Metho and device for determining brightness range of visual field affecting pupil diameter of eye, and view angle thereof

Abstract

To provide a program and a device for clarifying a range of brightness in a visual field that affects a pupil diameter.SOLUTION: A screen 105 with different levels of brightness of a viewpoint and the periphery is shown to a user, a pupil diameter of the user is measured, and the reference brightness with the pupil diameter on the "reference brightness-basic pupil diameter" data as a basic pupil diameter is obtained. The size of a circle is obtained, in which average brightness of the brightness of a circle of the viewpoint and a circle of the brightness affecting a peripheral pupil diameter coincides with the reference brightness on the "reference brightness-basic pupil diameter" data. A diameter of a peripheral brightness circle in a visual recognition range affecting the pupil diameter of the user is obtained. A view angle 802 of the peripheral brightness circle affecting the pupil diameter of the user can be determined from a distance to a visible object and the diameter of the peripheral brightness circle.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 8

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The pupil diameter is affected by the brightness of the user's visual field. The present invention clarifies the range of brightness in the visual field that controls the pupil diameter. method, Program and luminance measurement Relates to a device.

Background Art

[0002] It is already known (Non-Patent Document 1) that the pupil diameter expands when a person pays attention. However, the pupil diameter is also affected by the brightness of the visual field. In order to remove the influence of this brightness and extract the pupil diameter related only to the degree of attention, the relationship between the reference brightness specific to the user - the basic pupil diameter is measured in advance, the brightness of the visual recognition visual field when the user views the content is measured, and the basic pupil diameter corresponding to the same reference brightness as the measured brightness is deleted. By doing so, the influence of brightness on the pupil diameter of the user can be removed, and the pupil diameter that only values the degree of attention to the visual recognition target can be obtained, and the degree of attention of the user to the visual recognition target can be obtained. (Prior Patent Document 1, Prior Patent Document 2)

[0003] In addition to brightness, respiration and pulse affect the pupil diameter. As a method for removing the influence of the user's respiration and pulse, as shown in Prior Patent Document 3, since respiration and pulse are almost periodic operations, by applying a moving average or a low-pass filter (Low Pass Filter) with a frequency lower than the respiration cycle to the data of the pupil diameter over time, it is shown that the influence of respiration and pulse can be removed from the change in the pupil diameter of the user. (Prior Patent Document 3)

Prior Art Documents

Non-Patent Documents

[0004]

Non-Patent Document 1

[0005] [Non-Patent Document 2] Ishimatsu, Kazuma, Miura, Toshiaki: Effects of aging on effective field of vision: Focusing on traffic safety (Bulletin of the Graduate School of Human Sciences, Osaka University, Vol. 28) (2002) [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Publication No. 6651536, "Device for Determining Viewer's Emotions and Program for Determining Viewer's Emotions"

[0006] [Patent Document 2] Japanese Patent Publication No. 5445981, "Device for Determining Viewer's Emotions in Receiving a Viewed Scene"

[0007] [Patent Document 3] Japanese Patent Publication No. 2019-55161, "Method for eliminating the influence of respiration and pulse on pupil diameter changes, and a viewer emotion determination device, viewer emotion determination system, and program based on pupil diameter changes caused by stimulation." [Overview of the project] [Problems that the invention aims to solve]

[0008] While pupil diameter is affected by the brightness of the object being viewed, there was no clear method to define which range (area) of the visual field's brightness is affected, nor was there a brightness measurement device based on that method. [Means for solving the problem]

[0009] Pupil diameter decreases when the brightness of the field of view is high and increases when the brightness is low. In this case, the brightness that affects the user's pupil diameter is considered to be the average brightness of the brightness of the point of view and the brightness of a certain range around it.

[0010] The pupil diameter in relation to brightness varies from user to user. Therefore, the user's basic pupil diameter in relation to a standard brightness on a plain screen (a screen where the entire screen has the same brightness) is measured in advance, and relationship data of "standard brightness - basic pupil diameter" is created.

