Winding machine for a musical string

Abstract

In a winding machine (1) for a musical string (2) with two rotatable clamping devices (4, 5) for a string core (7), comprising a feed device (11) for feeding a first winding element (13) to the string core (7) during a winding process, comprising a guide device (16) for predefinable guidance of the string core (7), which together with the feed device (11) is movable parallel to the axis of rotation (6) of the clamping devices, wherein the feed device (11) and the guide device (16) interact such that an actual winding point (17) lies in the guide device (16), it is proposed that the guide device (16) has three contact parts (21, 22, 23) each with a contact surface (18, 19, 20) on which a straight line (24, 25, 26) is abutted, which straight lines (24, 25, 26) - in a plane normal to the The clamping device pivot axis (6) together form a triangle (27) which surrounds the string core (7).

Description

[0001] The invention relates to a winding machine for a musical string according to claim 1.

[0002] Some musical strings consist of only a single wire. However, most musical strings have a load-bearing core wrapped with at least one non-load-bearing winding element, which is wound helically around the core during the string's manufacture. This winding process takes place in or on a specially designed machine. This machine has two opposing clamping devices to which the two ends of the core are attached, rotating the core around its longitudinal axis for the winding process. The winding element is tensioned and wound around the rotating core in a helical pattern. This is achieved by moving or shifting the winding element parallel to the core's longitudinal axis.

[0003] DE 27 36 567 A1 describes a winding machine which has a guide device that is not located at the winding point, but rather precedes it during the winding process. The machine according to DE 27 36 567 A1 merely limits the deflection of the string core due to the tensile force on the winding element. The actual winding point and the wound string core remain unobstructed.

[0004] US 2021 / 214891 A1 describes a winding machine which has two plates by which the winding element is pressed onto the string core at the winding point. The two plates are primarily arranged parallel to each other. In the embodiment according to Fig. 3 However, these are not arranged parallel to each other, but open towards the feeding device.

[0005] The YouTube video "string winder MK2" shows a winding machine that exhibits certain similarities to the machine described in DE 27 36 467 A1. In the machine shown in the video, the string core is also drawn into the V-shaped guide by the tensile force on the winding element; however, the winding point is located next to the guide, not inside it.

[0006] The object of the invention is to provide a winding machine for a musical string of the type mentioned above, with which the sound and playability of the musical string, in particular via its length, and therefore its sound and playability when playing, especially in different positions, can be predictably influenced and / or adjusted during or through the manufacturing process.

[0007] According to the invention, this is achieved by the features of claim 1.

[0008] This allows the sound and playability of the musical string to be predictably influenced and / or adjusted during or through the manufacturing process. This expands the possibilities for adjusting, specifying, or adapting the sound and playability of a musical string during or as a result of its production, independent of the materials used, its construction, and / or its dimensions. Therefore, it is not necessary to change the materials, construction, and / or dimensions to alter the sound and / or playability of the musical string.

[0009] The invention further relates to a method for manufacturing a musical string according to the preamble of claim 14.

[0010] The invention therefore further aims to selectively influence the sound of a musical string by means of the method of its manufacture.

[0011] According to the invention, this is achieved by the features of claim 14.

[0012] The advantages of the procedure correspond to the advantages of the aforementioned generic term.

[0013] The dependent claims relate to further advantageous embodiments of the invention.

[0014] The invention is described in more detail with reference to the enclosed drawings, in which only preferred embodiments are shown by way of example. These show: Fig. 1 a schematic diagram of a winding machine for the production of a musical string; Fig. 2 a floor plan of the winding machine according to Fig. 1 ; Fig. 3 a first preferred embodiment of a guide device in axonometric view; Fig. 4 the control device according to Fig. 3 in the floor plan; Fig. 5 the control device according to Fig. 3 in elevation; Fig. 6 an elevation view of a second preferred embodiment of a guide device; Fig. 7 an elevation view of a third preferred embodiment of a guide device; Fig. 8 a schematic representation of the triangle of a fourth preferred embodiment of a guide device; Fig. 9 a schematic representation of the triangle of the guide device according to Fig. 6 ; Fig. 10 a schematic representation of the triangle of a fifth preferred embodiment of a guide device; and Fig. 11 a schematic representation of the triangle of a sixth preferred embodiment of a guide device.

