A well type and a whipstock for construction thereof

Abstract

This utility model discloses a well type and a deflector for its construction, relating to the field of geothermal energy development devices, including an injection well and an extraction well; the injection well includes a downhole main injection channel and at least one injection branch channel branching from the main injection channel; the extraction well includes a downhole main extraction channel and at least one extraction branch channel branching from the main extraction channel; the main injection channel and the main extraction channel are connected, and the injection branch channel and the extraction branch channel are interconnected; this utility model, through a network design combining the main channel and multiple branch channels, constructs an efficient and sustainable heat exchange system underground, solving the defects of low efficiency and poor stability in existing geothermal development technologies, and providing a key technical path for realizing large-scale and high-efficiency geothermal energy development.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of geothermal energy development devices, and in particular to a well type and a deflector used for its construction. Background Technology

[0002] Geothermal energy is a renewable energy source with abundant reserves, cleanliness, and reliability. Its efficient development and utilization are of great significance for optimizing the energy structure and achieving energy conservation and emission reduction. Currently, in urban areas, the development and utilization of shallow geothermal energy mainly revolves around ground source heat pump systems to provide heating and cooling services for buildings. However, in urban environments, especially in mature residential areas, the working space available for geothermal drilling is usually extremely limited, which greatly restricts the selection and application of geothermal development technologies. The currently widely used traditional geothermal exchange modes, such as traditional vertical wells or single horizontal wells with coaxial heat exchange, have limited heat exchange efficiency and small heat exchange area, resulting in low heat extraction per well and difficulty in meeting the needs of large-scale heating.

[0003] Therefore, the industry urgently needs an innovative geothermal development structure that can significantly increase the underground heat exchange area, thereby significantly improving the heat exchange efficiency of a single system. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a well type and a deflector for its construction, in order to solve the problems existing in the prior art, which can significantly increase the underground heat exchange area and thus significantly improve the heat exchange efficiency of a single system.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following solution:

[0006] This utility model provides a well type, including: an injection well and an extraction well; the injection well includes a downhole injection main channel and at least one injection branch channel branching from the injection main channel; the extraction well includes a downhole extraction main channel and at least one extraction branch channel branching from the extraction main channel; the injection main channel and the extraction main channel are connected, and the injection branch channel and the extraction branch channel are interconnected.

[0007] This utility model also provides a directional drilling tool for drilling the well type described above, for insertion into the main channel, comprising an outer shell, a guide body, slips, an inner wedge, a feed pipe, and a soluble ball; the outer shell has openings at the top and bottom; the guide body is connected to the upper part of the outer shell for guiding the drill string to drill branch channels; the slips have a first position and a second position, and the slips can slide from the first position to the second position; when the slips are in the first position, there is a gap between the slips and the inner wall of the casing; when the slips are in the second position, they are anchored to the inner wall of the casing, achieving locking; the inner wedge... A wedge-shaped body is axially movable downward within the outer shell. When the inner wedge moves downward, it can compress the slip from the first position to the second position. The guide body has a first channel, and the inner wedge has a second channel; the first and second channels are interconnected to form a continuous channel. One end of the feed tube is connected to the continuous channel, and the other end is connected to a hydraulic drive device, enabling the inner wedge to move axially downward by delivering hydraulic power. A dissolvable ball is used to block the continuous channel and can dissolve to reopen it.

[0008] In some embodiments, the guide body is detachably connected to the housing via threads.

[0009] In some embodiments, the inner wedge body is further provided with a limiting component, which includes a limiting wedge and an elastic element; the limiting wedge is capable of horizontal sliding, one end of the limiting wedge has an upward-facing inclined surface, and the other end is connected to the elastic element; in the initial state, under the elastic force of the elastic element, the inclined end of the limiting wedge extends into the second channel, the second channel also has a tapered portion, and the limiting wedge is disposed above the tapered portion; the limiting wedge can overcome the elastic force of the elastic element and move away from the second channel under the downward pressure of the soluble ball, so that the soluble ball can move to the tapered portion to block the continuous channel; the elastic element is used to provide a reset force for the limiting wedge, so that the limiting wedge returns to its initial state when it is not squeezed by the soluble ball.

