Lean vehicle with manual transmission

Abstract

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a manual transmission (MT)-type leaning vehicle that has an idling stop function and is yet capable of starting the engine under the same condition as that of a vehicle having no idling stop function, depending on an action of an all-wheel grounding-type self-standing mechanism, and that makes it possible to tell easily whether the MT-type leaning vehicle is in an idling stop state or in the same state as a vehicle having no idling stop function, through an operation of a clutch lever. An idling stop control unit of a control device performs an idling stop restart process to bring the engine into an operation-stopped idling stop state on the basis of the establishment of an idling stop condition other than the state of an all-wheel grounding-type self-standing mechanism, and restarts the engine on the basis of a result of detection of operation by a clutch sensor in the idling stop state. A forced-stop control unit performs an engine forced-stop start process as a process independent of the idling stop restart process, to forcibly stop the operation of the engine when an action of the all-wheel grounding-type self-standing mechanism is detected, and then maintains the engine operation stopped state until the engine start switch is operated, without starting the engine according to the result of detection of operation by the clutch sensor.

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a lean vehicle with a manual transmission (MT). [Background technology]

[0002] Manual Transmission (MT) Known examples of lean-type vehicles include motorcycles with an idling stop function. For example, in the motorcycle shown in Patent Document 1, when the engine speed drops below a set value, the engine transitions from a running state to an idling stop state. The engine in the idling stop state can be restarted, for example, by operating the clutch lever. The motorcycle shown in Patent Document 1 cannot be restarted by operating the clutch lever when the engine is in the idling stop state and the side stand, which serves as an all-wheel ground-contact type self-supporting mechanism, is deployed. For example, the motorcycle disclosed in Patent Document 2 includes a stand-in-use control unit and an idling stop control unit. The idling stop control unit automatically stops the engine. The stand-in-use control unit stops the engine when the side stand is in use. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0003] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2016-156347 [Patent Document 2] International Publication No. 2019 / 198599 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0004] In manual transmission (MT) lean vehicles , while having an idling stop function, the same conditions as a vehicle without an idling stop function due to the operation of the all-wheel grounding type self-standing mechanism In other words, operate the engine start switch instead of the clutch lever.The engine can be started by the above and is in an idling stop state, or in the same state as a vehicle without an idling stop function. In other words, the engine is started by operating the engine start switch instead of the clutch lever. It is desirable to be able to easily grasp whether the clutch lever is in a locked position by operating the clutch lever. The object of the present invention is to provide a vehicle with an idling stop function, which can start the engine under the same conditions as a vehicle without the idling stop function by the operation of an all-wheel grounding type self-standing mechanism, and which can easily tell by operating the clutch lever whether the vehicle is in the idling stop state or in the same state as a vehicle without the idling stop function. Manual transmission (MT) lean vehicle The purpose is to provide [Means for solving the problem]

[0005] The inventors have studied the function of a stand as an example of an all-wheel-ground-contact type self-supporting mechanism for a manual transmission lean vehicle. A stand is an example of a self-supporting mechanism that allows a stopped vehicle to stand on its own. Self-supporting mechanisms are classified into non-all-wheel-ground-contact type self-supporting mechanisms and all-wheel-ground contact type self-supporting mechanisms. An example of a non-all-wheel-ground-contact type self-supporting mechanism is a main stand. When the main stand is deployed, some of the wheels of the manual-transmission lean vehicle are lifted off the ground. In other words, the main stand allows the manual-transmission lean vehicle to stand on its own with some of the wheels lifted off the ground. An example of an all-wheel-ground-contact type self-supporting mechanism is a side stand. , complex The side stand allows a manual transmission lean-to vehicle to stand upright with all of its wheels on the ground. The side stand can be deployed while keeping all of the wheels on a manual transmission lean-to vehicle in a state where they are on the ground. The side stand is often used as a simpler means than the main stand. Some manual transmission lean-to vehicles only have a side stand.

