhaust structure 30 has an exhaust outlet 31 and a fire-resistant insulation element 32. Viewed along the distribution direction of the panel 20 and the enclosure 10, the panel 20 is configured to at least cover the area for housing the explosion-proof valve 203, the exhaust outlet 31 is outside the range of the battery compartment 11, and the directional exhaust structure 30 is provided with a fire-resistant insulation element 32 at least in the portion within the battery compartment 11. Wherein, when the battery compartment 11 has multiple compartments respectively accommodating different battery packs 201, the exhaust outlet 31 is located outside the range of all compartments of the battery compartment 11.

[0064] By setting a directional exhaust structure 30 between the housing 10 and the panel 20, the flow of flames, high-temperature gases, or combustible particles discharged by the explosion-proof valve 203 in the event of thermal runaway of some battery cells can be guided. Under the guidance of the directional exhaust structure 30, the flames, high-temperature gases, or combustible particles are discharged outside the range of the battery compartment 11 through the exhaust outlet 31. This helps to prevent the flames, high-temperature gases, or combustible particles from directly acting on the battery compartment 11, thereby preventing other battery cells from experiencing thermal runaway due to heat conduction from the battery compartment 11, and improving the protective effect against further spread of fire in the energy storage device 200. The directional exhaust structure 30 is equipped with a fire-resistant heat insulation component 32, which helps to prevent flames, high-temperature gases, or combustible particles from damaging the battery compartment 11 or causing it to overheat when flowing through the directional exhaust structure 30 and passing through the battery compartment 11. This reduces the possibility of other battery cells experiencing thermal runaway during the discharge of flames, high-temperature gases, or combustible particles through the directional exhaust structure 30, and further improves the protective effect against further spread of fire in the energy storage device 200.

[0065] Understandably, in some embodiments, the panel 20 and the housing 10 are connected and together enclose an area for accommodating the battery pack 201 and / or the power conversion module 202. In other embodiments, the panel 20 may be independently installed or detached from the housing 10, with the housing 10 alone enclosing an area for accommodating the battery pack 201 and the power conversion module 202.

[0066] In some embodiments, the direction of gravity is defined as the true direction of gravity at the location of the explosion-proof enclosure 100 in its natural environment during use. Figures 1 to 5 The direction indicated by G in the diagram. For ease of reference, the direction of gravity will be referred to as "direction of gravity G" in the following text.

[0067] See Figure 1 and Figure 2In some embodiments, the enclosure 10 has a bottom mounting surface 13. When the explosion-proof enclosure 100 is in use, the bottom mounting surface 13 is configured to be located at the bottom of the enclosure 10 and facing downwards along the direction of gravity G. By providing the bottom mounting surface 13, it is convenient to fix the enclosure 10 to the ground 301 or other building structure 300, or to fix the bottom of the enclosure 10 to the position where the explosion-proof enclosure 100 is to be installed, thereby improving the positional stability of the enclosure 10. The bottom mounting surface 13 is set perpendicular to the direction of gravity G; "perpendicular" is an ideal state and does not actually represent an absolute 90° relationship, but allows for deviations such as ±10°. Furthermore, the bottom mounting surface 13 does not have to be an absolute plane, but can be approximately planar.

[0068] See Figures 2 to 4 In some embodiments, the directional exhaust structure 30 extends in a direction away from the bottom mounting surface 13. Viewed along the distribution direction of the panel 20 and the housing 10, the exhaust outlet 31 is located outside the range of the battery compartment 11 in a direction away from the bottom mounting surface 13. When the explosion-proof housing 100 is in use, the direction away from the bottom mounting surface 13 is opposite to the direction of gravity G.

[0069] Flames, high-temperature gases, or combustible particles are hot and will rise. When the explosion-proof box 100 is in use, the exhaust outlet 31 is higher than the battery compartment 11 in the direction of gravity G. This causes the substances discharged from the explosion-proof valve 203 to continue to rise after being discharged from the exhaust outlet 31. This helps to prevent these substances from returning to the vicinity of the battery compartment 11 and baking the battery compartment 11, reducing the possibility of thermal runaway of other cells and improving the protection effect of preventing the fire of the energy storage device 200 from spreading further.

