Method and apparatus for co-channel coexistence of NR V2X and LTE V2X systems

Abstract

The WTRU may be configured to receive configuration information regarding an LTE sidelink (SL) resource pool and an NR SL resource pool. The WTRU may be configured to determine an association between time and frequency resources of an LTE SL resource pool and time and frequency resources of an NR SL resource pool. The WTRU may be configured to select NR SL candidate resources from an NR SL resource pool for a hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ)-enabled NR SL transmission. The WTRU may be configured to receive reservation information indicating LTE time and frequency resources of the LTE SL resource pool. The WTRU may be configured to determine an NR SL Physical SL Feedback Channel (PSFCH) resource corresponding to each NR SL candidate resource of the selected NR SL candidate resources. The WTRU may be configured to exclude an NR SL candidate resource from the selected NR SL candidate resources.

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] (CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS) This application claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 63 / 334,988, filed April 26, 2022, and U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 63 / 394,757, filed August 3, 2022, the contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. [Background technology]

[0002] Side link (SL) operations may coexist in Long Term Evolution (LTE) and New Radio (NR) using co-channel (e.g., the same channel) or non-co-channel (e.g., adjacent channels or channels sufficiently separated from each other). In a co-channel deployment, LTE SL transmission / reception and NR SL transmission / reception may overlap within a device. In a non-co-channel deployment, LTE SL transmission and NR SL transmission may collide with each other within a device. Therefore, a method and apparatus is needed for co-channel coexistence of LTE and NR that enables LTE and NR spectrum sharing and maximum deployment flexibility. Summary of the Invention

[0003] A method and wireless transmit / receive unit (WTRU) for NR SL resource selection are disclosed. The WTRU may be configured to receive configuration information regarding a long term evolution (LTE) sidelink (SL) resource pool and a new radio (NR) SL resource pool. The WTRU may be configured to determine an association between time and frequency resources of the LTE SL resource pool and time and frequency resources of the NR SL resource pool. The WTRU may be configured to select NR SL candidate resources from the NR SL resource pool for hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) enabled NR SL transmissions. The WTRU may be configured to receive reservation information indicating LTE time and frequency resources of the LTE SL resource pool. The WTRU may be configured to determine an NR SL physical SL feedback channel (PSFCH) resource corresponding to each NR SL candidate resource of the selected NR SL candidate resources. The WTRU may be configured to exclude NR SL candidate resources from the selected NR SL candidate resources. The time and frequency resources of the excluded NR SL candidate resources may overlap with the indicated LTE time and frequency resources, or the time and frequency resources of the determined NR SL PSFCH resources may overlap with the indicated LTE time and frequency resources. The WTRU may be configured to exclude NR SL candidate resources from the selected NR SL candidate resources based on the priority of the NR SL transport block or the priority of the indicated LTE time and frequency resources. The WTRU may be configured to select an NR SL resource among the remaining NR SL candidate resources. The WTRU may be configured to transmit information in an NR SL physical sidelink shared channel (PSSCH) transmission in the selected NR SL resource.The received configuration information may include LTE SL subcarrier spacing information, NR SL subcarrier spacing information, a number of physical resource blocks (PRBs) for the LTE SL subchannel, a number of PRBs for the NR SL subchannel, LTE SL synchronization signal (SSS) resource configuration information, and NR SL PSFCH resource configuration information. Determining an association between time and frequency resources of the LTE SL resource pool and time and frequency resources of the NR SL resource pool may be based on the received configuration information. The association may include an association between an LTE SL subframe and one or more NR SL slots, and an association between an LTE SL subchannel and one or more NR SL subchannels. The association may include a logical index of the LTE SL subframe to one or more indexes of the one or more NR SL slots, and an index of the LTE SL subchannel to one or more NR SL subchannels. The time and frequency resources of the excluded NR SL candidate resources may overlap with the time and frequency resources of the LTE SL synchronization signal (SSS). Selecting the NR SL candidate resources may be responsive to the received trigger information. Receiving reservation information indicative of LTE time and frequency resources may be based on LTE sensing. Determining the NR SL PSFCH resource corresponding to each NR SL candidate resource may be based on NR PSFCH resource configuration information. The reservation information indicative of the LTE time and frequency resources may include LTE SL synchronized signal block (SSB) resources, a received LTE SSB reference signal receive power (RSRP), resources reserved for LTE V2X transmissions by the WTRU, resources reserved for LTE V2X transmissions directed to the WTRU, resources reserved for LTE V2X transmissions not directed to the WTRU, and an RSRP for resources reserved for LTE V2X transmissions not directed to the WTRU. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0004] A more detailed understanding may be had from the following description, given by way of example in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which like reference numbers indicate similar elements and in which: [Figure 1A] 1 is a system diagram illustrating an example communication system in which one or more disclosed embodiments may be implemented. [Figure 1B] 1 is a system diagram illustrating an example wireless transmit / receive unit (WTRU) that may be used within the communications system illustrated in FIG. 1A, according to one embodiment. [Figure 1C] 1 is a system diagram illustrating an example radio access network (RAN) and an example core network (CN) that may be used within the communication system illustrated in FIG. 1A, according to one embodiment. [Figure 1D] 1B is a system diagram illustrating a further exemplary RAN and a further exemplary CN that may be used within the communication system illustrated in FIG. 1A, according to one embodiment. [Diagram 2] 1 illustrates an example method for LTE sidelink (SL) resource exclusion in NR SL resource (re)selection. [Diagram 3] 1 illustrates an example method for preemptive LTE SL resource exclusion in an NR SL slot. [Figure 4] 1 illustrates an example method for performing resource selection taking into account LTE V2X resource reservation. [Diagram 5] 1 illustrates an example method for performing conflict detection between LTE V2X transmissions and NR V2X transmissions. [Figure 6] 1 illustrates an example method for performing NR SL resource selection. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0005] 1A is a diagram illustrating an example communications system 100 in which one or more disclosed embodiments may be implemented. Communications system 100 may be a multiple access system that provides content, such as voice, data, video, messaging, broadcasts, etc., to multiple wireless users. Communications system 100 may enable multiple wireless users to access such content through sharing of system resources, including wireless bandwidth. For example, the communications system 100 may use one or more channel access methods such as code division multiple access (CDMA), time division multiple access (TDMA), frequency division multiple access (FDMA), orthogonal FDMA (OFDMA), single-carrier FDMA (SC-FDMA), zero-tail unique-word discrete Fourier transform Spread OFDM (ZT-UW-DFT-S-OFDM), unique word OFDM (UW-OFDM), resource block filtered OFDM, filter bank multicarrier (FBMC), and the like.

[0006] 1A, communications system 100 may include wireless transmit / receive units (WTRUs) 102a, 102b, 102c, 102d, a radio access network (RAN) 104, a core network (CN) 106, a public switched telephone network (PSTN) 108, the Internet 110, and other networks 112, although it will be understood that the disclosed embodiments contemplate any number of WTRUs, base stations, networks, and / or network elements. Each of WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c, 102d may be any type of device configured to operate and / or communicate in a wireless environment. By way of example, the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c, 102d, any of which may be referred to as a station (STA), may be configured to transmit and / or receive wireless signals and may include user equipment (UE), mobile stations, landline or mobile subscriber units, subscription-based units, pagers, mobile phones, personal digital assistants (PDAs), smartphones, laptops, netbooks, personal computers, wireless sensors, hotspots or Mi-Fi devices, Internet of Things (IoT) devices, watches or other wearables, head-mounted displays (HMDs), vehicles, drones, medical devices and applications (e.g., remote surgery), industrial devices and applications (e.g., robots and / or other wireless devices operating in industrial and / or automated processing chain contexts), home electronic devices, devices operating in commercial and / or industrial wireless networks, etc. Any of the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c, and 102d may be interchangeably referred to as a UE.

[0007] The communications system 100 may also include a base station 114a and / or a base station 114b. Each of the base stations 114a, 114b may be any type of device configured to wirelessly interface with at least one of the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c, 102d to facilitate access to one or more communications networks, such as the CN 106, the Internet 110, and / or other networks 112. By way of example, the base stations 114a, 114b may be a base transceiver station (BTS), a Node B, an eNode B (eNode B, eNB), a Home Node B, a home eNode B, a next generation Node B (eNode B, gNB, etc.), a new radio (NR) Node B, a site controller, an access point (AP), a wireless router, etc. Although the base stations 114a, 114b are each depicted as a single element, it will be appreciated that the base stations 114a, 114b may include any number of interconnected base stations and / or network elements.

[0008] The base station 114a may be part of the RAN 104, which may also include other base stations, such as a base station controller (BSC), a radio network controller (RNC), relay nodes, and / or network elements (not shown). The base station 114a and / or the base station 114b may be configured to transmit and / or receive wireless signals on one or more carrier frequencies, which may be referred to as cells (not shown). These frequencies may be licensed spectrum, unlicensed spectrum, or a combination of licensed and unlicensed spectrum. A cell may provide wireless service coverage for a particular geographic area, which may be relatively fixed or may change over time. A cell may be further divided into cell sectors. For example, the cell associated with the base station 114a may be divided into three sectors. Thus, in one embodiment, the base station 114a may include three transceivers, i.e., one transceiver for each sector of the cell. In one embodiment, the base station 114a may employ multiple-input multiple output (MIMO) technology and may utilize multiple transceivers for each sector of the cell, for example, using beamforming to transmit and / or receive signals in a desired spatial direction.

[0009] The base stations 114a, 114b may communicate with one or more of the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c, 102d via an air interface 116, which may be any suitable wireless communication link (e.g., radio frequency (RF), microwave, centimeter wave, micrometer wave, infrared (IR), ultraviolet (UV), visible light, etc.). The air interface 116 may be established using any suitable radio access technology (RAT).

[0010] More specifically, as noted above, the communications system 100 may be a multiple access system, but may use one or more channel access schemes, such as CDMA, TDMA, FDMA, OFDMA, SC-FDMA, etc. For example, the base stations 114a and the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c of the RAN 104 may implement a radio technology such as Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS) Terrestrial Radio Access (UTRA), which may establish the air interface 116 using wideband CDMA (WCDMA). WCDMA may include communications protocols such as High-Speed ​​Packet Access (HSPA) and / or Evolved HSPA (HSPA+). HSPA may include High-Speed ​​Downlink Packet Access (HSDPA) and / or High-Speed ​​Uplink Packet Access (UL)).

[0011] In one embodiment, the base station 114a and the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c may implement a radio technology such as Evolved UMTS Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA), which may establish the air interface 116 using Long Term Evolution (LTE) and / or LTE-Advanced (LTE-A) and / or LTE-Advanced Pro (LTE-A Pro).

[0012] In one embodiment, the base station 114a and the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c may implement a radio technology such as NR radio access, which may establish the air interface 116 using NR.

[0013] In one embodiment, the base station 114a and the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c may implement multiple radio access technologies. For example, the base station 114a and the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c may implement LTE radio access and NR radio access together, e.g., using dual connectivity (DC) principles. Thus, the air interface utilized by the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c may be characterized by multiple types of radio access technologies and / or transmissions sent to and from multiple types of base stations (e.g., eNBs and gNBs).

[0014] In other embodiments, the base station 114a and the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c may implement a wireless technology such as IEEE 802.11 (i.e., Wireless Fidelity, WiFi), IEEE 802.16 (i.e., Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access, WiMAX), CDMA2000, CDMA2000 1X, CDMA2000 EV-DO, Interim Standard 2000 (IS-2000), Interim Standard 95 (IS-95), Interim Standard 856 (IS-856), Global System for Mobile communications (GSM), Enhanced Data rates for GSM Evolution (EDGE), GSM EDGE (GERAN), or the like.

[0015] The base station 114b of FIG. 1A may be, for example, a wireless router, a Home NodeB, a Home eNodeB, or an access point, and may utilize any suitable RAT to facilitate wireless connectivity in a localized area, such as an office, a home, a vehicle, a campus, an industrial facility, an air corridor (e.g., for use by drones), a road, etc. In one embodiment, the base station 114b and the WTRUs 102c, 102d may implement a radio technology, such as IEEE 802.11, to establish a wireless local area network (WLAN). In one embodiment, the base station 114b and the WTRUs 102c, 102d may implement a radio technology, such as IEEE 802.15, to establish a wireless personal area network (WPAN). In yet another embodiment, the base station 114b and the WTRUs 102c, 102d may utilize a cellular-based RAT (e.g., WCDMA, CDMA2000, GSM, LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A Pro, NR, etc.) to establish a picocell or femtocell. 1A, the base station 114b may have a direct connection to the Internet 110. Thus, the base station 114b may not need to access the Internet 110 through the CN 106.

