Ophthalmic device containing a photostability mimic of macular pigment and other visible light filters

Abstract

An ophthalmic device containing a visible light filter is described. The ophthalmic device is a free radical reaction product of a reactive mixture comprising: one or more monomers suitable for making the ophthalmic device, and a first visible light filtering compound having a visible light absorption maximum in the range of 430 nm to 480 nm and a full width at half maximum (FWHM) of at least 35 nm and at most 150 nm at the visible light absorption maximum, the first visible light filtering compound being light stable and having a molar extinction coefficient of at least 7740 L·mol-1·cm-1, and a second visible light filtering compound. The device may provide the wearer with one or more benefits including improved macular pigment optical density (MPOD) as well as improved color perception and color enhancement.

Description

【Technical Field】 【0001】 (Cross - reference to related applications) This application claims the priority of U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 63 / 366,471, filed on June 16, 2022, which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. 【0002】 (Field of the Invention) The present invention relates to an ophthalmic device containing a visible light filter. More particularly, the present invention relates to an ophthalmic device containing a visible light filtering compound that substantially mimics the absorption characteristics of macular pigment while maintaining light stability. The ophthalmic device also contains a secondary visible light filter. 【Background Art】 【0003】 Human eye tissue contains lutein (L) and zeaxanthin (Z), carotenoids derived from food, collectively known as macular pigment (MP). For example, several reports have been made describing the advantages of MP as a short - wavelength (blue light) filter and also as a powerful antioxidant. MP is also thought to play a protective role against age - related macular degeneration (AMD) (Bernstein, P.S., Li, B., Vachali, P.P., Gorusupudi, A., Shyam, R., Henriksen, B.S., Nolan, J.M. Prog. Retin. Eye Res. 2016, 50, 34 - 66, Beatty, S., Boulton, M., Koh, H - H., Murray, I, J. Br. J. Ophthalmol 1999, 83, 867 - 877). It has further been found that macular pigment is significantly correlated with light stress recovery time, reduction of visual acuity degradation glare contrast threshold, and reduction of visual discomfort (Stringham, J.M., Garcia., P.V., Smith, P.A., McLin, L, N., Foutch, B.K. IOVS, 2011, 52(10)7406 - 7415). 【0004】 The chemicals related to macular pigment are carotenoid derivatives with extensive unsaturation and are highly reactive to olefin isomerization and oxidation upon photoexcitation. The antioxidant protection mechanism provided by carotenoids is essentially sacrificial, and the π-system excitation leads to the reaction of its excited state with triplet oxygen, thereby protecting / limiting the excitation and reaction of other photosensitive compounds in the eye environment. See, for example, Ribeiro et al., Food and Chemical Toxicology, Vol. 120, pp. 681-699 (2018), Burton et al., Can. J. Chem., Vol. 92, pp. 305-316 (2014), Ty et al., Journal of Oil Palm Research Vol. II No. 1, pp. 62-78 (June 1999); Johnston et al., Plos One, Vol. 9(10), pp. 1-10 (2014), and Boon et al., Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition, Vol. 50, pp. 515-532 (2010). 【0005】 It is desirable to incorporate macular pigment into products for the purpose of providing eye protection. However, the overall lack of stability (thermal, oxidative, and photochemical) of carotenoids poses a very high obstacle to the development of such products. Therefore, it would be a significant advancement if new stable materials that mimic the light absorption properties of macular pigment were developed. Materials that provide additional visual benefits would also be highly desirable. 【Summary of the Invention】 【Means for Solving the Problems】 【0006】 The present invention relates to an ophthalmic device incorporating a first light filtering compound having an absorption spectrum that absorbs light in the wavelength range of 400 nm to 500 nm and substantially mimics the absorption spectrum of macular pigment. Such compounds are also photostable even when measured for changes / losses in absorption characteristics when exposed to conditions similar to those described in, for example, ICH Q1B. The compounds may exhibit high extinction coefficients at desired wavelengths within the range of 400 nm to 500 nm and may thus be used at low concentrations to provide their light absorption effects. Further, the compounds are thermally stable. The ophthalmic device incorporating the compounds described herein can improve the macular pigment optical density (MPOD) of the wearer. In addition, the device can mimic other visual benefits of macular pigment, such as improving the light stress recovery time and the visual acuity degradation glare contrast threshold and reducing visual discomfort. 【0007】 In addition to the compound that mimics the light absorption characteristics of macular pigment, the ophthalmic device described herein also contains a second light filtering compound. The second light filtering compound can filter other wavelengths within the visible spectrum, thereby providing additional visual benefits to the lens wearer. 【0008】 Accordingly, the ophthalmic device described herein can provide one or more benefits to the wearer, including but not limited to improved MPOD that may help prevent age-related macular degeneration; improved light stress recovery time; improved visual acuity degradation glare contrast threshold; reduced visual discomfort; improved color enhancement, and / or improved color perception. 【0009】 Thus, in one aspect, the present invention provides an ophthalmic device that is a free radical reaction product of a reactive mixture, the reactive mixture comprising one or more monomers suitable for making the ophthalmic device, and a first visible light filtering compound having a visible light absorption maximum in the range of 430 nm to 480 nm and a full width at half maximum (FWHM) of at least 35 nm and at most 150 nm at the visible light absorption maximum, the first visible light filtering compound being light stable and having a molar extinction coefficient of at least 7740 L·mol -1 .cm -1 and a second visible light filtering compound, and the ophthalmic device comprising, consisting essentially of, or consisting of the foregoing. 【0010】 In a further aspect, the present invention provides an ophthalmic device that is a free radical reaction product of a reactive mixture, the reactive mixture comprising one or more monomers suitable for making the ophthalmic device, and a first visible light filtering compound having a visible light absorption maximum in the range of 430 nm to 480 nm and a full width at half maximum (FWHM) of at least 35 nm and at most 150 nm at the visible light absorption maximum, the first visible light filtering compound being light stable and having a molar extinction coefficient of at least 7740 L·mol -1 ·cm -1 and a second visible light filtering compound comprising, consisting essentially of, or consisting of a mid - energy visible light filter having one or more visible light absorption maxima in the range of 550 nm to 660 nm, and the ophthalmic device comprising, consisting essentially of, or consisting of the foregoing. 【0011】 In yet another aspect, the present invention provides an ophthalmic device that is a free radical reaction product of a reactive mixture, the reactive mixture comprising one or more monomers suitable for making the ophthalmic device, and a first visible light filtering compound having a visible light absorption maximum in the range of 430 nm to 480 nm and a full width at half maximum (FWHM) of at least 35 nm and at most 150 nm at the visible light absorption maximum, the first visible light filtering compound being light stable and having a molar extinction coefficient of at least 7740 L·mol -1 ·cm -1A first visible light filtering compound having a molar extinction coefficient, and a high energy visible light filter that limits the transmittance of the device over a wavelength range of 400 nm to 409 nm to 0 percent to 70 percent, preferably 0.2 percent to 40 percent, and a second visible light filtering compound that comprises, consists essentially of, or consists of the first visible light filtering compound, and provides an ophthalmic device that comprises, consists essentially of, or consists of the second visible light filtering compound. 【0012】 In yet another aspect, the present invention is an ophthalmic device that is a free radical reaction product of a reactive mixture, the reactive mixture comprising one or more monomers suitable for making an ophthalmic device, and a first visible light filtering compound having a visible light absorption maximum at 430 nm to 480 nm and a full width at half maximum (FWHM) of at least 35 nm and at most 150 nm at the visible light absorption maximum, which is light stable and has a molar extinction coefficient of at least 7740 L·mol -1 ·cm -1 A first visible light filtering compound having a molar extinction coefficient, and a second visible light filtering compound that comprises, consists essentially of, or consists of a mixture of (a) a medium energy visible light filter having one or more visible light absorption maxima at 550 nm to 660 nm and (b) a high energy visible light filter that limits the transmittance of the device over a wavelength range of 400 nm to 409 nm to 0 percent to 70 percent, and provides an ophthalmic device that comprises, consists essentially of, or consists of the second visible light filtering compound. 【Brief Description of the Drawings】 【0013】 【Figure 1】 The UV-VIS absorption spectra of 0.1 mM methanol solutions of Compound A and Compound B of the present invention, overlaid on the spectrum of macular pigment in the literature, are shown. 【Figure 2】 The UV-VIS transmission spectrum of a contact lens prepared from Compound B is shown. 【Figure 3】 The UV-VIS transmission spectra of a contact lens prepared from Compound B before and after heat stress or light stress treatment are shown. 【Figure 4】 Shows the UV-VIS transmission spectra of the contact lenses from Examples 5, 6, and 7. 【Figure 5】 Shows the UV-VIS transmission spectrum of the contact lens from Example 8. 【Figure 6】 Shows the UV-VIS transmission spectrum of the contact lens from Example 9C 【Figure 7】 Shows the UV-VIS absorption spectra of Compound C and Compound D. 【Figure 8】 Shows the UV-VIS absorption spectrum of the compound of Example 11. 【Mode for Carrying Out the Invention】 【0014】 It should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the details of the structures or process steps described in the following description. The present invention can have other embodiments and can be practiced or implemented by various methods using the teachings herein. 【0015】 Regarding the terms used in this disclosure, the following definitions are provided. 【0016】 Unless otherwise defined, all scientific and technical terms used in this specification have the same meaning as commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which the present invention pertains. The definition of polymer is consistent with the definition disclosed in Compendium of Polymer Terminology and Nomenclature, IUPAC Recommendations 2008, edited by: Richard G. Jones, Jaroslav Kahovec, Robert Stepto, Edward S. Wilks, Michael Hess, Tatsuki Kitayama, and W. Val Metanomski. All publications, patent applications, patents, and other references mentioned in this specification are hereby incorporated by reference into this specification. 【0017】 As used herein, the term "(meth)" means an optional methyl substitution. Thus, terms such as "(meth)acrylate" mean both methacrylate and acrylate. 【0018】 Regardless of where the chemical structure is described, it should be understood that the alternative options disclosed for substituents in the structure may be combined in any combination. Thus, if a structure contains substituents R * and R ** and each of these contains a list of three possible groups, nine combinations are disclosed. The same applies to combinations of properties. 【0019】 When a subscript such as "n" in the general formula *** n is used to depict the number of repeating units in the chemical formula of a polymer, the formula should be interpreted as representing the number average molecular weight of the polymer. 【0020】 The term "individual" includes humans and vertebrates. 【0021】 The term "biomedical device" refers to any article designed to be used either in or on mammalian tissue or body fluids, preferably either in or on human tissue or body fluids. Examples of these devices include, but are not limited to, wound dressings, sealants, tissue fillers, drug delivery systems, coatings, anti-adhesion barriers, catheters, implants, stents, and ophthalmic devices such as intraocular lenses and contact lenses. A biomedical device can be an ophthalmic device, specifically a contact lens, most specifically a contact lens made from silicone hydrogel or a conventional hydrogel. 【0022】 ​The term "ocular surface" includes the surface and glandular epithelium of the cornea, conjunctiva, lacrimal gland, accessory lacrimal glands, nasolacrimal duct, and Meibomian glands, as well as their tips and basal matrices, puncta, and the eyelids that are connected as a functional system by innervation and both the endocrine and immune systems, including adjacent or related structures. 【0023】 The term "ophthalmic device" means any optical device related to the eye, including any optical device that is present in or on the eye or any part of the eye (including the ocular surface). These devices can provide optical correction, aesthetic improvement, vision enhancement, therapeutic effects (e.g., as a bandage), or delivery of active ingredients such as pharmaceutical and nutritional adjunct components, or any combination of the foregoing. Examples of ophthalmic devices include, but are not limited to, lenses, optics, and ocular inserts (including, but not limited to, punctal plugs). "Lenses" include spectacle lenses, sunglass lenses, soft contact lenses, hard contact lenses, hybrid contact lenses, intraocular lenses, and overlay lenses. Ophthalmic devices can include contact lenses. 【0024】 The term "contact lens" refers to an ophthalmic device that can be placed on the cornea of an individual's eye. Contact lenses can provide corrective, aesthetic, or therapeutic benefits, including wound healing, delivery of drugs or nutritional adjuncts, diagnostic evaluation or monitoring, ultraviolet light absorption, reduction of visible light or glare, or any combination of these. Contact lenses can be made of any suitable material known in the art and can be soft lenses, hard lenses, or hybrid lenses that include at least two distinct parts having different physical, mechanical, or optical properties, such as modulus of elasticity, water content, light transmission, or combinations thereof. 【0025】 Eyeglass lenses or sunglasses may be composed of, for example, mineral materials based on silicates, or may be made of organic materials such as polycarbonate, polyamide, polyimide, polysulfone, polyethylene terephthalate / polycarbonate copolymer, and various other materials well-known in the art. 【0026】 As used herein, the term "central zone" refers to the central portion of a contact lens and may encompass the pupil region of the lens. The central zone can have a diameter in the range of, for example, about 3 mm to about 12 mm, preferably about 5 mm to about 11 mm, more preferably about 7 mm to about 10 mm. The "peripheral zone" means the region of the contact lens that circumferentially surrounds the central zone of the lens. The peripheral zone can extend to the edge of the lens. 【0027】 The biomedical devices, ophthalmic devices, and lenses of the present invention can be composed of silicone hydrogel or conventional hydrogel. Silicone hydrogel typically contains at least one hydrophilic monomer and at least one silicone-containing component that are covalently bonded to each other within the cured device. 【0028】 "Target polymer" means a polymer synthesized from a reactive monomer mixture including monomers, macromers, prepolymers, crosslinking agents, initiators, additives, diluents, etc. 【0029】 The term "polymerizable compound" means a compound containing one or more polymerizable groups. This term encompasses, for example, monomers, macromers, oligomers, prepolymers, crosslinking agents, etc. 【0030】 A "polymerizable group" is a group capable of undergoing chain-growth polymerization, such as a carbon-carbon double bond that can polymerize when subjected to, for example, radical polymerization initiation conditions, such as free radical and / or cationic polymerization, preferably free radical polymerization. Non-limiting examples of polymerizable groups include (meth)acrylate groups, styryl groups, (meth)acrylamide groups, and vinyl groups. Preferably, the polymerizable group is selected from (meth)acrylate functional groups, (meth)acrylamide functional groups, N-vinyl lactam functional groups, N-vinyl amide functional groups, vinyl carbonate functional groups, vinyl ether functional groups, vinyl carbamate functional groups, and styryl functional groups. More preferably, the polymerizable group is selected from (meth)acrylate and (meth)acrylamide. The polymerizable group may be unsubstituted or substituted. For example, the nitrogen atom in (meth)acrylamide may be bonded to hydrogen, or hydrogen may be substituted by alkyl or cycloalkyl (which may itself be further substituted). 【0031】 Any type of free radical polymerization, including but not limited to bulk, solution, suspension, and emulsion, and any of the controlled radical polymerization methods, such as stable free radical polymerization, nitroxide-mediated living polymerization, atom transfer radical polymerization, reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer polymerization, organotellurium-mediated living radical polymerization, etc., can be used. 【0032】 A "monomer" is a monofunctional molecule that can undergo chain-growth polymerization, particularly free-radical polymerization, thereby creating repeating units within the chemical structure of the target polymer. Some monomers have bifunctional impurities that can act as crosslinking agents. A "hydrophilic monomer" is further a monomer that, when mixed with deionized water at a concentration of 5 weight percent at 25 °C, results in a clear single-phase solution. A "hydrophilic component" is a monomer, macromer, prepolymer, initiator, crosslinking agent, additive, or polymer that, when mixed with deionized water at a concentration of 5 weight percent at 25 °C, results in a clear single-phase solution. A "hydrophobic component" is a monomer, macromer, prepolymer, initiator, crosslinking agent, additive, or polymer that is slightly soluble or insoluble in deionized water at 25 °C. 【0033】 A "polymer" is an organic compound having a number-average molecular weight greater than 1500 and can be either reactive or non-reactive. 【0034】 A "macromonomer" or "macromer" is a polymer having one group that undergoes chain-growth polymerization, particularly free-radical polymerization, thereby creating repeating units within the chemical structure of the target polymer. Generally, the chemical structure of a macromer is different from that of the target polymer, i.e., the repeating units of the pendant groups of the macromer are different from those of the target polymer or its main-chain repeating units. The difference between a monomer and a macromer is only one of the chemical structure, molecular weight, and molecular weight distribution of the pendant group. As a result, and as used herein, patent literature may define a monomer as a polymerizable compound having a relatively low molecular weight of about 1,500 Daltons or less, which essentially includes some macromers. Specifically, monomethacryloxypropyl-terminated mono-n-butyl-terminated polydimethylsiloxane (molecular weight = 500 - 1500 g / mol) (mPDMS) and mono-(2-hydroxy-3-methacryloxypropyl)-propyl ether-terminated mono-n-butyl-terminated polydimethylsiloxane (molecular weight = 500 - 1500 g / mol) (OH-mPDMS) may be referred to as monomers or macromers. Further, patent literature may define a macromer as having one or more polymerizable groups, essentially expanding the general definition of a macromer to include prepolymers. As a result, and as used herein, difunctional and polyfunctional macromers, prepolymers, and crosslinking agents may be used interchangeably. 【0035】 A "silicone-containing component" is typically a monomer, macromer, prepolymer, crosslinking agent, initiator, additive, or polymer in a reactive mixture having at least one silicon-oxygen bond in the form of a siloxy group, siloxane group, carbosiloxane group, and mixtures thereof. 【0036】 Examples of silicone-containing components useful in the present invention can be found in U.S. Patent Nos. 3,808,178; 4,120,570; 4,136,250; 4,153,641; 4,740,533; 5,034,461; 5,070,215; 5,244,981; 5,314,960; 5,331,067; 5,371,147; 5,760,100; 5,849,811; 5,962,548; 5,965,631; 5,998,498; 6,367,929; 6,822,016; 6,943,203; 6,951,894; 7,052,131; 7,247,692; 7,396,890; 7,461,937; 7,468,398; 7,538,146; 7,553,880; 7,572,841; 7,666,921; 7,691,916; 7,786,185; 7,825,170; 7,915,323; 7,994,356; 8,022,158; 8,163,206; 8,273,802; 8,399,538; 8,415,404; 8,420,711; 8,450,387; 8,487,058; 8,568,626; 8,937,110; 8,937,111; 8,940,812; 8,980,972; 9,056,878; 9,125,808; 9,140,825; 9,156,934; 9,170,349; 9,217,813; 9,244,196; 9,244,197; 9,260,544; 9,297,928; 9,297,929; and European Patent No. 080539. These patents are hereby incorporated by reference in their entirety into this specification. 【0037】 A "polymer" is a target macromolecule composed of repeating units of monomers used during polymerization. 【0038】 A "homopolymer" is a polymer made from one monomer, a "copolymer" is a polymer made from two or more monomers, and a "terpolymer" is a polymer made from three monomers. A "block copolymer" consists of blocks or segments that differ in composition. A diblock copolymer has two blocks. A triblock copolymer has three blocks. A "comb-shaped or graft copolymer" is made from at least one macromer. 【0039】 A "repeating unit" is the smallest group of atoms in a polymer that corresponds to the polymerization of a specific monomer or macromer. 【0040】 An "initiator" is a molecule that can decompose into radicals that can subsequently react with monomers to initiate a free radical polymerization reaction. A thermal initiator decomposes at a specific rate depending on temperature, and typical examples are azo compounds such as 1,1'-azobisisobutyronitrile and 4,4'-azobis(4-cyanovaleric acid), peroxides such as benzoyl peroxide, tert-butyl peroxide, tert-butyl hydroperoxide, tert-butyl peroxybenzoate, dicumyl peroxide, and lauroyl peroxide, peracids such as peracetic acid and potassium persulfate, and various redox systems. A photoinitiator decomposes by a photochemical process, and typical examples are derivatives of benzyl, benzoin, acetophenone, benzophenone, camphorquinone, and mixtures thereof, as well as various monoacyl and bisacylphosphine oxides, and combinations thereof. 【0041】 A "crosslinking agent" is a difunctional or polyfunctional monomer or macromer that can undergo free radical polymerization at two or more positions on the molecule, thereby creating branch points and a polymer network. General examples are ethylene glycol dimethacrylate, tetraethylene glycol dimethacrylate, trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate, methylenebisacrylamide, triallyl cyanurate, etc. 【0042】 A "prepolymer" is a reaction product of monomers containing remaining polymerizable groups that can further react to form a polymer. 【0043】 A "polymer network" is a crosslinked polymer that can swell but is insoluble in a solvent. A "hydrogel" is a polymer network that swells in water or an aqueous solution, typically while absorbing at least 10 weight percent of water. A "silicone hydrogel" is a hydrogel made from at least one silicone-containing component together with at least one hydrophilic component. The hydrophilic component may further include a non-reactive polymer. 【0044】 A "conventional hydrogel" refers to a polymer network made from components that do not have any siloxy, siloxane, or carbosiloxane groups. Conventional hydrogels are prepared from a reactive mixture containing hydrophilic monomers. Examples include 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate ("HEMA"), N-vinylpyrrolidone ("NVP"), N,N-dimethylacrylamide ("DMA"), or vinyl acetate. U.S. Patent Nos. 4,436,887, 4,495,313, 4,889,664, 5,006,622, 5,039,459, 5,236,969, 5,270,418, 5,298,533, 5,824,719, 6,420,453, 6,423,761, 6,767,979, 7,934,830, 8,138,290, and 8,389,597 disclose the formation of conventional hydrogels. Commercially available conventional hydrogels include, but are not limited to, etafilcon, genfilcon, hilafilcon, lenefilcon, nesofilcon, omafilcon, polymacon, and vifilcon (including all variations thereof). 【0045】 "Silicone hydrogel" refers to a polymer network made from at least one hydrophilic component and at least one silicone-containing component. Examples of suitable families of hydrophilic components that may be present in the reactive mixture include (meth)acrylates, styrenes, vinyl ethers, (meth)acrylamides, N-vinyl lactams, N-vinyl amides, N-vinyl imides, N-vinyl ureas, O-vinyl carbamates, O-vinyl carbonates, other hydrophilic vinyl compounds, and mixtures thereof. Silicone-containing components are well-known and widely described in the patent literature. For example, a silicone-containing component may include at least one polymerizable group (e.g., (meth)acrylate, styryl, vinyl ether, (meth)acrylamide, N-vinyl lactam, N-vinyl amide, O-vinyl carbamate, O-vinyl carbonate, vinyl group, or a mixture of the foregoing), at least one siloxane group, and one or more linking groups (which may be chemical bonds) connecting the polymerizable group to the siloxane group. The silicone-containing component may contain, for example, from 1 to 220 siloxane repeating units. The silicone-containing component may further contain at least one fluorine atom. A silicone hydrogel lens may include a coating, and the coating may be the same or a different material than the substrate. 【0046】 Examples of silicone hydrogels include, in addition to acquafilcon, asmofilcon, balafilcon, comfilcon, delefilcon, lehfilcon, serafilcon, enfilcon, fanfilcon, formofilcon, galyfilcon, lotrafilcon, narafilcon, riofilcon, samfilcon, senofilcon, somofilcon, and stenfilcon (including all variations thereof), U.S. Patent Nos. 4,659,782, 4,659,783, 5,244,981, 5,314,960, 5,331,067, 5,371,147, 5,998,498, 6,087,415, 5,760,100, 5,776,999, 5,789,461, 5,849,811, 5,965,631, 6,367,929, 6,822,016, 6,867,245, 6,943,203, 7,247,692, 7,249,848, 7,553,880, 7,666,921, 7,786,185, 7,956,131, 8,022,158, 8,273,802, 8,399,538, 8,470,906, 8,450,387, 8,487,058, 8,507,577, 8,637,621, 8,703,891, 8,937,110, 8,937,111, 8,940,812, 9,056,878, 9,057,821, 9,125,808, 9,140,825, 9156,934, 9,170,349, 9,244,196, 9,244,197, 9,260,544, 9,297,928, 9,297,Examples include silicone hydrogels prepared as described in U.S. Patent No. 929, International Publication Nos. WO 03 / 22321, WO 2008 / 061992, and U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2010 / 0048847. These patents are hereby incorporated by reference in their entirety., 【0047】 An "interpenetrating polymer network" includes two or more networks that are at least partially entangled at the molecular scale but are not covalently bonded to each other and cannot be separated without breaking chemical bonds. A "semi-interpenetrating polymer network" includes one or more networks and one or more polymers characterized by some mixing at the molecular level between at least one network and at least one polymer. A mixture of different polymers is a "polymer blend". A semi-interpenetrating network is technically a polymer blend, but in some cases, the polymers are entangled in such a way that they cannot be easily removed., 【0048】 A "reactive component" is a polymerizable compound (such as a monomer, macromer, oligomer, prepolymer, and crosslinking agent, etc.) in a reactive mixture (defined below), and likewise, any other component in the reactive mixture that is intended to substantially remain in the resulting polymer network after polymerization and completion of all work-up steps (such as extraction steps) and packaging steps. A reactive component can be retained within the polymer network by covalent bonding, hydrogen bonding, electrostatic interaction, formation of an interpenetrating polymer network, or any other means. Components intended to be released from the polymer network during use are still considered "reactive components". For example, pharmaceutical or nutritional supplement components in a contact lens intended to be released during wear are considered "reactive components". Components intended to be removed from the polymer network during the manufacturing process (such as by extraction), such as diluents, are not "reactive components". 