[0011] Show the user a screen with different brightnesses from the perspective as shown in FIG. 1, measure the pupil diameter of the user, and obtain the reference brightness with the pupil diameter as the basic pupil diameter on the "reference brightness - basic pupil diameter" data. The average brightness of the circle of the perspective (temporarily called the "perspective circle") and the circle of the brightness affecting the pupil diameter of the periphery (temporarily called the "peripheral brightness circle") is obtained by determining the size of the circle that matches the reference brightness on the "reference brightness - basic pupil diameter" data. 、 The diameter of the peripheral brightness circle of the visual recognition range that affects the pupil diameter of the user is determined. Thereby, from the distance of the visual recognition target and the diameter of the peripheral brightness circle, the viewing angle of the peripheral brightness circle that affects the pupil diameter of the user is determined. The measurement angle of the luminance meter also needs to be measured according to the viewing angle of the peripheral brightness circle, and relates to a luminance measuring device that can be adjusted to the viewing angle of the peripheral brightness circle. In other words, one aspect of the present invention is a method for determining the field of view of a user and the range around the viewpoint that affects the pupil diameter of the user, the method comprising: (1002) measuring the pupil diameter when the brightness of the display changes such that the brightness of a predetermined viewpoint circle A is La and the brightness of the surrounding area B is Lb on the display; (1003) accumulating reference brightness-basic pupil diameter relationship data consisting of a plurality of different combinations of the reference brightness and the basic pupil diameter, with the brightness when the brightness La and the brightness Lb are the same being used as the reference brightness, and the pupil diameter measured at that time being used as the basic pupil diameter; and using the reference brightness-basic pupil diameter relationship data accumulated in step (1003), the brightness La and the The method is characterized by comprising the steps of: (1004) determining the pupil diameter measured when the luminance Lb is the same, and the luminance Y measured when the luminance La and luminance Lb are different and corresponding to each of the pupil diameters; (1005) determining the area Sc around the viewpoint that affects the pupil diameter based on the luminance La and luminance Lb in step (1002), the luminance Y determined in step (1004), and the area Sa of the viewpoint circle A; (1006) determining the radius R of the area Sc determined in step (1005); and (1007) determining the user's field of view based on the radius R determined in step (1006) and the distance H between the user's eye and the display.

Effect of the Invention

[0012] According to the present invention, it becomes possible to measure the accurate brightness that affects the pupil diameter of the user.

Brief Description of the Drawings

[0013] [Figure 1] Basic screen configuration [Figure 2] Size on the display of the viewing angle of 2 degrees of the viewing point circle A [Figure 3] Specific numbers in the case of H = 33 cm [Figure 4] Combination of the brightness of the viewing point circle A and the brightness of its periphery B on the display [Figure 5] Graph of the relationship between the pupil diameter Pn (basic pupil diameter) when the display is the luminance Ln (reference luminance) of the plane screen [Figure 6] Screen of the viewing point circle A and the peripheral brightness circle C that affects the pupil diameter of the user [Figure 7] Conceptual diagram for finding the corresponding luminance Y from the pupil diameter P on the basic pupil diameter [Figure 8] Method for obtaining the measurement angle θ of the luminance meter [Figure 9]Functional configuration of the measurement angle adjustment brightness device [Figure 10] Operation flow [Modes for carrying out the invention]

[0014] below 、 I will explain using diagrams. The present invention is not limited to the embodiments described below, but also includes modifications made to the embodiments described below to the extent that is obvious to those skilled in the art. As shown in Figure 1, the viewpoint is placed at the center of the display, Circle A The brightness (luminance) of the field of view and Surrounding area B Prepare a basic screen for brightness settings.

[0015] Perspective Circle A There are papers and information suggesting that the field of view is generally 2 degrees. In other words, when humans see something, what is perfectly clear is the "center" part of the eye, which is the circle within the central 2 degrees of the field of vision (the viewpoint circle). A ) (Non-patent document 2, et al.) (Figure 2) In reality, this viewpoint circle A The field of view varies slightly from person to person and depending on the situation. Therefore, this field of view should not be strictly defined as 2°, and its determination method should follow other studies. However, many papers and materials use the viewpoint circle. A The field of view is said to be 2°, and from now on, the viewpoint circle will be referred to here. A The field of view is treated as 2°.