[0015] The Fig. 1 und 2 show a preferred embodiment of a winding machine 1 for a musical string 2, comprising a first rotatable clamping device 4 and a second rotatable clamping device 5, wherein the first clamping device 4 and the second clamping device 5 are configured for clamping a string core 7 of the musical string 2 and for rotation about a clamping device rotation axis 6 in a direction of rotation 28, further comprising a feeding device 11 for feeding at least one first winding element 13 in a first feeding direction 15 to the string core 7 during a winding process, further comprising a guide device 16 for predefinable section-wise guiding of the string core 7, wherein the guide device 16 together with the feeding device 11 is movable parallel to the clamping device rotation axis 6 between the first clamping device 4 and the second clamping device 5, wherein the feeding device 11 and the guide device 16 are configured and interact such that at every point in time during the winding process an actual winding point 17 is formed in the guide device 16,where the first winding element 13 begins to be wound around the string core 7, the guide device 16 having a first contact part 21 with a first contact surface 18, a second contact part 22 with a second contact surface 19, and a third contact part 23 with a third contact surface 20, wherein – in a plane normal to the clamping device rotation axis 6 – a first straight line 24 adjacent to the first contact surface 18, a second straight line 25 adjacent to the second contact surface 19, and a third straight line 26 adjacent to the third contact surface 20 form a triangle 27 which surrounds the string core 7.

[0016] This allows the sound and playability of the second musical string to be predictably influenced and / or adjusted during or through the manufacturing process. This provides expanded possibilities for adjusting, defining, or adapting the sound and playability of a second musical string during or as a result of its manufacture, independent of the materials used, its internal structure, and / or its dimensions. Therefore, it is not necessary to change the materials, internal structure, and / or dimensions to alter the sound and / or playability of the second musical string.

[0017] In known manufacturing methods on previously used winding machines, the deformation and / or deflection of the string core at the current winding point 17, which can also be referred to as the winding point, cannot be specifically controlled or adjusted. During winding, the string core 7 and the first winding element 13 are deformed. These deformations are largely elastic and, depending on the magnitude of the tension force of the string core 7 and the magnitude of the initial tensile force 15 on the first winding element 13, also plastic. This lateral deflection, in conventional manufacturing methods and known machines, depends on the tension force on the string core 7 and the initial tensile force 14 on the first winding element 13.This deformation is further influenced by the angle between the approaching first winding element 13 and the clamping device rotation axis 6, as well as by the position of the current winding point 17 between the two clamping devices 4, 5.

[0018] Using the winding machine 1, this deformation can be preset independently of the aforementioned parameters. The deformation and / or deflection of the string core 7 or the musical string 2 during the manufacturing process can be preset on the winding machine 1 according to the invention without changing the tension force on the string core 7 and / or the initial tension force 15 on the first winding element 13 and / or the angle between the tapered first winding element 13 and the clamping element axis of rotation 6. Furthermore, the deformation and / or deflection can also be preset independently of the position of the current winding point 17 between the two clamping elements 4, 5. This makes it possible to produce musical strings with a predetermined sound and playability.

[0019] This allows the bending stiffness of the finished music string 2 to be predictably influenced. This allows the overtone behavior of the vibrating music string 2 to be predictably adjusted.

[0020] This allows the lateral deflection of the string core 7 from the tensioning device's axis of rotation 6 to be very finely adjusted at the spinning point or the current winding point 17. This also essentially prevents this deflection. Preventing this deflection has a direct influence on the winding process and the vibrational characteristics of the manufactured musical string 2. This enables particularly precise winding of the first winding element 13, as the string core 7 cannot yield unpredictably to the tension 14. This has proven especially advantageous when the tension on the first winding element 13 is varied along the length of the string core 7.

[0021] In the winding machine 1 in question, the string core 7 is not bent, or only slightly bent, during the winding process, thus preventing any return to its original position. This reduces the occurrence of irregular tension in at least one winding layer.

[0022] The winding machine 1 in question allows for more precise winding. This enables the targeted and repeatable formation of a winding layer in which the adjacent turns of the first winding element 13 touch but are not pressed against each other. This allows the first winding element 13 to be produced with a predefinable and highly repeatable distance between the individual turns. This, in turn, allows for the precise adjustment of the internal damping of the music string 2. The internal damping of the music string 2 can be increased to a predefinable degree. This significantly influences the vibration behavior of the music string.

[0023] When sound is produced by bowing, the music string 2 is set into a sawtooth vibration. As can be seen in an FFT, for example, each sawtooth is composed of many sine waves with different frequencies, with the high-frequency vibrations forming the tip of the sawtooth. The tip of the sawtooth directly determines the proportion of different high-frequency vibrations. This sawtooth tip can be shaped as needed by changing the contacts or contact forces between the adjacent windings. This allows for the direct generation of significantly clearer and more distinct high-frequency harmonic overtones. The manufacturing process on the winding machine 1 therefore has a direct influence on the playing and tonal characteristics of the music string 2.

[0024] By surrounding the music string 2 around its circumference with the guide device 16 in such a way that the string core 7 or the string core 7 with the first winding element 13 arranged on it cannot "escape" the guide device 16, a predetermined contact pressure with which the first winding element 13 is pressed against the string core 7 can be set during the winding process with a certain independence from the tensile force 14 on the first winding element 13.