【0049】 The terms "reactive mixture" and "reactive monomer mixture" refer to mixtures of components that, when mixed together and subjected to polymerization conditions, result in the formation of a polymer network (conventional or silicone hydrogel, etc.), and biomedical devices, ophthalmic devices, and contact lenses made therefrom. The reactive mixture can include reactive components such as monomers, macromers, prepolymers, crosslinking agents, and initiators, wetting agents, polymers, light-absorbing compounds such as dyes, UV absorbers, pigments, dyes, and photochromic compounds, and additives such as pharmaceutical compounds and nutraceutical compounds (all of which can be either polymerizable or non-polymerizable but are capable of being retained within the resulting biomedical device (e.g., contact lens)). The reactive mixture can also contain other components that are intended to be removed from the device prior to use, such as diluents. It is understood that a wide range of additives can be added depending on the contact lens being manufactured and its intended use. The concentration of the components of the reactive mixture is expressed as a weight percentage of all the reactive components in the reactive mixture. When diluents are used, their concentration is expressed as a weight percentage based on the amount of all the components (including diluents) in the reactive mixture. 【0050】 The term "residue" as used in connection with a compound or monomer means a moiety from such a compound or monomer that is incorporated into at least a portion of the polymer network after polymerization of the reactive monomer mixture. 【0051】 The term "silicone hydrogel contact lens" refers to a hydrogel contact lens made from at least one silicone-containing compound. Silicone hydrogel contact lenses generally have increased oxygen permeability compared to conventional hydrogels. Silicone hydrogel contact lenses function to deliver oxygen to the eye through both their water content and polymer content. 【0052】 The term "polyfunctional" refers to a component having two or more polymerizable groups. The term "monofunctional" refers to a component having one polymerizable group. 【0053】 The term "halogen" or "halo" refers to fluorine, chlorine, bromine, and iodine. 【0054】 "Alkyl" refers to an optionally substituted straight-chain or branched-chain alkyl group containing the indicated number of carbon atoms. When no number is indicated, alkyl (including any optional substituents on the alkyl) may contain from 1 to 16 carbon atoms. Preferably, the alkyl group contains from 1 to 10 carbon atoms, alternatively from 1 to 8 carbon atoms, alternatively from 1 to 6 carbon atoms, or alternatively from 1 to 4 carbon atoms. Examples of alkyl include methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, iso-, sec- and tert-butyl, pentyl, hexyl, heptyl, 3-ethylbutyl, and the like. Examples of substituents on the alkyl include hydroxy, amino, amide, oxa, carboxy, alkylcarboxy, carbonyl, alkoxy, thioalkyl, carbamate, carbonate, halogen, phenyl, benzyl, and one, two, or three groups independently selected from combinations thereof. "Alkylene" means a divalent alkyl group, for example, -CH2-, -CH2CH2-, -CH2CH2CH2-, -CH2CH(CH3)CH2-, and -CH2CH2CH2CH2-. 【0055】 "Haloalkyl" refers to an alkyl group as defined above substituted by one or more halogen atoms, each halogen being independently F, Cl, Br, or I. A preferred halogen is F. Preferred haloalkyl groups contain from 1 to 6 carbons, more preferably from 1 to 4 carbons, and even more preferably from 1 to 2 carbons. "Haloalkyl" includes perhaloalkyl groups such as -CF3- or -CF2CF3-. "Haloalkylene" means a divalent haloalkyl group such as -CH2CF2-. 【0056】 "Cycloalkyl" refers to an optionally substituted cyclic hydrocarbon containing the indicated number of ring carbon atoms. If no number is indicated, cycloalkyl may contain 3 to 12 ring carbon atoms. Preferably a C3-C8 cycloalkyl group, C3-C7 cycloalkyl, more preferably C4-C7 cycloalkyl, even more preferably C5-C6 cycloalkyl. Examples of cycloalkyl include cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl, and cyclooctyl. Examples of substituents on cycloalkyl include one, two, or three groups independently selected from alkyl, hydroxy, amino, amide, oxa, carbonyl, alkoxy, thioalkyl, amide, carbamate, carbonate, halo, phenyl, benzyl, and combinations thereof. "Cycloalkylene" means a divalent cycloalkyl group such as 1,2-cyclohexylene, 1,3-cyclohexylene, or 1,4-cyclohexylene. 【0057】 "Heterocycloalkyl" refers to a cycloalkyl ring or ring system as defined above in which at least one ring carbon is substituted by a heteroatom selected from nitrogen, oxygen, and sulfur. The heterocycloalkyl ring is optionally fused to or otherwise bonded to another heterocycloalkyl ring and / or a non-aromatic hydrocarbon ring and / or a phenyl ring. Preferred heterocycloalkyl groups have 5 to 7 members. More preferred heterocycloalkyl groups have 5 or 6 members. Heterocycloalkylene means a divalent heterocycloalkyl group. 【0058】 "Aryl" refers to an optionally substituted aromatic hydrocarbon ring system containing at least one aromatic ring. An aryl group contains the indicated number of ring carbon atoms. When no number is indicated, aryl may contain 6 to 14 ring carbon atoms. The aromatic ring may optionally be fused to another aromatic hydrocarbon ring or non-aromatic hydrocarbon ring, or otherwise bonded. Examples of aryl groups include phenyl, naphthyl, and biphenyl. A preferred example of an aryl group is phenyl. Examples of substituents on aryl include one, two, or three groups independently selected from alkyl, hydroxy, amino, amide, oxa, carboxy, alkylcarboxy, carbonyl, alkoxy, thioalkyl, carbamate, carbonate, halo, phenyl, benzyl, and combinations thereof. "Arylene" means a divalent aryl group, for example, 1,2-phenylene, 1,3-phenylene, or 1,4-phenylene. 【0059】 "Heteroaryl" refers to an aryl ring or ring system in which at least one ring carbon atom is replaced by a heteroatom selected from nitrogen, oxygen, and sulfur, as defined above. The heteroaryl ring may optionally be fused to one or more heteroaryl rings, aromatic or non-aromatic hydrocarbon rings, or heterocycloalkyl rings, or otherwise bonded. Examples of heteroaryl groups include pyridyl, furyl, and thienyl. "Heteroarylene" means a divalent heteroaryl group. 【0060】 "Alkoxy" refers to an alkyl group bonded to the parent molecular moiety via an oxygen bridge. Examples of alkoxy groups include, for example, methoxy, ethoxy, propoxy, and isopropoxy. "Thioalkyl" means an alkyl group bonded to the parent molecule via a sulfur bridge. Examples of thioalkyl groups include, for example, methylthio, ethylthio, n-propylthio, and isopropylthio. "Aryloxy" refers to an aryl group bonded to the parent molecular moiety via an oxygen bridge. An example is phenoxy. "Cyclic alkoxy" means a cycloalkyl group bonded to the parent moiety via an oxygen bridge. 【0061】 "Alkylamine" refers to an alkyl group bonded to the parent molecular moiety via an -NH bridge. Alkyleneamine means a divalent alkylamine group such as -CH2CH2NH-. 【0062】 "Siloxanyl" refers to a structure having at least one Si-O-Si bond. Thus, for example, a siloxanyl group means a group having at least one Si-O-Si group (i.e., a siloxane group), and a siloxanyl compound means a compound having at least one Si-O-Si group. "Siloxanyl" encompasses monomers (e.g., Si-O-Si) as well as oligomer / polymer structures (e.g., -[Si-O] n - where n is 2 or greater). Each silicon atom in the siloxanyl group is independently substituted by an R A group (R A is as defined by options (b) to (i) of formula A). 【0063】 "Silyl" refers to a structure of the formula R3Si-, and "siloxy" refers to a structure of the formula R3Si-O-, where each R in silyl or siloxy is independently selected from trimethylsiloxy, C1-C8 alkyl (preferably C1-C3 alkyl, more preferably ethyl or methyl), and C3-C8 cycloalkyl. 【0064】 "Alkyleneoxy" refers to a group of the general formula -(alkylene - O -) p - or -(O - alkylene) p - where alkylene is as defined above, p is 1 to 200, or 1 to 100, or 1 to 50, or 1 to 25, or 1 to 20, or 1 to 10, and each alkylene is independently optionally substituted by one or more groups independently selected from hydroxyl, halo (e.g., fluoro), amino, amide, ether, carbonyl, carboxyl, and combinations thereof. When p is greater than 1, each alkylene may be the same or different, and the alkyleneoxy may have a block or random configuration. When the alkyleneoxy forms a terminal group in the molecule, the terminal of the alkyleneoxy may be, for example, hydroxy or alkoxy (e.g., HO - [CH2CH2O] p - or CH3O - [CH2CH2O] p -). Examples of alkyleneoxy include polyethyleneoxy, polypropyleneoxy, polybutyleneoxy, and poly(ethyleneoxy - co - propyleneoxy). 【0065】 "Oxaalkylene" refers to an alkylene group as defined above, such as -CH2CH2OCH(CH3)CH2-, in which one or more non - adjacent CH2 groups are substituted by oxygen atoms. "Thiaalkylene" refers to an alkylene group as defined above, such as -CH2CH2SCH(CH3)CH2-, in which one or more non - adjacent CH2 groups are substituted by sulfur atoms. 【0066】 The term "linking group" refers to the moiety that connects the polymerizable group to the parent molecule. The linking group can be any moiety that is compatible with the compound of which it is a part, does not undesirably interfere with the polymerization of the compound, and is stable under the polymerization conditions and, further, the conditions of processing and storage of the final product. For example, the linking group can be a bond or can include one or more of alkylene, haloalkylene, amide, amine, alkyleneamine, carbamate, ester (-CO2-), arylene, heteroarylene, cycloalkylene, heterocycloalkylene, alkyleneoxy, oxaalkylene, thiaalkylene, haloalkyleneoxy (alkyleneoxy substituted by one or more halo groups, e.g., -OCF2-, -OCF2CF2-, -OCF2CH2-), siloxanyl, alkylenesiloxanyl, or combinations thereof. The linking group may optionally be substituted by one or more substituents. Suitable substituents can include those independently selected from alkyl, halo (e.g., fluoro), hydroxyl, HO-alkyleneoxy, MeO-alkyleneoxy, siloxanyl, siloxy, siloxy-alkyleneoxy-, siloxy-alkylene-alkyleneoxy- (wherein two or more alkyleneoxy groups may be present and each methylene in the alkylene and alkyleneoxy is independently optionally substituted by hydroxyl), ether, amine, carbonyl, carbamate, and combinations thereof. The linking group can also be substituted by a polymerizable group such as (meth)acrylate (in addition to the polymerizable group to which the linking group is attached). 【0067】 Preferred linking groups include C1-C8 alkylene (preferably C2-C6 alkylene), C1-C8 oxaalkylene (preferably C2-C6 oxaalkylene), C1-C8 thiaalkylene, C1-C8 alkylene-carboxylate-C1-C8 alkylene, C1-C8 alkylene-amide-C1-C8 alkylene, and C1-C8 alkylene-amine-C1-C8 alkylene, each of which is optionally substituted by one or two groups independently selected from hydroxyl and siloxy. 【0068】 When the linking group consists of a combination of the above-described moieties (e.g., alkylene and cycloalkylene), the moieties may be present in any order. For example, in the following formula A, when L is shown to be -alkylene-cycloalkylene-, Rg-L can be either Rg-alkylene-cycloalkylene- or Rg-cycloalkylene-alkylene-. Nevertheless, the listed order represents the preferred order in which the moieties appear in the compound, starting from the terminal polymerizable group (Rg or Pg) to which the linking group is attached. For example, in formula A, when L is shown to be alkylene-cycloalkylene, Rg-L is preferably Rg-alkylene-cycloalkylene-. 【0069】 The term "electron withdrawing group" (EWG) refers to a chemical group that withdraws electron density from the atom or group of atoms to which the electron withdrawing group is attached. Examples of EWGs include, but are not limited to, cyano, amide, ester, keto, or aldehyde. A preferred EWG is cyano (CN). 【0070】 The term "visible light absorbing compound" means a chemical substance that absorbs light within the visible spectrum (e.g., in the range of 380 to 760 nm). "High energy radiation absorber", "UV / HEV absorber" or "high energy light absorbing compound" are chemical substances that absorb ultraviolet light, high energy visible light, or both, at various wavelengths. The term "mid-energy visible light" means a wavelength range of about 460 nm to about 660 nm. The ability of a material to absorb light at a specific wavelength can be determined by measuring its UV / Vis transmission spectrum or absorption spectrum. 【0071】 As used herein, when the amount of light transmittance of a device or material is shown as a percentage over a specific wavelength range, it should be understood that the device or material exhibits a percent transmittance at all wavelengths over that range. 【0072】 When the compounds described in this specification contain an olefin double bond or other geometrically asymmetric centers and are not otherwise specified, the compounds are intended to include cis, trans, Z-, and E-configurations. Similarly, all tautomers and salt forms are also intended to be included. 【0073】 The term "optional substituent" means that the underlying hydrogen atom is optionally substituted by a substituent. Any substituent that is sterically practical and synthetically feasible at the substitution site can be used. Identification of suitable optional substituents is within the ability of those skilled in the art. Examples of "optional substituents" include, but are not limited to, C1-C6 alkyl, C1-C6 alkoxy, C1-C6 thioalkyl, C3-C7 cycloalkyl, aryl, halo, hydroxy, amino, NR 4 R 5 , benzyl, SO3H, SO3Na, or -Y-P g wherein R 4 and R 5 are independently H or C1-C6 alkyl, Y is a linking group, and P g is a polymerizable group. The foregoing substituents can be optionally substituted by an optional substituent (which is preferably not further substituted unless otherwise indicated). For example, alkyl can be substituted by halo (e.g., resulting in CF3). 【0074】 "Visible light absorption maximum" refers to one or more wavelengths within the visible light range (380 - 760 nm) where an absorbance peak exists. The material may exhibit multiple absorbance peaks within the visible light range, in which case the material has multiple visible light absorption maxima. For a material showing multiple visible light absorption maxima, the peak showing the maximum absorbance among the multiple absorption maxima within the visible light range is called the "visible light absorption maximum". These definitions include materials showing an overall absorption maximum outside the visible light range, such as in the UV region. 【0075】 The terms "photostable", "photostability", or similar expressions mean that a compound (which may optionally be embedded in an ophthalmic device such as a hydrogel contact lens and optionally measured either inside or outside a blister pack or vial, when measured) has a loss of absorbance at the maximum of visible light absorption after exposure to light of 20 percent or less under conditions such as those of the Photostability Testing of New Drug Substances and Products (published November 1996) of Q1B of the Technical Requirements for Registration of Pharmaceuticals for Human Use guideline of the International Conference on Harmonisation (ICH). Preferably, the exposure is carried out under the ICH photostability guideline, with an estimated illuminance exposure of 1.5192×10 6 lux hours (exposure time of 168.8 hours) and an estimated ultraviolet irradiation exposure of 259.4 watt hours / m 2 using an Option 2 light source, preferably in a photostability chamber controlled at 25 °C / ambient relative humidity. After exposure, the ultraviolet / visible spectrum of the sample is collected and compared with the spectrum of the sample before exposure. The change is calculated relative to the maximum of visible light absorption of the lens observed before exposure. As an example, if the absorbance at the maximum of visible light absorption before exposure is 4 absorbance units and 2 absorbance units after exposure, the loss of absorbance is 50 percent. In the present invention, the loss of absorbance after light exposure is preferably 15 percent or less, or 10 percent or less, or 7 percent or less, or 5 percent or less, or 4 percent or less, or 3 percent or less, or 2 percent or less, or 1 percent or less, or 0.5 percent or less, or 0.1 percent or less. 【0076】 The term "more photo-stable than macular pigment" or similar expressions mean that a compound (which may optionally be embedded in an ophthalmic device such as a hydrogel contact lens and optionally measured either inside or outside a blister pack when tested) shows less loss of absorbance at the maximum of visible light absorption than that observed with macular pigment after exposure to light under the ICH photo-stability guidelines as described above. 【0077】 The term "full width at half maximum (FWHM)" means the width of the absorbance peak at half of its maximum luminance. 【0078】 The term "thermally stable", "thermal stability", or similar expressions mean that a compound (which may optionally be embedded in an ophthalmic device such as a hydrogel contact lens and optionally measured either inside or outside a blister pack or vial when measured) shows a loss of absorbance of 20 percent or less at the maximum of visible light absorption after being exposed in a stability chamber at 89 °C for one month. After exposure, the ultraviolet / visible spectrum of the sample is collected and compared to the spectrum of the sample before exposure. The change is calculated relative to the maximum of visible light absorption of the lens observed before exposure. As an example, if the absorbance at the maximum of visible light absorption before exposure is 4 absorbance units and 2 absorbance units after exposure, the loss of absorbance is 50 percent. In the present invention, the loss of absorbance after thermal exposure is preferably 20 percent or less, 15 percent or less, or 12 percent or less, or 10 percent or less, or 5 percent or less, or 4 percent or less, or 3 percent or less, or 2 percent or less, or 1 percent or less, or 0.5 percent or less, or 0.1 percent or less. 【0079】 The term "more thermally stable than macular pigment" or similar expressions mean that a compound (which may optionally be embedded in an ophthalmic device such as a hydrogel contact lens and optionally measured either inside or outside a blister pack when tested) shows less loss of absorbance at the visible light absorption maximum after exposure to thermal exposure as described above than is observed with macular pigment. 【0080】 Unless otherwise stated, ratios, percentages, parts, etc. are by weight. 【0081】 Unless otherwise indicated, numerical ranges such as, for example, "2 to 10 (from 2 to 10)" or "between 2 and 10" include the numbers defining the range (e.g., 2 and 10). 【0082】 As described above, in one aspect, the present invention provides an ophthalmic device that is a free radical reaction product of a reactive mixture containing a first visible light filtering compound and a second visible light filtering compound. The first visible light filtering compound for use in the present invention substantially mimics the visible light absorption characteristics of macular pigment. However, since these compounds are more photo-stable than macular pigment, unlike macular pigment, they can be used in the manufacture of ophthalmic devices. 【0083】 Accordingly, the first visible light filtering compound of the present invention may have a visible light absorption maximum of 430 nm to 480 nm and a full width at half maximum (FWHM) of at least 35 nm and at most 150 nm at the visible light absorption maximum. The compound may be photo-stable (e.g., when measured according to ICH guideline Q1B). The compound may be more photo-stable than macular pigment. 【0084】 The first visible light filtering compound may have a visible light absorption maximum of 440 nm to 480 nm, or 450 nm to 475 nm, or 455 nm to 475 nm, or 460 nm to 470 nm. 【0085】 The first visible light filtering compound may exhibit a FWHM of at least 35 nm, or at least 40 nm, or at least 45 nm, or at least 55 nm, or at least 60 nm at the visible light absorption maximum. The first visible light filtering compound may exhibit a FWHM of up to 125 nm, up to 100 nm, up to 95 nm, up to 90 nm, up to 85 nm, or up to 80 nm, or up to 75 nm, or up to 70 nm at the visible light absorption maximum. The FWHM at the visible light absorption maximum of the first visible light filtering compound may be in the range of 35 nm to 150 nm, 35 nm to 100 nm, 45 nm to 90 nm, 55 nm to 80 nm, or 60 nm to 75 nm, or 60 nm to 70 nm, or 62 nm to 67 nm. 【0086】 The first visible light filtering compound of the present invention may exhibit a molar extinction coefficient of at least 5000, or at least 5500, or at least 6000, or at least 6500, or at least 7000, or at least 7500, or at least 7740, or at least 7800, or at least 8000, or at least 9000, or at least 10,000, or at least 11,000, or at least 12,000, or at least 12,500 at the visible light absorption maximum. The molar extinction coefficient is a characteristic inherent to the material and can be calculated from absorbance data using Lambert-Beer's law. The unit is typically L·mol -1 ·cm -1 -1. 【0087】 The first visible light filtering compound of the present invention has the formula I: 【0088】 【Chemical formula】 and may be a compound of wherein m and n are independently 0, 1, 2, 3, or 4, and T is a bond, O, or NR 6 wherein R 6is H, C1-C6 alkyl, cycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, or Y-P g wherein R is H, C1-C8 alkyl, cycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl, or heteroaryl, Y is a linking group, and P g is a polymerizable group, and R 1 and R 2 when present, are each independently, when they occur, C1-C6 alkyl, C1-C6 alkoxy, C1-C6 thioalkyl, C3-C7 cycloalkyl, aryl (preferably unsubstituted phenyl or phenyl substituted by alkyl or halo), halo, hydroxy, amino, NR 3 R 4 benzyl, SO3H, or SO3M (where M is a monovalent cation such as sodium or potassium)), and further, R 3 and R 4 are independently H or C1-C6 alkyl, or two adjacent R 1 or R 2 groups together with the carbon atom to which they are attached form a cycloalkyl or aryl ring, and EWG is an electron-withdrawing group. 【0089】 The compound of formula I preferably contains one or two Y-P g groups. More preferably, the compound contains one Y-P g group. 【0090】 The compound of formula I may include a compound of formula I-1 which is a compound of formula I, wherein m and n are independently 0 or 1, or both are 0. 【0091】 The compounds of formula I and I-1 may include a compound of formula I-2 which is a compound of formula I or I-1, wherein n is 0 and m is 1. 【0092】 The compounds of formula I, I-1 and I-2 may include a compound of formula I-3 which is a compound of formula I, I-1 or I-2, wherein n is 0, m is 1, and R 1is C1-C6 alkyl or C1-C6 alkoxy. 【0093】 The compounds of formulas I, I-1, I-2, and I-3 may include a compound of formula I-4 which is a compound of formula I, I-1, I-2, or I-3, wherein R is H or C1-C8 alkyl. Preferably, R is C1-C6 alkyl. 【0094】 The compounds of formulas I, I-1, I-2, I-3, and I-4 may include a compound of formula I-5 which is a compound of formula I, I-1, I-2, I-3, or I-4, wherein T is NR 6 and R 6 is H or C1-C6 alkyl. Preferably, R 6 is H. 【0095】 The compounds of formulas I, I-1, I-2, I-3, I-4, and I-5 may include a compound of formula I-6 which is a compound of formula I, I-1, I-2, I-3, I-4, or I-5, wherein P g (polymerizable group) is, independently for each occurrence, styryl, vinyl carbonate, vinyl ether, vinyl carbamate, N-vinyl lactam, N-vinyl amide, (meth)acrylate, or (meth)acrylamide. Due to the polymerizable group, the compounds of the present invention are capable of forming covalent bonds when reacted with monomers, crosslinking agents, and other components commonly used in the preparation of polymer devices. The compatibility between the compound and the reactive mixture can be controlled by the selection of the polymerizable group (and the linking group). Preferred polymerizable groups include (meth)acrylate or (meth)acrylamide. A more preferred polymerizable group is methacrylate. 【0096】 The compounds of formula I, I-1, I-2, I-3, I-4, I-5 and I-6 may include a compound of formula I-7 which is a compound of formula I, I-1, I-2, I-3, I-4, I-5 and I-6, wherein Y (linking group) is alkylene, cycloalkylene, heterocycloalkylene, arylene (e.g., phenylene), heteroarylene, oxaalkylene, alkylene-amido-alkylene, alkylene-amine-alkylene, or any combination of the foregoing groups. Preferred linking groups include C1-C8 alkylene (e.g., ethylene or propylene), C1-C8 oxaalkylene, C1-C8 alkylene-amido-C1-C8 alkylene, and C1-C8 alkylene-amine-C1-C8 alkylene. Particularly preferred is C1-C8 alkylene, especially ethylene (-CH2CH2-). When T in the compound of formula I is O, it is preferred that the carbon atom of the linking group to which O is attached is hindered. For example, when T is O and Y is alkylene, a preferred alkylene is -C(R H )2(CH2) x -, where R H is independently C1-C6 alkyl (preferably independently methyl or ethyl), and x is from 1 to 5. 【0097】 The compounds of formula I, I-1, I-2, I-3, I-4, I-5, I-6 and I-7 may include a compound of formula I-8 which is a compound of formula I, I-1, I-2, I-3, I-4, I-5, I-6 or I-7, wherein T is a bond or NR 6 (preferably NH). 【0098】 The compounds of formula I, I-1, I-2, I-3, I-4, I-5, I-6, I-7 and I-8 may include a compound of formula I-9 which is a compound of formula I, I-1, I-2, I-3, I-4, I-5, I-6, I-7 or I-8, wherein EWG is cyano, amide, ester, keto, or aldehyde. Preferably, EWG is cyano. 【0099】 The first visible light filtering compound of the present invention has the formula I-A: 【0100】 【Chem.】 It may also be a compound of wherein T is a bond, O, or NR 6 and here, R 6 is H, C1-C6 alkyl, cycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl, or heteroaryl, R is H, C1-C8 alkyl, cycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl, or heteroaryl, Y is a linking group, P g is a polymerizable group, R 7 is H, C1-C6 alkyl, C1-C6 alkoxy, C1-C6 thioalkyl, C3-C7 cycloalkyl, aryl (preferably unsubstituted phenyl, or phenyl substituted by alkyl or halo), halo, hydroxy, amino, NR 3 R 4 、benzyl, SO3H, or SO3M (M is a monovalent cation such as sodium or potassium), and here, R 3 and R 4 are independently H or C1-C6 alkyl, EWG is an electron-withdrawing group. 【0101】 The compound of formula I-A may include a compound of formula I-A-1 which is a compound of formula I-A, wherein R 7 is H. 【0102】 The compound of formula I-A may include a compound of formula I-A-2 which is a compound of formula I-A, wherein R 7 is C1-C6 alkyl, C1-C6 alkoxy or C1-C6 thioalkyl. 【0103】 The compounds of formula I-A and I-A-2 may include a compound of formula I-A-3 which is a compound of formula I-A or I-A-2, wherein R 7It is a C1-C6 alkoxy such as ethoxy or methoxy, preferably methoxy. 【0104】 The compounds of formula I-A, I-A-1, I-A-2 and I-A-3 may include a compound of formula I-A-4 which is a compound of formula I-A, I-A-1, I-A-2 or I-A-3, wherein R is H or C1-C8 alkyl. Preferably, R is C1-C6 alkyl, such as methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, iso-propyl, n-butyl, t-butyl, or sec-butyl. Preferably, R is n-propyl or n-butyl. 【0105】 The compounds of formula I-A, I-A-1, I-A-2, I-A-3 and I-A-4 may include a compound of formula I-A-5 which is a compound of formula I-A, I-A-1, I-A-2, I-A-3 or I-A-4, wherein T is NR 6 and R 6 is H or C1-C6 alkyl. Preferably, R 6 is H. 【0106】 The compounds of formula I-A, I-A-1, I-A-2, I-A-3, I-A-4 and I-A-5 may include a compound of formula I-A-6 which is a compound of formula I-A, I-A-1, I-A-2, I-A-3, I-A-4 or I-A-5, wherein P g (polymerizable group) is, independently each time it appears, styryl, vinyl carbonate, vinyl ether, vinyl carbamate, N-vinyl lactam, N-vinyl amide, (meth)acrylate, or (meth)acrylamide. Preferred polymerizable groups include (meth)acrylate or (meth)acrylamide. A more preferred polymerizable group is methacrylate. 