[0016] Perspective Circle A The size is determined by assuming a field of view of 2° and a distance H. H × Tan 1° = R1 (radius of the viewpoint circle) --------------- (Equation 1) R1 × 2 = D1 (Diameter of the viewpoint circle) ------------------ (Equation 2) For example, the KIKU-NAC device is designed to allow users to view a screen at a distance of H=33cm. Therefore, in the case where H = 33 cm (Figure 3) 33 (cm) × Tan 1° = 0.57 8 (cm) (Radius of the viewpoint circle) 0.57 8 ×2 = 1.15 (cm) (Diameter of the viewpoint circle)

[0017] Perspective Circle A The area Sa is Sa=πR1 2 -------------------------(Formula 3) For example, the KIKU-NAC device is designed to allow viewing of a screen at a distance of H=33cm. Since R=0.578 Sa = π × 0.57 8 2 =1.04 9 cm 2

[0018] The display brightness combination is shown in the viewpoint circle in the center of the display in Figure 4. A The brightness can be changed in 5 steps from 0% to 100%, and the viewpoint circle A For each brightness (luminance), the viewpoint circle around B The brightness can be changed in 5 steps from 0% to 100%. The combination is as shown in Figure 4. Also 、 As shown in Figure 4 Surrounding area B Instead of gradually changing the brightness (luminance), there is also a method of continuously changing the luminance. 。

[0019] The measurement is performed by changing the brightness of the display as shown in Figure 4 and having the user look at it, then measuring the pupil diameter. This is from each user's perspective. Circle A Brightness La and surrounding area B Let Pb (1-25) be the pupil diameter when viewing the combination of luminance Lb values.

[0020] Figure 4 shows Screens 1, 7, 13, 19, and 25 have the same viewing brightness and peripheral brightness, making them plain screens and thus serving as reference brightness screens. Therefore, that pupil diameter is the basic pupil diameter, and the relationship between the reference brightness and the basic pupil diameter is shown in the graph in Figure 5. Figure 4 shows 1 Display standard brightness The screen brightness at 0% is L1, L2 is L2 (25% brightness at 7), L3 is L3 (50% brightness at 13), L4 is L4 (75% brightness at 19), and L5 is L5 (100% brightness at 25), respectively, and the corresponding basic pupil diameters for the user are P1, P2, P3, P4, and P5. 。

[0021] Brightness of viewpoint circle A La and the brightness of the surrounding area B Lb The user's pupil diameter is measured for each combination. do . As shown in Figure 6, the pupil diameter Pc is measured in actual measurements when the user is looking at the viewpoint circle A. The area Sa of the circle with luminance La at viewpoint circle A is Sa=πR1 2 -----------------------(Formula 4) When H=33cm, Sa is R1=0.57 8 that's why Sa = π × 0.57 8 2 =1.04 9 cm 2

[0022] vision Point Circle A Peripheral luminance circle that affects pupil diameter of the eye, including area Sa. C If the area is Sc, Its brightness is, Perspective Circle A Peripheral brightness circle including C This is the average brightness. As shown in Figure 7, the reference brightness of the basic pupil diameter equivalent to the measured pupil diameter Pc. Y This is the peripheral brightness circle that corresponds to the pupil diameter Pc. C This is the average brightness. To find Y from the "reference brightness - basic pupil diameter" data, use an interpolation method based on proportional distribution within the brightness range corresponding to the measured Pc, and then find the corresponding brightness. Y We calculate this. As a specific example, in Figure 7, if the measured pupil diameter is Pc, then Pc lies between the corresponding basic pupil diameters P2 and P3, and the corresponding brightness (luminance) lies between L2 and L3, and the following equation 6 holds true. 。 (P2-Pc) / (P2-P3)=(L2-Y) / (L2-L3) --(Formula 5)

[0023] Therefore, the brightness corresponding to the desired Pc Y The calculation is a proportional distribution as shown in (Equation 6) below. Y= L2 - (L2 - L3) × (P2 - Pc) / (P2 - P3) ----(Formula 6) Y is the peripheral brightness circle. C Since this is the average brightness, the peripheral brightness circle C The average of the total luminance (La × Sa + Lb × (Sc - Sa)) is the luminance. Y Therefore, the peripheral brightness circle corresponding to the user's pupil diameter Pc will be C The relationship between the area Sc and the area is given by the following equation 8. (La×Sa+Lb×(Sc-Sa)) / (Sa+(Sc-Sa))=Y (La×Sa+Lb×(Sc-Sa)) / Sc=Y ---------(Formula 7) Therefore, solving equation 7 gives the user's pupil diameter. PC The area of ​​Sc given to is 、 Sc=Sa× (La-Lb) / (Y-Lb) ------------(Formula 8)

