Air quality measurement and air conditioning system control device and method for heatstroke management.

Abstract

The present invention aims to calculate a heatstroke index such as perceived temperature or WBGT by receiving external temperature and humidity and indoor temperature and humidity, and to automatically determine whether or not to operate an air conditioner and the set temperature based on the index. [Solution] An air quality measurement and heating / cooling system for automatically controlling the operation status and set temperature of an air conditioner includes: a heatstroke environmental data receiving unit that collects environmental data including temperature and humidity; a heatstroke index calculation unit that calculates a heatstroke index based on the received environmental data; a heatstroke risk criterion calculation unit that calculates a heatstroke risk criterion based on the heatstroke index and environmental data, and calculates the operation status and set temperature of an air conditioner; a heatstroke risk notification unit that notifies of a heatstroke risk according to the calculated heatstroke risk criterion; and an air conditioner control unit for controlling an air conditioner if one is already connected.

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] [Cross-reference with related applications] This application claims priority under Korean Patent Application No. 10-2024-0149424 dated October 29, 2024, and all content disclosed in the said Korean Patent Application is incorporated herein by reference.

[0002] The present invention relates to an air quality measurement and air conditioning system control device and method for heatstroke management, and more specifically, to a technology that simultaneously achieves safety and energy efficiency in dangerous situations where heatstroke (thermal illness) may be induced by calculating a heatstroke index such as perceived temperature or WBGT based on external temperature and humidity and indoor temperature and humidity, calculating control criteria for determining whether or not to operate the air conditioner and the set temperature based on the index and data including indoor environmental data, and generating a control signal that reflects pre-operation, ventilation rate linkage, and downward correction for each grade. [Background technology]

[0003] In recent years, as climate change has led to an increase in the number of hot days and the intensity of heat waves, heat stress management has become crucial in all industrial, commercial, and public facilities. In response, research and commercialization efforts are expanding to link human body heat load indicators such as WBGT, Heat Index, and UTCI with heating and cooling control systems.

[0004] In the building and facilities sector, it is becoming common practice to integrate outdoor weather forecasts, indoor sensing (temperature, humidity, CO2), occupancy information, and demand response (DR) through BEMS / BAS to perform pre-cooling, optimization of set temperatures, and ventilation control.

[0005] With the spread of IoT, high-resolution data is being secured at the area level, and the introduction of area-specific differential control and predictive control (MPC, reinforcement learning, etc.) is gradually spreading.

[0006] User interfaces are becoming more sophisticated, offering dashboard-based real-time monitoring and alerting, centralized control, and historical reporting, while cloud-edge hybrid architectures are trending towards simultaneously supporting rapid centralized management of policies and models, and rapid field control.

[0007] On the other hand, there are many limitations to its application in the field. WBGT requires simultaneous measurement of wet-bulb, black-bulb, and dry-bulb temperatures, which entails significant equipment costs, installation, and calibration burdens. Furthermore, simplified estimations using only temperature and relative humidity do not adequately reflect solar radiation, wind speed, and radiation conditions, leading to problems with error and reliability.

[0008] When data quality and continuity are disrupted by sensor noise, sudden changes in values, leaks, network delays, interruptions, and forecast uncertainties, real-time control becomes unstable, and when fallback, interpolation, and confidence indexing are not systematic, over-braking and frequent mode switching occur.

[0009] The site contains a mix of heating and cooling units from different manufacturers, households, and using different protocols (BACnet / Modbus / IR / dedicated APIs), making consistent control, verification, and feedback collection difficult, and ensuring policy consistency, rollback, and execution assurance is not easy.

[0010] In addition, the accuracy of occupancy detection and privacy concerns may delay preemptive cooling, pre-activation of rest facilities, and synchronized ventilation. Furthermore, if the basis for determining hazard levels, the version of control standards, priorities, validity period, implementation results, failure history, number of extreme heat days, and the recording and auditing of hazard indicators by time of day are insufficient, post-incident verification and regulatory compliance will be difficult.

[0011] Due to these limitations, existing solutions have struggled to simultaneously satisfy safety and efficiency in extreme heat conditions. Action-based measures such as work stoppages, rest cycles, and pre-operation activities cannot be consistently linked with indicators, resulting in a persistent problem of repeated manual interventions and inconsistent operations. [Prior art documents] [Patent Documents]

[0012] [Patent Document 1] Korean Patent No. 10-2607307 Specification [Patent Document 2] Korean Patent No. 10-2586979 Specification [Patent Document 3] Korean Patent No. 10-2458325 Specification [Patent Document 4] Korean Patent No. 10-2458326 Specification [Overview of the project] [Problems that the invention aims to solve]

[0013] The present invention aims to calculate a heatstroke index such as perceived temperature or WBGT by receiving external temperature and humidity and indoor temperature and humidity, and to automatically determine whether or not to operate an air conditioner and the set temperature based on the index.

[0014] The present invention aims to provide a consistent risk indicator regardless of the presence or absence of equipment and data availability by selectively applying the indoor WBGT formula, the outdoor WBGT formula, and a simplified approximation formula depending on the indoor / outdoor environment.

[0015] The present invention aims to enable effective countermeasures before thermal stress is reached by performing preemptive activation and downward adjustment of the set temperature when the hazard level exceeds a certain standard.