【0107】 The compounds of formulae I-A, I-A-1, I-A-2, I-A-3, I-A-4, I-A-5 and I-A-6 may include a compound of formula I-A-7 which is a compound of formula I-A, I-A-1, I-A-2, I-A-3, I-A-4, I-A-5 or I-A-6, wherein Y (linking group) is alkylene, cycloalkylene, heterocycloalkylene, arylene (e.g., phenylene), heteroarylene, oxaalkylene, alkylene-amido-alkylene, alkylene-amine-alkylene, or any combination of the foregoing groups. Preferred linking groups include C1-C8 alkylene (e.g., ethylene or propylene), C1-C8 oxaalkylene, C1-C8 alkylene-amido-C1-C8 alkylene, and C1-C8 alkylene-amine-C1-C8 alkylene. Particularly preferred is C1-C8 alkylene, especially ethylene (-CH2CH2-). When T in the compound of formula I-A is O, it is preferred that the carbon atom of the linking group to which O is attached is hindered. For example, when T is O and Y is alkylene, a preferred alkylene is -C(R H )2(CH2) x -, where R H is independently C1-C6 alkyl (preferably independently methyl or ethyl), and x is 1-5. 【0108】 The compounds of formulae I-A, I-A-1, I-A-2, I-3, I-A-4, I-A-5, I-A-6 and I-A-7 may include a compound of formula I-A-8 which is a compound of formula I-A, I-A-1, I-A-2, I-3, I-A-4, I-A-5, I-A-6 and I-A-7, wherein T is a bond or NR 6 (preferably NH). 【0109】 The compounds of Formula I-A, I-A-1, I-A-2, I-A-3, I-A-4, I-A-5, I-A-6, I-A-7 and I-A-8 may include a compound of Formula I-A-9 which is a compound of Formula I-A, I-A-1, I-A-2, I-A-3, I-A-4, I-A-5, I-A-6, I-A-7 or I-A-8, wherein EWG is cyano, amide, ester, keto, or aldehyde. Preferably, EWG is cyano. 【0110】 Specific examples of the first visible light filtering compound of the present invention are shown in Table A. 【0111】 [Table 1] 【0112】 The compounds of Formula I can be prepared as described in U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 20220194944 (A1). For example, this compound can be prepared from N-substituted acridone by utilizing triphenylphosphine dibromide. Triphenylphosphine dibromide can be generated "in situ" by adding bromine to triphenylphosphine in a suitable solvent. When N-substituted acridone is added after the bromine is completely consumed, potential oxidation of N-substituted acridone is avoided, the desired product is formed in high yield, and the formation of by-products is significantly reduced. An exemplary synthesis of the compounds of Formula I is shown in Scheme A. 【0113】 [Chemical Formula] 【0114】 The reactive mixture from which the ophthalmic device of the present invention is prepared contains a second visible light filtering compound in addition to the first visible light filtering compound. 【0115】 The second visible light filtering compound may include a medium energy visible light filter having one or more visible light absorption maxima at 550 nm to 660 nm, or 575 nm to 660 nm. 【0116】 The medium energy visible light filter may have a first visible light absorption maximum at 610 nm to 660 nm, preferably 630 nm to 650 nm. The first visible light absorption maximum of the second visible light filtering compound may optionally have a FWHM of at least 20 nm and a maximum of 60 nm, or optionally at least 30 nm and a maximum of 50 nm. 【0117】 The medium energy visible light filter may optionally have a second visible light absorption maximum centered at 575 nm to 609 nm, preferably centered at 580 nm to 600 nm. The second visible light absorption maximum may optionally have a FWHM of at least 60 nm and a maximum of 120 nm, or optionally at least 80 nm and a maximum of 100 nm. 【0118】 When incorporated into the ophthalmic device of the present invention, the medium energy visible light filter may function to limit the transmittance of the device to 50 percent to 95 percent over a wavelength range of 550 nm to 660 nm. 【0119】 Preferably, when incorporated into an ophthalmic device, the medium energy visible light filter limits the transmittance of the device to 60 percent to 85 percent over a wavelength range of 575 nm to 650 nm. 【0120】 The medium energy visible light filter may contain at least one polymerizable group. 【0121】 The medium energy visible light filter may be a compound of formula II: 【0122】 【Chemical formula】 and may be a compound of In the formula, Y is an independent linking group for each occurrence, and P g is an independent polymerizable group for each occurrence. 【0123】 The compound of formula II may include a compound of formula II-1 which is a compound of formula II, wherein Y is, independently for each occurrence, alkylene, cycloalkylene, heterocycloalkylene, arylene, heteroarylene, oxaalkylene, alkylene-amido-alkylene, alkylene-amine-alkylene, or a combination thereof. 【0124】 The compounds of formula II and II-1 may include a compound of formula II-2 which is a compound of formula II or II-1, wherein P g includes, independently for each occurrence, styryl, vinyl carbonate, vinyl ether, vinyl carbamate, N-vinyl lactam, N-vinyl amide, (meth)acrylate, or (meth)acrylamide. Preferably, P g includes, for each occurrence, (meth)acrylate, more preferably methacrylate. 【0125】 The medium energy visible light filter may include 1,4-bis[2-methacryloxyethylamino]-9,10-anthraquinone, (9,10-dioxo-9,10-dihydroanthracene-1,4-diyl)bis(azanediyl))bis(ethane-2,1-diyl))bis(oxy))bis(ethane-2,1-diyl))bis(oxy))bis(ethane-2,1-diyl)bis(2-methylacrylate), or N,N'-(((((((9,10-dioxo-9,10-dihydroanthracene-1,4-diyl)bis(azanediyl))bis(ethane-2,1-diyl))bis(oxy))bis(ethane-2,1-diyl))bis(oxy))bis(ethane-2,1-diyl))diacrylamide. 【0126】 Medium energy visible light filtering compounds are commercially available and / or they can be readily prepared by those skilled in the art, for example, as described in U.S. Patent No. 4,997,897, which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. 【0127】 Alternatively (or additionally), the second visible light filtering compound may include a high energy visible light filter that limits the transmittance of the device over the wavelength range of 400 - 409 nm to 0 percent to 70 percent, or 0.2 to 70 percent, or 0.5 to 70 percent, or 1 to 70 percent. The high energy visible light filter may limit the transmittance of the device over the wavelength range of 400 - 409 nm to 0 percent, or at least 0.2 percent, or at least 0.5 percent, or at least 1 percent, or at least 2 percent, or at least 3 percent, or at least 4 percent, and up to 60 percent, or up to 50 percent, or up to 40 percent, or up to 30 percent, or up to 20 percent, or up to 15 percent, or up to 10 percent. The high energy visible light filter may limit the transmittance of the device over the wavelength range of 400 - 409 nm to 0 percent to 40 percent, or 0.2 percent to 35 percent, or 2 percent to 30 percent, or 4 percent to 25 percent, or 5 percent to 20 percent, or 0.2 percent to 20 percent. 【0128】 The high energy visible light filter may contain at least one polymerizable group. 【0129】 The high energy visible light filter may be of formula III: 【0130】 【Chemical formula】 and may be a compound of wherein m and n are independently 0, 1, 2, 3, or 4, T is a bond, O, or NR, Y is a linking group, P g is a polymerizable group, R, independently for each occurrence, is H, C1-C6 alkyl, cycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, or Y-P g and R 1 and R 2 , when present, are, independently for each occurrence, C1-C6 alkyl, C1-C6 alkoxy, C1-C6 thioalkyl, C3-C7 cycloalkyl, aryl (preferably unsubstituted phenyl or phenyl substituted by alkyl or halo), halo, hydroxy, amino, NR 3 R 4 , or benzyl, and R 3 and R 4 are independently H or C1-C6 alkyl, or two adjacent R 1 or R 2 groups together with the carbon atom to which they are attached form a cycloalkyl or aryl ring. 【0131】 The compounds of formula III preferably contain one or two Y-P g groups. More preferably, the compound contains one Y-P g group. 【0132】 The compounds of formula III may include compounds of formula III-1 which are compounds of formula III, wherein m and n are independently 0 or 1, or both are 0. 【0133】 The compounds of formula III and III-1 may include compounds of formula III-2 which are compounds of formula III or III-1, wherein m is 1 and R 1 is C1-C6 alkyl, preferably ethyl or methyl. 【0134】 The compounds of formula III, III-1 and III-2 may include compounds of formula III-3 which are compounds of formula III, III-1 or III-2, wherein n is 1 and R 2 is C1-C6 alkyl, preferably ethyl or methyl. 【0135】 The compounds of formulae III, III-1, III-2 and III-3 may include a compound of formula III-4 which is a compound of formula III, III-1, III-2 or III-3, wherein R is H or C1-C6 alkyl. Preferably, R in group T is H. 【0136】 The compounds of formulae III, III-1, III-2, III-3 and III-4 may include a compound of formula III-5 which is a compound of formula III, III-1, III-2, III-3 or III-4, wherein P g (Polymerizable group), each occurrence independently, includes styryl, vinyl carbonate, vinyl ether, vinyl carbamate, N-vinyl lactam, N-vinyl amide, (meth)acrylate, or (meth)acrylamide. The polymerizable group enables the compounds of the present invention to form covalent bonds when reacted with monomers, crosslinking agents and other components commonly used to make contact lenses. The compatibility between the compound and the reactive mixture can be controlled by the selection of the polymerizable group (and the linking group). Preferred polymerizable groups include (meth)acrylate or (meth)acrylamide. A more preferred polymerizable group is methacrylate. 【0137】 The compounds of Formulae III, III-1, III-2, III-3, III-4, and III-5 may include a compound of Formula III-6 which is a compound of Formula III, III-1, III-2, III-3, III-4, or III-5, wherein Y (linking group) is alkylene, cycloalkylene, heterocycloalkylene, arylene (e.g., phenylene), heteroarylene, oxaalkylene, alkylene-amido-alkylene, alkylene-amine-alkylene, or any combination of the foregoing groups. Preferred linking groups include C1-C8 alkylene (e.g., ethylene or propylene), C1-C8 oxaalkylene, C1-C8 alkylene-amido-C1-C8 alkylene, and C1-C8 alkylene-amine-C1-C8 alkylene. Particularly preferred is C1-C8 alkylene, especially ethylene (-CH2CH2-). When T in the compound of Formula III is O, it is preferred that the carbon atom of the linking group to which O is attached is hindered. For example, when T is O and Y is alkylene, preferred alkylene is -C(R H )2(CH2) x -, where R H is independently C1-C6 alkyl (preferably independently methyl or ethyl), and x is 1-5. 【0138】 The compounds of Formulae III, III-1, III-2, III-3, III-4, III-5, and III-6 may include a compound of Formula III-7 which is a compound of Formula III, III-1, III-2, III-3, III-4, III-5, or III-6, wherein T is a bond or NR (preferably NH). 【0139】 The compound of Formula III may be a compound of Formula III-A: 【0140】 【Chemical Formula】 and may be a compound of, wherein, m and n are independently 0, 1, 2, 3, or 4, Y is a linking group, P g is a polymerizable group, R is, independently for each occurrence, H, C1-C6 alkyl, cycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, or Y-P g and is, R 1 and R 2 when present, are, independently for each occurrence, C1-C6 alkyl, C1-C6 alkoxy, C1-C6 thioalkyl, C3-C7 cycloalkyl, aryl (preferably unsubstituted phenyl or phenyl substituted by alkyl or halo), halo, hydroxy, amino, NR 3 R 4 or benzyl, and R 3 and R 4 are independently H or C1-C6 alkyl, or two adjacent R 1 or R 2 groups together with the carbon atom to which they are attached form a cycloalkyl or aryl ring. The compound of formula II preferably contains one or two Y-P g groups. More preferably, the compound contains one Y-P g group. 【0141】 The compound of formula III-A may include a compound of formula III-A-1 which is a compound of formula III-A, wherein m and n are independently 0 or 1, or both are 0. 【0142】 The compounds of formula III-A and III-A-1 may include a compound of formula III-A-2 which is a compound of formula III-A or III-A-1, wherein m is 1 and R 1 is C1-C6 alkyl, preferably ethyl or methyl. 【0143】 The compounds of formula III-A, III-A-1 and III-A-2 may include a compound of formula III-A-3 which is a compound of formula III-A, III-A-1 or III-A-2, wherein n is 1 and R 2is C1-C6 alkyl, preferably ethyl or methyl. 【0144】 The compounds of formulae III-A, III-A-1, III-A-2 and III-A-3 may include a compound of formula III-A-4 which is a compound of formula III-A, III-A-1, III-A-2 or III-A-3, wherein R is, independently for each occurrence, H or C1-C6 alkyl. Preferably, R is, for each occurrence, H. Preferably, R in group T is H. 【0145】 The compounds of formulae III-A, III-A-1, III-A-2, III-A-3 and III-A-4 may include a compound of formula III-A-5 which is a compound of formula III-A, III-A-1, III-A-2, III-A-3 or III-A-4, wherein P g (polymerizable group) is, independently for each occurrence, selected from styryl, vinyl carbonate, vinyl ether, vinyl carbamate, N-vinyl lactam, N-vinyl amide, (meth)acrylate, or (meth)acrylamide. By virtue of the polymerizable group, the compounds of the present invention are capable of forming covalent bonds when reacted with monomers, crosslinking agents, and other components commonly used in the preparation of polymer devices. The compatibility of the compounds with the reactive mixture can be controlled by the selection of the polymerizable group (and the linking group). Preferred polymerizable groups include (meth)acrylate or (meth)acrylamide. More preferred polymerizable group is methacrylate. 【0146】 The compounds of formula III-A, III-A-1, III-A-2, III-A-3, III-A-4 and III-A-5 may include a compound of formula III-A-6 which is a compound of formula III-A, III-A-1, III-A-2, III-A-3, III-A-4 or III-A-5, wherein Y (linking group) is alkylene, cycloalkylene, heterocycloalkylene, arylene (e.g., phenylene), heteroarylene, oxaalkylene, alkylene-amido-alkylene, alkylene-amine-alkylene, or any combination of the foregoing groups. Preferred linking groups include C1-C8 alkylene (e.g., ethylene or propylene), C1-C8 oxaalkylene, C1-C8 alkylene-amido-C1-C8 alkylene, and C1-C8 alkylene-amine-C1-C8 alkylene. Particularly preferred is C1-C8 alkylene, especially ethylene (-CH2CH2-). 【0147】 Specific examples of the compounds of formula I include, but are not limited to, the compounds shown in Table B. 【0148】 [Table 2-1] 【0149】 [Table 2-2] 【0150】 [Table 2-3] 【0151】 The compounds of formula III can be readily prepared by those skilled in the art, for example, as described in U.S. Patent No. 20210061934, which is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety. 【0152】 The high-energy visible light filter has the formula IV: 【0153】 [Chemical formula] It may also be a compound of wherein m and n are independently 0, 1, 2, 3, or 4, and R 1 and R 2 are independently, for each occurrence, H, an optional substituent, or -Y-P g or two adjacent R 1 or R 2 groups together with the atoms to which they are attached combine to form a cycloalkyl or aryl ring optionally substituted with -Y-P g EWG is an electron-withdrawing group independently for each occurrence, P g is a polymerizable group independently for each occurrence, Y is a linking group independently for each occurrence, and the compound of formula IV contains at least one P g group. 【0154】 The compound of formula IV may include a compound of formula IV-1 which is a compound of formula IV, wherein m and n are independently 0 or 1, or one is 0 and the other is 1. 【0155】 The compounds of formula IV and IV-1 may include a compound of formula IV-2 which is a compound of formula IV or IV-1, wherein R 1 is H, C1-C6 alkyl, C1-C6 alkoxy, C1-C6 thioalkyl, C3-C7 cycloalkyl, aryl, halo, hydroxy, amino, NR 4 R 5 benzyl, SO3H, or SO3Na, and R 4 and R 5 are independently H or C1-C6 alkyl. 【0156】 The compounds of formula IV, IV-1, and IV-2 may include a compound of formula IV-3 which is a compound of formula IV, IV-1, or IV-2, wherein R 2 is -Y-P g is. 【0157】 The compounds of formulae IV, IV-1, IV-2 and IV-3 may include a compound of formula IV-4 which is a compound of formula IV, IV-1, IV-2 or IV-3, wherein P g (polymerizable group) is, independently at each occurrence, styryl, vinyl carbonate, vinyl ether, vinyl carbamate, N-vinyl lactam, N-vinyl amide, (meth)acrylate, or (meth)acrylamide. By virtue of the polymerizable group, the compounds of the present invention are capable of forming covalent bonds when reacted with monomers, crosslinking agents, and other components used in the preparation of polymer devices. The compatibility between the compound and the reactive mixture can be controlled by the selection of the polymerizable group (and the linking group). Preferred polymerizable groups include (meth)acrylate or (meth)acrylamide. A more preferred polymerizable group is methacrylate. 【0158】 The compounds of formulae IV, IV-1, IV-2, IV-3 and IV-4 may include a compound of formula IV-5 which is a compound of formula IV, IV-1, IV-2, IV-3 or IV-4, wherein Y (linking group) is alkylene, cycloalkylene, heterocycloalkylene, arylene (e.g., phenylene), heteroarylene, oxaalkylene, alkylene-amide-alkylene, alkylene-amine-alkylene, or any combination of the foregoing groups. Preferred linking groups include C1-C8 alkylene (e.g., ethylene or propylene), C1-C8 oxaalkylene, C1-C8 alkylene-amide-C1-C8 alkylene, and C1-C8 alkylene-amine-C1-C8 alkylene. Particularly preferred is C1-C8 alkylene, especially oxa-propylene (-O-CH2CH2CH2-). 【0159】 The compounds of formulae IV, IV-1, IV-2, IV-3, IV-4 and IV-5 may include a compound of formula IV-6 which is a compound of formula IV, IV-1, IV-2, IV-3, IV-4 or IV-5, wherein EWG is, independently at each occurrence, cyano, amide, ester, keto, or aldehyde. Preferably, EWG is cyano at each occurrence. 【0160】 The compounds of Formula IV, IV-1, IV-2, IV-3, IV-4, IV-5 and IV-6 can include a compound of Formula IV-7 which is a compound of Formula IV, IV-1, IV-2, IV-3, IV-4, IV-5 or IV-6, and the compound contains one Y-P g group. 【0161】 The compounds of Formula IV, IV-1, IV-2, IV-3, IV-4, IV-5, IV-6 and IV-7 may include a compound of Formula IV-8 which is a compound of Formula IV, IV-1, IV-2, IV-3, IV-4, IV-5, IV-6, IV-7, wherein m is 0 and R 2 is -Y-P g therein. 【0162】 Specific examples of the compounds of Formula IV include, but are not limited to, the following. 【0163】 【Table 3-1】 【0164】 【Table 3-2】 【0165】 The compounds of Formula IV may exhibit a molar extinction coefficient of at least 5000, or at least 7500, or at least 10,000, or at least 12,500, or at least 15,000, or at least 17,500, or at least 19,000 at the visible light absorption maximum. The molar extinction coefficient is a characteristic property of the material and can be calculated from absorbance data using Lambert-Beer's law. The unit is typically L·mol -1 ·cm -1 therein. 【0166】 The compounds of formula IV can be readily prepared by one skilled in the art, as described, for example, in U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 20200407324 and U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 63 / 265,706, each of which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. 【0167】 The high - energy visible (HEV) light - absorbing filters for use in the present invention, including those of formula III and formula IV, are preferably light - stable. Thus, devices of the present invention, such as contact lenses containing a high - energy visible light - absorbing filter as a second visible - light filtering compound, preferably have a change in average transmittance over the wavelength range of 380 - 450 nm of 20% or less, or 15% or less, or 10% or less, or 7% or less, or 5% or less, or 2% or less after exposure under ICH Q1B conditions. 【0168】 As described above, the reactive mixture from which the ophthalmic device of the present invention is prepared contains a second visible - light filtering compound in addition to the first visible - light filtering compound. The second light - filtering compound may include a mixture of the above - described medium - energy visible light - absorbing filter and the above - described high - energy visible light - absorbing filter. Thus, the second visible - light filtering compound can include a mixture of (a) a medium - energy visible light - absorbing filter having one or more visible - light absorption maxima in the range of 550 nm to 660 nm and (b) a high - energy visible light - absorbing filter that limits the transmittance of the device over the wavelength range of 400 - 409 nm to 0 percent to 70 percent. The second visible - light filtering compound may be a mixture of a compound of formula II and a compound of formula III, or a mixture of a compound of formula II and a compound of formula IV, or a mixture of a compound of formula II, a compound of formula III, and a compound of formula IV. 【0169】 Other light-absorbing compounds may be included in the reactive mixture from which the ophthalmic device of the present invention is prepared to provide further desirable absorption characteristics. For example, a preferred reactive mixture can include a first visible light filtering compound and a second visible light filtering compound as described above, together with a UV-absorbing compound. Suitable UV-absorbing compounds are well known in the art and are classified into several categories including, but not limited to, benzophenones, benzotriazoles, triazines, substituted acrylonitriles, salicylic acid derivatives, benzoic acid derivatives, cinnamic acid derivatives, chalcone derivatives, diphenone derivatives, crotonic acid derivatives, or any mixture thereof. A preferred class of UV-absorbing compounds are benzotriazoles such as Norbloc (2-(2'-hydroxy-5-methacryloyloxyethylphenyl)-2H-benzotriazole). 【0170】 The ophthalmic device of the present invention can transmit 10 percent or less, or 5 percent or less, or 1 percent or less, or less than 1 percent of light over a wavelength range of 200 to 279 nm. 【0171】 The ophthalmic device of the present invention can transmit 45 percent or less, or 35 percent or less, or 25 percent or less, or 20 percent or less, or 10 percent or less, or 5 percent or less, or 1 percent or less of light over a wavelength range of 280 to 399 nm. 【0172】 The ophthalmic device of the present invention can transmit 0 percent to 70 percent, or 0.2 to 70 percent, over a wavelength range of 400 to 409 nm. The transmittance of the device over the wavelength range of 400 to 409 nm can be at least 0.2 percent, or at least 2 percent, or at least 3 percent, or at least 4 percent, and at most 60 percent, or at most 50 percent, or at most 40 percent, or at most 30 percent, or at most 20 percent. The transmittance of the device over the wavelength range of 400 to 409 nm may be 0 percent to 40 percent, or 0.2 percent to 40 percent, or 2 percent to 30 percent, or 4 percent to 25 percent, or 5 percent to 20 percent, or 0.1 percent to 20 percent. 【0173】 The ophthalmic device of the present invention can transmit at least 10 percent, or at least 15 percent, or at least 20 percent, and at most 80 percent, or at most 70 percent, or at most 65 percent, over a wavelength range of 410 to 429 nm. The transmittance of the device over the wavelength range of 410 to 429 nm may be 10 percent to 75 percent, or 15 percent to 70 percent, or 20 percent to 65 percent. 【0174】 The ophthalmic device of the present invention can transmit at least 55 percent, or at least 60 percent, and at most 85 percent, or at most 80 percent, over a wavelength range of 430 to 480 nm. The transmittance of the device over the wavelength range of 430 to 480 nm can be 55 percent to 85 percent, or 60 percent to 80 percent. 【0175】 The ophthalmic device of the present invention can transmit at least 65 percent, or at least 70 percent, and at most 98 percent, or at most 95 percent, over a wavelength range of 481 to 574 nm. The transmittance of the device over the wavelength range of 481 to 574 nm can be from 70 percent to 98 percent, or from 75 percent to 95 percent. 【0176】 The ophthalmic device of the present invention can transmit at least 50 percent, or at least 60 percent, or at least 70 percent, or at least 75 percent, and at most 95 percent, or at most 90 percent, or at most 85 percent, over a wavelength range of 550 to 660 nm. The transmittance of the device over the wavelength range of 550 to 660 nm may be from 50 percent to 95 percent, or from 60 percent to 90 percent, or from 70 percent to 90 percent. 【0177】 The ophthalmic device of the present invention can transmit at least 50 percent, or at least 60 percent, or at least 70 percent, or at least 75 percent, and at most 90 percent, or at most 85 percent, over a wavelength range of 575 to 650 nm. The transmittance of the device over the wavelength range of 575 to 650 nm may be from 50 percent to 90 percent, or from 60 percent to 85 percent, or from 70 percent to 85 percent. 【0178】 The ophthalmic device of the present invention can transmit at least 80 percent and at most 97 percent over a wavelength range of 651 to 666 nm. 【0179】 The ophthalmic device of the present invention can transmit at least 90 percent over a wavelength range of 667 to 760 nm. 【0180】 The ophthalmic device of the present invention is preferably light-stable. Thus, a device such as a contact lens preferably has a change in average transmittance over the wavelength range of 400 to 660 nm of 20% or less, or 15% or less, or 10% or less, or 7% or less, or 5% or less, or 2% or less after exposure under ICH Q1B conditions. 【0181】 Various ophthalmic devices including glasses, sunglasses, hard contact lenses, soft contact lenses, corneal onlays, corneal inlays, intraocular lenses, or overlay lenses may be fabricated. Preferably, the ophthalmic device is an intraocular lens or a soft contact lens. The soft contact lens may be made from a conventional (non-silicone) hydrogel or a silicone hydrogel. 【0182】 The foregoing transmission wavelengths and percentages can be measured on devices of various thicknesses. For example, if the device is a hydrogel contact lens (conventional or silicone), the central thickness can be 70 to 300 microns, or 80 to 230 microns, or 80 to 110 microns, or 90 to 110 microns. The concentration of one or more light-filtering compounds can be adjusted to achieve the foregoing transmission characteristics. For example, the concentration can range from at least 0.01 percent, or at least 0.1 percent, or at least 1 percent, or at least 2 percent, and up to 10 percent or up to 5 percent, based on the weight percentage of all components in the reactive mixture excluding diluent. Typical concentrations can range from 1 to 5 percent. 【0183】 The ophthalmic device of the present invention may comprise a free radical reaction product of a reactive mixture containing one or more monomers (also referred to herein as device-forming monomers or hydrogel-forming monomers) suitable for making a desired ophthalmic device, and optional components. When polymerized, the reactive mixture results in the formation of a polymer network in which the ophthalmic device may be included. The polymer network may be, for example, a hydrogel (e.g., a conventional hydrogel or a silicone hydrogel). 【0184】 The visible light filtering compound of the present invention may be copolymerized with other components in the reactive mixture, in which case the reactive mixture may contain one or more of the visible light filtering compounds in addition to one or more monomers suitable for making a desired ophthalmic device (and optional components). 【0185】 Non-limiting examples of polymer networks into which a visible light filtering compound can be incorporated (e.g., as a monomer) have been described above and include, for example, etafilcon, genfilcon, hilafilcon, lenefilcon, nesofilcon, omafilcon, polymacon, vifilcon, acquafilcon, asmofilcon, balafilcon, comfilcon, delefilcon, lehfilcon, serafilcon, enfilcon, fanfilcon, formofilcon, galyfilcon, lotrafilcon, narafilcon, riofilcon, samfilcon, senofilcon, somofilcon, and stenfilcon (including all variants thereof). 【0186】 As a further example, the polymer network may be made from a reactive mixture comprising one or more of a hydrophilic component, a hydrophobic component, a silicone-containing component, a wetting agent such as a polyamide, a crosslinking agent, and a diluent and an initiator. As described above, the reactive mixture also contains one or more first visible light filtering compounds and second visible light filtering compounds. 