A centralized heating teaching experimental device

Abstract

This utility model belongs to the technical field of teaching experimental equipment, and particularly relates to a centralized heating teaching experimental device, including a control cabinet, a boiler, and radiator simulation buildings. Multiple radiator simulation buildings are provided, and these buildings can simulate at least two of the following heating modes: horizontal series, horizontal crossover, vertical single-pipe series, vertical crossover, and vertical double-pipe parallel. The control cabinet is electrically connected to the boiler, water pump, flow meter, first pressure gauge, thermometer, and second pressure gauge for on / off control and real-time data display. This centralized heating teaching experimental device, through its highly integrated design, comprehensively covers various heating network forms, uses hot water to simulate a real heating environment, and incorporates a precise hydraulic condition measurement system, thereby improving the quality and effectiveness of experimental teaching.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the technical field of teaching experimental equipment, and in particular relates to a centralized heating teaching experimental device. Background Technology

[0002] In the Building Environment and Energy Application Engineering major, Heating Engineering is a crucial course, and its experimental components play an irreplaceable role in consolidating and deepening students' understanding of theoretical knowledge. Among these, the hot water heating network experiment and the hydraulic condition experiment of the centralized heating network are two core experimental projects. However, existing experimental devices have several shortcomings, limiting the effectiveness of experimental teaching.

[0003] Traditional experimental setups for centralized heating systems often only demonstrate a limited number of heating network types, such as simple series and parallel networks, failing to comprehensively cover the diverse heating network layouts involved in real-world engineering projects. However, in practical applications, heating network forms are varied, and existing experimental setups are often limited to demonstrating only a few simple heating network structures, failing to fully showcase the differences and characteristics of various network types, thus restricting students' understanding of the diversity of heating network systems.

[0004] Furthermore, traditional hot water heating network experimental setups often use ambient temperature water for heating when simulating user heating, rather than simulating the actual hot water flow in operation. This results in the simulation of hydraulic conditions failing to match the complex hydraulic states of actual heating systems. Additionally, the pipe setup at the simulated user end is often simplified, typically using only a single section of pipe. This setup leads to a small pressure difference between the inlet and outlet, significantly different from the actual user's pressure difference. This difference makes it difficult for students to realistically experience the hydraulic conditions of a real heating system during the experiment, thus affecting their understanding of engineering parameters. Especially when simulating hydraulic imbalance, the lack of a significant pressure difference makes the hydraulic imbalance phenomenon insignificant, undoubtedly reducing the teaching effectiveness of the experiment.

[0005] Therefore, existing centralized heating teaching experimental devices have several shortcomings, including a single type of heating network, significant differences between simulated user heating and actual heating, and unclear hydraulic imbalance phenomena. These problems limit the effectiveness of experimental teaching and make it difficult for students to understand and master knowledge in the field of heating engineering. Therefore, an improved centralized heating teaching experimental device is needed to solve these problems and improve the quality and effectiveness of experimental teaching. Utility Model Content

[0006] This invention aims to solve the technical problems of existing centralized heating network pipe and hydraulic condition measurement teaching experimental devices, such as the single type of heating network, large discrepancies between simulated user heating and actual heating, and unclear hydraulic imbalance phenomena. This invention discloses a centralized heating teaching experimental device. By designing a highly integrated teaching experimental device, it comprehensively covers various types of heating network pipes, uses hot water to simulate a real heating environment, and sets up a precise hydraulic condition measurement system. This allows students to truly experience and understand the hydraulic conditions of the heating system and the characteristics of hot water flow in the experiment, improving the quality and effectiveness of experimental teaching.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution of this utility model is implemented as follows:

[0008] A centralized heating teaching experimental device includes:

[0009] A control cabinet is used to control the opening and closing of devices and to display measurement data.

[0010] A boiler, serving as a simulated centralized heat source, is equipped with a water supply main and a return main, and a water pump is installed on the return main.

[0011] The radiator simulates a building, which is heated by radiators and connected in parallel to the water supply main and return main. In each radiator simulated building, a ball valve, a first pressure gauge, a flow meter, and a second pressure gauge are installed on the water supply and return branch system formed by the water supply branch and return branch. The ball valve can regulate and switch the water flow in the radiator simulated building. The flow meter is used to measure the water flow in the water supply and return branch system. The first pressure gauge and the second pressure gauge measure the pressure of the water supply branch and the return branch, respectively. A thermometer is installed on the radiator to measure the radiator temperature.