[0016] The present invention aims to mitigate peak heat load by utilizing time-series outside air forecasts to calculate the estimated time of criticality and then calculating a pre-operation schedule.

[0017] The present invention aims to analyze the difference between indoor and outdoor WBGT and synchronize ventilation rate correction and additional temperature correction when the influence of outside air is significant.

[0018] The object of the present invention is to ensure control stability through interpolation, fallback, and reliability indexing in the event of data leakage, noise, and outliers.

[0019] The object of the present invention is to realize customization for each space by differential control using area-based sensing and policy objects (valid period, priority, application area, mode).

[0020] The object of the present invention is to integrate safety measures and equipment control such as pre-cooling of rest facilities, linkage with rest cycles, display of emergency measure guides, and outdoor work suspension signals.

[0021] The object of the present invention is to simultaneously achieve comfort and energy efficiency by optimizing ventilation and air conditioning simultaneously in conjunction with CO2 concentration and ventilation volume.

[0022] The object of the present invention is to facilitate regulation compliance and post-verification by recording and storing the number of extremely hot days, danger indicators by time zone, and setting change history, and ensuring the possibility of supervision.

Means for Solving the Problems

[0023] An air quality measurement and air conditioning system according to an embodiment may include a heatstroke environment data receiving unit that collects environmental data including temperature and humidity, a heatstroke index calculation unit that calculates a heatstroke index based on the received environmental data, a heatstroke risk criterion calculation unit that calculates a heatstroke risk criterion based on the heatstroke index and environmental data and calculates the operation status and set temperature of an air conditioner, an air conditioner control unit that controls an already-connected air conditioner according to the calculated heatstroke risk criterion, and a heatstroke risk notification unit that notifies of the risk of heatstroke when there is no already-connected air conditioner.

[0024] An air quality measurement and heating / cooling system operation method according to one embodiment may include the steps of: collecting environmental data including temperature and humidity; calculating a heatstroke index based on the received environmental data; calculating a heatstroke risk standard based on the heatstroke index and environmental data, and calculating whether or not to operate the heating / cooling unit and the set temperature; and controlling the heating / cooling unit that is already connected according to the calculated heatstroke risk standard, or, if there is no heating / cooling unit already connected, notifying the risk of heatstroke. [Effects of the Invention]

[0025] According to one embodiment, this system automatically calculates whether or not to operate air conditioners and the set temperature based on the heatstroke index, and can proactively reduce the risk of heat stress to workers and users in extremely hot conditions.

[0026] According to one embodiment, the system can automatically select indoor / outdoor / approximate paths and make consistent control decisions, along with a confidence index, even in environments where wet-bulb and black-globe sensors are absent or where some data is missing.

[0027] According to one embodiment, this system can reduce energy consumption by distributing peak load through forecast-based lead time calculation and pre-operation scheduling, and by suppressing set temperature chattering.

[0028] According to one embodiment, this system synchronizes an increase in ventilation rate (upward correction) and an additional downward correction by determining the influence of outside air using the difference between indoor and outdoor WBGT, thereby simultaneously improving effective cooling performance and indoor air quality.

[0029] According to one embodiment, this system can apply optimized operating modes for each application, such as high-risk areas, rest facilities, and office areas, through area-specific sensing and differential control based on policy objects.

[0030] According to one embodiment, this system can enhance the effectiveness of safety measures by coordinating the calculation of rest cycles, pre-cooling of rest facilities, display of emergency response guides, and transmission of signals to stop outdoor work.

[0031] According to one embodiment, the system applies interpolation of missing values, prediction substitution, maintenance of the most recent valid value, hysteresis, minimum maintenance time, and ramp limiting, thereby maintaining control stability even when there are changes in data quality.

[0032] According to one embodiment, this system stores the number of days with extreme heat, risk indicators by time of day, setting change history, notifications, and execution results along with time information, enabling rapid verification of compliance with regulations, post-event analysis, and reporting.

[0033] According to one embodiment, this system can shorten the operator's intervention time and increase the speed of on-site response by providing the distribution of hazard levels, equipment status, and the current status of control policy application in real time on the administrator dashboard. [Brief explanation of the drawing]

[0034] [Figure 1] This is a block diagram of the configuration of an air quality measurement and heating / cooling system 100 for automatically controlling the operation status and set temperature of a heating and cooling unit according to one embodiment. [Figure 2] This figure shows an example of a heat index / perceived temperature hazard level mapping table 200 based on temperature and relative humidity. [Figure 3] This figure shows an example screen of a monitoring user interface according to one embodiment. [Figure 4] This is a flowchart of an automatic control method for a heating and cooling system according to one embodiment. [Modes for carrying out the invention]

[0035] The specific structural or functional descriptions relating to each embodiment based on the concept of the present invention disclosed herein are merely illustrative to illustrate each embodiment based on the concept of the present invention, and each embodiment based on the concept of the present invention can be implemented in a variety of forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein.

[0036] Figure 1 is a block diagram of the configuration of an air quality measurement and heating / cooling system 100 for automatically controlling the operation status and set temperature of a heating and cooling unit according to one embodiment.

