Solute replacement system, peritoneal dialysis apparatus and medical emergency apparatus

Abstract

This application discloses a solute exchange system, peritoneal dialysis device, and medical emergency device, comprising: an interface tubing, one end of which is connected to a human body, including a first channel for discharging waste fluid from the human body and a second channel for inleting fresh fluid into the human body; a circulation exchange tubing, connected to the other end of the interface tubing, including an inlet tubing connected to the first channel to receive the waste fluid, a fresh fluid tubing connected to the second channel to output the fresh fluid, and an irrigation device connected in series between the inlet tubing and the fresh fluid tubing, wherein the irrigation device receives the waste fluid to remove toxins and then outputs it to the fresh fluid tubing; a driving device, disposed in the interface tubing or the circulation exchange tubing, for driving the flow of the waste fluid and fresh fluid; and a control device for executing a CFPD treatment mode to control the driving device to drive the continuous flow of the waste fluid and fresh fluid.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of medical device technology, specifically to a solute exchange system, peritoneal dialysis equipment, and medical emergency equipment. Background Technology

[0002] Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common complication in critically ill patients. Factors such as fluid loss, burns, crush syndrome, trauma, or sepsis can all trigger AKI. Treatment for AKI usually requires continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) in the ICU. However, in special scenarios (such as dehydration, earthquakes, wartime, or large-scale outbreaks of patients) or in special populations (such as infants, patients with blood loss, or patients with difficulty in anticoagulation), the conditions for CRRT are often difficult to meet, or CRRT cannot be performed in a timely manner. This leads to delayed treatment, resulting in significant kidney failure and death.

[0003] Early kidney injury (early AKI) is characterized by its insidious nature and rapid progression. For example, in patients with extensive trauma or infection who are in the early stage of kidney injury (early AKI), that is, when they have not yet shown symptoms of kidney damage, "preventive" dialysis treatment can significantly reduce the incidence and mortality of AKI. However, the treatment methods currently used in hospitals, such as CRRT or conventional hemodialysis, have the disadvantages of being cumbersome and complex to operate, and therefore cannot be applied to medical emergency, let alone to special medical emergency scenarios (such as medical emergency in special scenarios such as water shortage, earthquake, wartime, or a large number of patients in a concentrated outbreak).

[0004] Peritoneal dialysis (PD) is characterized by its simplicity and ease of implementation. However, due to the lack of dedicated PD equipment and consumables for AKI treatment, and the fact that existing PD equipment requires large amounts of dialysis fluid and has low dialysis efficiency, it is difficult to apply in emergency medical situations. For example, existing PD methods rely on gravity to fill the peritoneal cavity with dialysis fluid, retain it for a period of time, drain the waste dialysis fluid, and then infuse fresh dialysis fluid. This treatment method not only consumes a large amount of dialysis fluid, increasing treatment costs, but also causes the concentration of toxins in the dialysis fluid to gradually increase over time, leading to a gradual decrease in dialysis efficiency, making it unsuitable for emergency medical situations.

[0005] Therefore, how to efficiently and quickly remove toxins from the body through peritoneal dialysis in emergency medical care without increasing the amount of dialysis fluid used to treat or prevent AKI is a technical problem that urgently needs to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of the shortcomings of the above-mentioned related technologies, the purpose of this application is to provide a solute exchange system, peritoneal dialysis equipment and medical emergency equipment to overcome the technical problem in the above-mentioned related technologies of how to efficiently and quickly remove toxins from the body through peritoneal dialysis in order to treat or prevent AKI without increasing the amount of dialysis fluid used in medical emergency.

[0007] To achieve the above and other related objectives, the first aspect of this application provides a solute replacement system, comprising: an interface pipeline, one end of which is connected to a human body, including a first channel for discharging waste liquid from the human body and a second channel for introducing new liquid toward the human body;

[0008] A circulation replacement pipeline, connected to the other end of the interface pipeline, includes an inlet pipeline connected to the first channel to receive the waste liquid, a new liquid pipeline connected to the second channel to output the new liquid, and an irrigation device connected in series between the inlet pipeline and the new liquid pipeline. The irrigation device receives the waste liquid, removes toxins from it, and outputs it to the new liquid pipeline. A drive device, disposed in the interface pipeline or the circulation replacement pipeline, is used to drive the flow of the waste liquid and the new liquid. A control device is used to execute the CFPD treatment mode to control the drive device to drive the continuous flow of the waste liquid and the new liquid.

[0009] In some examples of the first aspect, the interface conduit is configured as a double-lumen conduit, wherein the first channel corresponds to the first lumen of the double-lumen conduit and the second channel corresponds to the second lumen of the double-lumen conduit.

[0010] In some examples of the first aspect, the interface conduit includes a first conduit and a second conduit, the inner lumen of the first conduit corresponding to the first channel, and the inner lumen of the second conduit corresponding to the second channel.

[0011] In some examples of the first aspect, the irrigation device includes a single irrigation device, multiple irrigation devices connected in series, multiple irrigation devices connected in parallel, or multiple irrigation devices connected in a combination of series and parallel.

[0012] In some examples of the first aspect, the perfusion device comprises an adsorption layer including a single adsorbent material or a mixture of multiple adsorbent materials, or the perfusion device is layered with multiple adsorbent materials to form multiple adsorption layers.

[0013] In some examples of the first aspect, the perfusion device is layered with activated carbon and anion exchange material to form an activated carbon adsorption layer and an anion exchange material adsorption layer; or it is layered with activated carbon and cation exchange material to form an activated carbon adsorption layer and a cation exchange material adsorption layer; or it is layered with activated carbon, anion exchange material, and cation exchange material to form an activated carbon adsorption layer, anion exchange material adsorption layer, and cation exchange material adsorption layer.

[0014] In some examples of the first aspect, a replenishment branch for supplying replenishment fluid to the circulation displacement pipeline is provided downstream of the irrigation device.

[0015] In some examples of the first aspect, the replenishment fluid branch is provided with a container for storing replenishment fluid and a replenishment fluid pump for delivering the replenishment fluid in the container to the new fluid line.

[0016] In some examples of the first aspect, a Venturi tube is disposed downstream of the perfusion device, and the replenishment fluid branch is connected to the Venturi tube so that the replenishment fluid is delivered to the circulation displacement pipeline via the Venturi effect.

[0017] In some examples of the first aspect, a one-way valve is provided on the replenishment branch to open under the Venturi effect to allow the replenishment to be delivered to the circulation displacement line.

[0018] In some examples of the first aspect, the drive device includes a drive fluid pump configured on the interface line or the circulation displacement line.

[0019] In some examples of the first aspect, the drive device includes a first liquid pump disposed on the inlet line and a second liquid pump disposed on the new liquid line, for changing the total liquid equilibrium volume of the solute displacement system by means of the differential speed of the first liquid pump and the second liquid pump.

[0020] A second aspect of this application provides a peritoneal dialysis device, comprising: a solute exchange system as disclosed in any example of the first aspect of this application.

[0021] A third aspect of this application provides a medical emergency device, comprising: a solute displacement system as disclosed in any example of the first aspect of this application.