[0070] See Figure 4 In some embodiments, when the enclosure 10 also includes a power compartment 12, the power compartment 12 is located on the side of the battery compartment 11 opposite to the bottom mounting surface 13. Viewed along the distribution direction of the panel 20 and the enclosure 10, the exhaust outlet 31 is located within the power compartment 12. When the explosion-proof enclosure 100 is in use, with the power compartment 12 above the battery compartment 11, some of the heat from the material discharged by the explosion-proof valve 203 can be conducted to the power compartment 12 during its flow within the directional exhaust structure 30 or after it is discharged from the exhaust outlet 31. The power compartment 12 absorbs some of the heat, reducing the temperature of the material discharged to the outside of the energy storage device 200, which helps prevent further fire spread or damage to other objects near the energy storage device 200.

[0071] It is understood that in some embodiments, the battery compartment 11 and power compartment 12 of the housing 10 can be different areas within the same housing structure, with the panel 20 located on one side of this housing structure. In other embodiments, the battery compartment 11 and power compartment 12 of the housing 10 can be relatively independent different housing structures, with the panel 20 located on one side of the combined battery compartment 11 and power compartment 12.

[0072] See Figure 2 and Figure 3 In some embodiments, the explosion-proof enclosure 100 further includes heat dissipation fins 40. The heat dissipation fins 40 are disposed in the power compartment 12. The heat dissipation fins 40 are configured to be thermally connected to the power conversion module 202. The heat dissipation fins 40 are at least partially located within the directional exhaust structure 30. The heat dissipation fins 40 have fin gaps 41. The fin gaps 41 are configured to guide material within the directional exhaust structure 30 towards the exhaust outlet 31. The heat dissipation fins 40 may be directly disposed on the solid structure of the power compartment 12 or directly disposed on the power conversion module 202. The fin gaps 41 are configured to extend in a direction away from the bottom mounting surface 13.

[0073] The heat dissipation fins 40 can help the power chamber 12 dissipate heat, and the material discharged from the exhaust valve will pass through the heat dissipation fins 40 through the fin gaps 41 when flowing towards the exhaust outlet 31. This helps to reduce the temperature of the material discharged from the exhaust valve before it is discharged from the exhaust outlet 31, thereby improving the protective effect against further spread of fire in the energy storage device 200.

[0074] It is understood that in some embodiments, the heat dissipation fins 40 have multiple layers of spaced fins, with fin gaps 41 formed between adjacent fins.

[0075] See Figures 2 to 4 In some embodiments, the enclosure 10 has a side mounting surface 14. When the explosion-proof enclosure 100 is in use, the side mounting surface 14 is configured to face perpendicular to the direction of gravity G. The side mounting surface 14 is also constructed to be mounted onto a building structure 300. By providing the side mounting surface 14, it is easier to fix the enclosure 10 to a wall 302, column, or other building structure 300, thus improving the positional stability of the enclosure 10. The side mounting surface 14 is set parallel to the direction of gravity G; "parallel" is an ideal state and does not actually represent an absolute 180° relationship, allowing for deviations such as ±10°. Furthermore, the side mounting surface 14 does not need to be an absolute plane; it can be approximately planar.

[0076] In some embodiments, the side of the battery compartment 11 opposite to the side mounting surface 14 is configured to house an explosion-proof valve 203. By using the side of the battery compartment 11 opposite to the side mounting surface 14 as the location for the explosion-proof valve 203, the explosion-proof valve 203 is kept away from the building structure 300 such as the wall 302 and columns. This helps to reduce the impact of the substances discharged by the explosion-proof valve 203 on the temperature changes of the building structure 300, thereby reducing damage to the building structure 300.

[0077] See Figure 1In some embodiments, the explosion-proof enclosure 100 also includes a flow deflector 50. The flow deflector 50 is configured to restrict the flow direction of material discharged from the exhaust outlet 31 to avoid damaging objects near the energy storage device 200.

[0078] As an example, the guide element 50 is made of mica plate or steel plate, or it can be made of other materials with good fire resistance and high temperature resistance.

[0079] See Figure 2 and Figure 4 In some embodiments, the flow guide 50 has an upper stop 51. An exhaust outlet 31 is located between the battery compartment 11 and the upper stop 51 along a direction opposite to the bottom mounting surface 13, and the assembly of the housing 10, panel 20, and directional exhaust structure 30 is spaced apart from the upper stop 51. The upper stop 51 is configured to block the material discharged from the exhaust outlet 31.

