Systems and methods for integrated sensing and communications
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- EP · EP
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- ZTE CORP
- Filing Date
- 2023-08-10
- Publication Date
- 2026-06-17
Smart Images

Figure CN2023112318_13022025_PF_FP_ABST
Abstract
Description
SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR INTEGRATED SENSING AND COMMUNICATIONSTECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The disclosure relates generally to wireless communications, including but not limited to systems and methods for integrated sensing and communications.BACKGROUND
[0002] The standardization organization Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) is currently in the process of specifying a new Radio Interface called 5G New Radio (5G NR) as well as a Next Generation Packet Core Network (NG-CN or NGC) . The 5G NR will have three main components: a 5G Access Network (5G-AN) , a 5G Core Network (5GC) , and a User Equipment (UE) . In order to facilitate the enablement of different data services and requirements, the elements of the 5GC, also called Network Functions, have been simplified with some of them being software based, and some being hardware based, so that they could be adapted according to need.SUMMARY
[0003] The example embodiments disclosed herein are directed to solving the issues relating to one or more of the problems presented in the prior art, as well as providing additional features that will become readily apparent by reference to the following detailed description when taken in conjunction with the accompany drawings. In accordance with various embodiments, example systems, methods, devices and computer program products are disclosed herein. It is understood, however, that these embodiments are presented by way of example and are not limiting, and it will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art who read the present disclosure that various modifications to the disclosed embodiments can be made while remaining within the scope of this disclosure.
[0004] At least one aspect is directed to a system, method, apparatus, or a computer-readable medium of the following. A first wireless communication node (e.g., a radio access network (RAN) , RAN node or a NG-RAN node 1) may receive a sensing configuration via a first next generation radio access network application protocol (NGAP) message from an access and mobility management function (AMF) . The first wireless communication node may send a sensing measurement report related to (e.g., determined / obtained / generated according to) the sensing configuration, to the AMF. The present disclosure provides a solution about how sensing function can be deployed in a network, for the case that sensing function is in a core network, while the RAN is involved in sensing. The AMF may help forward a sensing configuration (e.g., to a RAN node) , and may report measurement results between a RAN node and a sensing function (SF) .
[0005] In some embodiments, the sensing configuration may comprise an indication of at least one of: a sensing measurement identifier (ID) ; a sensing mode; an area scope of sensing; at least one node that is involved in sensing measurement; a behavior of the at least one node; timing or trigger information of sending the sensing measurement report; a sensing signal; a request for the first wireless communication node to configure the sensing signal; a specification or requirement of the sensing measurement report; a metric to be collected for the sensing measurement report; a quality of service (QoS) requirement associated with the sensing measurement; a timing information associated with the sensing measurement; or a result of the sensing measurement to be reported. The present disclosure specifies detailed information which can be included in the sensing configuration. The information can be used by the RAN node or a UE to send sensing signals and / or to collect sensing results.
[0006] In some embodiments, the sensing measurement report may comprise an indication of at least one of: a sensing measurement identifier (ID) ; at least one node that is involved in sensing measurement; a result of the sensing measurement to be reported; or an area range that is involved in the sensing measurement. The present disclosure specifies the information that can be included in a sensing report and / or used by the SF for analysis.
[0007] In some embodiments, the first wireless communication node may send, to the AMF, an indication for indicating a usage of the sensing measurement report via a second NGAP message, wherein the usage may be for positioning or for sensing. The positioning result can be reused for sensing function. With the indication, the AMF may know / be notified where to forward the positioning report, e.g., to LMF or to SF. The LMF or SF may know whether the report can be used for its own function.
[0008] In some embodiments, the first wireless communication node may send a sensing configuration response in response to the first NGAP message (and / or to the sensing configuration) , to the AMF. The sensing configuration response can be used to send an acknowledgement about / to the sensing configuration. With the response, the SF can be aware of whether the configuration has been successfully received / accepted / configured / implemented or not. The sensing configuration response may comprise an indication of at least one of: a sensing measurement identifier (ID) ; a configuration status; at least one node that is successfully configured with the sensing configuration; at least one node that is involved in sensing measurement; timing information associated with the sensing measurement; a sensing signal; a result of the sensing measurement to be reported; or a cause value (e.g. indicative of a cause or reason for the sensing configuration being configured or implemented unsuccessfully) , if the sensing configuration is configured or implemented unsuccessfully. The information can be included in the configuration response message, in order to notify the SF about a status of (the configuration / implementation of) the sensing configuration.
[0009] In some embodiments, the first wireless communication node may receive sensing activation information related to a sensing function, via a third NGAP message from the AMF. The sensing activation information can be used to activate the sensing function. It should be noted that the configuration message may not be the message to trigger the sending function, because the RAN node may just store the sensing configuration without taking other actions. The sensing activation message can trigger the sensing function in the RAN side. The sensing activation information may comprise an indication of at least one of: a sensing measurement identifier (ID) ; at least one node that is to be activated for sensing measurement; an activation time window; timing or trigger information of sending the sensing measurement report; or an indication regarding how to report the sensing measurement report. The sensing activation information can be included in the activation message, which may describe how to activate the sensing function in the RAN side.
[0010] In some embodiments, the first wireless communication node may send a sensing activation response in response to the third NGAP message (and / or the sensing activation information) , to the AMF. The sensing activation message may include the acknowledgement about / to / for sensing activation. The sensing activation response may comprise an indication of at least one of: a sensing measurement identifier (ID) ; an activation status; at least one node that is successfully activated for sensing measurement; at least one node that is involved in the sensing measurement; or a cause value, if the sensing activation information is configured or implemented unsuccessfully. This cause value may include, describe or indicate a cause or reason for the sensing configuration being configured or implemented unsuccessfully. The sensing activation information can be included in the activation response message, to notify the SF about the status of activation.
[0011] In some embodiments, the first wireless communication node may receive a sensing result request related to the sensing configuration via a fourth NGAP message from the AMF. The first wireless communication node may send a sensing measurement response in response to the fourth NGAP message (and / or the sensing result request) to the AMF. The present disclosure provides a method for the reporting of sensing report. The reports may not be proactively reported to the SF, which means the SF may request for the report, so that the request message for the sensing result may have to be sent by the SF, and a response may be received by the SF.
[0012] In some embodiments, the first wireless communication node may send the sensing configuration in a first message to a second wireless communication node. The first wireless communication node may receive a sensing configuration response in response to the first message (and / or the sensing configuration) from the second wireless communication node. The present disclosure provides a solution for the sensing procedures between NG-RAN nodes. There can be various cases / architecture, including the following examples: Case 1: both NG-RAN nodes can be base stations; Case 2: NG-RAN node 1 can be gNB-CU while NG-RAN node 2 can be the gNB-DU. In these cases, the NG-RAN nodes are both involved in the sensing function.
[0013] In some embodiments, the first wireless communication node may send sensing activation information related to the sensing configuration, in a second message to a second wireless communication node. The first wireless communication node may receive a sensing activation response in response to the second message (and / or the sensing activation information) from the second wireless communication node. The first wireless communication node or NG-RAN node 1 may trigger the sensing function in the NG-RAN node 2, in this manner, for example.
[0014] In some embodiments, the first wireless communication node may send a sensing result request related to the sensing configuration, in a third message to a second wireless communication node. The first wireless communication node may receive a sensing measurement response in response to the third message (and / or the sensing result request) from the second wireless communication node. The first wireless communication node or NG-RAN node 1 may request for the sensing report collected in the NG-RAN node 2 (or second wireless communication node) .
[0015] In some embodiments, the first wireless communication node and the second wireless communication node can be two different base stations. In certain embodiments, the first wireless communication node can be a gNodeB-centralized unit (gNB-CU) , and the second wireless communication node can be a gNodeB-distributed unit (gNB-DU) , e.g., of the same gNB or different gNBs.
[0016] In some embodiments, the first wireless communication node may receive assistance information via a fifth NGAP message from the AMF. The first wireless communication node may send the assistance information according to the sensing configuration to a second wireless communication node. The SF may have some assistance information for the network to perform sensing function. The present disclosure describes the procedure for the AMF to forward the assistance information of sensing from SF to the NG-RAN node. The assistance information may comprise an indication of at least one of: a sensing measurement identifier (ID) ; additional assistance information for sensing or for positioning; when to start, stop, or pause broadcasting for the first wireless communication node; at least one cell for broadcasting; a priority of broadcasting; or sensing related system information. The sensing assistance information can be used by the NG-RAN node or the UE to perform sensing.
