Battery pack state detection device and electric vehicle

Abstract

This utility model discloses a battery pack status detection device and an electric vehicle. The battery pack status detection device includes: multiple sensor units, multiple BMS control boards, and a control unit; each sensor unit includes at least an acceleration sensor, and each acceleration sensor is correspondingly disposed on a battery pack, and the sensor unit is used to collect the acceleration signal of the battery pack; each BMS control board is correspondingly disposed on a battery pack, and the BMS control board is used to receive the acceleration signal of the battery pack and transmit the acceleration signal to the control unit; the control unit is communicatively connected to the multiple BMS control boards, and is used to receive the acceleration signals of multiple battery packs to determine the relative displacement between different battery packs and determine whether to alarm. This solves the problem of alarm lag in traditional detection methods after severe battery deformation or gas generation, and at the same time, it can directly check or replace specific battery packs based on the alarm information of the control unit, avoiding safety hazards.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of new energy vehicle technology, and in particular to a battery pack status detection device and an electric vehicle. Background Technology

[0002] In the widespread application of lithium-ion batteries, battery safety is a core issue. In particular, large-capacity battery packs such as power batteries and energy storage systems are prone to thermal runaway under abnormal conditions such as overcharging and overheating due to their active internal chemical systems and high energy density. This can lead to serious safety accidents such as bulging, smoke, fire, or even explosion.

[0003] Traditional battery management systems (BMS) use pressure sensors or hydrogen sensors to detect abnormalities in the battery pack. When a battery deteriorates or experiences thermal runaway, a large amount of gas may be generated inside, causing the battery pack to bulge and deform. In this case, the pressure sensor can detect the increase in internal gas pressure. The hydrogen sensor, on the other hand, can detect the hydrogen gas released during thermal runaway. Once such a signal is detected, the sensor sends an alarm signal to the microcontroller unit (MCU), triggering the protection mechanism.

[0004] However, pressure sensors can only react after the battery pack has actually deformed and the internal pressure has increased, while hydrogen sensors also need to wait for hydrogen to accumulate to a certain concentration before they can detect it. In reality, when the battery pack has already bulged significantly or released a detectable concentration of hydrogen, the battery pack has already begun to burn. This limits the time available for the system to take countermeasures after an alarm is triggered, resulting in insufficient safety. Utility Model Content

[0005] This invention provides a battery pack status detection device and an electric vehicle to solve the problem of delayed alarms in traditional detection methods after the battery has undergone severe deformation or gas production.

[0006] According to one aspect of the present invention, a battery pack status detection device is provided, comprising: multiple sensor units, multiple BMS control boards, and a control unit;

[0007] Each of the sensor units includes at least an acceleration sensor, and each acceleration sensor is correspondingly disposed on a battery pack. The sensor unit is used to collect the acceleration signal of the battery pack.

[0008] Each BMS control board is configured to correspond to a battery pack. The BMS control board is used to receive the acceleration signal of the battery pack and transmit the acceleration signal to the control unit.

[0009] The control unit is communicatively connected to multiple BMS control boards to receive acceleration signals from multiple battery packs, determine the relative displacement between different battery packs, and determine whether to trigger an alarm.

[0010] Optionally, multiple BMS control boards can be connected in series to transmit the acceleration signal to the control unit.

[0011] Optionally, the sensor unit may further include a pressure sensor and / or a hydrogen sensor.

[0012] Optionally, the control unit includes a data processing circuit and an integration circuit;

[0013] The input terminal of the data processing circuit is communicatively connected to one of the BMS control boards, and the output terminal of the data processing circuit is connected to the input terminal of the integrator circuit. The data processing circuit is used to process the acceleration signal of the battery pack to obtain the corresponding acceleration data; the integrator circuit is used to convert the acceleration data into displacement data.

[0014] Optionally, the data processing circuit includes an analog-to-digital converter (ADC), the input of which is communicatively connected to one of the BMS control boards, and the output of which is connected to the input of the integrator circuit. The ADC is used to sample the acceleration signals of each battery pack and convert the acceleration signals into acceleration data.

[0015] Optionally, the control unit further includes a comparison circuit connected to the integration circuit, the comparison circuit being used to determine whether to trigger an alarm based on the relationship between the relative displacement between different battery packs and a preset threshold.

[0016] Optionally, the control unit further includes an alarm circuit connected to the comparison circuit, the alarm circuit being used to trigger an alarm signal when the relative displacement between the different battery packs exceeds the preset threshold.

[0017] Optionally, the acceleration sensor includes a dual-axis acceleration sensor.

[0018] According to another aspect of the present invention, an electric vehicle is also provided, including the battery pack status detection device described in any embodiment of the present invention.