[0025] Some instruments of the violin family produce a so-called wolf tone when excited in certain frequency ranges. The occurrence of a wolf tone causes a breakdown of the regular vibration of the fundamental tone, resulting in an irregular, uncontrollable sound. In the wolf tone range, an instrument is very difficult, if not impossible, to play. The tendency to produce a wolf tone is a characteristic of an individual instrument and not a characteristic of a specific type or genus of instruments. Therefore, not all string instruments exhibit one or more wolf tones. If an instrument, especially a violin or cello, exhibits a very pronounced wolf tone characteristic, this can significantly reduce the instrument's monetary value.

[0026] In addition to the behavior, especially the resonance behavior, of the affected instrument, the occurrence of the wolf tone or its "strength" or "pronouncement" can be influenced by the music string 2, which produces the sound with the relevant fundamental tone.

[0027] With the winding machine 1 in question, a musical string 2 can be specifically produced with which - in a correspondingly affected instrument - the occurrence of a wolf tone can be completely prevented or at least its "pronunciation" can be significantly reduced.

[0028] During the manufacturing process in the winding machine 1 in question, the internal damping of the musical string 2 can be preset within a predetermined frequency range, and in particular increased to such an extent that the instrument is damped in this range to such an extent that no wolf tone occurs, or if it does, it is only relatively weak. It should be noted that the relevant frequency ranges are very similar for different types of stringed instruments. For violins, this is the range between 450 Hz and 550 Hz, especially the range between B2 and C2.

[0029] The Fig. 1 und 2 The schematic representations of a physical winding machine 1 for the production of a musical string 2 are shown. Fig. 3 bis 10 Figure 1 shows different preferred embodiments of the guide device 16 as well as preferred embodiments of certain features of the guide device 16. The proportions shown do not necessarily correspond to the intended actual proportions. For better understanding, individual parts may be shown in a greatly enlarged view or with significantly exaggerated proportions.

[0030] The winding machine 1 is designed and constructed for winding a string core 7 during the manufacture of musical strings 2. A specific musical string 2 is intended for use on a particular type of musical instrument. The winding machine 1 is particularly intended for the manufacture of musical strings 2 for plucked or bowed string instruments. Preferably, the winding machine 1 is not intended for the manufacture of musical strings 2 for instruments that have a separate string 2 for each note and that are not plucked by the musician, but rather pressed against a fingerboard with their finger to produce different pitches. This applies in particular to the piano, the harpsichord, the zither, the harp, and similar instruments. Musical strings 2 for such instruments differ significantly in design from musical strings 2 for plucked or bowed string instruments.Furthermore, these strings also exhibit significantly different requirements, as the respective instruments and the excitation are entirely different. Due to these differences in musical string 2, the manufacturing processes and consequently the machines used to produce them also differ from those designed for the production of musical string 2 for plucked or bowed instruments.

[0031] The winding machine 1 has a machine bed 8. In its basic design, the winding machine 1 resembles a lathe, but exhibits some significant differences. In addition to the machine bed 8, the winding machine 1 has a straight guideway 9 on which a carriage 10 is longitudinally displaceable. Parallel to the guideway 9, the winding machine 1 preferably has at least one clamping guideway 32.

[0032] The winding machine 1 has two rotatable clamping devices 4 and 5, which are arranged opposite each other in or on the winding machine 1. The first clamping device 4 and the second clamping device 5 have a common clamping device axis of rotation 6. Both the guide track 9 and the clamping device guide track 32 are arranged parallel to the clamping device axis of rotation 6.

[0033] The first clamping device 4 and the second clamping device 5 are designed and configured for fastening or clamping a string core 7 of the musical string 2. In a simple embodiment, the first and second clamping devices 4, 5 are designed as hooks.

[0034] The first clamping device 4 and / or the second clamping device 5 are provided for predefinable clamping of the string core 7. At least one of the two clamping devices 4, 5, is arranged on an independent clamping device slide 33, which is longitudinally displaceable on a clamping device guide track 32 arranged parallel to the clamping device rotation axis 6. The clamping device slide 33 can also have a locking device to hold its position on the clamping device guide track 32. The first clamping device 4 is preferably fixedly connected to the machine bed 8.

[0035] The winding machine 1 has at least one drive motor which drives the two clamping devices 4, 5 and is preferably connected to them via a gearbox. In particular, the winding machine 1 has two drive motors, preferably with rotational angle control, each of which drives one clamping device 4, 5. The two clamping devices 4, 5 are driven such that they cause a clamped string core 7 to rotate about its longitudinal extent. If a first winding layer comprising the first winding element 13 is already arranged on the string core 7 and a further winding layer is to be arranged around or on the first winding layer, then the assembly of string core 7 and the first winding element 13 arranged on it will, of course, be set into rotation about its longitudinal extent. The string core 7 orAn intermediate product in the manufacture of the musical string 2 is not twisted or warped during rotation. The rotation takes place in a direction 28, which is in the . Fig.3 and 6 marked.