[0017] In some embodiments, the first wireless communication node may receive feedback information in response to the assistance information from the second wireless communication node. The first wireless communication node may send the feedback information via a sixth NGAP message to the AMF. The network may provide feedback on the assistance information. The feedback information may comprise an indication of at least one of: a sensing measurement identifier (ID) ; feedback on broadcasting related system information; at least one cell associated with the feedback information; or a cause value, if the assistance information is configured or implemented unsuccessfully. The information can be included in the feedback on the assistance information, which may make the SF be aware of which assistance information have been taken into account by the network and / or the UE successfully.
[0018] In some embodiments, the first, second, third, fourth, fifth, and / or sixth NGAP message may comprise at least one of: a downlink user equipment (UE) associated new radio positioning protocol A (NRPPA) transport message; a downlink non UE associated NRPPA transport message; a sensing configuration information message; a sensing configuration response message; an activation information message; a sensing activation response message; a sensing result request message; a sensing measurement response message; an assistance information control message; or an assistance information feedback message.
[0019] In some embodiments, an access and mobility management function (AMF) may send a sensing configuration via a first next generation radio access network application protocol (NGAP) message to a first wireless communication node (e.g., a RAN or a NG-RAN node 1) . The AMF may receive a sensing measurement report related to the sensing configuration from the first wireless communication node.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0020] Various example embodiments of the present solution are described in detail below with reference to the following figures or drawings. The drawings are provided for purposes of illustration only and merely depict example embodiments of the present solution to facilitate the reader's understanding of the present solution. Therefore, the drawings should not be considered limiting of the breadth, scope, or applicability of the present solution. It should be noted that for clarity and ease of illustration, these drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale.
[0021] FIG. 1 illustrates an example cellular communication network in which techniques disclosed herein may be implemented, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure;
[0022] FIG. 2 illustrates a block diagram of an example base station and a user equipment device, in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0023] FIG. 3 illustrates a block diagram of an example deployment of a sensing function, in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0024] FIG. 4 illustrates a block diagram of an example deployment of a sensing function, in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0025] FIG. 5 illustrates a block diagram of an example deployment of a sensing function, in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0026] FIG. 6 illustrates a block diagram of an example deployment of a sensing function, in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0027] FIG. 7 illustrates a sequence diagram of an example integrated sensing and communications system / process, in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0028] FIG. 8 illustrates a sequence diagram of an example integrated sensing and communications system / process, in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0029] FIG. 9 illustrates a sequence diagram of an example integrated sensing and communications system / process, in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0030] FIG. 10 illustrates a sequence diagram of an example integrated sensing and communications system / process, in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure; and
[0031] FIG. 11 illustrates a flow diagram of an example method for integrated sensing and communications, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0032] 1. Mobile Communication Technology and Environment
[0033] FIG. 1 illustrates an example wireless communication network, and / or system, 100 in which techniques disclosed herein may be implemented, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure. In the following discussion, the wireless communication network 100 may be any wireless network, such as a cellular network or a narrowband Internet of things (NB-IoT) network, and is herein referred to as “network 100. ” Such an example network 100 includes a base station 102 (hereinafter “BS 102” ; also referred to as wireless communication node) and a user equipment device 104 (hereinafter “UE 104” ; also referred to as wireless communication device) that can communicate with each other via a communication link 110 (e.g., a wireless communication channel) , and a cluster of cells 126, 130, 132, 134, 136, 138 and 140 overlaying a geographical area 101. In FIG. 1, the BS 102 and UE 104 are contained within a respective geographic boundary of cell 126. Each of the other cells 130, 132, 134, 136, 138 and 140 may include at least one base station operating at its allocated bandwidth to provide adequate radio coverage to its intended users.
[0034] For example, the BS 102 may operate at an allocated channel transmission bandwidth to provide adequate coverage to the UE 104. The BS 102 and the UE 104 may communicate via a downlink radio frame 118, and an uplink radio frame 124 respectively. Each radio frame 118 / 124 may be further divided into sub-frames 120 / 127 which may include data symbols 122 / 128. In the present disclosure, the BS 102 and UE 104 are described herein as non-limiting examples of “communication nodes, ” generally, which can practice the methods disclosed herein. Such communication nodes may be capable of wireless and / or wired communications, in accordance with various embodiments of the present solution.
[0035] FIG. 2 illustrates a block diagram of an example wireless communication system 200 for transmitting and receiving wireless communication signals (e.g., OFDM / OFDMA signals) in accordance with some embodiments of the present solution. The system 200 may include components and elements configured to support known or conventional operating features that need not be described in detail herein. In one illustrative embodiment, system 200 can be used to communicate (e.g., transmit and receive) data symbols in a wireless communication environment such as the wireless communication environment 100 of FIG. 1, as described above.
[0036] System 200 generally includes a base station 202 (hereinafter “BS 202” ) and a user equipment device 204 (hereinafter “UE 204” ) . The BS 202 includes a BS (base station) transceiver module 210, a BS antenna 212, a BS processor module 214, a BS memory module 216, and a network communication module 218, each module being coupled and interconnected with one another as necessary via a data communication bus 220. The UE 204 includes a UE (user equipment) transceiver module 230, a UE antenna 232, a UE memory module 234, and a UE processor module 236, each module being coupled and interconnected with one another as necessary via a data communication bus 240. The BS 202 communicates with the UE 204 via a communication channel 250, which can be any wireless channel or other medium suitable for transmission of data as described herein.
[0037] As would be understood by persons of ordinary skill in the art, system 200 may further include any number of modules other than the modules shown in FIG. 2. Those skilled in the art will understand that the various illustrative blocks, modules, circuits, and processing logic described in connection with the embodiments disclosed herein may be implemented in hardware, computer-readable software, firmware, or any practical combination thereof. To clearly illustrate this interchangeability and compatibility of hardware, firmware, and software, various illustrative components, blocks, modules, circuits, and steps are described generally in terms of their functionality. Whether such functionality is implemented as hardware, firmware, or software can depend upon the particular application and design constraints imposed on the overall system. Those familiar with the concepts described herein may implement such functionality in a suitable manner for each particular application, but such implementation decisions should not be interpreted as limiting the scope of the present disclosure.
[0038] In accordance with some embodiments, the UE transceiver 230 may be referred to herein as an "uplink" transceiver 230 that includes a radio frequency (RF) transmitter and a RF receiver each comprising circuitry that is coupled to the antenna 232. A duplex switch (not shown) may alternatively couple the uplink transmitter or receiver to the uplink antenna in time duplex fashion. Similarly, in accordance with some embodiments, the BS transceiver 210 may be referred to herein as a "downlink" transceiver 210 that includes a RF transmitter and a RF receiver each comprising circuity that is coupled to the antenna 212. A downlink duplex switch may alternatively couple the downlink transmitter or receiver to the downlink antenna 212 in time duplex fashion. The operations of the two transceiver modules 210 and 230 may be coordinated in time such that the uplink receiver circuitry is coupled to the uplink antenna 232 for reception of transmissions over the wireless transmission link 250 at the same time that the downlink transmitter is coupled to the downlink antenna 212. Conversely, the operations of the two transceivers 210 and 230 may be coordinated in time such that the downlink receiver is coupled to the downlink antenna 212 for reception of transmissions over the wireless transmission link 250 at the same time that the uplink transmitter is coupled to the uplink antenna 232. In some embodiments, there is close time synchronization with a minimal guard time between changes in duplex direction.
[0039] The UE transceiver 230 and the base station transceiver 210 are configured to communicate via the wireless data communication link 250, and cooperate with a suitably configured RF antenna arrangement 212 / 232 that can support a particular wireless communication protocol and modulation scheme. In some illustrative embodiments, the UE transceiver 210 and the base station transceiver 210 are configured to support industry standards such as the Long Term Evolution (LTE) and emerging 5G standards, and the like. It is understood, however, that the present disclosure is not necessarily limited in application to a particular standard and associated protocols. Rather, the UE transceiver 230 and the base station transceiver 210 may be configured to support alternate, or additional, wireless data communication protocols, including future standards or variations thereof.