[0022] In summary, the solute exchange system, peritoneal dialysis equipment, and medical emergency equipment disclosed in this application, through a control device executing the CFPD treatment mode, control the drive device to drive waste fluid from the human peritoneal cavity through the interface tubing and input it into the perfusion device through the inlet tubing. After the perfusion device removes toxins from the waste fluid, it forms fresh fluid. The drive device drives the fresh fluid to input it into the human peritoneal cavity through the fresh fluid tubing and the interface tubing. In this way, fresh fluid can be continuously input into the human peritoneal cavity without increasing the amount of dialysis fluid used, ensuring the efficiency of toxin removal and eliminating the need to replace the bagged dialysis fluid. This achieves efficient and rapid removal of toxins from the body through peritoneal dialysis in medical emergency situations, especially in special scenarios, without increasing the amount of dialysis fluid used, in order to prevent / avoid patients from developing AKI or renal / hepatic failure, or to avoid further burdening the kidneys in the event of AKI or renal / hepatic failure. Attached Figure Description

[0023] The specific features involved in this application are shown in the appended claims. A better understanding of the features and advantages of the invention can be achieved by referring to the exemplary embodiments and accompanying drawings described in detail below. A brief description of the drawings is as follows:

[0024] Figure 1 The diagram shown is a schematic representation of the solute displacement system in one embodiment of this application.

[0025] Figures 2 to 4 The diagrams shown are schematic representations of the cavities of the double-lumen catheters in different embodiments of this application.

[0026] Figure 5 The diagram shown is a schematic representation of a solute displacement system in another embodiment of this application.

[0027] Figure 6 The diagram shown is a structural schematic of an irrigation device according to one embodiment of this application.

[0028] Figure 7 The diagram shown is a structural schematic of an irrigation device according to another embodiment of this application.

[0029] Figure 8 The diagram shown is a schematic representation of the perfusion device in one embodiment of this application.

[0030] Figure 9 The diagram shown is a structural schematic of an irrigation device according to another embodiment of this application.

[0031] Figure 10 The diagram shown is a structural schematic of an irrigation device in yet another embodiment of this application.

[0032] Figure 11 The diagram shown is a structural schematic of an irrigation device according to another embodiment of this application.

[0033] Figures 12 to 14 The images shown are schematic diagrams illustrating the principle of a solute replacement system with a replenishment liquid branch configured in different embodiments of this application.

[0034] Figure 15 The diagram shown is a cross-sectional schematic of a venturi tube according to one embodiment of this application.

[0035] Figure 16 The diagram shown is a schematic representation of the solute displacement system in yet another embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0036] The following specific embodiments illustrate the implementation of this application. Those skilled in the art can easily understand the advantages and technical effects of this application from the content disclosed in this specification. In the following description, some embodiments may be referenced to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that other embodiments not shown in the drawings may also be used, and changes in specific structures, parts or mechanisms, components, and operations may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of this application. The following detailed description should not be considered limiting, and the scope of the embodiments of this application is limited only by the claims published in this application. The terminology used herein is for describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit this application.

[0037] It should be understood that although the terms first, second, or third, etc., may be used herein to describe various elements or parameters in some embodiments, these elements or parameters should not be limited by these terms. These terms are used only to distinguish one element or parameter from another, and not to define the order, priority, or importance of multiple elements. For example, a first channel may be referred to as a second channel, and similarly, a second channel may be referred to as a first channel, without departing from the scope of the various described embodiments. Both the first channel and the second channel are channels in describing an interface conduit, but they are not the same channel unless the context otherwise explicitly indicates otherwise. Similar cases include first conduit and second conduit, or first pump and second pump.

[0038] Furthermore, as used herein, the singular forms “a,” “an,” and “the” are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context indicates otherwise. It should be further understood that the terms “comprising,” “including,” and “including” indicate the presence of the stated features, steps, operations, elements, components, items, kinds, and / or groups, but do not exclude the presence, occurrence, or addition of one or more other features, steps, operations, elements, components, items, kinds, and / or groups. For example, a process, method, system, product, or device that comprises a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units explicitly listed, but may include other steps or units not explicitly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products, or devices. Additionally, the term “and / or,” which may be used hereinafter, describes the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships may exist; for example, A and / or B can represent: A alone, A and B simultaneously, and B alone. Furthermore, the character “ / ”, unless otherwise specified, generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects have an “and / or” relationship. Additionally, in the description of embodiments of this application, “multiple” refers to two or more. Furthermore, the terms “or” and “and / or” as used herein are interpreted as inclusive, or mean either one or any combination thereof. Exceptions to this definition only arise when a combination of elements, functions, steps, or operations is inherently mutually exclusive in some way.

[0039] Unless otherwise specified, all terms used herein (including technical and scientific terms) shall have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application pertains. It will also be understood that terms used herein shall be interpreted as having the meaning consistent with their meaning in the context of this specification and the relevant field, and shall not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal sense unless expressly so defined herein.

[0040] The terms “treatment” and “management” and their variations in this text refer to any reduction in the degree, frequency or severity of one or more symptoms or signs related to the condition.

[0041] The term "dialysis" refers to a type of filtration, or the selective diffusion through a membrane. Dialysis is the removal of solutes of a specific molecular weight range from a fluid to be dialyzed via diffusion through a membrane.

[0042] Relative terms such as “below,” “above,” “upper,” “lower,” “horizontal,” or “vertical” may be used herein to describe the relationship between one element, layer, or region and another element, layer, or region illustrated in the figures. It will be understood that these terms are intended to cover different device orientations other than those depicted in the figures. In this application, “vertical,” “horizontal,” and “parallel” are defined as including cases within ±10% of the standard definition. For example, vertical typically refers to an angle of 90° relative to a reference line, but in this application, vertical refers to cases including those within 80° to 100°. Unless otherwise expressly stated, comparative quantitative terms (such as “above” and “below”) are intended to cover the concept of equality. As an example, “above” can mean not only “greater than” in a mathematical sense but also “equal to.”

[0043] Furthermore, the use of endpoints to define numerical ranges herein includes all values ​​contained within that range (e.g., 1 to 5 includes 1, 1.5, 2, 2.75, 3, 3.80, 4, 5, etc.). Unless otherwise indicated, all numerical values ​​used in the specification and claims to indicate the number of components, molecular weight, etc., should be understood to be modified by the term "approximately" in all cases. Accordingly, unless otherwise indicated, the numerical parameters listed in this specification and claims are approximate values, which may vary according to the desired characteristics sought to be obtained according to the invention. Each numerical parameter should be constructed at least according to the declared number of significant digits and by applying general rounding techniques, but this does not limit the basic principle of equivalence with the scope of the claims.

[0044] While the numerical ranges and parameters used to illustrate the overall scope of the invention are approximate, the values ​​given in specific examples are provided with the greatest possible accuracy. However, all values ​​necessarily include a range resulting from the standard deviation of the individual experimental measurements.

[0045] The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the application. When used herein, the singular forms “a,” “an,” and “the” are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It will also be understood that, when used herein, the terms “comprising,” “including,” “containing,” and / or “comprising” designate the presence of the stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements, and / or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and / or combinations thereof.

[0046] The present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application are clearly and completely described. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of them. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments and technical effects obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort should fall within the scope of protection of the present application. The terms "an embodiment," "implementation," or similar wording used throughout this specification mean that a specific feature, structure, or characteristic described together with an implementation is included in at least one embodiment of the present application. Therefore, the appearance of the phrases "in an embodiment," "in an embodiment," and similar wording throughout this specification may (but does not necessarily) refer to the same implementation.