[0010] In some embodiments, the limiting component further includes a stop, and one end of the elastic member abuts against the stop.

[0011] In some embodiments, an anti-drift tube is also included, which has a first end and a second end. The first end abuts against and communicates with one end of the feed tube and is slidably disposed in the first channel. The second end abuts against the inner wedge and communicates with the second channel. The first channel is also provided with threads, and the feed tube is threadedly connected to the first channel. When the feed tube rotates downward, its bottom end presses against the first end of the anti-drift tube, thereby restricting the inner wedge from moving upward.

[0012] In some embodiments, the feed tube is made of nylon material and has a weak section located within 10 cm of the inclined surface of the guide body, which is intended to be broken off after the card is seated.

[0013] In some embodiments, the inner wedge is connected to the outer shell by a shear pin, and the inner wedge, driven by hydraulic power, can shear the shear pin to break it, thereby enabling the inner wedge to move axially downward.

[0014] In some embodiments, the outer casing has a through hole along its thickness direction, a portion of the shear pin is located within the through hole, and a plug is disposed on the side of the through hole away from the shear pin, the plug being used to seal the port of the through hole away from the shear pin.

[0015] In some embodiments, a self-expanding rubber ring is also provided outside the outer casing.

[0016] The present invention achieves the following technical advantages over the prior art:

[0017] This utility model relates to a well structure, including an injection well and an extraction well. The injection well consists of a main injection channel and at least one branch injection channel branching from the main channel; the extraction well consists of a main extraction channel and at least one branch extraction channel branching from the main channel. The main injection channel and the main extraction channel are interconnected, as are the branch injection channels and the branch extraction channels. This utility model employs a networked design combining the main channel and multiple branch channels, effectively solving the problem of limited space and difficulty in arranging traditional geothermal wells in residential areas. This structure only requires a main well channel on the surface, and by deploying branch channels on the main well channel, a highly efficient and sustainable heat exchange system can be constructed underground, significantly improving the efficiency and stability of geothermal development and providing key technical support for the large-scale, high-efficiency development and utilization of geothermal energy. Attached Figure Description

[0018] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0019] Figure 1 Here are some examples of well-shaped structures;

[0020] Figure 2 For use in Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the directional diverter used in the construction of the central well type;

[0021] Figure 3 for Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the inclined device when the inner wedge moves downward to push out the slip;

[0022] Figure 4 for Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the inclined device when the self-expanding rubber ring expands.

[0023] In the diagram: 100 - Residential building; 10 - Injection well; 11 - Main injection channel; 12 - Branch injection channel; 20 - Extraction well; 21 - Main extraction channel; 22 - Branch extraction channel; 1 - Feed pipe; 2 - Guide body; 3 - Anti-drift pipe; 4 - Outer shell; 5 - Block; 6 - Shear pin; 7 - Inner wedge; 8 - Slip; 9 - Self-expanding rubber ring; 10 - Limiting wedge; 11 - Elastic element; 12 - Stop; 13 - Soluble ball. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0025] The purpose of this invention is to provide a well type and a deflector for its construction, in order to solve the problems existing in the prior art, which can significantly increase the underground heat exchange area and thus significantly improve the heat exchange efficiency of a single system.

[0026] To make the above-mentioned objectives, features and advantages of this utility model more apparent and understandable, the utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0027] Example 1

[0028] Combination Figure 1 This embodiment provides a well type, including an injection well 10 and an extraction well 20; the injection well 10 includes a downhole injection main channel 11 and at least one injection branch channel 12 branching off from the injection main channel 11; the extraction well 20 includes a downhole extraction main channel 21 and at least one extraction branch channel 22 branching off from the extraction main channel 21; the injection main channel 11 and the extraction main channel 21 are connected, and the injection branch channel 12 and the extraction branch channel 22 are interconnected, preferably any two connected channels are connected end to end.

[0029] The well design provided in this embodiment effectively solves the problem of limited space and difficulty in arranging traditional geothermal wells in residential areas by adopting a network design that combines a main channel with multiple branch channels. This structure only requires opening a main well channel on the ground and deploying branch channels on the main well channel to build an efficient and sustainable heat exchange system underground, significantly improving the efficiency and stability of geothermal development and providing key technical support for the large-scale, high-efficiency development and utilization of geothermal energy.