[0036] In the production of the musical string 2, the rotating string core 7 is helically wound or encased with at least one first winding element 13. For the controlled dispensing of the first winding element 13 during the winding process, the winding machine 1 has a feed device 11, which is arranged on the carriage 10. Preferably, the first winding element 13 is arranged on a spool 34, which is connected to the feed device 11 or the carriage 10, and is taken from or unwound from this spool 34 during production.

[0037] The feeding device 11 has a discharge section 12 against which the first winding element 13 rests and is pulled off for predetermined or controlled dispensing. The discharge section 12 is the last point where the first winding element 13 touches the feeding device 11 as it approaches the string core 7. The discharge section 12 is preferably a rotatably mounted roller. Fig. 1 und 2 The image shows an example of such a role. It can also be arranged in other positions, in particular at different angles to the clamping element's axis of rotation 6.

[0038] At the start of the production of the musical string 2, one end of the first winding element 13 is connected to a string core 7. This is preferably done near the first tensioning device 4. The first winding element 13, now attached to the string core 7, is then tensioned with a predetermined tensile force 14, and the string core 7 is set into rotation. The rotation moves the first winding element 13 away from its source, preferably unwinding it from the spool 34. The predetermined tensile force 14 can be achieved and / or adjusted, for example, by a resistance or brake on the spool 34, so that the first winding element 13 is unwound from the spool 34 with a certain force, hence the tensile force 14. The higher the resistance, the greater the tensile force 14.

[0039] By combining the rotation of the string core 7 and the movement of the winding device 11 essentially parallel to the clamping element's axis of rotation 6, the string core 7 is wound helically or spirally by the first winding element 13 during the winding process. The contact point where the first winding element 13 touches the string core 7 and begins to be wound around it, and consequently the point where the tensile force 14 acts on the string core 7, is referred to as the winding point 17 or current winding point 17.

[0040] Due to the first winding element 13, which now pulls laterally on the string core 7, the string core 7 would be deflected or bent or deformed, as is known from the classical mechanics of the carrier on two support points.

[0041] The winding machine 1 has a guide device 16 for the predefinable, section-by-section guidance of the string core 7. "Guide" is understood in particular to mean that the degree of lateral deflection or bending of the string core 7 due to the tensile force 14 can be predetermined or controlled, preferably prevented.

[0042] During the winding process, the guide device 16 moves parallel to the clamping device's rotary axis 6 together with the feed device 11. The feed device 11 and the guide device 16 are designed and arranged such that the winding point 17 is located within the guide device 16. Lateral deflections of the string core 7 during the winding process, caused by the tensile force 14, are now limited by the guide device 16. The guide device 16 therefore acts as a support for the string core 7 at the current winding point 17.

[0043] The guide device 16 has three contact parts 21, 22, 23 which are designed and arranged such that they - viewed along the longitudinal extent of the clamped string core 7 - encompass the string core 7, whereby simultaneous surface contact of all three contact parts 21, 22, 23 with the string core 7 is possible, and preferably also provided.

[0044] The three contact parts 21, 22, 23 are a first contact part 21 with a first contact surface 18, a second contact part 22 with a second contact surface 19, and a third contact part 23 with a third contact surface 20. A straight line 24, 25, 26 lies in each of the three contact surfaces 18, 19, 20. Therefore, three straight lines 24, 25, 26 lie in a plane perpendicular to the clamping device's axis of rotation 6. The first of the three straight lines 24 lies adjacent to the first contact surface 18. The second straight line 25 lies in the second contact surface 19, and the third straight line 26 lies adjacent to the third contact surface 20. See in particular the following. Fig. 9 .

[0045] It is intended that these three straight lines 24, 25, 26 together form a triangle 27, within which the string core 7 is located during the manufacturing process. The guide device 16 therefore has no mutually parallel contact surfaces 18, 19, 20. The string core 7, or the string core 7 together with the first winding element 13 arranged on it, is therefore located within this hypothetical triangle 27.

[0046] The current winding point 17 is within the guide device 16. The first contact surface 18, the second contact surface 19, and the third contact surface 20 therefore touch the assembly of string core 7 and first winding element 13 precisely at the current winding point 17. The guide device 16 will extend beyond the current winding point 17 in the longitudinal direction, which runs essentially parallel to the string rotation axis 6, as is also shown in the Fig. 3 und 4 is shown.

[0047] The guide device 16 is not arranged or otherwise restricted in such a way that it only touches the string core 7 before the first winding element touches it. This naturally also includes a combination of the string core 7 with a winding layer already arranged in a previous winding process. In this case, the current winding point 17 is not located within the guide device 16.

[0048] It may be provided that all three contact parts 21, 22, 23 touch the music string during the winding process.

[0049] The guide device 16 has a slit-shaped opening 31 at least between the first contact part 21 and the third contact part 23. During the manufacturing process, the first winding element 13 passes through this opening 31 to the current winding position 17.