[0080] By setting the upper stop 51 of the flow guide 50, when the explosion-proof box 100 is in use, it helps to prevent the material discharged from the exhaust outlet 31 from continuing to move upward, and instead guides it to move laterally, thus avoiding damage to objects above the energy storage device 200, such as the ceiling 303 of the building structure 300. Furthermore, the upper stop 51 is spaced apart from the box body 10, panel 20, and other structures to allow the exhaust material discharged from the exhaust outlet 31 to continue flowing after its direction is adjusted, which helps to prevent accumulation and the potential for explosions.

[0081] In some embodiments, when the explosion-proof enclosure 100 is in use, the exhaust outlet 31 discharges material in the opposite direction of gravity G; along the direction in which the bottom mounting surface 13 faces (i.e., the direction of gravity G), the upper stop portion 51 can cover at least a portion of the directional exhaust structure 30 and at least cover the exhaust outlet 31. Therefore, the upper stop portion 51 can promptly stop the material discharged from the exhaust outlet 31 and promptly adjust the subsequent flow direction of the material discharged from the exhaust outlet 31.

[0082] In some embodiments, the guide member 50 has a side stop 52. An exhaust outlet 31 is located between the panel 20 and the side stop 52 in a direction opposite to the side mounting surface 14. The side stop 52 is connected to the housing 10. The side stop 52 is configured to block the material discharged from the exhaust outlet 31.

[0083] By setting the side stop 52 of the flow guide 50, when the explosion-proof box 100 is in use, it is beneficial to prevent the material discharged from the exhaust outlet 31 from flowing to the side assembly surface 14. On the one hand, it avoids damage to the building structure 300 such as the wall 302 and column, and on the other hand, it facilitates the rapid dissipation of the material discharged from the exhaust outlet 31, which helps to prevent accumulation and explosion.

[0084] In some embodiments, the connection between the side stop 52 and the housing 10 is sealed, which helps to prevent substances discharged from the exhaust outlet 31 from passing through the gap between the side stop 52 and the housing 10, thereby improving the flow guiding effect.

[0085] In some embodiments, the side stop 52 is directly connected to the outer wall of the housing 10. In other embodiments, the side stop 52 may also be directly connected to the power compartment 12.

[0086] As an example, the upper stop 51 and the side stop 52 of the guide member 50 can be roughly shaped as a bent "L" shaped plate.

[0087] See Figure 4 In some embodiments, the directional exhaust structure 30 also includes a flame-arresting and cooling element 33. The flame-arresting and cooling element 33 is disposed at the exhaust outlet 31. The flame-arresting and cooling element 33 is configured to eliminate open flames discharged from the exhaust outlet 31 or filter combustible particles discharged from the exhaust outlet 31.

[0088] By setting up the flame-arresting and cooling component 33, the possibility of combustion or explosion of the substances discharged from the exhaust outlet 31 is reduced; and by eliminating open flames or filtering combustible particles, the high-temperature substances discharged from the exhaust outlet 31 are reduced, thereby reducing the impact on the external ambient temperature of the energy storage device 200 and improving the protective effect against further spread of fire in the energy storage device 200.

[0089] As an example, the flame arrestor and cooling component 33 can be a flame arrester. The flame arrester has a filter element with a large number of fine filter pores, which can filter combustible particles and also divide the flame into several small flames, enhance heat transfer, and reduce the flame temperature below the ignition point to extinguish the fire.

[0090] In some embodiments, the directional exhaust structure 30 further includes a fan 34. The fan 34 is located at the exhaust outlet 31. The fan 34 is configured to blow air out of the directional exhaust structure 30.

[0091] By setting up fan 34, the material discharged from explosion-proof valve 203 can be accelerated to be discharged from exhaust outlet 31, which helps to prevent high-temperature material from accumulating inside the energy storage device 200 and exploding. It also accelerates the material discharged from exhaust outlet 31 away from the energy storage device 200, which helps to prevent high-temperature material from accumulating outside the energy storage device 200 at exhaust outlet 31 and exploding, thus improving the protective effect of preventing the fire in the energy storage device 200 from spreading further.

[0092] It is understood that in some embodiments, when the energy storage device 200 is provided with heat dissipation fins 40, the fan 34 can be used to enhance the heat dissipation effect of the heat dissipation fins 40.