[0012] Multiple radiator simulation buildings are set up, and the multiple radiator simulation buildings can simulate at least two of the following heating modes: horizontal series, horizontal crossover, vertical single-pipe series, vertical crossover, and vertical double-pipe parallel. Ball valve 2 is installed on the water supply main or return main between the multiple radiator simulation buildings.

[0013] The control cabinet is electrically connected to the boiler, water pump, flow meter, first pressure gauge, thermometer, and second pressure gauge, and is used for start-up and shutdown control and real-time data display.

[0014] Furthermore, a switching pipe is connected in parallel to the water supply main and return main of the boiler inlet and outlet, and a valve switching device is installed on the water supply main, return main and switching pipe to switch the boiler's heating mode from top to bottom or bottom to top.

[0015] Furthermore, the switching pipeline includes a first switching pipe and a second switching pipe, and the pipe valve switching device includes a first shut-off valve, a second shut-off valve, a third shut-off valve, and a fourth shut-off valve. The first shut-off valve is installed on the first switching pipe, the second shut-off valve is installed on the water supply main pipe, the third shut-off valve is installed on the second switching pipe, and the fourth shut-off valve is installed on the return water main pipe. When the first and third shut-off valves are closed and the second and fourth shut-off valves are opened, the heating mode is a bottom-supply, top-return mode. When the second and fourth shut-off valves are closed and the first and third shut-off valves are opened, the heating mode is a top-supply, bottom-return mode.

[0016] Furthermore, a constant pressure water tank is connected in parallel at the high position of the water supply main and the return main. The constant pressure water tank is connected to the water supply main and the return main through parallel inlet pipe and parallel return pipe. A tenth shut-off valve is installed on the parallel inlet pipe and an eleventh shut-off valve is installed on the parallel return pipe.

[0017] Furthermore, the radiator simulation building includes a first radiator simulation building, in which a radiator is installed. The radiator is connected to the water supply main pipe through a water supply branch pipe and to the water return main pipe through a water return branch pipe.

[0018] Furthermore, three first radiator simulation buildings are provided, and the three first radiator simulation buildings are connected in parallel between the water supply main and the water return main. A ball valve is installed on the branch pipe system of each first radiator simulation building, and a ball valve is installed on the water supply main or water return main between two adjacent first radiator simulation buildings. A ball valve, a first pressure gauge, a flow meter, and a second pressure gauge are installed in the water supply and return branch system of each first radiator simulation building.

[0019] Furthermore, the radiator simulation building includes a second radiator simulation building, which includes at least three horizontally arranged radiators. A fifth shut-off valve is connected in parallel on the inlet and outlet branches of each radiator. The second radiator simulation building can adjust itself to a horizontal single-pipe bypass heating mode or a horizontal direct current heating mode according to the on / off state of the fifth shut-off valve.

[0020] Furthermore, the radiator simulation building includes a third radiator simulation building, which includes at least three vertically arranged radiators. The pipes of the three radiators are connected in series, and a sixth shut-off valve is connected in parallel on the inlet and outlet branch pipes of multiple radiators. The third radiator simulation building can adjust its heating mode to vertical series or vertical crossover according to the on / off state of the sixth shut-off valve.

[0021] Furthermore, the radiator simulation building includes a fourth radiator simulation building, in which multiple radiators are arranged in parallel between the water supply branch pipes and the return branch pipes, and a ball valve is installed on the branch flow path of each radiator.

[0022] Furthermore, the water pump is a variable frequency water pump.

[0023] Compared with existing technologies, the centralized heating teaching experimental device described in this utility model has the following advantages:

[0024] 1. The centralized heating teaching experimental device described in this utility model, through its highly integrated design, can comprehensively cover various heating pipe network forms, including horizontal series, horizontal crossover, vertical single-pipe series, vertical crossover, vertical double-pipe parallel, top-supply and bottom-return, and bottom-supply and top-return, etc., providing students with a rich and diverse experimental platform. Through the simulation of diverse pipe network forms, students can gain a more comprehensive understanding of the characteristics and differences of different heating pipe network systems in the experiment, and deepen their understanding of heating engineering theory.

[0025] 2. The centralized heating teaching experimental device described in this utility model uses hot water to simulate a real heating environment. Through a precise hydraulic condition measurement system, including flow meters, pressure gauges, and thermometers, it displays the changes in water flow, pressure, and temperature in real time during the experiment, enabling students to truly experience the hydraulic conditions of the actual heating system and observe and understand the hot water flow characteristics under different heating modes.