[0030] Example 2

[0031] This embodiment provides a directional drilling tool for drilling the well type in Embodiment 1. It is inserted into the main channel and includes an outer shell 4, a guide body 2, slips 8, an inner wedge 7, a feed pipe 1, and a soluble ball 13. The outer shell 4 has openings at the top and bottom. The guide body 2 is connected to the upper part of the outer shell 4 to guide the drill string to drill branch channels. The slips 8 have a first position and a second position, and the slips 8 can slide from the first position to the second position. When the slips 8 is in the first position, there is a gap between the slips 8 and the inner wall of the casing. When the slips 8 is in the second position, it is anchored to the casing. The inner wall allows for seated clamping; the inner wedge 7 is axially movable downward within the outer shell 4, and when the inner wedge 7 moves downward, it can compress the clamp 8 from a first position to a second position; wherein, the guide body 2 is provided with a first channel, and the inner wedge 7 is provided with a second channel, and the first channel and the second channel are interconnected to form a continuous channel; one end of the feed pipe 1 is connected to the continuous channel, and the other end is connected to the hydraulic drive device, which can drive the inner wedge 7 to move downward axially by conveying hydraulic power; the dissolvable ball 13 is used to block the continuous channel and can dissolve to reopen the continuous channel.

[0032] The directional drilling device provided in this embodiment is used to be placed in the main channel and includes an outer shell 4, a guide body 2, slips 8, an inner wedge 7, a feed pipe 1, and a dissolvable ball 13. The guide body 2 is used to guide the drill bit to drill the branch channel. The dissolvable ball 13 is inserted into the continuous channel set by the guide body 2 and the inner wedge 7 to block it. The inner wedge 7 is driven by a hydraulic device to move downward along the axis to push out the slips 8, so that the device is anchored in the casing. After the operation is completed, the ball can be dissolved to reopen the channel without additional intervention, avoiding cumbersome subsequent operations and significantly improving the efficiency and reliability of the operation.

[0033] In some embodiments, the guide body 2 is detachably connected to the outer casing 4 via threads.

[0034] This embodiment provides a specific connection method between the guide body 2 and the outer shell 4. The connection is detachable by thread, which facilitates the quick disassembly and replacement of the guide body 2 when inspecting the internal components of the equipment. This greatly shortens the maintenance time and reduces the difficulty of maintenance operations. It is understood that different guide bodies 2 have different guide angles, and the applicability of the device can be improved by replacing different guide bodies 2.

[0035] In some embodiments, the inner wedge 7 is further provided with a limiting component, which includes a limiting wedge 10 and an elastic member 11. The limiting wedge 10 is capable of horizontal sliding, with one end of the limiting wedge 10 having an upward-facing inclined surface and the other end connected to the elastic member 11. In the initial state, under the elastic force of the elastic member 11, the inclined end of the limiting wedge 10 extends into the second channel, which also has a tapered portion. The limiting wedge 10 is positioned above the tapered portion. Under the downward pressure of the soluble ball 13, the limiting wedge 10 can overcome the elastic force of the elastic member 11 and move away from the second channel so that the soluble ball 13 can move to the tapered portion to block the continuous channel. The elastic member 11 is used to provide a reset force for the limiting wedge 10 so that the limiting wedge 10 returns to its initial state when it is not squeezed by the soluble ball 13.

[0036] In this embodiment, the limiting component initially pushes the inclined end of the limiting wedge 10 into the second channel, which can pre-limit the soluble ball 13 to prevent premature sliding. Only when the soluble ball 13 is pressed down can it push the limiting wedge 10 to overcome the elastic force and move smoothly into the tapered section sealing channel, which can accurately control the sealing timing and improve the sealing performance. The elastic component 11 can also reset the limiting wedge 10 when there is no compression, realize repeated adaptation, and the overall structure linkage simplifies the operation. The buffer and pre-limiting design of the elastic component 11 can also reduce component wear and extend its service life.