[0040] In accordance with various embodiments, the BS 202 may be an evolved node B (eNB) , a serving eNB, a target eNB, a femto station, or a pico station, for example. In some embodiments, the UE 204 may be embodied in various types of user devices such as a mobile phone, a smart phone, a personal digital assistant (PDA) , tablet, laptop computer, wearable computing device, etc. The processor modules 214 and 236 may be implemented, or realized, with a general purpose processor, a content addressable memory, a digital signal processor, an application specific integrated circuit, a field programmable gate array, any suitable programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof, designed to perform the functions described herein. In this manner, a processor may be realized as a microprocessor, a controller, a microcontroller, a state machine, or the like. A processor may also be implemented as a combination of computing devices, e.g., a combination of a digital signal processor and a microprocessor, a plurality of microprocessors, one or more microprocessors in conjunction with a digital signal processor core, or any other such configuration.
[0041] Furthermore, the steps of a method or algorithm described in connection with the embodiments disclosed herein may be embodied directly in hardware, in firmware, in a software module executed by processor modules 214 and 236, respectively, or in any practical combination thereof. The memory modules 216 and 234 may be realized as RAM memory, flash memory, ROM memory, EPROM memory, EEPROM memory, registers, a hard disk, a removable disk, a CD-ROM, or any other form of storage medium known in the art. In this regard, memory modules 216 and 234 may be coupled to the processor modules 210 and 230, respectively, such that the processors modules 210 and 230 can read information from, and write information to, memory modules 216 and 234, respectively. The memory modules 216 and 234 may also be integrated into their respective processor modules 210 and 230. In some embodiments, the memory modules 216 and 234 may each include a cache memory for storing temporary variables or other intermediate information during execution of instructions to be executed by processor modules 210 and 230, respectively. Memory modules 216 and 234 may also each include non-volatile memory for storing instructions to be executed by the processor modules 210 and 230, respectively.
[0042] The network communication module 218 generally represents the hardware, software, firmware, processing logic, and / or other components of the base station 202 that enable bi-directional communication between base station transceiver 210 and other network components and communication nodes configured to communication with the base station 202. For example, network communication module 218 may be configured to support internet or WiMAX traffic. In a typical deployment, without limitation, network communication module 218 provides an 802.3 Ethernet interface such that base station transceiver 210 can communicate with a conventional Ethernet based computer network. In this manner, the network communication module 218 may include a physical interface for connection to the computer network (e.g., Mobile Switching Center (MSC) ) . The terms “configured for, ” “configured to” and conjugations thereof, as used herein with respect to a specified operation or function, refer to a device, component, circuit, structure, machine, signal, etc., that is physically constructed, programmed, formatted and / or arranged to perform the specified operation or function.
[0043] The Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) Model (referred to herein as, “open system interconnection model” ) is a conceptual and logical layout that defines network communication used by systems (e.g., wireless communication device, wireless communication node) open to interconnection and communication with other systems. The model is broken into seven subcomponents, or layers, each of which represents a conceptual collection of services provided to the layers above and below it. The OSI Model also defines a logical network and effectively describes computer packet transfer by using different layer protocols. The OSI Model may also be referred to as the seven-layer OSI Model or the seven-layer model. In some embodiments, a first layer may be a physical layer. In some embodiments, a second layer may be a Medium Access Control (MAC) layer. In some embodiments, a third layer may be a Radio Link Control (RLC) layer. In some embodiments, a fourth layer may be a Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP) layer. In some embodiments, a fifth layer may be a Radio Resource Control (RRC) layer. In some embodiments, a sixth layer may be a Non Access Stratum (NAS) layer or an Internet Protocol (IP) layer, and the seventh layer being the other layer.
[0044] Various example embodiments of the present solution are described below with reference to the accompanying figures to enable a person of ordinary skill in the art to make and use the present solution. As would be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art, after reading the present disclosure, various changes or modifications to the examples described herein can be made without departing from the scope of the present solution. Thus, the present solution is not limited to the example embodiments and applications described and illustrated herein. Additionally, the specific order or hierarchy of steps in the methods disclosed herein are merely example approaches. Based upon design preferences, the specific order or hierarchy of steps of the disclosed methods or processes can be re-arranged while remaining within the scope of the present solution. Thus, those of ordinary skill in the art will understand that the methods and techniques disclosed herein present various steps or acts in a sample order, and the present solution is not limited to the specific order or hierarchy presented unless expressly stated otherwise.
[0045] 2. Systems and Methods for Integrated Sensing and Communications
[0046] Communication systems can play a role in assisting sensing functions, offering more efficient and precise services for upcoming applications, particularly in the forthcoming 6G era, where more services catering to human needs can be introduced. However, the exact method of integrating sensing functions into communication systems has yet to be determined. The present disclosure addresses this issue / challenge by proposing solutions for seamlessly integrating sensing functions into a telecommunication architecture.
[0047] A 5G communication system can be built on the connections of different network elements. The network elements can interact with each other via network interfaces. The 5G network architecture may include a core network (CN) , and / or a radio access network (RAN) . The CN may include different elements which may perform corresponding functions, including an access and mobility management function (AMF) . The AMF may communicate with a NG-RAN via a next generation radio access network application protocol (NGAP) interface. Two NG-RAN nodes may communicate with each other via an Xn application protocol (XnAP) interface. When the UE connects to the network, the UE may communicate with the serving NG-RAN node via a Uu interface. There can be another function in the core network which is called a location management function (LMF) . Since there is no interface between a LMF and a NG-RAN, the LMF may interact with the NG-RAN node via an AMF.
[0048] A positioning function can be controlled / managed by the LMF. The interaction between a LMF and NG-RAN nodes can be performed via an AMF. The information exchanged between the LMF and the NG-RAN node can be transparent to the AMF.
[0049] There can be a number of procedures / approaches / mechanisms for the AMF to assist with transferring positioning related information for the LMF and the NG-RAN, for example: DOWNLINK UE ASSOCIATED NRPPA TRANSPORT; UPLINK UE ASSOCIATED NRPPA TRANSPORT; DOWNLINK NON UE ASSOCIATED NRPPA TRANSPORT; and / or UPLINK NON UE ASSOCIATED NRPPA TRANSPORT.
[0050] In figures of this disclosure, a sensing function (SF) can be deployed in a 5GC (e.g., core network) . There can be several kinds of architecture for the deployment, for example:
[0051] ■ The SF can be deployed in the LMF. The SF may interact with the NG-RAN node via AMF by reusing procedures of positioning. FIG. 3 illustrates a block diagram of an example deployment of a sensing function together with a LMF, in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure.
[0052] ■ The SF can be deployed separately, without relying on the LMF. In such case, the SF can interact with the NG-RAN via an AMF using new procedures, or via the LMF reusing positioning procedures. FIG. 4 illustrates a block diagram of an example deployment of a sensing function separated from a LMF, in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure.
[0053] It should be noted that there are also other types of deployment, which may include at least one of the following:
[0054] ■ The SF can be deployed in the AMF, which may not need / involve interaction between the SF and the AMF. In such case, the procedures between AMF and SF depicted in the corresponding pictures of all embodiments can be ignored. FIG. 5 illustrates a block diagram of an example deployment of a sensing function together with an AMF, in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure.
[0055] ■ The SF can be deployed in the NG-RAN, which may not need / involve interaction between the NG-RAN and the AMF. FIG. 6 illustrates a block diagram of an example deployment of a sensing function together with a NG-RAN, in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. In such case, the procedures between a NG-RAN and a SF (via an AMF) depicted in the corresponding figures of all implementation examples can be ignored.
[0056] Implementation Example 1: Basic Sensing procedures involving NG-RAN node and UE
[0057] FIG. 7 illustrates a sequence diagram of an example integrated sensing and communications, in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. In this implementation example, both NG-RAN node and UE (s) can be involved in the sensing function. This implementation example focuses on the procedures in standalone architecture. The procedures in centralized unit (CU) –distributed unit (DU) split architecture, where the base station can be split into a gNB-CU and a gNB-DU, are described in implementation example 2.
[0058] Step 1: A sensing function (SF) may send a sensing configuration to an access and mobility management function (AMF) .