[0024] On the "Reference Brightness - Basic Pupil Diameter" data, pupil diameter PC From the corresponding brightness Y When searching for this, the relationship between reference brightness and basic pupil diameter can be approximated using methods such as the least squares method. Y=f(Pc) You can also find it from there. 。

[0025] The required measurement angle for the luminance meter is the area around the user on the display, assuming the luminance meter is close to the user's eyes. brightness circle C The area Sc is measured by a luminance meter. of It should be the same as the measurement area. Therefore, the measurement angle θ of the luminance meter should also be the same as the peripheral area. brightness circleC It should be the same as the field of view.

[0026] In other words, luminance meter of measurement of area Sc Because it was required 、 the Peripheral brightness circle C The radius R is the area Sc = πR 2 that's why 、 R=√(Sc / π) -----------------------(Equation 9) As shown in Figure 8, luminance meter of The measurement angle θ can be determined as follows. θ = 2 × Tan -1 (R / H) ---(Equation 10)

[0027] This operation Figure 4 Perform the procedure for items 1-25 using a luminance meter. Measurement angle Calculate θ. In practice, when analyzing the brightness combinations shown in Figure 4, if a user views one combination screen for 5 seconds, for example, immediately after transitioning to each brightness combination screen, the pupil diameter is in the process of changing due to light and dark adaptation. Therefore, it is necessary to consider the light and dark adaptation time by omitting the unstable data from the first 2 seconds and using the average value of the measurement data from the remaining 3 seconds for analysis.

[0028] The above functional configuration is shown in Figure 9. The basic screen configuration in Figure 1 and the viewpoint in Figure 4 Circle A and perspective circle around B The system displays each combination of brightness levels to the user, and sends the combined brightness data (La, Lb) and pupil diameter (Pb) to the receiving unit. The analysis unit sends data on the relationship between the standard brightness on the plain screen and the user's unique basic pupil diameter to the storage unit for storage. The brightness data and pupil diameter measurement values ​​from other brightness combination screens are sent to the analysis unit and stored in the storage unit. 「 Reference brightness - Basic pupil diameter 」 Refer to the data and measure did Pupil diameter PC Equivalent to standard brightness Y Calculate the peripheral brightness circle from that value. C The field of view is determined, and this result is sent to the luminance meter as field of view data, along with line-of-sight data based on the viewpoint position. The luminance meter then measures the field of view angle towards the viewpoint position. θ Brightness is measured as follows.

[0029] The workflow is shown in Figure 10. 1001 Basic screen shown in Figure 1 composition Viewpoint in Figure 4 Circle A and perspective circle around B The user will be shown each combination of brightness levels. 1002 Measure the user's pupil diameter. do. 1003 Combined luminance data and pupil diameter data are sent to the receiving unit, and the analysis unit sends the relationship between the reference luminance on the plain screen and the user's unique basic pupil diameter, "reference luminance - basic pupil diameter" data, to the storage unit for storage. 1004 The brightness data from other combination brightness screens of the plain screen and the pupil diameter measurement values ​​are sent to the analysis unit, and the pupil diameter is calculated from the accumulated "reference brightness - basic pupil diameter" data. PC Equivalent brightness Y To find (using an approximation formula such as interpolation or least squares method) 。 1005 User's pupil diameter PC equivalent brightness Y The area of ​​the brightness screen Sc To seek 。 Radius of a circle with 1006 Sc R Calculate 。 1007 Distance between user and display H We can find half of the field of view (θ / 2) from R. 。 1008 When measuring pupil diameter while the user is viewing content, the measurement angle of the luminance meter is used. θ Measure with 。

[0030] The pupil diameter measuring devices currently on the market also have a gaze measurement function (for example, KIKU-NAC or EMI-9 from NAC Image Technology Co., Ltd.), and it is possible to attach a luminance meter to these devices. The luminance meter equipped with the functions of the present invention is equipped with a function that automatically tracks the center of the luminance meter according to the line of sight obtained by pupil diameter measurement. The measurement angle of the luminance meter is the peripheral luminance circle obtained by the present invention. C field of view θ Should it be a function that tracks and automatically adjusts (programmatically), or the field of view? θ You could also set it to the average value. [Industrial applicability]