[0037] In some embodiments, the limiting component further includes a stop 12, with one end of the elastic member 11 abutting against the stop 12. On the one hand, this provides a stable and precise support reference for the elastic member 11, preventing it from shifting or tilting when stretched under force, ensuring that it always outputs uniform elastic force to the limiting wedge 10 along a preset direction, guaranteeing the stability of the pre-limiting and resetting actions of the limiting wedge 10, and reducing the risk of limiting failure due to misalignment of the elastic member 11. On the other hand, the fixed position of the stop 12 can indirectly limit the initial compression and extension stroke of the elastic member 11, facilitating precise control of the initial elastic force of the elastic member 11, ensuring that the limiting wedge 10 can stably extend into the second channel in the initial state, while avoiding excessive compression and damage to the elastic member 11, extending the service life of the elastic member 11, and improving the overall working reliability of the limiting component.

[0038] In some embodiments, an anti-retraction tube 3 is also included. The anti-retraction tube 3 has a first end and a second end. The first end abuts against and communicates with one end of the feed tube 1 and is slidably disposed in the first channel. The second end abuts against the inner wedge 7 and communicates with the second channel. The first channel is also provided with threads, and the feed tube 1 is threadedly connected to the first channel. When the feed tube 1 rotates downward, its bottom end presses against the first end of the anti-retraction tube 3, thereby restricting the inner wedge 7 from moving upward.

[0039] In some embodiments, the feed tube 1 is made of nylon material and has a weak section. The weak section is located within 10cm of the inclined surface of the guide body 2 and is designed to be broken after the clamping is completed. The weak section is located within 10cm of the inclined surface of the guide body 2. After the clamping is completed, only appropriate pulling force needs to be applied to break it, which can quickly achieve the separation of the feed tube 1 without additional complicated cutting or disassembly procedures, greatly simplifying the separation operation after clamping and improving construction efficiency.

[0040] In some embodiments, the inner wedge 7 is connected to the outer shell 4 by a shear pin 6. Under hydraulic power, the inner wedge 7 can shear the shear pin 6 to break it, thereby enabling the inner wedge 7 to move axially downward.

[0041] In this implementation, the shear pin 6 can stably lock the inner wedge 7 during non-operational phases, preventing it from moving prematurely. The inner wedge 7 is only allowed to move downwards when the hydraulic power reaches a preset threshold, precisely controlling the timing of the action to ensure orderly operation. At the same time, in the connected state, the shear pin 6 can firmly connect the two, forming a stable whole. During equipment transportation and installation, it resists external impacts, prevents the inner wedge 7 from shifting, and ensures the initial position accuracy of the core components. Moreover, the shear pin 6 can be directly unlocked by hydraulic power, without the need for additional structures. The triggering is simple and efficient, and it can quickly switch the state of the inner wedge 7 and reduce control complexity. In addition, the fracture strength of the shear pin 6 can be precisely designed. When it breaks, only the pin itself is damaged, without damaging the inner wedge 7, the outer shell 4, or other core components. This achieves controllable failure and reduces component wear and maintenance costs.

[0042] In some embodiments, the outer casing 4 has a through hole along its thickness direction. Part of the structure of the shear pin 6 is located inside the through hole, and a plug 5 is provided on the side of the through hole away from the shear pin 6. The plug 5 is used to seal the port of the through hole away from the shear pin 6. By sealing the port of the through hole with the plug 5, external impurities are prevented from entering the inside of the device through the through hole, preventing impurities from interfering with the connection stability of the shear pin 6, contaminating the mating gap between the inner wedge 7 and the outer casing 4, or damaging core components such as the limiting component and the channel structure, thus ensuring the cleanliness of the inside of the device and the normal working environment of each component.

[0043] In some embodiments, a self-expanding rubber ring 9 is also provided outside the outer shell 4. The self-expanding rubber ring 9 will expand when it encounters drilling fluid or formation fluid downhole, tightly fitting and sealing the annular space between the outer shell 4 and the casing wall, which can further enhance the sealing effect.