[0059] Step 2: The AMF may forward the sensing configuration to a NG-RAN node without interpreting or changing any information. The messages that carry / send the sensing configuration information can reuse positioning procedures over next generation radio access network application protocol (NGAP) , e.g., DOWNLINK UE ASSOCIATED NRPPA TRANSPORT, DOWNLINK NON UE ASSOCIATED NRPPA TRANSPORT. New NGAP messages can also be defined for the AMF to transfer the sensing configuration to the NG-RAN node, e.g., SENSING CONFIGURATION INFORMATION message. The sensing configuration can be a configuration list. Each list may include at least one of the following items: a sensing measurement identifier (ID) ; a sensing mode; an area scope of sensing; at least one node that is involved in sensing measurement; a behavior of the at least one node; timing or trigger information of sending the sensing measurement report; a sensing signal; a request for the first wireless communication node to configure the sensing signal; a specification or requirement of the sensing measurement report; a metric to be collected for the sensing measurement report; a quality of service (QoS) requirement associated with the sensing measurement; a timing information associated with the sensing measurement; or a result of the sensing measurement to be reported. The sensing measurement ID may uniquely identify a sensing measurement session. The sensing mode may indicate how the sensing function can be performed among the NG-RAN node (s) and UE (s) , e.g., the NG-RAN node sending and receiving sensing signal itself, or the NG-RAN node sending sensing signal while UE receiving sensing signal. The area scope for sensing may include a list of cell IDs, public land mobile network (PLMN) list, or timing advance (TA) . The sensing function may performed in the area indicated by this information. The nodes that are involved in the sensing procedures can be identified or indicated via gNB IDs, UE IDs, and / or TRP IDs. The behavior of the nodes involved in sensing can be to send sensing signals, or to receive sensing signals. The sensing report method can be / include periodical reporting, event-based reporting, or one time reporting. The sensing signals can be a channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS) , or a tracking reference signal (TRS) . The request can be the request for NG-RAN node to configure sensing reference signal. A requirement of the sensing result can be accuracy of sensing, delay, or confidence. The metrics to be collected in the sensing result may include the distance, or velocity of target objects. The quality of service (QoS) requirement can be a QoS requirement of the sensing function. The sensing duration time may include a start time, or an end time. The sensing result to be reported can be a reference signal received power (RSRP) of the sensing signal, angle, distance, and / or velocity of objects.
[0060] Step 3: If one or more UEs are involved in the sensing procedure according to the sensing configuration received by the NG-RAN node, the NG-RAN node may send the related sensing configuration to the corresponding UE (s) .
[0061] Step 4: The UE may send the configuration response to the NG-RAN node.
[0062] Step 5: The NG-RAN node may send the sensing configuration response to the AMF, which can reuse positioning procedures (e.g., DOWNLINK UE ASSOCIATED NRPPA TRANSPORT, DOWNLINK NON UE ASSOCIATED NRPPA TRANSPORT) or new NGAP messages (e.g., SENSING CONFIGURATION RESPONSE message) . The sensing configuration response can include at least one of the following items: a sensing measurement identifier (ID) ; a configuration status; at least one node that is successfully configured with the sensing configuration; at least one node that is involved in sensing measurement; timing information associated with the sensing measurement; a sensing signal; a result of the sensing measurement to be reported; or a (failure) cause value, if the sensing configuration is configured or implemented unsuccessfully. The sensing measurement ID may uniquely identify the sensing measurement session. The configuration status can be success, failed, or suspended. A list of IDs of the nodes which have been successfully configured with the sensing configuration can be gNB IDs, UE IDs, or TRP IDs. The sensing duration time may include a start time or an end time. The sensing reference signals that have been configured by the NG-RAN node can be a CSI-RS or TRS. The sensing result to be reported can be a RSRP of the sensing signal, angle, distance, and / or velocity of objects.
[0063] Step 6: The AMF may send the sensing configuration response to the SF.
[0064] Step 7: The SF may send the sensing activation message to the AMF.
[0065] Step 8: The AMF may forward the sensing activation information to the NG-RAN node without interpreting or changing any information. The messages that carry the sensing activation information can reuse positioning procedures over NGAP, e.g., DOWNLINK UE ASSOCIATED NRPPA TRANSPORT, DOWNLINK NON UE ASSOCIATED NRPPA TRANSPORT. New NGAP messages can also be defined for the AMF to transfer the sensing configuration to the NG-RAN node, e.g., ACTIVATION INFORMATION message. The sensing activation can be an activation list. Each item of the list may include at least one of the following items: a sensing measurement identifier (ID) ; at least one node that is to be activated for sensing measurement; an activation time window; timing or trigger information of sending the sensing measurement report; or an indication regarding how to report the sensing measurement report. The sensing measurement ID may uniquely identify the sensing measurement session. The nodes which are to be activated for the sensing function can be identified using / with gNB IDs, UE IDs, or TRP IDs. The activation duration time can be a duration for staying in activation state. The timing information of sending the sensing measurement report can be the start or end time for sensing result reporting. The indication about how the sensing results can be reported can be one time reporting, event-based reporting, or periodical reporting. The items included in the sensing activation message can also be included in the sensing configuration message, vice versa.
[0066] Step 9: If one or more UEs are involved in the sensing procedure according to the sensing configuration received by the NG-RAN node, the NG-RAN node may send the related sensing activation information to the corresponding UE (s) .
[0067] Step 10: The UE may send the activation response to the NG-RAN node.
[0068] Step 11: The NG-RAN node may send the sensing activation response to the AMF, which can reuse positioning procedures (e.g., DOWNLINK UE ASSOCIATED NRPPA TRANSPORT, DOWNLINK NON UE ASSOCIATED NRPPA TRANSPORT) or new NGAP messages (e.g., SENSING ACTIVATION RESPONSE message) . The sensing activation response may include at least one of the following items: a sensing measurement identifier (ID) ; an activation status; at least one node (e.g., NG-RAN and / or UE) that is successfully activated for sensing measurement; at least one node that is involved in the sensing measurement; or a (failure) cause value, if the sensing activation information is configured or implemented unsuccessfully. The sensing measurement ID may uniquely identify the sensing measurement session. The activation status can be success, failed, or suspended.
[0069] Step 12: The AMF may send the sensing activation response to the SF.
[0070] Step 13: The SF may send the sensing result request to the AMF.
[0071] Step 14: The AMF may send the sensing result request to the NG-RAN node, which may reuse one or more positioning procedures (e.g., DOWNLINK UE ASSOCIATED NRPPA TRANSPORT, DOWNLINK NON UE ASSOCIATED NRPPA TRANSPORT) and / or use one or more new NGAP messages (e.g., sensing result request message) .
[0072] Step 15: The NG-RAN node may request the sensing result in the involved UE (s) .
[0073] Step 16: The UE may send the response for the sensing measurement to the NG-RAN node.
[0074] Step 17: The NG-RAN node may send the sensing measurement response to the AMF, which can reuse positioning procedures (e.g., DOWNLINK UE ASSOCIATED NRPPA TRANSPORT, DOWNLINK NON UE ASSOCIATED NRPPA TRANSPORT) and / or use new NGAP messages (e.g., SENSING MEASUREMENT RESPONSE message) . The sensing measurement response may include at least one of the following items: a sensing measurement ID, an ID of the entities which participate in sensing function (e.g., gNB ID, UE ID, TRP ID) , a sensing measurement result, or an indication of the sensing measurement status. The sensing measurement ID may uniquely identify the sensing measurement session. The ID of the entities which participate in sensing function can be gNB IDs, UE IDs, or TRP IDs. The indication of the sensing measurement status can be failed, busy, or paused.
[0075] Step 18: The AMF may forward the sensing measurement response to the SF.
[0076] Step 19: The UE may send the sensing measurement report to the NG-RAN node, based on the request message or proactively.
[0077] Step 20: The NG-RAN node may send the sensing result, which can be collected from the NG-RAN node and / or the involved UE (s) to the AMF. The reports may include at least one of the following items: a sensing measurement ID, nodes involved in the sensing function, measurement results, or an area range that sensing function was performed. The nodes involved in the sensing function can be identified via gNB IDs, UE IDs, or TRP IDs. The measurement results can be a RSRP of the sensing signal, angle, distance, or velocity of objects. The area range that sensing function was performed can be a list of cells, TAs, or PLMN (s) . Along with the measurement reports, an indication for the usage of the measurement reports can be sent from the NG-RAN node to the AMF via NGAP (e.g., for positioning, or for sensing) in the case that the sensing function is performed using the positioning procedure (s) .