【0187】 Hydrophilic component Examples of suitable families of hydrophilic monomers that may be present in the reactive mixture include (meth)acrylates, styrenes, vinyl ethers, (meth)acrylamides, N-vinyl lactams, N-vinyl amides, N-vinyl imides, N-vinyl ureas, O-vinyl carbamates, O-vinyl carbonates, other hydrophilic vinyl compounds, and mixtures thereof. 【0188】 Non-limiting examples of hydrophilic (meth)acrylate and (meth)acrylamide monomers include acrylamide, N-isopropylacrylamide, N,N-dimethylaminopropyl (meth)acrylamide, N,N-dimethylacrylamide (DMA), 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA), 2-hydroxypropyl (meth)acrylate, 3-hydroxypropyl (meth)acrylate, 2,3-dihydroxypropyl (meth)acrylate, 2-hydroxybutyl (meth)acrylate, 3-hydroxybutyl (meth)acrylate, 4-hydroxybutyl (meth)acrylate, N-(2-hydroxyethyl) (meth)acrylamide, N,N-bis(2-hydroxyethyl) (meth)acrylamide, N-(2-hydroxypropyl) (meth)acrylamide, N,N-bis(2-hydroxypropyl) (meth)acrylamide, N-(3-hydroxypropyl) (meth)acrylamide, N-(2-hydroxybutyl) (meth)acrylamide, N-(3-hydroxybutyl) (meth)acrylamide, N-(4-hydroxybutyl) (meth)acrylamide, 2-aminoethyl (meth)acrylate, 3-aminopropyl (meth)acrylate, 2-aminopropyl (meth)acrylate, N-2-aminoethyl (meth)acrylamide), N-3-aminopropyl (meth)acrylamide, N-2-aminopropyl (meth)acrylamide, N,N-bis-2-aminoethyl (meth)acrylamide, N,N-bis-3-aminopropyl (meth)acrylamide), N,N-bis-2-aminopropyl (meth)acrylamide, glycerol methacrylate, polyethylene glycol monomethacrylate, (meth)acrylic acid, vinyl acetate, acrylonitrile, and mixtures thereof. 【0189】 The hydrophilic monomer may further be ionic, such as anionic, cationic, zwitterionic, betaine, and mixtures thereof. Non-limiting examples of such charged monomers include (meth)acrylic acid, N-[(ethenyloxy)carbonyl]-β-alanine (VINAL), 3-acrylamidopropanoic acid (ACA1), 5-acrylamidopentanoic acid (ACA2), 3-acrylamido-3-methylbutanoic acid (AMBA), 2-(methacryloyloxy)ethyltrimethylammonium chloride (Q salt or METAC), 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid (AMPS), 1-propanaminium, N-(2-carboxyethyl)-N,N-dimethyl-3-[(1-oxo-2-propen-1-yl)amino]-, inner salt (CBT), 1-propanaminium, N,N-dimethyl-N-[3-[(1-oxo-2-propen-1-yl)amino]propyl]-3-sulfo-, inner salt (SBT), 3,5-dioxa-8-aza-4-phosphaundec-10-en-1-aminium, 4-hydroxy-N,N,N-trimethyl-9-oxo-, inner salt, 4-oxide (9CI) (PBT), 2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine, 3-(dimethyl(4-vinylbenzyl)ammonio)propane-1-sulfonate (DMVBAPS), 3-((3-acrylamidopropyl)dimethylammonio)propane-1-sulfonate (AMPDAPS), 3-((3-methacrylamidopropyl)dimethylammonio)propane-1-sulfonate (MAMPDAPS), 3-((3-(acryloyloxy)propyl)dimethylammonio)propane-1-sulfonate (APDAPS), and (methacryloyloxy)propyl)dimethylammonio)propane-1-sulfonate (MAPDAPS). 【0190】 Non-limiting examples of hydrophilic N-vinyl lactam monomers and N-vinyl amide monomers include N-vinyl pyrrolidone (NVP), N-vinyl-2-piperidone, N-vinyl-2-caprolactam, N-vinyl-3-methyl-2-caprolactam, N-vinyl-3-methyl-2-piperidone, N-vinyl-4-methyl-2-piperidone, N-vinyl-4-methyl-2-caprolactam, N-vinyl-3-ethyl-2-pyrrolidone, N-vinyl-4,5-dimethyl-2-pyrrolidone, N-vinyl acetamide (NVA), N-vinyl-N-methyl acetamide (VMA), N-vinyl-N-ethyl acetamide, N-vinyl-N-ethyl formamide, N-vinyl formamide, N-vinyl-N-methyl propionamide, N-vinyl-N-methyl-2-methyl propionamide, N-vinyl-2-methyl propionamide, N-vinyl-N,N'-dimethyl urea, 1-methyl-3-methylene-2-pyrrolidone, 1-methyl-5-methylene-2-pyrrolidone, 5-methyl-3-methylene-2-pyrrolidone, 1-ethyl-5-methylene-2-pyrrolidone, N-methyl-3-methylene-2-pyrrolidone, 5-ethyl-3-methylene-2-pyrrolidone, 1-N-propyl-3-methylene-2-pyrrolidone, 1-N-propyl-5-methylene-2-pyrrolidone, 1-isopropyl-3-methylene-2-pyrrolidone, 1-isopropyl-5-methylene-2-pyrrolidone, N-vinyl-N-ethyl acetamide, N-vinyl-N-ethyl formamide, N-vinyl formamide, N-vinyl isopropylamide, N-vinyl caprolactam, N-vinyl imidazole, and mixtures thereof. 【0191】 Non-limiting examples of hydrophilic O-vinyl carbamate monomers and O-vinyl carbonate monomers include N-2-hydroxyethyl vinyl carbamate and N-carboxy-β-alanine N-vinyl ester. Further examples of hydrophilic vinyl carbonate monomers or vinyl carbamate monomers are disclosed in U.S. Patent No. 5,070,215. Hydrophilic oxazolone monomers are disclosed in U.S. Patent No. 4,910,277. 【0192】 Examples of other hydrophilic vinyl compounds include ethylene glycol vinyl ether (EGVE), di(ethylene glycol) vinyl ether (DEGVE), allyl alcohol, and 2-ethyl oxazoline. 【0193】 The hydrophilic monomer may further be a macro monomer or prepolymer of linear or branched poly(ethylene glycol), poly(propylene glycol), or a statistical random or block copolymer of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide having a polymerizable moiety such as (meth)acrylate, styrene, vinyl ether, (meth)acrylamide, N-vinylamide, etc. These polyether macro monomers have one polymerizable group, and the prepolymers may have two or more polymerizable groups. 【0194】 Preferred hydrophilic monomers of the present invention are DMA, NVP, HEMA, VMA, NVA, and mixtures thereof. Preferred hydrophilic monomers include a mixture of DMA and HEMA. Other suitable hydrophilic monomers will be apparent to those skilled in the art. 【0195】 Generally, there is no particular limitation on the amount of the hydrophilic monomer present in the reactive monomer mixture. The amount of the hydrophilic monomer can be selected based on the desired properties of the resulting hydrogel, including water content, transparency, wettability, protein uptake, etc. Wettability can be measured by the contact angle, and a desirable contact angle is less than about 100°, less than about 80°, and less than about 60°. The hydrophilic monomer can be present in an amount, for example, in the range of about 0.1 to about 100 weight percent, or in the range of about 1 to about 80 weight percent, or in the range of about 5 to about 65 weight percent, or in the range of about 40 to about 60 weight percent, or in the range of about 55 to about 60 weight percent, based on the total weight of the reactive components in the reactive monomer mixture. 【0196】 Silicone-containing component The silicone-containing component suitable for use in the present invention contains one or more polymerizable compounds, and each compound independently contains at least one polymerizable group, at least one siloxane group, and one or more linking groups connecting the polymerizable group to the siloxane group. The silicone-containing component may contain 1 to 220 siloxane repeating units, such as the groups defined below, for example. The silicone-containing component may further contain at least one fluorine atom. 【0197】 The silicone-containing component may include one or more polymerizable groups as defined above, one or more optionally repeating siloxane units, and one or more linking groups connecting the polymerizable group to the siloxane unit. Independently, the silicone-containing component may include one or more polymerizable groups that are (meth)acrylate, styryl, vinyl ether, (meth)acrylamide, N-vinyl lactam, N-vinyl amide, O-vinyl carbamate, O-vinyl carbonate, vinyl group, or a mixture thereof, one or more optionally repeating siloxane units, and one or more linking groups connecting the polymerizable group to the siloxane unit. 【0198】 Independently, the silicone-containing component may include one or more polymerizable groups that are (meth)acrylate, (meth)acrylamide, N-vinyl lactam, N-vinyl amide, styryl, or a mixture of the foregoing, one or more optionally repeating siloxane units, and one or more linking groups connecting the polymerizable group to the siloxane unit. 【0199】 Independently, the silicone-containing component may include one or more polymerizable groups that are (meth)acrylate, (meth)acrylamide, or a mixture of the foregoing, one or more optionally repeating siloxane units, and one or more linking groups connecting the polymerizable group to the siloxane unit. 【0200】 The silicone-containing component may contain one or more polymerizable compounds of Formula A: 【0201】 【Chemical formula】 In the formula, at least one R A is a group of the formula R g -L-, wherein R g is a polymerizable group and L is a linking group, and the remaining Rs A are each independently (a) R g -L-, (b) C1-C 16 alkyl optionally substituted by one or more hydroxy, amino, amide, oxa, carboxy, alkylcarboxy, carbonyl, alkoxy, amide, carbamate, carbonate, halo, phenyl, benzyl, or combinations thereof, (c) C3-C 12 cycloalkyl optionally substituted by one or more alkyl, hydroxy, amino, amide, oxa, carbonyl, alkoxy, amide, carbamate, carbonate, halo, phenyl, benzyl, or combinations thereof, (d) C6-C 14 aryl group optionally substituted by one or more alkyl, hydroxy, amino, amide, oxa, carboxy, alkylcarboxy, carbonyl, alkoxy, amide, carbamate, carbonate, halo, phenyl, benzyl, or combinations thereof, (e) halo, (f) alkoxy, cyclic alkoxy, or aryloxy, (g) siloxy, (h) alkyleneoxy-alkyl or alkoxy-alkyleneoxy-alkyl such as polyethyleneoxyalkyl, polypropyleneoxyalkyl, or poly(ethyleneoxy-co-propyleneoxyalkyl), or (i) a monovalent siloxane chain containing 1 to 100 siloxane repeating units optionally substituted by alkyl, alkoxy, hydroxy, amino, oxa, carboxy, alkylcarboxy, alkoxy, amide, carbamate, halo, or combinations thereof, n is from 0 to 500, or from 0 to 200, or from 0 to 100, or from 0 to 20. When n is other than 0, it is understood that n has a distribution in a mode equivalent to the display value. When n is 2 or more, the SiO units may carry the same or different R A substituents, and when different R A substituents are present, the n groups may be in a random configuration or a block configuration. 【0202】 In formula A, the three Rs A may each contain a polymerizable group, or alternatively two Rs A may each contain a polymerizable group, or alternatively one R A may contain a polymerizable group. 【0203】 Examples of silicone-containing components suitable for use in the present invention include, but are not limited to, the compounds listed in Table B. When the compounds in Table B contain polysiloxane groups, the number of SiO repeating units in such compounds is preferably 3 to 100, more preferably 3 to 40, or even more preferably 3 to 20, unless otherwise specified. 【0204】 【Table 4-1】 【0205】 【Table 4-2】 【0206】 Additional non-limiting examples of suitable silicone-containing components are listed in Table C. Unless otherwise specified, when applicable, j2 is preferably 1 to 100, more preferably 3 to 40, or even more preferably 3 to 15. In the compounds containing j1 and j2, the sum of j1 and j2 is preferably 2 to 100, more preferably 3 to 40, or even more preferably 3 to 15. 【0207】 【Table 5-1】 【0208】 【Table 5-2】 【0209】 Mixtures of a plurality of components containing silicone may be used. By way of example, suitable mixtures include mixtures of mono-(2-hydroxy-3-methacryloyloxypropyloxy)-propyl-terminated mono-n-butyl-terminated polydimethylsiloxane (OH-mPDMS) having different molecular weights, such as a mixture of OH-mPDMS containing 4 and 15 SiO repeating units, mixtures of OH-mPDMS having different molecular weights (e.g., containing 4 and 15 repeating SiO repeating units) and a silicone crosslinking agent such as, for example, bis-3-acryloxy-2-hydroxypropyloxypropylpolydimethylsiloxane (ac-PDMS), mixtures of 2-hydroxy-3-[3-methyl-3,3-bis(trimethylsiloxy)silylpropoxy]-propyl methacrylate (SiMAA) and, for example, mono-methacryloyloxypropyl-terminated mono-n-butyl-terminated polydimethylsiloxane (mPDMS) such as mPDMS1000, but are not limited thereto. 【0210】 The silicone-containing component used in the present invention may have an average molecular weight of about 400 to about 4000 Daltons. 【0211】 The silicone-containing component may be present in an amount of up to about 95% by weight, or about 10 to about 80% by weight, or about 20 to about 70% by weight, based on all the reactive components of the reactive mixture (excluding diluents). 【0212】 Polyamide The reactive mixture may include at least one polyamide. As used herein, the term "polyamide" refers to polymers and copolymers containing repeating units that include amide groups. The polyamide may include cyclic amide groups, acyclic amide groups, and combinations thereof, and may be any polyamide known to those skilled in the art. The acyclic polyamide includes pendant acyclic amide groups and is capable of associating with a hydroxyl group. The cyclic polyamide includes cyclic amide groups and is capable of associating with a hydroxyl group. 【0213】 Examples of suitable acyclic polyamides include polymers and copolymers containing repeating units of Formulas G1 and G2, 【0214】 【Chemical formula】 wherein X is a direct bond, -(CO)-, or -(CONHR 44 )-, R 44 is a C1-C3 alkyl group, R 40 is selected from H, a linear or branched, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C4 alkyl group, R 41 is selected from H, a linear or branched, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C4 alkyl group, an amino group having up to 2 carbon atoms, an amide group having up to 4 carbon atoms, and an alkoxy group having up to 2 carbon groups, R 42 is selected from H, a linear or branched, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C4 alkyl group, or is selected from methyl, ethoxy, hydroxyethyl, and hydroxymethyl, R 43 is selected from H, a linear or branched, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C4 alkyl group, or is selected from methyl, ethoxy, hydroxyethyl, and hydroxymethyl, R 40 and R 41 have a total number of carbon atoms of 8 or less, including 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, or less, and R 42 and R 43 have a total number of carbon atoms of 8 or less, including 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, or less. R 40 and R 41The total number of carbon atoms may be 6 or less, or 4 or less. R 42 and R 43 The total number of carbon atoms may be 6 or less. As used herein, a substituted alkyl group includes an alkyl group substituted by an amine group, an amide group, an ether group, a hydroxyl group, a carbonyl group, or a carboxyl group, or a combination thereof. R 40 and R 41 may independently be selected from H, a substituted or unsubstituted C1-C2 alkyl group. X may be a direct bond, and R 40 and R 41 may independently also be selected from H, a substituted or unsubstituted C1-C2 alkyl group. R 42 and R 43 may independently be selected from H, a substituted or unsubstituted C1-C2 alkyl group, methyl, ethoxy, hydroxyethyl, and hydroxymethyl. 【0215】 The acyclic polyamide of the present invention may contain a repeating unit of formula LV or formula LVI as a main part, or the acyclic polyamide may contain at least 50 mol% of a repeating unit of formula G or formula G1, such as at least about 70 mol% and at least 80 mol%. Specific examples of the repeating units of formula G and formula G1 include N-vinyl-N-methylacetamide, N-vinylacetamide, N-vinyl-N-methylpropionamide, N-vinyl-N-methyl-2-methylpropionamide, N-vinyl-2-methyl-propionamide, N-vinyl-N,N'-dimethylurea, N,N-dimethylacrylamide, methacrylamide, and repeating units derived from acrylamides of formula G2 and G3. 【0216】 【Chemical formula】 【0217】 Examples of suitable cyclic amides that can be used to form cyclic polyamides include α-lactam, β-lactam, γ-lactam, δ-lactam, and ε-lactam. Examples of suitable cyclic polyamides include polymers and copolymers containing repeating units of formula G4, 【0218】 【Chemical formula】 wherein R 45 is a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, f is a number from 1 to 10, X is a direct bond, -(CO)-, or -(CONHR 46 )-, and R 46 is a C1-C3 alkyl group. In formula LIX, f can be 8 or less, including 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, or 1. In formula G4, f can be 6 or less, including 5, 4, 3, 2, or 1. In formula G4, f can be from 2 to 8, including 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, or 8. In formula LIX, f can be 2 or 3. When X is a direct bond, f can be 2. In such cases, the cyclic polyamide can be polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP). 【0219】 The cyclic polyamide of the present invention can contain 50 mole percent or more of the repeating units of formula G4, or the cyclic polyamide can contain at least 50 mole percent of the repeating units of formula G4, such as at least 70 mole percent and at least 80 mole percent. 【0220】 The polyamide may further be a copolymer containing repeating units of both cyclic amides and acyclic amides. The additional repeating units may be formed from monomers selected from hydroxyalkyl (meth)acrylates, alkyl (meth)acrylates, other hydrophilic monomers, and siloxane-substituted (meth)acrylates. Any of the monomers listed as suitable hydrophilic monomers may be used as a comonomer to form the additional repeating units. Specific examples of additional monomers that may be used to form the polyamide include 2-hydroxyethyl (meth)acrylate, vinyl acetate, acrylonitrile, hydroxypropyl (meth)acrylate, methyl (meth)acrylate, and hydroxybutyl (meth)acrylate, dihydroxypropyl (meth)acrylate, polyethylene glycol mono(meth)acrylate, etc., as well as mixtures thereof. Ionic monomers may also be included.Examples of ionic monomers include (meth)acrylic acid, N-[(vinyloxy)carbonyl]-β-alanine (VINAL, CAS#148969-96-4), 3-acrylamidopropanoic acid (ACA1), 5-acrylamidopentanoic acid (ACA2), 3-acrylamido-3-methylbutanoic acid (AMBA), 2-(methacryloyloxy)ethyltrimethylammonium chloride (Q salt or METAC), 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid (AMPS), 1-propanaminium, N-(2-carboxyethyl)-N,N-dimethyl-3-[(1-oxo-2-propen-1-yl)amino]-, inner salt (CBT, carboxybetaine, CAS 79704-35-1), 1-propanaminium, N,N-dimethyl-N-[3-[(1-oxo-2-propen-1-yl)amino]propyl]-3-sulfo-, inner salt (SBT, sulfobetaine, CAS 80293-60-3), 3,5-dioxa-8-aza-4-phosphaundec-10-en-1-aminium, 4-hydroxy-N,N,N-trimethyl-9-oxo-, inner salt, 4-oxide (9CI) (PBT, phosphobetaine, CAS 163674-35-9, 2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine, 3-(dimethyl(4-vinylbenzyl)ammonio)propane-1-sulfonate (DMVBAPS), 3-((3-acrylamidopropyl)dimethylammonio)propane-1-sulfonate (AMPDAPS), 3-((3-methacrylamidopropyl)dimethylammonio)propane-1-sulfonate (MAMPDAPS), 3-((3-(acryloyloxy)propyl)dimethylammonio)propane-1-sulfonate (APDAPS), (methacryloyloxy)propyl)dimethylammonio)propane-1-sulfonate (MAPDAPS). 【0221】 The reactive monomer mixture may include both acyclic polyamides and cyclic polyamides or copolymers thereof. The acyclic polyamide can be any of the acyclic polyamides or copolymers thereof described herein, while the cyclic polyamide can be any of the cyclic polyamides or copolymers thereof described herein. The polyamide can be selected from the group consisting of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), polyvinylmethylacetamide (PVMA), polydimethylacrylamide (PDMA), polyvinylacetamide (PNVA), poly(hydroxyethyl (meth)acrylamide), polyacrylamide, and copolymers and mixtures thereof. The polyamide may be a mixture of PVP (e.g., PVP K90) and PVMA (e.g., having an M of about 570KDa). w having). 【0222】 The total amount of all polyamides in the reactive mixture, in all cases, can be in the range of 1 weight percent to about 35 weight percent, such as in the range of 1 weight percent to about 15 weight percent, in the range of about 5 weight percent to about 15 weight percent, etc., based on the total weight of the reactive components of the reactive monomer mixture. 【0223】 Without being bound by theory, when used with a silicone hydrogel, the polyamide functions as an internal wetting agent. The polyamide of the present invention can be non-polymerizable, in which case it is incorporated into the silicone hydrogel as a semi-interpenetrating network. The polyamide is encapsulated or physically retained within the silicone hydrogel. Alternatively, the polyamide of the present invention can be polymerizable, for example, as a polyamide macromer or prepolymer, in which case it is covalently incorporated into the silicone hydrogel. Mixtures of polymerizable and non-polymerizable polyamides can also be used. 【0224】 When the polyamide is incorporated into the reactive monomer mixture, the polyamide can have a weight average molecular weight of at least 100,000 Daltons, greater than about 150,000, from about 150,000 to about 2,000,000 Daltons, or from about 300,000 Daltons to about 1,800,000 Daltons. High molecular weight polyamides can be used if they are compatible with the reactive monomer mixture. 【0225】 Crosslinking agent Generally, it is desirable to add one or more crosslinking agents, also generally referred to as crosslinking monomers, polyfunctional macromers, and prepolymers, to the reactive mixture. The crosslinking agent may be selected from difunctional crosslinking agents, trifunctional crosslinking agents, tetrafunctional crosslinking agents, and mixtures thereof, including silicone-containing crosslinking agents and non-silicone-containing crosslinking agents. Examples of non-silicone-containing crosslinking agents include ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (EGDMA), tetraethylene glycol dimethacrylate (TEGDMA), trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate (TMPTMA), triallyl cyanurate (TAC), glycerol trimethacrylate, methacryloxyethyl vinyl carbonate (HEMAVc), allyl methacrylate, methylene bisacrylamide (MBA), and polyethylene glycol dimethacrylate, where the polyethylene glycol has a molecular weight of up to about 5000 Daltons. The crosslinking agent is typically used in the reactive mixture in an amount of from about 0.000415 to about 0.0156 moles per 100 grams of the reactive formulation. Alternatively, if the hydrophilic monomer and / or silicone-containing component is polyfunctional due to molecular design or impurities, the addition of the crosslinking agent to the reactive mixture is optional. Examples of hydrophilic monomers and macromers that can act as crosslinking agents and do not require the addition of additional crosslinking agents to the reactive mixture when present include polyethers end-capped with (meth)acrylate and (meth)acrylamide. Other crosslinking agents are known to those skilled in the art and can be used to make the silicone hydrogels of the present invention. 【0226】 It may be desirable to select a crosslinking agent that has similar reactivity to one or more of the other reactive components in the complex. In some cases, it may be desirable to select a mixture of crosslinking agents with different reactivities in order to control some of the physical, mechanical, or biological properties of the resulting silicone hydrogel. The structure and morphology of the silicone hydrogel can also be affected by the diluent(s) used and the curing conditions. 【0227】 To further increase the modulus of elasticity and maintain the tensile strength, a multifunctional silicone-containing component including a macromer, a crosslinking agent, and a prepolymer may also be included. The silicone-containing crosslinking agent can be used alone or in combination with other crosslinking agents. Examples of silicone-containing components that can act as crosslinking agents and do not require the addition of crosslinking monomers to the reactive mixture when present include α,ω-bismethacryloxypropyl polydimethylsiloxane. Another example is bis-3-acryloxy-2-hydroxypropyl oxopropyl polydimethylsiloxane (ac-PDMS). 【0228】 Crosslinking agents having a rigid chemical structure and polymerizable groups that undergo free radical polymerization can also be used. Non-limiting examples of suitable rigid structures include crosslinking agents containing phenyl and benzyl rings such as 1,4-phenylenediacrylate, 1,4-phenylenedimethacrylate, 2,2-bis(4-methacryloxyphenyl)-propane, 2,2-bis[4-(2-acryloxyethoxy)phenyl]propane, 2,2-bis[4-(2-hydroxy-3-methacryloxypropoxy)phenyl]propane, and 4-vinylbenzyl methacrylate, and combinations thereof. The rigid crosslinking agent can be included in an amount of about 0.5 to about 15, or about 2 to 10, 3 to 7 based on the total weight of all reactive components. The physical and mechanical properties of the silicone hydrogels of the present invention can be optimized for specific applications by adjusting the components in the reactive mixture. 【0229】 Non-limiting examples of silicone crosslinking agents also include the polyfunctional silicone-containing components described in Table C above. 【0230】 Additional components The reactive mixture may contain additional components such as, but not limited to, diluents, initiators, UV absorbers, visible light absorbers, photochromic compounds, pharmaceuticals, dietary supplements, antibacterial substances, colorants, pigments, copolymerizable dyes, non-polymerizable dyes, release agents, visible dyes, and combinations thereof. 【0231】 Classes of suitable diluents for silicone hydrogel reactive mixtures include alcohols having 2 to 20 carbon atoms, amides having 10 to 20 carbon atoms derived from primary amines, and carboxylic acids having 8 to 20 carbon atoms. The diluents can be primary, secondary, and tertiary alcohols. 【0232】 Generally, the reactive components are mixed in a diluent to form a reactive mixture. Suitable diluents are known in the art. For silicone hydrogels, suitable diluents are disclosed in International Publication No. 03 / 022321 and U.S. Patent No. 6,020,445, the disclosures of which are incorporated herein by reference. 【0233】 Classes of suitable diluents for silicone hydrogel reactive mixtures include alcohols having 2 to 20 carbons, amides having 10 to 20 carbon atoms derived from primary amines, and carboxylic acids having 8 to 20 carbon atoms. Primary and tertiary alcohols can be used. Preferred classes include alcohols having 5 to 20 carbons and carboxylic acids having 10 to 20 carbon atoms. 【0234】 Specific diluents that can be used include 1-ethoxy-2-propanol, diisopropylaminoethanol, isopropanol, 3,7-dimethyl-3-octanol, 1-decanol, 1-dodecanol, 1-octanol, 1-pentanol, 2-pentanol, 1-hexanol, 2-hexanol, 2-octanol, 3-methyl-3-pentanol, tert-amyl alcohol, tert-butanol, 2-butanol, 1-butanol, 2-methyl-2-pentanol, 2-propanol, 1-propanol, ethanol, 2-ethyl-1-butanol, (3-acetoxy-2-hydroxypropyloxy)-propylbis(trimethylsiloxy)methylsilane, 1-tert-butoxy-2-propanol, 3,3-dimethyl-2-butanol, tert-butoxyethanol, 2-octyl-1-dodecanol, decanoic acid, octanoic acid, dodecanoic acid, 2-(diisopropylamino)ethanol, mixtures thereof, and the like. Examples of amide diluents include N,N-dimethylpropionamide and dimethylacetamide. 【0235】 Preferred diluents include 3,7-dimethyl-3-octanol, 1-dodecanol, 1-decanol, 1-octanol, 1-pentanol, 1-hexanol, 2-hexanol, 2-octanol, 3-methyl-3-pentanol, 2-pentanol, t-amyl alcohol, tert-butanol, 2-butanol, 1-butanol, 2-methyl-2-pentanol, 2-ethyl-1-butanol, ethanol, 3,3-dimethyl-2-butanol, 2-octyl-1-dodecanol, decanoic acid, octanoic acid, dodecanoic acid, mixtures thereof, and the like. 【0236】 More preferred diluents include 3,7-dimethyl-3-octanol, 1-dodecanol, 1-decanol, 1-octanol, 1-pentanol, 1-hexanol, 2-hexanol, 2-octanol, 1-dodecanol, 3-methyl-3-pentanol, 1-pentanol, 2-pentanol, t-amyl alcohol, tert-butanol, 2-butanol, 1-butanol, 2-methyl-2-pentanol, 2-ethyl-1-butanol, 3,3-dimethyl-2-butanol, 2-octyl-1-dodecanol, mixtures thereof, and the like. 【0237】 When a diluent is present, generally there are no specific restrictions regarding the amount of diluent present. When using a diluent, the diluent can be present in an amount in the range of about 2 to about 70 weight percent, such as in the range of about 5 to about 50 weight percent and in the range of about 15 to about 40 weight percent, based on the total weight of the reactive mixture (including the reactive formulation and non-reactive formulation). Mixtures of multiple diluents may also be used. 【0238】 The polymerization initiator can be used in the reactive mixture. Examples of the polymerization initiator include those that generate free radicals at a moderate high temperature, such as lauryl peroxide, benzoyl peroxide, isopropyl percarbonate, azobisisobutyronitrile, etc., and at least one of photoinitiator systems such as aromatic α-hydroxy ketone, alkoxy oxybenzoin, acetophenone, acylphosphine oxide, bisacylphosphine oxide, and tertiary amine + diketone, and mixtures thereof. Illustrative examples of photoinitiators are 1-hydroxycyclohexyl phenyl ketone, 2-hydroxy-2-methyl-1-phenyl-propan-1-one, bis(2,6-dimethoxybenzoyl)-2,4,4-trimethylpentylphosphine oxide (DMBAPO), bis(2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl)-phenylphosphine oxide (Irgacure 819), 2,4,6-trimethylbenzyl diphenylphosphine oxide and 2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyldiphenylphosphine oxide, benzoin methyl ester, and the combination of camphorquinone and ethyl 4-(N,N-dimethylamino)benzoate. 