A bridge anti-collision device
By combining buffer airbags and buffer components on the bridge, the stability and durability issues of existing anti-collision devices for water bridges have been solved, achieving all-round buffering and energy absorption of the bridge piers, and ensuring the safety and durability of the bridge.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- ZHEJIANG INT MARITIME COLLEGE
- Filing Date
- 2025-07-03
- Publication Date
- 2026-06-19
AI Technical Summary
Existing anti-collision devices for bridges on water suffer from poor stability, low durability, or high cost, failing to effectively buffer the impact energy of ships and affecting the safety and durability of bridge piers.
It adopts a combination design of multiple sets of buffer airbags and buffer components, including arc plate, sliding column, sliding plate and connecting spring. It disperses impact energy by shearing the bolts to break, and combines the energy absorption of the buffer airbags to achieve all-round protection.
It effectively absorbs and disperses the impact energy of ships, reduces the impact force on bridge piers, improves the safety and durability of bridges, and facilitates maintenance and component replacement.
Smart Images
Figure CN224378792U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of bridge engineering safety protection technology, specifically to a collision avoidance device for water bridges. Background Technology
[0002] In bridge engineering design, the structural selection of column piers often requires comprehensive consideration of environmental factors, hydrological conditions, and functional requirements. As a key component of the bridge substructure, the most common design form of column piers is the cylindrical column. This streamlined structure not only effectively reduces water flow resistance but also facilitates flood discharge during the flood season, thus it is widely used in bridges spanning rivers.
[0003] With the continuous increase in waterway transportation volume, ships navigating near bridge piers face the risk of collisions. A collision can result in minor damage to the pier surface, affecting its durability and aesthetics, or even structural damage, jeopardizing the safety of the entire bridge. Therefore, effective anti-collision devices are necessary. Existing anti-collision measures for water bridges mainly include installing loose buoys around the piers, adding wooden pile embankments, or using steel anti-collision piers. However, loose buoys have poor stability and are easily washed away by currents; wooden pile embankments have low durability and require frequent maintenance; and steel anti-collision piers are bulky, costly to install and replace, and pose a significant risk of direct impact to ships, failing to effectively buffer impact energy.
[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need to design a waterborne anti-collision device for small bridge cylindrical piers, which can provide cushioning performance when subjected to impact, and effectively meet the protection needs of such piers. Utility Model Content
[0005] The purpose of this utility model is to provide a collision avoidance device for bridges on water. This device can effectively buffer and absorb the impact energy of ships or other objects on bridge piers, reduce the risk of damage to bridge piers from impacts, and ensure the safety and durability of bridges.
[0006] The technical solution adopted by this utility model to solve the above problems is: a bridge anti-collision device for waterways, including a mounting frame and several sets of anti-collision units. The mounting frame is installed and fixed on the outside of the bridge pier. Several sets of anti-collision units are arranged at equal intervals around the outer periphery of the mounting frame. Each anti-collision unit includes a mating shell and a buffer airbag. The buffer airbag is disposed on the front of the mating shell. Several sets of buffer components are symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of the mating shell.
[0007] Preferably, the buffer component includes an arc-shaped plate, a sliding column, a sliding plate, and two sets of connecting springs. The arc-shaped plate and the sliding plate are respectively disposed at both ends of the sliding column. The sliding column is slidably connected to the mating shell. The sliding plate is disposed inside the mating shell. Both ends of the sliding plate are connected and fixed to the inner sidewall of the mating shell through two sets of connecting springs. The arc-shaped plate is disposed outside the mating shell. When the arc-shaped plate is subjected to external impact, the sliding column retracts into the mating shell, and the sliding plate moves away from the inner sidewall of the mating shell, causing the connecting springs to stretch after being stretched.
[0008] Preferably, the mating shell has several sets of shear bolts fixed in the internal threaded connection. When the sliding plate moves away from the inner sidewall of the mating shell, it impacts the shear bolts, causing the shear bolts to break under shear force.
[0009] Preferably, the mating shell is provided with an elastic pad, and the left and right sides of the elastic pad are provided with limit plates, and the upper and lower ends of the limit plates are respectively connected and fixed to the sliding plate.
[0010] Preferably, the mating shell includes a shell and a cover, and the shell and the cover are connected and fixed by a number of sets of threaded fasteners.
[0011] Preferably, the mounting bracket and the anti-collision unit are detachably connected. The mounting bracket includes a middle shell plate and mounting frames that are circumferentially spaced around the outer periphery of the middle shell plate. A mounting groove is provided below the mounting frame. A bent plate that is compatible with the mounting groove is provided on the back of the shell.
[0012] Preferably, the arc-shaped plate is provided with a compression plate at its end, and the buffer airbag is disposed between the compression plates of the buffer components on the left and right sides of the mating shell. When either side of the arc-shaped plate is impacted, its compression plate moves closer to the buffer airbag side to compress it.