[0050] The guide device 16 may also have an opening, in particular a slit-like opening, between the first contact part 21 and the second contact part 22 and / or between the second contact part 22 and the third contact part 23. However, the three contact parts 21, 22, 23 are designed and positioned such that the string core 7 – in the operating state or during the manufacturing process – cannot protrude laterally from the guide device 16 along its longitudinal extent.

[0051] Regardless of the geometry of the guide device 16, it is provided that the slit-shaped opening 31 can be opened and closed wide enough to allow the string core 7 to be fed into the free space between the three contact parts 21, 22, 23.

[0052] The clearance or receiving space between the contact parts 21, 22, 23 has a length – viewed in a direction along or parallel to the clamping element's axis of rotation 6 – which is preferably between 1% and 14% of the scale length of the musical string 2 to be manufactured. For example, this length can be essentially 11 mm, or approximately 1%, for a scale length of 1100 mm. For a scale length of 215 mm, it can be essentially 30 mm, or approximately 14%.

[0053] In the manufacturing process, the guide device 16 can be positioned, in particular, such that the clearance for receiving the string core 7 is in the clamping device's axis of rotation 6 or parallel to it. According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the guide device 16 is rotatably mounted in the plane formed by the first feed direction 15 and the clamping device's axis of rotation 6. Fig. 4 The preferred direction of rotation 41 is shown. In a first preferred embodiment of this feature, the guide device 16 is pivotable into at least two different positions and preferably also lockable in each position. The settings of the respective positions can be either displacement-controlled, i.e., by specifying a particular position, or force-controlled, i.e., until a certain contact force is reached. The guide device 16 is then not pivotable or rotatable during the manufacturing process. In a second preferred embodiment of this feature, the guide device 16 is pivotably or rotatably mounted, and this mobility is maintained even during the manufacturing process. This allows for minor compensatory movements.

[0054] As already explained, triangle 27 is purely fictitious and is not fully formed on the winding machine 1, since the three contact surfaces 18, 19, 20 do not intersect or form any common vertices. However, triangle 27 allows for a concise and clear description of the preferred geometries of the guide device 16.

[0055] The Fig. 5, 6 , 7 , 8, 9 und 10 Figures 21, 22, 23 and 27 respectively show different preferred embodiments of the contact parts 21, 22, 23 and the triangles 27 respectively.

[0056] The Fig. 3, 4 and 5We show a first preferred embodiment of a guide device 16 in which the triangle 27 is designed as an irregular right-angled triangle 27. In particular, the first angle α between the first line 24 and the second line 25 is essentially 90°. This design has proven particularly advantageous with regard to manufacture and operation, since two of the three contact parts 21, 22, 23 can be designed as cuboids. In the Fig 3 - 5 These are the first contact part 21 and the second contact part 22. The further third contact part 23 is designed as a body with a trapezoidal base.

[0057] The second angle β between the second line 25 and the third line 26 and the third angle γ between the third line 26 and the first line 24 determine – in the first embodiment – ​​the inclination of the third contact surface 20. This determines the positioning of the interface between the three contact forces acting on the string core 7 and consequently also the effects of the guide device 16 on the winding process.

[0058] The Fig. 6 and 9Figure 1 shows a second preferred embodiment of a guide device 16. In this embodiment, triangle 27 is designed as an isosceles right-angled triangle 27. The second angle β and the third angle γ are essentially 45°. This results in a stable, even distribution of forces and a secure, stable positioning of the string core 7 during the manufacturing process. Furthermore, this is easy to manufacture and can be integrated into a machine.

[0059] Fig. 7 Figure 1 shows a third preferred embodiment of a guide device 16, in which the triangle 27 is an irregular obtuse-angled triangle 27. This results in a multitude of possibilities. While an irregular obtuse-angled triangle 27 may be more complex to manufacture or arrange on the winding machine 1 than some other geometric shapes, it also offers a multitude of possibilities for achieving a specific predetermined effect on the string core 7 during the winding process.

[0060] Fig. 8 Figure 1 shows a fourth preferred embodiment of a guide device 16, in which the triangle 27 is an equilateral triangle 27. This allows a perfectly uniform load to be applied to the string core 7 over its circumference.

[0061] Fig. 10 Figure 1 shows a fifth preferred embodiment of a guide device 16, in which the triangle 27 is an irregular acute-angled triangle 27. This allows for deliberately very unequal forces to be applied to the circumference of the string core 7 during the winding process. This has different effects on the sound of the musical string 2 and can therefore be used to create musical strings 2 with special properties.

[0062] The triangle 27 can have different dimensions, as long as the string core 7, together with the first winding element 13 or several winding elements 13 arranged on it, can be positioned within it. Preferably, the diameter 30 of the incircle 29 of the triangle 27 corresponds essentially to the diameter of the string core 7 together with the first winding element 13 enclosing it, for which the winding machine is intended. This ensures precise positioning of the string core 7 during the manufacturing process. Furthermore, certain contact forces and corresponding frictions exist between the contact surfaces 18, 19, 20 and the first winding element 13, thus promoting the formation of a secure connection between the string core 7 and the winding element 13. The force required to wind the first winding element 13 onto the string core 7 is the torsional force in the string core 7.This force is transmitted from the two clamping devices 4, 5 to the current winding point 17 through the string core 7. It has been shown that the torsional forces in the music string can be preset by means of different contact forces between the contact surfaces 18, 19, 20 and the first winding element 13, which rests against the string core 7.