[0078] Step 21: The AMF may forward / send the sensing measurement report to the SF.
[0079] Before the initiation of sensing function, the AMF may configure the user / UE consent (e.g., via UE subscription) of sensing to the NG-RAN node during procedures such as UE context setup, or PDU session setup, for the NG-RAN node to select the UEs with / having subscription to sensing. The sensing user consent can be configured, for example, via a PLMN list. The NG-RAN node may select UEs within the PLMN list to perform sensing function.
[0080] In current communication standards, there is no support for configuring / activating sensing function or collecting sensing results. This implementation example depicts the procedures for the configuration / activation of sensing, as well as the result collection after activation, based on specific network architecture. Given the considerable similarity between sensing and positioning tasks and the shared requirement of transferring / receiving communication signals to assist in establishing the position or speed of objects, this implementation example includes the option of reusing positioning procedures for sensing functions, along with proposing novel procedures. The decision on whether to repurpose existing procedures or define new ones hinges on balancing the trade-off between signaling overhead and operational complexity. Both solutions offer distinct advantages.
[0081] Implementation Example 2: Basic sensing procedures involving multiple NG-RAN nodes
[0082] FIG. 8 illustrates a sequence diagram of an example integrated sensing and communications, in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. It should be noted that the interactions between the SF and the NG-RAN node 1 of this implementation example can be the same as described in implementation example 1, which may not be specifically presented in the following descriptions again. TA focus of this implementation example is the interactions between NG-RAN node 1 and NG-RAN node 2.
[0083] There can be two example cases depicted by this implementation example:
[0084] ■ Case 1: NG-RAN node 1 and NG-RAN node 2 can be two different base stations of standalone architecture, where the interface between them can be XnAP.
[0085] ■ Case 2: NG-RAN node 1 can be the gNB-CU while NG-RAN node 2 can be the gNB-DU of a base station in CU-DU split architecture. The interface between NG-RAN node 1 and NG-RAN node 2 can be F1AP.
[0086] Step 1: A SF may send a sensing configuration to an AMF.
[0087] Step 2: The AMF may send the sensing configuration to a NG-RAN node 1.
[0088] Step 3: The NG-RAN node 1 may send the sensing configuration to a NG-RAN node 2. For case 1, the message can be a XnAP message, e.g., NG-RAN NODE CONFIGURATION UPDATE, or a new-defined XnAP message, e.g., Sensing configuration request message. For case 2, the message can be a F1AP message of the positioning procedure, e.g., POSITIONING INFORMATION REQUEST, or a new-defined F1AP message, e.g., sensing configuration request. In certain embodiments, for case 1, the AMF can send the sensing configuration directly to the NG-RAN node 2 as described in implementation example 1.
[0089] Step 4: The NG-RAN node 2 may send sensing configuration response to the NG-RAN node 1. For case 1, the message can be a XnAP message, e.g., NG-RAN NODE CONFIGURATION UPDATE ACKNOELDGE, or a new-defined XnAP message, e.g., Sensing configuration response message. For case 2, the message can be a legacy F1AP message of the positioning procedure, e.g., POSITIONING INFORMATION RESPONSE, or a new-defined F1AP message, e.g., sensing configuration response.
[0090] Step 5: The NG-RAN node 1 may send sensing configuration response to the AMF.
[0091] Step 6: The AMF may forward / send the sensing configuration response to the SF. For case 1, the NG-RAN node 2 may also send the sensing configuration response to the AMF directly as described in implementation example 1.
[0092] Step 7: The SF may send the sensing activation message to the AMF.
[0093] Step 8: The AMF may send the sensing activation information to the NG-RAN node 1 without interpreting or changing any information.
[0094] Step 9: The NG-RAN node 1 may send the sensing activation to the NG-RAN node 2. For case 1, the message can be a XnAP message, e.g., NG-RAN NODE CONFIGURATION UPDATE, or a new-defined XnAP message, e.g., Sensing activation request message. For case 2, the message can be a F1AP message of the positioning procedure, e.g., POSITIONING ACTIVATION REQUEST, or a new-defined F1AP message, e.g., sensing activation request. In certain embodiments, for case 1, the AMF can send the sensing activation information directly to the NG-RAN node 2 via NGAP, as described in implementation example 1.
[0095] Step 10: The NG-RAN node 2 may send the sensing activation response to the NG-RAN node 1. For case 1, the message can be a XnAP message, e.g., NG-RAN NODE CONFIGURATION UPDATE ACKNOWLDGE, or a new-defined XnAP message, e.g., sensing activation response message. For case 2, the message can be a F1AP message of the positioning procedure, e.g., POSITIONING ACTIVATION RESPONSE, or a new-defined F1AP message, e.g., sensing activation response.
[0096] Step 11: The NG-RAN node 1 may send the sensing activation response to the AMF. For case 1, the NG-RAN node 2 may also send the sensing activation response directly to the AMF via NGAP, as described in implementation example 1.
[0097] Step 12: The AMF may send the sensing activation response to the SF.
[0098] Step 13: The SF may send the sensing result request message to the AMF.
[0099] Step 14: The AMF may forward the sensing result request to the NG-RAN node 1, without interpreting or changing the request information.
[0100] Step 15: The NG-RAN node 1 may send the sensing result request to the NG-RAN node 2. For case 1, the message can be a XnAP message, e.g., NG-RAN NODE CONFIGURATION UPDATE, or a new-defined XnAP message, e.g., Sensing measurement request message. For case 2, the message can be a F1AP message of the positioning procedure, e.g., POSITIONING MEASUREMENT REQUEST, or a new-defined F1AP message, e.g., sensing measurement request. For case 1, the AMF may also directly send the sensing result request to the NG-RAN node 2 via NGAP, as described in implementation example 1.
[0101] Step 16: The NG-RAN node 2 may send the sensing measurement response to the NG-RAN node 1. For case 1, the message can be a XnAP message, e.g., NG-RAN NODE CONFIGURATION UPDATE ACKNOWLEDGE, or a new-defined XnAP message, e.g., sensing measurement response message. For case 2, the message can be a F1AP message of the positioning procedure, e.g., POSITIONING MEASUREMENT RESPONSE, or a new-defined F1AP message, e.g., sensing measurement response.
[0102] Step 17: The NG-RAN node 1 may send the sensing measurement response to the AMF.
[0103] Step 18: The AMF may forward / send the sensing measurement response to the SF.
[0104] Step 19: The NG-RAN node 2 may send the sensing report to the NG-RAN node 1. For case 1, the message can be a XnAP message, e.g., RESOURCE STATUS UPDATE, or a new-defined XnAP message, e.g., sensing measurement report message. For case 2, the message can be a F1AP message of the positioning procedure, e.g., POSITIONING MEASUREMENT REPORT or SENSING MEASUREMENT UPDATE, or a new-defined F1AP message, e.g., sensing measurement report.
[0105] Step 20: The NG-RAN node 1 may send the sensing report to the AMF, which may include the sensing report collected. For case 1, the NG-RAN node 2 can also directly send the sensing report to the SF, following the procedures described in implementation example 1, no matter it is requested by the SF, or initiated by the radio access network.
[0106] Step 21: The AMF may forward / send the sensing reports to the SF, without interpreting or changing any information of the sensing reports.
[0107] The sensing function can be performed by multiple NG-RAN nodes for the transmission of sensing signals, where one node can play the role of sender, while the other node can play the role of receiver. However, there may be no support for NG-RAN nodes to interact with each other for such kind of sensing function. Even in the current positioning related standards, there may be no interaction between NG-RAN nodes for the exchange of configuration and reports, because the positioning function may not require multiple NG-RAN nodes to cooperate with each other. This implementation example provides the basic procedures for two NG-RAN nodes to coordinate for the configuration / activation and result collection of sensing, which can be useful for the case that multiple NG-RAN nodes are involved in the function of sensing.
[0108] Implementation Example 3: Procedures for Assistance information transmission
[0109] FIG. 9 illustrates a sequence diagram of an example integrated sensing and communications, in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. The SF may interact with the NG-RAN node via the AMF, to provide the assistance information related with sensing, as well as the sensing related system information for broadcasting.