[0044] It should be noted that the structures, proportions, sizes, etc., depicted in the accompanying drawings of this specification are only for the purpose of assisting those skilled in the art in understanding and reading the content disclosed in the specification, and are not intended to limit the conditions under which this utility model can be implemented. Therefore, they have no substantial technical significance. Any modifications to the structure, changes in the proportions, or adjustments to the size, without affecting the effects and objectives that this utility model can produce, should still fall within the scope of the technical content disclosed in this utility model.

[0045] It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, it is obvious that this utility model is not limited to the details of the above exemplary embodiments, and that this utility model can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of this utility model. Therefore, the scope of this utility model is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description, and thus it is intended to encompass all changes falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalents of the claims within this utility model.

[0046] This utility model uses specific examples to illustrate its principles and implementation methods. The above description of the embodiments is only for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core idea of ​​this utility model. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope based on the idea of ​​this utility model. In summary, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model.

Claims

1. A well type, characterized in that, include: Injection wells and extraction wells; the injection well includes a downhole main injection channel and at least one injection branch channel branching off from the main injection channel; The extraction well includes a main extraction channel downhole and at least one extraction branch channel branching off from the main extraction channel; The main injection channel and the main extraction channel are connected, and the injection branch channel and the extraction branch channel are interconnected.

2. A directional drilling tool for constructing the well type of claim 1, characterized in that, For placement in the main channel, including: The outer casing has openings at the top and bottom. A guide body, connected to the upper part of the outer shell, is used to guide the drill bit to drill branch channels; The slip has a first position and a second position, and the slip can slide from the first position to the second position; when the slip is in the first position, there is a gap between the slip and the inner wall of the sleeve; when the slip is in the second position, it is anchored to the inner wall of the sleeve to achieve locking. An inner wedge is disposed within the outer shell and is axially movable downward. When the inner wedge moves downward, it can compress the slip from the first position to the second position. The guide body is provided with a first channel, and the inner wedge is provided with a second channel. The first channel and the second channel are interconnected to form a continuous channel. The feed tube is connected at one end to the continuous channel and at the other end to the hydraulic drive device, which can drive the inner wedge to move downward along the axis by delivering hydraulic power. A soluble ball is used to block the continuous channel and can dissolve to reopen the continuous channel.

3. The slant device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The guide body is detachably connected to the outer casing via threads.

4. The slant device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The inner wedge body is further provided with a limiting component, which includes a limiting wedge and an elastic element. The limiting wedge is capable of horizontal sliding, with one end having an upward-facing inclined surface and the other end connected to the elastic element. In the initial state, under the elastic force of the elastic element, the inclined end of the limiting wedge extends into the second channel. The second channel also has a tapered portion, and the limiting wedge is positioned above the tapered portion. Under the downward pressure of the soluble ball, the limiting wedge can overcome the elastic force of the elastic element and move away from the second channel so that the soluble ball can move to the tapered portion to block the continuous channel. The elastic element is used to provide a reset force for the limiting wedge, so that the limiting wedge returns to its initial state when it is not squeezed by the soluble ball.

5. The slant device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The limiting component also includes a stop block, and one end of the elastic member abuts against the stop block.

6. The slant device according to claim 2, characterized in that, It also includes an anti-retrograde tube, which has a first end and a second end. The first end abuts against and communicates with one end of the feed tube and is slidably disposed in the first channel. The second end abuts against the inner wedge and communicates with the second channel. The first channel is also provided with threads, and the feed tube is threadedly connected to the first channel. When the feed tube rotates downward, its bottom end presses against the first end of the anti-retrograde tube, thereby restricting the inner wedge from moving upward.

7. The slant device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The feed tube is made of nylon material and has a weak section located within 10cm of the inclined surface of the guide body, which is designed to be broken off after the card is seated.

8. The slant device according to claim 2, characterized in that, In the initial state, the inner wedge is connected to the outer shell by a shear pin. Under the hydraulic power, the inner wedge can shear the shear pin and break it, so that the inner wedge can move axially downward.

9. The slant device according to claim 8, characterized in that, The outer casing has a through hole along its thickness direction. Part of the shear pin structure is located in the through hole, and a plug is provided on the side of the through hole away from the shear pin. The plug is used to seal the port of the through hole away from the shear pin.

10. The slant device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The outer shell is also provided with a self-expanding rubber ring.

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