[0063] Preferably, it is provided that different musical strings 2 with different dimensions can be produced on a winding machine 1 and that the winding machine 1 is adjustable accordingly. In particular, it is provided that the guide device 16 is designed such that the diameter 30 of the inscribed circle 29 is predefinably adjustable. This allows different musical strings 2 to be produced with one winding machine 1.

[0064] In a first preferred implementation of adjustability, at least one contact part 21, 22, 23 is arranged or attached so as to be displaceable. In particular, the first contact part 21 is displaceable in a first direction 35 parallel to the first contact surface 18. Additionally or alternatively, the second contact part 22 can be displaceable in a second direction 36 parallel to the first contact surface 18. Furthermore, the third contact part 23 can also be arranged or designed so as to be displaceable. In particular, the third contact part 23 is displaceable in a third direction 37, which third direction 37 is preferably normal to the third contact surface 20 and / or parallel to the second contact surface 19. This first preferred implementation of adjustability allows the area of ​​triangle 27 to be changed without altering its fundamental geometry.

[0065] In a further development of this embodiment, it has proven advantageous if two of the three contact parts 21, 22, 23, preferably the second contact part 22 and the third contact part 23, are controllably positioned and brought into positions in which they make contact with the string core 7 with the first winding element 13 arranged thereon. This presses the combination of string core 7 and first winding element 13 against the first contact part 21. The displacement or adjustment of the positions of the two contact parts 22, 23 can be achieved by means of a contact force control and / or a displacement control.

[0066] It has also proven advantageous that the diameter 30 of the incircle 29 of the triangle 27 is larger to a predefinable extent than the diameter of the string core 7 together with the first winding element 13 enclosing it. This refers to the string core 7 and the first winding element 13 for whose processing or use the winding machine 1 is provided. Fig. 11 Figure 16 shows a corresponding guide device, with the proportions deliberately exaggerated. In the representation according to Fig. 11 The diameter 30 of the incircle 29 is shown to be significantly larger than the diameter of the first winding element 13 on the string core 7. This leads to a change in the direction of rotation 28, as shown in the Fig. 3 and 11As shown in the diagram, the first winding element 13 has primary contact with the first and second contact parts 21, 22. A noticeable gap therefore exists between the first winding element 13 on the string core 7 and the third contact part 23. The third contact part 23 is touched by the first winding element 13 less frequently than the combination of the first and second contact parts 21, 22. This adaptation of the internal dimensions of the guide device 16 to the dimensions of the processed parts of the musical string 2 to be manufactured has proven to be a further direct means of specifically influencing the sound and playability of the manufactured musical string 2.

[0067] Fig. 11Figure 1 also shows another embodiment of the first contact part 21. In this embodiment, the first contact part has a run-off edge for the first winding element 13, which is rounded. Different radii of such a rounded run-off edge can also influence the sound and / or playability of the manufactured musical string.

[0068] In a second preferred implementation of adjustability, the guide device 16 is preferably designed such that the first angle α between the first line 24 and the second line 25 and / or the second angle β between the second line 25 and the third line 26 and / or the third angle γ between the third line 26 and the first line 24 can be predefinably changed. This makes it possible to modify the fundamental character of the guide device 16. For a first type of musical string 2, it may have proven advantageous for the guide device 16 to have the cross-section of an equilateral triangle 27. For a second type of musical string 2, it may have proven advantageous for the guide device 16 to have the cross-section of an isosceles right-angled triangle 27.Since the guide device 16 has the possibility of changing and predefining at least two, in particular all three, angles α, β, γ, it can also be adjusted for the production of very different musical strings 2.

[0069] In a method for manufacturing a musical string 2, the string core 7 of the musical string 2 is attached to the winding machine 1 in a first step. This is done by attaching one end of the string core 7 to the first clamping device 4 and a second end of the string core 7 to the second clamping device 5.

[0070] The winding machine 1 has a feeding device 11, which is designed to dispense a first winding element 13. One end of the first winding element 13 is connected to or attached to the string core 7.

[0071] The winding machine 1 has a guide device 16 as described above, which has a first contact part 21 with a first contact surface 18, a second contact part 22 with a second contact surface 19, and a third contact part 23 with a third contact surface 20. The three straight lines 24, 25, 26 adjacent to the individual contact surfaces 18, 19, 20 form a triangle 27.

[0072] The string core 7 is positioned within the guide device 16. This can be achieved, for example, by pulling it through the guide device 16 during its attachment to the winding machine 1. Alternatively, the guide device 16 can be arranged around the string core 7. This can be done by partially opening the guide device 16. The guide device 16 thus surrounds the string core 7 and guides it through a defined section during the manufacturing process.