[0037] An air quality measurement and heating / cooling air conditioning system 100 according to one embodiment includes a heatstroke environmental data receiving unit 110, a heatstroke index calculation unit 120, a heatstroke risk criterion calculation unit 130, a heating / cooling unit control unit 140, and a heatstroke risk notification unit 150.

[0038] According to one embodiment, the heatstroke environmental data receiving unit 110 collects environmental data including temperature and humidity, and can receive the data by measuring at least one of temperature and humidity through its own measuring sensor.

[0039] Furthermore, diverse data sources are integrated by additionally collecting data via an external environmental data server that includes at least one of wind speed and solar radiant heat, and time-synchronized data is collected from temperature and humidity sensors placed at each work site. This ensures accuracy of area-level management, along with metadata including sensor identifiers, collection time, and measurement location.

[0040] In one embodiment, the heatstroke index calculation unit 120 calculates the heatstroke index based on the received environmental data and calculates an index including the perceived temperature or WBGT (Wet Bulb Globe Temperature Index) using the outside temperature and humidity and indoor temperature and humidity data.

[0041] In indoor environments, values ​​are derived by applying the indoor WBGT calculation formula [Equation 1] and the indoor perceived temperature calculation formula [Equation 2], and derived physical quantities such as water vapor pressure (e), wet-bulb temperature (Tw), and air temperature (Ta) are calculated step by step.

[0042] [Number 1] WBGTin = 0.567 * T + 0.393 * e + 3.94 WBGTin: Indoor WBGT (°C) T: Air temperature (°C) e: Vapor pressure (hPa) (e = 6.105 * exp((17.27 * T) / (237.7 + T)) * RH / 100) RH: Relative humidity (%)

[0043] [Number 2] Apparent temperature = -0.2442 + 0.55399 * Tw + 0.45535 * Ta - 0.0022 * Tw 2 + 0.00278 * Tw * Ta + 3.0 Tw: Wet-bulb temperature (°C) Ta: Air temperature (°C)

[0044] The accurate wet-bulb temperature can be obtained by using separate measuring equipment to obtain accurate values, or it can be calculated using the following approximate formula.

[0045] Tw = T * arctan(0.151977(RH + 8.313659) 0.5 ) + arctan(T + RH) - arctan(RH - 1.676331) + 0.00391838(RH) 3 / 2 * arctan(0.023101 * RH) - 4.686035 RH: Relative humidity (%) (Note that the "=" in this formula means approximately equal.)

[0046] In the outdoor environment, when the outdoor WBGT calculation formula of [Number 3] is applied and the globe temperature (Tg) is not collected, an alternative value is calculated by applying an estimation model based on pre-constructed correction coefficients and comparison group data.

[0047] In other words, the heatstroke index calculation unit 120 applies the outdoor WBGT calculation formula [Equation 3] below to the outdoor environment, and if the black globe temperature (Tg) is not measured, it can substitute a pre-constructed correction coefficient and an estimation model based on comparison group data.

[0048] [Math 3] WBGTout=0.7×Tw+0.2×Tg+0.1×Td WBGTout:Outdoor WBGT(°C) Tw: Natural ventilation wet bulb temperature (°C) Tg: Black globe temperature (°C) - Reflects the thermal environment including solar radiation. Td: Dry bulb temperature (°C) 0.7, 0.2, 0.1: Outdoor (solar radiation present) environmental weighting coefficient (dimensionless)

[0049] Furthermore, the heatstroke index calculation unit 120 applies the heat index in high-temperature sections during the summer and the wind chill in cold sections, and in intermediate sections, it reflects the actual temperature or the calculated index in the calculation of the control criteria.

[0050] The heatstroke index calculation unit 120 performs preprocessing such as moving averages and excluding sudden changes in data to ensure data reliability, and calculates WBGT and perceived temperature using only the preprocessed values, thereby providing an output that is resistant to noise. For the estimated interval of the black globe temperature, it calculates metadata for the possible error range of the WBGT estimate and transmits this to the subsequent risk criterion calculation process.

[0051] The heatstroke risk criterion calculation unit 130 calculates the heatstroke risk criterion based on the calculated heatstroke index and environmental data, and determines whether or not to operate the air conditioner and the set temperature based on this criterion.

[0052] The heatstroke risk calculation unit 130 applies a risk level table to determine the operating mode, including the set temperature, airflow, and ventilation rate for each level, and transmits the result to the air conditioning unit control unit 140.

[0053] Furthermore, the heatstroke risk criterion calculation unit 130 calculates rest cycles based on the work period if the perceived temperature is above the standard value, and also calculates pre-cooling parameters for rest areas linked to these rest cycles. When it receives information on the issuance of a heatwave warning or alert from the Japan Meteorological Agency, it analyzes the outside temperature and humidity forecast during the issuance period and calculates the pre-operation start time and operating hours based on the analysis results. In addition, it saves differential operating mode tables for each heatwave stage and updates the control standards according to the stage information.

[0054] The system calculates area-specific temperature correction values ​​by combining location information from the occupancy detection unit with high-risk group information. Based on these values, it generates a priority operating policy for areas where high-risk groups are present. It also calculates the number of extremely hot days on a daily basis and risk indicators by time of day, and assigns a data structure to record and store this information along with the air conditioning control history. If the WBGT estimation error metadata exceeds the critical range, the system instructs the application of an additive coefficient to the downward correction value of the set temperature to prevent under-control of the air conditioner.