[0093] In some embodiments, when the directional exhaust structure 30 discharges substances to the outside, the high-temperature substances first pass through the flame arrester and then through the fan 34, so as to avoid damage to the fan 34 by open flames or combustible particles, which helps to increase the working time of the fan 34.

[0094] See Figure 2 and Figure 3 In some embodiments, the directional venting structure 30 further includes a support plate 35. The support plate 35 is supported between the panel 20 and the battery compartment 11. The support plate 35 is configured to be located on at least one side of the explosion-proof valve 203, perpendicular to the distribution direction of the explosion-proof valve 203 and the vent outlet 31. The support plate 35 is also configured to guide the material discharged from the explosion-proof valve 203 into the directional venting structure 30 toward the vent outlet 31. The support plate 35 can be directly mounted on the solid structure of the battery compartment 11 or directly mounted on the battery pack 201. The support plate 35 is configured to extend in a direction away from the bottom mounting surface 13.

[0095] The support plate 35 is positioned near the explosion-proof valve 203 to prevent damage to the explosion-proof valve 203 from the panel 20 or part of the directional exhaust structure 30. Furthermore, the support plate 35 guides the material discharged from the explosion-proof valve 203 towards the exhaust outlet 31, which helps prevent the accumulation of high-temperature materials inside the energy storage device 200, thus avoiding an explosion.

[0096] See Figure 2 and Figure 4 In some embodiments, when viewed along the distribution direction of panel 20 and housing 10, directional exhaust structure 30 is located within the area covered by housing 10 and within the area covered by panel 20.

[0097] The directional exhaust structure 30 can be hidden between the housing 10 and the panel 20, reducing the possibility of the directional exhaust structure 30 being directly damaged, and making it easier for the directional exhaust mechanism to be protected by the housing 10 and the panel 20.

[0098] See Figure 2 and Figure 3 In some embodiments, the directional exhaust structure 30 also includes a separator 36. The separator 36 is sealed to the housing 10 and the panel 20 to form a sealed guide cavity. The sealed guide cavity is configured to communicate with the explosion-proof valve 203 when the valve is open. The exhaust outlet 31 communicates with the sealed guide cavity and the external environment of the explosion-proof housing 100. The fire-resistant insulation component 32 includes an aluminum silicate filler 321. The aluminum silicate filler 321 fills the sealed guide cavity and has pores. The separator 36 can be directly mounted on the solid structure of the battery compartment 11 or directly mounted on the battery pack 201.

[0099] A sealed guide cavity is constructed between the housing 10 and the panel 20 by setting a separator 36 to guide the flow of the material discharged by the explosion-proof valve 203 to a set position before being discharged from the energy storage device 200, thereby improving safety. Furthermore, the sealed guide cavity is filled with materials such as aluminum silicate filler 321 to absorb the heat of the material discharged by the exhaust valve, ensuring the safe discharge of the material from the exhaust valve outside the energy storage device 200. This also helps prevent the material discharged by the exhaust valve from directly contacting the battery compartment 11, which could damage or overheat the battery compartment 11, thus enhancing the protective effect against further spread of fire in the energy storage device 200.

[0100] As an exemplary example, the fire-resistant insulation component 32 may also include mica filler, glass fiber filler, Teflon filler, etc., all of which have voids. The material of the separator 36 includes one or more of aluminum silicate, mica, glass fiber, Teflon, etc.

[0101] In some embodiments, the separator 36 includes a bottom separator 361 and two side separators 362. The bottom separator 361 is configured to be located on the side of the explosion-proof valve 203 away from the exhaust outlet 31 along the distribution direction of the explosion-proof valve 203 and the exhaust outlet 31, that is, the explosion-proof valve 203 is located between the bottom separator 361 and the exhaust outlet 31 along the orientation (gravity direction G) of the bottom mounting surface 13. The bottom separator 361 prevents the material discharged from the explosion-proof valve 203 from flowing away from the exhaust outlet 31. The two side separators 362 are spaced apart along a direction perpendicular to the distribution direction of the explosion-proof valve 203 and the exhaust outlet 31, and a connection between the two side separators 362 and a sealing guide cavity is configured, that is, the explosion-proof valve 203 is located between the two side separators 362 along a direction perpendicular to the orientation (gravity direction G) of the bottom mounting surface 13. Two side partitions 362 extend along the distribution directions of the explosion-proof valve 203 and the exhaust outlet 31, respectively, and are connected to the bottom partition 361. The two side partitions 362 extend from the bottom partition 361 toward the exhaust outlet 31 in a direction away from the bottom mounting surface 13, thereby guiding the material discharged by the explosion-proof valve 203 toward the exhaust outlet 31.