[0013] Preferably, a support plate is provided between the arc-shaped plate and the sliding column, as well as between the arc-shaped plate and the extrusion plate.
[0014] Compared with the prior art, this utility model has the following advantages and effects:
[0015] This invention achieves comprehensive protection for bridge piers through the synergistic effect of multiple sets of buffer airbags and buffer components. The buffer airbags are made of elastic rubber and filled with compressed air. Upon impact, they absorb and buffer impact energy through deformation, reducing the impact force on the bridge pier. The buffer components on both sides of the shell, through the design of sliding columns, sliding plates, and connecting springs, initially buffer the impact force. When the impact force exceeds the maximum tensile limit of the connecting springs, the shear bolts further restrict the displacement of the sliding plates, dispersing and gradually dissipating the impact energy, protecting the bridge pier from direct impact. Attached Figure Description
[0016] Figure 1 This is a structural schematic diagram of a water bridge anti-collision device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
[0017] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the anti-collision unit in an embodiment of this utility model.
[0018] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 A magnified view of the area marked A.
[0019] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of the connection structure between the mounting bracket and the anti-collision unit in an embodiment of this utility model.
[0020] Figure numbers: Mounting bracket 11, Anti-collision unit 12, Mating shell 13, Buffer airbag 14, Buffer component 15, Arc plate 16, Sliding column 17, Sliding plate 18, Connecting spring 19, Shear bolt 21, Elastic pad 22, Limiting plate 23, Shell 24, Shell cover 25, Middle shell plate 26, Mounting frame 27, Mounting groove 28, Bending plate 29, Extrusion plate 31, Support plate 32. Detailed Implementation
[0021] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and through embodiments. The following embodiments are explanations of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.
[0022] Example:
[0023] See Figures 1-4 In this embodiment, a collision avoidance device for a water bridge is disclosed, specifically for the protection of cylindrical piers of small bridges. The device includes a mounting frame 11 and several sets of collision avoidance units 12. The mounting frame 11 is fixed to the outside of the pier, and the several sets of collision avoidance units 12 are arranged at equal intervals around the outer periphery of the mounting frame 11. Each collision avoidance unit 12 includes a mating shell 13 and a buffer airbag 14. The buffer airbag 14 is disposed on the front of the mating shell 13, and several sets of buffer components 15 are symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of the mating shell 13.
[0024] Specifically, in this embodiment, the anti-collision unit 12 is provided with two sets of buffer airbags 14, which are distributed vertically on the front of the mating shell 13. The buffer airbags 14 are made of elastic rubber material and filled with compressed air, giving them good elastic deformation capability. When the buffer airbags 14 are impacted, they absorb and buffer the impact energy through their own deformation, reducing the impact force acting on the bridge pier.
[0025] The mating shell 13 is provided with a total of 6 sets of buffer components 15, with 3 sets on each of the left and right sides of the mating shell 13. The buffer components 15 bear the impact from both sides of the mating shell 13 and buffer the impact energy. In addition, 3 sets of anti-collision units 12 are provided around the outer perimeter of the bridge pier. The 3 sets of anti-collision units 12 are arranged at equal intervals, which can achieve 360° blind-spot-free protection around the outer perimeter of the bridge pier and maintain the buffering and energy absorption effect in collisions from any direction.
[0026] In this embodiment, the buffer component 15 includes an arc-shaped plate 16, a sliding column 17, a sliding plate 18, and two sets of connecting springs 19. The arc-shaped plate 16 and the sliding plate 18 are respectively disposed at both ends of the sliding column 17. The sliding column 17 is slidably connected to the mating shell 13. The sliding plate 18 is disposed inside the mating shell 13. Both ends of the sliding plate 18 are connected and fixed to the inner sidewall of the mating shell 13 through two sets of connecting springs 19. The arc-shaped plate 16 is disposed outside the mating shell 13. When the arc-shaped plate 16 is subjected to external impact, the sliding column 17 retracts into the mating shell 13, and the sliding plate 18 moves away from the inner sidewall of the mating shell 13, causing the connecting springs 19 to be stretched after being pulled, thereby initially buffering the impact force.
[0027] The mating shell 13 is internally threaded with several sets of shear bolts 21. When the impact force exceeds the maximum tensile limit of the connecting spring 19, the sliding plate 18 moves away from the inner wall of the mating shell 13 and impacts the shear bolts 21, causing the shear bolts 21 to break under shear force. This further restricts the displacement of the sliding plate 18. The impact energy is dispersed and gradually consumed through the breakage of the shear bolts 21, protecting the bridge pier from direct impact. In this embodiment, the shear bolts 21 have a hollow structure, so that when the shear bolts 21 are impacted by the sliding plate 18, they first undergo compression deformation to absorb part of the impact energy, and then break.