[0016] The RAN 104 may communicate with the CN 106, which may be any type of network configured to provide voice, data, application, and / or voice over internet protocol (VoIP) services to one or more of the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c, 102d. The data may have various quality of service (QoS) requirements, such as, for example, different throughput requirements, latency requirements, error tolerance requirements, reliability requirements, data throughput requirements, mobility requirements, etc. The CN 106 may provide call control, billing services, mobile location-based services, prepaid calling, Internet connectivity, video distribution, etc., and / or perform high-level security functions such as user authentication. Although not shown in FIG. 1A, it will be appreciated that the RAN 104 and / or the CN 106 may communicate directly or indirectly with other RANs that use the same RAT as the RAN 104 or a different RAT. For example, in addition to being connected to the RAN 104, which may utilize NR radio technology, the CN 106 may also communicate with another RAN (not shown) employing GSM, UMTS, CDMA2000, WiMAX, E-UTRA, or WiFi radio technology.

[0017] The CN 106 may also serve as a gateway for the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c, 102d to access the PSTN 108, the Internet 110, and / or other networks 112. The PSTN 108 may include a circuit-switched telephone network providing plain old telephone service (POTS). The Internet 110 may include a global system of interconnected computer networks and devices that use common communication protocols, such as the transmission control protocol (TCP), the user datagram protocol (UDP), and / or the internet protocol (IP) of the TCP / IP Internet protocol suite. The networks 112 may include wired and / or wireless communication networks owned and / or operated by other service providers. For example, the networks 112 may include another CN connected to one or more RANs that may use the same RAT as the RAN 104 or a different RAT.

[0018] Some or all of the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c, 102d in the communications system 100 may include multi-mode capabilities (e.g., the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c, 102d may include multiple transceivers for communicating with different wireless networks over different wireless links). For example, the WTRU 102c shown in FIG. 1A may be configured to communicate with a base station 114a, which may employ a cellular-based wireless technology, and a base station 114b, which may employ an IEEE 802 wireless technology.

[0019] 1B is a system diagram illustrating an example WTRU 102. As shown in FIG. 1B, the WTRU 102 may include, among other things, a processor 118, a transceiver 120, a transmit / receive element 122, a speaker / microphone 124, a keypad 126, a display / touchpad 128, non-removable memory 130, removable memory 132, a power source 134, a global positioning system (GPS) chipset 136, and / or other peripherals 138. It will be understood that the WTRU 102 may include any sub-combination of the foregoing elements while remaining consistent with an embodiment.

[0020] The processor 118 may be a general purpose processor, a special purpose processor, a conventional processor, a digital signal processor (DSP), multiple microprocessors, one or more microprocessors associated with a DSP core, a controller, a microcontroller, an Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC), a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA), any other type of integrated circuit (IC), a state machine, etc. The processor 118 may perform signal coding, data processing, power control, input / output processing, and / or any other functionality that enables the WTRU 102 to operate in a wireless environment. The processor 118 may be coupled to the transceiver 120, which may be coupled to the transmit / receive element 122. Although FIG. 1B depicts the processor 118 and the transceiver 120 as separate components, it will be understood that the processor 118 and the transceiver 120 may be integrated together in an electronic package or chip.

[0021] The transmit / receive element 122 may be configured to transmit or receive signals to or from a base station (e.g., base station 114a) over the air interface 116. For example, in one embodiment, the transmit / receive element 122 may be an antenna configured to transmit and / or receive RF signals. In one embodiment, the transmit / receive element 122 may be an emitter / detector configured to transmit and / or receive, for example, IR, UV, or visible light signals. In yet another embodiment, the transmit / receive element 122 may be configured to transmit and / or receive both RF and light signals. It will be appreciated that the transmit / receive element 122 may be configured to transmit and / or receive any combination of wireless signals.

[0022] 1B as a single element, the WTRU 102 may include any number of transmit / receive elements 122. More specifically, the WTRU 102 may employ MIMO technology. Thus, in one embodiment, the WTRU 102 may include two or more transmit / receive elements 122 (e.g., multiple antennas) for transmitting and receiving wireless signals over the air interface 116.

[0023] The transceiver 120 may be configured to modulate signals transmitted by the transmit / receive element 122 and demodulate signals received by the transmit / receive element 122. As mentioned above, the WTRU 102 may have multi-mode capabilities. Thus, the transceiver 120 may include multiple transceivers to enable the WTRU 102 to communicate via multiple RATs, such as, for example, NR and IEEE 802.11.

[0024] The processor 118 of the WTRU 102 may be coupled to and may receive user-entered data from a speaker / microphone 124, a keypad 126, and / or a display / touchpad 128 (e.g., a liquid crystal display (LCD) display unit or an organic light-emitting diode (OLED) display unit). The processor 118 may also output user data to the speaker / microphone 124, the keypad 126, and / or the display / touchpad 128. In addition, the processor 118 may access information from and store data in any type of suitable memory, such as non-removable memory 130 and / or removable memory 132. The non-removable memory 130 may include random-access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), a hard disk, or any other type of memory storage device. The removable memory 132 may include a subscriber identity module (SIM) card, a memory stick, a secure digital (SD) memory card, etc. In other embodiments, the processor 118 may access information from and store data in memory that is not physically located on the WTRU 102, such as on a server or a home computer (not shown).

[0025] The processor 118 may receive power from the power source 134 and may be configured to distribute and / or control the power to other components in the WTRU 102. The power source 134 may be any suitable device for providing power to the WTRU 102. For example, the power source 134 may include one or more dry batteries (e.g., nickel-cadmium (NiCd), nickel-zinc (NiZn), nickel metal hydride (NiMH), lithium-ion (Li-ion), etc.), solar cells, fuel cells, etc.

[0026] The processor 118 may also be coupled to a GPS chipset 136, which may be configured to provide location information (e.g., longitude and latitude) regarding the current location of the WTRU 102. In addition to, or in lieu of, information from the GPS chipset 136, the WTRU 102 may receive location information from base stations (e.g., base stations 114a, 114b) over the air interface 116 and / or determine its location based on the timing of signals being received from two or more nearby base stations. It will be appreciated that the WTRU 102 may obtain location information by way of any suitable location determination method while remaining consistent with an embodiment.

[0027] The processor 118 may further be coupled to other peripherals 138, which may include one or more software and / or hardware modules that provide additional features, functionality, and / or wired or wireless connectivity. For example, the peripherals 138 may include an accelerometer, an electronic compass, a satellite transceiver, a digital camera (for photos and / or videos), a universal serial bus (USB) port, a vibration device, a television transceiver, a hands-free headset, a Bluetooth® module, a frequency modulated (FM) radio unit, a digital music player, a media player, a video game player module, an Internet browser, a virtual reality and / or augmented reality (VR / AR) device, an activity tracker, and the like. The peripherals 138 may include one or more sensors. The sensor may be one or more of a gyroscope, an accelerometer, a Hall effect sensor, a magnetometer, an orientation sensor, a proximity sensor, a temperature sensor, a time sensor, a geolocation sensor, an altimeter, a light sensor, a touch sensor, a magnetometer, a barometer, a gesture sensor, a biometric sensor, a humidity sensor, and the like.

[0028] The WTRU 102 may include a full-duplex radio where transmission and reception of some or all of the signals (e.g., associated with a particular subframe of both the UL (e.g., for transmission) and DL (e.g., for reception)) may be simultaneous and / or together. The full-duplex radio may include an interference management unit to reduce and or substantially eliminate self-interference via either hardware (e.g., a choke) or signal processing via a processor (e.g., via a separate processor (not shown) or via processor 118). In one embodiment, the WTRU 102 may include a half-duplex radio where transmission and reception of some or all of the signals (e.g., associated with a particular subframe of either the UL (e.g., for transmission) or DL ​​(e.g., for reception)) may be simultaneous and / or together.

[0029] 1C is a system diagram illustrating the RAN 104 and the CN 106, according to one embodiment. As mentioned above, the RAN 104 may employ E-UTRA radio technology to communicate with the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c over the air interface 116. The RAN 104 may also communicate with the CN 106.

[0030] The RAN 104 may include eNodeBs 160a, 160b, 160c, although it will be understood that the RAN 104 may include any number of eNodeBs while remaining consistent with an embodiment. The eNodeBs 160a, 160b, 160c may each include one or more transceivers for communicating with the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c over the air interface 116. In an embodiment, the eNodeBs 160a, 160b, 160c may implement MIMO technology. Thus, the eNodeB 160a may, for example, use multiple antennas to transmit wireless signals to and / or receive wireless signals from the WTRU 102a.

[0031] Each of the eNodeBs 160a, 160b, 160c may be associated with a particular cell (not shown) and may be configured to handle radio resource management decisions, handover decisions, scheduling of users in the UL and / or DL, etc. As shown in FIG 1C, the eNodeBs 160a, 160b, 160c may communicate with one another via an X2 interface.

[0032] 1C may include a mobility management entity (MME) 162, a serving gateway (SGW) 164, and a packet data network (PDN) gateway (PGW) 166. Although the foregoing elements are depicted as part of the CN 106, it will be understood that any of these elements may be owned and / or operated by an entity other than the CN operator.

[0033] The MME 162 may be connected to each of the eNodeBs 162a, 162b, 162c in the RAN 104 via an S1 interface and may function as a control node. For example, the MME 162 may be responsible for authenticating users of the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c, activating / deactivating bearers, selecting a particular serving gateway during initial attachment of the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c, etc. The MME 162 may provide a control plane function for switching between the RAN 104 and other RANs (not shown) that employ other radio technologies, such as GSM and / or WCDMA.

[0034] The SGW 164 may be connected to each of the eNodeBs 160a, 160b, 160c in the RAN 104 via an S1 interface. The SGW 164 may generally route and forward user data packets to and from the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c. The SGW 164 may perform other functions, such as anchoring the user plane during inter-eNodeB handover, triggering paging when DL data is available to the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c, and managing and storing the context of the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c.

[0035] The SGW 164 may be connected to a PGW 166, which may provide the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c with access to packet-switched networks, such as the Internet 110, to facilitate communications between the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c and IP-enabled devices.

[0036] The CN 106 may facilitate communications with other networks. For example, the CN 106 may provide the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c with access to circuit-switched networks, such as the PSTN 108, to facilitate communications between the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c and traditional land-line communications devices. For example, the CN 106 may include or communicate with an IP gateway (e.g., an IP multimedia subsystem (IMS) server) that serves as an interface between the CN 106 and the PSTN 108. In addition, the CN 106 may provide the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c with access to other networks 112, which may include other wired and / or wireless networks owned and / or operated by other service providers.

[0037] Although the WTRU is illustrated in FIGS. 1A-1D as a wireless terminal, it is contemplated that in certain representative embodiments such a terminal may use a wired communications interface (e.g., temporarily or permanently) with the communications network.

[0038] In an exemplary embodiment, the other network 112 may be a WLAN.

[0039] A WLAN in infrastructure basic service set (BSS) mode may have an access point (AP) of the BSS and one or more stations (STAs) associated with the AP. The AP may have access or interface to a distribution system (DS) or another type of wired / wireless network that carries traffic within the BSS and / or outside the BSS. Traffic originating outside the BSS to a STA may arrive through the AP and be sent to the STA. Traffic originating from a STA destined for a destination outside the BSS may be sent to the AP to be sent to the respective destination. Traffic between STAs in a BSS may be sent, for example, through the AP, where the source STA may send traffic to the AP, and the AP may send traffic to the destination STA. Traffic between STAs in a BSS may be considered and / or referred to as peer-to-peer traffic. Peer-to-peer traffic may be sent between (e.g., directly between) a source STA and a destination STA using a direct link setup (DLS). In certain representative embodiments, the DLS may use 802.11e DLS or 802.11z tunneled DLS (TDLS). A WLAN using an Independent BSS (IBSS) mode may not have an AP, and STAs (e.g., all of the STAs) within or using the IBSS may communicate directly with each other. The IBSS mode of communication may sometimes be referred to herein as an "ad-hoc" communication mode.

[0040] When using an 802.11ac infrastructure mode of operation or a similar mode of operation, an AP may transmit a beacon on a fixed channel, such as a primary channel. The primary channel may be a fixed width (e.g., a 20 MHz wide bandwidth) or a dynamically configured width. The primary channel may be the operating channel of the BSS, but may be used by STAs to establish a connection with the AP. In certain representative embodiments, Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Avoidance (CSMA / CA) may be implemented, for example, in an 802.11 system. With CSMA / CA, STAs (e.g., all STAs), including the AP, may sense the primary channel. If the primary channel is sensed / detected and / or determined to be busy by a particular STA, the particular STA may back off. One STA (e.g., only one station) may transmit at any given time in a given BSS.