[0055] The air conditioning unit control unit 140 controls the connected air conditioning units according to the calculated heatstroke risk criteria and generates control signals including the set temperature, airflow level, ventilation rate, pre-operation lead time, and notification color according to the operating mode mapped to the risk level.

[0056] If the perceived temperature or heatstroke index exceeds the critical threshold, the system automatically generates an operation signal for the air conditioner, regardless of whether someone is in the room, and generates a control signal that lowers the set temperature of the air conditioner by a predetermined downward correction value from the threshold, according to the control threshold. It also generates a control signal to activate the air conditioners in designated rest areas in advance, according to the lead time before the start of rest, and generates a pre-cooling control signal for rest areas synchronized with the rest cycle. Furthermore, it generates signals to control the output and operation cycle for each area in order to maintain the management temperature range for each work area, and configures the system so that the color information included in the control signal is displayed on the guidance display device. The number of extremely hot days per day, the risk index by time period, and the setting change history are recorded and stored on a storage medium along with time information, and this information is retrieved and provided upon request from the administrator terminal.

[0057] The heatstroke risk notification unit 150 notifies of the heatstroke risk if there is no connected air conditioner or heater. If the calculation result exceeds the critical range, it generates a notification signal that displays a heatstroke emergency response guide and contact information on a user terminal or a display device linked to the area display board. In addition, if the maximum perceived temperature forecast is above the standard or a heatwave warning is issued, it determines this to be a condition for suspending outdoor work and sends notification data to the administrator terminal.

[0058] Figure 2 shows an example of a heat index / perceived temperature hazard level mapping table 200 based on temperature and relative humidity.

[0059] The Heat Index / Perceived Temperature Hazard Class Mapping Table 200 is a reference table used by the heatstroke index calculation unit to map the calculated heat index or perceived temperature to the hazard class. In the Heat Index / Perceived Temperature Hazard Class Mapping Table 200, relative humidity (%) is plotted on the horizontal axis and temperature (°C) is plotted on the vertical axis, and the heat index or perceived temperature is calculated and displayed in the intersecting cells.

[0060] The heatstroke index calculation unit 120 applies wind speed and perceived temperature in cold sections, using the following formula [Equation 4] for the heat index and the following formula [Equation 5] for the wind speed and perceived temperature. In intermediate sections, the actual temperature or the heatstroke index can be combined and reflected in the calculation of the control criteria.

[0061] In particular, in high-temperature areas during the summer, the heat index calculation formula [Equation 4] is applied to calculate the heat index corresponding to each intersection in mapping table 200. The heat index calculation formula includes the product term and square term of temperature (T) and relative humidity (RH). The calculated heat index is converted from Fahrenheit to Celsius and recorded in mapping table 200.

[0062] [Math 4] HI=-42.379+2.04901523·T+10.14333127·RH-0.22475541·T·RH -0.00683783·T 2 -0.05481717·RH 2+0.00122874·T 2 ·RH +0.00085282·T·RH 2 -0.00000199·T 2 ·RH 2 HI: Heat Index (°F) - Perceived Heat T: Air Temperature (°F) (This equation assumes Fahrenheit input) RH: Relative Humidity (%) T 2 、RH 2 : Each squared term Each coefficient is a regression coefficient (unitless).

[0063] The heat stroke index calculation unit 120 applies the wind speed perceived temperature calculation formula of [Equation 5] in the low temperature range in winter to calculate the perceived temperature corresponding to the mapping table 200. At this time, the perceived temperature is calculated using the 0.16th power term of the air temperature (T) and the wind speed (V), and the calculation result is recorded in Celsius units. Also, when wind speed data is not provided, an estimated value can be derived by substituting average wind speed data or applying a pre-defined correction coefficient.

[0064] [Equation 5] WCI = 13.12 + 0.6215·T - 11.37·V^0.16 + 0.3965·T·V^0.16 WCI: Wind Speed Perceived Temperature (°C) T: Air Temperature (°C) V: Wind Speed (km / h) V^0.16: 0.16th power of wind speed (unitless) Each coefficient is a model constant (unitless).

[0065] [[ID=4十七]]The heat stroke risk criterion calculation unit 130 determines which risk level interval the value calculated from the combination of air temperature and humidity belongs to, referring to the risk level mapping table 200 of the heat index / perceived temperature. Based on the mapped risk level, the operating mode including the set temperature, air volume stage, and ventilation rate of the air conditioner is determined, and the air conditioner control unit generates a control signal accordingly.

[0066] The heatstroke risk calculation unit 130 determines that a condition is of high risk if the heat index or perceived temperature exceeds a preset standard value. For example, if the heat index is 40 or higher and the humidity is 70% or higher, the mapping table 200 indicates that the perceived temperature exceeds 50°C, which immediately triggers the operation signal for the air conditioner and the conditions for suspending outdoor work.

[0067] Furthermore, the heatstroke risk notification unit 150 generates a notification signal that displays emergency response guides and contact information on a user terminal or a display device linked to an area display board if the risk level determined in the heat index / perceived temperature risk level mapping table 200 exceeds the critical range.