【0239】 Examples of commercially available visible light initiator systems (manufactured by IGM Resins B.V. (The Netherlands)) include Irgacure® 819, Irgacure® 1700, Irgacure® 1800, Irgacure® 819, Irgacure® 1850, and Lucrin® TPO initiator. Examples of commercially available UV light initiators (manufactured by IGM Resins B.V.) include Darocur® 1173 and Darocur® 2959. These and other photoinitiators that can be used are disclosed in Volume III, Photoinitiators for Free Radical Cationic & Anionic Photopolymerization, 2nd Edition by J.V. Crivello & K. Dietliker; edited by G. Bradley; John Wiley and Sons; New York; 1998. The initiator is used in the reactive mixture in an amount effective to initiate photopolymerization of the reactive mixture, for example, in an amount of about 0.1 to about 2 parts by weight per 100 parts of the reactive mixture. Polymerization of the reactive mixture can be initiated using heat, or appropriate selection of visible light or ultraviolet light, or other means, depending on the polymerization initiator used. Alternatively, initiation can be carried out using an electron beam without a photoinitiator. However, when a photoinitiator is used, preferred initiators are bis(2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl)-phenylphosphine oxide (Irgacure® 819), or bisacylphosphine oxides such as a combination of 1-hydroxycyclohexyl phenyl ketone and bis(2,6-dimethoxybenzoyl)-2,4,4-trimethylpentylphosphine oxide (DMBAPO). Thermal initiation polymerization can be carried out as described, for example, in U.S. Patent No. 20200399429, which is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety. A combination of photocuring and thermosetting may also be used. 【0240】 The reactive mixture for fabricating the ophthalmic device of the present invention may include any of the above-mentioned polymerizable compounds and optional components in addition to the first visible light filtering compound and the second visible light filtering compound. 【0241】 The reactive mixture may include the first visible light filtering compound, the second visible light filtering compound, and a hydrophilic component. 【0242】 The reactive mixture may include the first visible light filtering compound, the second visible light filtering compound, and a hydrophilic component selected from DMA, NVP, HEMA, VMA, NVA, methacrylic acid, and mixtures thereof. A mixture of HEMA and methacrylic acid is preferred. 【0243】 The reactive mixture may include the first visible light filtering compound, the second visible light filtering compound, a hydrophilic component, and a silicone-containing component. 【0244】 The reactive mixture may include the first visible light filtering compound, the second visible light filtering compound, and a hydrophilic component selected from DMA, HEMA, and mixtures thereof. It may also include a silicone-containing component selected from 2-hydroxy-3-[3-methyl-3,3-di(trimethylsiloxy)silylpropoxy]-propyl methacrylate (SiMAA), mono-methacryloxypropyl-terminated mono-n-butyl-terminated polydimethylsiloxane (mPDMS), mono-(2-hydroxy-3-methacryloxypropyl)-propyl ether-terminated mono-n-butyl-terminated polydimethylsiloxane (OH-mPDMS), and mixtures thereof, and a wetting agent (preferably PVP or PVMA). For the hydrophilic component, a mixture of DMA and HEMA is preferred. For the silicone-containing component, a mixture of SiMAA and mPDMS is preferred. 【0245】 The reactive mixture may include a first visible light filtering compound and a second visible light filtering compound, and a hydrophilic component including a mixture of DMA and HEMA. It may include a silicone-containing component including a mixture of OH-mPDMS having 2 to 20 repeating units (preferably a mixture of 4 and 15 repeating units). Preferably, the reactive mixture further includes a silicone-containing crosslinking agent such as ac-PDMS. Also preferably, the reactive mixture contains a wetting agent (preferably DMA, PVP, PVMA, or a mixture thereof). 【0246】 The reactive mixture may include a first visible light filtering compound and a second visible light filtering compound, at least one polyamide of about 1 to about 15 wt% (e.g., acyclic polyamide, cyclic polyamide, or a mixture thereof), at least one first monofunctional hydroxyl-substituted poly(disubstituted siloxane) having 4 to 8 siloxane repeating units (e.g., OH-mPDMS, where n is 4 to 8, preferably n is 4), at least one second hydroxyl-substituted poly(disubstituted siloxane) which is a monofunctional hydroxyl-substituted poly(disubstituted siloxane) having 10 to 200, or 10 to 100, or 10 to 50, or 10 to 20 siloxane repeating units (e.g., OH-mPDMS, where n is 10 to 200, or 10 to 100, or 10 to 50, or 10 to 20, preferably n is 15), at least one hydrophilic monomer of about 5 to about 35 wt%, and optionally, a polyfunctional hydroxyl-substituted poly(disubstituted siloxane) having 10 to 200 or 10 to 100 siloxane repeating units (e.g., ac-PDMS). Preferably, the first monofunctional hydroxyl-substituted poly(disubstituted siloxane) and the second hydroxyl-substituted poly(disubstituted siloxane) are present at concentrations such that the ratio of the weight percentage of the first monofunctional hydroxyl-substituted poly(disubstituted siloxane) to the weight percentage of the second hydroxyl-substituted poly(disubstituted siloxane) is 0.4 to 1.3 or 0.4 to 1.0. 【0247】 The foregoing reactive mixture may contain optional components such as, but not limited to, one or more initiators, internal wetting agents, crosslinking agents, other UV or HEV absorbers, and diluents. 【0248】 Curing of the hydrogel and manufacture of the lens The reactive mixture is formed by any of the methods known in the art such as shaking or stirring and can be used to form polymeric articles or devices by known methods. The reactive components are mixed together, with or without the use of a diluent, to form the reactive mixture. 【0249】 For example, an ophthalmic device can be prepared by mixing the reactive components and optionally a diluent(s) with a polymerization initiator and curing under suitable conditions to form a product that can later be shaped into a suitable shape by turning, cutting, etc. Alternatively, the reactive mixture can be cured after being placed in a mold to form a suitable article. 【0250】 A method of making a shaped ophthalmic device such as a silicone hydrogel contact lens can include preparing a reactive monomer mixture; transferring the reactive monomer mixture to a first mold; placing a second mold over the first mold filled with the reactive monomer mixture; and curing the reactive monomer mixture by free radical copolymerization to form a silicone hydrogel in the shape of a contact lens. 【0251】 The reactive mixture can be cured via any known process for shaping the reactive mixture in the production of contact lenses, including rotational molding and static molding. The rotational molding method is disclosed in U.S. Patent Nos. 3,408,429 and 3,660,545, and the static molding method is disclosed in U.S. Patent Nos. 4,113,224 and 4,197,266. The contact lens of the present invention may be formed by direct molding of a hydrogel, which is economical and can accurately control the final shape of the water-containing lens. In this method, the reactive mixture is placed in a mold having the shape of the final desired hydrogel, and the reactive mixture is subjected to conditions under which the monomers polymerize, thereby producing a polymer of approximately the shape of the final desired product. 【0252】 After curing, the lens may be subjected to extraction to remove unreacted components and removed from the lens mold. Extraction can be performed using conventional extraction fluids such as organic solvents such as alcohol, or can be extracted using an aqueous solution. 【0253】 An aqueous solution is a solution containing water. The aqueous solution of the present invention may contain at least about 20 weight percent water, or at least about 50 weight percent water, or at least about 70 weight percent water, or at least about 95 weight percent water. The aqueous solution may further contain additional water-soluble formulations such as inorganic salts or mold release agents, wetting agents, slip agents, pharmaceutical ingredients and nutritional supplements, combinations thereof, etc. A mold release agent is a compound or mixture of compounds which, when combined with water, reduces the time required to remove the contact lens from the mold compared to the time required to remove the contact lens using an aqueous solution not containing the mold release agent. The aqueous solution may not require special handling such as purification, reuse or special waste treatment. 【0254】 Extraction can be carried out, for example, by immersing this lens in an aqueous solution or by exposing the lens to the flow of an aqueous solution. Extraction can further include, for example, heating the aqueous solution, stirring the aqueous solution, increasing the concentration of the release agent in the aqueous solution to a level sufficient for the lens to be released, subjecting the lens to mechanical stirring or ultrasonic stirring, and incorporating at least one elution or extraction aid into the aqueous solution to a concentration sufficient to facilitate the proper removal of unreacted components from the lens. With or without the addition of heat, vibration, or both, the foregoing steps may be carried out in a batch process or a continuous process. 【0255】 In order to promote leaching and release, the application of physical agitation may be desirable. For example, the lens mold part to which the lens is attached can be vibrated or reciprocated in an aqueous solution. Other methods may include passing ultrasonic waves through the aqueous solution. 【0256】 The lens may be sterilized by known means such as high-pressure steam treatment, without limitation. 【0257】 As described above, a preferred ophthalmic device is a contact lens, more preferably a soft hydrogel contact lens. The transmission wavelengths and percentages described herein can be measured on lenses of various thicknesses, for example, using the methods described in the examples. By way of example, the preferred central thickness for measuring the transmission spectrum in a soft contact lens can be 80-100 microns, or 90-100 microns, or 90-95 microns. Typically, for example, measurements can be made at the center of the lens using an instrument slit width of 4 nm. 【0258】 When the ophthalmic device of the present invention is a contact lens, the residues of the first and second visible light filtering compounds in the final lens may be uniformly distributed throughout the lens or may be concentrated in the central zone rather than the peripheral zone of the lens. Since the compounds tend to absorb visible light and thus color, it is easy to determine that the residues are concentrated in the central zone by simply observing the stronger coloring in the central zone. Alternatively, a greater absorbance in the central zone for a particular residue may be used, generally based on Beer's law to indicate a greater concentration, using US / Vis spectroscopy. 【0259】 To produce a lens in which the residues of the first and second visible light filtering compounds are concentrated in the central zone, various techniques can be used. An example of such a technique is described in US Provisional Patent Application No. 63 / 265,705, filed December 20, 2021, which is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety. 【0260】 Thus, the local concentration of the residues of the first and second visible light filtering compounds can be achieved by selectively derivatizing the residues in regions such as the peripheral zone of the lens where their light absorption properties are not required or are undesirable. Selective derivatization is preferably achieved chemically. More preferably, the derivatization is by chemical oxidation of one or more functional groups in the visible light filtering compound that results in a material having a greater visible light transmittance than the parent chromophore as a result of the oxidation. 【0261】 When the derivatization is by chemical oxidation, the visible light filtering compound preferably contains a functional group that can readily undergo an oxidation reaction under conditions that result in a material having a greater light transmittance than the parent. Exemplary functional groups for such oxidation include S, NR, and Se. Thus, preferred visible light filtering compounds include the above-described materials containing oxidizable functional groups, such as oxidizable sulfur, selenium, or amine moieties. 【0262】 Chemical acidification can be carried out, for example, by bleaching. Various reagents including, but not limited to, hypochlorite, Oxone (registered trademark), dimethyldioxirane, hydrogen peroxide, and / or chlorite can be used for oxidation. 【0263】 To form a derivative of the visible light filtering compound residue in a selected region of the lens, the regions of the lens where derivatization is not desired are masked from the derivatization conditions. For example, if the derivatization is by chemical means (e.g., chemical acidification), the central zone of the lens may be masked from the derivatization reagent, for example, using a cup sized appropriately to exclude the derivatization reagent from the zone. Preferably, such a cup is formed from a material such as silicone that provides appropriate masking of the zone without damaging the underlying lens. Other masking techniques or devices can be readily used. 【0264】 Once the central zone of the lens is appropriately masked, the derivatization process is carried out. For example, if the derivatization is by chemical means, the derivatization reagent may be applied to contact the peripheral zone without significantly contacting the central zone. The contact between the reagent and the peripheral zone is continued until the desired level of derivatization is achieved, and then the reagent may be removed, for example, by washing. 【0265】 The derivatization as described above is preferably carried out while the contact lens is still in the mold (preferably, one of the mold halves is removed, and thus access to the lens in the other mold half is possible). After derivatization, the lens may be subjected to processing methods commonly used in the manufacture of contact lenses, including extraction to remove unreacted components and demolding of the lens from the lens mold. The extraction may be carried out using a conventional extraction fluid containing an organic solvent such as alcohol, or may be extracted using an aqueous solution. The extraction can also be carried out before the derivatization process. 【0266】 Other techniques may be used to make a lens in which residues of the first visible light filtering compound and the second visible light filtering compound are concentrated in the central zone of the lens, such as, for example, the process described in U.S. Patent No. 8,697,770, which is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety. For example, this technique uses multiple depositions of a reactive monomer mixture into a lens mold. A first, higher viscosity mixture containing the first visible light filtering compound and the second visible light filtering compound is administered to the central zone of the mold, and a lower viscosity reactive mixture that does not contain the first visible light filtering compound and the second visible light filtering compound is deposited on or near the first deposit. The mold halves are then brought together and subsequently the reactive monomer mixture is cured. 【0267】 When the device of the present invention is a silicone hydrogel contact lens, the lens preferably exhibits the following properties. All values are preceded by "about", and the lens may have any combination of the recited properties. The properties can be determined by methods known to those of skill in the art, such as, for example, as described in U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2018 / 0037690, which is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety. Water concentration %: at least 20%, or at least 25%, and at most 80%, or at most 70% Haze: 30% or less, or 10% or less Advancing dynamic contact angle (Wilhelmy plate method): 100° or less, 80° or less, or 50° or less Tensile modulus (psi): 120 or less, or 80 - 120 Edge corrected oxygen permeability (EC Dk, Barrers): at least 50, or at least 60, or at least 80, or at least 100, or at least 120 Elongation at break: at least 100 【0268】 For ionic silicone hydrogels, the following properties may also be preferred (in addition to those described above). Lysozyme uptake (μg / lens): at least 100, or at least 150, or at least 500, or at least 700 Polyquaternium 1 (PQ1) uptake (%): 15 or less, or 10 or less, or 5 or less 【0269】 The visible light filtering compounds described herein can be used with other products in addition to ophthalmic devices. For example, the compounds can be used in window parts (e.g., windows of vehicles or buildings), or optical devices such as binoculars and cameras. In such uses, the compounds can be coated, for example, on the surface of the device. To facilitate coating, the compounds can be dissolved in a solvent. 【0270】 The following clauses list non-limiting embodiments of the present disclosure. 1. An ophthalmic device that is a free radical reaction product of a reactive mixture, the reactive mixture comprising one or more monomers suitable for making an ophthalmic device and a visible light filtering compound, the device being Over a wavelength range of 400 - 409 nm, 0 percent to 70 percent, or 0.2 to 70 percent, or 1 to 70 percent, or 2 percent to 30 percent, or 4 percent to 25 percent, or 5 percent to 20 percent, Over a wavelength range of 430 - 480 nm, 55 percent to 85 percent, or 60 percent to 80 percent, and Over a wavelength range of 575 - 650 nm, an ophthalmic device that transmits 50 percent to 90 percent, or 60 percent to 85 percent, or 70 percent to 85 percent. 2. The ophthalmic device according to clause 1, wherein the device further transmits 10 percent to 75 percent, or 15 percent to 70 percent, or 20 percent to 65 percent of light over a wavelength range of 410 - 429 nm. 3. The device is the ophthalmic device according to clause 1 or 2, which transmits 70% to 98%, or 75% to 95% of light over a wavelength range of 481 to 574 nm. 4. The device is the ophthalmic device according to any one of clauses 1 to 3, which transmits at least 80% and at most 97% of light over a wavelength range of 651 to 666 nm. 5. The device is the ophthalmic device according to any one of clauses 1 to 4, which transmits at least 90% of light over a wavelength range of 667 to 760 nm. 6. The device is the ophthalmic device according to any one of clauses 1 to 5, which transmits 10% or less, or 5% or less, or 1% or less, or less than 1% of light over a wavelength range of 200 to 279 nm. 7. The device is the ophthalmic device according to any one of clauses 1 to 6, which transmits 45% or less, or 35% or less, or 25% or less, or 20% or less, or 10% or less, or 5% or less, or 1% or less of light over a wavelength range of 280 to 399 nm. 8. The polymerizable compound suitable for producing the device includes a hydrophilic component, a silicone-containing component, or a mixture thereof, and is the ophthalmic device according to any one of clauses 1 to 7. 9. The device is a silicone hydrogel contact lens, and the lens has a contact angle of about 100° or less, a water content of at least about 25%, and an oxygen permeability of at least about 80 barrers, and is the ophthalmic device according to any one of clauses 1 to 8. 10. The visible light filtering compound includes a first visible light filtering compound and a second visible light filtering compound, and is the ophthalmic device according to any one of clauses 1 to 9. 11. The first visible light filtering compound includes the compound of formula I, and is the ophthalmic device according to clause 10. 12. The second visible light filtering compound includes the compound of formula II, and is the ophthalmic device according to clause 11 or 12. 13. The ophthalmic device according to clause 11 or 12, wherein the second visible light filtering compound comprises a compound of formula III or a compound of formula IV. 14. The ophthalmic device according to clause 11 or 12, wherein the second visible light filtering compound comprises a mixture of a compound of formula II and either (a) a compound of formula III or (b) a compound of formula IV. 15. An ophthalmic device which is a free radical reaction product of a reactive mixture, the reactive mixture comprising one or more monomers suitable for making an ophthalmic device, a first visible light filtering compound comprising a compound of formula I, and a second visible light filtering compound, the second visible light filtering compound comprising a compound of formula II, or a compound of formula III, or a compound of formula IV, or a mixture of a compound of formula II and a compound of formula III, or a mixture of a compound of formula II and a compound of formula IV. 【0271】 Some embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail in the following examples. 【Examples】 【0272】 Test method The ultraviolet-visible spectrum of the compound in solution was measured with a Perkin Elmer Lambda 45 or an Agilent Cary 6000i, or an Ocean Optics QE65 PRO (DH-2000-BAL light source) UV-VIS scanning spectrometer. The instrument was thermally equilibrated for at least 30 minutes before use. For the Perkin Elmer instrument, the scanning range was 200 - 800 nm, the scanning speed was 960 nm per minute, the slit width was 4 nm, the mode was set to transmission or absorbance, and baseline correction was selected. For the Cary instrument, the scanning range was 200 - 800 nm, the scanning speed was 600 nm / min, the slit width was 2 nm, the mode was transmission or absorbance, and baseline correction was selected. For the Ocean Optics instrument, the scanning range was 200 - 800 nm, the slit width was 10 μm, the mode was transmission or absorbance, and baseline correction was selected. Baseline correction was performed before analyzing the sample using the automatic zero function. 【0273】 The ultraviolet-visible spectrum of a contact lens partially formed from the claimed composition was measured using a packaging solution with a Perkin Elmer Lambda 45 UV / VIS, an Agilent Cary 6000i, or an Ocean Optics UV-VIS scanning spectrometer. Prior to use, the instrument was thermally equilibrated for at least 30 minutes. Baseline correction was performed using a plastic two-piece lens holder and a cuvette containing the same solvent. These two-piece contact lens holders were designed to hold the sample within a quartz cuvette at the position where the incident light beam traversed. The reference cuvette further accommodated the two-piece holder as well. To ensure that the thickness of the sample was constant, all lenses were fabricated using the same mold. The central thickness of the contact lens was measured using an electronic thickness gauge. The reported central thickness and transmittance spectrum were obtained by averaging the data of three individual lenses. 【0274】 It is important to ensure that the outer surface of the cuvette is completely clean and dry and that there are no air bubbles present within the cuvette. The reproducibility of the measurement is improved and it is ensured that both cuvettes are properly inserted into the instrument when the reference cuvette and its lens holder remain constant and all samples use the same sample cuvette and its lens holder. 【0275】 The refractive index (「RI」) of the contact lens was measured at a prism gap distance of 100 micrometers in the manual mode of a Leica ARIAS 500 Abbe refractometer or the automatic mode of a Reichert ARIAS 500 Abbe refractometer. The instrument was calibrated at 20 °C (±0.2 °C) using deionized water. The prism assembly was opened and the test lens was placed on the lower prism between the magnetic dots closest to the light source. If the prism was dry, a few drops of physiological saline were applied to the bottom prism. The front curvature of the lens was brought into contact with the bottom prism. Then, the prism assembly was closed. After adjusting the control unit so that the shadow line appeared in the reticle field of view, the refractive index was measured. The refractive index (RI) measurement was performed on 5 test lenses. The average refractive index (RI) calculated from the 5 measurements was recorded as the refractive index, together with its standard deviation. 【0276】 The water content was measured by the gravimetric method. The lenses were equilibrated in the packaging solution for 24 hours. Each of the 3 test lenses was removed from the packaging solution using a swab with a sponge tip and placed on a blotting wipe moistened with the packaging solution. Both sides of the lens were brought into contact with this wipe. Using tweezers, the test lens was placed in a weighing dish for weighing by air displacement and weighed. Two more samples were prepared and weighed. All weight measurements were performed 3 times and the average of those values was used for the calculation. The wet weight was defined as the total weight of the weighing dish and the wet lens minus the weight of the weighing dish alone. 【0277】 The dry weight was measured by placing the sample dish in a vacuum oven preheated at 60 °C for 30 minutes. Vacuum was applied until the pressure reached at least 1 inch Hg, although lower pressures were also tolerated. The vacuum valve and pump were turned off and the lens was dried for at least 12 hours (usually overnight). The purge valve was opened to allow dry air or dry nitrogen gas to enter. The oven was brought to atmospheric pressure. The weighing dish was taken out and weighed. The dry weight was defined as the total weight of the weighing dish and the dry lens minus the weight of the weighing dish alone. The water content of the test lens was calculated as follows: % water content = (wet weight - dry weight) / wet weight × 100. 【0278】 The average and standard deviation of the water content were calculated, and the average value was reported as the percent water content of the test lens. 【0279】 Oxygen permeability (「D k 」) was determined by applying the following changes to the polarographic method outlined in ISO9913-1:1996 and ISO18369-4:2006. Measurements were made in an environment containing 2.1% oxygen created by equipping the test chamber with a nitrogen inlet and an air inlet set to an appropriate ratio of, for example, 1800 mL / min of nitrogen and 200 mL / min of air. t / D k was calculated using the adjusted oxygen concentration. Phosphate buffered saline was used. Instead of using an MMA lens, the dark current was measured using a purely humidified nitrogen environment. The lens was not wiped before measurement. Instead of using lenses of various thicknesses (t) measured in centimeters, four lenses were stacked. When a curve sensor was used instead of a flat sensor, the radius was 7.8 mm. The calculation for the 7.8 mm radius sensor and 10% (v / v) air flow was performed as follows. D k / t = (measured current - dark current) X (2.97×10-8 mL O2) / (μA - sec - cm 2 -mmHg) 【0280】 Edge correction was associated with the D k of the material. For all D k values less than 90 barrers, t / D k (edge correction) = [1 + (5.88×t)] X (t / D k ) For D k values between 90 and 300 barrers, t / D k (edge correction) = [1 + (3.56×t)] X (t / D k ) For D k values greater than 300 barrers, t / D k (edge correction) = [1 + (3.16×t)] X (t / Dk ) 【0281】 Non-edge correction D k is calculated from the reciprocal of the slope obtained from the linear regression analysis of the data. The x variable is the central thickness in centimeters, and the y variable is t / D k value. On the other hand, edge correction D k (「EC D k 」) is calculated from the reciprocal of the slope obtained from the linear regression analysis of the data. The variable of x is the central thickness in centimeters, and the variable of y is the edge correction t / D k value. The obtained D k value was reported in bar units. 