Environment-friendly high-pressure pulse wire explosion type selective crushing device

Abstract

The utility model relates to an environmental protection type high pressure pulse line explosion type selective crushing device, include: pressure increasing device, energy storage device and discharge device, pressure increasing device is equipped with AC transformer, and energy storage device and discharge device are connected with AC transformer, discharge device includes control unit and electrode system that are connected in proper order in series, and control unit and electrode system all are connected with energy storage device, the utility model has the beneficial effect that: electrode top is hemispherical or conical, reduces the local concentration of electric field, prevents early breakdown, through electrode insulation design and sealing system, effectively prevent electrode from being eroded by vaporized metal wire, prolongs the service life of equipment, and simultaneously operating process is no dust, low noise, no harmful gas emission, accords with environmental protection requirement.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of power electronics, and in particular includes an environmentally friendly high-voltage pulse wire explosion selective crushing device. Background Technology

[0002] The crushing and recycling of rigid dielectric materials is one of the core challenges in the field of resource recycling. Traditional crushing technologies generally suffer from low efficiency, high energy consumption, and serious secondary pollution, making it difficult to meet the current requirements of green and low-carbon development. With the rapid development of the global construction industry, the treatment and reuse of concrete waste is becoming increasingly prominent.

[0003] Recycling concrete to extract recycled coarse aggregate during the demolition phase of a building's entire life cycle has become an important way to save natural aggregates and reduce carbon emissions.

[0004] Traditional demolition and separation technologies have several drawbacks: Firstly, mechanical crushing methods (such as extrusion, shearing, and grinding) easily damage the internal structure of materials during operation, leading to a significant decline in the performance of recycled aggregates, and lack of selectivity often results in over-crushing. Secondly, while traditional blasting methods can improve processing efficiency, the accompanying vibration, noise, and dust pollution pose serious threats to the environment and personnel safety. Furthermore, conventional external force crushing methods (filling, milling, drilling, sawing) and media transport blasting technologies (high-pressure water jetting, solid-state blasting) are not only inefficient or require high levels of physical labor, but may also cause potential chain reactions of structural damage, while also resulting in excessive consumption of water resources and internal combustion engine energy.

[0005] High-pressure pulse crushing technology possesses selective crushing capabilities, enabling effective separation of aggregates from the cement matrix and inducing directional tensile failure of the material. Especially when the electrical pulse duration is very short, the energy consumption per cycle is relatively low, allowing for multiple cyclic operations under the same energy supply conditions, significantly improving production efficiency and ensuring crushing effectiveness.

[0006] Despite the environmental advantages of high-voltage electric pulse crushing technology, it still faces numerous technical bottlenecks in practical applications. Existing devices generally suffer from short electrode system lifespan, low energy utilization, and insufficient adaptability. Particularly when processing metallic heterostructures or large-scale components, unstable discharge often leads to deteriorated crushing performance. Furthermore, the single-use nature of the metal wires in traditional wire blasting processes and the lack of effective dynamic pressure control mechanisms further restrict the large-scale application of this technology. Based on this technical background, designing a novel, environmentally friendly blasting device that consumes only electrical energy to achieve efficient selective crushing while maintaining long-term stable operation has become a pressing technical challenge in this field and a key to promoting the upgrading of solid waste resource utilization technologies. Utility Model Content

[0007] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the existing technology and provide an environmentally friendly high-pressure pulse linear detonation selective crushing device.

[0008] This environmentally friendly high-voltage pulse wire explosion selective crushing device includes: a pressurizing device, an energy storage device, and a discharge device; the pressurizing device is equipped with an AC transformer, and the energy storage device and the discharge device are connected to the AC transformer; the discharge device includes a control unit and an electrode system connected in series, and both the control unit and the electrode system are connected to the energy storage device.

[0009] Preferably, the booster device also includes a rectifier circuit; the rectifier circuit is a bridge rectifier circuit consisting of four diodes and a single charging resistor R1.

[0010] Preferably, the booster device also includes a rectifier circuit, which is a half-wave rectifier circuit consisting of a single diode and a single charging resistor R1.

[0011] Preferably, the energy storage device consists of two sets of capacitors connected in parallel, with each set consisting of two capacitors connected in series, and the capacitors are electrolytic capacitors.

[0012] Preferably, the electrode system includes a high-voltage electrode, a low-voltage electrode, and a metal fuse; the high-voltage electrode is connected to the energy storage device, and the low-voltage electrode is connected to the control unit.

[0013] Preferably, the discharge device is located inside a sealed device, and a sealing device cover is connected to the top of the sealed device; a high-voltage electrode rod and a low-voltage electrode rod are provided inside the sealed device, and both the high-voltage electrode rod and the low-voltage electrode rod are wrapped with insulating rubber for electrode rods; the bottom of the high-voltage electrode rod and the bottom of the low-voltage electrode rod are connected by a metal fuse and extend into the conductive medium.

[0014] Preferably, the surfaces of the high-voltage electrode and the low-voltage electrode are provided with a multi-ring structure, and the edges of the high-voltage electrode and the low-voltage electrode are wrapped with insulating rubber.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0016] 1) The electrode tip of this utility model is hemispherical or conical, which reduces the local concentration of the electric field and prevents premature breakdown.