[0047] This application discloses a solute exchange system, which is used to continuously replace toxins from the blood with fresh fluid introduced into the peritoneal cavity during dialysis and replace the solutes in the fresh fluid into the blood, while continuously outputting waste fluid containing toxins to the outside. After the toxins in the waste fluid are removed outside the body, the fresh fluid formed is continuously introduced into the solute exchange system or the human body.

[0048] In one embodiment, the solute replacement system can be applied to medical devices, including but not limited to blood purification devices, emergency medical devices, extracorporeal circulation clearance systems, or extracorporeal enrichment clearance devices. The blood purification devices include, but are not limited to, peritoneal dialysis (PD) devices.

[0049] In this embodiment of the application, the "waste liquid" refers to the toxin-containing liquid formed after fresh dialysis fluid undergoes solute exchange in the human peritoneal cavity.

[0050] In the embodiments of this application, "fresh liquid" refers to the liquid formed after some or most of the toxins or toxic molecules have been removed from waste liquid (or dialysis waste liquid), hereinafter referred to as fresh liquid. Further, "fresh liquid" can also be the liquid formed after some or most of the toxins or toxic molecules have been removed from waste liquid and then supplemented with beneficial or essential molecules, hereinafter referred to as fresh liquid. For example, "fresh liquid" is the liquid formed after some or most of the toxins or toxic molecules have been removed from waste liquid and then supplemented with the replenishing liquid described below. The fresh liquid can serve as fresh dialysis fluid, exchanging with toxins in the body again, thus repeatedly cycling to continuously remove toxins from the body and achieve the therapeutic purpose.

[0051] The solute replacement system provided in some embodiments of this application includes an interface tubing, a circulation replacement tubing, a drive device, and a control device. The following embodiments illustrate the application of the solute replacement system in a peritoneal dialysis (PD) device.

[0052] Please see Figure 1 The figure shows a schematic diagram of a solute replacement system according to one embodiment of this application. As shown, the solute replacement system includes an interface pipeline 1, a circulation replacement pipeline 2, a drive device, and a control device 4. The inlet pipeline 20 of the circulation replacement pipeline 2 is connected to the first channel 10 of the interface pipeline 1 to receive waste fluid output from the human body 5 via the first channel 10. The perfusion device 22 in the circulation replacement pipeline 2 is used to remove toxins from the waste fluid to generate fresh fluid. The fresh fluid is input from the fresh fluid pipeline 21 in the circulation replacement pipeline 2 to the second channel 11 of the interface pipeline 1 and then to the human body 5. The control device 4 is used to execute the CFPD treatment mode to control the drive device to continuously flow the waste fluid and fresh fluid. In the following embodiment, the connection between the interface pipeline 1 and the abdominal cavity of the human body 5 is used as an example for explanation.

[0053] One end of the interface conduit 1 is connected to the abdominal cavity of the human body 5. The interface conduit 1 includes a first channel 10 for discharging waste fluid from the abdominal cavity of the human body 5 and a second channel 11 for inleting new fluid into the abdominal cavity of the human body 5. Specifically, one end of the first channel 10 is connected to the abdominal cavity of the human body 5 and the other end of the first channel 10 is connected to the inlet conduit 20. One end of the second channel 11 is connected to the abdominal cavity of the human body 5 and the other end of the second channel 11 is connected to the new fluid conduit 21, thereby realizing the discharge of waste fluid from the abdominal cavity of the human body 5 and the inlet of new fluid into the abdominal cavity of the human body 5.

[0054] In one embodiment, the interface conduit 1 includes a first conduit and a second conduit, both of which are single-channel conduits. In other words, each conduit has an inner lumen. The inner lumen of the first conduit corresponds to the first channel 10, and the inner lumen of the second conduit corresponds to the second channel 11. Specifically, in this embodiment, the interface conduit 1 includes two independent single-channel conduits (a first conduit and a second conduit). One end of the first conduit is connected to the abdominal cavity of the human body 5, and the other end of the first conduit is connected to the inlet conduit 20. One end of the second conduit is connected to the abdominal cavity of the human body 5, and the other end of the second conduit is connected to the new fluid conduit 21.

[0055] In another embodiment, the interface conduit 1 is configured as a double-lumen catheter, which is a catheter comprising two lumens (a first lumen and a second lumen) within a single catheter. The first channel 10 corresponds to the first lumen of the double-lumen catheter, and the second channel 11 corresponds to the second lumen of the double-lumen catheter. One end of the first and second lumens communicates with the abdominal cavity of the human body, and the other end of the first and second lumens communicates with the inlet conduit 20 and the new fluid conduit 21, respectively. See some examples. Figures 2 to 4The figures show schematic diagrams of the lumens of the double-lumen catheters in different embodiments of this application. As shown, each double-lumen catheter includes a first lumen L1 and a second lumen L2. The first lumen L1 and the second lumen L2 of the double-lumen catheter can be configured as follows: Figure 2 As shown, the two lumens of the double-lumen catheter are configured in a parallel manner, and one end of the catheter connected to the circulation replacement tubing can also be arranged as follows. Figure 3 The acute-angle configuration shown can also be as follows: Figure 4 The configuration shown is 180 degrees. It should be noted that the specific configuration of the two lumens in the dual-lumen catheter is not limited, as long as the dual-lumen catheter has a first lumen that can communicate with the inlet line 20 and a second lumen that can communicate with the new fluid line 21.

[0056] In the following embodiments, the interface tubing is configured as a double-lumen catheter as an example. This facilitates connection between the interface tubing and the human body, requiring only a single insertion to establish connection. This simplifies the doctor's procedure in emergency medical situations, enabling efficient and rapid dialysis treatment.

[0057] Please continue reading. Figure 1 As shown in the figure, the circulation replacement pipeline 2, connected to the other end of the interface pipeline 1, includes an inlet pipeline 20, a fresh fluid pipeline 21, and an irrigation device 22. The inlet pipeline 20 is connected to the first channel 10 to receive the waste fluid output from the first channel 10. The irrigation device 22 is connected in series between the inlet pipeline 20 and the fresh fluid pipeline 21 to receive the waste fluid output from the inlet pipeline 20, remove toxins from the waste fluid, and then output it to the fresh fluid pipeline 21. The fresh fluid pipeline 21 is connected to the second channel 11 to output fresh fluid to the second channel 11. By setting up the circulation replacement pipeline, waste fluid can be processed into fresh fluid, which is then continuously infused into the body as fresh dialysis fluid. This eliminates the need for continuous consumption of fresh dialysis fluid, reducing the amount of dialysis fluid used and lowering costs, while also improving dialysis efficiency.

[0058] In one embodiment, the liquid inlet pipe 20 includes an input end and an output end. The input end of the liquid inlet pipe 20 is connected to the first channel 10, and the output end of the liquid inlet pipe 20 is connected to the irrigation device 22 to input waste liquid into the irrigation device 22.

[0059] Furthermore, in one embodiment, a pre-prepared liquid bypass (not shown) is also provided on the liquid inlet pipeline 20. The pre-prepared liquid bypass is used for pre-filling, emptying, or flushing the passage of the solute replacement system.