【0282】 The wettability of the lens was measured by the modified Wilhelmy plate method using a calibrated Kruss K100 surface tensiometer at room temperature (23 ± 4 °C) with surfactant-free borate buffered saline as the probe solution. All equipment must be clean and dry, and vibrations around the equipment must be minimized during the test. Wettability is usually reported as the advancing contact angle (「Kruss DCA」). The surface tensiometer is equipped with a humidity generator, and temperature and humidity gauges are placed inside the chamber of the surface tensiometer. The relative humidity was maintained at 70 ± 5%. The experiment was conducted by immersing a lens sample of known perimeter length in a packaging solution of known surface tension while measuring the force on the sample due to wetting with a sensitive balance. The advancing contact angle of the packaging solution on the lens is determined from the force data collected during sample immersion. The receding contact angle is similarly determined from the force data while removing the sample from the liquid. The Wilhelmy plate method is based on the following equation. Fg = γρcosθ - B where F = the wetting force (mg) between the liquid and the lens, g = the acceleration due to gravity (980.665 cm / sec 2) where γ = surface tension of the probe liquid (dyne / cm), ρ = perimeter length of the contact lens in the liquid / lens meniscus (cm), θ = dynamic contact angle (degrees), and B = buoyancy force (mg). B is zero at zero depth of immersion. Usually, the test specimens were cut from the central region of the contact lens. Each piece was approximately 5 mm wide and 14 mm long, attached to a metal clip using plastic tweezers, pierced with a metal wire hook, and equilibrated in the packaging solution for at least 3 hours. Then, each sample was cycled 4 times and the results were averaged to obtain the advancing and receding contact angles of the lens. The typical measurement speed was 12 mm / min. During data collection and analysis, the samples remained fully immersed in the packaging solution without contacting the metal clip. The reported advancing and receding contact angles of the experimental lens were obtained by averaging the values from 5 individual lenses. 【0283】 The wettability of the lens was measured using the sessile drop technique with a Kruss K100 (trademark) machine at room temperature, and deionized water was used as the probe solution (sessile drop). The lens to be tested was rinsed in deionized water to remove the packaging solution. Each test lens was placed on lint-free absorbent paper moistened with the packaging solution. The surfaces of both sides of the lens were brought into contact with this absorbent paper to remove the surface water without drying the lens. To ensure proper flattening, the lens was placed "dish down" on the convex surface of a contact lens plastic mold. The plastic mold and the lens were placed in a droplet instrument holder to ensure proper central syringe alignment. A droplet of 3 - 4 microliters of deionized water was formed on the tip of a syringe using DSA 100 - Drop Shape Analysis software such that the droplet would surely hang away from the lens. The droplet was smoothly released onto the surface of the lens by moving the needle downward. The needle was immediately retrieved after dispensing the droplet. The droplet was kept in equilibrium on the lens for 5 - 10 seconds, and the contact angle was measured between the droplet image and the lens surface. Typically, 3 - 5 lenses were evaluated and the average contact angle was reported. The contact angle was measured on both the front and back surfaces of the lens as indicated by the front curve ("FC") and base curve ("BC") in the table. 【0284】 The mechanical properties of the contact lens were measured using an Instron model 1122 or 5542 tensile testing machine equipped with a load cell and pneumatic grip control. A minus one diopter lens is the preferred lens geometry from its central uniform thickness profile. Dog-bone shaped samples cut from a -1 diopter spherical lens having a length of 0.522 inches, an "ear" width of 0.276 inches, and a "neck" width of 0.213 inches were placed in the grip and stretched at a constant strain rate of 2 inches per minute until breakage. The center thickness of the dog-bone sample was measured prior to testing using an electronic thickness gauge. The initial gauge length (L o ) and the sample length at break (L f) was measured. At least five specimens of each composition were measured and the average value was used to calculate the percent elongation to break. Percent elongation = [(L f - L o ) / L o × 100. The tensile modulus was calculated as the slope of the initial linear portion of the stress-strain curve, and the unit of the modulus is pounds per square inch or psi. The tensile strength was calculated from the peak load and the original cross-sectional area. Tensile strength = peak load divided by the original cross-sectional area. The unit of tensile strength is psi. Toughness was calculated from the energy to break and the original volume of the sample. Toughness = energy to break divided by the original volume of the sample. The unit of toughness is in-lbs / in 3 . 【0285】 To measure contact lens parameters in a packaging solution, a calibrated dual interferometry method was used. These parameters include the equivalent spherical power (diopters or D) at multiple apertures, the cylindrical power (diopters or D) at multiple apertures, diameter (millimeters or mm), central thickness (millimeters or mm), sagittal height (millimeters or mm), and the root mean square (RMS) optical path wavefront deviation from the lens design target in micrometers or microns (μm) with spherical / cylindrical power and removed coma aberration measured using a 6.5 millimeter aperture. This instrument consists of a custom-proprietary interferometer for the measurement of wavefront parameters and a Lumetrics OptiGauge® II low-coherence interferometer for the measurement of dimensional parameters of sagittal height and central thickness. The two individual instruments combined are similar to the Lumetrics Clearwave™ Plus, and the software is similar to Lumetrics OptiGauge Control Center v7.0 and later. In the Clearwave™ Plus, a camera is used to find the lens edge, then the lens center is calculated, and then a 1310 nanometer interferometer probe is aligned to the lens center to measure the sagittal height and central thickness. The propagated wavefront is also continuously collected using a wavefront sensor (Shack-Hartmann sensor). Multiple parameters from the transmitted wavefront of the contact lens are measured, and other parameters are calculated from these measurements. 【0286】 From the collected data, the difference terms are calculated by comparing the measured values from the target. These include the root mean square optical path wavefront deviation (RMS_65) in μm from the lens design target (spherical / cylindrical power and coma aberration removed) when measured using a 6.5 millimeter aperture, the second equivalent spherical power deviation (PW2EQD) in diopters (D) from the lens design target when measured using a 5 millimeter aperture, the deviation (DMD) from the lens design target diameter in mm, the deviation (BCD) from the lens design target base curve radius and lens diameter in mm when calculated from the sagittal height measured according to ISO18369-3, and the deviation (CTD) from the lens design target center thickness in mm. 【0287】 The following abbreviations are used throughout the examples and drawings and have the following meanings. L: liter mL: milliliter Equiv. or eq.: equivalent kg: kilogram g: gram mg: milligram mol: mole mmol: millimole M: molarity Da: Dalton or g / mol kDa: kilodalton, or atomic mass unit equal to 1,000 Daltons min: minute mm: millimeter cm: centimeter μm: micrometer nm: nanometer λ: wavelength wt%: weight percent Cmpd: compound TLC: thin layer chromatography 1 H NMR: proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy UV-VIS: ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy HEV: high energy visible (light) LED: light emitting diode mW: milliwatt AU: Absorbance unit %T: Percent transmittance BC: Base curve plastic mold FC: Front curve plastic mold PP: Polypropylene, which is a homopolymer of propylene TT: Tuftec (Asahi Kasei Chemicals), which is a hydrogenated styrene-butadiene block copolymer Z: Zeonor (Nippon Zeon Co Ltd), which is a polycyclic olefin thermoplastic polymer DMA: N,N-Dimethylacrylamide (Jarchem) HEMA: 2-Hydroxyethyl methacrylate (Bimax) PVP K90: Poly(N-vinylpyrrolidone) (ISP Ashland) EGDMA: Ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (Esstech) TEGDMA: Tetraethylene glycol dimethacrylate (Esstech) Tegomer MA: Bis-3-methacryloxy-2-hydroxypropyl-oxypropyl polydimethylsiloxane (M n = 2000 grams / mol, n = 20) (Shin Etsu) 【0288】 【Chem.】 Omnirad 1870: Blend of bis(2,6-dimethoxybenzoyl)-2,4,4-trimethyl-pentylphosphine oxide and 1-hydroxy-cyclohexyl-phenyl-ketone (IGM Resins or BASF or Ciba Specialty Chemicals) AIBN: Azobisisobutyronitrile [CAS 78-67-1] mPDMS: Mono-n-butyl end mono-methacryloxypropyl end polydimethylsiloxane (M n = 800 - 1500 Daltons) (Gelest) HO-mPDMS: Mono-n-butyl end mono-(2-hydroxy-3-methacryloxypropyloxy)-propyl end polydimethylsiloxane (M n = 400 - 1400 grams / mole) (Ortec or DSM-Polymer Technology Group) OH-mPDMS(n = 4): 【0289】 【Chem.】 OH-mPDMS(n = 15), which is an oligomer macromer with a number average degree of polymerization DP = 15: 【0290】 【Chem.】 SiMAA: 2-Propenoic acid, 2-methyl-2-hydroxy-3-[3-[1,3,3,3-tetramethyl-1-[(trimethylsilyl)oxy]disiloxanyl]propoxy]propyl ester (Toray), or 3-(3-(1,1,1,3,5,5,5-heptamethyltrisiloxan-3-yl)propoxy)-2-hydroxypropyl methacrylate Norbloc: 2-(2'-Hydroxy-5-methacryloxyethylphenyl)-2H-benzotriazole (Janssen) RB247: 1,4-Bis[2--methacryloxyethylamino]-9,10-anthraquinone 【0291】 【Chem.】 Compound B: 2-(2-Cyano-2-(2-methoxy-10-butylacridin-9(10H)-ylidene)acetamido)ethyl methacrylate 【0292】 【Chem.】 Compound C: 2-(2-Cyano-2-(9H-thioxanthen-9-ylidene)acetamido)ethyl methacrylate (prepared as described in U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 20210061934) 【0293】 【Chem.】 Compound D: 3-((9-(Dicyanomethylene)-9H-xanthen-3-yl)oxy)propyl methacrylate 【0294】 【Chem.】 D3O: 3,7-Dimethyl-3-octanol (Vigon) DIW: Deionized water IPA: Isopropyl alcohol CDCl3: Deuterated chloroform HCl: Hydrochloric acid Borate buffer packing solution: 18.52 grams (300 mmol) of boric acid, 3.7 grams (9.7 mmol) of sodium borate decahydrate, and 28 grams (197 mmol) of sodium sulfate were dissolved in sufficient deionized water to fill a 2-liter volumetric flask. 【0295】 Example 1: Synthesis of 2-(2-Cyano-2-(2-methoxy-10-propylacridin-9(10H)-ylidene)acetamido)ethyl methacrylate (Compound A) shown in Scheme 1 【0296】 【Chem.】 【0297】 2-Iodobenzoic acid (12.40 g, ca. 0.05 mol), 12.32 g of 4-methoxyaniline (ca. 2 equivalents), 6.91 g of potassium carbonate anhydrous (ca. 0.05 mol), and 300 mg of copper powder (4.76 mmol) were placed in a 100 mL three-necked round-bottom flask equipped with a magnetic stir bar and a reflux condenser. Deionized water (30 mL) was added to the solid mixture, and the system was heated to reflux for 6 hours with constant stirring. The mixture was cooled to room temperature to solidify. The system was diluted with deionized water and slowly poured into 1 N aqueous hydrochloric acid solution with stirring. The mixture was stirred at room temperature for 30 minutes, then filtered through a fritted glass funnel and dried in a vacuum oven at 60 °C. The residue 2-((4-methoxyphenyl)amino)benzoic acid was washed with 3 × 100 mL of deionized water and used "as is" for intramolecular cyclization. 1 H NMR (CDCl3) - δ 3.81 (3H, s), 6.66 (1H, t), 6.89 - 6.93 (3H, m), 7.16 (2H, d), 7.27 (1H, t), 7.99 (1H, d), 9.12 (1H, bs). 【0298】 Into a 250 mL round-bottom flask equipped with a magnetic stir bar and a reflux condenser, 12.5 g of 2-((4-methoxyphenyl)amino)benzoic acid and 100 mL of Eaton's acid (10 wt% P2O5 in methanesulfonic acid) were placed. While monitoring the progress by TLC, the mixture was heated at 90 °C (mantle temperature) for 5 hours with constant stirring. After cooling to room temperature, the reaction mixture was poured into ice, stirred for 30 minutes, and filtered through a fritted glass funnel. The residue, 2-methoxyacridin-9(10H)-one, was washed with deionized water (3 × 100 mL), followed by washing with acetonitrile, and dried in a vacuum oven at 60 °C. 1 H NMR (DMSO d6) - δ 3.86 (3H, s), 7.23 (1H, t), 7.41 (1H, dd), 7.52 (1H, d), 7.53 (1H, d), 7.63 (1H, d), 7.70 (1H, dt), 8.23 (1H, d). 【0299】 A 250 mL round-bottom flask equipped with a magnetic stir bar and a reflux condenser was charged with 5.4 g of 2-methoxyacridin-9(10H)-one (0.0244 mol) and 12.9 g of cesium carbonate (ca. 1.5 equiv). The solid was dried under vacuum at 80 °C, and then the system was placed under a nitrogen blanket and 80 mL of anhydrous N,N-dimethylformamide was added to the flask. 1-Bromopropane (6.0 g, ca. 2 equiv) was added to the flask and the mixture was heated at 50 °C (mantle temperature) for 36 h. TLC indicated the presence of two compounds (the O-alkylated compound and the N-alkylated compound). The organics were poured into 200 mL of deionized water and extracted into ca. 150 mL of ethyl acetate. The organics were then washed with water (3 × 100 mL), followed by washing with dilute aqueous HCl (3 × 100 mL) to remove the O-alkylated acridine byproduct, and finally washed with deionized water. TLC of the organics indicated the presence of a single compound at this point, namely 2-methoxy-10-propylacridin-9(10H)-one, which was dried under reduced pressure and used in subsequent transformations. 1 1H NMR (CDCl3) - δ 1.12 (3H, t), 1.93 (2H, m), 4.28 (2H, dd), 7.25 (1H, ddd), 7.35 (1H, dd), 7.45 (1H, dd), 7.66 (1H, m), 7.96 (1H, d), 7.57 (1H, dd). 【0300】 Into a 250 mL three-necked round-bottom flask equipped with a magnetic stir bar and a reflux condenser, 4.5 g of 2-methoxy-10-propylacridin-9(10H)-one (0.017 mol) and 6.4 g of N-2-methacryloxyethyl-2-cyanoacetamide (0.033 mol) were added. The system was placed under a nitrogen blanket, 20 mL of dichloromethane was added to the mixture, and the mixture was stirred until homogeneous. After cooling the system in an ice bath, titanium tetrachloride (4.5 mL, 7.78 g, 0.041 mol) was added dropwise to the mixture, and stirring was continued for an additional 15 minutes. 5 mL (4.9 g, 0.06 mol) of pyridine was added to the mixture, which was warmed to ambient temperature and then heated to reflux for 8 hours. After cooling the mixture to room temperature, it was poured onto dilute aqueous HCl, and the resulting mixture was extracted into dichloromethane. The volatiles were evaporated under reduced pressure, and the resulting Compound A was purified by flash chromatography. 1 1H NMR (CDCl3) - δ 1.07 (3H, t), 1.87 (3H, s), 1.91 (2H, m), 3.58 (2H, dd), 3.85 (3H, s), 4.07 (2H, dd), 4.18 (2H, t), 5.5 (1H, dd), 6.03 (1H, ss), 6.07 (1H, t), 7.07 (1H, t), 7.14 (1H, dd), 7.23 (2H, two doublets), 7.48 (1H, m), 7.92 (1H, bs). 【0301】 Example 2: Synthesis of 2-(2-cyano-2-(2-methoxy-10-butylacridin-9(10H)-ylidene)acetamido)ethyl methacrylate (Compound B) shown in Scheme 2 【0302】 【Chemical formula】 【0303】 A 200 mL round-bottom flask equipped with a magnetic stir bar and a reflux condenser was charged with 10.0 g of 2-methoxyacridin-9(10H)-one (0.044 mol) and 19.6 g of cesium carbonate (ca. 1.25 equiv). The solids were dried under vacuum at 80 °C, and then the system was placed under a nitrogen blanket and 60 mL of DMSO was added to the flask. 1-Bromobutane (7.55 g, ca. 1.25 equiv) was added to the flask and the mixture was heated at 110 °C (mantle temperature) for 6 h. Two products with very close retention factors and inseparable by chromatography were observed by TLC. The cooled suspension was poured into 500 mL of deionized water and the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 30 min. The organics were extracted into ethyl acetate and washed with deionized water (3 × 200 mL). The NMR of the organics showed the presence of an O-alkylated acridine derivative in addition to the desired compound, 2-methoxy-10-butylacridin-9(10H)-one. This material could be used “as is” for the Knoevenagel condensation. Preferably, the crude product was washed with dilute aqueous HCl to remove the O-alkylated acridine derivative and pure 2-methoxy-10-butylacridin-9(10H)-one was obtained. 1 1H NMR (CDCl3) - δ 1.05 (3H, t), 1.55 (2H, m), 1.82 (2H, m), 4.31 (2H, dd), 7.25 (1H, ddd), 7.34 (1H, dd), 7.45 (1H, dd), 7.68 (1H, m), 7.96 (1H, d), 8.56 (1H, dd). 【0304】 A 250 mL three-neck round-bottom flask equipped with a magnetic stir bar and a reflux condenser was charged with 10.0 of a crude product mixture containing 2-methoxy-10-butylacridin-9(10H)-one and 15 g of N-2-methacryloxyethyl-2-cyanoacetamide. The system was placed under a nitrogen blanket and 150 mL of dichloromethane was added to the mixture and stirred until homogeneous. After cooling the system in an ice bath, titanium tetrachloride (10 mL, 17.3 g, 1.092 mol) was added dropwise to the mixture and stirring was continued for an additional 15 min. 10 mL (9.82 g, 0.12 mol) of pyridine was added to the mixture, which was warmed to ambient temperature and then heated to reflux for 8 h. 【0305】 TLC indicated the presence of several compounds, including unreacted O-alkylated derivatives present in the starting material mixture. The main product, compound B, was a slightly more polar, dark brownish-orange species, which was isolated after quenching the system in dilute aqueous HCl, followed by extraction with water and chromatography. 1 1H NMR (CDCl3) - δ 1.04 (3H, t), 1.51 (2H, m), 1.87 (3H, s, 2H, m), 3.58 (2H, dd), 3.84 (3H, s), 4.12 (2H, dd), 4.19 (2H, t), 5.55 (1H, dd), 6.03 (1H, bs), 6.07 (1H, t), 7.07 (1H, t), 7.15 (1H, dd), 7.25 (2H, two doublets), 7.48 (1H, t), 7.75 (1H, bs), 7.92 (1H, bs). 【0306】 An alternative synthesis of compound B is shown in Scheme 3 【0307】 【Chemical Structure】 【0308】 Synthesis of 2-(2-(10-butyl-2-methoxyacridin-9(10H)-ylidene)-2-cyanoacetamido)ethyl methacrylate or Compound B when R is n-butyl: In a 500 mL three-necked RBF equipped with a magnetic stir bar and a reflux condenser, 9.43 g of triphenylphosphine (36 mmol) and 120 mL of anhydrous dichloromethane were placed. Bromine (5.76 g, 33 mmol) was added dropwise to the solution, and this was stirred for an additional 30 minutes at room temperature. Then, 10-butyl-2-methoxyacridin-9(10H)-one (8.43 g, 30 mmol) was added to the mixture, and the mixture was heated to reflux for 18 hours. 2-(2-Cyanoacetamido)ethyl methacrylate (8.23 g, 36 mmol, 1.4 equivalents) was added to the reaction mixture, and this was heated and stirred for an additional 8 hours. At this point, by TLC, very little starting material was observed, and an orange-brown compound was observed at the baseline. The mixture was cooled to room temperature, 150 mL of aqueous sodium carbonate solution (about 10.6 g, 100 mmol of dissolved Na2CO3) was added, and the mixture was stirred for 30 minutes. Treatment with base gave the desired compound. The aqueous layer was extracted with additional dichloromethane. The organics were removed under reduced pressure, and the product was purified by chromatography. The crude material was first flash passed through silica gel using dichloromethane and ethyl acetate to remove polar components. Then, after loading this material with a minimal amount of methylene chloride, the desired product was obtained in greater than 80% yield by a second pass using ethyl acetate / hexane or diethyl ether / hexane. 【0309】 Selected absorbance characteristics of Compound A and Compound B are shown in Table 1. 【0310】 【Table 6】 1 λ max Full width at half maximum (FWHM) at 【0311】 The UV-VIS absorption spectra of 0.1 mM methanol solutions of Compound A and Compound B are shown in Figure 1 and are overlaid on the literature spectrum of lutein. 【0312】 Example 3: Contact Lens A reactive monomer mixture composed of 77 weight percent of the formulation listed in Table 2 and 23 weight percent of diluent D3O was prepared. The reactive monomer mixture was filtered through a 3 μm filter using a stainless steel syringe under pressure. 【0313】 【Table 7】 【0314】 The reactive monomer mixture was degassed at ambient temperature by applying a vacuum (about 40 Torr) for at least 20 minutes. Next, in a glove box containing a nitrogen gas atmosphere and less than about 0.1 - 0.2 percent oxygen gas, about 75 μL of the reactive mixture was introduced into an FC prepared from a 90:10 (w / w) Z:TT blend at room temperature using an Eppendorf pipette. Then, a BC prepared from a 90:10 (w / w) Z:TT blend was placed on the FC. The mold was equilibrated in the glove box for at least 12 hours before dispensing. A pallet containing eight mold assemblies each was transferred into an adjacent glove box maintained at 62 °C, and the lens was cured from the top to the bottom for 10 minutes using a 405 nm light-emitting diode light having an intensity of about 2.0 mW / cm 2 and curing the lens from the top to the bottom for 10 minutes. 【0315】 Remove the lens from the mold by hand, demold it by floating the lens in approximately 70% IPA of about 1 liter for about 1 hour, then soak it twice in fresh 70% IPA for 30 minutes; then soak it overnight in DIW; then soak it in fresh DIW for 30 minutes; then soak it in the packaging solution for 30 minutes. Finally, the lens was equilibrated and stored in a borate buffered packaging solution. Those skilled in the art understand that the exact lens demolding process can be varied depending on the lens formulation and mold material with respect to the concentration of the aqueous isopropanol solution, the number of washes in each solvent, and the duration of each step. The purpose of the lens demolding process is to demold all of the lenses without damage and to transfer from a network swollen with a diluent to a hydrogel swollen with a packaging solution. 【0316】 The UV-VIS transmission spectra of two different sets of lenses (Examples 3A and 3B) in a borate buffered packaging solution are shown in Figure 2. 【0317】 Example 4: Thermal Stability and Photochemical Stability Tests A reactive monomer mixture composed of 77 wt% formulation listed in Table 3 and 23 wt% diluent D3O was prepared. From the reactive monomer mixture, the lens was cured using both-sided 395 nm LED curing with an intensity of 1.5 mW / cm for 4 minutes, followed by 5 mW / cm for 4 minutes, and the lens was manufactured on a pilot production line. The lens was packaged in a standard blister pack together with a borate buffered packaging solution containing approximately 50 ppm methyl ethyl cellulose. The lens (Example 4A) was sterilized at 121 °C for about 18 minutes. 2 of intensity, followed by 5 mW / cm for 4 minutes 2 using, and the lens was cured using both-sided 395 nm LED curing and the lens was manufactured on a pilot production line. The lens was packaged in a standard blister pack together with a borate buffered packaging solution containing approximately 50 ppm methyl ethyl cellulose. The lens (Example 4A) was sterilized at 121 °C for about 18 minutes. 【0318】 【Table 8】 【0319】 The lens of Example 4A (control lens) was taken out of the original blister package and placed in individual glass vials containing 5 mL of boric acid buffer packaging solution. The vials containing these lenses were stored in a stability chamber at 89 °C for 1 month. The lens parameters, mechanical properties, and UV-VIS spectral properties (average percent transmittance over a range of wavelengths) of these heat-treated lenses (Example 4B) were then measured and compared with the control lens. The data are shown in Tables 4 to 6. The standard deviation is shown in parentheses. The UV-VIS spectra of Examples 4A and 4B are shown in Figure 3. 【0320】 The blister package containing the lens of Example 4A was placed in a controlled photostability chamber (with the foil side down and the bowl side up so that the lens in the bowl could be exposed to light). The photostability chamber was maintained at 25 °C ± 2 °C and under environmental relative humidity. Next, these lenses were exposed to visible light at 1.5 million lux hours (exposure for 168.8 hours), and then to ultraviolet light at 259.4 watt hours / m 2 (exposure for 16.2 hours). The lens parameters, mechanical properties, and UV-VIS spectral properties (average percent transmittance over a range of wavelengths) of these light-stressed lenses (Example 4C) were then measured and compared with the control lens. The data are shown in Tables 4 to 7. The standard deviation is shown in parentheses. The UV-VIS spectrum of Example 4C is also shown in Figure 3. 【0321】 【Table 9】 【0322】 【Table 10】 【0323】 【Table 11】 【0324】 【Table 12】 1 At the maximum of visible light absorption 【0325】 As indicated by small changes in lens parameters, mechanical properties, and UV-VIS transmission spectra after heat treatment or exposure, the chromophore of Formula I (e.g., Compound B) appears to have both thermal and photostability in contact lenses while substantially mimicking the UV-VIS spectrum of macular pigment. 【0326】 Example 5 A reactive monomer mixture consisting of 77 weight percent of the formulation listed in Table 8 and 23 weight percent of diluent D3O was prepared. From these reactive monomer mixtures, lenses were manufactured on a pilot production line using double-sided 395 nm LED curing at an intensity of 0.5 mW / cm 2 for 4 minutes, followed by 3 mW / cm 2 for 4 minutes at 70 °C with an oxygen gas concentration of less than 5% (v / v). The FC was made from a 90:10 (w / w) Z / TT blend, and the BC was made from a 90:10 (w / w) Z:TT blend. The lenses were removed from the mold by floating the mold assembly in 70 percent IPA for about 1 hour, followed by dipping twice in fresh 70 percent IPA for 30 minutes, and then washing several times with DIW. Finally, the lenses were packaged in standard blister packs with a boric acid buffered packaging solution containing about 50 ppm of methyl ethyl cellulose. The lenses of Example 5 were sterilized by autoclaving at 121 °C for about 18 minutes. 【0327】 The physical and mechanical properties of the lenses of Example 5 were measured and listed in Table 8. The UV-VIS transmission spectra of the lenses of Example 5 were measured and shown in Figure 4. 【0328】 Example 6 A reactive monomer mixture consisting of 77 weight percent of the formulation listed in Table 8 and 23 weight percent of diluent D3O was prepared. From these reactive monomer mixtures, 2 mW / cm 2for 4 minutes at the intensity of, followed by 12 mW / cm 2 for 4 minutes at 70 °C with an oxygen gas concentration of less than 5% (v / v), double-sided 435 nm LED curing was used to manufacture lenses on a pilot production line. The FC was made from a 90:10 (w / w) Z / TT blend, and the BC was made from a 90:10 (w / w) Z:TT blend. The lens was removed from the mold by floating the mold assembly in 70 percent IPA for about 1 hour, followed by dipping twice in fresh 70 percent IPA for 30 minutes, and then washing several times with DIW. Finally, the lens was packaged in a standard blister pack with a boric acid buffered packaging solution containing about 50 ppm of methyl ethyl cellulose. The lens of Example 6 was sterilized by autoclaving at 121 °C for about 18 minutes. 【0329】 The physical and mechanical properties of the lens of Example 6 were measured and listed in Table 8. The UV-VIS transmission spectrum of the lens of Example 6 was measured and shown in Figure 4. 【0330】 Example 7 A reactive monomer mixture composed of 77 weight percent of the formulation listed in Table 8 and 23 weight percent of diluent D3O was prepared. From the reactive monomer mixture, lenses were made by thermosetting using AIBN at 90 °C for 180 minutes in a glove box and a nitrogen gas atmosphere. The FC and BC were made of 1430R Zeonor. The lens was removed from the mold by floating the mold assembly in 70 percent IPA for about 1 hour, followed by dipping twice in fresh 70 percent IPA for 30 minutes, and then washing several times with DIW. Finally, the lens was packaged in a standard blister pack with a boric acid buffered packaging solution containing about 50 ppm of methyl ethyl cellulose. The lens was sterilized by autoclaving at 121 °C for about 18 minutes. 【0331】 The physical and mechanical properties of the lens of Example 7 were measured and listed in Table 8. The spectral properties of the lenses of Examples 1 to 3 are shown in Table 9. The UV-VIS transmission spectrum of the lens was measured and shown in FIG. 4. The UV-VIS spectrum of the thermally cured lens of Example 7 was almost identical to the UV-VIS spectrum of the photochemically cured lens of Example 6 made from the same formulation. Furthermore, the lenses of Example 6 and Example 7 absorb significantly more HEV light than the lens of Example 5. 