[0019] Optionally, the electric vehicle also includes a vehicle control system and a communication bus. The vehicle control system is connected to the control unit via the communication bus, and the communication bus is used to send alarm signals from the control unit to the vehicle control system. The vehicle control system is used to receive alarm signals from the control unit.

[0020] The technical solution of this utility model embodiment, by setting up multiple sensor units, including accelerometers, each mounted on a corresponding battery pack, can collect the acceleration signals of the corresponding battery pack and monitor the vibration, collision, or compression experienced by each battery pack in real time. Each BMS control board is configured with one battery pack, which can receive the acceleration data of the battery pack and transmit it to the control unit. The control unit analyzes the acceleration signals and calculates the relative displacement between different battery packs to determine whether to trigger an alarm. This solves the problem of alarm lag in traditional detection methods after severe battery deformation or gas generation. Furthermore, based on the alarm information from the control unit, specific battery packs can be directly inspected or replaced, avoiding safety hazards.

[0021] It should be understood that the description in this section is not intended to identify key or essential features of the embodiments of this utility model, nor is it intended to limit the scope of this utility model. Other features of this utility model will become readily apparent from the following description. Attached Figure Description

[0022] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a battery pack status detection device provided in an embodiment of this utility model;

[0024] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of another battery pack status detection device provided in this embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of another battery pack status detection device provided in this embodiment of the utility model;

[0026] Figure 4 This is a structural schematic diagram of an electric vehicle provided by an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0027] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0028] It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," etc., in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this utility model are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged where appropriate so that the embodiments of the utility model described herein can be implemented in orders other than those illustrated or described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion; for example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus that comprises a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units explicitly listed, but may include other steps or units not explicitly listed or inherent to such processes, methods, products, or apparatus.

[0029] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a battery pack status detection device provided in an embodiment of the present invention. This embodiment is applicable to scenarios with high safety requirements, such as electric vehicles and energy storage systems. Figure 1 As shown, the battery pack status detection device includes: multiple sensor units 101, multiple BMS control boards 102, and a control unit 103;

[0030] Each sensor unit 101 includes at least one acceleration sensor 1011, and each acceleration sensor 1011 is correspondingly disposed on a battery pack. The sensor unit 101 is used to collect the acceleration signal of the battery pack. Each BMS control board 102 is correspondingly disposed on a battery pack. The BMS control board 102 is used to receive the acceleration signal of the battery pack and transmit the acceleration signal to the control unit. The control unit 103 is communicatively connected to multiple BMS control boards 102 and is used to receive the acceleration signals of multiple battery packs to determine the relative displacement between different battery packs and to determine whether to trigger an alarm.

[0031] Each accelerometer 1011 is mounted on a battery pack, collecting acceleration signals to monitor the pack's motion in real time. Each battery pack has a BMS control board 102, which receives acceleration data from the corresponding battery pack's accelerometer 1011 and transmits this data to the control unit 103. The control unit 103 supports Automotive Safety Integrity Level D (ASIL-D) functional safety and has four cores and two lockstep cores. The four cores operate independently, and the control unit can simultaneously verify the functionality of the two lockstep cores, preventing false alarms and interference caused by malfunctions. It can also calculate the relative displacement between different battery packs in real time. Furthermore, the control unit 103 can perform algorithmic modeling to make judgments at different speeds and altitudes. The control unit 103 connects to all BMS control boards via communication lines, receiving acceleration signals from each battery pack. It also processes the acceleration data from all battery packs to calculate the displacement change of each pack over a period of time. By comparing the displacement data of different battery packs, the relative displacement between them is calculated to determine if there is a risk of battery pack loosening. For example, a safe preset threshold can be set within the control unit 103. When the calculated relative displacement exceeds the preset threshold, an alarm is immediately triggered. The alarm may manifest as a malfunction indicator light illuminating, text displayed on the instrument panel, or an audible alarm.

[0032] Specifically, the accelerometer 1011 on each battery pack collects acceleration data in real time, and each BMS control board 102 collects the data of its corresponding battery pack and transmits it to the control unit 103. The control unit 103 receives data from all battery packs, analyzes and calculates the relative displacement between different battery packs, and determines whether the relative displacement exceeds a preset safety threshold. If it exceeds the preset safety threshold, the control unit 103 immediately issues an alarm.

[0033] The technical solution of this utility model embodiment, by setting up multiple sensor units, including accelerometers, each mounted on a corresponding battery pack, can collect the acceleration signals of the corresponding battery pack and monitor the impact or compression experienced by each battery pack in real time. Each BMS control board is configured with one battery pack, which can receive the acceleration data of the battery pack and transmit it to the control unit. The control unit analyzes the acceleration signals and calculates the relative displacement between different battery packs to determine whether to trigger an alarm. This solves the problem of alarm lag in traditional detection methods after severe battery deformation or gas generation. Furthermore, based on the alarm information from the control unit, specific battery packs can be directly inspected or replaced, avoiding safety hazards.