[0060] In one embodiment, the pre-prepared liquid bypass is a pre-filling and purging purification circuit system. By connecting it to a storage container (e.g., a pre-prepared liquid bag) in the solute replacement system, and coordinating with the working mode of the drive device in the solute replacement system, or the upright or inverted state of the storage container, both pre-filling and purging operations can be achieved. That is, in the pre-filling mode, the outlet of the liquid in the storage container is at a low position; while in the purging mode, the outlet of the gas in the storage container is at a high position. Compared with the conventional operation in the prior art, the system structure of this application is simple, easy to operate, and has a low learning cost. It does not require the operator to repeatedly invert the reactor for continuous pre-filling. Furthermore, the application of the system of this application enables more scientific treatment of pipelines and medical waste such as waste liquid after purging.

[0061] In this embodiment, the liquid storage container can switch between two states: upright and inverted. That is, the state of the liquid storage container being placed upright is upright, and the state of the liquid storage container being placed upside down is inverted. In order to switch between the two states more easily, a mechanism for uprighting or inverting the liquid storage container is also included. In one embodiment, the mechanism is, for example, a plate or frame for placing the liquid storage container. The plate or frame is provided with a structure for fixing the liquid storage container and a positioning structure for positioning the upright and inverted states, so that the liquid storage container can be stabilized when it is upright, or can be stabilized when it is inverted.

[0062] In some embodiments, the pre-prepared liquid bypass is, for example, the pre-filling and purging purification circuit system described in patent document CN2022108507945; the full text of patent document CN2022108507945 is incorporated herein by reference.

[0063] like Figure 1 As shown, the irrigation device 22 is connected in series between the inlet pipe 20 and the new liquid pipe 21 to receive the waste liquid output from the inlet pipe 20 and remove toxins from the waste liquid to form new liquid, which is then output to the new liquid pipe 21. In other words, the irrigation device 22 is located downstream of the inlet pipe 20 and upstream of the new liquid pipe 21. It should be understood that the upstream and downstream relationship is determined according to the direction of liquid (also known as fluid) flow, with the first flow being upstream and the last flow being downstream, rather than the vertical relationship of physical space.

[0064] It should be noted that for toxins that cannot be adsorbed by the perfusion device, adding a perfusion device to achieve the CFPD treatment mode will only slightly improve the clearance effect of the corresponding toxins, but will not lead to a decrease in the clearance effect. For toxins that can be cleared by the perfusion device, it is equivalent to fresh dialysate being reinfused into the abdominal cavity every moment. Therefore, for toxins that can be cleared by the perfusion device, adding a perfusion device to achieve the CFPD treatment mode will significantly improve the clearance effect of the corresponding toxins and increase the clearance efficiency.

[0065] In one embodiment, please refer to Figure 5 The figure shows a schematic diagram of the solute replacement system in another embodiment of this application. As shown, the perfusion device 22 includes only one perfusion device 220. The input end 2200 of the perfusion device 220 is connected to the liquid inlet pipeline 20, and the output end 2201 of the perfusion device 220 is connected to the new liquid pipeline 21.

[0066] In another embodiment, the irrigation device 22 includes a plurality of irrigation tubes connected in series; specifically, the irrigation device includes two or more irrigation tubes connected in series. For example, see 6 and in conjunction with Figure 1 , Figure 6 The figure shows a schematic diagram of the irrigation device in one embodiment of this application. As shown, the irrigation device 22 includes two irrigation tubes 220 connected in series, and the flow direction of the fluid in the irrigation device 22 is as follows: Figure 6 As indicated by the middle arrow, the input end 2200 of the perfusion device 220 located upstream of the perfusion device 22 is connected to the inlet pipe 20, and the output end 2200 of the perfusion device 220 located downstream of the perfusion device 22 is connected to the new liquid pipe 21. In this embodiment, in order to connect multiple perfusion devices in series, the perfusion device also includes one or more series conduits, with each series conduit connected to two perfusion devices at both ends. It should be noted that the perfusion devices connected in series in the perfusion device can be the same or different; for example, the types of adsorbent materials filled in the series perfusion devices may be different, or the filling methods of the adsorbent materials may be different.

[0067] In another embodiment, the irrigation device 22 includes a plurality of irrigation tubes connected in parallel; specifically, the irrigation device includes two or more irrigation tubes connected in parallel. For example, see 7 and in conjunction with Figure 1 , Figure 7 The figure shows a schematic diagram of an irrigation device in another embodiment of this application. As shown, the irrigation device 22 includes two parallel irrigation tubes 220, and the flow direction of the fluid in the irrigation device 22 is as follows: Figure 7 The direction indicated by the middle arrow. In this embodiment, to divert waste liquid from the first channel to two or more perfusion devices, the perfusion device further includes parallel conduits for connecting multiple perfusion devices in parallel. In one example, as... Figure 7As shown, the parallel conduit is configured as a branch conduit 221. A branch conduit for connecting multiple irrigation devices in parallel is provided upstream and downstream of the irrigation device 22. The number of branches in the branch conduit 221 is equal to the number of irrigation devices 220 connected in parallel in the irrigation device 22, so that each irrigation device 220 is connected. The main stream of the upstream branch conduit 221 is used to connect to the inlet pipeline, and the main stream of the downstream branch conduit 221 is used to connect to the new fluid pipeline. Thus, the two branch conduits can connect multiple irrigation devices in parallel between the inlet pipeline and the new fluid pipeline. In another example, the parallel conduit can also be configured as a multi-lumen conduit. Alternatively, the parallel conduit can be composed of multiple multi-lumen conduits connected in a specific manner. For instance, the upstream and downstream of the irrigation device each include a parallel conduit composed of multiple double-lumen conduits connected in a tree-like arrangement, such that the number of end lumens in the tree-like parallel conduit is equal to the number of irrigation devices, allowing each device to be connected. The top lumen of the upstream tree-like parallel conduit connects to the inlet line, and the top lumen of the downstream tree-like parallel conduit connects to the new fluid line. Thus, the parallel conduit composed of multiple double-lumen conduits can connect multiple irrigation devices in parallel to either the inlet line or the new fluid line. It should be noted that although the above example uses only double-lumen conduits in the parallel conduit as an example, in other embodiments, the parallel conduit can also include different types of conduits, such as two double-lumen conduits and one triple-lumen conduit.

[0068] In another embodiment, the irrigation device further includes a plurality of irrigation tubes connected in series and parallel. Specifically, based on the description of series and parallel irrigation tubes in the above embodiments, the irrigation device can be configured to include a plurality of irrigation tubes connected in series and parallel. For example, the irrigation device is configured to include one or more sets of parallel irrigation tubes, which are connected in series with each other or with one or more individual irrigation tubes, so that the irrigation device includes a plurality of irrigation tubes connected in series and parallel. It should be noted that the irrigation tubes in the series and parallel irrigation device can be the same or different, for example, the types of adsorbent materials filled in the irrigation tubes are different, or the filling methods of the adsorbent materials are different.

[0069] In one embodiment, please refer to Figure 8The figure shows a schematic diagram of the perfusion device in one embodiment of this application. As shown, the perfusion device 220 includes a housing 2204 and an adsorbent material 2202. The housing 2204 includes an input end 2200, an output end 2201, and a cavity 2203. The adsorbent material 2202 is located inside the cavity 2203. The input end 2200 of the perfusion device 220 is located upstream of its output end 2201, so that fluid enters the cavity 2203 from the input end 2200, comes into contact with the adsorbent material 2202 inside the cavity 2203, and then flows out from the output end 2201.