[0110] There can be two example cases depicted by this implementation example,
[0111] ■ Case 1: NG-RAN node 1 and NG-RAN node 2 can be two different base stations of standalone architecture, where the interface between them can be XnAP.
[0112] ■ Case 2: NG-RAN node 1 can be the gNB-CU while NG-RAN node 2 can be the gNB-DU of a base station in CU-DU split architecture. The interface between NG-RAN node 1 and NG-RAN node 2 can be F1AP.
[0113] Step 1: A SF may send assistance information to an AMF.
[0114] Step 2: The AMF may forward the assistance information received from the SF to a NG-RAN node 1, without interpreting or changing the assistance information. The message which carries the assistance information can reuse the NGAP NRPPa procedure (e.g., DOWNLINK UE ASSOCIATED NRPPA TRANSPORT, DOWNLINK NON UE ASSOCIATED NRPPA TRANSPORT) . The assistance information can be included in the ASSISTANCE INFORMATION CONTROL message of NRPPa protocol. Other NGAP messages, based on existing procedures or new procedures, can be used to transfer the assistance information. The content in the message can be the same as in step 3.
[0115] Step 3: The NG-RAN node 1 may send the assistance information to the NG-RAN node 2 if NG-RAN node 2 is also involved in the sensing procedures according to the sensing configuration. For case 1, the message can be a XnAP message, e.g., NG-RAN NODE CONFIGURATION UPDATE, or a new-defined XnAP message, e.g., Sensing assistance information control message. For case 2, the message can be a F1AP message of the positioning procedure, e.g., POSITIONING ASSISTANCE INFORMATION CONTROL, or a new-defined F1AP message, e.g., sensing assistance information feedback. For case 1, the NG-RAN node 2 can also receive the assistance information directly from the AMF like step 2. The assistance information in the above three steps may include at least one of the following items: a sensing measurement identifier (ID) ; additional assistance information for sensing or for positioning; when to start, stop, or pause broadcasting for the first wireless communication node; at least one cell for broadcasting; a priority of broadcasting; or sensing related system information. The assistance information which is to be (or can be) passed to the NG-RAN node or UEs may include new assistance information for sensing function, and / or the assistance information for positioning. The indication for the NG-RAN may indicate to start, stop or pause broadcasting. The information element (IE) can be coded as Enumerated (e.g., start, stop ... ) . The cells for broadcasting may include a list of cell IDs. The assistance information mentioned above can include at least one of the following items: a priority of broadcasting or sensing related system information, which can be included in a PosSIB or be defined as a new system information, e.g., sensing system information. The sensing system information can be contained with multiple sensing SIBs. The SIBs of sensing can be referred as, e.g., SenSIB.
[0116] Step 4: The NG-RAN node 2 may broadcast the sensing related system information to the UEs, based on the assistance information as specified in step 3.
[0117] Step 5: The UE may send feedback to the NG-RAN node 1 on the received assistance information.
[0118] Step 6: The NG-RAN node 2 may send feedback to the NG-RAN node 1 on the received assistance information. For case 1, the message can be a XnAP message, e.g., NG-RAN NODE CONFIGURATION UPDATE ACKNOWLEDGE, or a new-defined XnAP message, e.g., Sensing assistance information feedback message. For case 2, the message can be a F1AP message of the positioning procedure, e.g., POSITIONING ASSISTANCE INFORMATION FEEDBACK, or a new-defined F1AP message, e.g., sensing assistance information feedback.
[0119] Step 7: The NG-RAN node 1 may send the feedback information to the AMF, which can include the feedback information either from UE, NG-RAN node 1 or NG-RAN node 2. The message which carries the assistance information feedback can reuse the NGAP NRPPa procedure (e.g., UPLINK UE ASSOCIATED NRPPA TRANSPORT, UPLINK NON UE ASSOCIATED NRPPA TRANSPORT) . The assistance information can be included in the ASSISTANCE INFORMATION FEDBACK message of NRPPa protocol. Other NGAP message (s) , no matter those of established procedure (s) or new procedure (s) can also be used to transfer the assistance information.
[0120] The feedback information of above step 6 and step 7 may include at least one of the following items: a sensing measurement ID, feedback on the broadcasting of sensing related system information (e.g., a list of failed sensing SIB Types) , cells associated with the feedback information, or a cause value, if the assistance information related procedure is failed.
[0121] Step 8: The AMF may send the assistance information to the SF without interpreting or changing the information.
[0122] This implementation example allows the SF to provide assistance information for the NG-RAN node and / or UE (s) to perform the function of sensing. Considering the similarity between sensing and positioning, the assistance information related procedures for positioning are considered to be reused for the SF to transfer the assistance information of sensing to the network side. Other NG-RAN message (s) no matter established procedure (s) or new procedure (s) are also taken into account, for the sake of flexibility. With this implementation example, the sensing assistance information transmission can be supported.
[0123] Implementation example 4: Interaction between LMF and SF
[0124] FIG. 10 illustrates a sequence diagram of an example integrated sensing and communications, in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. This implementation example may be targeted for the case that the SF is not deployed in the LMF, while the sensing function may be performed by reusing the positioning procedures. Under such situation, the interaction between SF and LMF may be utilized, so that the LMF can be aware of the configuration of sensing, and be able to send the configuration of sensing by reusing positioning procedures. Meanwhile, the SF may be able to retrieve the sensing measurement result collected via the positioning procedures.
[0125] The interaction between LMF and SF can be classified into the following: a sensing configuration, a sensing activation, and a sensing measurement reporting. The SF may send the sensing configuration to the LMF. The LMF optionally may send the sensing configuration response to the SF. The SF may send the sensing configuration to the LMF. The LMF may optionally send the sensing activation response to the SF. The SF may send the sensing measurement request to the SF. The LMF may optionally send the sensing measurement response to the SF. The LMF may send the sensing measurement report to the SF without the request from SF. The LMF can directly forward the positioning measurement result to the SF as the data for performing sensing function. This implementation example can be used in the case that the SF is performed by reusing positioning procedures while the SF is not deployed in the LMF. The basic interaction between SF and LMF is depicted by FIG. 10.
[0126] It should be understood that one or more features from the above implementation examples / embodiments are not exclusive to the specific implementation examples, but can be combined in any manner (e.g., in any priority and / or order, concurrently or otherwise) .
[0127] FIG. 11 illustrates a flow diagram of a method 1100 for integrated sensing and communications. The method 1100 may be implemented using any one or more of the components and devices detailed herein in conjunction with FIGs. 1–10. In overview, the method 1100 may be performed by a first wireless communication node (e.g., a BS or a gNB) or an access and mobility management function (AMF) , in some embodiments. Additional, fewer, or different operations may be performed in the method 1100 depending on the embodiment. At least one aspect of the operations is directed to a system, method, apparatus, or a computer-readable medium.
[0128] A first wireless communication node (e.g., a radio access network (RAN) or a NG-RAN node 1) may receive a sensing configuration via a first next generation radio access network application protocol (NGAP) message from an access and mobility management function (AMF) . The first wireless communication node may send a sensing measurement report related to the sensing configuration to the AMF. The present disclosure provides a solution about how sensing function can be deployed in a network, for the case that sensing function is in a core network, while the RAN is involved in sensing. The AMF may help forward / send a sensing configuration, and may report measurement result between a RAN node and a sensing function (SF) .
[0129] In some embodiments, the sensing configuration may comprise an indication of at least one of: a sensing measurement identifier (ID) ; a sensing mode; an area scope of sensing; at least one node that is involved in sensing measurement; a behavior of the at least one node; timing or trigger information of sending the sensing measurement report; a sensing signal; a request for the first wireless communication node to configure the sensing signal; a specification or requirement of the sensing measurement report; a metric to be collected for the sensing measurement report; a quality of service (QoS) requirement associated with the sensing measurement; a timing information associated with the sensing measurement; or a result of the sensing measurement to be reported. The present disclosure specifies detailed information which can be included in the sensing configuration. The information can be used for the RAN node or a UE to send sensing signals and to collect sensing results.
[0130] In some embodiments, the sensing measurement report may comprise an indication of at least one of: a sensing measurement identifier (ID) ; at least one node that is involved in sensing measurement; a result of the sensing measurement to be reported; or an area range that is involved in the sensing measurement. The present disclosure specifies the information that can be included in a sensing report and / or used by the SF for analysis.