[0068] Therefore, the heat index / perceived temperature risk level mapping table 200 in Figure 2 is configured to allow intuitive confirmation of the heatstroke index calculated according to the temperature and relative humidity. Based on this, the heatstroke risk standard calculation unit 130 calculates the risk level, and the air conditioning unit control unit 140 and the heatstroke risk notification unit 150 perform stepwise control and notification, thereby simultaneously achieving heatstroke prevention and safety assurance.

[0069] Figure 3 shows an example screen of a monitoring user interface according to one embodiment.

[0070] The user interface 300 is configured to visually provide the operating results of the heatstroke environmental data receiving unit, the heatstroke index calculation unit, the heatstroke risk criterion calculation unit, the air conditioning unit control unit, and the heatstroke risk notification unit, allowing administrators to check heatstroke-related conditions in real time.

[0071] The user interface 300 displays the current temperature (condition), current humidity (condition), and current perceived temperature (condition) separately. The current temperature (condition) is displayed by aggregating the number of devices for each temperature range: below 18 degrees, 19 to 23 degrees, 24 to 27 degrees, and above 28 degrees. The current humidity (condition) is provided by classifying the number of devices according to relative humidity ranges: below 40%, 41% to 60%, 61% to 70%, and above 70%. The current perceived temperature (condition) is displayed by showing the number of devices belonging to the danger levels of appropriate, caution, dangerous, and very dangerous, allowing administrators to quickly grasp dangerous conditions.

[0072] The user interface 300 simultaneously provides the total number of registered devices (e.g., 58 devices), the number of devices currently operating normally, and the number of inactive devices. Administrators can filter data by specific work locations or areas through group selection and detailed selection functions, which is achieved based on time-synchronized data and sensor metadata collected by the heatstroke environmental data receiving unit.

[0073] Furthermore, the user interface 300 displays the heatstroke index calculation results for each individual device.

[0074] Each device block displays information on temperature (°C), humidity (%), perceived temperature, hazard level, fine dust, and ultrafine dust, along with the latest measurement time and measurement location identification information for that device. For example, in the case of a particular device, when the temperature is calculated to be 33.5°C, the humidity to 90%, and the perceived temperature hazard level to be 90%, the user interface 300 immediately displays this as a hazard notification state, and the heatstroke hazard notification unit works in conjunction to output first aid guides and contact information.

[0075] The user interface 300 is configured to identify the devices belonging to the relevant section and display them separately when the heatstroke risk criterion calculation unit receives information about a heat warning or alert. For example, if the perceived temperature calculated by a particular device during a heat warning period exceeds the standard, the user interface 300 highlights and displays that device block, and at the same time, the air conditioning unit control unit generates a pre-operation control signal.

[0076] Furthermore, the user interface 300 displays both rest cycle synchronization information and pre-cooling control status for devices placed in the rest area. When the heatstroke risk criterion calculation unit calculates the rest cycle, the air conditioning unit control unit generates a pre-operation signal in accordance with the lead time prior to the start of the rest period, and the user interface 300 indicates that the device status in that area is "pre-cooling in progress."

[0077] Therefore, the user interface 300 in Figure 3 intuitively provides indices and risk criteria calculated based on heatstroke environmental data, supporting administrators in determining the risk status for each area in real time and enabling timely control of heating and cooling systems or heatstroke risk notifications. This has the effect of significantly improving the reliability of heatstroke (thermal illness) prevention and safety management.

[0078] Figure 4 is a flowchart of an automatic control method for a heating and cooling system according to one embodiment.

[0079] An automatic control method for air conditioners according to one embodiment includes a step (401) of collecting environmental data including temperature and humidity.

[0080] In the aforementioned stage, the heatstroke environmental data receiving unit receives heatstroke environmental data through its own measuring sensor for measuring at least one of temperature and humidity.

[0081] The heatstroke environmental data receiving unit further includes environmental data collected from an external environmental data providing server, which may include at least one of wind speed and solar radiant heat, as needed, to ensure a variety of environmental data.

[0082] The heatstroke environment data receiving unit collects time-synchronized data from temperature and humidity sensors placed in each work area and stores the data along with metadata including sensor identifiers, collection time, and measurement location.

[0083] An automatic control method for air conditioners according to one embodiment includes a step (402) of calculating a heatstroke index based on received environmental data.

[0084] In the aforementioned stage, the heatstroke index calculation unit calculates a heatstroke index, including the perceived temperature or WBGT (Wet Bulb Globe Temperature Index), using the outside temperature and humidity and indoor temperature and humidity data.

[0085] The heatstroke index calculation unit applies the heat index in high-temperature sections during the summer, the wind speed-induced perceived temperature in cold sections, and in intermediate sections, it incorporates and reflects either the actual temperature or the heatstroke index in the calculation of the control criteria, according to the perceived temperature selection criteria for the Korean environment.

[0086] The heatstroke index calculation unit calculates the indoor heatstroke index value by applying the indoor WBGT calculation formula [Equation 1] and the indoor perceived temperature calculation formula [Equation 2] to the indoor environment.

[0087] The heatstroke index calculation unit applies the outdoor WBGT calculation formula [Equation 3] to the outdoor environment, and for periods when the black globe temperature (Tg) is not collected, it applies and substitutes an estimation model based on a pre-constructed correction coefficient and comparison group data.