[0073] The guide device 16 has a slit-shaped opening 31 through which the first winding element 13 passes.

[0074] The clamping devices 4, 5 are set into rotation about the clamping device axis of rotation 6. In the winding process, the first winding element 13, tensioned with a predefinable tensile force 14, is fed to the string core 7 in a first feed direction 15.

[0075] The first winding element 13 is wound around the string core 7. During this winding process, a current winding point 17 is formed, at which the first winding element 13 begins to be wound around the string core 7. This current winding point 17 is located within the guide device 16.

[0076] The guide device 16 is connected to the feed device 11 by means of a fastening device 39. This fastening device 39 can be designed as a stationary machine component.

[0077] With familiar strings on bowed and plucked instruments, the sound and handling / playability generally change when the musician moves their finger from a so-called low action (corresponding to a lower pitch and consequently a relatively long vibrating section of the string) to a so-called high action (corresponding to a higher pitch and a relatively short vibrating section of the string). Instruments of the violin family always have a fingerboard over which the string runs. The distance between the fingerboard and the string changes along the string's path from the nut and bridge of the instrument. At the nut, this distance is relatively small. At the end of the fingerboard opposite the bridge, this distance is significantly larger, usually two to three times the distance at the nut.These varying distances influence the sound, handling, and excitation characteristics of the musical string, and are a major reason for the different properties of different fundamental tones. Due to these varying distances, when the string is pressed against the fretboard, the string is stretched differently depending on where on the fretboard it is plucked.

[0078] To compensate for this effect, individual parts of stringed and plucked instruments are adjusted accordingly. In particular, with instruments of the violin family, the fingerboard is often shaped differently along its length. This is called fingerboard hollowing. This adjustment must be made individually for each instrument by a luthier. This is a time-consuming, complex, and expensive process for the luthier.

[0079] In a further development of the invention, it can be provided that the distance between the contact parts 21, 22, 23 of the guide device 16 and the clamping device rotary axis 6 is adjustable. The winding machine 1 has an adjustable or adjustable and preferably force-controllable and / or displacement-controllable fastening device 39.

[0080] The fastening device 39 is designed such that the relevant distance or normal distance can be continuously and predictably adjusted along the length of the string core 7. In particular, such that this distance follows a predictable profile.

[0081] This allows the production of musical strings that, at different vibrating lengths (and therefore when played in different positions), exhibit a sound and / or playability that differs significantly from conventionally manufactured musical strings. This is because the winding machine in question allows for different vibration levels than are achievable with conventional methods. Thus, a musical string can be produced that, at specific fretted lengths or positions, possesses predetermined tonal characteristics and / or specific playability.

[0082] This allows for the creation of musical strings that are easily playable even on an instrument with a simple fretboard, i.e., a fretboard without a hollow cut. This can positively influence the sound of simpler and less expensive instruments, thus eliminating the need for the costly work of a luthier.

[0083] This allows the contact forces between adjacent windings to be very precisely adjusted and, above all, predictably varied along the length of the music string 2. This has a direct influence on the bending stiffness of the vibrating length of the music string 2. By adjusting the contact forces, the bending stiffness can be adapted to the vibrating string length, i.e., changed along the length of the music string 2.

[0084] The fastening device 39 includes a corresponding actuator. The actuator is, in particular, an electrically and / or pneumatically operated mechanical positioning unit. The electrically operated positioning unit is particularly comparable to a so-called servo from the field of model aircraft. A preferred pneumatically operated positioning unit is, for example, a pneumatic guide cylinder, a pneumatic piston cylinder, and / or a servo-pneumatic positioning system.

[0085] This allows the distance of the guide device 16 or its contact parts 21, 22, 23 to the clamping device rotation axis 6 to be set and predefinable.

[0086] According to a preferred embodiment of the actuator, it comprises both a pneumatic actuating unit and an electric actuating unit, the electric actuating unit being arranged on the pneumatic actuating unit. This allows for coarse adjustment using the pneumatic actuating unit, in which the guide device 16 is moved within a predefinable range around a target point. Subsequently, a so-called fine adjustment is performed using the electric actuating unit. The guide device 16 is thereby moved very precisely to the desired position.

[0087] In a preferred method for manufacturing a musical string 2 using an adjustable fastening device 39, it is provided that the respective normal distance of the guide device 16 to the clamping means rotation axis 6 is continuously changed.

[0088] The following are principles for understanding and interpreting the disclosure in question.

[0089] Characters are usually introduced with an indefinite article "ein, eine, eines, einer". Unless the context indicates otherwise, "ein, eine, eines, einer" should therefore not be understood as a numeral.

[0090] The phrase "essentially" in conjunction with a numerical value includes a tolerance of ± 10% around the stated numerical value, unless otherwise indicated by the context.