[0034] In some optional embodiments of this utility model, reference continues to be made. Figure 1 Multiple BMS control boards 102 are connected in series to transmit acceleration signals to the control unit 103.

[0035] Multiple BMS control boards 102 are connected in series to form a communication link. Each BMS control board 102 collects the acceleration signal from the accelerometer of its corresponding battery pack in real time. The control unit 103 connects to the corresponding BMS control board 102 via the communication bus, which saves wiring harnesses and reduces costs and wiring complexity.

[0036] In some optional embodiments of this invention, the sensor unit further includes a pressure sensor and / or a hydrogen sensor.

[0037] When the battery reacts, it produces a large amount of gas, causing the internal pressure of the battery pack to rise. Pressure sensors can monitor the gas pressure inside the battery pack. During thermal runaway, the electrolyte decomposes, producing various gases, such as hydrogen. Hydrogen sensors can detect the hydrogen concentration inside the battery pack or at the outlet.

[0038] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of another battery pack status detection device provided in an embodiment of the present invention. In some optional embodiments of the present invention, such as... Figure 2 As shown, the control unit 103 includes a data processing circuit 1031 and an integration circuit 1032;

[0039] The input terminal of the data processing circuit 1031 is communicatively connected to a BMS control board 102, and the output terminal of the data processing circuit 1031 is connected to the input terminal of the integrator circuit 1032. The data processing circuit 1031 is used to process the acceleration signal of the battery pack and obtain the corresponding acceleration data; the integrator circuit 1032 is used to convert the acceleration data into displacement data.

[0040] The data processing circuit 1031 receives the acceleration signal of the battery pack transmitted from the BMS control board 102 and converts the acceleration signal into digital values ​​representing physical acceleration, i.e., acceleration data. The integrator circuit 1032 receives the acceleration data transmitted from the data processing circuit 1031. The integrator circuit 1032 integrates the acceleration data over time to convert it into velocity data, and then integrates it again over time to convert the velocity data into displacement data. After calculating the displacement data of different battery packs, the relative displacement between different battery packs is obtained, determining whether there is a risk of battery pack loosening, and thus deciding whether to trigger an alarm.

[0041] In some optional embodiments of this utility model, reference continues to be made. Figure 2The data processing circuit 103 includes an analog-to-digital converter 10311. The input terminal of the analog-to-digital converter 10311 is communicatively connected to a BMS control board 102, and the output terminal of the analog-to-digital converter 10311 is connected to the input terminal of the integrator circuit 1032. The analog-to-digital converter 10311 is used to sample the acceleration signals of each battery pack and convert the acceleration signals into acceleration data.

[0042] The analog-to-digital converter 10311 can achieve a high sampling rate. It receives acceleration signals from the BMS control board 102, converts them, and outputs acceleration data. The output acceleration data is then directly transmitted to the integrator circuit 1032.

[0043] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of another battery pack status detection device provided in the embodiment of the present utility model. In some optional embodiments of the present utility model, the control unit 103 further includes a comparison circuit 1033, which is connected to the integration circuit 1032. The comparison circuit 1033 is used to determine whether to alarm based on the relationship between the relative displacement between different battery packs and the preset threshold.

[0044] The comparator circuit 1033 can be a comparator that compares the relative displacement transmitted by the integrator circuit 1032 with a preset threshold, and outputs a high or low level signal based on the comparison result. For example, when the relative displacement is less than or equal to the preset threshold, the comparator circuit 1033 outputs a low level signal, and no alarm is triggered. When the relative displacement is greater than the preset threshold, the comparator circuit 1033 outputs a high level signal, and an alarm is triggered. For example, the preset threshold can be set to 1 cm. If the relative displacement between battery pack A and battery pack B is 0, it indicates that the battery packs are stable. If the relative displacement between battery pack A and battery pack B exceeds 1 cm, it indicates that the battery packs have become loose due to external force.

[0045] In some optional embodiments of this utility model, reference continues to be made. Figure 3 The control unit 103 also includes an alarm circuit 1034, which is connected to the comparison circuit 1033. The alarm circuit 1034 is used to trigger an alarm signal when the relative displacement between different battery packs exceeds a preset threshold.

[0046] The alarm circuit 1034 compares the level signal output by the circuit 1033. When a high-level signal is received, it indicates that the battery pack has begun to loosen, and the alarm circuit 1034 is activated, triggering an alarm signal. When a low-level signal is received, it indicates that the battery pack is normal, and the alarm circuit 1034 remains open. The alarm can manifest as illuminating a fault light, displaying a warning message on the instrument panel, or emitting an audible alarm.