[0026] 3. The centralized heating teaching experimental device described in this utility model, through flexible experimental design, enables students to perform various operations and adjustments during the experiment, such as adjusting the gate valve on the water supply main pipe and the gate valve at the inlet of each simulated building radiator, in order to observe the hydraulic change characteristics under different heating systems. This not only improves students' practical operation ability, but also cultivates their problem-solving ability and innovative thinking. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the principle of the centralized heating teaching experimental device described in this embodiment of the present invention, which adopts a bottom-feed and top-return pipe network mode.

[0028] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the principle of the centralized heating teaching experimental device described in this embodiment of the present invention, which adopts an upward supply and downward return pipe network mode.

[0029] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the control cabinet of the experimental device described in this embodiment of the utility model;

[0030] The markings in the diagram are as follows:

[0031] 1-Control cabinet; 2-Boiler; 3-Water supply main; 31-Water supply branch; 4-Return water main; 41-Return water branch; 5-Water pump; 6-Pipe and valve switching device; 601-First shut-off valve; 602-Second shut-off valve; 603-Third shut-off valve; 604-Fourth shut-off valve; 7-Pressure water tank; 701-Parallel inlet pipe; 702-Parallel return pipe; 703-Tenth shut-off valve; 704-Eleventh shut-off valve; 8-First diffuser Radiator simulation building; 9-Second radiator simulation building; 10-Third radiator simulation building; 11-Fourth radiator simulation building; 121-Ball valve one; 122-Ball valve two; 123-Ball valve three; 131-Fifth shut-off valve; 132-Sixth shut-off valve; 14-Flow meter; 15-First pressure gauge; 16-Thermometer; 17-Second pressure gauge; 18-Switching pipe; 181-First switching pipe; 182-Second switching pipe. Detailed Implementation

[0032] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this application. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0033] In the description of this application, it should be noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to this application. For ease of description, the dimensions of the various parts shown in the drawings are not drawn to actual scale. Techniques, methods, and devices known to those skilled in the art may not be discussed in detail, but where appropriate, such techniques, methods, and devices should be considered part of the specification. In all examples shown and discussed herein, any specific values ​​should be interpreted as merely exemplary and not as limitations. Therefore, other examples of exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters in the following drawings denote similar items; therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, it need not be further discussed in subsequent drawings.

[0034] It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," etc., used in the specification and claims of this application are used to distinguish similar objects and not to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such use of data can be interchanged where appropriate so that embodiments of this application can be implemented in orders other than those illustrated or described herein, and the objects distinguished by "first," "second," etc., are generally of the same class and are not limited in number; for example, a first object can be one or more. Furthermore, in the specification and claims, "and / or" indicates at least one of the connected objects, and the character " / " generally indicates that the preceding and following objects are in an "or" relationship.

[0035] It should be noted that in the description of this application, the directional terms such as "front, back, up, down, left, right", "horizontal, vertical, horizontal" and "top, bottom" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description. Unless otherwise stated, these directional terms do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation on the scope of protection of this application. The directional terms "inner" and "outer" refer to the inner and outer contours relative to the outline of each component itself.

[0036] It should be noted that, in this application, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes that element. Furthermore, it should be noted that the scope of the methods and apparatuses in the embodiments of this application is not limited to performing functions in the order shown or discussed, but may also include performing functions substantially simultaneously or in the reverse order, depending on the functions involved. For example, the described methods may be performed in a different order than described, and various steps may be added, omitted, or combined. Additionally, features described with reference to certain examples may be combined in other examples.

[0037] like Figures 1-3 As shown, this utility model discloses a centralized heating teaching experimental device, comprising:

[0038] Control cabinet 1 is used to control the opening and closing of the device and display measurement data;

[0039] Boiler 2 serves as a simulated centralized heat source, on which a water supply main pipe 3 and a return water main pipe 4 are installed, and a water pump 5 is installed on the return water main pipe 4.

[0040] A radiator simulates a building, which is heated by radiators and connected in parallel to a water supply main pipe 3 and a return main pipe 4. In each radiator simulated building, a ball valve 121, a first pressure gauge 15, a flow meter 14, and a second pressure gauge 17 are installed on the water supply and return branch system formed by the water supply branch pipe 31 and the return branch pipe 41. The ball valve 121 can regulate and switch the water flow in the radiator simulated building. The flow meter 14 is used to measure the water flow in the water supply and return branch system. The first pressure gauge 15 and the second pressure gauge 17 measure the pressure of the water supply branch pipe 31 and the return branch pipe 41, respectively. A thermometer 16 is installed on the radiator to measure the radiator temperature.