[0041] A High Throughput (HT) STA may use a 40 MHz wide channel for communication, which may be formed, for example, through a combination of a primary 20 MHz channel and adjacent or non-adjacent 20 MHz channels.

[0042] A Very High Throughput (VHT) STA may support 20 MHz, 40 MHz, 80 MHz, and / or 160 MHz wide channels. A 40 MHz and / or 80 MHz channel may be formed by combining multiple adjacent 20 MHz channels. A 160 MHz channel may be formed by combining eight consecutive 20 MHz channels or by combining two non-adjacent 80 MHz channels, which may be referred to as an 80+80 configuration. For the 80+80 configuration, after channel encoding, the data may pass through a segment parser that may split the data into two streams. Inverse Fast Fourier Transform (IFFT) processing and time domain processing may be performed separately on each stream. The streams may be mapped to two 80 MHz channels and the data may be transmitted by the transmitting STA. At the receiver of the receiving STA, the operations described above for the 80+80 configuration may be reversed and the combined data may be sent to the Medium Access Control (MAC).

[0043] Sub-1 GHz operation modes are supported by 802.11af and 802.11ah. The channel operating bandwidths and carriers are reduced in 802.11af and 802.11ah compared to those used in 802.11n and 802.11ac. 802.11af supports 5 MHz, 10 MHz, and 20 MHz bandwidths in the TV White Space (TVWS) spectrum, and 802.11ah supports 1 MHz, 2 MHz, 4 MHz, 8 MHz, and 16 MHz bandwidths using non-TVWS spectrum. According to a representative embodiment, 802.11ah may support meter-type control / machine-type communications (MTC), such as MTC devices in macro coverage areas. MTC devices may have limited capabilities, including certain capabilities, such as support for certain and / or limited bandwidths (e.g., only supporting these). The MTC device may include a battery that has a battery life above a threshold (eg, to maintain a very long battery life).

[0044] WLAN systems that may support multiple channels and channel bandwidths, such as 802.11n, 802.11ac, 802.11af, and 802.11ah, include a channel that may be designated as a primary channel. The primary channel may have a bandwidth equal to the maximum common operating bandwidth supported by all STAs in the BSS. The bandwidth of the primary channel may be configured and / or limited by the STAs among all STAs operating in the BSS that support the smallest bandwidth operating mode. In an 802.11ah embodiment, the primary channel may be 1 MHz wide for STAs (e.g., MTC-type devices) that support (e.g., only) the 1 MHz mode, even if the AP and other STAs in the BSS support 2 MHz, 4 MHz, 8 MHz, 16 MHz, and / or other channel bandwidth operating modes. Carrier sensing and / or Network Allocation Vector (NAV) configuration may depend on the status of the primary channel. For example, if a STA (that only supports 1 MHz mode of operation) transmitting to an AP has a busy primary channel, all of the available frequency bands may be considered busy even if most of the available frequency bands are idle.

[0045] In the United States, the available frequency bands that can be used by 802.11ah are 902MHz to 928MHz. In South Korea, the available frequency bands are 917.5MHz to 923.5MHz. In Japan, the available frequency bands are 916.5MHz to 927.5MHz. The total bandwidth available for 802.11ah is 6MHz to 26MHz depending on the country code.

[0046] 1D is a system diagram illustrating the RAN 104 and the CN 106, according to one embodiment. As mentioned above, the RAN 104 may employ NR radio technology to communicate with the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c over the air interface 116. The RAN 104 may also communicate with the CN 106.

[0047] The RAN 104 may include gNBs 180a, 180b, 180c, although it will be understood that the RAN 104 may include any number of gNBs while remaining consistent with an embodiment. The gNBs 180a, 180b, 180c may each include one or more transceivers for communicating with the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c over the air interface 116. In an embodiment, the gNBs 180a, 180b, 180c may implement MIMO technology. For example, the gNBs 180a, 108b may utilize beamforming to transmit signals to and / or receive signals from the gNBs 180a, 180b, 180c. Thus, the gNB 180a may transmit and / or receive wireless signals to and from the WTRU 102a, for example, using multiple antennas. In one embodiment, the gNBs 180a, 180b, 180c may implement carrier aggregation technology. For example, the gNB 180a may transmit multiple component carriers to the WTRU 102a (not shown). A subset of these component carriers may be on an unlicensed spectrum, while the remaining component carriers may be on a licensed spectrum. In one embodiment, the gNBs 180a, 180b, 180c may implement Coordinated Multi-Point (CoMP) technology. For example, the WTRU 102a may receive coordinated transmissions from the gNBs 180a and 180b (and / or gNB 180c).

[0048] The WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c may communicate with the gNBs 180a, 180b, 180c using transmissions associated with scalable numerology. For example, the OFDM symbol spacing and / or OFDM subcarrier spacing may vary for different transmissions, different cells, and / or different portions of the wireless transmission spectrum. The WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c may communicate with the gNBs 180a, 180b, 180c using subframes or transmission time intervals (TTIs) of varying or scalable lengths (e.g., including varying numbers of OFDM symbols and / or varying lengths of absolute time durations).

[0049] The gNBs 180a, 180b, 180c may be configured to communicate with the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c in a standalone configuration and / or a non-standalone configuration. In a standalone configuration, the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c may communicate with the gNBs 180a, 180b, 180c without accessing another RAN (e.g., eNodeBs 160a, 160b, 160c, etc.). In a standalone configuration, the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c may utilize one or more of the gNBs 180a, 180b, 180c as mobility anchor points. In a standalone configuration, the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c may communicate with the gNBs 180a, 180b, 180c using signals in unlicensed bands. In a non-standalone configuration, the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c may communicate with and connect to a gNB 180a, 180b, 180c while also communicating with and connecting to another RAN, such as an eNodeB 160a, 160b, 160c. For example, the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c may implement DC principles to communicate with one or more gNBs 180a, 180b, 180c and one or more eNodeBs 160a, 160b, 160c substantially simultaneously. In a non-standalone configuration, the eNodeBs 160a, 160b, 160c may act as mobility anchors for the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c, and the gNBs 180a, 180b, 180c may provide additional coverage and / or throughput for serving the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c.

[0050] Each of the gNBs 180a, 180b, 180c may be associated with a particular cell (not shown) and may be configured to handle radio resource management decisions, handover decisions, scheduling of users in the UL and / or DL, support for network slicing, DC, interaction between NR and E-UTRA, routing of user plane data to User Plane Functions (UPFs) 184a, 184b, routing of control plane information to Access and Mobility Management Functions (AMFs) 182a, 182b, etc. As shown in FIG. 1D, the gNBs 180a, 180b, 180c may communicate with each other via an Xn interface.

[0051] 1D may include at least one AMF 182a, 182b, at least one UPF 184a, 184b, at least one Session Management Function (SMF) 183a, 183b, and possibly a Data Network (DN) 185a, 185b. Although the foregoing elements are depicted as part of the CN 106, it will be understood that any of these elements may be owned and / or operated by an entity other than the CN operator.

[0052] The AMF 182a, 182b may be connected to one or more of the gNBs 180a, 180b, 180c in the RAN 104 via an N2 interface and may function as a control node. For example, the AMF 182a, 182b may be responsible for user authentication of the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c, support for network slicing (e.g., handling different protocol data unit (PDU) sessions having different requirements), selection of a particular SMF 183a, 183b, management of registration areas, termination of non-access stratum (NAS) signaling, mobility management, etc. The network slicing may be used by the AMF 182a, 182b to customize the CN support of the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c based on the type of service utilizing the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c. For example, different network slices may be established for different use cases, such as services relying on ultra-reliable low latency (URLLC) access, services relying on enhanced massive mobile broadband (eMBB) access, services for MTC access, etc. The AMF 182a, 182b may provide a control plane function for switching between the RAN 104 and other RANs (not shown) that employ other radio technologies, such as LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A Pro, and / or non-3GPP access technologies, such as WiFi.

[0053] The SMFs 183a, 183b may be connected to the AMFs 182a, 182b in the CN 106 via an N11 interface. The SMFs 183a, 183b may also be connected to the UPFs 184a, 184b in the CN 106 via an N4 interface. The SMFs 183a, 183b may select and control the UPFs 184a, 184b and configure the routing of traffic through the UPFs 184a, 184b. The SMFs 183a, 183b may perform other functions such as managing and assigning UE IP addresses, managing PDU sessions, controlling policy enforcement and QoS, providing DL data notification, etc. The PDU session types may be IP-based, non-IP-based, Ethernet-based, etc.

[0054] The UPFs 184a, 184b may be connected to one or more of the gNBs 180a, 180b, 180c in the RAN 104 via an N3 interface, which may provide the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c with access to packet-switched networks, such as the Internet 110, to facilitate communications between the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c and IP-enabled devices. The UPFs 184, 184b may perform other functions, such as routing and forwarding packets, enforcing user plane policy, supporting multi-homed PDU sessions, handling user plane QoS, buffering DL packets, providing mobility anchoring, etc.

[0055] The CN 106 may facilitate communication with other networks. For example, the CN 106 may include or communicate with an IP gateway (e.g., an IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS) server) that serves as an interface between the CN 106 and the PSTN 108. In addition, the CN 106 may provide the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c with access to other networks 112, which may include other wired and / or wireless networks owned and / or operated by other service providers. In one embodiment, the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c may be connected to the local DNs 185a, 185b through the UPFs 184a, 184b via an N3 interface to the UPFs 184a, 184b and an N6 interface between the UPFs 184a, 184b and the DNs 185a, 185b.

[0056] 1A-1D and the corresponding description thereof, one or more or all of the functions described herein with respect to one or more of the WTRUs 102a-102d, base stations 114a-114b, eNodeBs 160a-160c, MME 162, SGW 164, PGW 166, gNBs 180a-180c, AMFs 182a-182b, UPFs 184a-184b, SMFs 183a-183b, DNs 185a-185b, and / or any other devices described herein may be performed by one or more emulation devices (not shown). The emulation devices may be one or more devices configured to emulate one or more or all of the functions described herein. For example, the emulation devices may be used to test other devices and / or to simulate network and / or WTRU functions.

[0057] The emulation device may be designed to implement one or more tests of other devices in a lab environment and / or an operator network environment. For example, one or more emulation devices may perform one or more or all functions while fully or partially implemented and / or deployed as part of a wired and / or wireless communication network to test other devices in the communication network. One or more emulation devices may perform one or more or all functions while temporarily implemented / deployed as part of a wired and / or wireless communication network. The emulation device may be directly coupled to another device for the purpose of testing and / or performing tests using over-the-air wireless communication.

[0058] The one or more emulation devices may perform one or more functions, inclusive, while not being implemented / deployed as part of a wired and / or wireless communication network. For example, the emulation devices may be utilized in test scenarios in a test lab and / or in an undeployed (e.g., test) wired and / or wireless communication network to implement testing of one or more components. The one or more emulation devices may be test equipment. Direct RF coupling and / or wireless communication via RF circuitry (which may include, for example, one or more antennas) may be used by the emulation devices to transmit and / or receive data.

[0059] Embodiments for non-co-channel coexistence of NR SL and LTE SL operation are described herein.

[0060] In NR, given the half-duplex constraint and the inability to coordinate between LTE SL and NR SL operations, from the perspective of the WTRU, coexistence between LTE SL and NR SL operations may be implemented. As a result, for NR V2X, in-device coexistence SL techniques may be developed for "non-co-channel" scenarios where NR SL and LTE SL coexist on different channels, e.g., adjacent channels or channels sufficiently distant from each other.

[0061] Examples in R16 NR V2X may include, but are not limited to, short-term time-division multiplexing (TDM), long-term TDM, and frequency division multiplexing (FDM).

[0062] For long term TDM, LTE SL and NR SL may be (pre-)configured with dedicated resources, e.g., resource pools.

[0063] For short-term TDM, the WTRU may dynamically decide whether to operate LTE SL or NR SL based on available priority information a time period (T) before the earliest transmission. The time period (T) may be specified, such as less than 4 ms, and how this priority information is made available to both LTE SL and NR SL radio access may be specified as a WTRU implementation.

[0064] For FDM, the WTRU may perform dynamic power sharing between LTE and NR intra-band and inter-band SLs.

[0065] In SL evolution (SLE), co-channel coexistence may enable LTE and NR spectrum sharing and maximum deployment flexibility.

[0066] Overlapping intra-device NR SL transmission / reception and LTE SL transmission / reception are described herein.