[0088] The heatstroke index calculation unit performs moving average and rapid change exclusion preprocessing to remove noise from the sensor data, and calculates WBGT, perceived temperature, and heatstroke index using only the preprocessed values.

[0089] The heatstroke index calculation unit calculates metadata for the possible error range of the WBGT estimate for periods when the black globe temperature (Tg) is not collected, and then provides this metadata to a subsequent step.

[0090] An automatic air conditioning and heating system control method according to one embodiment includes a step (403) of calculating the heatstroke risk standard based on the heatstroke index and environmental data, and determining whether the air conditioning and heating system is operational and the set temperature.

[0091] In the aforementioned stage, the heatstroke risk criterion calculation unit calculates the heatstroke risk criterion based on the calculated heatstroke index and environmental data.

[0092] The heatstroke risk criterion calculation unit determines an operating mode, including the set temperature, airflow, and ventilation rate for each risk level, by applying a risk level table.

[0093] The aforementioned heatstroke risk criterion calculation unit calculates rest cycles for work periods in which the perceived temperature is above a predetermined standard value, and calculates pre-cooling parameters for rest areas that are linked to the rest cycles.

[0094] When the heatstroke risk criterion calculation unit receives information from the Japan Meteorological Agency regarding the issuance of a heat warning or extreme heat advisory, it analyzes the forecast for outside temperature and humidity by time of day during the issuance period and calculates the pre-start time and operating time of air conditioners and heaters based on the results of the analysis.

[0095] The aforementioned heatstroke risk criterion calculation unit stores differential operating mode tables corresponding to the extreme heat warning stage and the extreme heat alert stage, and updates the control criteria for each level when stage information is received.

[0096] The heatstroke risk criterion calculation unit combines information on high-risk groups registered as subjects for management with information on the location of occupancy from the occupancy detection unit to calculate the set temperature correction value for each area.

[0097] The heatstroke risk criterion calculation unit calculates the number of extremely hot days on a daily basis and risk indicators for each time period, and assigns a data structure to enable the recording and storage of these indicators along with the air conditioning control history.

[0098] The heatstroke risk criterion calculation unit instructs the unit to apply an additive coefficient to the downward correction value of the set temperature if the error range metadata exceeds the critical range, thereby preventing under-control of the air conditioner.

[0099] An automatic air conditioning control method according to one embodiment includes a step (404) in which the user is notified of a danger according to the calculated heatstroke risk standard and controls an air conditioning unit if one is already connected.

[0100] In the aforementioned stage, if the heatstroke risk notification unit determines that the calculated heatstroke risk criteria exceed the critical range, it generates a notification signal that displays a heatstroke emergency response guide and contact information on a display device linked to a user terminal or area display board.

[0101] The aforementioned heatstroke risk notification unit determines that outdoor work should be stopped if the maximum perceived temperature forecast is above a certain level or if a heatwave warning is issued, and sends heatstroke risk notification data to the administrator terminal.

[0102] In the aforementioned stage, the air conditioning unit control unit generates a control signal including the set temperature, airflow level, ventilation rate, pre-operation lead time, and notification color, according to the operating mode mapped to the hazard class.

[0103] The aforementioned air conditioning unit control unit automatically generates an operation signal for the air conditioner when the perceived temperature or heatstroke index is above a preset critical value, regardless of whether there is an occupant in the room, and generates a control signal that lowers the set temperature of the air conditioner by a predetermined downward correction value from the already set standard value.

[0104] The air conditioning unit control unit generates a control signal to activate the air conditioners in the designated rest areas in advance according to the rest cycle, in accordance with a predetermined lead time before the start of the rest period.

[0105] When the air conditioning control unit calculates the expected time when the perceived temperature will reach a standard value based on the forecast of outside temperature and humidity for each time period, it generates a pre-operation signal for the air conditioner for a predetermined lead time prior to the expected time.

[0106] The aforementioned air conditioning control unit generates signals to control the air conditioning unit output and operating cycle for each area in order to maintain the controlled temperature range for each work area, and generates control signals to prioritize the operation of air conditioning units in areas where high-risk groups are present.

[0107] The aforementioned air conditioning unit control unit records and stores the calculated values ​​and the history of changes to the air conditioning unit settings along with time information on a storage medium, and provides the records to the administrator terminal upon request.

[0108] As described above, each embodiment has been explained based on the limited drawings, but a person with ordinary skill in the art can make various modifications and variations from the above description. For example, appropriate results can be achieved even if each of the described techniques is performed in a different order than described, and / or if each component of the described system, structure, apparatus, circuit, etc. is combined or assembled in a different manner than described, or is substituted or replaced by other components or equivalents.

[0109] Therefore, other embodiments, other examples, and claims equivalent to those described below also fall under the scope of the claims described later.