[0091] Value ranges include the endpoints unless the context indicates otherwise.

Claims

1. Winding machine (1) for a musical string (2), comprising a first rotatable clamping device (4) and a second rotatable clamping device (5), wherein the first clamping device (4) and the second clamping device (5) are designed for clamping a string core (7) of the musical string (2) and for rotation about a clamping device rotation axis (6) in a direction of rotation (28), further comprising a feeding device (11) for feeding at least one first winding element (13) in a first feeding direction (15) to the string core (7) during a winding process, further comprising a guiding device (16) for predefinable section-wise guiding of the string core (7), wherein the guiding device (16) together with the feeding device (11) is movable parallel to the clamping device rotation axis (6) between the first clamping device (4) and the second clamping device (5), wherein the guiding device (16) has a first contact part (21) with a first contact surface (18),a second contact part (22) with a second contact surface (19) and a third contact part (23) with a third contact surface (20), wherein - in a plane normal to the clamping device rotation axis (6) - a first straight line (24) adjacent to the first contact surface (18), a second straight line (25) adjacent to the second contact surface (19) and a third straight line (26) adjacent to the third contact surface (20) form a triangle (27) which surrounds the string core (7), . characterized by the fact that the feed device (11) and the guide device (16) are designed and interact in such a way that at every point in time during the winding process a current winding point (17) is formed within the guide device (16), wherein at the current winding point (17) the first winding element (13) begins to be wound around the string core (7).

2. Winding machine (1) according to claim 1, characterized by the fact thatThe triangle (27) is an irregular right-angled triangle (27).

3. Winding machine (1) according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that The triangle (27) is an irregular acute-angled triangle (27).

4. Winding machine (1) according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that The triangle (27) is an irregular obtuse-angled triangle (27).

5. Winding machine (1) according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that The triangle (27) is an equilateral triangle (27).

6. Winding machine (1) according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized by the fact that the guide device (16) is designed such that the diameter (30) of the in-circle (29) can be predetermined and adjusted.

7. Winding machine (1) according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized by the fact that the first contact part (21) is displaceable in a first direction (35) parallel to the first contact surface (18).

8. Winding machine (1) according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized by the fact thatthe second contact part (22) is displaceable in a second direction (36) parallel to the first contact surface (18).

9. Winding machine (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized by the fact that the third contact part (23) is displaceable in a third direction (37), which third direction (37) is preferably normal to the third contact surface (20) and / or parallel to the second contact surface (19).

10. Winding machine (1) according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized by the fact that the guide device (16) is designed such that the first angle (α) between the first line (24) and the second line (25) and / or the second angle (β) between the second line (25) and the third line (26) and / or the third angle (γ) between the third line (26) and the first line (24) can be predefinably changed.

11. Winding machine (1) according to claim 10, characterized by the fact thatthe third contact part (23) is pivotably arranged for predefinable setting of the second angle (β) and the third angle (γ).

12. Winding machine (1) according to claim 10 or 11, characterized by the fact that the first contact part (21) and / or the second contact part (22) and / or the third contact part (23) is interchangeable.

13. Winding machine (1) according to one of claims 1 to 12, characterized by the fact that the guide device (16) is mounted to allow rotation in the plane formed by the first feed direction (15) and the clamping device rotation axis (6).

14. Method for manufacturing a musical string (2), in particular with a winding machine (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 13, wherein a first end of a string core (7) of the musical string (2) is attached to a first clamping means (4), wherein a second end of the string core (7) is attached to a second clamping means (5), wherein the clamping means (4, 5) are rotated about a clamping means rotation axis (6), wherein the string core (7) is guided in a predetermined section of a guide device (16), wherein the guide device (16) has a first contact part (21) with a first contact surface (18), a second contact part (22) with a second contact surface (19) and a third contact part (23) with a third contact surface (20), wherein a first straight line (24) abutting the first contact surface (18), a second straight line (25) abutting the second contact surface (19) and aa third straight line (26) adjacent to the third contact surface (20) forms a triangle (27) which surrounds the string core (7), wherein in a winding process at least one first winding element (13) tensioned with a predefinable tensile force (14) is fed to the string core (7) in a first feeding direction (15) by means of a feeding device (11), wherein the guide device (16) together with the feeding device (11) is moved parallel to the clamping device rotation axis (6) between the first clamping device (4) and the second clamping device (5), wherein at each point in time of the winding process an actual winding point (17) is formed at which the first winding element (13) begins to be wound around the string core (7), , characterized by the fact thatthe current winding point (17) is formed within the guide device 16, and the first winding element (13) is fed to the winding point (17) through a slit-shaped opening (31) between the first contact part (21) and the third contact part (23).

15. Method according to claim 14, characterized by the fact that the guide device (16) is connected to the feed device (11) by means of an adjustable fastening device (39), and the respective normal distance of the guide device (16) to the clamping device rotation axis 6 is continuously changed by the adjustable fastening device (39).

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