[0017] 2) This utility model effectively prevents the electrodes from being corroded by vaporized metal wires through electrode insulation design and sealing system, thus extending the service life of the equipment. At the same time, the operation process is dust-free, low-noise, and free of harmful gas emissions, meeting environmental protection requirements. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a circuit diagram of the bridge rectifier circuit used in this utility model;

[0019] Figure 2 This is a circuit diagram of the half-wave rectifier circuit used in this utility model;

[0020] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the concrete slab crushing process according to the present invention.

[0021] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the sealing device structure of this utility model;

[0022] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the electrode system structure of this utility model.

[0023] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1. Pressure boosting device; 2. Energy storage device; 3. Discharge device; 11. AC transformer; 12. Rectifier circuit; 13. Rectifier filter circuit; 31. Gap discharge switch; 32. Control unit; 33. Electrode system; 34. Sealing device; 331. High-voltage electrode; 332. Low-voltage electrode; 333. Metal fuse; 401. Broken concrete slab; 402. Embedded hole; 403. Conductive medium; 404. Insulating rubber for electrode rod; 501. Multi-ring structure on electrode surface; 502. Electrode tip; 503. Insulating rubber for electrode edge; 504. Sealing device cover. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The present invention will be further described below with reference to embodiments. The description of the embodiments below is only for the purpose of helping to understand the present invention. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, several modifications can be made to the present invention without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

[0025] Example 1

[0026] As one embodiment, an environmentally friendly high-pressure pulse linear detonation selective crushing device is proposed, such as... Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the device includes a booster device 1, an energy storage device 2, and a discharge device 3. The booster device 1 converts low-voltage power into high-voltage direct current. The energy storage device 2 stores electrical energy and provides a stable voltage. The discharge device 3 controls the release of electrical energy and generates high-voltage pulses. The booster device 1 is equipped with an AC transformer 11, and the energy storage device 2 and the discharge device 3 are connected to the AC transformer 11. The discharge device 3 includes a control unit 32 and an electrode system 33 connected in series. Both the control unit 32 and the electrode system 33 are connected to the energy storage device 2. The control unit 32 includes a ball gap discharge switch 31, which controls the precise triggering of the high-voltage pulse and can adjust the trigger voltage. The control unit 32 is used to set the peak discharge voltage and the number of discharges to achieve automated control. The electrode system 33 includes a high-voltage electrode 331, a low-voltage electrode 332, and a metal fuse 333. The high-voltage electrode 331 is connected to the energy storage device 2, and the low-voltage electrode 332 is connected to the control unit 32.

[0027] The high-voltage pulse discharge device has a maximum charging voltage of 100kV, a single energy release peak of 100kJ, a charging power supply of 100V / 10A, and releases three pulse current waveforms of 2 / 20us, 4 / 10us and 8 / 20us to meet the needs of concrete crushing of different strengths and types.

[0028] The booster device 1 includes an AC transformer 11 and a rectifier circuit 12; the AC transformer 11 is used to boost the 220V AC power supply; the rectifier circuit 12 is used to convert the AC power into DC power, and to smooth the pulsating DC power after rectification and reduce voltage fluctuations.

[0029] like Figure 1 As shown, the rectifier circuit 12 is a bridge rectifier circuit composed of four diodes and a single charging resistor R1. The rectifier circuit 12 and the energy storage device 2 together form the rectifier filter circuit 13.

[0030] like Figure 2 As shown, the rectifier circuit 12 is a half-wave rectifier circuit composed of a single diode and a single charging resistor R1.

[0031] The diode in rectifier circuit 12 is a 1N4007 with a withstand voltage of 1000V; the resistance value of charging resistor R1 ranges from 1kΩ to 10kΩ, and the power of the charging resistor is not less than 5W. Charging resistor R1 is used to prevent excessive current when the capacitor of energy storage device 2 is charging, and to protect the diode and power supply.

[0032] The energy storage device 2 adopts a double-row, double-capacitor structure. The double-row, double-capacitor structure consists of two sets of capacitors connected in parallel, and each set of capacitors consists of two capacitors connected in series. Specifically, capacitors C1 and C2 are connected in series, capacitors C3 and C4 are connected in series, and capacitors C1 and C2 are connected in parallel with capacitors C3 and C4. The capacitors are electrolytic capacitors with a capacitance of not less than 1000μF and a withstand voltage of not less than 400V. The energy storage device 2 is used to smooth the pulsating DC power after rectification, reduce voltage fluctuations, provide a large amount of current in a short time, ensure a stable power supply during discharge, isolate DC components and filter out high-frequency noise, and provide a stable high voltage for subsequent circuits.

[0033] After the booster device 1 outputs a smooth and stable high-voltage DC power, the energy storage device 2 continuously accumulates electrical energy. When the set voltage value is reached, the control unit 32 sends a trigger signal. After receiving the trigger signal, the ball gap discharge switch 31 is turned on, and the electrical energy in the energy storage device 2 is released instantaneously. Through the metal fuse 333 in the electrode system 33, high-temperature plasma and strong shock waves are generated, achieving selective crushing of concrete.