Claims

1. In an air quality measurement and heating / cooling system for automatically controlling the operation status and set temperature of heating and cooling units, A heatstroke environmental data receiving unit that collects environmental data including temperature and humidity; A heatstroke index calculation unit that calculates the heatstroke index based on the received environmental data; A heatstroke risk criterion calculation unit calculates the heatstroke risk criterion based on the aforementioned heatstroke index and environmental data, and calculates whether or not air conditioners are operating and their set temperatures; A heatstroke risk notification unit that alerts the user to the risk of heatstroke according to the heatstroke risk criteria calculated above; and An air quality measurement and heating / cooling system characterized by including a heating / cooling unit control unit for controlling a heating / cooling unit that is already connected.

2. The air quality measurement and heating / cooling system according to claim 1, characterized in that the heatstroke environment data receiving unit receives heatstroke environment data through its own measuring sensor for measuring at least one of temperature and humidity.

3. The air quality measurement and heating / cooling system according to claim 2, characterized in that the heatstroke environmental data receiving unit further includes environmental data collected via an external environmental data providing server, which includes at least one of wind speed and solar radiant heat.

4. The aforementioned air conditioning control unit automatically generates an operation signal for the air conditioner, regardless of whether there is an occupant in the room, if the perceived temperature or heatstroke index calculated by the heatstroke index calculation unit is above a preset critical standard value. An air quality measurement and heating / cooling system characterized by being configured to generate a control signal that lowers the set temperature of an air conditioner by a predetermined downward correction value from an already set reference value, according to the control reference value calculated by the control reference calculation unit.

5. The heatstroke risk criterion calculation unit calculates rest periods for work periods in which the perceived temperature is above a predetermined standard value, The air quality measurement and heating / cooling system according to claim 1, characterized in that the heating / cooling unit control unit generates a control signal to operate the air conditioners in the designated rest area in advance according to the calculated rest cycle, in accordance with a predetermined lead time before the start of rest.

6. When the aforementioned heatstroke risk criterion calculation unit receives information from the Japan Meteorological Agency regarding the issuance of a heat warning or extreme heat alert, it analyzes the forecast for outside temperature and humidity by time of day during the issuance period, and based on the results of that analysis, calculates the pre-operation start time and operating time of the air conditioning and heating system. The air quality measurement and heating / cooling system according to claim 1, characterized in that the heating / cooling unit control unit generates a pre-operation control signal based on the calculation result.

7. The air quality measurement and heating / cooling system according to claim 1, characterized in that the heatstroke risk criterion calculation unit determines that outdoor work should be stopped if the maximum perceived temperature forecast is above a certain standard or if a heatwave warning is issued, and transmits heatstroke risk notification data to the administrator terminal.

8. It further includes an occupancy detection unit, The control standard calculation unit calculates area-specific set temperature correction values ​​by combining the high-risk group information registered as the managed persons and the occupancy location information from the occupancy detection unit. The air quality measurement and heating / cooling system according to claim 1, characterized in that the heating / cooling unit control unit generates a control signal to prioritize the operation of the air conditioners in the area where the high-risk group is located, after reflecting the correction value.

9. The air quality measurement and heating / cooling system according to claim 1, characterized in that the heating and cooling unit control unit generates a control signal including a set temperature, airflow level, ventilation rate, pre-operation lead time, and notification color according to an operating mode mapped to a hazard class, and the color information included in the control signal is displayed on a guidance display device.

10. The heatstroke index calculation unit calculates a heatstroke index including perceived temperature or WBGT (Wet Bulb Globe Temperature Index) using outside temperature and humidity and indoor temperature and humidity data. The control standard calculation unit determines the operating mode, including the set temperature, airflow, and ventilation rate for each class, by applying the calculated index to the hazard class table. The air quality measurement and heating / cooling system according to claim 1, characterized in that the heating / cooling unit control unit generates a control signal corresponding to the determined operating mode.

11. The air quality measurement and heating / cooling system according to claim 1, characterized in that the heatstroke risk criterion calculation unit calculates the number of days with extreme heat on a daily basis and risk indicators for each time period using data from the Japan Meteorological Agency, and the air conditioning unit control unit records and stores the calculated values ​​and the history of changes in the settings of the air conditioning unit together with time information on a storage medium, and queries and provides the records when requested by the administrator terminal.

12. The aforementioned heatstroke risk criterion calculation unit calculates the expected time when the perceived temperature will reach the criterion value from the outside temperature and humidity forecast for each time period. The air quality measurement and heating / cooling system according to claim 1, characterized in that the heating / cooling unit control unit generates a pre-operation signal for the air conditioner for a predetermined lead time prior to the expected time.

13. The air quality measurement and heating / cooling system according to claim 1, characterized in that the heatstroke risk notification unit generates a notification signal that displays a heatstroke emergency response guide and contact information on a display device linked to a user terminal or area display board when the calculation result of the heatstroke risk standard exceeds a critical range.

14. The aforementioned heatstroke environment data receiving unit collects time-synchronized data from temperature and humidity sensors placed in each work area. The aforementioned heatstroke risk criterion calculation unit sets the management temperature range for each work location, The air quality measurement and heating / cooling system according to claim 1, characterized in that the heating / cooling unit control unit generates signals to control the cooling unit output and operating cycle for each area in order to maintain the controlled temperature range.

15. The aforementioned heatstroke risk criterion calculation unit stores differential operating mode tables corresponding to the extreme heat warning stage and the extreme heat alert stage, The air quality measurement and heating / cooling system according to claim 1, characterized in that when the heating / cooling unit control unit receives stage information, it generates an operating mode conversion signal that applies the set temperature, airflow rate, ventilation rate, and pre-cooling parameters for the rest area specified in the table.