【0332】 【Table 13】 【0333】 【Table 14】 【0334】 Example 8 A reactive monomer mixture composed of 77 weight percent of the formulation listed in Table 10 and 23 weight percent of diluent D3O was prepared. From the reactive monomer mixture, a lens was made by thermally curing using AIBN at 90 °C for 180 minutes in a glove box and a nitrogen gas atmosphere. FC and BC were made of 1430R Zeonor. The lens was removed from the mold by floating the mold assembly in 70 percent IPA for about 1 hour, followed by dipping twice in fresh 70 percent IPA for 30 minutes, and then washing several times with DIW. Finally, the lens was packaged in a standard blister pack with a boric acid buffered packaging solution containing about 50 ppm of methyl ethyl cellulose. The lens was sterilized by autoclaving at 121 °C for about 18 minutes. The physical and mechanical properties of the lens of Example 8 were measured and listed in Table 10. The spectral properties of the lens of Example 8 are shown in Table 11. The UV-VIS transmission spectrum of the lens was measured and shown in FIG. 5. 【0335】 【Table 15】 【0336】 【Table 16】 【0337】 Example 9 Reactive monomer mixtures 9A and 9B were formed by mixing the reactive components listed in Table 12 with diluent D3O, and the weight ratio of reactive components to diluent was 77:23 (w / w). The resulting formulation was independently filtered through a 3 μm filter and degassed by applying a vacuum (about 40 mmHg). The target spherical power of the mold design was a nominal minus 1 diopter. Both FC and BC were made from a 90:10 (w / w) Z / TT blend. The mold was equilibrated in a glove box for at least 12 hours prior to dispensing. Lenses were manufactured on a pilot production line using 435 nm LED curing on both sides. Approximately 5 μL of reactive mixture 9A was introduced into FC at room temperature in a nitrogen gas atmosphere and about 0.8 percent oxygen gas. Subsequently, approximately 75 μL of reactive mixture 9B was introduced onto the micro-dose of 9A. BC was placed on top of FC. The mold assembly was equilibrated at 70 °C for 6 - 7 minutes and then cured from the top and bottom using 435 nm LED light at 2 mW / cm 2 for 6 - 7 minutes, followed by 5 mW / cm 2 for 6 - 7 minutes. The mold assembly was floated in 70 percent IPA for about 1 hour, followed by dipping twice in fresh 70 percent IPA for 30 minutes, and then washed several times with DIW to remove the lens from the mold. Finally, the lens was packaged in a standard blister pack with a boric acid buffered packaging solution containing approximately 50 ppm of methyl ethyl cellulose. The lens was sterilized by autoclaving at 121 °C for approximately 18 minutes. 【0338】 The physical and mechanical properties of the sterilized Example 9C lenses were measured and listed in Table 12. The UV-VIS transmission spectrum of the Example 9C lenses was measured and shown in Figure 6. 【0339】 【Table 17】 【0340】 Example 10. Synthesis of 3-((9-(dicyanomethylene)-9H-xanthen-3-yl)oxy)propyl methacrylate (Compound D) shown in Scheme 4. 【0341】 【Chemical formula】 【0342】 Synthesis of propyl 3-((9-oxo-9H-xanthen-3-yl)oxy)acetate: A suspension of 3-hydroxy-9H-xanthen-9-one (42.4 grams, 0.2 mol), 70.0 grams of Cs2CO3 (0.2 mol), and sodium iodide (200 milligrams of catalyst) was dried under vacuum in a 500 mL round-bottom flask containing a magnetic stir bar. Anhydrous DMSO (250 mL) was added, followed by 2-chloroethyl methacrylate (30.0 grams, 0.2 mol). The reaction mixture was stirred at 70 °C overnight. Monitoring by TLC showed complete consumption of hydroxyxanthenone with formation of a less polar derivative. The reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature and slowly poured into aqueous hydrochloric acid with continuous stirring. After stirring for 30 minutes, an off-white solid was isolated by vacuum filtration using a fritted glass funnel. The filter cake was washed with deionized water and then twice with 200 mL of hexane. Propyl 3-((9-oxo-9H-xanthen-3-yl)oxy)acetate was dried to constant weight under vacuum at 60 °C. 【0343】 Synthesis of 3-((9-oxo-9H-xanthen-3-yl)oxy)propyl alcohol: 27 grams of propyl 3-((9-oxo-9H-xanthen-3-yl)oxy)acetate was stirred in about 700 mL of methanol at room temperature while 20 mL of 10N aqueous sodium hydroxide solution was added to the mixture, followed by the addition of about 30 mL of deionized water. Monitoring by TLC indicated that the hydrolysis reaction was complete within a few minutes. The mixture was slowly acidified by the addition of aqueous hydrochloric acid solution, and then 150 mL of deionized water was added while the system was continuously stirred. 3-((9-oxo-9H-xanthen-3-yl)oxy)propyl alcohol was isolated by vacuum filtration using a fritted glass funnel, washed with additional amounts of water, and finally dried in a vacuum oven at 60 °C. 【0344】 Synthesis of 3-((9-oxo-9H-xanthen-3-yl)oxy)propyl methacrylate: 25 grams of 3-((9-oxo-9H-xanthen-3-yl)oxy)propanol and 15 mL (10.89 grams) of triethylamine were stirred in 300 mL of anhydrous acetonitrile in a 1-liter three-necked round-bottom flask equipped with a magnetic stir bar and a reflux condenser. Methacryloyl chloride (9.9 grams) was added dropwise to this flask, and the mixture was stirred for 1 hour. The volatile components were evaporated under reduced pressure, and the resulting solid was washed, filtered through a fritted glass funnel, and rinsed with deionized water. The residue was further washed with aqueous hydrochloric acid solution, followed by further washing with deionized water and finally with hexane. Then, 3-((9-oxo-9H-xanthen-3-yl)oxy)propyl methacrylate was dried in a rotary evaporator maintained at a bath temperature of less than 20 °C. 【0345】 Synthesis of 3-((9-(dicyanomethylene)-9H-xanthen-3-yl)oxy)propyl methacrylate (Compound D): 6.76 grams of 3-((9-oxo-9H-xanthen-3-yl)oxy)propyl methacrylate and 15 mL of thionyl chloride were heated at 65 °C (mantle temperature) for 2 hours in a round-bottom flask equipped with a magnetic stir bar and a reflux condenser. The mixture was cooled to room temperature and the excess thionyl chloride was evaporated under reduced pressure while maintaining the bath temperature below 20 °C. 3.96 grams of malononitrile was added to the flask, followed by 25 mL of anhydrous dichloromethane, and the mixture was stirred and gently refluxed for 2 hours. The mixture was cooled to room temperature and then passed through a short silica gel plug eluting with methylene chloride. The volatile components were evaporated under reduced pressure while maintaining the temperature below 20 °C, and then the solid was suspended in cold methanol (100 mL) and stirred for 20 minutes. The crude product was isolated by vacuum filtration and the filter cake was washed with additional cold methanol. 3-((9-(dicyanomethylene)-9H-xanthen-3-yl)oxy)propyl methacrylate was further purified by passing it through a silica gel column eluting with methylene chloride. 1 H NMR (500 MHz, CDCl3) - δ 1.95 (3H, CH3), 2.25 (2H, m, CH2), 4.20 (2H, t, CH2 benzylic), 4.37 (2H, t, CH2O ester), 5.59 (1H, m, vinylic), 6.12 (1H, m, vinylic), 6.90 (1H, d Ar-H), 6.97 (1H, dd, Ar-H), 7.40 (1H, ddd, Ar-H), 7.45 (1H, dd, Ar-H), 7.68 (1H, ddd, Ar-H), 8.50 (1H, d, Ar-H), 8.57 (1H, dd, Ar-H). The UV-VIS absorbance spectra of Compound C and Compound D are shown in Figure 7. Compound D had a molar extinction coefficient of 19341 L·mol max = 396 nanometers, calculated in 0.2 mM dichloromethane, of -1 ·cm -1 . 【0346】 Synthesis of (9,10-dioxo-9,10-dihydroanthracene-1,4-diyl)bis(azanediyl))bis(ethane-2,1-diyl))bis(oxy))bis(ethane-2,1-diyl))bis(oxy))bis(ethane-2,1-diyl bis(2-methylacrylate) shown in Scheme 5. 【0347】 【Chemical formula】 【0348】 Anthracene-1,4,9,10-tetraol (75 grams, 0.3096 mol), 2-ethoxyethanol (225 mL), 2-(2-(2-aminoethoxy)ethoxy)ethan-1-ol (161.58 grams, 1.083 mol), and sodium dithionite (107.81 grams, 0.6192 mol) were added to a high-pressure steam treatment chamber at ambient temperature under a nitrogen atmosphere. The reaction mixture was vigorously stirred at 85 °C for 16 hours under a nitrogen gas pressure of 5 kilograms. The progress of the reaction was monitored by thin-layer chromatography (5% methanol in dichloromethane). When the reaction was complete, the reaction mixture was cooled to ambient temperature. Dichloromethane (2000 mL) and deionized water (1000 mL) were added, and the reactive mixture was stirred for 5 - 7 minutes. The organic layer was separated, and the aqueous layer was extracted with dichloromethane (500 mL). The combined organic layers were washed with water (2 × 1000 mL) and brine (2 × 1000 mL). Activated carbon (75 grams) was added to the organic layer and stirred overnight at room temperature. The activated carbon was removed by filtration through celite and washed with dichloromethane (3000 mL). The filtrate was dried over sodium sulfate and filtered. The solvent was removed under reduced pressure to obtain crude 1,4-bis((2-(2-(2-hydroxyethoxy)ethoxy)ethyl)amino)anthracene-9,10-dione (126 grams). The crude product was stirred in ethyl acetate (1000 mL) at 60 °C for 1 hour, followed by stirring at ambient temperature for 14 - 16 hours. The solid was filtered, washed with ethyl acetate (300 mL), and the residue was air-dried at 45 °C for 14 - 16 hours to obtain 1,4-bis((2-(2-(2-hydroxyethoxy)ethoxy)ethyl)amino)anthracene-9,10-dione 100.0 grams; yield = 64%) as a blue solid. 1 H-NMR(DMSO-d 6 ,400MHz): δ 3.70 - 3.45 (m, 24H), 7.51 (s, 2H), 7.78 (m, 2H), 8.25 (m, 2H), 10.89 (br s, 2H). 【0349】 To a solution of 1,4-bis((2-(2-(2-hydroxyethoxy)ethoxy)ethyl)amino)anthracene-9,10-dione (75.0 g, 0.1493 mol) in tetrahydrofuran (1500 mL) was added triethylamine (302.1 g, 414.97 mL, 2.9866 mol) at ambient temperature. After stirring for 15 minutes, a solution of methacryloyl chloride (62.43 g, 58.35 mL, 0.5973 mol) in tetrahydrofuran (150 mL) was added dropwise while maintaining the reaction temperature at 0 °C to -5 °C. The reaction mixture was stirred at 0 to -5 °C for 1 hour, and the progress of the reaction was monitored by thin layer chromatography (5% methanol in dichloromethane). When the reaction was complete, ethyl acetate (3000 mL) and deionized water (2000 mL) were added at 10 to 15 °C, and the reaction mixture was stirred for 8 to 10 minutes. The organic layer was separated, and the aqueous layer was extracted with ethyl acetate (3 × 1000 mL). The combined organic extracts were washed with deionized water (4 × 2000 mL) and brine (1000 mL), dried over sodium sulfate, and filtered. The solvent was removed under reduced pressure to obtain a crude product (86 g), which was then purified by column chromatography using silica gel (2.8 kg) with a mesh size of 230 to 400, eluting with 0.1 to 0.5% methanol in dichloromethane, to give (9,10-dioxo-9,10-dihydroanthracene-1,4-diyl)bis(azanediyl))bis(ethane-2,1-diyl))bis(oxy))bis(ethane-2,1-diyl))bis(oxy))bis(ethane-2,1-diyl)bis(2-methylacrylate) (22 g; yield = 23%) as a blue solid. 1 H-NMR(DMSO-d 6, 400 MHz): δ 1.83 (s, 6H), 4.20 - 4.16 (m, 20H), 4.21 (m, 4H), 5.62 (s, 2H), 5.98 (s, 2H), 7.5 (s, 2H), 7.77 (m, 2H), 8.23 (m, 2H), 10.87 (t, 2H, J = 5.2, 5.6 Hz). The UV-VIS absorption spectrum of N,N'-(((((((9,10-dioxo-9,10-dihydroanthracene-1,4-diyl)bis(azanediyl))bis(ethane-2,1-diyl))bis(oxy))bis(ethane-2,1-diyl))bis(oxy))bis(ethane-2,1-diyl)bis(2-methylacrylate) in a 0.2 mM methanol solution is shown in Figure 8. 【0350】 Example 12. Synthesis of N,N'-(((((((9,10-dioxo-9,10-dihydroanthracene-1,4-diyl)bis(azanediyl))bis(ethane-2,1-diyl))bis(oxy))bis(ethane-2,1-diyl))bis(oxy))bis(ethane-2,1-diyl))diacrylamide shown in Scheme 6. 【0351】 【Chemical formula】 【0352】 Anthracene-1,4,9,10-tetraol (10.0 grams, 0.042 mol), 2,2'-(ethane-1,2-diylbis(oxy))bis(ethan-1-amine) (61.17 grams, 0.413 mol), and sodium bisulfite (10.0 grams, 0.058 mol) were added to a tube at ambient temperature and then sealed. The reaction mixture was stirred at 85 °C for 16 hours. The progress of the reaction was monitored by thin layer chromatography (20% methanol in dichloromethane). After the reaction was complete, the reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature and deionized water (250 mL) and dichloromethane (250 mL) were added. The aqueous layer was extracted with dichloromethane (250 mL). The combined organic extracts were washed with deionized water (250 mL) and brine (250 mL). The organic phase was then dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, filtered, and evaporated under reduced pressure to give a crude product (23 grams), which was used in the next step without further purification. 【0353】 A solution of 1,4-bis((2-(2-(2-aminoethoxy)ethoxy)ethyl)amino)anthracene-9,10-dione (23.0 g, 0.046 mol) in dichloromethane (690 mL) was slowly added with triethylamine (46.5 grams, 64 mL, 0.46 mol) at ambient temperature, and then a solution of acryloyl chloride (12.4 grams, 10.8 mL, 0.1379 mol) in dichloromethane (46 mL) was added dropwise while maintaining the reaction temperature at 0 °C to 5 °C, followed by stirring for 2 hours. The progress of the reaction was monitored by thin layer chromatography (5% methanol in dichloromethane). When the reaction was complete, saturated sodium bicarbonate solution (300 mL) was added to the reaction mixture at 0 - 5 °C. The organic layer was separated, and the aqueous layer was extracted with dichloromethane (2 × 230 mL). The combined organic extracts were washed with deionized water (460 mL) and brine (460 mL), dried over sodium sulfate, filtered, and evaporated under reduced pressure at 30 °C to obtain N,N’-(((((((9,10-dioxo-9,10-dihydroanthracene-1,4-diyl)bis(azanediyl))bis(ethane-2,1-diyl))bis(oxy))bis(ethane-2,1-diyl))bis(oxy))bis(ethane-2,1-diyl))diacrylamide (27 grams). Then, the crude product was purified by column chromatography using silica gel of 100 - 200 mesh size, eluting with 0.2 - 0.6% methanol / dichloromethane to obtain a blue solid (yield 65%). 1 H-NMR(DMSO-d 6 ,400 MHz): δ 3.71 - 3.28 (m, 24H), 5.56 (s, J = 10.8 Hz, 2H), 6.09 (d, J = 16.8 Hz, 2H), 6.24 (m, 2H), 7.47 (s, 2H), 7.85 (m, 2H), 8.24 - 8.15 (m, 4H), 10.86 (br s, 2H). 【0354】 Example 13 - Synthesis (predicted) of 1-cyano-2-oxo-1-(9H-thioxanthen-9-ylidene)-6,9,12,15,18-pentaoxa-3-azacosane-20-yl methacrylate shown in Scheme 7. 【0355】 [Chemistry] 【0356】 Synthesis of 2-cyano-N-(17-hydroxy-3,6,9,12,15-pentaoxaheptadecyl)acetamide. A solution of 17-amino-3,6,9,12,15-pentaoxaheptadecan-1-ol (0.98 equivalent) in dichloromethane (25 mL) is added dropwise using an addition funnel to a solution of methyl cyanoacetate (1.0 equivalent) in chloromethane (50 mL) in a 100 mL three-necked round-bottom flask equipped with a reflux condenser under a nitrogen atmosphere. As the reaction temperature rises, the reaction mixture begins to reflux. After the exotherm has stopped, external heat is applied and gentle reflux is continued for a total of 2 hours. After that, 17-amino-3,6,9,12,15-pentaoxaheptadecan-1-ol is not observed by thin layer chromatography. The reaction may be carried out at room temperature, but it will take several more hours. The mixture is cooled to room temperature and methylene chloride is removed by rotary evaporation under reduced pressure. The residual oil is washed three times with 50 mL of ethyl acetate to remove unreacted starting materials and nonpolar impurities. Then, the residual ethyl acetate is removed by rotary evaporation under reduced pressure, and the resulting oil (Compound E) is used in the subsequent acylation without further purification. 【0357】 Synthesis of 1-cyano-2-oxo-6,9,12,15,18-pentaoxa-3-azacosane-20-yl methacrylate. Dissolve Compound E in 150 mL of dichloromethane containing pyridine (2.5 equivalents) in a three-necked round-bottom flask equipped with a reflux condenser, an addition funnel, and a magnetic stir bar. Immerse the flask in an ice bath, cool to 0 °C, and add methacryloyl chloride (1.5 equivalents) dropwise from the dropping funnel. Warm the resulting reaction mixture to room temperature while continuously stirring the system. Then, add methanol (20 mL) to the flask to quench any unreacted methacryloyl chloride. Remove the volatile components by rotary evaporation under reduced pressure and dissolve the crude product in 800 mL of dilute aqueous hydrochloric acid. Extract the resulting aqueous solution three times with 100 mL of hexane in a separatory funnel to remove any nonpolar impurities. Discard the organic layer. Add sodium chloride to the aqueous layer and then extract this three times with 300 mL of ethyl acetate. Add approximately 50 milligrams of butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) or 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol to the combined organic fractions as an inhibitor and remove the ethyl acetate by rotary evaporation under reduced pressure. The crude product crystallizes from the solution during solvent removal. With approximately 100 mL of ethyl acetate remaining in the flask, add 250 mL of hexane and isolate the crude product by vacuum filtration using a fritted glass funnel. Wash the filter cake twice with 150 mL of hexane and then dry in vacuo at 40 °C to obtain 1-cyano-2-oxo-6,9,12,15,18-pentaoxa-3-azacos-20-yl methacrylate (Compound F). 【0358】 Synthesis of 1-cyano-2-oxo-1-(9H-thioxanthen-9-ylidene)-6,9,12,15,18-pentaoxa-3-azacos-20-yl methacrylate. A mixture of 9H-thioxanthen-9-one (1.0 equiv) and thionyl chloride (7.0 equiv) is refluxed in a 100 mL round-bottom flask under a nitrogen atmosphere with continuous stirring. After 2 h, the red solution is evaporated to dryness to remove the excess thionyl chloride from the system. Compound F (1.17 equiv) is dissolved in 25 mL of dichloromethane and then added to the flask. The resulting reaction mixture is heated to reflux under a nitrogen blanket. The reaction is monitored by thin layer chromatography until completion. The reactive mixture is allowed to cool to room temperature. The desired product, 1-cyano-2-oxo-1-(9H-thioxanthen-9-ylidene)-6,9,12,15,18-pentaoxa-3-azacos-20-yl methacrylate, is passed through a short silica gel column (dichloromethane, followed by 5% methanol in dichloromethane) and then isolated as yellow crystals. 【0359】 Example 14 - Synthesis (predicted) of 1-(10-butyl-2-methoxyacridin-9(10H-ylidene)-1-cyano-2-oxo-6,9,12,15,18-pentaoxa-3-azacos-20-yl methacrylate shown in Scheme 8. 【0360】 【Chemical formula】 【0361】 Synthesis of 2-((4-methoxyphenyl)amino)benzoic acid 2-Iodobenzoic acid (1.0 equivalent), 4-methoxyaniline (2 equivalents), potassium carbonate (1.0 equivalent), and 300 milligrams of copper powder are placed in a 100 mL three-necked round-bottom flask equipped with a magnetic stir bar and a reflux condenser. Deionized water (30 mL) is added to the solid mixture, and the reactive mixture is heated to reflux for 6 hours with continuous stirring. The mixture is cooled to room temperature to solidify. The reactive mixture is diluted with deionized water and slowly poured into 1 N aqueous hydrochloric acid solution with stirring. The reactive mixture is stirred at room temperature for 30 minutes, then filtered through a fritted glass funnel and dried in a vacuum oven at 60 °C. The resulting 2-((4-methoxyphenyl)amino)benzoic acid is washed with deionized water (3 × 100 mL) and used "as is" for intramolecular cyclization. 【0362】 Synthesis of 2-methoxyacridin-9(10H)-one To a 250 mL round-bottom flask equipped with a magnetic stir bar and a reflux condenser, 12.5 grams of 2-((4-methoxyphenyl)amino)benzoic acid and 100 mL of Eaton's acid (10 wt% P2O5 in methanesulfonic acid) are added. The mixture is heated at 90 °C (mantle temperature) for 5 hours with continuous stirring while monitoring the progress of the reaction by thin layer chromatography. After cooling to room temperature, the reaction mixture is poured into crushed ice, stirred for 30 minutes, and filtered through a fritted glass funnel. The resulting 2-methoxyacridin-9(10H)-one is washed with deionized water (3 × 100 mL), followed by washing with acetonitrile, and dried in a vacuum oven at 60 °C. 【0363】 Synthesis of 2-methoxy-10-butylacridin-9(10H)-one Into a 250 mL round-bottom flask equipped with a magnetic stir bar and a reflux condenser, place 5.4 grams of 2-methoxyacridin-9(10H)-one (0.0244 mol) and 12.9 grams of cesium carbonate (about 1.5 equivalents). Dry the solid under vacuum at 80 °C, then place the system under a nitrogen blanket and add 80 mL of anhydrous N,N-dimethylformamide to the flask. Add 1-bromobutane (6.0 grams, about 2 equivalents) to the flask and heat the mixture at 50 °C (mantle temperature) for 36 hours. Thin layer chromatography indicates the presence of two compounds (the O-alkylated compound and the N-alkylated compound). Pour the organic matter into 200 mL of deionized water and extract it into about 150 mL of ethyl acetate. Then wash the organic matter with deionized water (3 × 100 mL), followed by washing with dilute aqueous HCl (3 × 100 mL) to remove the O-alkylated acridine by-product, and then wash with the final water containing deionized water. Thin layer chromatography of the organic fraction confirms the presence of a single compound at this point, namely 2-methoxy-10-propylacridin-9(10H)-one, which is dried under reduced pressure and used for subsequent conversion. 【0364】 Synthesis of 1-(10-butyl-2-methoxyacridin-9(10H)-ylidene)-1-cyano-2-oxo-6,9,12,15,18-pentaoxa-3-azacosane-20-yl methacrylate Into a 250 mL three-necked round-bottom flask equipped with a magnetic stir bar and a reflux condenser, add 2-methoxy-10-butylacridin-9(10H)-one (1.0 equiv), 1-cyano-2-oxo-6,9,12,15,18-pentaoxa-3-azacos-20-yl methacrylate (Compound F, 2.0 equiv), and 20 mL of dichloromethane. Place the system under a nitrogen blanket and stir the reaction mixture until homogeneous. After cooling the system in an ice bath, titanium tetrachloride (2.5 equiv) is added dropwise to the reaction mixture and stirred for an additional 15 minutes. 5 mL of pyridine (0.33 equiv) is added to the reaction mixture, which is warmed to ambient temperature and then heated to reflux for 8 hours. After cooling the reaction mixture to room temperature, the reaction mixture is poured into dilute aqueous hydrochloric acid and the aqueous fraction is extracted with dichloromethane. The organic layer is separated and the solvent is removed by rotary evaporation under reduced pressure. The desired product, 1-(10-butyl-2-methoxyacridin-9(10H)-ylidene)-1-cyano-2-oxo-6,9,12,15,18-pentaoxa-3-azacos-20-yl methacrylate, is purified by flash chromatography to obtain a dark yellow solid. 【0365】 Synthesis (predicted) of 17-((9-(dicyanomethylene)-9H-xanthen-3-yl)oxy)-3,6,9,12,15-pentaoxaheptadecyl methacrylate shown in Example 15 - Scheme 9. 【0366】 【Chemical formula】 【0367】 Synthesis of 17-chloro-3,6,9,12,15-pentaoxaheptadecyl methacrylate 17-Chloro-3,6,9,12,15-pentaoxaheptadecan-1-ol (1.0 equivalent) and some crystals of 4-(dimethylamino)-pyridine (catalytic amount) are dissolved in dichloromethane (500 mL) in a round-bottom flask equipped with a manostatic addition funnel and a nitrogen gas blanket. The reaction mixture is cooled to 0 °C using an ice bath, and then triethylamine (4.0 equivalents) is added. Subsequently, acryloyl chloride (1.1 equivalents) containing about 400 parts per million (ppm) of butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) or 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol is added dropwise, and the reaction mixture is stirred at 0 °C for 2 hours and then warmed to ambient temperature and stirred for about 6 hours. The reaction mixture is quenched with 150 mL of deionized water and then poured into 200 mL of 1 molar hydrochloric acid and stirred. After adding some saturated sodium chloride solution, the phases are separated. The aqueous phase is extracted twice with ethyl acetate. The combined organic phases are washed with saturated sodium bicarbonate solution and saturated sodium chloride solution. After adding about 100 ppm of BHT per gram of the desired product, the organic phase is concentrated by rotary evaporation under reduced pressure to obtain the crude product. The crude product is dissolved in 30% (v / v) ethyl acetate in n-hexane and passed through a short silica gel column eluting with 30% (v / v) ethyl acetate in n-hexane to obtain 17-chloro-3,6,9,12,15-pentaoxaheptadecyl methacrylate. 【0368】 Synthesis of 17-((9-oxo-9H-xanthen-3-yl)oxy)-3,6,9,12,15-pentaoxaheptadecyl methacrylate A suspension of 3-hydroxy-9H-xanthen-9-one (1.0 equivalent), Cs2CO3 (1.0 equivalent), and sodium iodide (catalytic amount, about 200 milligrams) is dried under vacuum in a 500 mL round-bottom flask containing a magnetic stir bar. After adding anhydrous dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) (250 mL), 17-chloro-3,6,9,12,15-pentaoxaheptadecyl methacrylate (1.0 equivalent) is added. The reaction mixture is heated at 70 °C overnight and monitored by thin-layer chromatography. The reaction mixture is cooled to room temperature and slowly poured into aqueous hydrochloric acid with continuous stirring. After stirring for 30 minutes, the off-white solid is isolated by vacuum filtration using a fritted glass funnel. The filter cake is then washed with deionized water, followed by two washes with 200 mL of hexane. The resulting 17-((9-oxo-9H-xanthen-3-yl)oxy)-3,6,9,12,15-pentaoxaheptadecyl methacrylate is dried under vacuum at 60 °C to a constant weight. 【0369】 Synthesis of 17-((9-(dicyanomethylene)-9H-xanthen-3-yl)oxy)-3,6,9,12,15-pentaoxaheptadecyl methacrylate 17 - ((9 - Oxo - 9H - xanthen - 3 - yl)oxy) - 3,6,9,12,15 - pentaoxaheptadecyl methacrylate (1.0 equivalent) and thionyl chloride (7.0 equivalents) are dissolved in dichloromethane (50 mL) in a round - bottom flask equipped with a magnetic stir bar and a reflux condenser, and the resulting reaction mixture is refluxed for 2 hours under a nitrogen gas blanket. The reaction mixture is cooled to room temperature, and the excess thionyl chloride and dichloromethane are removed by rotary evaporation under reduced pressure while maintaining the bath temperature below 20 °C. Excess malononitrile (10.0 equivalents) is added to the flask, followed by 25 mL of anhydrous dichloromethane, and the reaction mixture is stirred and heated to reflux for 2 hours. The mixture is cooled to room temperature and then passed through a short silica gel plug eluting with 5% methanol (v / v) in methylene chloride. The volatile components are evaporated under reduced pressure while maintaining the temperature below 20 °C, and then the solid is suspended in cold methanol (100 mL) and stirred for 20 minutes. The crude product is isolated by vacuum filtration, and the filter cake is washed with additional cold methanol. 17 - ((9 - (Dicyanomethylene) - 9H - xanthen - 3 - yl)oxy) - 3,6,9,12,15 - pentaoxaheptadecyl methacrylate is further purified by passing it through a silica gel column eluting with 5% methanol (v / v) in methylene chloride to obtain a pale yellow solid. 【0370】 〔Embodiment〕 (1) An ophthalmic device that is a free - radical reaction product of a reactive mixture, wherein the reactive mixture comprises one or more monomers suitable for fabricating the ophthalmic device, and a first visible - light filtering compound having a visible - light absorption maximum at 430 nm to 480 nm and a full - width at half - maximum (FWHM) of at least 35 nm and at most 150 nm at the visible - light absorption maximum, which is photo - stable and has a molar extinction coefficient of at least 7740 L·mol -1 ·cm -1 and a second visible - light filtering compound. A second visible - light filtering compound, and An ophthalmic device containing the same. (2) The ophthalmic device according to Embodiment 1, wherein the maximum visible light absorption of the first visible light filtering compound is 440 nm to 470 nm. (3) The ophthalmic device according to Embodiment 1 or 2, wherein the FWHM at the maximum visible light absorption of the first visible light filtering compound is at least 40 nm and at most 95 nm. (4) The ophthalmic device according to any one of Embodiments 1 to 3, wherein the photostability includes a loss of absorbance of 20% or less at the maximum visible light absorption. (5) The ophthalmic device according to any one of Embodiments 1 to 4, wherein the photostability is more photostable than macular pigment. 