[0067] In a co-channel deployment, the WTRU may be (pre-)configured with overlapping time and frequency resources for NR and LTE operation. From an in-device coexistence perspective, interference between LTE SL and NR SL radio accesses in the WTRU may overlap and be more severe than in a "non-co-channel" scenario. Short-term TDM methods may be reused, but more packets will be dropped when both "non-co-channel" and "co-channel" operations are supported. In addition, prioritization techniques rely on prior knowledge, e.g., reserved LTE or NR reception, but with aperiodic transmissions supported by NR SL, the WTRU does not have this information and when the WTRU has an LTE SL transmission to perform, the WTRU does not perform any prioritization and misses any NR SL aperiodic receptions in a slot.

[0068] Collisions between NR SL and LTE SL transmissions are described herein.

[0069] In a "non-co-channel" deployment, the case of in-device interference of LTE SL RX and NR SL RX may not be considered since the reception resources do not overlap and the WTRU can simultaneously receive two such transmissions without performing short TDM prioritization. This may not apply to the "co-channel" scenario, where two overlapping LTE and NR transmissions interfere with each other when they arrive at one WTRU and the WTRU can receive only one of them or neither of them depending on the relative reception levels. This collision between NR SL and LTE SL transmissions may need to be resolved in the NR SL.

[0070] Embodiments for NR mode 2 resource selection using LTE V2X resource reservation information are described herein.

[0071] Embodiments for the determination by a WTRU of resources reserved by LTE V2X operation in an NR SL resource pool and an LTE SL resource pool are described herein.

[0072] The WTRU may be (pre)configured with a set of LTE SL and NR SL resource pools. The WTRU may be (pre)configured with one or more resources for LTE SL synchronization signal transmission and reception. The LTE SL synchronization signal may include a Primary Sidelink Synchronization Signal (PSSS) and a Secondary Sidelink Synchronization Signal (SSSS). The WTRU may determine a set of LTE SL logical subframes for the resource pool and index the logical subframes in ascending order with the SFN cycle. The (pre)configured logical subframes for PSSS / SSSS may not be included in the LTE SL resource pool. In the frequency domain, the WTRU may be (pre)configured with several subchannels for the resource pool, each of which may include a (pre)configured number of RBs. The WTRU may perform resource selection and transmission of the LTE PSSCH within one logical subframe (1 ms) via one or more such subchannels. Such LTE PSSCH resources may be referred to as single-subframe LTE SL resources.

[0073] Embodiments for an NR SL resource pool are described herein.

[0074] The WTRU may determine a set of NR logical slots for the resource pool and index the logical slots in ascending order within the SFN cycle. In the frequency domain, the WTRU may be (pre-)configured with several subchannels for the resource pool, and each subchannel may include a (pre-)configured number of RBs. The WTRU may perform resource selection and transmission of the NR PSSCH within one logical slot via one or more such subchannels. The duration of one logical slot may depend on the subcarrier spacing (SCS) of the NR SL BWP and may be 2 -u where numerology index (u)=0, 1, and 2 for SCSs of 15 kHz, 30 kHz, and 60 kHz, respectively. Such NR PSSCH resources may be referred to as single-slot NR SL resources.

[0075] Embodiments for WTRU determination of overlap mapping between NR SL resource pools and LTE SL resource pools are described herein.

[0076] The WTRU may determine one or more LTE SL resource pools that overlap in time and / or frequency with the NR SL resource pool based on the resource pool (pre-)configuration. For each overlapping LTE SL resource pool, the WTRU may determine a mapping between the overlapping resources, e.g., between an index of an LTE SL subframe and one or more indexes of an NR SL slot, and between an index of an LTE SL subchannel and one or more indexes of an NR SL subchannel. Such a mapping determination may be based on one or more of the following: (1) the (pre-)configured numerology for the LTE SL resource pool and the NR SL resource pool, (2) the physical subframes corresponding to the LTE SL logical subframes and the physical slots corresponding to the NR SL logical slots, and (3) the starting RB, the number of RBs per subchannel, and the number of (pre-)configured subchannels for the LTE SL resource pool and the NR SL resource pool.

[0077] The WTRU may determine an overlap between an LTE SL logical subframe and an NR SL logical slot when corresponding physical subframes and slots overlap in time. The WTRU may determine a mapping between an index of an LTE SL subframe and an index of an NR SL slot that overlaps with an LTE SL subframe. The WTRU may map one or more NR SL slot indices to an LTE SL subframe index when the numerology of the NR SL resource pool and the LTE SL resource pool may differ. Note that LTE SL may support 15 kHz, and NR SL may support multiple subcarrier spacings (SCSs), including 15 kHz, 30 kHz, and 60 kHz. The WTRU may determine the number of NR SL logical slots in the NR SL resource pool that may overlap with an LTE SL logical subframe in the LTE SL resource pool.

[0078] In the frequency domain, the WTRU may determine a mapping between the indices of the LTE SL subchannels and the indices of the overlapping SL subchannels. Since the starting RB, the number of RBs per subchannel, and the number of (pre-)configured subchannels for the LTE SL and NR SL resource pools may differ, one LTE SL subchannel index may map to one or more NR SL subchannels, or vice versa.

[0079] In a (pre-)configured NR SL resource pool, the WTRU may determine a set of NR SL resources that may overlap in time and frequency with LTE SL resources in one or more (pre-)configured LTE SL resource pools. NR SL resources may include NR SL slots and NR SL subchannels. LTE SL resources may include LTE SL subframes and LTE SL subchannels.

[0080] When the SCS of both the NR SL resource and the LTE SL resource is 15 kHz, the duration of the NR SL slot and the LTE SL subframe may be the same. When the SCS of the NR SL resource is greater than 15 kHz (e.g., 30 kHz and 60 kHz), the duration of the NR SL slot may be a fraction of an LTE SL subframe. In the frequency domain, depending on the number of (pre-)configured RBs for the LTE SL resource pool and the subchannels in the NR SL resource pool, an NR SL subchannel may overlap with one or more LTE SL subchannels.

[0081] Thus, an NR SL resource may overlap with one or more LTE SL resources, or vice versa, depending on the SCS and subchannel (pre)configuration. i,j , where i is an NR SL logical slot index and j is an NR SL subchannel index, may overlap with one or more LTE SL resources (i.e., may be an NR SL overlapping resource) when both of the following conditions are met: NR SL slot i overlaps with one or more LTE subframes, and NR subchannel j overlaps with one or more LTE subchannels.

[0082] The WTRU may determine a set of such overlapping resources in the NR SL resource pool, which may also be referred to as an overlapping resource set. The WTRU may determine the remaining NR SL resources in the NR SL resource pool as non-overlapping resources in the NR SL resource pool.

[0083] The WTRU may determine availability of overlapping resource sets in an NR SL resource pool for NR SL PSSCH / PSCCH transmissions for an NR SL application. For example, the WTRU may determine whether an overlapping resource set in an NR SL resource pool may be available for NR SL PSSCH / PSCCH transmission for an NR SL application based on one or more of the following: a number of NR SL resources in an overlapping resource set in an NR SL resource pool, a QoS requirement of the NR SL application (e.g., a priority of an SL TB associated with the NR SL application), a CBR and / or RSSI measurement of the NR SL resource pool, a CBR and / or RSSI measurement of an LTE SL resource pool that overlaps with the NR SL resource pool, a CBR and / or RSSI measurement of overlapping resources in the NR SL resource pool, a CBR and / or RSSI measurement of non-overlapping resources in the NR SL resource pool, an LTE SL sensing result of the overlapping LTE SL resource pool, and / or LTE SCI decoding information.

[0084] The WTRU may measure the SL RSSI of a subchannel as the linear average of the total received power measured over the OFDM symbols (excluding the first AGC symbol) in an NR SL slot or LTE subframe. Thus, the SL RSSI may indicate the analog energy level in the subchannel.

[0085] Embodiments for CBR and / or RSSI measurements of an NR SL resource pool are described herein. The WTRU may perform an NR SL resource pool CBR measurement specific to the NR SL resource pool in NR SL slot(n). The WTRU may calculate a CBR value for the NR SL resource pool within the CBR measurement window as the ratio of subchannels in the NR SL resource pool for which the measured SL RSSI of the NR SL resource pool may exceed a (pre-)configured threshold to the total number of (pre-)configured subchannels in the NR SL resource pool. The CBR measurement window may be (pre-)configured to start at slot(na) and end at slot(n-1), where a may be (pre-)configured, e.g., 100 NR SL slots.

[0086] The WTRU may perform an NR SL resource pool RSSI measurement specific to the NR SL resource pool in NR SL slot(n). The WTRU may calculate an NR SL resource pool RSSI value within the RSSI measurement window as an average and / or filtered RSSI value across all (pre-)configured subchannels in the resource pool. The WTRU may be (pre-)configured with filtering coefficients for RSSI filtering within the RSSI measurement window. The RSSI measurement window may be (pre-)configured to start at slot(na) and end at slot(n-1), where a may be (pre-)configured, e.g., 100 NR SL slots.

[0087] CBR and RSSI measurements of the NR resource pool indicate the utilization level of the NR resource pool. Larger CBR and RSSI values ​​may indicate a higher level of resource usage by NR SL transmissions and potentially LTE SL transmissions over the overlapped resources. The measurements do not indicate the level of LTE SL and / or NR SL transmission activity specific to the overlapped resources.

[0088] Embodiments related to CBR and / or RSSI measurements of an LTE SL resource pool that overlaps with an NR SL resource pool are described herein. The WTRU may perform an LTE SL resource pool CBR measurement specific to the LTE SL resource pool in NR SL slot(n). The WTRU may calculate a CBR value for the LTE SL resource pool within a CBR measurement window as the ratio of subchannels in the LTE SL resource pool for which the measured SL RSSI of the LTE SL resource pool may exceed a (pre-)configured threshold to the total number of (pre-)configured subchannels in the LTE SL resource pool. The CBR measurement window may include a (pre-)configured number of LTE subframes. The applied sub-channels and subframes may be (pre-)configured for the LTE SL resource pool.

[0089] The WTRU may perform LTE SL resource pool RSSI measurements specific to the LTE SL resource pool in NR SL slot(n). The WTRU may calculate an LTE SL resource pool RSSI value within an RSSI measurement window as an average and / or filtered RSSI value over all (pre-)configured sub-channels in the resource pool. The WTRU may be (pre-)configured with filtering coefficients for RSSI filtering within the RSSI measurement window. The RSSI measurement window may include a (pre-)configured number of LTE subframes. The applied sub-channels and subframes may be (pre-)configured for the LTE SL resource pool.

[0090] CBR and RSSI measurements of an LTE resource pool that overlaps with an NR resource pool may provide information about the level of utilization of the LTE SL resource pool. Larger CBR and RSSI values ​​may indicate a higher level of resource usage by LTE SL transmissions and potentially NR SL transmissions over the overlapped resources. The measurements do not indicate the level of LTE SL and / or NR SL transmission activity specific to the overlapped resources.

[0091] Embodiments for a WTRU to perform CBR and / or RSSI measurements of overlapping resources in an NR SL resource pool are described herein. For example, the WTRU may perform overlapping resource CBR measurements specific to a determined overlapping resource set in an NR SL resource pool in NR SL slot(n). The WTRU may calculate a CBR value for the overlapping resources within a CBR measurement window as a ratio of sub-channels in the overlapping resource set for which the measured SL RSSI of the overlapping resource set may exceed a (pre-)configured threshold to the total number of sub-channels in the overlapping resource set. In one embodiment, the RSSI measurement window may include a (pre-)configured number of LTE subframes. The applied sub-channels and subframes may be (pre-)configured for the LTE SL resource pool.

[0092] The WTRU may perform overlapping resource RSSI measurements specific to the determined overlapping resource set in the NR SL resource pool in NR SL slot(n). The WTRU may calculate RSSI values ​​of the overlapping resources within the RSSI measurement window as average and / or filtered RSSI values ​​over all subchannels in the overlapping resource set. The WTRU may be (pre-)configured with filtering coefficients for RSSI filtering within the RSSI measurement window. The RSSI measurement window may include a (pre-)configured number of LTE subframes. The applied sub-channels and subframes may be (pre-)configured for the LTE SL resource pool.

[0093] CBR and RSSI measurements of overlapping resources in an NR resource pool provide information about the utilization level specific to the overlapping NR SL resources: larger CBR and RSSI values ​​may indicate a higher level of utilization of the resources by LTE SL and / or NR SL transmissions.