[0070] Liquid flowing into the housing 2204 is more likely to pass through the area where it contacts the adsorbent material 2202 at the edge of the housing 2204. This results in a lower pressure drop at the edge of the adsorbent material 2202 compared to its central region. Consequently, adsorbent materials 2202 at the same height cannot simultaneously contact the same batch of liquid, causing the liquid front to pass through the adsorbent material 2202 in an uneven manner, such as a cone. To address this, the perfusion device 220 also includes a guide plate (not shown) located upstream of the adsorbent material 2022. This guide plate ensures that the flow velocity of the liquid flowing into the central region of the adsorbent material 2022 is greater than the flow velocity of the liquid flowing into the edge region, allowing the liquid front to pass through the adsorbent material 2022 in a planar rather than uneven manner, such as a cone. In one example, the guide plate is located upstream of the adsorbent material and configured perpendicular to the liquid flow direction on one side of the input end. The guide plate includes multiple first through holes corresponding to the middle region of the adsorbent material and multiple second through holes surrounding the multiple first through holes. The size (e.g., area) of the first through holes is larger than the size of the second through holes, thereby causing the flow velocity of the liquid flowing into the middle region of the adsorbent material to be greater than the flow velocity of the liquid flowing into the edge region. In this way, the liquid front can pass through the adsorbent material in a planar rather than a non-uniform manner such as a cone. It should be noted that the first and second through holes can be circular, elongated, or other regular or irregular shapes.

[0071] In one embodiment, the perfusion device 220 further includes filters (not shown) located at the input end 2200 and the output end 2201, respectively, which are used to prevent the adsorbent material 2202 from entering the human body with the flow of fluid.

[0072] In the embodiments of this application, the adsorbent material filled in the perfusion device removes toxins from the waste liquid flowing through the perfusion device through adsorption, thereby allowing fresh fluid to be continuously delivered into the peritoneal cavity of the human body and improving the efficiency of dialysis. The perfusion device can be filled with a single adsorbent material or a mixture of multiple adsorbent materials, or it can be layered with multiple adsorbent materials to form multiple adsorption layers. In the embodiment where the perfusion device is filled with a single adsorbent material, the perfusion device can remove toxins in the waste liquid that can be adsorbed by that single adsorbent material. In the embodiment where the perfusion device is filled with a mixture of multiple adsorbent materials or where the perfusion device is layered with multiple adsorbent materials, the perfusion device can remove toxins in the waste liquid that can be adsorbed by any one of the multiple adsorbent materials.

[0073] In some embodiments, the perfusion device is filled with a single adsorbent material or a mixture of multiple adsorbent materials. The adsorbent material includes activated carbon, cation exchange materials, or anion exchange materials. The cation exchange material is configured to contain zirconium phosphate or a cation exchange resin, and the anion exchange material is configured to contain hydrated zirconium oxide, zirconium hydroxide, sodium zirconium carbonate, or anion exchange resin. In one example, the perfusion device is filled with a single adsorbent material. For example, the perfusion device is filled with activated carbon. Filling the perfusion device with only activated carbon can improve the adsorption efficiency of activated carbon in specific treatments where the removal of anions and cations is not required, and can also reduce the manufacturing difficulty of the perfusion device. In another example, the perfusion device is filled with a mixture of multiple adsorbent materials. For example, the perfusion device is filled with a mixture of activated carbon and anion exchange materials. Another example is that the perfusion device is filled with a mixture of activated carbon and cation exchange materials. Yet another example is that the perfusion device is filled with a mixed column of activated carbon, anion exchange materials, and cation exchange materials. Activated carbon is used to adsorb most organic substances, medium-molecular-weight substances, and heavy metals, such as creatinine. Cation exchange materials are used to adsorb various cations, such as potassium, calcium, and magnesium. Anion exchange materials are used to adsorb various anions, such as phosphate and acetate ions.

[0074] In other embodiments, the perfusion device is layered with various adsorbent materials to form multiple adsorption layers. These adsorbent materials include activated carbon, cation exchange materials, or anion exchange materials, etc. The substances contained in each adsorbent material and the function of the adsorbent material are the same as or similar to those described in the previous embodiment, and will not be repeated here. In one example, please refer to... Figure 9 The figure shows a schematic diagram of an irrigation device in another embodiment of this application. As shown, the irrigation device 220 is layered with activated carbon and anion exchange material to form an activated carbon adsorption layer and an anion exchange material adsorption layer. In another example, please refer to... Figure 10The figure shows a schematic diagram of the perfusion device in another embodiment of this application. As shown, the perfusion device 220 is layered with activated carbon and cation exchange material to form an activated carbon adsorption layer and a cation exchange material adsorption layer. In yet another example, please refer to... Figure 11 The figure shows a schematic diagram of the perfusion device in another embodiment of this application. As shown, the perfusion device 220 is layered with activated carbon, anion exchange material, and cation exchange material to form an activated carbon adsorption layer, an anion exchange material adsorption layer, and a cation exchange material adsorption layer. It should be noted that although the multiple adsorption layers in the perfusion device in the above embodiment do not include repeating adsorption layers, in other embodiments, the multiple adsorption layers in the perfusion device may include repeating adsorption layers. In other words, the same adsorption material can be distributed at intervals in different areas of the perfusion device. For example, the perfusion device is filled with activated carbon, anion exchange material, and activated carbon sequentially from upstream to downstream.

[0075] like Figure 1 As shown, the input end of the new fluid line 21 is connected to the perfusion device 22, and the output end of the new fluid line 21 is connected to the second channel 11, so that the new fluid from the perfusion device 22 is introduced into the human body through the second channel 11. In one embodiment, in order to replenish the new fluid in the new fluid line so that the new fluid containing the replenishing fluid is introduced into the human body, a replenishing fluid branch is provided downstream of the perfusion device for conveying the replenishing fluid to the circulation replacement line 2. Figure 1 (This was not indicated in the text).

[0076] In some embodiments, please refer to Figures 12 to 14 and combined Figure 1 , Figures 12 to 14 The figures show schematic diagrams of solute replacement systems with replenishment fluid branches in different embodiments of this application. As shown, a replenishment fluid branch 6 is provided downstream of the perfusion device 22 for delivering replenishment fluid to the circulating replacement pipeline 2, thereby forming a new fluid that can be used for dialysis treatment. The replenishment fluid includes a hypertonic solute (also referred to as a hypertonic solute or hypertonic solution) and / or an electrolyte solution.

[0077] The hypertonic solute includes glucose. In one example, the glucose in the hypertonic solute is configured to be from 1.5% to 70%. For example, the concentration of glucose in the hypertonic solute is 1.5%, 2%, 2.5%, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, 30%, 35%, 40%, 45%, 50%, 55%, 60%, 65%, or 70%.

[0078] The electrolyte solution is configured to include potassium, calcium, and magnesium. In one example, the concentration range of potassium, calcium, and magnesium can be configured to be from 0 to 100 mmol / L. For example, the total concentration range of potassium, calcium, and magnesium in the electrolyte solution can be configured to be 0, 10 mmol / L, 20 mmol / L, 30 mmol / L, 40 mmol / L, 50 mmol / L, 60 mmol / L, 70 mmol / L, 80 mmol / L, 90 mmol / L, or 100 mmol / L. Furthermore, the electrolyte solution may also include phosphorus, sodium, chloride, bases, etc.