[0031] This invention makes it possible to accurately measure the brightness that affects the user's pupil diameter. [Explanation of symbols]

[0032] A Perspective Circle B Perimeter of the viewpoint circle C Peripheral brightness circle including the viewpoint circle that affects pupil diameter 100 Basic screen configuration 101 displays 102 Brightness of the viewpoint 103 Viewpoint brightness screen (circle) 104 Brightness around the viewpoint 105 Brightness screen around the viewpoint 200 users on a display with a 2-degree viewing angle. 201 User's Perspective 202 Display surface 203 User's field of view (2 degrees) 204 Half of the user's field of view (1 degree) 205 Distance between eyes and display 206 H × tan 1° = R1 (viewpoint radius) 207 R1×2=D1(viewpoint diameter) 501 Reference Brightness Ln 502 Basic pupil diameter Pn 503 Display Brightness 602 Peripheral brightness circle that affects the user's pupil diameter 701 Pupil diameter (Pc) 702 Pc equivalent brightness (Y) 800 How to determine the measurement angle (θ) of a luminance meter 801 Luminance Meter 802 Viewing angle (θ) 803 Radius (R) of the viewing angle on the display

Claims

1. A method for determining the range around the viewpoint that affects the pupil diameter of a user, and for determining the field of view of the user, Step (1002) of measuring the pupil diameter when the brightness of the display changes such that the brightness of a predetermined viewpoint circle A becomes La and the brightness of the surrounding area B becomes Lb, Step (1003) of accumulating reference brightness-basic pupil diameter relationship data consisting of multiple different combinations of reference brightness and basic pupil diameter, with the brightness when the brightness La and brightness Lb are the same being used as the reference brightness, and the pupil diameter measured at that time being used as the basic pupil diameter, Step (1004) involves using the reference luminance-basic pupil diameter relationship data accumulated in step (1003) to determine the pupil diameter measured in step (1002) when the luminance La and the luminance Lb are the same, and the luminance Y measured when the luminance La and the luminance Lb are different and corresponding to each of the pupil diameters, Step (1005) is to determine the area Sc around the viewpoint that affects the pupil diameter, based on the luminance La and luminance Lb in step (1002), the luminance Y obtained in step (1004), and the area Sa of the viewpoint circle A. Step (1006) is to determine the radius R of the area Sc obtained in step (1005), Step (1007) is to determine the user's field of view based on the radius R and the distance H between the user's eye and the display, obtained in step (1006), A method characterized by having the following:

2. A program characterized by causing a computer to execute the method described in Claim 1.

3. A luminance measuring device that determines the range around the viewpoint that affects the pupil diameter of the user, determines the field of view of the user, and measures luminance, A receiving unit inputs the brightness of the viewpoint circle A, the brightness of the surrounding area B, and the pupil diameter of the user measured for the viewpoint circle A when the brightness of the display changes so that the brightness of the viewpoint circle A becomes La and the brightness of the surrounding area B becomes Lb. The luminance when the luminance La and the luminance Lb are the same is defined as the reference luminance, and the pupil diameter measured at that time is defined as the basic pupil diameter. Relationship data between reference luminance and basic pupil diameter, consisting of multiple different combinations of the reference luminance and basic pupil diameter, is then accumulated. An analysis unit that uses the aforementioned reference brightness-basic pupil diameter relationship data to determine the pupil diameter measured when brightness La and brightness Lb are the same, and the brightness Y measured when brightness La and brightness Lb are different and corresponding to each of the pupil diameters, A field of view processing unit determines the area Sc around the viewpoint that affects the pupil diameter based on the luminance La and luminance Lb, luminance Y, and the area Sa of the viewpoint circle A, determines the radius R of the area Sc, and determines the user's field of view based on the radius R and the distance H between the user's eye and the display, A luminance meter measurement angle processing unit adjusts the field of view obtained by the field of view processing unit to a measurement angle and measures the luminance at the measurement angle, A luminance measuring device characterized by having the following features.

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