【0371】 (6) The ophthalmic device according to any one of Embodiments 1 to 5, wherein the first visible light filtering compound is thermally stable. (7) The ophthalmic device according to any one of Embodiments 1 to 6, wherein the first visible light filtering compound is more thermally stable than macular pigment. (8) The ophthalmic device according to any one of Embodiments 1 to 7, wherein the second visible light filtering compound includes a medium energy visible light filter having one or more maximum visible light absorptions of 550 nm to 660 nm. (9) The medium energy visible light filter has a first maximum visible light absorption of 610 nm to 660 nm, preferably 630 nm to 650 nm, and the first maximum visible light absorption optionally has a FWHM of at least 20 nm and at most 60 nm, or optionally at least 30 nm and at most 50 nm. The ophthalmic device according to Embodiment 8. (10) The medium energy visible light filter has a second maximum visible light absorption centered at 575 nm to 609 nm, preferably 580 nm to 600 nm, and the second maximum visible light absorption optionally has a FWHM of at least 60 nm and at most 120 nm, or optionally at least 80 nm and at most 100 nm. The ophthalmic device according to Embodiment 9. 【0372】 (11) The medium energy visible light filter is an ophthalmic device according to any one of embodiments 8 to 10, which restricts the transmittance of the device in the wavelength range of 550 nm to 660 nm to 50 percent to 95 percent. (12) The second visible light filtering compound is an ophthalmic device according to any one of embodiments 1 to 11, which includes a high energy visible light filter that restricts the transmittance of the device in the wavelength range of 400 to 409 nm to 0 percent to 70 percent, preferably 0.2 percent to 40 percent. (13) The second visible light absorbing compound is an ophthalmic device according to any one of embodiments 1 to 12, which includes a mixture of (a) a medium energy visible light filter having one or more visible light absorption maxima in the range of 550 nm to 660 nm and (b) a high energy visible light filter that restricts the transmittance of the device in the wavelength range of 400 to 409 nm to 0 percent to 70 percent. (14) The first visible light filtering compound and the second visible light filtering compound are independently an ophthalmic device according to any one of embodiments 1 to 13, which includes at least one polymerizable group. (15) The reactive mixture is an ophthalmic device according to any one of embodiments 1 to 14, which further includes a UV absorbing compound. 【0373】 (16) The device is (a) 0 percent to 70 percent over the wavelength range of 400 to 409 nm, (b) 60 percent to 80 percent over the wavelength range of 430 to 480 nm, (c) 50 percent to 95 percent over the wavelength range of 550 to 660 nm, and (d) at least 90 percent over the wavelength range of 665 to 760 nm and has a transmittance, and is an ophthalmic device according to any one of embodiments 1 to 15. (17) The device is an ophthalmic device according to embodiment 16, which has a transmittance of at least 90 percent over the wavelength range of 515 to 530 nm. (18) The device is the ophthalmic device according to embodiment 16 or 17, having a transmittance of 35 percent or less over a wavelength range of (f) 280 to 399 nm. (19) The first visible light filtering compound is of formula I: [Chemical formula] wherein m and n are each independently 0, 1, 2, 3, or 4, and T is a bond, O, or NR wherein R 6 is H, C1-C6 alkyl, cycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, or Y-P 6 wherein R is H, C1-C8 alkyl, cycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl, or heteroaryl, Y is a linking group, and P g is a polymerizable group, and R g and R 1 and R 2 , when present, are each independently, upon each occurrence, C1-C6 alkyl, C1-C6 alkoxy, C1-C6 thioalkyl, C3-C7 cycloalkyl, aryl (preferably unsubstituted phenyl or phenyl substituted by alkyl or halo), halo, hydroxy, amino, NR 3 R 4 , benzyl, SO3H, or SO3M (M is a monovalent cation such as sodium or potassium), and R 3 and R 4 are each independently H or C1-C6 alkyl, or two adjacent R 1 or R 2 groups together with the carbon atom to which they are attached form a cycloalkyl or aryl ring by bonding, and EWG is an electron withdrawing group, the ophthalmic device according to any one of embodiments 1 to 18. (20) The ophthalmic device according to embodiment 19, wherein m and n are each independently 0 or 1. 【0374】 (21) The ophthalmic device according to embodiment 19 or 20, wherein Y is, independently for each occurrence, alkylene, cycloalkylene, heterocycloalkylene, arylene, heteroarylene, oxaalkylene, alkylene - amide - alkylene, alkylene - amine - alkylene, or a combination thereof. (22) P g The ophthalmic device according to any one of embodiments 19 - 21, wherein P comprises styryl, vinyl carbonate, vinyl ether, vinyl carbamate, N - vinyl lactam, N - vinyl amide, (meth)acrylate, or (meth)acrylamide. (23) The ophthalmic device according to any one of embodiments 19 - 22, wherein EWG is cyano, amide, ester, keto, or aldehyde. (24) The ophthalmic device according to any one of embodiments 19 - 23, wherein EWG is cyano. (25) The first visible - light filtering compound is 2 - (2 - cyano - 2-(2 - methoxy - 10 - propylacridin - 9(10H)-ylidene)acetamido)ethyl methacrylate, 2 - (2 - cyano - 2-(2 - methoxy - 10 - butylacridin - 9(10H)-ylidene)acetamido)ethyl methacrylate, 1 - (10 - butyl - 2 - methoxyacridin - 9(10H)-ylidene)-1 - cyano - 2 - oxo - 6,9,12,15,18 - pentaoxa - 3 - azacosane - 20 - yl methacrylate, or a mixture thereof The ophthalmic device according to any one of embodiments 1 - 24, comprising these. 【0375】 (26) The second visible - light filtering compound comprises a mid - energy visible - light filter of formula II: 【Chemical formula】 wherein Y is, independently for each occurrence, a linking group, and P g ​The ophthalmic device according to any one of Embodiments 1 to 25, which is a polymerizable group independently for each occurrence. (27) The ophthalmic device according to Embodiment 26, wherein Y is independently for each occurrence alkylene, cycloalkylene, heterocycloalkylene, arylene, heteroarylene, oxaalkylene, alkylene-amide-alkylene, alkylene-amine-alkylene, or a combination thereof. (28) P g The ophthalmic device according to Embodiment 26 or 27, wherein P is independently for each occurrence styryl, vinyl carbonate, vinyl ether, vinyl carbamate, N-vinyl lactam, N-vinyl amide, (meth)acrylate, or (meth)acrylamide. (29) The ophthalmic device according to Embodiment 26, wherein the medium-energy visible light filter contains 1,4-bis[2-methacryloxyethylamino]-9,10-anthraquinone, (9,10-dioxo-9,10-dihydroanthracene-1,4-diyl)bis(azanediyl))bis(ethane-2,1-diyl))bis(oxy))bis(ethane-2,1-diyl))bis(oxy))bis(ethane-2,1-diyl)bis(2-methylacrylate), or N,N'-(((((((9,10-dioxo-9,10-dihydroanthracene-1,4-diyl)bis(azanediyl))bis(ethane-2,1-diyl))bis(oxy))bis(ethane-2,1-diyl))bis(oxy))bis(ethane-2,1-diyl))diacrylamide. (30) The second visible light filtering compound is of Formula III: 【Chemical formula】 and contains a high-energy visible light filter of wherein m and n are independently 0, 1, 2, 3, or 4, T is a bond, O, or NR, Y is a linking group, P g is a polymerizable group, R is, independently for each occurrence, H, C1-C6 alkyl, cycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, or Y-P g and R 1 and R 2 , when present, are, independently for each occurrence, C1-C6 alkyl, C1-C6 alkoxy, C1-C6 thioalkyl, C3-C7 cycloalkyl, aryl (preferably unsubstituted phenyl or phenyl substituted by alkyl or halo), halo, hydroxy, amino, NR 3 R 4 , or benzyl, and R 3 and R 4 are independently H or C1-C6 alkyl, or two adjacent R 1 or R 2 groups together with the carbon atom to which they are attached form a cycloalkyl or aryl ring, an ophthalmic device according to any of embodiments 1-29. 【0376】 (31) An ophthalmic device according to embodiment 30, wherein m and n are each independently 0 or 1. (32) An ophthalmic device according to embodiment 30 or 31, wherein Y is, independently for each occurrence, alkylene, cycloalkylene, heterocycloalkylene, arylene, heteroarylene, oxaalkylene, alkylene-amido-alkylene, alkylene-amine-alkylene, or a combination thereof. (33) P g is styryl, vinyl carbonate, vinyl ether, vinyl carbamate, N-vinyl lactam, N-vinyl amide, (meth)acrylate, or (meth)acrylamide, an ophthalmic device according to any of embodiments 30-32. (34) The high energy visible light filter is 2-(2-cyano-2-(9H-thioxanthen-9-ylidene)acetamido)ethyl methacrylate, 2-(2-cyano-2-(9H-thioxanthen-9-ylidene)acetamido)ethyl acrylate, N-(2-(2-Cyano-2-(9H-thioxanthen-9-ylidene)acetamido)ethyl)methacrylamide, N-(2-(2-Cyano-2-(9H-thioxanthen-9-ylidene)acetamido)ethyl)acrylamide, 2-(2-Cyano-N-methyl-2-(9H-thioxanthen-9-ylidene)acetamido)ethyl methacrylate, 2-Cyano-2-(9H-thioxanthen-9-ylidene)-N-(2-(N-vinylacetamido)ethyl)acetamide, 2-(2-Cyano-2-(9H-thioxanthen-9-ylidene)acetamido)-2-methylpropyl methacrylate, 2-(2-Cyano-2-(2,4-dichloro-9H-thioxanthen-9-ylidene)acetamido)ethyl methacrylate, 2-(2-(2-Chloro-9H-thioxanthen-9-ylidene)-2-cyanoacetamido)ethyl methacrylate, 2-(2-Cyano-2-(2-isopropyl-9H-thioxanthen-9-ylidene)acetamido)ethyl methacrylate, 2-(2-Cyano-2-(4-isopropyl-9H-thioxanthen-9-ylidene)acetamido)ethyl methacrylate, 2-(2-Cyano-2-(9H-thioxanthen-9-ylidene)acetoxy)ethyl methacrylate, 1-Cyano-2-oxo-1-(9H-thioxanthen-9-ylidene)-6,9,12,15,18-pentaoxa-3-azacos-20-yl methacrylate, or a mixture of two or more thereof An ophthalmic device according to embodiment 30, comprising (35) The second visible light filtering compound has the formula IV: 【Chemical formula】 comprises a high energy visible light filter of wherein m and n are independently 0, 1, 2, 3, or 4, R1 and R 2 is, independently for each occurrence, H, an optional substituent, or -Y-P g or two adjacent Rs 1 or R 2 groups, together with the atoms to which they are attached, combine to form a cycloalkyl or aryl ring optionally substituted with -Y-P g and form a cycloalkyl or aryl ring optionally substituted with -Y-P, EWG is, independently for each occurrence, an electron withdrawing group, P g is, independently for each occurrence, a polymerizable group, Y is, independently for each occurrence, a linking group, The compound of formula II contains at least one P g group, An ophthalmic device according to any one of embodiments 1 to 34. 【0377】 (36) The ophthalmic device according to embodiment 35, wherein m and n are independently 0 or 1. (37) R 1 is H, C1-C6 alkyl, C1-C6 alkoxy, C1-C6 thioalkyl, C3-C7 cycloalkyl, aryl, halo, hydroxy, amino, NR 4 R 5 R, benzyl, SO3H, or SO3Na, and R 4 and R 5 are independently H or C1-C6 alkyl, the ophthalmic device according to embodiment 35 or 36. (38) R 2 is -Y-P g The ophthalmic device according to any one of embodiments 35 to 37. (39) P g is, independently for each occurrence, styryl, vinyl carbonate, vinyl ether, vinyl carbamate, N-vinyl lactam, N-vinyl amide, (meth)acrylate, or (meth)acrylamide, the ophthalmic device according to any one of embodiments 35 to 38. (40) The ophthalmic device according to any one of Embodiments 35 to 39, wherein Y is, independently for each occurrence, alkylene, cycloalkylene, heterocycloalkylene, arylene, heteroarylene, oxaalkylene, alkylene - amide - alkylene, alkylene - amine - alkylene, or any combination of the foregoing groups. 【0378】 (41) The ophthalmic device according to any one of Embodiments 35 to 40, wherein EWG is, independently for each occurrence, cyano, amide, ester, keto, or aldehyde. (42) The ophthalmic device according to any one of Embodiments 35 to 41, wherein the compound contains one Y - P g group. (43) The high - energy visible - light filter is 3 - ((9 - (dicyanomethylene) - 9H - xanthen - 3 - yl)oxy)propyl methacrylate, 3 - ((9 - (dicyanomethylene) - 9H - xanthen - 2 - yl)oxy)propyl methacrylate, 1 - ((9 - (dicyanomethylene) - 9H - xanthen - 3 - yl)oxy)propan - 2 - yl methacrylate, 4 - ((9 - (dicyanomethylene) - 9H - xanthen - 3 - yl)oxy)butyl methacrylate, 3 - ((9 - (dicyanomethylene) - 9H - xanthen - 3 - yl)oxy)propyl acrylate, 1 - ((9 - (dicyanomethylene) - 9H - xanthen - 3 - yl)oxy)propan - 2 - yl acrylate, 4 - ((9 - (dicyanomethylene) - 9H - xanthen - 3 - yl)oxy)butyl acrylate, N - (3 - ((9 - (dicyanomethylene) - 9H - xanthen - 3 - yl)oxy)propyl) methacrylamide, N - (3 - ((9 - (dicyanomethylene) - 9H - xanthen - 3 - yl)oxy)propyl) acrylamide, 3 - ((9 - (dicyanomethylene) - 9H - xanthen - 3 - yl)amino)propyl methacrylate, 17 - ((9 - (dicyanomethylene) - 9H - xanthen - 3 - yl)oxy) - 3,6,9,12,15 - pentaoxaheptadecyl methacrylate, or a mixture of two or more thereof The ophthalmic device according to embodiment 35, comprising (44) The ophthalmic device according to any one of embodiments 1 to 43, which is formed by photocuring of the reactive mixture. (45) The ophthalmic device according to any one of embodiments 1 to 43, which is formed by thermocuring of the reactive mixture. 【0379】 (46) The ophthalmic device according to any one of embodiments 1 to 43, which is formed by a combination of photocuring and thermocuring of the reactive mixture. (47) The ophthalmic device according to any one of embodiments 1 to 46, which is a contact lens having a central zone and a peripheral zone. (48) The ophthalmic device according to embodiment 47, wherein residues of the first visible light filtering compound and residues of the second visible light filtering compound are uniformly distributed throughout the central zone and the peripheral zone. (49) The ophthalmic device according to embodiment 47, wherein residues of the first visible light filtering compound and residues of the second visible light filtering compound are present in the central zone at a higher molar concentration than in the peripheral zone. (50) The reactive mixture further comprises a UV - absorbing compound, and the UV - absorbing compound comprises benzophenone, benzotriazole, triazine, substituted acrylonitrile, salicylic acid derivative, benzoic acid derivative, cinnamic acid derivative, chalcone derivative, dipnone derivative, crotonic acid derivative, or a mixture thereof. The ophthalmic device according to any one of embodiments 1 to 49. 【0380】 (51) The polymerizable compound suitable for producing the contact lens comprises a hydrophilic component, a silicone - containing component, or a mixture thereof. The ophthalmic device according to any one of embodiments 1 to 50. (52) The device is a silicone hydrogel contact lens, and the lens has a contact angle of about 100° or less, a water content of at least about 25 weight percent, and an oxygen permeability (edge corrected) of at least about 60 barrers, the ophthalmic device according to any one of embodiments 1 to 51. (53) The second visible light filtering compound is (a) restricting the transmittance of the device over a wavelength range of 550 nm to 660 nm to 50 percent to 95 percent, or (b) restricting the transmittance of the device over a wavelength range of 400 to 409 nm to 0 percent to 70 percent, or (c) both (a) and (b), the ophthalmic device according to any one of embodiments 1 to 52.

Claims

[Claim 1] An ophthalmic device which is a free radical reaction product of a reactive mixture, wherein the reactive mixture is One or more monomers suitable for fabricating the ophthalmic device, A first visible light filtering compound having a visible light absorption maximum in the range of 430 nm to 480 nm, and a full width at half maximum (FWHM) of at least 35 nm and a maximum of 150 nm at the visible light absorption maximum, wherein the compound is photostable and contains at least 7740 L / mol －１ ・cm －１ A first visible light filtering compound having a molar extinction coefficient, A second visible light filtering compound, Includes, a) The second visible light filtering compound is a high-energy visible light filter of formula III: 【Chemistry 1】 During the ceremony, m and n are independently 0, 1, 2, 3, or 4. T is a bond, O, or NR. Y is a linking group, Pg is a polymerizable group, R is independently H, C1-C6 alkyl, cycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, or Y-Pg in each instance. If R1 and R2 are present, they are independently C1-C6 alkyl, C1-C6 alkoxy, C1-C6 thioalkyl, C3-C7 cycloalkyl, aryl (preferably unsubstituted phenyl or phenyl substituted with alkyl or halo), halo, hydroxy, amino, NR3R4, or benzyl, and R3 and R4 are independently H or C1-C6 alkyl, or two adjacent R1 or R2 groups are bonded together with the carbon atoms to which they are attached to form a cycloalkyl or aryl ring. Includes a high-energy visible light filter of formula III, and / or b) The second visible light filtering compound is a high-energy visible light filter of formula IV: 【Chemistry 2】 In the formula, m and n are independently 0, 1, 2, 3, or 4. R1 and R2, each independently, are either H, an optional substituent, or -Y-Pg, or two adjacent R1 or R2 groups, together with the atom to which they are bonded, bond to form a cycloalkyl or aryl ring that is optionally substituted with -Y-Pg. Each instance of EWG is an independently electron-withdrawing group. Pg is a polymerizable group in each instance. Y is an independent linking group in each instance. The high-energy visible light filter of formula IV contains at least one Pg group, An ophthalmic device including a high-energy visible light filter of formula IV. [Claim 2] i) The visible light absorption maximum of the first visible light filtering compound is 440 nm to 470 nm, and / or ii) The FWHM at the visible light absorption maximum of the first visible light filtering compound is at least 40 nm and at most 95 nm, and / or iii) The photostability includes an absorbance loss of 20 percent or less at the visible light absorption maximum, and / or iv) The photostability is greater than that of the macular pigment, and / or v) The first visible light filtering compound is thermally stable, and / or vi) The ophthalmic device according to claim 1, wherein the first visible light filtering compound is more thermally stable than the macular pigment. [Claim 3] The ophthalmic device according to claim 1, wherein the second visible light filtering compound comprises a medium-energy visible light filter having one or more visible light absorption maxima in the range of 550 nm to 660 nm, optionally further comprising a first visible light absorption maxima in the range of 610 nm to 660 nm, preferably 630 nm to 650 nm, wherein the first visible light absorption maxima optionally has an FWHM of at least 20 nm and a maximum of 60 nm, or optionally at least 30 nm and a maximum of 50 nm, and optionally further comprising a second visible light absorption maxima centered at 575 nm to 609 nm, preferably 580 nm to 600 nm, wherein the second visible light absorption maxima optionally has an FWHM of at least 60 nm and a maximum of 120 nm, or optionally at least 80 nm and a maximum of 100 nm. [Claim 4] The ophthalmic device according to claim 3, wherein the medium-energy visible light filter limits the transmittance of the ophthalmic device to 50 percent to 95 percent over a wavelength range of 550 nm to 660 nm. [Claim 5] i) The second visible light filtering compound includes a high-energy visible light filter that limits the transmittance of the ophthalmic device over a wavelength range of 400 to 409 nm to 0 percent to 70 percent, preferably 0.2 percent to 40 percent, and / or ii) The second visible light filtering compound comprises a mixture of (a) a medium-energy visible light filter having one or more visible light absorption maxima in the 550 nm to 660 nm range, and / or a high-energy visible light filter that limits the transmittance of the ophthalmic device to 0 percent to 70 percent over a wavelength range of 400 to 409 nm, iii) The ophthalmic device according to claim 1, wherein the first visible light filtering compound comprises at least one polymerizable group. [Claim 6] The aforementioned ophthalmic device is (a) 0 percent to 70 percent over the wavelength range of 400 to 409 nm, (b) 60 percent to 80 percent over the wavelength range of 430 to 480 nm, (c) 50 percent to 95 percent over the wavelength range of 550 nm to 660 nm, and (d) at least 90 percent over the wavelength range of 665 nm to 760 nm It has a transmittance of, and optionally additionally, i) The ophthalmic device (e) has a transmittance of at least 90 percent over a wavelength range of 515 nm to 530 nm, and / or ii) The ophthalmic device according to claim 1, wherein the ophthalmic device has a transmittance of 35 percent or less over a wavelength range of 280 to 399 nm. [Claim 7] The first visible light filtering compound is given by formula I: 【Transformation 3】 In the formula, m and n are independently 0, 1, 2, 3, or 4, and T is a bond, O, or NR ６ wherein R ６ is H, C １ to C ６ alkyl, cycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, or Y-P ｇ wherein R is H, C １ to C ８ alkyl, cycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl, or heteroaryl, Y is a linking group, P ｇ is a polymerizable group, and when R １ and R ２ are present, they are independently, each time they appear, C １ to C ６ alkyl, C １ to C ６ alkoxy, C １ to C ６ thioalkyl, C ３ to C ７ cycloalkyl, aryl (preferably unsubstituted phenyl or phenyl substituted by alkyl or halo), halo, hydroxy, amino, NR ３ R ４ , benzyl, SO<00000​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​ It is, and optionally additionally, i) m and n are independently 0 or 1, and / or ii) Y is, independently of each occurrence, alkylene, cycloalkylene, heterocycloalkylene, arylene, heteroarylene, oxaalkylene, alkylene-amide-alkylene, alkylene-amine-alkylene, or a combination thereof, and / or iii) P g contains styryl, vinyl carbonate, vinyl ether, vinyl carbamate, N-vinyl lactam, N-vinylamide, (meth)acrylate, or (meth)acrylamide, and / or iv) The ophthalmic device according to claim 1, wherein EWG is a cyano, amide, ester, keto, or aldehyde, and optionally additionally, EWG is a cyano. [Claim 8] The first visible light filtering compound is 2-(2-cyano-2-(2-methoxy-10-propylacridin-9(10H)-ylidene)acetamide)ethyl methacrylate, 2-(2-cyano-2-(2-methoxy-10-butylacridin-9(10H)-ylidene)acetamide)ethyl methacrylate, 1-(10-butyl-2-methoxyacridin-9(10H)-ylidene)-1-cyano-2-oxo-6,9,12,15,18-pentaoxa-3-azaicosan-20-ylmethacrylate, or These mixtures An ophthalmic device according to claim 1, including the following: [Claim 9] The second visible light filtering compound is given by formula II: 【Chemistry 4】 In the formula, Y is an independent linking group each time it appears, and P ｇ Each instance is an independently polymerizable group. Includes a medium-energy visible light filter, optionally additionally, i) Y is, independently of each occurrence, alkylene, cycloalkylene, heterocycloalkylene, arylene, heteroarylene, oxaalkylene, alkylene-amide-alkylene, alkylene-amine-alkylene, or a combination thereof, and / or ii) Each instance of P g independently contains styryl, vinyl carbonate, vinyl ether, vinyl carbamate, N-vinyl lactam, N-vinyl amide, (meth)acrylate, or (meth)acrylamide, iii) The ophthalmic device according to claim 1, wherein the medium-energy visible light filter comprises 1,4-bis[2-methacryloxyethylamino]-9,10-anthraquinone, (9,10-dioxo-9,10-dihydroanthracene-1,4-diyl)bis(azandiyl))bis(ethane-2,1-diyl))bis(oxy))bis(ethane-2,1-diyl))bis(oxy))bis(ethane-2,1-diyl))bis(2-methylacrylate), or N,N'-(((((((9,10-dioxo-9,10-dihydroanthracene-1,4-diyl)bis(azandiyl))bis(ethane-2,1-diyl))bis(oxy))bis(ethane-2,1-diyl))diacrylamide. [Claim 10] In formula III, i) m and n are independently 0 or 1, and / or ii) Y is, independently of each occurrence, alkylene, cycloalkylene, heterocycloalkylene, arylene, heteroarylene, oxaalkylene, alkylene-amide-alkylene, alkylene-amine-alkylene, or a combination thereof, and / or iii) An ophthalmic device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein P g comprises styryl, vinyl carbonate, vinyl ether, vinyl carbamate, N-vinyl lactam, N-vinylamide, (meth)acrylate, or (meth)acrylamide. [Claim 11] The aforementioned high-energy visible light filter is 2-(2-cyano-2-(9H-thioxanthene-9-ylidene)acetamide)ethyl methacrylate, 2-(2-cyano-2-(9H-thioxanthene-9-ylidene)acetamide)ethyl acrylate, N-(2-(2-cyano-2-(9H-thioxanthene-9-ylidene)acetamide)ethyl)methacrylamide, N-(2-(2-cyano-2-(9H-thioxanthene-9-ylidene)acetamide)ethyl)acrylamide, 2-(2-cyano-N-methyl-2-(9H-thioxanthene-9-ylidene)acetamide)ethyl methacrylate, 2-Cyano-2-(9H-thioxanthene-9-ylidene)-N-(2-(N-vinylacetamido)ethyl)acetamide, 2-(2-cyano-2-(9H-thioxanthene-9-ylidene)acetamide)-2-methylpropyl methacrylate, 2-(2-cyano-2-(2,4-dichloro-9H-thioxanthene-9-ylidene)acetamide)ethyl methacrylate, 2-(2-(2-chloro-9H-thioxanthene-9-ylidene)-2-cyanoacetamide)ethyl methacrylate, 2-(2-cyano-2-(2-isopropyl-9H-thioxanthene-9-ylidene)acetamide)ethyl methacrylate, 2-(2-cyano-2-(4-isopropyl-9H-thioxanthene-9-ylidene)acetamide)ethyl methacrylate, 2-(2-cyano-2-(9H-thioxanthene-9-ylidene)acetoxy)ethyl methacrylate, 1-Cyano-2-oxo-1-(9H-thioxanthene-9-ylidene)-6,9,12,15,18-pentaoxa-3-azaicosan-20-ylmethacrylate, or These two or more mixtures An ophthalmic device according to claim 1, including the following: [Claim 12] In formula IV, i) m and n are independently 0 or 1, and / or ii) R1 is H, C1-C6 alkyl, C1-C6 alkoxy, C1-C6 thioalkyl, C3-C7 cycloalkyl, aryl, halo, hydroxy, amino, NR4R5, benzyl, SO3H, or SO3Na, and R4 and R5 are independently H or C1-C6 alkyl, and / or iii) R2 is -Y-Pg, and / or, iv) P g independently contains, with each occurrence, styryl, vinyl carbonate, vinyl ether, vinyl carbamate, N-vinyl lactam, N-vinyl amide, (meth)acrylate, or (meth)acrylamide, and / or v) Y is, independently of each occurrence, alkylene, cycloalkylene, heterocycloalkylene, arylene, heteroarylene, oxaalkylene, alkylene-amide-alkylene, alkylene-amine-alkylene, or any combination of the aforementioned groups, and / or vi) Whether each EWG is independently a cyano, amide, ester, keto, or aldehyde, and / or vii) The ophthalmic device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the compound comprises one Y-Pg group. [Claim 13] The aforementioned high-energy visible light filter is 3-((9-(dicyanomethylene)-9H-xanthene-3-yl)oxypropyl methacrylate, 3-((9-(dicyanomethylene)-9H-xanthene-2-yl)oxypropyl methacrylate, 1-((9-(dicyanomethylene)-9H-xanthene-3-yl)oxy)propane-2-yl methacrylate, 4-((9-(dicyanomethylene)-9H-xanthene-3-yl)oxy)butyl methacrylate, 3-((9-(dicyanomethylene)-9H-xanthene-3-yl)oxypropyl acrylate, 1-((9-(dicyanomethylene)-9H-xanthene-3-yl)oxy)propane-2-yl acrylate, 4-((9-(dicyanomethylene)-9H-xanthen-3-yl)oxy)butyl acrylate, N-(3-((9-(dicyanomethylene)-9H-xanthene-3-yl)oxypropyl)methacrylamide, N-(3-((9-(dicyanomethylene)-9H-xanthene-3-yl)oxypropyl)acrylamide, 3-((9-(dicyanomethylene)-9H-xanthene-3-yl)aminopropyl methacrylate, 17-((9-(dicyanomethylene)-9H-xanthene-3-yl)oxy)-3,6,9,12,15-pentaoxaheptadecyl methacrylate, or a mixture of two or more of these An ophthalmic device according to claim 1, including the following: [Claim 14] i) formed by photocuring of the reactive mixture, ii) Formed by the thermal curing of the reactive mixture, iii) The ophthalmic device according to claim 1, which is formed by a combination of photocuring and thermal curing of the reactive mixture. [Claim 15] A contact lens having a central zone and a peripheral zone, optionally additionally, i) The residues of the first visible light filtering compound and the second visible light filtering compound are uniformly distributed throughout the central zone and the peripheral zone, or ii) The ophthalmic device according to claim 1, wherein the residue of the first visible light filtering compound and the residue of the second visible light filtering compound are present in the central zone at a higher molar concentration than in the peripheral zone. [Claim 16] i) The reactive mixture further comprises a UV-absorbing compound, optionally additionally comprising benzophenone, benzotriazole, triazine, substituted acrylonitrile, salicylic acid derivative, benzoic acid derivative, cinnamic acid derivative, chalcone derivative, dipnon derivative, crotonic acid derivative, or a mixture thereof, and / or ii) The one or more monomers suitable for fabricating the ophthalmic device include a hydrophilic component, a silicone-containing component, or a mixture thereof, and / or iii) The ophthalmic device is a silicone hydrogel contact lens, and the silicone hydrogel contact lens has a contact angle of about 100° or less, a water content of at least about 25% by weight, and an oxygen permeability (edge ​​correction) of at least about 60 bars, and / or iv) The second visible light filtering compound is (a) Limit the transmittance of the ophthalmic device over the wavelength range of 550 nm to 660 nm to 50 percent to 95 percent, or (b) Limit the transmittance of the ophthalmic device over the wavelength range of 400 to 409 nm to 0 percent to 70 percent, or (c) Both (a) and (b), The ophthalmic device according to claim 1.

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