[0094] Embodiments related to a WTRU performing CBR and / or RSSI measurements of non-overlapping resources in an NR SL resource pool are described herein. For example, a WTRU may perform NR SL non-overlapping resource CBR measurements specific to the NR SL non-overlapping resources in an NR SL resource pool in NR SL slot(n). The WTRU may calculate a CBR value for the NR SL non-overlapping resources within a CBR measurement window as the ratio of subchannels of the NR SL non-overlapping resources for which the measured SL RSSI of the NR SL non-overlapping resources may exceed a (pre-)configured threshold to the total number of subchannels of the non-overlapping resources. The CBR measurement window may be (pre-)configured to start at slot(na) and end at slot(n-1), where a may be (pre-)configured, e.g., 100 NR SL slots.

[0095] The WTRU may perform NR SL non-overlapping resource RSSI measurements specific to the NR SL non-overlapping resources in the NR SL resource pool in NR SL slot(n). The WTRU may calculate an NR SL resource pool RSSI value within the RSSI measurement window as an average and / or filtered RSSI value across all (pre-)configured subchannels in the resource pool. The WTRU may be (pre-)configured with filtering coefficients for RSSI filtering within the RSSI measurement window. The RSSI measurement window may be (pre-)configured to start at slot(na) and end at slot(n-1), where a may be (pre-)configured, e.g., 100 NR SL slots.

[0096] In one example, CBR and RSSI measurements of non-overlapping resources in an NR resource pool indicate a level of activity (i.e., utilization by NR SL transmissions of these unique resources in the NR resource pool). Larger CBR and RSSI values ​​may indicate a higher level of use of these resources by NR SL transmissions.

[0097] Described herein are embodiments relating to a WTRU performing CBR and / or RSSI measurements and resource reservation information based on LTE sensing associated with non-overlapping resources in an NR SL resource pool.

[0098] In one embodiment, when the WTRU performs such an evaluation in NR SL slot (n), the WTRU may derive, based on an LTE resource selection procedure (i.e., sensing) performed within an LTE SL resource pool in LTE SL subframe (m): (1) a CBR measurement within a (pre-)configured window between LTE SL subframes (m-1) and (ma), where a may be (pre-)configured; (2) an RSSI measurement within a (pre-)configured window between LTE SL subframes (m-1) and (ma), where a may be (pre-)configured; (3) an RSRP measurement within a (pre-)configured window between LTE SL subframes (m-1) and (ma), where a may be (pre-)configured; (4) a set of available LTE SL resources (e.g., set A); and / or (5) a set of excluded unavailable resources that are not available (i.e., reserved for LTE SL transmissions).

[0099] Such an LTE SL sensing procedure may be triggered by an evaluation of overlapping resources in an NR SL resource pool. In one example, the WTRU may apply results from LTE SL sensing performed within a period prior to the evaluation (e.g., when the WTRU performs an evaluation in NR SL slot(n), the time period between LTE SL subframe(m) and NR slot(n) may be less than a (pre-)configured threshold). This ensures that the LTE sensing results are up-to-date.

[0100] An embodiment is described herein for a WTRU to perform a determination of availability of NR SL overlapping resources for NR SL transmissions based on CBR and / or RSSI measurements. In one embodiment, the WTRU may determine not to apply overlapping resources in an NR SL resource pool (i.e., disable use of overlapping resources) for NR PSSCH / PSCCH transmissions for NR SL applications when one or more of the following conditions may be met. For example, the WTRU may determine not to apply overlapping resources in an NR SL resource pool on condition that the number of NR SL resources in an NR SL overlapping resource set in the NR SL resource pool may be less than a (pre-)configured threshold. In one example, the threshold may be indicated as a ratio of the total number of NR SL overlapping resources to the total number of resources in the NR SL resource pool.

[0101] For example, the WTRU may decide not to apply overlapping resources in the NR SL resource pool on a condition that the priority of the NR SL application may be lower than a (pre-)configured threshold (i.e., the L1 priority value of the TB of the NR SL application may be greater than a (pre-)configured threshold).

[0102] For example, the WTRU may decide not to apply the overlapping resources in the NR SL resource pool, provided that the CBR and / or RSSI and / or RSRP measurements (based on LTE SL sensing) of the LTE SL resource pool that overlaps with the NR SL resource pool may be higher than a (pre-)configured threshold.

[0103] For example, the WTRU may decide not to apply overlapping resources in an NR SL resource pool, provided that the CBR and / or RSSI measurements of the NR SL resource pool may be lower than a (pre-)configured threshold.

[0104] For example, the WTRU may decide not to apply the overlapping resources in the NR SL resource pool, provided that the CBR and / or RSSI measurements of the LTE SL resource pool that overlaps with the NR SL resource pool may be higher than the CBR and / or RSSI measurements of the NR SL resource pool.

[0105] For example, the WTRU may detect that the CBR and / or RSSI measurement of an LTE SL resource pool that overlaps with an NR SL resource pool may be higher than the CBR and / or RSSI measurement of the NR SL resource pool plus a (pre-)configured delta threshold (i.e., CBR LTE_SL_resource_pool >CBR NR_SL_Resource_Pool +Delta_CBR_Th and / or RSSI LTE_SL_resource_pool >RSSI NR_SL_Resource_Pool +Delta_RSSI_Th), it may be decided not to apply overlapping resources in the NR SL resource pool.

[0106] For example, the WTRU may decide not to apply an overlapping resource in the NR SL resource pool, provided that the CBR and / or RSSI measurements of the overlapping resource may be higher than a (pre-)configured threshold.

[0107] For example, the WTRU may decide not to apply overlapping resources in the NR SL resource pool, provided that the CBR and / or RSSI measurements of the overlapping resources may be higher than the CBR and / or RSSI measurements of the non-overlapping resources.

[0108] For example, the WTRU may detect that the CBR and / or RSSI measurement of the overlapping resources is higher than the CBR and / or RSSI measurement of the non-overlapping resources plus a (pre-)configured delta threshold (i.e., CBR overlapping_resource >CBR Non-overlapping_Resource +Delta_CBR_Th and / or RSSI overlapping_resource >RSSI Non-overlapping_Resource +Delta_RSSI_Th), it may decide not to apply overlapping resources in the NR SL resource pool.

[0109] When one or more of the example conditions are met, the WTRU may determine that LTE SL transmission activity on overlapping resources in the NR SL resource pool may be high and may not use these resources for NR SL transmissions to avoid potential collisions with LTE SL transmissions. The WTRU may determine that NR SL transmission activity on overlapping resources in the NR SL resource pool may be low and may allow the overlapping resources to use the overlapping resources exclusively.

[0110] In one embodiment, the (pre)configured thresholds applied in the conditions discussed above may be associated with the priority of the TBs of the NR SL applications targeted for PSSCH / PSCCH transmissions using the NR SL resource pool. In one example, a lower threshold may be applied when the priority is higher, and thus, given the same CBR and / or RSSI measurements, the WTRU may apply overlapping resources to NR SL TBs of lower priority but not higher priority NR SL TBs to allow the WTRU to use these overlapping resources for low priority NR SL TB transmissions.

[0111] In one example, the WTRU may evaluate one or more of the measurements discussed above and determine availability of overlapping resources in an NR SL resource pool for NR SL PSSCH / PSCCH transmissions for an NR SL application according to one or more of the following conditions: For example, the WTRU may perform such evaluation and determination periodically for an NR SL resource pool that includes overlapping resources. The periodicity may be (pre-)configured. In one example, the periodicity may be associated with the QoS requirements of the NR SL application (e.g., the priority of the TB of the NR SL application). Higher priorities may be (pre-)configured with more frequent evaluations to avoid collisions with LTE SL transmissions in the overlapping resources.

[0112] In one example, the WTRU may be triggered to perform such an evaluation and decision for an NR SL resource pool that includes overlapping resources. Conditions for triggering may include when a TB of an NR SL application is to be transmitted and / or when an additional LTE SL resource pool is configured and the resource pool includes LTE SL resources that overlap with the NR resource pool.

[0113] In one example, the WTRU may perform an evaluation according to the conditions discussed above to enable and disable the use of NR SL overlapping resources for NR SL transmissions for NR SL applications. When it is determined during the evaluation interval that the overlapping resources are unavailable, the WTRU may exclude the resources from the resource selection when the NR SL TB is to be transmitted. These resources may be referred to as disabled overlapping resources in the NR SL resource pool. Also, when it is determined during the evaluation interval that the overlapping resources are available, the WTRU may include the resources back in the resource selection when the NR SL TB is to be transmitted. These resources may be referred to as enabled overlapping resources in the NR SL resource pool. In one example, the WTRU may request another NR resource pool when the overlapping resources in the NR SL resource pool indicated for use for NR SL transmission of the TB are disabled for NR SL transmission as a result of the evaluation discussed above.

[0114] An embodiment is described herein for a WTRU to perform a determination of availability of NR SL overlapping resources for NR SL transmission based on an LTE SL sensing result. The LTE SL sensing result may provide the WTRU with an estimate of LTE SL transmission activity on the overlapping resources, since reserved LTE SL resources are excluded in the LTE sensing and the resulting set A includes LTE SL resources that are considered available (i.e., have low activity). In one embodiment, the WTRU may determine not to apply overlapping resources in the NR SL resource pool (i.e., disable use of overlapping resources) for NR PSSCH / PSCCH transmission for an NR SL application when one or more of the following conditions based on the LTE SL sensing may be met: (1) the number of overlapping resources included in the LTE SL sensing result (e.g., set A) may be below a (pre-)configured threshold, and (2) the number of overlapping resources excluded in the LTE SL sensing result may be above a (pre-)configured threshold.

[0115] Embodiments for a WTRU to perform a determination of NR SL overlapped resource availability for NR SL transmissions based on LTE SL SCI decoding are described herein. In one embodiment, when a WTRU performs an evaluation of LTE SL activity on overlapped resources in an NR SL resource pool in NR SL slot(n), the WTRU may derive the following information based on LTE SCI decoding performed in the LTE SL resource pool within a (pre-)configured period between NR SL slot(n) and slot(nm), where m may be (pre-)configured: (1) the number of reserved LTE SL transmissions in the overlapped resources, and / or (2) the average RSRP of the PSCCH including the decoded SCI in the overlapped resources.

[0116] In one example, the WTRU may determine to not apply overlapped resources in the NR SL resource pool (i.e., disable use of overlapped resources) for NR PSSCH / PSCCH transmissions for NR SL applications when one or more of the following conditions based on LTE SL sensing may be met: (1) the number of reserved LTE SL transmissions in the overlapped resources may exceed a (pre-)configured threshold, and / or (2) the average RSRP of the PSCCH including decoded SCI in the overlapped resources may be higher than a (pre-)configured threshold.

[0117] Embodiments for WTRU determination of available NR SL single slot resources with LTE SL resource exclusion are described herein.

[0118] The WTRU may be triggered by higher layers to perform resource (re)selection for PSSCH / PSCCH transmission of the TB. Resource reselection may include resource re-evaluation and preemption. The WTRU may be indicated (e.g., receive an indication of) the following information for resource (re)selection: (1) NR SL resource pool for PSSCH / PSCCH transmission; (2) L1 priority of the NR SL TB; tx (3) remaining packet delay budget (PDB); and (4) the number of subchannels used for PSSCH / PSCCH transmission in the NR SL slot (L subCH .).

[0119] The WTRU may determine to perform an LTE SL resource exclusion procedure when the indicated NR SL resource pool for PSSCH / PSCCH transmission may overlap with one or more (pre-)configured LTE SL resource pools. The WTRU may determine the overlap based on a mapping as described above (i.e., in the embodiment for the WTRU determination of overlap mapping between NR SL and LTE SL resource pools).

[0120] FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating an example method of LTE sidelink (SL) resource exclusion in NR SL resource (re)selection 200. The WTRU may perform an LTE SL resource exclusion procedure in NR SL slot(n). The WTRU may be triggered in the NR SL slot (i.e., slot(n)) to perform NR SL resource selection 205. The NR SL resource selection may be for an indicated NR SL resource pool for transmission of a TB with L1 priority (prior_tx). The WTRU may determine 210 whether the NR SL resource pool overlaps with one or more LTE SL resource pools. On condition that the NR SL resource pool does not overlap with one or more LTE SL resource pools, the WTRU may proceed with the NR SL resource exclusion procedure 255. On condition that the NR SL resource pool overlaps with one or more LTE SL resource pools, the WTRU may determine the number of overlapping NR SL resources in the NR SL resource pool 215.

[0121] The WTRU may determine an NR SL resource selection window (RSW) 220 that includes the time interval between NR SL slot (n+T1) and slot (n+T2) of the NR SL resource pool. The WTRU may determine the value of T1 based on, for example, the WTRU processing capability to perform NR sensing in the indicated NR SL resource pool and LTE SL sensing in the determined overlapping LTE SL resource pool. The WTRU may determine the value of T2 based on, for example, the indicated remaining packet delay budget (PDB).