[0041] Multiple radiator simulation buildings are set up, and the multiple radiator simulation buildings can simulate at least two of the following heating modes: horizontal series, horizontal crossover, vertical single-pipe series, vertical crossover, and vertical double-pipe parallel. Ball valve 122 is installed on the water supply main 3 or return main 4 between the multiple radiator simulation buildings.

[0042] The control cabinet 1 is electrically connected to the boiler 2, water pump 5, flow meter 14, first pressure gauge 15, thermometer 16 and second pressure gauge 17, and is used for start-up and shutdown control and real-time data display.

[0043] This application discloses a centralized heating teaching experimental device, including: a control cabinet, a heat source boiler, a variable frequency water pump, a constant pressure water tank, a shut-off valve, a ball valve, a flow meter, a pressure gauge, a thermometer, a radiator, and pipes connecting the various components. The teaching experimental device described in this utility model is a simplified version of an urban centralized heating system. Figure 1 as well as Figure 2In the schematic diagram shown, the arrows away from the boiler represent the water supply pipes, and the arrows flowing towards the boiler represent the return pipes. The control cabinet 1 provides centralized control of the entire heating network experimental device, including the start and stop of the boiler 2, the operation of the water pump 5, and the data acquisition and display of various measuring instruments. The boiler 2 serves as a simulated centralized heat source, delivering hot water to each simulated radiator building via the water supply main pipe 3. These simulated radiator buildings are connected in parallel to the water supply main pipe 3 and the return main pipe 4, forming independent supply and return water branch systems. In each branch system, ball valve 121 is used to regulate and switch the water flow, flow meter 14 measures the water flow rate, first pressure gauge 15 and second pressure gauge 17 measure the pressure of the water supply branch pipe and the return branch pipe, respectively, and thermometer 16 measures the temperature of the radiator. The control cabinet 1 is electrically connected to each key component to achieve start / stop control and real-time data display. By operating control cabinet 1, teachers can adjust the operation of water pump 5 and the opening and closing of various valves, thereby simulating the hydraulic conditions under different heating modes. Combined with ball valves 122 on the supply main pipe 3 or return main pipe 4, multiple radiator simulated buildings can be flexibly switched and connected between different radiator simulated buildings, realizing the simulation of various heating modes such as horizontal series and horizontal cross-type systems. This allows students to observe the characteristics of hydraulic changes under different heating systems through experiments, enhancing their understanding of the working principle of the heating system. As a preferred example of this application, the water pump 5 is a variable frequency water pump.

[0044] The centralized heating teaching experimental device described in this utility model, through its highly integrated design and the simulation of multiple heating modes and the display of real-time data, helps students to fully understand the impact of different pipe network forms on system operation, and to intuitively experience the changes in water flow, pressure and temperature through experiments, thereby enhancing students' practical operation skills.

[0045] As a preferred example of this application, a switching pipe 18 is connected in parallel to the water supply main 3 and the return main 4 at the inlet and outlet of the boiler 2. A valve switching device 6 is installed on the water supply main 3, the return main 4, and the switching pipe 18 to switch between the boiler 2's upward supply and downward return heating modes or the downward supply and upward return heating modes. In the example of this application, the switching pipe 18 includes a first switching pipe 181 and a second switching pipe 182. The valve switching device 6 includes a first shut-off valve 601, a second shut-off valve 602, a third shut-off valve 603, and a fourth shut-off valve 604. The first shut-off valve 601 is installed on the first switching pipe 181, the second shut-off valve 602 is installed on the water supply main 3, the third shut-off valve 603 is installed on the second switching pipe 182, and the fourth shut-off valve 604 is installed on the return main 4. This invention connects a switching pipe 18 in parallel to the water supply main 3 and return main 4 at the inlet and outlet of boiler 2, and installs a valve switching device 6 containing four switching valves on these pipes. By precisely controlling the opening and closing states of these four shut-off valves, the heating mode can be flexibly switched between top-supply and bottom-supply and top-supply modes. When the top-supply and top-supply mode is needed, the shut-off valves related to the top-supply and bottom-supply mode are closed, and the shut-off valves related to the bottom-supply and top-supply mode are opened, allowing hot water to flow along the designed path; conversely, the shut-off valves related to the bottom-supply and top-supply mode are closed, and the shut-off valves related to the top-supply and bottom-supply mode are opened, thus switching the heating mode. This switching mechanism ensures that the hot water flow under different heating modes can be simulated during experimental teaching, while keeping the boiler inlet and outlet directions unchanged, achieving equipment sharing. In the example of this application, when the first shut-off valve 601 and the third shut-off valve 603 are closed, and the second shut-off valve 602 and the fourth shut-off valve 604 are opened, the heating mode is the bottom-supply and top-supply mode, and the system circulation principle diagram is as follows. Figure 1 As shown; when the second shut-off valve 602 and the fourth shut-off valve 604 are closed, and the first shut-off valve 601 and the third shut-off valve 603 are opened, the heating mode is the top-supply and bottom-return mode. The system circulation diagram is as follows. Figure 2 As shown.