[0131] In some embodiments, the first wireless communication node may send, to the AMF, an indication for indicating a usage of the sensing measurement report via a second NGAP message, wherein the usage is for positioning and / or for sensing. The positioning result can be reused for sensing function. With the indication, the AMF may know / be notified of where to forward the positioning report, e.g., to LMF or to SF. The LMF or SF may know whether the report can be used for its own function.
[0132] In some embodiments, the first wireless communication node may send a sensing configuration response in response to the first NGAP message to the AMF. The sensing configuration response can be used to send an acknowledgement about the sensing configuration. With the response, the SF can be aware of whether the configuration has successfully configured or not. The sensing configuration response may comprise an indication of at least one of: a sensing measurement identifier (ID) ; a configuration status; at least one node that is successfully configured with the sensing configuration; at least one node that is involved in sensing measurement; timing information associated with the sensing measurement; a sensing signal; a result of the sensing measurement to be reported; and a cause value, if the sensing configuration is configured or implemented unsuccessfully. The information can be included in the configuration response message, in order to notify the SF about status of configuration.
[0133] In some embodiments, the first wireless communication node may receive sensing activation information related to a sensing function via a third NGAP message from the AMF. The sensing activation information can be used to activate the sensing function. It should be noted that the configuration message may not be the message to trigger the sensing function, because the RAN node may just store the sensing configuration without taking other actions. The sensing activation message can trigger the sensing function in the RAN side. The sensing activation information may comprise an indication of at least one of: a sensing measurement identifier (ID) ; at least one node that is to be activated for sensing measurement; an activation time window; timing or trigger information of sending the sensing measurement report; or an indication regarding how to report the sensing measurement report. The sensing activation information can be included in the activation message, which may describe how to activate the sensing function in the RAN side.
[0134] In some embodiments, the first wireless communication node may send a sensing activation response in response to the third NGAP message to the AMF. The sensing activation message may include the acknowledgement / confirmation about / on sensing activation. The sensing activation response may comprise an indication of at least one of: a sensing measurement identifier (ID) ; an activation status; at least one node that is successfully activated for sensing measurement; at least one node that is involved in the sensing measurement; or a cause value, if the sensing activation information is configured or implemented unsuccessfully. The sensing activation information can be included in the activation response message, to notify the SF about the status of activation.
[0135] In some embodiments, the first wireless communication node may receive a sensing result request related to the sensing configuration via a fourth NGAP message from the AMF. The first wireless communication node may send a sensing measurement response in response to the fourth NGAP message to the AMF. The present disclosure provides a method for the reporting of sensing report. The reports may not be proactively reported to the SF, which means the SF may request for the report, so that the request message for the sensing result may be needed, and also the response.
[0136] In some embodiments, the first wireless communication node may send the sensing configuration in a first message to a second wireless communication node. The first wireless communication node may receive a sensing configuration response in response to the first message from the second wireless communication node. The present disclosure provides a solution for the sensing procedures between NG-RAN nodes. There can for example be two cases: Case 1: both NG-RAN nodes can be base stations; Case 2: NG-RAN node 1 can be gNB-CU while NG-RAN node 2 can be the gNB-DU. In these example cases, the NG-RAN nodes are both involved in the sensing function.
[0137] In some embodiments, the first wireless communication node may send sensing activation information related to the sensing configuration, in a second message to a second wireless communication node. The first wireless communication node may receive a sensing activation response in response to the second message from the second wireless communication node. The NG-RAN node 1 may trigger the sensing function in the NG-RAN node 2.
[0138] In some embodiments, the first wireless communication node may send a sensing result request related to the sensing configuration, in a third message to a second wireless communication node. The first wireless communication node may receive a sensing measurement response in response to the third message from the second wireless communication node. The NG-RAN node 1 (e.g., first wireless communication node) may request for the sensing report collected in the NG-RAN node 2 (e.g., second wireless communication node) .
[0139] In some embodiments, the first wireless communication node and the second wireless communication node can be two different base stations. In certain embodiments, the first wireless communication node can be a gNodeB-centralized unit (gNB-CU) , and the second wireless communication node can be a gNodeB-distributed unit (gNB-DU) , e.g., in / of a same gNB or separate ones.
[0140] In some embodiments, the first wireless communication node may receive assistance information via a fifth NGAP message from the AMF. The first wireless communication node may send the assistance information according to the sensing configuration to a second wireless communication node. The SF may have some assistance information for the network to perform sensing function. The present disclosure describes the procedure for the AMF to forward the assistance information of sensing from SF to the NG-RAN node. The assistance information comprises an indication of at least one of: a sensing measurement identifier (ID) ; additional assistance information for sensing or for positioning; when to start, stop, or pause broadcasting for the first wireless communication node; at least one cell for broadcasting; a priority of broadcasting; or sensing related system information. The sensing assistance information can be used by the NG-RAN node or the UE to perform sensing.
[0141] In some embodiments, the first wireless communication node may receive feedback information in response to the assistance information from the second wireless communication node. The first wireless communication node may send the feedback information via a sixth NGAP message to the AMF. The network may provide feedback on the assistance information. The feedback information may comprise an indication of at least one of: a sensing measurement identifier (ID) ; feedback on broadcasting related system information; at least one cell associated with the feedback information; or a cause value, if the assistance information is configured or implemented unsuccessfully. The information can be included in the feedback on the assistance information, which may make the SF be aware of which assistance information can be taken into account successfully.
[0142] In some embodiments, the first, second, third, fourth, fifth, and / or sixth NGAP message may comprise at least one of: a downlink user equipment (UE) associated new radio positioning protocol A (NRPPA) transport message; a downlink non UE associated NRPPA transport message; a sensing configuration information message; a sensing configuration response message; an activation information message; a sensing activation response message; a sensing result request message; a sensing measurement response message; an assistance information control message; or an assistance information feedback message.
[0143] In some embodiments, an access and mobility management function (AMF) may send a sensing configuration via a first next generation radio access network application protocol (NGAP) message to a first wireless communication node (e.g., a RAN or a NG-RAN node 1) . The AMF may receive a sensing measurement report related to the sensing configuration from the first wireless communication node.
[0144] While various embodiments of the present solution have been described above, it should be understood that they have been presented by way of example only, and not by way of limitation. Likewise, the various diagrams may depict an example architectural or configuration, which are provided to enable persons of ordinary skill in the art to understand example features and functions of the present solution. Such persons would understand, however, that the solution is not restricted to the illustrated example architectures or configurations, but can be implemented using a variety of alternative architectures and configurations. Additionally, as would be understood by persons of ordinary skill in the art, one or more features of one embodiment can be combined with one or more features of another embodiment described herein. Thus, the breadth and scope of the present disclosure should not be limited by any of the above-described illustrative embodiments.
[0145] It is also understood that any reference to an element herein using a designation such as "first, " "second, " and so forth does not generally limit the quantity or order of those elements. Rather, these designations can be used herein as a convenient means of distinguishing between two or more elements or instances of an element. Thus, a reference to first and second elements does not mean that only two elements can be employed, or that the first element must precede the second element in some manner.
[0146] Additionally, a person having ordinary skill in the art would understand that information and signals can be represented using any of a variety of different technologies and techniques. For example, data, instructions, commands, information, signals, bits and symbols, for example, which may be referenced in the above description can be represented by voltages, currents, electromagnetic waves, magnetic fields or particles, optical fields or particles, or any combination thereof.
[0147] A person of ordinary skill in the art would further appreciate that any of the various illustrative logical blocks, modules, processors, means, circuits, methods and functions described in connection with the aspects disclosed herein can be implemented by electronic hardware (e.g., a digital implementation, an analog implementation, or a combination of the two) , firmware, various forms of program or design code incorporating instructions (which can be referred to herein, for convenience, as "software" or a "software module) , or any combination of these techniques. To clearly illustrate this interchangeability of hardware, firmware and software, various illustrative components, blocks, modules, circuits, and steps have been described above generally in terms of their functionality. Whether such functionality is implemented as hardware, firmware or software, or a combination of these techniques, depends upon the particular application and design constraints imposed on the overall system. Skilled artisans can implement the described functionality in various ways for each particular application, but such implementation decisions do not cause a departure from the scope of the present disclosure.