[0122] The WTRU may assign candidate NR SL single slot resources to any contiguous L NR single slots in the indicated NR SL resource pool. subCH The WTRU may determine the NR SL resource across the subchannels. The WTRU may determine any L in each NR SL slot within the determined RSW. subCHThe WTRU may determine a candidate resource set of such candidate NR SL single slot resources across the subchannels. The WTRU may determine a total number of candidate NR SL single slot resources in the candidate resource set as N total can be determined as (225).

[0123] The WTRU selects candidate resource set N total The RX WTRU may determine 230 an NR PSFCH resource corresponding to each candidate NR SL single slot resource in the NR SL single slot resource. When the TX WTRU may transmit a HARQ-enabled PSSCH / PSCCH transmission on the NR SL single slot resource, the RX WTRU may transmit a corresponding PSFCH carrying the HARQ feedback information on the PSSCH / PSCCH subchannel and the PSFCH resource determined based on the (pre-)configured PSFCH opportunity and RB allocation in the resource pool. Thus, when the WTRU may reserve an NR SL single slot resource for a HARQ-enabled PSSCH / PSCCH transmission, the corresponding PSFCH resource may be reserved.

[0124] The WTRU is total is less than a threshold or the value of prio_tx is greater than a threshold (235). totalis less than a threshold and the value of prio_tx is greater than a threshold. If the determination is true, the WTRU may exclude any determined overlapping NR SL slots and subchannels from the RSW 265. If the determination is false, the WTRU may perform LTE SL sensing on the overlapping LTE SL resource pool and determine LTE SL resource reservation information applicable to the NR SL RSW 240. The LTE SL resource reservation information may include, but is not limited to, (1) (pre-)configured LTE PSSS / SSSS resources (LTE SL subframe and subchannel index); (2) LTE SL single subframe resources reserved for LTE SL transmissions by the WTRU; (3) LTE SL single subframe resources reserved for LTE SL transmissions to be received by the WTRU (i.e., the WTRU destination ID indicated in the SCI of the LTE SL transmission may be (pre-)configured for the WTRU); and (4) LTE SL single subframe resources reserved for LTE SL transmissions by other WTRUs, as well as the L1 priority (priorLTE_tx) and RSRP associated with the resources.

[0125] The WTRU may exclude 245 any candidate NR SL single slot resources from the candidate NR SL single slot resource set in the RSW based on one or more of the following conditions:

[0126] The WTRU may exclude a candidate NR SL single slot resource from the candidate NR SL single slot resource set, provided that the candidate NR SL single slot resource may overlap with a (pre-)configured LTE SL PSSS / SSSS resource and the WTRU may be (pre-)configured or decide to perform an LTE SL PSSS / SSS transmission (i.e., there may be a potential in-device conflict between the NR PSSCH / PSCCH transmission and the WTRU's LTE SL PSSS / SSSS transmission).

[0127] The WTRU may exclude candidate NR SL single slot resources from the candidate NR SL single slot resource set under the condition that the corresponding PSFCH resource may overlap with a (pre-)configured LTE SL PSSS / SSSS resource and the WTRU may be (pre-)configured or may decide to perform LTE SL PSSS / SSS transmission (i.e., there may be a potential in-device conflict between NR PSFCH reception and the WTRU's LTE SL PSSS / SSSS transmission).

[0128] The WTRU may exclude a candidate NR SL single slot resource from the candidate NR SL single slot resource set, provided that the candidate NR SL single slot resource may overlap with a (pre-)configured LTE SL PSSS / SSSS resource and the WTRU may be (pre-)configured or determined to be synchronized with an LTE SL PSSS / SSSS transmission (e.g., for an out-of-coverage WTRU) (i.e., there may be a potential in-device conflict between the NR PSSCH / PSCCH transmission and the WTRU's LTE SL PSSS / SSSS reception).

[0129] The WTRU may exclude candidate NR SL single slot resources from the candidate NR SL single slot resource set, provided that the corresponding PSFCH resource may overlap with a (pre-)configured LTE SL PSSS / SSSS resource, and the WTRU may be (pre-)configured or determined to be synchronized with an LTE SL PSSS / SSSS transmission (e.g., for an out-of-coverage WTRU) (i.e., there may be a potential in-device conflict between NR PSFCH reception and the WTRU's LTE SL PSSS / SSSS reception).

[0130] The WTRU may exclude a candidate NR SL single slot resource from the candidate NR SL single slot resource set on the condition that the candidate NR SL single slot resource may overlap with an LTE SL single frame resource reserved for the WTRU's LTE SL transmission (i.e., there may be a potential intra-device conflict between the NR PSSCH / PSCCH transmission and the WTRU's LTE SL PSSCH transmission).

[0131] The WTRU may exclude a candidate NR SL single slot resource from the candidate NR SL single slot resource set, provided that the corresponding PSFCH resource may overlap with an LTE SL single frame resource reserved for the WTRU's LTE SL transmission (i.e., there may be a potential in-device conflict between NR PSFCH reception and the WTRU's LTE SL PSSCH transmission).

[0132] The WTRU may exclude a candidate NR SL single slot resource from the candidate NR SL single slot resource set on the condition that the candidate NR SL single slot resource may overlap with an LTE SL single frame resource reserved for the WTRU's LTE SL reception (i.e., there may be a potential intra-device conflict between NR PSSCH / PSCCH transmission and the WTRU's LTE SL PSSCH reception).

[0133] The WTRU may exclude a candidate NR SL single slot resource from the candidate NR SL single slot resource set, provided that the corresponding PSFCH resource may overlap with an LTE SL single frame resource reserved for the WTRU's LTE SL reception (i.e., there may be a potential in-device conflict between NR PSFCH reception and the WTRU's LTE SL PSSCH reception).

[0134] The WTRU may exclude a candidate NR SL single slot resource from the candidate NR SL single slot resource set under the condition that the candidate NR SL single slot resource may overlap with a (pre-)configured LTE SL PSSS / SSSS resource and the WTRU may not perform PSSS / SSSS transmission or reception (i.e., there may be a potential collision between an NR PSSCH / PSCCH transmission and an LTE PSSS / SSSS transmission of another WTRU).

[0135] The WTRU may exclude candidate NR SL single slot resources from the candidate NR SL single slot resource set under the condition that the corresponding PSFCH resource may overlap with a (pre-)configured LTE SL PSSS / SSSS resource and the WTRU may not perform PSSS / SSSS transmission or reception (i.e., there may be a potential collision between an NR PSFCH transmission and an LTE PSSS / SSSS transmission of another WTRU).

[0136] The WTRU may exclude a candidate NR SL single slot resource from the candidate NR SL single slot resource set on condition that the candidate NR SL single slot resource may overlap with an LTE SL single frame resource reserved for an LTE SL PSSCH transmission of another WTRU (i.e., there may be a potential collision between an NR PSSCH / PSCCH transmission and an LTE SL PSSCH transmission of another WTRU).

[0137] The WTRU may exclude a candidate NR SL single slot resource from the candidate NR SL single slot resource set, provided that the corresponding PSFCH resource may overlap with an LTE SL single frame resource reserved for an LTE SL PSSCH transmission of another WTRU (i.e., there may be a potential collision between NR PSFCH reception and an LTE SL PSSCH transmission of another WTRU).

[0138] The WTRU uses the L1 priority of the NR SL TB. tx ), L1 priority of overlapping LTE SL single subframe resources (prior LTE_tx ), and / or the RSRP associated with the overlapping LTE SL resource. In one example, the WTRU may exclude such NR SL candidate resource from the set when one or more of the following conditions may be met: (i) the value of the overlapping LTE SL resource (prior LTE_tx (ii) when the RSRP associated with the overlapping LTE SL resource is less than the prior LTE SL resource; tx and / or prior LTE_tx and / or (iii) when the L1 priority value of the NR SL TB is higher than the (pre)configured RSRP threshold, which may be determined based on tx ) is the L1 priority value associated with the overlapping LTE SL resource (prior LTE_tx ) is greater or can be greater.

[0139] The WTRU may determine (250) whether the number of remaining candidate NR SL single slot resources is greater than or equal to a threshold or a determined or calculated value. total P can be a percentage (P%) of the L1 priority of the NR SL TB, which is (pre)configured. tx ) The number of remaining candidate NR SL single slot resources in the candidate resource set may be associated with a threshold or a determined or calculated value (e.g., N total If the NR SL TB transmission is less than (equal to) P%, the WTRU may stop NR SL resource selection and request (e.g., from higher layers) another NR SL resource pool for the transmission of the NR SL TB 260. An LTE SL resource pool that overlaps with the indicated NR SL resource pool may be congested.

[0140] The number of candidate NR SL single slot resources remaining in the candidate resource set is less than or equal to a threshold or a determined or calculated value (e.g., N total P% of the indicated NR SL resource pool, the WTRU may continue to perform the NR SL resource exclusion procedure in the indicated NR SL resource pool (255).

[0141] The WTRU may determine the overlap (for block 245) between the NR SL single slot resources and the LTE SL single subframe resources based on the mapping as described above (i.e., the embodiment for the WTRU determination of overlap mapping between the NR SL resource pool and the LTE SL resource pool).

[0142] In one embodiment, the WTRU may perform a preemptive LTE SL resource exclusion procedure 300 in NR SL slot (n), as shown in FIG.

[0143] The WTRU may determine 310 an NR SL resource selection window (RSW) that includes the time interval between NR SL slot (n+T1) and slot (n+T2) of the NR SL resource pool. The WTRU may determine a value of T1 based on, for example, the WTRU processing capability to perform NR sensing in the indicated NR SL resource pool and LTE SL sensing in the determined overlapping LTE SL resource pool. The WTRU may determine a value of T2 based on, for example, the indicated remaining PDB.

[0144] The WTRU may determine a set of NR SL single slot resources within the determined RSW that may overlap with one or more LTE SL resource pools (320). The WTRU may determine such overlap based on a mapping as described above (i.e., an embodiment for the WTRU determination of overlap mapping between NR SL resource pools and LTE SL resource pools).

[0145] The WTRU may exclude a set of NR SL single slot resources from the RSW 330. The exclusion may be based on one or more of the following conditions: (1) The determined number of NR SL single slot resources in the RSW is less than or equal to N total; (2) The L1 priority value of the NR SL TB (prior tx ) is greater than a (pre-)configured threshold, and / or (3) based on a WTRU determination of availability of an overlapping resource set in an NR SL resource pool for NR SL PSSCH / PSCCH transmission for an NR SL application, as discussed above, the overlapping resource may be determined to be unavailable (i.e., disabled). For example, the WTRU may determine whether an overlapping resource set in an NR SL resource pool may be available for NR SL PSSCH / PSCCH transmission for an NR SL application based on one or more of the following: the number of NR SL resources in an overlapping resource set in the NR SL resource pool, the QoS requirements of the NR SL application (e.g., a priority of an SL TB associated with the NR SL application), a CBR and / or RSSI measurement of the NR SL resource pool, a CBR and / or RSSI measurement of an LTE SL resource pool overlapping with the NR SL resource pool, a CBR and / or RSSI measurement of overlapping resources in the NR SL resource pool, a CBR and / or RSSI measurement of non-overlapping resources in the NR SL resource pool, an LTE SL sensing result for the overlapping LTE SL resource pool, and / or LTE SCI decoding information.

[0146] When the conditions for excluding a set of NR SL single slot resources are not met, the WTRU may perform an LTE SL resource exclusion procedure including LTE SL sensing information, for example as shown in FIG. 2.

[0147] The WTRU may decide to continue the NR SL resource selection procedure within the indicated NR SL resource pool.

[0148] In such preemptive LTE SL resource exclusion, the WTRU may exclude from NR SL resource (re)selection any NR SL resources that may cause intra-device contention and / or collision with LTE SL operation, without considering whether the overlapping resources may actually be reserved for the next LTE SL operation. This may reduce the LTE SL sensing process for the exclusion procedure and provide protection of LTE SL services (e.g., public safety) at the expense of inefficient utilization of NR SL resources. The (pre)configured overlapping resource ratio p and L1 priority threshold may provide a trade-off so that preemption may be applied to low priority NR SL TBs in scenarios where the number of overlapping resources may be small relative to the total number of resources in the resource pool.

[0149] Embodiments for NR mode 2 inter-WTRU coordination for contention with LTE V2X resource reservations are described herein.