[0046] This design enables flexible configuration of the heating system through simple valve switching operations, addressing the need to simulate different heating modes in experimental teaching. While this design cannot be directly applied to actual heating systems due to limitations such as heat source power, it demonstrates significant practical value in teaching experimental environments. It allows the teaching experimental device to simulate various heating conditions, helping students gain a more comprehensive understanding of the hydraulic conditions and hot water flow characteristics of centralized heating systems.

[0047] As a preferred example of this application, a pressure-regulating water tank 7 is connected in parallel at a high position to the water supply main 3 and the return main 4. The pressure-regulating water tank 7 is connected to the water supply main 3 and the return main 4 through parallel inlet pipes 701 and parallel return pipes 702. A tenth shut-off valve 703 is installed on the parallel inlet pipe 701, and an eleventh shut-off valve 704 is installed on the parallel return pipe 702. This utility model device, by installing a pressure-regulating water tank 7 in parallel at a high position to the water supply main 3 and the return main 4, realizes the free switching between two pressure-regulating modes: water supply pressure regulation and return pressure regulation. The pressure-regulating water tank 7 is connected to the water supply main 3 and the return main 4 through parallel inlet pipes 701 and parallel return pipes 702 respectively. A shut-off valve is installed on each pipe. By controlling the opening and closing states of these shut-off valves, different pressure-regulating modes can be switched. In the constant pressure supply mode, the shut-off valve on the parallel inlet pipe 701 is opened, and the shut-off valve on the parallel return pipe 702 is closed. At this time, the constant pressure tank 7 provides constant pressure to the supply main pipe 3 through the parallel inlet pipe 701. In the constant pressure return mode, the shut-off valve on the parallel return pipe 702 is opened, and the shut-off valve on the parallel inlet pipe 701 is closed. The constant pressure tank 7 then provides constant pressure to the return main pipe 4 through the parallel return pipe 702. In this application, the constant pressure return and constant pressure supply require different pipe pressures at the same location in the heating system. Each constant pressure method needs to be matched with the heat source power in the system. In actual heating systems, a fixed constant pressure method is generally selected. This utility model allows free switching between the two constant pressure modes. During experimental teaching, it is necessary to match the frequency of the system's heat source power pump, the valve opening degree, the position height of the elevated water tank, and the constant pressure mode to ensure the heating system reaches stability.

[0048] The teaching experimental device described in this application, by introducing a constant pressure water tank 7 and a shut-off valve, enables the device to simulate the operation of a heating system under two constant pressure modes, helping students understand the impact of constant pressure on the hydraulic conditions of the heating system. At the same time, it can adjust the frequency of the water pump, the valve opening, and the position of the water tank in the system to ensure the stable operation of the heating system under different constant pressure modes, thereby enhancing students' understanding of the dynamic adjustment of the heating system.

[0049] As a preferred example of this application, the radiator simulation building includes a first radiator simulation building 8, in which a radiator is installed. This radiator is connected to the supply main pipe 3 via a supply branch pipe 31 and to the return main pipe 4 via a return branch pipe 41. In this example, the first radiator simulation building 8 can simulate an independent heating building. Multiple first radiator simulation buildings 8 are provided. Through this structure, independent control of each radiator simulation building can be achieved, facilitating precise adjustment of the hydraulic conditions of each branch. As a specific example of this application, three first radiator simulation buildings 8 are provided, namely radiator one simulation building, radiator two simulation building, and radiator three simulation building. The three first radiator simulation buildings 8 are connected in parallel between the water supply main pipe 3 and the water return main pipe 4. A ball valve 121 is provided on the branch pipe system of each first radiator simulation building 8, and a ball valve 122 is provided on the main pipe between two adjacent first radiator simulation buildings 8. A ball valve 121, a first pressure gauge 15, a flow meter 14, and a second pressure gauge 17 are provided in the water supply and return branch system of each first radiator simulation building 8.