[0148] Furthermore, a person of ordinary skill in the art would understand that various illustrative logical blocks, modules, devices, components and circuits described herein can be implemented within or performed by an integrated circuit (IC) that can include a general purpose processor, a digital signal processor (DSP) , an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC) , a field programmable gate array (FPGA) or other programmable logic device, or any combination thereof. The logical blocks, modules, and circuits can further include antennas and / or transceivers to communicate with various components within the network or within the device. A general purpose processor can be a microprocessor, but in the alternative, the processor can be any conventional processor, controller, or state machine. A processor can also be implemented as a combination of computing devices, e.g., a combination of a DSP and a microprocessor, a plurality of microprocessors, one or more microprocessors in conjunction with a DSP core, or any other suitable configuration to perform the functions described herein.
[0149] If implemented in software, the functions can be stored as one or more instructions or code on a computer-readable medium. Thus, the steps of a method or algorithm disclosed herein can be implemented as software stored on a computer-readable medium. Computer-readable media includes both computer storage media and communication media including any medium that can be enabled to transfer a computer program or code from one place to another. A storage media can be any available media that can be accessed by a computer. By way of example, and not limitation, such computer-readable media can include RAM, ROM, EEPROM, CD-ROM or other optical disk storage, magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other medium that can be used to store desired program code in the form of instructions or data structures and that can be accessed by a computer.
[0150] In this document, the term "module" as used herein, refers to software, firmware, hardware, and any combination of these elements for performing the associated functions described herein. Additionally, for purpose of discussion, the various modules are described as discrete modules; however, as would be apparent to one of ordinary skill in the art, two or more modules may be combined to form a single module that performs the associated functions according embodiments of the present solution.
[0151] Additionally, memory or other storage, as well as communication components, may be employed in embodiments of the present solution. It will be appreciated that, for clarity purposes, the above description has described embodiments of the present solution with reference to different functional units and processors. However, it will be apparent that any suitable distribution of functionality between different functional units, processing logic elements or domains may be used without detracting from the present solution. For example, functionality illustrated to be performed by separate processing logic elements, or controllers, may be performed by the same processing logic element, or controller. Hence, references to specific functional units are only references to a suitable means for providing the described functionality, rather than indicative of a strict logical or physical structure or organization.
[0152] Various modifications to the embodiments described in this disclosure will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein can be applied to other embodiments without departing from the scope of this disclosure. Thus, the disclosure is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the novel features and principles disclosed herein, as recited in the claims below.
Claims
1.A method, comprising:receiving, by a first wireless communication node from an access and mobility management function (AMF) , a sensing configuration via a first next generation radio access network application protocol (NGAP) message; andsending, by the first wireless communication node to the AMF, a sensing measurement report related to the sensing configuration.2.The method of claim 1, wherein the sensing configuration comprises an indication of at least one of:a sensing measurement identifier (ID) ;a sensing mode;an area scope of sensing;at least one node that is involved in sensing measurement;a behavior of the at least one node;timing or trigger information of sending the sensing measurement report;a sensing signal;a request for the first wireless communication node to configure the sensing signal;a specification or requirement of the sensing measurement report;a metric to be collected for the sensing measurement report;a quality of service (QoS) requirement associated with the sensing measurement;a timing information associated with the sensing measurement; ora result of the sensing measurement to be reported.3.The method of claim 1, wherein the sensing measurement report comprises an indication of at least one of:a sensing measurement identifier (ID) ;at least one node that is involved in sensing measurement;a result of the sensing measurement to be reported; oran area range that is involved in the sensing measurement.4.The method of claim 1, comprising:sending, by the first wireless communication node to the AMF, an indication for indicating a usage of the sensing measurement report via a second NGAP message, wherein the usage is for positioning or for sensing.5.The method of claim 1, comprising:sending, by the first wireless communication node to the AMF, a sensing configuration response in response to the first NGAP message.6.The method of claim 5, wherein the sensing configuration response comprises an indication of at least one of:a sensing measurement identifier (ID) ;a configuration status;at least one node that is successfully configured with the sensing configuration;at least one node that is involved in sensing measurement;timing information associated with the sensing measurement;a sensing signal;a result of the sensing measurement to be reported; anda cause value, if the sensing configuration is configured or implemented unsuccessfully.7.The method of claim 1, comprising:receiving, by the first wireless communication node from the AMF, sensing activation information related to a sensing function via a third NGAP message.8.The method of claim 7, wherein the sensing activation information comprises an indication of at least one of:a sensing measurement identifier (ID) ;at least one node that is to be activated for sensing measurement;an activation time window;timing or trigger information of sending the sensing measurement report; oran indication regarding how to report the sensing measurement report.9.The method of claim 7, further comprising:sending, by the first wireless communication node to the AMF, a sensing activation response in response to the third NGAP message.10.The method of claim 9, wherein the sensing activation response comprises an indication of at least one of:a sensing measurement identifier (ID) ;an activation status;at least one node that is successfully activated for sensing measurement;at least one node that is involved in the sensing measurement; ora cause value, if the sensing activation information is configured or implemented unsuccessfully.11.The method of claim 1, comprising:receiving, by the first wireless communication node from the AMF, a sensing result request related to the sensing configuration via a fourth NGAP message; andsending, by the first wireless communication node to the AMF, a sensing measurement response in response to the fourth NGAP message.12.The method of claim 1, comprising:sending, by the first wireless communication node to a second wireless communication node, the sensing configuration in a first message; andreceiving, by the first wireless communication node from the second wireless communication node, a sensing configuration response in response to the first message.13.The method of claim 1, comprising:sending, by the first wireless communication node to a second wireless communication node, sensing activation information related to the sensing configuration, in a second message; andreceiving, by the first wireless communication node from the second wireless communication node, a sensing activation response in response to the second message.14.The method of claim 1, comprising:sending, by the first wireless communication node to a second wireless communication node, a sensing result request related to the sensing configuration, in a third message; andreceiving, by the first wireless communication node from the second wireless communication node, a sensing measurement response in response to the third message.15.The method of any of claims 12, 13, or 14, wherein the first wireless communication node and the second wireless communication node are two different base stations.16.The method of any of claims 12, 13, or 14, wherein the first wireless communication node is a gNodeB-centralized unit (gNB-CU) , and the second wireless communication node is a gNodeB-distributed unit (gNB-DU) .17.The method of claim 1, further comprising:receiving, by the first wireless communication node from the AMF, assistance information via a fifth NGAP message; andsending, by the first wireless communication node to a second wireless communication node, the assistance information according to the sensing configuration.18.The method of claim 17, wherein the assistance information comprises an indication of at least one of:a sensing measurement identifier (ID) ;additional assistance information for sensing or for positioning;when to start, stop, or pause broadcasting for the first wireless communication node;at least one cell for broadcasting;a priority of broadcasting; orsensing related system information.19.The method of claim 17, further comprising:receiving, by the first wireless communication node from the second wireless communication node, feedback information in response to the assistance information; andsending, by the first wireless communication node to the AMF, the feedback information via a sixth NGAP message.20.The method of claim 19, wherein the feedback information comprises an indication of at least one of:a sensing measurement identifier (ID) ;feedback on broadcasting related system information;at least one cell associated with the feedback information; ora cause value, if the assistance information is configured or implemented unsuccessfully.21.The method of any of claims 1, 4, 7, 11, 17, or 19, wherein the first, second, third, fourth, fifth, or sixth NGAP message comprises at least one of:a downlink user equipment (UE) associated new radio positioning protocol A (NRPPA) transport message;a downlink non UE associated NRPPA transport message;a sensing configuration information message;a sensing configuration response message;an activation information message;a sensing activation response message;a sensing result request message;a sensing measurement response message;an assistance information control message; oran assistance information feedback message.22.A method comprising:sending, by an access and mobility management function (AMF) to a first wireless communication node, a sensing configuration via a first next generation radio access network application protocol (NGAP) message; andreceiving, by the AMF from the first wireless communication node, a sensing measurement report related to the sensing configuration.23.A non-transitory computer readable medium storing instructions, which when executed by at least one processor, cause the at least one processor to perform the method of any one of claims 1 to 22.24.An apparatus comprising:at least one processor configured to implement the method of any one of claims 1 to 22.