[0047] In some optional embodiments of this invention, the acceleration sensor includes a biaxial acceleration sensor.

[0048] The dual-axis accelerometer features high sensitivity and a wide operating temperature range. It measures acceleration in two mutually perpendicular directions and can be any type of accelerometer, including capacitive, inductive, strain gauge, piezoresistive, and piezoelectric types. When the relative velocity between different battery packs changes, indicating that the packs have begun to loosen, and before deformation or leakage occurs, the pressure and hydrogen sensors are functioning, the dual-axis accelerometer can provide an early warning.

[0049] Figure 4 This is a structural schematic diagram of an electric vehicle provided by an embodiment of the present invention, as shown below. Figure 4 As shown, the electric vehicle 20 of this utility model includes a battery pack status detection device according to any embodiment of this utility model.

[0050] The electric vehicle 20 provided in this embodiment of the utility model has corresponding functional modules and beneficial effects.

[0051] In some optional embodiments of this utility model, the electric vehicle 20 further includes a vehicle control system 201 and a communication bus. The vehicle control system 201 is connected to the control unit 103 via the communication bus. The communication bus is used to send alarm signals from the control unit 103 to the vehicle control system 201. The vehicle control system 201 is used to receive alarm signals from the control unit 103.

[0052] The communication bus can be a CAN bus. The control unit 103 calculates the relative displacement between the battery packs based on acceleration data. When the relative displacement exceeds a preset threshold, an alarm signal is triggered, and the control unit 103 sends the alarm signal to the vehicle control system 201 via the communication bus. The vehicle control system 201 can then take protective measures to ensure safety based on the received alarm signal. These protective measures may include alerting the driver to safety, limiting power output, or forcibly cutting off power.

[0053] It should be understood that the various forms of the process shown above can be used, with steps reordered, added, or deleted. For example, the steps described in this utility model can be executed in parallel, sequentially, or in different orders, as long as the desired result of the technical solution of this utility model can be achieved, and this is not limited herein.

[0054] The specific embodiments described above do not constitute a limitation on the scope of protection of this utility model. Those skilled in the art should understand that various modifications, combinations, sub-combinations, and substitutions can be made according to design requirements and other factors. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of this utility model should be included within the scope of protection of this utility model.

Claims

1. A battery pack status detection device, characterized in that, include: Multiple sensor units, multiple BMS control boards, and control units; Each of the sensor units includes at least an acceleration sensor, and each acceleration sensor is correspondingly disposed on a battery pack. The sensor unit is used to collect the acceleration signal of the battery pack. Each BMS control board is configured to correspond to a battery pack. The BMS control board is used to receive the acceleration signal of the battery pack and transmit the acceleration signal to the control unit. The control unit is communicatively connected to multiple BMS control boards to receive acceleration signals from multiple battery packs, determine the relative displacement between different battery packs, and determine whether to trigger an alarm.

2. The battery pack status detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, Multiple BMS control boards are connected in series to transmit the acceleration signal to the control unit.

3. The battery pack status detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sensor unit also includes a pressure sensor and / or a hydrogen sensor.

4. The battery pack status detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The control unit includes a data processing circuit and an integration circuit; The input terminal of the data processing circuit is communicatively connected to one of the BMS control boards, and the output terminal of the data processing circuit is connected to the input terminal of the integrator circuit. The data processing circuit is used to process the acceleration signal of the battery pack to obtain the corresponding acceleration data; the integrator circuit is used to convert the acceleration data into displacement data.

5. The battery pack status detection device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The data processing circuit includes an analog-to-digital converter (ADC). The input terminal of the ADC is communicatively connected to one of the BMS control boards, and the output terminal of the ADC is connected to the input terminal of the integrator circuit. The ADC is used to sample the acceleration signals of each battery pack and convert the acceleration signals into acceleration data.

6. The battery pack status detection device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The control unit further includes a comparison circuit connected to the integration circuit. The comparison circuit is used to determine whether to trigger an alarm based on the relationship between the relative displacements of different battery packs and a preset threshold.

7. The battery pack status detection device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The control unit further includes an alarm circuit connected to the comparison circuit, the alarm circuit being used to trigger an alarm signal when the relative displacement between the different battery packs exceeds the preset threshold.

8. The battery pack status detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The accelerometer includes a biaxial accelerometer.

9. An electric vehicle, characterized in that, Includes the battery pack status detection device as described in any one of claims 1-8.

10. The electric vehicle according to claim 9, characterized in that, The electric vehicle also includes a vehicle control system and a communication bus. The vehicle control system is connected to the control unit via the communication bus. The communication bus is used to send alarm signals from the control unit to the vehicle control system. The vehicle control system is used to receive alarm signals from the control unit.

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