[0050] This setup not only simulates the radiator layout and water flow distribution in a real centralized heating system, but also significantly improves the flexibility and scalability of the experimental device by introducing multiple parallel radiator simulated buildings. The parallel layout of multiple radiator simulated buildings also facilitates conducting multiple sets of comparative experiments to explore the impact of different factors on the heating effect, providing strong experimental support for the optimized design, troubleshooting, and operation management of heating systems.

[0051] As a preferred example of this application, the radiator simulation building includes a second radiator simulation building 9, which includes at least three horizontally arranged radiators. A fifth shut-off valve 131 is connected in parallel on the inlet and outlet branch pipes of each radiator. The second radiator simulation building 9 can adjust its heating mode to a horizontal single-pipe bypass or horizontal direct-flow heating mode according to the on / off state of the fifth shut-off valve 131. In the example of this application, the second radiator simulation building 9 is used to simulate the horizontal heating mode of a building. Three radiators, namely radiator four, radiator five, and radiator six, are arranged between the water supply branch pipe 31 and the water return branch pipe 41 in the second radiator simulation building 9 to simulate three households on the same floor of a building. The pipe connection of the three radiators is direct-flow, and a fifth shut-off valve 131 is connected in parallel on the inlet and outlet branch pipes of each radiator. By controlling the on / off state of these fifth shut-off valves 131, the pipe connection of the heating system can be flexibly switched to realize the conversion between the horizontal single-pipe bypass or horizontal direct-flow heating mode. In the direct current mode, the heating hot water flows through three radiators in sequence; while in the single-pipe bypass mode, the hot water can bypass one or two radiators, thus simulating different heating conditions. In the specific experimental teaching process, when the switch of the shut-off valve corresponding to the second radiator simulating building 9 in the control cabinet is adjusted to "off", the heating network is a horizontal direct flow type. The heating hot water flows through radiator four, radiator five, and radiator six in sequence. When the system is running, the temperature of radiator four, radiator five, and radiator six should decrease sequentially. Students can judge whether the system is normal by the value of the surface temperature display corresponding to the radiator on the control cabinet. When one or two of the shut-off valves corresponding to the second radiator simulating building 9 in the control cabinet are adjusted to "off", the heating network is a horizontal bypass type. Close the shut-off valve connected in parallel with radiator four and radiator six, and open the shut-off valve connected in parallel with radiator five. At this time, the heating system hot water flows through radiator four and radiator six in sequence, bypassing radiator five. The temperature of radiator four, radiator six, and radiator five decreases sequentially. Students can judge whether the system is normal by the value of the surface temperature display corresponding to the radiator on the control cabinet.

[0052] This setup optimizes the horizontal heating mode of the teaching experimental device and allows students to visually observe the temperature changes of the radiator and the changes in the hydraulic conditions of the system under different heating modes during the experimental teaching process by adjusting the shut-off valve switch in the control cabinet. This greatly enriches the experimental teaching content.

[0053] As a preferred example of this application, the radiator simulation building includes a third radiator simulation building 10, which includes at least three vertically arranged radiators. A sixth shut-off valve 132 is connected in parallel on the inlet and outlet branch pipes of the upper radiator. The third radiator simulation building 10 can adjust its heating mode to vertical series or vertical bypass mode according to the on / off state of the sixth shut-off valve 132. In the example of this application, the third radiator simulation building 10 is used to simulate the vertical single-pipe heating mode of a building. Radiators seven, eight, and nine simulate three households from the first to the third floor of a building. The pipe connection of the three radiators is in series. The inlet and outlet branch pipes of radiators eight and nine on the second and third floors are connected in parallel with the sixth shut-off valve 132 respectively. By controlling the on / off state of these sixth shut-off valves 132, the pipe connection form of the heating system can be flexibly switched to realize the conversion between vertical series or vertical bypass heating modes. In the specific experimental teaching process, when the switch of the shut-off valve corresponding to the second radiator simulating building 9 in the control cabinet is adjusted to "off", the heating network is in a vertical series configuration, and the heating hot water flows sequentially through radiators seven, eight, and nine. During system operation, the surface temperature of the radiators decreases sequentially. Students can judge whether the system is normal by the value displayed on the surface temperature display of the corresponding radiator on the control cabinet. When one or two of the switches of the shut-off valves corresponding to the second radiator simulating building 9 in the control cabinet are adjusted to "off", the heating network is in a vertical bypass configuration. The shut-off valve connected in parallel to radiator eight is closed, and the shut-off valve connected in parallel to radiator nine is opened. At this time, the heating system hot water flows sequentially through radiators seven and nine, bypassing radiator eight. The temperature of radiators seven, nine, and eight decreases sequentially. Students can judge whether the system is normal by the value displayed on the surface temperature display of the corresponding radiator on the control cabinet.