[0150] The transmitter (TX) WTRU may perform LTE SL resource exclusion in NR SL resource (re)selection as described herein to enable collision avoidance based on co-channel in-device presence at the TX WTRU and LTE sensing information of the TX WTRU. Although the LTE PSSS / SSSS (pre)configuration may be the same for the TX WTRU and the receiver (RX) WTRU, the TX WTRU may not be aware of the LTE SL traffic and data operations by the RX WTRU. As a result, the reserved NR SL resources may cause in-device conflicts with the LTE SL operations in the RX WTRU. In addition, due to the hidden node problem, the LTE SL sensing of the TX WTRU may not capture resource reservations by WTRUs close to the RX WTRU, thus leading to overlap between NR SL resources reserved by the TX WTRU and LTE SL resource reservations by another WTRU.

[0151] An NR SL WTRU may not be equipped with both LTE SL radio access HW capabilities and may not determine availability of overlapped resources (e.g., due to LTE SL resource reservation) as discussed herein. In this case, an NR SL WTRU equipped with NR SL HW may rely on information received from another NR SL WTRU that has both NR SL HW and LTE SL HW (e.g., inter-WTRU coordination information) to avoid reserving NR SL resources that may be unavailable due to LTE SL transmissions in the overlapped resources.

[0152] The RX WTRU may receive an NR SL resource reservation in the SCI with a PSSCH / PSCCH transmission in slot (n). The RX WTRU may determine that the resource pool used for the reserved PSSCH / PSCCH transmission resources may overlap with one or more LTE resource pools. The RX WTRU may perform contention detection for the reserved resources based on one or more of the following information: (1) (pre-)configured LTE PSSS / SSSS resources (LTE SL subframe and subchannel index); (2) LTE SL single-subframe resources reserved for LTE SL transmissions by the RX WTRU, (3) LTE SL single-subframe resources reserved for LTE SL transmissions to be received by the RX WTRU (i.e., the WTRU destination ID indicated in the SCI of the LTE SL transmission may be (pre-)configured for the RX WTRU); and / or (4) LTE SL single-subframe resources reserved for LTE SL transmissions by other WTRUs, as well as the L1 priority associated with the resources. LTE_tx ) and RSRP.

[0153] The RX WTRU may detect a conflict between reserved NR SL resources and in-device LTE SL operation by the RX WTRU when at least one or more of the following conditions occur:

[0154] The condition for detecting a conflict is that the reserved NR SL single slot resource may overlap with a (pre-)configured LTE SL PSSS / SSSS resource and the RX WTRU may be (pre-)configured or decide to perform an LTE SL PSSS / SSS transmission (i.e., a potential intra-device conflict between NR PSSCH / PSCCH reception and the WTRU's LTE SL PSSS / SSSS transmission).

[0155] The conditions for detecting a conflict are a reserved NR SL single slot resource whose corresponding PSFCH resource may overlap with a (pre-)configured LTE SL PSSS / SSSS resource, and the WTRU may be (pre-)configured or decide to perform an LTE SL PSSS / SSS transmission (i.e., a potential intra-device conflict between an NR PSFCH transmission and the WTRU's LTE SL PSSS / SSSS transmission).

[0156] The conditions for detecting a conflict may be that the reserved NR SL single slot resource may overlap with a (pre-)configured LTE SL PSSS / SSSS resource and the WTRU may be (pre-)configured or decide (e.g., for an out-of-coverage WTRU) to synchronize with the LTE SL PSSS / SSSS transmission (i.e., potential intra-device conflict between NR PSSCH / PSCCH reception and the WTRU's LTE SL PSSS / SSSS reception).

[0157] The conditions for detecting a conflict may be reserved NR SL single slot resources whose corresponding PSFCH resources may overlap with (pre-)configured LTE SL PSSS / SSSS resources, and that the WTRU may be (pre-)configured or decide to synchronize with the LTE SL PSSS / SSSS transmission (e.g., for an out-of-coverage WTRU) (i.e., potential intra-device conflict between the NR PSFCH transmission and the WTRU's LTE SL PSSS / SSSS reception).

[0158] The condition for detecting a conflict is that the reserved NR SL single slot resource may overlap with the LTE SL single frame resource reserved for the WTRU's LTE SL transmission (i.e., a potential intra-device conflict between NR PSSCH / PSCCH reception and the WTRU's LTE SL PSSCH transmission).

[0159] The condition for detecting a conflict may be a reserved NR SL single slot resource whose corresponding PSFCH resource may overlap with an LTE SL single frame resource reserved for the WTRU's LTE SL transmission (i.e., a potential intra-device conflict between an NR PSFCH transmission and the WTRU's LTE SL PSSCH transmission).

[0160] The condition for detecting a conflict is that the reserved NR SL single slot resource may overlap with the LTE SL single frame resource reserved for the WTRU's LTE SL reception (i.e., a potential intra-device conflict between NR PSSCH / PSCCH reception and the WTRU's LTE SL PSSCH reception).

[0161] The condition for detecting a conflict may be a reserved NR SL single slot resource whose corresponding PSFCH resource may overlap with an LTE SL single frame resource reserved for the WTRU's LTE SL reception (i.e., a potential intra-device conflict between an NR PSFCH transmission and the WTRU's LTE SL PSSCH reception).

[0162] The RX WTRU detects a conflict between a reserved NR SL resource and an LTE SL resource reserved by another WTRU when at least one or more of the following conditions occur: (1) the reserved NR SL single slot resource may overlap with an LTE SL single frame resource reserved for another WTRU's LTE SL PSSCH transmission (i.e., potential collision between NR PSSCH / PSCCH reception and another WTRU's LTE SL PSSCH transmission); and (2) a candidate NR SL single slot resource whose corresponding PSFCH resource may overlap with an LTE SL single frame resource reserved for another WTRU's LTE SL PSSCH transmission (i.e., potential collision between NR PSFCH transmission and another WTRU's LTE SL PSSCH transmission).

[0163] In one embodiment, when an overlap between a reserved NR SL resource and an LTE SL resource reserved by another WTRU is detected, the WTRU may select an L1 priority for the NR SL TB. tx ), L1 priority of overlapping LTE SL single subframe resources (prior LTE_tx ), and / or the RSRP associated with the overlapping LTE SL resources. In one example, the WTRU may detect a conflict when one or more of the following conditions are met:

[0164] The condition for detecting a conflict is the value of the overlapping LTE SL resource (prior LTE_tx ) is less than a (pre)configured threshold.

[0165] The condition for detecting a conflict is that the RSRP associated with the overlapping LTE SL resource is the priority tx and / or prior LTE_tx The RSRP threshold may be higher than a (pre)configured RSRP threshold, which may be determined based on:

[0166] The condition for detecting a conflict is the L1 priority value of the NR SL TB (prior tx) is the L1 priority value associated with the overlapping LTE SL resource (prior LTE_tx ) may be greater than

[0167] If a conflict is detected, the RX WTRU may perform a PSFCH transmission to indicate that the reserved resources may be in conflict with the NR SL TX WTRU. In one embodiment, the RX WTRU may transmit a (pre)configured sequence for the conflicting NR SL resource reservation. In one example, a ZC sequence with a cyclic shift (m_cs) equal to 0 may be applied. In one example, the RX WTRU may be (pre)configured with a sequence dedicated to indicating a conflict between NR SL resource reservation and LTE SL operation. Such a ZC sequence may be (pre)configured with a cyclic shift (m_cs) equal to 6, for example.

[0168] In one embodiment, the RX WTRU may be (pre-)configured with a set of sequences with different cyclic shifts dedicated to indication of conflict with LTE SL operation. Each cyclic shift value may further indicate the location in the time domain of the reserved single-slot NR SL resource within the overlapping single-subframe LTE SL resource. Due to differences in the SCS of the NR SL resource pool and the LTE SL resource pool, the single-subframe LTE SL resource may span one or more consecutive single-slot NR SL resources. In one example, when the LTE SL SCS and the NR SL SCS are 15 kHz and 30 kHz, respectively, the RX WTRU may transmit a PSFCH sequence to indicate that the reserved NR SL single-slot resource may partially overlap with the first or second portion of the single-subframe LTE SL resource. When the PSFCH may indicate an overlap between the reserved NR SL single-slot resource and the first portion of the LTE SL single-subframe resource, the TX WTRU may determine a later (e.g., immediately following) NR slot in which the one containing the reserved single-slot NR SL resource may conflict with LTE SL operation. When the PSFCH may indicate overlap between the reserved NR SL single-slot resources and a second portion of the LTE SL single-subframe resources, the TX WTRU may determine the previous (e.g., immediately preceding) NR slot in which the one containing the reserved single-slot NR SL resources may conflict with LTE SL operation.

[0169] Upon receiving the PSFCH sequence, the TX WTRU may perform resource reselection for scheduled transmissions on the indicated conflicting resources. When the received PSFCH sequence indicates a conflict with LTE SL operation, the TX WTRU may perform exclusion of NR slots that include reserved NR SL single-slot resources from resource reselection. In one embodiment, when the received PSFCH sequence further indicates a location in the time domain of reserved single-slot NR SL resources within overlapping single-subframe LTE SL resources, the TX WTRU may determine, based on the indication, which NR slots may overlap with single-subframe LTE SL resources in addition to the NR slot that includes reserved NR SL single-slot resources. The TX WTRU may perform exclusion of all such NR slots from resource reselection.

[0170] An embodiment for WTRU transmission of NR SL overlapping resource information based on inter-WTRU cooperation is described herein. In one embodiment, the WTRU may indicate overlapping resources in a non-preferred resource set and perform transmission of the non-preferred resource set in the SCI and / or MAC CE. The WTRU may indicate in the SCI that resources may be non-preferred due to LTE SL transmission activity. The WTRU may be triggered to perform such transmission under one or more of the following conditions:

[0171] The condition may be that the WTRU may determine that an overlapping resource set in an NR SL resource pool may be unavailable for an NR SL transmission, as discussed with respect to a WTRU determination of availability of an overlapping resource set in an NR SL resource pool for an NR SL PSSCH / PSCCH transmission for an NR SL application.

[0172] The condition may be that the WTRU may receive a request to provide non-preferred resources specific to overlapping resources between an NR resource pool and an LTE SL resource pool. In one example, the request may include an indication (e.g., in the SCI) to indicate that the type of requested non-preferred resource set may be unavailable overlapping NR SL resources in the NR SL resource pool. Such a request may include an SCI indication of the NR SL resource pool.

[0173] When a WTRU receives such a non-preferred resource set, the WTRU may determine that the received resources may be unavailable (i.e., invalid) in the NR SL resource pool, and the WTRU may not include these resources in the resource selection for an NR SL transmission using the resource pool.

[0174] FIG. 4 illustrates an example method 400 for an NR V2X WTRU to perform resource selection taking into account LTE V2X resource reservations. The WTRU may be triggered 410 to perform NR SL resource (re)selection in an NR SL resource pool. The WTRU may be triggered via an indication. The indication may be V2X transmission information received from a higher layer (e.g., the V2X layer). The WTRU may determine a resource selection window (RSW). The RSW may be determined 420 based on predefined times such as T1 and T2. The RSW may include a time interval between NR SL slot (n+T1) and slot (n+T2) of the NR SL resource pool. The WTRU may determine a value of T1 based, for example, on the WTRU processing capability to perform NR sensing in the indicated NR SL resource pool and LTE SL sensing in the determined overlapping LTE SL resource pool. The WTRU may determine a value of T2 based, for example, on the indicated remaining PDB. The WTRU may initialize 430 a set of resources (e.g., set A) based on the NR SL resources in the RSW.

[0175] The WTRU may receive LTE V2X resource reservation information (440). For example, the WTRU may receive LTE V2X resource reservation information based on the LTE V2X sensing. The LTE V2X resource reservation information may include, but is not limited to, an LTE SSB resource configuration, a received LTE SSB RSRP, resources reserved for LTE V2X transmissions by the WTRU, resources reserved for LTE V2X transmissions directed to the WTRU, and resources reserved for LTE V2X transmissions not directed to the WTRU and an RSRP associated with the resources.

[0176] The WTRU may remove NR SL resources that are in conflict with LTE V2X operation from Set A 450. The WTRU may remove NR SL resources that are in conflict with LTE V2X operation from Set A when a resource or a PSFCH resource corresponding to the resource (e.g., based on a PSFCH resource configuration in an NR SL resource pool) overlaps with LTE SSB resources, resources reserved for LTE V2X transmissions by the WTRU, or resources reserved for LTE V2X transmissions directed to the WTRU. The WTRU may remove NR SL resources that are in conflict with LTE V2X operation from Set A when a resource or a PSFCH resource corresponding to the resource (e.g., based on a PSFCH resource configuration in an NR SL resource pool) overlaps with resources reserved for LTE SSB resources and the associated SSB RSRP is greater than a threshold value and / or overlaps with resources reserved for LTE V2X transmissions not directed to the WTRU and the associated RSRP is greater than a threshold value.