16. The air quality measurement and heating / cooling system according to claim 1, characterized in that the heating / cooling unit control unit generates a pre-cooling control signal for the rest area synchronized with the rest cycle.

17. The heatstroke index calculation unit calculates the indoor heatstroke index value by applying the indoor WBGT calculation formula [Formula 1] and the indoor perceived temperature calculation formula [Formula 2] below to the indoor environment. The air quality measurement and heating / cooling air conditioning system according to claim 1, characterized in that the heatstroke risk criterion calculation unit is configured to determine the risk level based on the indoor heatstroke index value. (Hazard classification is determined according to national and regional standards - see example screens [200] and [201] in the diagram.) [Mathematics 1] WBGTin=0.567*T+0.393*e+3.94 WBGTin: Indoor WBGT (°C) T: Temperature (°C) e: Water vapor pressure (hPa) (e=6.105*exp((17.27*T) / (237.7+T))*RH / 100) RH: Relative humidity (%) [Mathematics 2] Feeling temperature = -0.2442 + 0.55399 * Tw + 0.45535 * Ta - 0.0022 * Tw ２ +0.00278*Tw*Ta+3.0 Tw: Wet bulb temperature (°C) Ta: Temperature (°C) The accurate wet-bulb temperature can be determined using separate measuring equipment or calculated using an approximate formula such as the following. Tw=T*arctan(0.151977(RH+8.313659) ０．５ )+arctan(T+RH)-arctan(RH-1.676331)+0.00391838(RH) ３／２ *arctan(0.023101*RH)-4.686035 RH: Relative humidity (%) (Note that the "=" in this equation means approximately equal.)

18. The air quality measurement and heating / cooling air conditioning system according to claim 1, characterized in that the heatstroke index calculation unit applies the following outdoor WBGT calculation formula [Equation 3] to the outdoor environment, and if the black globe temperature (Tg) is not measured, it applies and substitutes an estimation model based on a pre-constructed correction coefficient and comparison group data. [Mathematics 3] WBGTout=0.7×Tw+0.2×Tg+0.1×Td WBGTout: Outdoor WBGT (°C) Tw: Natural ventilation wet bulb temperature (°C) Tg: Black globe temperature (°C) - Reflects the thermal environment including solar radiation. Td: Dry bulb temperature (°C) 0.7, 0.2, 0.1: Outdoor (solar radiation present) environmental weighting coefficient (unitless)

19. The heatstroke index calculation unit calculates the heat index in the high-temperature section of summer according to the perceived temperature selection criteria for the Korean environment. The air quality measurement and heating / cooling air conditioning system according to claim 1, characterized in that in cold sections, the wind speed-perceived temperature is applied, the heat index is applied as shown in [Equation 4] below, and the wind speed-perceived temperature is applied as shown in [Equation 5] below, and in intermediate sections, the actual temperature or the heatstroke index is incorporated into the calculation of the control standard and reflected. [Math 4] HI=-42.379+2.04901523・T+10.14333127・RH-0.22475541・T・RH -0.00683783・T ２ -0.05481717・RH ２ +0.00122874・T ２ ・RH +0.00085282・T・RH ２ -0.00000199・T ２ ・RH ２ HI: Heat Index (°F) - perceived temperature T: Temperature (°F) (This formula assumes Fahrenheit input) RH: Relative humidity (%) T ２ RH ２ : Each squared term Each coefficient is a regression coefficient (dimensionless). [Math 5] WCI=13.12+0.6215・T-11.37・V^0.16+0.3965・T・V^0.16 WCI: Wind speed and sensible temperature (°C) T: Temperature (°C) V: Wind speed (km / h) V^0.16: Wind speed raised to the power of 0.16 (unitless) Each coefficient is a model constant (dimensionless).

20. The air quality measurement and heating / cooling system according to claim 1, characterized in that the heatstroke index calculation unit calculates error range metadata for the WBGT estimate for a period in which the black globe temperature (Tg) is not collected, and then provides this to the heatstroke risk criterion calculation unit, and the heatstroke risk criterion calculation unit is configured to apply an additive coefficient to the downward correction value of the set temperature in order to prevent under-control of the air conditioner when the metadata exceeds a critical range.

21. The air quality measurement and heating / cooling system according to claim 1, characterized in that the heatstroke index calculation unit is configured to perform moving average and rapid change exclusion preprocessing to remove noise from sensor data, and to calculate WBGT, perceived temperature, and heatstroke index using only the preprocessed values.

22. In an air quality measurement and heating / cooling system operation method for automatically controlling the operation status and set temperature of heating and cooling units, The stage of collecting environmental data, including temperature and humidity; A step of calculating the heatstroke index based on the aforementioned received environmental data; A step of calculating the heatstroke risk criteria based on the aforementioned heatstroke index and environmental data, and determining whether or not to operate air conditioners and the set temperature; and The stage of alerting the user to the risk of heatstroke according to the calculated heatstroke risk criteria, and controlling any already connected heating or cooling units; A method for measuring air quality and operating a heating, cooling, and air conditioning system, characterized by including the above.

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