[0054] This setup further enriches the experimental teaching content by optimizing the vertical single-pipe heating mode of the teaching experimental device. In this application, the hot water flow pipe network crossing method of the third radiator simulated building 10 and the second radiator simulated building 9 is similar, but in the vertical crossing mode, first-floor users are not allowed to cross. In the specific experimental teaching process, students can compare the similarities and differences between horizontal and vertical crossing through the experimental schematic diagram or experimental device, thereby reinforcing this theoretical knowledge.

[0055] As a preferred example of this application, the radiator simulation building includes a fourth radiator simulation building 11, in which multiple radiators are arranged in parallel between the water supply branch pipe 31 and the return water branch pipe 41, and a ball valve 323 is installed on the branch flow path of each radiator. Figure 1As shown, the fourth radiator simulation building 11 includes radiators 10, 11, and 12 arranged in parallel, with a ball valve 3 123 installed on the branch flow path of each radiator. In this example, the fourth radiator simulation building 11 is used to simulate the parallel structure of the supply branch pipe 31 and the return branch pipe 41, realizing the parallel arrangement of multiple radiators. Water flows in from the supply branch pipe, through each parallel radiator, and then back to the main system through the return branch pipe. This simulates how radiators in different rooms or areas of an actual heating system work independently according to demand, thereby achieving accurate simulation and testing of the entire heating system. In this example, to better characterize the devices in the attached drawings, the features of the relevant devices in the drawings are represented by Arabic numerals. For example, radiator 7 in the attached drawings is radiator seven in this application. Other related characterizations are consistent with the above-mentioned content and will not be repeated here.

[0056] In the example of this application, the boiler 2 is an electrically heated boiler. The boiler 2, water pump 5, and shut-off valve are powered by the control cabinet 1, allowing students to control their opening and closing during teaching. The gate valve (shut-off valve) in the pipeline system is a manual flow regulating valve. The pressure gauge and thermometer are connected to the control cabinet 1, and the measurement data is displayed on the control cabinet 1. The control cabinet layout is as follows: Figure 3 As shown, students can determine whether the experiment is running normally, diagnose and analyze faults, and perform data analysis of the results by observing changes in pressure and temperature.

[0057] The centralized heating teaching experimental device described in this application, through its highly integrated design, integrates various typical pipe network forms, heating modes, and pressure stabilization methods of centralized heating systems, providing students with a comprehensive, realistic, and flexible experimental platform. It allows for experiments on hydraulic imbalance phenomena in centralized heating systems during teaching. In the design of the radiator simulation buildings, this device employs multiple layouts and connection methods to simulate different situations in actual heating systems, comprehensively covering various heating pipe network forms such as horizontal series, horizontal bypass, vertical single-pipe series, vertical bypass, vertical double-pipe parallel, top-supply bottom-return, and bottom-supply top-return. Students can conduct resistance change experiments in each building's heating loop by adjusting the gate valves on the water supply main or at the inlet of each simulated building's radiator, observing horizontal hydraulic imbalance phenomena. Simultaneously, by adjusting the gate valves at the entrances of each simulated floor in a single simulated building, vertical hydraulic imbalance experiments within the building can be conducted. These experiments not only help students understand the hydraulic conditions and hot water flow characteristics of heating systems but also improve their practical operational skills and problem-solving abilities.

[0058] The embodiments of this application have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings. Unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of this application can be combined with each other. This application is not limited to the specific embodiments described above. The specific embodiments described above are merely illustrative and not restrictive. Those skilled in the art can make many other forms under the guidance of this application without departing from the spirit and scope of the claims, and all of these forms are within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A centralized heating teaching experimental device, characterized in that, include: Control cabinet (1) is used to control the opening and closing of the device and display measurement data; Boiler (2), as a simulated centralized heat source, is equipped with a water supply main pipe (3) and a return water main pipe (4), and a water pump (5) is installed on the return water main pipe (4); A radiator simulates a building, which is heated by radiators and connected in parallel to the water supply main (3) and the return main (4). In each radiator simulated building, a ball valve (121), a first pressure gauge (15), a flow meter (14), and a second pressure gauge (17) are installed on the water supply and return branch system formed by the water supply branch (31) and the return branch (41). The ball valve (121) can regulate and switch the water flow of the radiator simulated building. The flow meter (14) is used to measure the water flow of the water supply and return branch system. The first pressure gauge (15) and the second pressure gauge (17) measure the pressure of the water supply branch (31) and the return branch (41) respectively. A thermometer (16) is installed on the radiator to measure the radiator temperature. Multiple radiator simulation buildings are set up, and the multiple radiator simulation buildings can simulate at least two of the following heating modes: horizontal series, horizontal crossover, vertical single-pipe series, vertical crossover, and vertical double-pipe parallel. Ball valve 2 (122) is set on the water supply main (3) or return main (4) between the multiple radiator simulation buildings. The control cabinet (1) is electrically connected to the boiler (2), water pump (5), flow meter (14), first pressure gauge (15), thermometer (16) and second pressure gauge (17) for start-up and shutdown control and real-time data display.