[0079] In one embodiment, such as Figure 12 As shown, the replenishment fluid branch 6 is disposed on the new fluid line 21. The replenishment fluid branch 6 includes a container 60 for storing replenishment fluid and a replenishment fluid pump 61 for delivering the replenishment fluid in the container 60 to the new fluid line 21. In this embodiment, when the replenishment fluid pump 61 is operating, the replenishment fluid in the container 60 is continuously replenished to the new fluid line 21. The replenishment fluid pump 61 can be, for example, a peristaltic pump, a pneumatic diaphragm pump, or a pressure pump.

[0080] In another embodiment, a Venturi tube is disposed downstream of the irrigation device. In one example, the Venturi tube is integrated into the output end of the irrigation device, forming a single unit with the irrigation device, or it serves as a connection between the output end of the irrigation device and the input end of the new fluid line, such as... Figure 13 As shown, the Venturi tube 210 is connected between the output of the irrigation device 22 and the input of the new fluid line 21. In another example, the Venturi tube is configured in or formed within the new fluid line, such as... Figure 14 As shown, the Venturi tube 210 in the new fluid line 21 is disposed in or formed in the middle region of the new fluid line 21. Of course, it can also be disposed in or formed in other regions of the new fluid line 21. This application does not limit the position of the Venturi tube in the new fluid line 21. In this embodiment, the replenishment fluid branch 6 is connected to the Venturi tube 210 so that the replenishment fluid is delivered to the circulation displacement line via the Venturi effect. By configuring the Venturi tube to deliver the replenishment fluid, the manufacturing cost and weight of the solute displacement system can be reduced, making it easier to use in medical emergency situations. In the following embodiments, the Venturi tube is disposed at the input end of the new fluid line as an example.

[0081] In one specific embodiment, please refer to Figure 15 and combined Figure 13 , Figure 15The figure shows a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a venturi tube in one embodiment of this application. As shown, the venturi tube 210 includes an inlet section 2101, an outlet section 2102, and a neck section 2100. The fluid in the venturi tube 210 flows from the inlet section 2101 through the neck section 2100 to the outlet section 2102, and the flow direction is as follows: Figure 15 As shown by the horizontal arrow in the diagram. The inlet end 21010 of the inlet section 2101 is connected to the output end of the irrigation device 22 to receive the new liquid output by the irrigation device 22. The inlet section 2101 has a constriction section 21011, the cross-sectional area of ​​which gradually decreases to be the same as that of the neck section 2100, thereby increasing the flow velocity of the new liquid as it passes through the neck section 2100. The neck section 2100 has a replenishing liquid inlet 21000 connected to the replenishing liquid branch 6. The high-speed flowing new liquid in the neck section 2100 generates low pressure, thereby producing an adsorption effect, which allows the replenishing liquid from the replenishing liquid branch 6 to be drawn in through the replenishing liquid inlet 21000, so that the new liquid with added replenishing liquid is input into the new liquid pipeline 21 through the outlet end 21020 of the outlet section 2101. It should be noted that the Venturi tube described in this application is not limited to Figure 15 The structure shown only requires the Venturi tube to have a gradually narrowing conduit; for example, the Venturi tube may only include... Figure 15 The inlet and outlet sections are shown. The replenishment fluid inlet can be configured at the location of the highest fluid velocity in the inlet and outlet sections.

[0082] In an embodiment where the solute displacement system utilizes the Venturi effect to deliver the replenishment solution to the circulation displacement pipeline, such as... Figure 13 As shown, the replenishment fluid branch 6 includes a container 60 for storing replenishment fluid. Further, as... Figure 14 As shown, the replenishment fluid branch 6 may further include a one-way valve 62 disposed on the replenishment fluid branch 6. The one-way valve 62 initially closes the replenishment fluid branch 6 (in its natural, unforced state). Under the Venturi effect, the one-way valve 62 opens to allow the replenishment fluid to be delivered to the circulation replacement pipeline (e.g., the fresh fluid pipeline 21). Specifically, under the Venturi effect, the fresh fluid flows at a high speed at the replenishment fluid inlet of the Venturi tube, resulting in a low pressure at the replenishment fluid inlet, which in turn opens the one-way valve, allowing the replenishment fluid to smoothly enter the Venturi tube through the replenishment fluid inlet. When the fresh fluid in the Venturi tube stops flowing, no pressure difference is generated at the replenishment fluid inlet, and the one-way valve remains closed, thus preventing the replenishment fluid from flowing into the Venturi tube. By setting a one-way valve on the replenishment fluid branch, the flow of replenishment fluid into the Venturi tube when there is no fluid flow in the Venturi tube can be effectively prevented. It should be noted that in embodiments without a check valve, the outlet of the container can be lower than the replenishment inlet of the venturi tube to prevent the replenishment from flowing into the venturi tube under gravity when there is no fluid flow in the venturi tube.

[0083] The driving device is installed in the interface pipeline or circulation replacement pipeline, and is used to drive the flow of waste liquid and fresh liquid. Specifically, the driving device can drive waste liquid from the human body into the irrigation device through the first channel and the inlet pipeline, and drive the fresh liquid formed after flowing through the irrigation device into the human body through the fresh liquid pipeline and the second channel.

[0084] In one embodiment, the driving device includes a driving fluid pump disposed on the interface line or the circulation displacement line. For example, such as Figure 1 As shown, the driving liquid pump 30 is configured on the inlet pipe 20 of the circulation replacement pipe 2. It should be noted that although the figure shows the driving liquid pump configured on the inlet pipe as an example, it is not limited thereto. In other embodiments, the driving liquid pump can also be configured on the new liquid pipe.

[0085] In another embodiment, the driving device includes a first liquid pump disposed on the inlet line and a second liquid pump disposed on the new liquid line. The driving device is used to change the total liquid equilibrium state of the solute displacement system by the differential speed of the first liquid pump and the second liquid pump. Specifically, the speeds of the first liquid pump and the second liquid pump are different to increase or decrease the total liquid equilibrium state of the solute displacement system.

[0086] In one embodiment, the driving liquid pump, the first liquid pump, and the second liquid pump are, for example, peristaltic pumps, pneumatic diaphragm pumps, or pressure pumps.

[0087] The control device 4 is used to execute the CFPD treatment mode to control the drive device to continuously flow the waste fluid and the fresh fluid. Specifically, the control device 4 controls the drive device to continuously flow the waste fluid and the fresh fluid, so as to continuously output the waste fluid from the human body and input the fresh fluid into the human body, thereby realizing the CFPD (Continuous Flow Peritoneal Dialysis) mode. The CFPD mode refers to the situation where, when the amount of dialysate in the peritoneal cavity reaches the required level, the first channel 10 of the interface tubing 1 continuously outputs waste fluid, and the second channel 11 continuously inputs fresh fluid, thereby maintaining the same flow rate of fluid flowing into and out of the peritoneal cavity.

[0088] Although the above embodiments are described using the control device executing the CFPD treatment mode as an example, they are not limited thereto. In other embodiments, the control device can also be used to execute other periodic (also known as intermittent) or continuous treatment modes to improve dialysis efficiency. In one example, the control device may also execute only the CAPD treatment mode, APD treatment mode, or TPD treatment mode. In another example, the control device can also be used to execute a combination of multiple treatment modes, including CAPD, APD, TPD, and CFPD treatment modes. For example, the solute exchange system further includes a mode selection device, which is communicatively connected to the control device. The mode selection device receives an input mode selection signal and sends determined operating mode information to the control device so that the control device can execute the corresponding treatment mode, enabling the solute exchange system to achieve a combination of multiple treatment modes.