[0177] The WTRU may perform NR SL resource selection within the remaining resources in set A (460).

[0178] 5 shows an example method 500 for an NR V2X WTRU to perform detection of a conflict between LTE V2X transmissions and NR V2X transmissions. The WTRU may receive NR SL resource reservation (or NR SL resource reservation information) 510. The WTRU may receive LTE V2X resource reservation information 520. The LTE V2X resource reservation information may be based on LTE V2X sensing. The LTE V2X resource reservation information may include, but is not limited to, an LTE SSB resource configuration, a received LTE SSB RSRP, resources reserved for LTE V2X transmissions by the WTRU, resources reserved for LTE V2X transmissions directed to the WTRU, and resources reserved for LTE V2X transmissions not directed to the WTRU and an RSRP associated with the resources.

[0179] The WTRU may determine 530 a conflict between the reserved NR SL resource and LTE V2X operation if the resource or a PSFCH resource corresponding to the resource (based on a PSFCH resource configuration in an NR SL resource pool) overlaps with an LTE SSB resource, a resource reserved for LTE V2X transmission by the WTRU, or a resource reserved for LTE V2X transmission directed to the WTRU. The WTRU may determine 530 a conflict between the reserved NR SL resource and LTE V2X operation if the resource or a PSFCH resource corresponding to the resource (based on a PSFCH resource configuration in an NR SL resource pool) overlaps with a resource reserved for an LTE SSB resource and an associated SSB RSRP is greater than a threshold, and / or overlaps with a resource reserved for an LTE V2X transmission not intended for the WTRU and an associated RSRP is greater than a threshold.

[0180] The WTRU may perform a PSFCH transmission to the NR V2X WTRU reserving resources to indicate a conflict and request resource (re)selection (540).

[0181] FIG. 6 shows an example method 600 for performing NR SL resource selection. The WTRU may receive resource configuration information (610). The resource configuration information may include information about a long term evolution (LTE) sidelink (SL) resource pool and a new radio (NR) SL resource pool. The resource configuration information may include LTE SL subcarrier spacing information, NR SL subcarrier spacing information, a number of physical resource blocks (PRBs) for LTE SL subchannels, a number of PRBs for NR SL subchannels, LTE SL synchronization signal (SSS) resource configuration information, and NR physical SL feedback channel (PSFCH) resource configuration information. The WTRU may determine (620) an association between time and frequency resources of the LTE SL resource pool and time and frequency resources of the NR SL resource pool. The association between time and frequency resources of the LTE SL resource pool and time and frequency resources of the NR SL resource pool may be based on the received resource configuration information. The association may include an association between an LTE SL subframe and one or more NR SL slots and an association between an LTE SL subchannel and one or more NR SL subchannels. The association may include a logical index of the LTE SL subframe to one or more indexes of the one or more NR SL slots and an index of the LTE SL subchannel to one or more NR SL subchannels. The WTRU may select 630 NR SL candidate resources from an NR SL resource pool for a hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ)-enabled NR SL transmission. The WTRU may select the NR SL candidate resources in response to the received trigger information. The WTRU may select the NR SL candidate resources within a resource selection window (RSW). The WTRU may receive 640 reservation information indicating LTE time and frequency resources of the LTE SL resource pool. The reservation information indicating the LTE time and frequency resources may be based on LTE sensing. The LTE sensing may be LTE V2X sensing.The information indicating the LTE time and frequency resources may include LTE SL synchronization signal block (SSB) resources, received LTE SSB reference signal received power (RSRP), resources reserved for LTE V2X transmissions by the WTRU, resources reserved for LTE V2X transmissions directed to the WTRU, resources reserved for LTE V2X transmissions not directed to the WTRU, and RSRP for resources reserved for LTE V2X transmissions not directed to the WTRU. The WTRU may determine NR SL physical SL feedback channel (PSFCH) resources corresponding to each NR SL candidate resource of the selected NR SL candidate resources (650). An NR SL PSFCH resource corresponding to each NR SL candidate resource may be determined based on the NR PSFCH resource configuration information. The WTRU may exclude NR SL candidate resources from the selected NR SL candidate resources (660). The WTRU may exclude more than one NR SL candidate resource. The time and frequency resources of the excluded NR SL candidate resources may overlap with the indicated LTE time and frequency resources, or the time and frequency resources of the determined NR SL PSFCH resources may overlap with the indicated LTE time and frequency resources. The time and frequency resources of the excluded NR SL candidate resources may overlap with the time and frequency resources of an LTE SL synchronization signal (SSS). The time and frequency resources of the excluded NR SL resources may overlap with LTE SSB resources, resources reserved for LTE V2X transmissions by the WTRU, or resources reserved for LTE V2X transmissions directed to the WTRU. The WTRU may exclude NR SL candidate resources based on the determined association between the time and frequency resources of the LTE SL resource pool and the time and frequency resources of the NR SL resource pool. The excluded NR SL candidate resources may be based on the priority of the NR SL transport block or the priority of the indicated LTE time and frequency resources. For example, the NR SL candidate resources may be selected based on the priority of the overlapping LTE SL resources. LTE_txFor example, NR SL candidate resources may be excluded on the condition that the value of the L1 priority of the NR SL transport block (priority) is less than a threshold. tx ) is greater than the value of the overlapping LTE SL resource. For example, an NR SL candidate resource may be excluded if the RSRP associated with the overlapping LTE SL resource is greater than the value of the priority L1 priority. tx and / or prior LTE_tx The WTRU may exclude NR SL resources if the RSRP is greater than a threshold, which may be determined based on the RSRP threshold. The WTRU may select 670 an NR SL resource within the remaining NR SL candidate resources. The selected NR SL resource may be a time resource and a frequency resource. The WTRU may transmit information in an NR SL physical sidelink shared channel (PSSCH) transmission in the selected NR SL resource (680).

[0182] Although the features and elements are described above in certain combinations, one skilled in the art will understand that each feature or element may be used alone or in any combination with the other features and elements. In addition, the methods described herein may be implemented in a computer program, software, or firmware embodied in a computer-readable medium for execution by a computer or processor. Examples of computer-readable media include electronic signals (transmitted over wired or wireless connections) and computer-readable storage media. Examples of computer-readable storage media include, but are not limited to, read-only memory (ROM), random-access memory (RAM), registers, cache memory, semiconductor memory devices, magnetic media such as internal hard disks and removable disks, magneto-optical media, and optical media such as CD-ROM disks and digital versatile disks (DVDs). A processor in association with software may be used to implement a radio frequency transceiver for use in a WTRU, UE, terminal, base station, RNC, or any host computer.

Claims

1. A method for use in a wireless transceiver unit (WTRU), Receiving configuration information indicating reference signal received power (RSRP) threshold information, Based on Long-Term Evolution (LTE) sensing information, a new radio (NR) sidelink (SL) candidate resource is selected from the NR SL resource pool, wherein the LTE sensing information indicates a reserved LTE SL resource of another WTRU. Removing an NR SL candidate resource from the selected NR SL candidate resource, wherein the removed NR SL candidate resource has an associated NR SL physical sidelink feedback channel (PSFCH) resource that overlaps with at least one of the reserved LTE SL resources of the other WTRU, Select an NR SL resource from the remaining NR SL candidate resources, In the NR SL physical sidelink shared channel (PSSCH) transmission in the selected NR SL resource, information is transmitted, Methods that include...

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the received configuration information includes at least one of LTE SL subcarrier spacing information, NR SL subcarrier spacing information, the number of physical resource blocks (PRBs) for LTE SL subchannels, the number of PRBs for NR SL subchannels, LTE SL synchronization signal (SSS) resource configuration information, and NR SL PSFCH resource configuration information.

3. The method according to claim 1, further comprising determining the association between the time resources and frequency resources of the LTE SL resource pool and the time resources and frequency resources of the NR SL resource pool.

4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the LTE sensing information further indicates the priority of the reserved LTE SL resource of the other WTRU.

5. The method according to claim 1, wherein the exclusion of the NR SL candidate resource is further based on the RSRP measurement of the reserved LTE SL resource of the other WTRU being greater than the RSRP threshold, the RSRP threshold being based on at least one of the priority of the NR SL transport block, the priority of the overlapping reserved LTE SL resource of the other WTRU, and the received RSRP threshold information.

6. The method according to claim 1, wherein the time resources and frequency resources of the excluded NR SL candidate resources overlap with the time resources and frequency resources of the LTE SL synchronization signal (SSS).

7. The method according to claim 1, wherein the selection of an NR SL candidate resource is in response to received trigger information.

8. The method according to claim 1, wherein the exclusion of an NR SL candidate resource from the selected NR SL candidate resource is further based on the exclusion of the excluded NR SL candidate resource overlapping with at least one of the reserved LTE SL resources of the other WTRU.

9. The method according to claim 1, wherein excluding NR SL candidate resources from selected NR SL candidate resources is based on the priority of an NR SL transport block or the priority of a reserved LTE resource.

10. The method according to claim 1, wherein the LTE sensing information includes at least one of: LTE SL synchronous signal block (SSB) resources; received LTE SSB reference signal received power (RSRP); resources reserved for LTE V2X transmission by the WTRU; resources reserved for LTE V2X transmission directed to the WTRU; resources reserved for LTE V2X transmission not directed to the WTRU; and RSRP for the resources reserved for LTE V2X transmission not directed to the WTRU.

11. A wireless transceiver unit (WTRU), Receiver and Transmitter and, Equipped with a processor, The receiver is configured to receive configuration information indicating reference signal received power (RSRP) threshold information. The processor is configured to select a new radio (NR) sidelink (SL) candidate resource from the NR SL resource pool based on long-term evolution (LTE) sensing information, wherein the LTE sensing information indicates a reserved LTE SL resource of another WTRU. The processor is further configured to exclude NR SL candidate resources from the selected NR SL candidate resources, the excluded NR SL candidate resources having associated NR SL physical sidelink feedback channel (PSFCH) resources that overlap with at least one of the reserved LTE resources of the other WTRU. The processor is further configured to select an NR SL resource from the remaining NR SL candidate resources. The transmitter is configured to transmit information in an NR SL physical sidelink shared channel (PSSCH) transmission on the selected NR SL resource, WTRU.

12. The WTRU according to claim 11, wherein the received configuration information includes at least one of LTE SL subcarrier spacing information, NR SL subcarrier spacing information, the number of physical resource blocks (PRBs) for LTE SL subchannels, the number of PRBs for NR SL subchannels, LTE SL synchronization signal (SSS) resource configuration information, and NR SL PSFCH resource configuration information.

13. The WTRU according to claim 11, wherein the processor is further configured to determine the association between the time resources and frequency resources of the LTE SL resource pool and the time resources and frequency resources of the NR SL resource pool.

14. The WTRU according to claim 11, wherein the LTE sensing information further indicates the priority of the reserved LTE SL resource of the other WTRU.

15. The processor is further configured to exclude the NR SL candidate resources based on whether the RSRP measurement of the reserved LTE SL resources of the other WTRU is greater than the RSRP threshold, the WTRU according to claim 11, wherein the RSRP threshold is based on at least one of the priority of the NR SL transport block, the priority of the overlapping reserved LTE SL resources of the other WTRU, and the received RSRP threshold information.

16. The WTRU according to claim 11, wherein the time resources and frequency resources of the excluded NR SL candidate resources overlap with the time resources and frequency resources of the LTE SL synchronization signal (SSS).

17. The WTRU according to claim 11, wherein the processor is further configured to select an NR SL candidate resource in response to received trigger information.

18. The WTRU according to claim 11, wherein the processor is further configured to exclude NR SL candidate resources from selected NR SL candidate resources based on the fact that the excluded NR SL candidate resources overlap with at least one of the reserved LTE SL resources of the other WTRU.

19. The WTRU according to claim 11, wherein the processor is further configured to exclude NR SL candidate resources from the selected NR SL candidate resources based on the priority of the NR SL transport block or the priority of the reserved LTE resource.

20. The WTRU according to claim 11, wherein the LTE sensing information includes at least one of LTE SL synchronous signal block (SSB) resources, received LTE SSB reference signal received power (RSRP), resources reserved for LTE V2X transmission by the WTRU, resources reserved for LTE V2X transmission directed to the WTRU, resources reserved for LTE V2X transmission not directed to the WTRU, and RSRP for the resources reserved for LTE V2X transmission not directed to the WTRU.

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