2. The centralized heating teaching experimental device according to claim 1, characterized in that, A switching pipe (18) is connected in parallel to the water supply main (3) and return main (4) at the inlet and outlet of the boiler (2). A pipe valve switching device (6) is installed on the water supply main (3), return main (4) and switching pipe (18) to switch the boiler (2) between the upward supply and downward return heating mode or the downward supply and upward return heating mode.

3. The centralized heating teaching experimental device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The switching pipe (18) includes a first switching pipe (181) and a second switching pipe (182). The valve switching device (6) includes a first shut-off valve (601), a second shut-off valve (602), a third shut-off valve (603), and a fourth shut-off valve (604). The first shut-off valve (601) is installed on the first switching pipe (181), the second shut-off valve (602) is installed on the water supply main pipe (3), the third shut-off valve (603) is installed on the second switching pipe (182), and the fourth shut-off valve (604) is installed on the return water main pipe (4). When the first shut-off valve (601) and the third shut-off valve (603) are closed, the second shut-off valve (602) and the fourth shut-off valve (604) are opened, and the corresponding heating mode is the bottom supply and top return mode. When the second shut-off valve (602) and the fourth shut-off valve (604) are closed, the first shut-off valve (601) and the third shut-off valve (603) are opened, and the corresponding heating mode is the top supply and bottom return mode.

4. The centralized heating teaching experimental device according to claim 1 or 3, characterized in that, A pressure-regulating water tank (7) is connected in parallel at the high position of the water supply main (3) and the return main (4). The pressure-regulating water tank (7) is connected to the water supply main (3) and the return main (4) through a parallel inlet pipe (701) and a parallel return pipe (702). A tenth shut-off valve (703) is installed on the parallel inlet pipe (701), and an eleventh shut-off valve (704) is installed on the parallel return pipe (702).

5. The centralized heating teaching experimental device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The radiator simulation building includes a first radiator simulation building (8), in which a radiator is installed. The radiator is connected to the water supply main pipe (3) through a water supply branch pipe (31) and to the water return main pipe (4) through a water return branch pipe (41).

6. The centralized heating teaching experimental device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The first radiator simulation building (8) is set up in three places. The three first radiator simulation buildings (8) are connected in parallel between the water supply main pipe (3) and the water return main pipe (4). A ball valve (121) is set on the branch pipe system of each first radiator simulation building (8). A ball valve (122) is set on the water supply main pipe (3) or water return main pipe (4) between two adjacent first radiator simulation buildings (8). A ball valve (121), a first pressure gauge (15), a flow meter (14), and a second pressure gauge (17) are set in the water supply and return branch system of each first radiator simulation building (8).

7. The centralized heating teaching experimental device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The radiator simulation building includes a second radiator simulation building (9), which includes at least three horizontally arranged radiators. A fifth shut-off valve (131) is connected in parallel on the inlet and outlet branches of each radiator. The second radiator simulation building (9) can adjust itself to a horizontal single-pipe crossover or horizontal direct current heating mode according to the on / off state of the fifth shut-off valve (131).

8. The centralized heating teaching experimental device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The radiator simulation building includes a third radiator simulation building (10), which includes at least three vertically arranged radiators. The pipes of the three radiators are connected in series, and a sixth shut-off valve (132) is connected in parallel on the inlet and outlet branches of multiple radiators. The third radiator simulation building (10) can be adjusted to a vertical series or vertical crossover heating mode according to the on / off state of the sixth shut-off valve (132).

9. The centralized heating teaching experimental device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The radiator simulation building includes a fourth radiator simulation building (11), in which multiple radiators are arranged in parallel between the water supply branch pipe (31) and the return water branch pipe (41) in the fourth radiator simulation building (11), and a ball valve three (123) is installed on the branch flow path of each radiator.

10. The centralized heating teaching experimental device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The water pump (5) is a variable frequency water pump.

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