[0034] Example 2

[0035] As another embodiment, this second embodiment proposes a more specific environmentally friendly high-pressure pulse linear detonation selective crushing device based on the first embodiment.

[0036] like Figure 3-5 As shown, the electrode system 33 is constructed using the wire blasting method. Pre-embedded holes 402 are evenly provided on the broken concrete slab 401 according to a specific hole layout. The diameter of the pre-embedded holes 402 is 8-15mm, and the depth of the pre-embedded holes 402 is 60%-80% of the thickness of the broken concrete slab 401. The spacing between the pre-embedded holes 402 is determined according to the strength of the broken concrete slab 401, and is usually 20-50cm. The pre-embedded holes 402 are filled with a conductive medium 403, which includes tap water, transformer oil, or a specific ester.

[0037] like Figure 3-5 As shown, the discharge device 3 is located inside the sealing device 34, and a sealing device cover 504 is connected to the top of the sealing device 34. The sealing device 34 is used to prevent the internal conductive medium 403 from being ejected from the pre-embedded hole 402 due to the shock wave generated by the discharge, which would affect the fracture effect of the broken concrete slab 401. The material of the sealing device 34 has good mechanical strength, pressure resistance and insulation properties. The sealing device cover 504 is made of engineering plastic or composite material with a thickness of 8-12mm. The sealing ring of the sealing device cover 504 is made of nitrile rubber or fluororubber, which has good oil resistance, pressure resistance and elastic recovery properties. The sealing device cover 504 and the sealing device 34 are connected by fixing screws. The fixing screws are stainless steel expansion bolts to ensure the connection stability under impact load.

[0038] like Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the sealing device 34 is equipped with a high-voltage electrode 331 and a low-voltage electrode 332. The tops of the high-voltage electrode 331 and the low-voltage electrode 332 are respectively the high-voltage electrode 331 and the low-voltage electrode 332. Both the high-voltage electrode 331 and the low-voltage electrode 332 are wrapped with insulating rubber 404 with a thickness of 3-5 mm. The bottoms of the high-voltage electrode 331 and the low-voltage electrode 332 are connected by a metal fuse 333 and extend into the conductive medium 403. The edges of the high-voltage electrode 331 and the low-voltage electrode 332 are wrapped with insulating rubber 503 to prevent the vaporized metal fuse 333 from corroding the high-voltage electrode 331 and the low-voltage electrode 332.

[0039] like Figure 5 As shown, both the high-voltage electrode 331 and the low-voltage electrode 332 are made of highly conductive metallic materials such as copper, stainless steel, or special alloys. The surfaces of both electrodes have multi-ring structures 501, with a spacing of 5-10 mm and a thickness of 1-2 mm, to enhance the discharge effect and make the discharge more uniform. The electrode tip 502 is hemispherical or conical to reduce the local concentration of the electric field and prevent premature breakdown.

[0040] It should be noted that the parts in this embodiment that are the same as or similar to those in Embodiment 1 can be referred to each other, and will not be repeated in this application.

[0041] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, with each embodiment focusing on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referred to each other.

Claims

1. An environmentally friendly high-pressure pulse wire explosion type selective crushing device, characterized in that, include: The device includes a booster, an energy storage device, and a discharge device. The booster is equipped with an AC transformer, and the energy storage device and the discharge device are connected to the AC transformer. The discharge device includes a control unit and an electrode system connected in series, and both the control unit and the electrode system are connected to the energy storage device.

2. The environmentally friendly high-pressure pulsed wire explosion selective fragmentation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The booster also includes a rectifier circuit; the rectifier circuit is a bridge rectifier circuit consisting of four diodes and a single charging resistor R1.

3. The environmentally friendly high-pressure pulsed wire explosion selective fragmentation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The booster also includes a rectifier circuit, which is a half-wave rectifier circuit consisting of a single diode and a single charging resistor R1.

4. The environmentally friendly high-voltage pulse linear detonation selective crushing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The energy storage device consists of two sets of capacitors connected in parallel, with each set consisting of two capacitors connected in series. The capacitors are electrolytic capacitors.

5. The environmentally friendly high-voltage pulse linear detonation selective crushing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The electrode system includes a high-voltage electrode, a low-voltage electrode, and a metal fuse; the high-voltage electrode is connected to the energy storage device, and the low-voltage electrode is connected to the control unit.

6. The environmentally friendly high-voltage pulse linear detonation selective crushing device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The discharge device is located inside the sealed device, and the top of the sealed device is connected to the sealed device cover; the sealed device contains a high-voltage electrode rod and a low-voltage electrode rod, both of which are wrapped with insulating rubber; the bottoms of the high-voltage electrode rod and the bottoms of the low-voltage electrode rod are connected by a metal fuse and extend into the conductive medium.

7. The environmentally friendly high-voltage pulse linear detonation selective crushing device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The surfaces of the high-voltage and low-voltage electrodes are provided with a multi-ring structure, and the edges of the high-voltage and low-voltage electrodes are wrapped with insulating rubber.

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