[0089] It should be noted that in the embodiment where the control device executes the periodic treatment mode, the waste fluid, fresh fluid, and other fluids in the above embodiment flow periodically. For example, the control device controls the drive device to operate periodically, so that the waste fluid periodically flows from the abdominal cavity of the human body into the first channel and the inlet pipe. Then, the irrigation device periodically receives the waste fluid in the inlet pipe, removes the toxins therein, and outputs it to the fresh fluid pipe. The fresh fluid periodically flows into the abdominal cavity of the human body through the fresh fluid pipe and the second channel.

[0090] In one embodiment, the control device 4 includes a controller or system processor, which outputs corresponding control commands by writing programs into the controller or system processor; or it accepts trigger commands input by the operator through an input device such as a touch screen to execute related control commands. For example, in CFPD mode, the solute replacement system can continuously aspirate waste fluid from the human peritoneal cavity and continuously introduce fresh fluid into the human peritoneal cavity to achieve dialysis.

[0091] Furthermore, the control device 4 is also used to generate dialysis-related records based on the treatment mode it is performing. In one example, the dialysis record includes the treatment mode performed by the solute exchange system each time dialysis is performed, the number of dialysis sessions, and the dialysis time, etc.

[0092] In one embodiment, the control device 4 sends dialysis-related dialysis records to a computer device (e.g., a doctor's or patient's electronic device) communicatively connected to the control device 4, so that medical staff or patients can view the dialysis records. In one embodiment, the solute exchange system further includes a display device (monitor or touchscreen) for displaying the dialysis records.

[0093] In one embodiment, the control device 4 can also send prompts to a computer device (e.g., an electronic device of a doctor or patient) that is communicatively connected to the control device 4, or display the prompts on the display device of the solute exchange system, based on the dialysis record; wherein, the prompts include, but are not limited to, prompts for consumable replacement, prompts reminding the user to undergo dialysis treatment, etc.

[0094] In one embodiment, the solute replacement system further includes a dialysate line for introducing dialysate into a human body (e.g., the peritoneal cavity). The dialysate line is located in a second channel of the interface line or in a new fluid line of the circulation replacement line. The dialysate line includes a dialysate container for storing dialysate, which can be introduced into the peritoneal cavity of the human body by weight or by a pump through the second channel. In the following embodiments, the dialysate line being located in the second channel is used as an example.

[0095] Please see Figure 16 The figure shows a schematic diagram of the solute replacement system in another embodiment of this application. As shown, the dialysate line 7 is located in the second channel 11 of the interface line 1. In this embodiment, when the dialysate stored in the dialysate container 70 is introduced into the human body, the first channel 10 is closed to prevent the dialysate from flowing out of the first channel 10. After the dialysate is introduced, i.e., after the dialysate in the human body reaches the preset input amount, the dialysate line 7 is closed and the first channel 10 of the interface line 1 is opened, so that the waste fluid in the human body is introduced into the perfusion device 22 from the first channel 10 and the inlet line 20, and the new fluid processed by the perfusion device 22 is reintroduced into the human body through the new fluid line 21 and the second channel 11. In some embodiments, in order to realize the above process, the second channel or the new fluid line may also be provided with a valve that can realize the opening and closing of the line; furthermore, the dialysate line may also be provided with a pump for driving the dialysate to flow into the human body, so that the dialysate is introduced into the human body without the need to use gravity, which can simplify the doctor's operation and facilitate its use in medical emergency. Examples of pumps on the dialysate pipeline include peristaltic pumps, pneumatic diaphragm pumps, or pressure pumps.

[0096] In some embodiments, the solute exchange system is used for the treatment of AKI (acute kidney injury) or for emergency medical care. Specifically, in emergency medical care or during the treatment of AKI, rapid and efficient dialysis is required to improve treatment or emergency outcomes. In one example, in special scenarios such as water shortages, earthquakes, battlefields, or large-scale outbreaks of patients, emergency medical care is needed for patients with crush syndrome, extensive burns / trauma, sepsis, severe diarrhea, severe dehydration, severe bleeding, or poisoning. To prevent / avoid AKI or kidney / liver failure, or to prevent further burden on the kidneys in cases of AKI or kidney / liver failure, rapid toxin removal, such as rapid dialysis, is required. The solute exchange system of this application can continuously deliver fresh dialysis fluid into the peritoneal cavity without increasing the amount of dialysis fluid used, ensuring the efficiency of toxin removal from the body and eliminating the need to replace the bagged dialysis fluid. This enables efficient and rapid removal of toxins from the body through peritoneal dialysis in medical emergencies, especially in special scenarios, without increasing the amount of dialysis fluid used. This helps prevent / avoid AKI or kidney / liver failure in patients, or avoids further burdening the kidneys in cases of AKI or kidney / liver failure.

[0097] In summary, the solute exchange system disclosed in this application, through a control device executing a CFPD treatment mode, controls a drive device to drive waste fluid from the peritoneal cavity through an interface tubing and into an perfusion device through an inlet tubing. The perfusion device removes toxins from the waste fluid to form fresh fluid. The drive device then drives this fresh fluid through a fresh fluid tubing and an interface tubing into the peritoneal cavity. This allows for the continuous infusion of fresh fluid into the peritoneal cavity without increasing the amount of dialysis fluid used, ensuring efficient toxin removal without the need to replace the bagged dialysis fluid. This enables efficient and rapid removal of toxins through peritoneal dialysis in emergency medical situations, especially in special scenarios, without increasing the amount of dialysis fluid used. This helps prevent / avoid AKI or kidney / liver failure in patients, or is useful in cases where AKI occurs. In cases of kidney or liver failure, this design avoids further burdening the kidneys. Furthermore, by configuring the interface tubing as a double-lumen catheter, a single insertion is sufficient to establish connection between the tubing and the body, simplifying the doctor's procedure and facilitating efficient and rapid dialysis treatment. Additionally, the use of a venturi tube for fluid delivery reduces the manufacturing cost and weight of the solute exchange system, making it suitable for use in emergency situations or in the treatment of AKI (acute kidney injury). Moreover, due to its simple structure, small size, portability, ease of operation, and low manufacturing cost, the solute exchange system of this application can be widely used not only in emergency medical situations or in the treatment of AKI, but also in other treatment scenarios such as home settings.

[0098] This application also provides a peritoneal dialysis device, which is used for performing peritoneal dialysis on a human body. The peritoneal dialysis device includes the solute exchange system described in any of the preceding embodiments.

[0099] In one embodiment, the peritoneal dialysis device may perform only CAPD, APD, CFPD, or TPD treatment modes. In another embodiment, the peritoneal dialysis device may also perform a combination of multiple treatment modes, including CAPD, APD, TPD, and CFPD.

[0100] In one embodiment, the peritoneal dialysis device further includes a portable housing for housing the solute exchange system, facilitating the movement or carrying of the housing and enabling the peritoneal dialysis device to be widely used in the treatment of AKI (acute kidney injury), emergency medical care, or home dialysis. The portable housing includes an upper housing and a lower housing, which define an internal space. The upper housing is movable relative to the lower housing and can be opened or closed. In one embodiment, the upper and lower housings are movably connected by a hinge on one side, allowing partial or complete encapsulation of the solute exchange system within its internal space when the upper and lower housings are closed.

[0101] In one embodiment, the portable case is provided with a handle, which is located on the outer side of the upper or lower case. In one example, the handle is located on the opposite side of the portable case where a hinge is installed. For example, the handle is located on the outer side of the lower case. In one embodiment, a locking structure is also provided between the upper and lower cases, allowing the user to lock both cases when they are closed and then lift the handle to move or carry the portable case.