[0102] As an example, the bottom partition 361 and the side partition 362 are connected so that the partition 36 is generally U-shaped to constrain the material discharged from the explosion-proof valve 203 and guide the high-temperature material to flow to the exhaust outlet 31.

[0103] See Figure 5In some embodiments, the fire-resistant insulation component 32 is configured as a fire-resistant insulation board 322. The fire-resistant insulation board 322 is laid between the housing 10 and the panel 20. The fire-resistant insulation component 32 surrounds and forms a sealed guide cavity. The sealed guide cavity is configured to communicate with the explosion-proof valve 203 when the explosion-proof valve 203 is opened. The exhaust outlet 31 communicates with the sealed guide cavity and the external environment of the explosion-proof housing 100. The fire-resistant insulation board 322 can be directly installed on the solid structure of the battery compartment 11 or directly installed on the battery pack 201.

[0104] A sealed guiding cavity is formed by fire-resistant heat-insulating plate 322 and is placed between the housing 10 and the panel 20 to guide the flow of the material discharged by the explosion-proof valve 203 to a set position before being discharged from the energy storage device 200, thereby improving safety. Furthermore, the fire-resistant heat-insulating plate 322 can absorb the heat of the material discharged by the exhaust valve, ensuring the safe discharge of the material from the exhaust valve outside the energy storage device 200. The fire-resistant heat-insulating plate 322 also prevents the material discharged by the exhaust valve from directly contacting the battery compartment 11, thus avoiding damage to the battery compartment 11 or causing it to overheat, and enhancing the protective effect against further spread of fire in the energy storage device 200.

[0105] Understandably, in some embodiments, the fire-resistant insulation board 322 is provided with an opening to allow the explosion-proof valve 203 and the sealed guide cavity of the fire-resistant insulation board 322 to communicate.

[0106] As an example, the materials of fire-resistant insulation board 322 include one or more of aluminum silicate, mica, glass fiber, Teflon, etc.

[0107] See Figure 2 and Figure 5 In some embodiments, Figure 2 and Figure 5 The difference between the explosion-proof box 100 shown is that the structure of the fire-resistant insulation component 32 is different and the structure forming the sealed guide cavity is different.

[0108] See Figure 2 and Figure 4 In some embodiments, when the explosion-proof box 100 is provided with heat dissipation fins 40, the sealing guide cavity is connected to the fin gap 41 of the heat dissipation fins 40, and the sealing guide cavity is connected to the exhaust outlet 31 through the fin gap 41.

[0109] Furthermore, those skilled in the art should recognize that the above embodiments are merely illustrative of this application and are not intended to limit this application. Any appropriate changes and variations made to the above embodiments within the essential spirit and scope of this application fall within the scope of this application's disclosure.

Claims

1. An explosion-proof enclosure for use in energy storage equipment, wherein the energy storage equipment is equipped with an explosion-proof valve, characterized in that, The explosion-proof box includes: The enclosure includes a battery compartment, which is configured to house the explosion-proof valve. The panel is located on the side of the enclosure where the explosion-proof valve is located and is spaced apart from that side; A directional exhaust structure is disposed between the panel and the housing. The directional exhaust structure is configured to communicate with the explosion-proof valve when the explosion-proof valve is opened. The directional exhaust structure has an exhaust outlet and a fire-resistant heat insulation component. Viewed along the distribution direction of the panel and the housing, the panel is configured to at least cover the area for installing the explosion-proof valve, the exhaust outlet is outside the range of the battery compartment, and the directional exhaust structure is provided with the fire-resistant insulation at least in the portion within the range of the battery compartment.

2. The explosion-proof box according to claim 1, characterized in that, The enclosure has a bottom mounting surface, which is configured to be located at the bottom of the enclosure and facing downwards along the direction of gravity when the explosion-proof enclosure is in use. The directional exhaust structure extends in a direction away from the bottom mounting surface. When viewed along the distribution direction of the panel and the housing, the exhaust outlet is located outside the range of the battery compartment in a direction away from the bottom mounting surface.