[0028] An elastic pad 22 is provided inside the mating shell 13. Limiting plates 23 are provided on the left and right sides of the elastic pad 22, and the upper and lower ends of the limiting plates 23 are respectively connected and fixed to the sliding plate 18. When the sliding plate 18 moves, the limiting plates 23 move accordingly, causing the elastic pad 22 to deform and further absorb impact energy. The elastic pad 22 enhances the energy absorption capacity of the mating shell 13.
[0029] The mating shell 13 includes a shell 24 and a cover 25. The shell 24 and the cover 25 are connected and fixed by several sets of threaded fasteners, which makes it easy to open the mating shell 13 for internal repair or replacement of parts after the anti-collision unit 12 is damaged, thus improving the maintainability of the device.
[0030] The mounting bracket 11 is detachably connected to the anti-collision unit 12. The mounting bracket 11 includes a middle shell plate 26 and mounting frames 27 evenly spaced around the outer periphery of the middle shell plate 26. See also Figure 4 A mounting slot 28 is provided below the mounting frame 27, and a bent plate 29 is provided on the back of the housing 24 to be inserted into the mounting slot 28. During installation, simply align the bent plate 29 of the anti-collision unit 12 with the mounting slot 28 and insert it, maintaining a stable insertion state under the buoyancy of the buffer airbag 14. When any anti-collision unit 12 is damaged, it can be disassembled simply by deflating the buffer airbag 14, which is convenient for maintenance.
[0031] The arc-shaped plate 16 is provided with a compression plate 31 at its end. The buffer airbag 14 is disposed between the compression plates 31 of the buffer components 15 on the left and right sides of the mating shell 13. When either side of the arc-shaped plate 16 is impacted, its compression plate 31 moves closer to the buffer airbag 14 to be compressed and deformed, thereby further absorbing the impact energy.
[0032] Support plates 32 are provided between the arc-shaped plate 16 and the sliding column 17, as well as between the arc-shaped plate 16 and the extrusion plate 31. The provision of support plates 32 improves the connection strength between the arc-shaped plate 16, the sliding column 17, and the extrusion plate 31, thereby preventing the arc-shaped plate 16 from breaking when impacted, which would cause the fracture surface to tear the buffer airbag 14 and cause the buffer airbag 14 to fail.
[0033] The above description in this specification is merely illustrative of the present invention. Those skilled in the art to which this invention pertains may make various modifications or additions to the described specific embodiments or use similar methods to replace them, as long as they do not depart from the content of this specification or exceed the scope defined in the claims, all of which shall fall within the protection scope of this invention.
Claims
1. A water bridge anti-collision device, characterized in that, It includes a mounting frame and several sets of anti-collision units. The mounting frame is fixed to the outside of the bridge pier. Several sets of anti-collision units are arranged at equal intervals around the outer periphery of the mounting frame. Each anti-collision unit includes a mating shell and a buffer airbag. The buffer airbag is located on the front of the mating shell. Several sets of buffer components are symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of the mating shell.
2. A bridge anti-collision device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The buffer component includes an arc-shaped plate, a sliding column, a sliding plate, and two sets of connecting springs. The arc-shaped plate and the sliding plate are respectively disposed at both ends of the sliding column. The sliding column is slidably connected to the mating shell. The sliding plate is disposed inside the mating shell. Both ends of the sliding plate are connected and fixed to the inner sidewall of the mating shell through two sets of connecting springs. The arc-shaped plate is disposed outside the mating shell. When the arc-shaped plate is subjected to external impact, the sliding column retracts into the mating shell, and the sliding plate moves away from the inner sidewall of the mating shell, causing the connecting springs to stretch after being stretched.
3. A bridge anti-collision device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mating shell is fixed with several sets of shear bolts by internal thread connection. When the sliding plate moves away from the inner sidewall of the mating shell, it impacts the shear bolts, causing the shear bolts to break after being subjected to shear force.
4. A bridge anti-collision device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mating shell is provided with an elastic pad, and the left and right sides of the elastic pad are provided with limit plates, and the upper and lower ends of the limit plates are respectively connected and fixed to the sliding plate.
5. A bridge anti-collision device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mating shell includes a shell and a cover, which are connected and fixed by a number of threaded fasteners.
6. A bridge anti-collision device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The mounting bracket is detachably connected to the anti-collision unit. The mounting bracket includes a middle shell plate and mounting frames that are circumferentially spaced around the outer periphery of the middle shell plate. A mounting groove is provided below the mounting frame. A bent plate that is compatible with the mounting groove is provided on the back of the shell.
7. A bridge anti-collision device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The arc-shaped plate is provided with a compression plate at its end, and the buffer airbag is provided between the compression plates of the buffer components on the left and right sides of the mating shell. When either side of the arc-shaped plate is impacted, its compression plate moves closer to the buffer airbag side to compress it.
8. A bridge anti-collision device according to claim 7, characterized in that: Support plates are provided between the arc-shaped plate and the sliding column, as well as between the arc-shaped plate and the extrusion plate.