[0102] In one embodiment, a support arm is provided between the lower and upper boxes to maintain the lower and upper boxes at a preset angle when the portable case is open. In one example, the support arm is two pairs of folding arms, respectively located on the left and right sides of the portable case. Specifically, one end of each pair of folding arms is fixed to the inner wall of the lower box, and the other end is fixed to the inner wall of the upper box. When the case is opened, the two pairs of folding arms maintain the unfolded state of the lower and upper boxes through their own damping characteristics.

[0103] In one embodiment, the drive device and control device are disposed in the lower housing, and the interface pipeline and circulation replacement pipeline are disposed in the upper housing. Furthermore, a fluid container that relies on gravity flow (e.g., a dialysate container) can be disposed in the upper housing during dialysis. It should be noted that this application does not limit the manner in which the solute replacement system is disposed within the portable housing, as long as the relevant components of the solute replacement system can be encapsulated within the internal space of the portable housing when the upper and lower housings are closed, and fluid flow is facilitated during dialysis.

[0104] This application also provides a medical emergency device, which includes the solute exchange system described in any of the preceding embodiments for use in dialysis of a human body during medical emergencies. In one embodiment, the medical emergency device may perform only CAPD treatment mode, APD treatment mode, CFPD treatment mode, or TPD treatment mode. In another embodiment, the medical emergency device may also perform a combination of multiple treatment modes, including CAPD treatment mode, APD treatment mode, TPD treatment mode, and CFPD treatment mode.

[0105] Furthermore, in one embodiment, the medical emergency equipment also includes one or more of the following: electrocardiogram monitoring equipment, respiratory assistance equipment, defibrillator equipment, and drug injection equipment, to achieve integrated medical operations. This significantly reduces the number and size of emergency equipment, allowing medical personnel to more conveniently and quickly select and use the required functions during emergency care.

[0106] In summary, the solute exchange system, peritoneal dialysis equipment, and medical emergency equipment disclosed in this application, through a control device executing a CFPD treatment mode, control the drive device to drive waste fluid from the peritoneal cavity through an interface tube and into an irrigation device through an inlet tube. The irrigation device removes toxins from the waste fluid to form fresh fluid. The drive device then drives the fresh fluid through a fresh fluid tube and an interface tube into the peritoneal cavity. Thus, without increasing the amount of dialysis fluid used, fresh fluid can be continuously infused into the peritoneal cavity, ensuring efficient toxin removal without the need to replace the bagged dialysis fluid. This achieves efficient and rapid removal of toxins through peritoneal dialysis in medical emergencies, especially in special scenarios, without increasing the amount of dialysis fluid used, thereby preventing / avoiding AKI or kidney / liver failure in patients, or for the purpose of... In cases of AKI or renal / hepatic failure, this invention aims to prevent further burden on the kidneys. Furthermore, by configuring the interface tubing as a double-lumen catheter, a single insertion is sufficient to establish connection between the tubing and the patient, simplifying the doctor's procedure and facilitating efficient and rapid dialysis treatment during emergency care. Additionally, the use of a venturi tube for fluid delivery reduces the manufacturing cost and weight of the solute exchange system, making it suitable for use in emergency situations or AKI treatment. Moreover, due to its simple structure, small size, portability, ease of operation, and low manufacturing cost, this solute exchange system can be widely applied not only in emergency care or AKI treatment but also in home and other treatment settings.

[0107] The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the inventive essence and beneficial effects of this application, and are not intended to limit this application. Any person skilled in the art can modify or alter the above embodiments without departing from the principles and scope of this application. Therefore, all equivalent modifications or alterations achieved by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and technical concept disclosed in this application should still be covered by the claims of this application.

Claims

1. A solute displacement system characterized by, include: The interface pipeline, one end of which is connected to the human body, includes a first channel for discharging waste liquid from the human body and a second channel for inputting new liquid towards the human body. A circulation replacement pipeline, connected to the other end of the interface pipeline, includes an inlet pipeline connected to the first channel to receive the waste liquid, a new liquid pipeline connected to the second channel to output the new liquid, and an irrigation device connected in series between the inlet pipeline and the new liquid pipeline. The irrigation device receives the waste liquid to remove toxins and then outputs it to the new liquid pipeline. A driving device is installed in the interface pipeline or circulation replacement pipeline to drive the flow of waste liquid and fresh liquid; A control device for executing CFPD treatment modes to control the drive device to drive the continuous flow of the waste liquid and the fresh liquid.

2. The solute replacement system of claim 1, wherein, The interface conduit is configured as a double-lumen conduit, with the first channel corresponding to the first lumen of the double-lumen conduit and the second channel corresponding to the second lumen of the double-lumen conduit.

3. The solute replacement system of claim 1, wherein, The interface conduit includes a first conduit and a second conduit, the inner lumen of the first conduit corresponding to the first channel, and the inner lumen of the second conduit corresponding to the second channel.

4. The solute replacement system of claim 1, wherein, The irrigation device includes a single irrigation device, multiple irrigation devices connected in series, multiple irrigation devices connected in parallel, or multiple irrigation devices connected in a series-parallel combination.

5. The solute replacement system of claim 4, wherein, The perfusion device includes an adsorption layer of a single adsorbent material or a mixture of multiple adsorbent materials, or the perfusion device is layered with multiple adsorbent materials to form multiple adsorption layers.

6. The solute displacement system according to claim 4, characterized in that, The perfusion device is layered with activated carbon and anion exchange material to form an activated carbon adsorption layer and an anion exchange material adsorption layer; or it is layered with activated carbon and cation exchange material to form an activated carbon adsorption layer and a cation exchange material adsorption layer; or it is layered with activated carbon, anion exchange material, and cation exchange material to form an activated carbon adsorption layer, anion exchange material adsorption layer, and cation exchange material adsorption layer.

7. The solute displacement system according to claim 1, characterized in that, A replenishment fluid branch is provided downstream of the irrigation device for supplying replenishment fluid to the circulation replacement pipeline.

8. The solute displacement system according to claim 7, characterized in that, The replenishment fluid branch is equipped with a container for storing replenishment fluid and a replenishment fluid pump for delivering the replenishment fluid in the container to the new fluid pipeline.

9. The solute displacement system according to claim 7, characterized in that, A Venturi tube is installed downstream of the irrigation device, and the replenishment fluid branch is connected to the Venturi tube so that the replenishment fluid is delivered to the circulation and replacement pipeline through the Venturi effect.

10. The solute displacement system according to claim 9, characterized in that, A one-way valve is provided on the replenishment fluid branch to open under the Venturi effect, allowing the replenishment fluid to be delivered to the circulation displacement pipeline.

11. The solute displacement system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The drive device includes a drive fluid pump configured on the interface pipeline or the circulation displacement pipeline.

12. The solute displacement system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The driving device includes a first liquid pump disposed on the inlet pipeline and a second liquid pump disposed on the new liquid pipeline, for changing the total liquid equilibrium state of the solute displacement system by means of the differential speed of the first liquid pump and the second liquid pump.

13. A peritoneal dialysis device, characterized in that, Includes the solute displacement system as described in any one of claims 1 to 12.

14. A medical emergency device, characterized in that, Includes the solute displacement system as described in any one of claims 1 to 12.

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