3. The explosion-proof box according to claim 2, characterized in that, The enclosure also includes a power compartment, which is located on the side of the battery compartment away from the bottom mounting surface. When viewed along the distribution direction of the panel and the enclosure, the exhaust outlet is located within the range of the power compartment.

4. The explosion-proof box according to claim 2, characterized in that, The explosion-proof box also includes a flow guide, which has an upper stop portion. Along the direction away from the bottom mounting surface, the exhaust outlet is located between the battery compartment and the upper stop portion. The combination of the box body, the panel and the directional exhaust structure is spaced apart from the upper stop portion. The upper stop portion is configured to block the substance discharged from the exhaust outlet.

5. The explosion-proof box according to claim 2, characterized in that, The explosion-proof enclosure also includes heat dissipation fins, which are disposed in the power compartment. The heat dissipation fins are at least partially located within the directional exhaust structure. The heat dissipation fins have fin gaps that are configured to guide the material within the directional exhaust structure toward the exhaust outlet.

6. The explosion-proof box according to claim 1, characterized in that, The enclosure has a side mounting surface, which is configured to face perpendicular to the direction of gravity when the explosion-proof enclosure is in use, and is constructed to be assembled to a building structure. The side of the battery compartment opposite to the side mounting surface is configured to house the explosion-proof valve.

7. The explosion-proof box according to claim 6, characterized in that, The explosion-proof enclosure also includes a flow guide, which has a side stop portion. Along the direction away from the side mounting surface, the exhaust outlet is located between the panel and the side stop portion, and the side stop portion is connected to the enclosure body. The side stop portion is configured to block the substance discharged from the exhaust outlet.

8. The explosion-proof box according to claim 1, characterized in that, The directional exhaust structure also includes a flame-arresting and cooling component, which is disposed at the exhaust outlet and is configured to eliminate open flames discharged from the exhaust outlet or filter combustible particles discharged from the exhaust outlet.

9. The explosion-proof box according to claim 1, characterized in that, The directional exhaust structure also includes a fan located at the exhaust outlet and configured to blow air outward from the directional exhaust structure.

10. The explosion-proof box according to claim 1, characterized in that, The directional exhaust structure also includes a partition, which is sealed to the housing and the panel to form a sealed guide cavity. The sealed guide cavity is configured to communicate with the explosion-proof valve when the explosion-proof valve is opened. The partition includes a bottom partition and two side partitions. The bottom partition is configured to be located on the side of the explosion-proof valve away from the exhaust outlet along the distribution direction of the explosion-proof valve and the exhaust outlet. The two side partitions are spaced apart along a direction perpendicular to the distribution direction of the explosion-proof valve and the exhaust outlet. The two side partitions extend along the distribution direction of the explosion-proof valve and the exhaust outlet and are respectively connected to the bottom partition. A communication point between the two side partitions is provided between the sealed guide cavity and the explosion-proof valve. The exhaust outlet communicates with the sealed guide cavity and the external environment of the explosion-proof housing. The fire-resistant insulation includes aluminum silicate filler, which fills the sealed guide cavity and has pores.

11. The explosion-proof box according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fire-resistant insulation component is constructed as a fire-resistant insulation board, which is laid between the box body and the panel. The fire-resistant insulation component surrounds and forms a sealed guide cavity, which is configured to communicate with the explosion-proof valve when the explosion-proof valve is opened. The exhaust outlet communicates with the sealed guide cavity and the external environment of the explosion-proof box.

12. The explosion-proof box according to claim 1, characterized in that, The directional exhaust structure also has a support plate supported between the panel and the battery compartment. Along a direction perpendicular to the distribution direction of the explosion-proof valve and the exhaust outlet, the support plate is configured to be located on at least one side of the explosion-proof valve and to guide the material discharged by the explosion-proof valve into the directional exhaust structure toward the exhaust outlet.

13. The explosion-proof box according to claim 1, characterized in that, Viewed along the distribution direction of the panel and the housing, the directional exhaust structure is located within the area covered by the housing and within the area covered by the panel.

14. An energy storage device, characterized in that, The device includes a battery pack, an explosion-proof valve, and an explosion-proof enclosure as described in any one of claims 1 to 13, wherein the battery pack is disposed within the battery compartment, the explosion-proof valve is disposed within the battery compartment, and the explosion-proof valve is configured to connect the battery pack and the directional venting structure when opened.

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