[0006] The inventors have focused on the relationship between the idling stop function, which includes restarting the engine using the clutch lever, and the function of the all-wheel ground contact type self-supporting mechanism. For example, Patent Document 1 explains that "when the idling stop mode selection switch 67 is ON, the restart control repeatedly processes the flow shown in FIG. 5." Patent Document 1 shows the restart control in FIG. 5. The restart control shown in FIG. 5 is repeatedly executed. This is also clear from paragraph

[0085] of Patent Document 1, which states that "when the restart conditions (including stand) are not satisfied (No in step S13), the restart control is terminated and the process returns to step S11 (which was previously executed)." In the technology of Patent Document 1, when the stand is deployed, the restart condition is no longer satisfied (No in step S13), and restart control based on clutch operation (step S14) is not performed. However, the process returns to step S11, and the process of the flow in FIG. 5 of Patent Document 1 is repeated. If the stand is retracted during this process, the restart condition is satisfied and restart control based on clutch operation (step S14) is performed. In other words, restart control based on clutch operation is resumed. In this way, the state of the stand is incorporated as a condition in the restart control in Patent Document 1. For this reason, the engine of the motorcycle in Patent Document 1 cannot be started using the same operations as a vehicle without an idling stop function.

[0007] For example, Patent Document 2 also describes idling stop control and control when the side stand is in use. However, the control in Patent Document 2 does not determine whether the engine is stopped by the side stand when the vehicle is in an idling stop state. The control flow in Patent Document 2 is detailed in FIG. 5 of Patent Document 2. According to this flow, if the vehicle is in an idling stop state (YES in S1), the control "does not output to the IMOAU terminal" in step S4. In this case, neither the processing in steps S2 nor S3 is performed. Here, steps S2 and S3 are "output to the IMOAU terminal" processing when the vehicle is in an engine stall state and not in an idling stop state. The output from the IMOAU terminal indicates, for example, whether the vehicle is stopped by the side stand. Therefore, in Patent Document 2, the determination of whether the engine is stopped by the side stand depends on the idling stop state determined by the idling stop processing.

[0008] The inventors have considered implementing an idling stop function for a lean-mounted manual transmission vehicle with a clutch lever and side stand by independently implementing a process for the side stand as an all-wheel-ground-contact self-standing mechanism from the idling stop function process, including restarting the engine using the clutch lever. This independently implemented process prevents the engine from starting until the engine start switch is operated once the side stand is extended, regardless of whether the vehicle is in an idling stop state or not. In this case, once the side stand is extended, the engine cannot be restarted by operating the clutch lever. In other words, once the stand is extended, the engine starts under the same conditions as a vehicle without an idling stop function. For example, a situation in which the side stand is extended may occur when a rider leaves a lean-to manual transmission vehicle. For example, a rider returning to a lean-to manual transmission vehicle from a distant location may believe that the engine will start simply by operating the engine start switch. By preventing the engine from starting by operating the clutch lever after the stand is once extended in an idle-stop state, for example, a situation in which the engine is started by operating the clutch lever before the start switch is operated after the side stand is extended and then retracted is prevented. In contrast, if the side stand is not deployed during the idling stop state, the engine is started by operating the clutch lever. After the engine starts, the manual transmission lean-to vehicle can start moving by returning the clutch lever from its operated state. In other words, a manual transmission lean-to vehicle can start moving from a stopped state with the engine by simply operating the clutch lever back and forth, for example.

[0009] When the stand is not deployed during an idle stop state, and when the side stand is deployed and then retracted, both states are considered to be in the stand retracted state. Therefore, unlike the configuration of Patent Document 1, in which the response to the start operation depends only on the current state of the side stand, the response to the start operation cannot be distinguished by the side stand. It is also conceivable that there may be cases in which it is necessary to check the display of meters showing the status before starting the vehicle. However, users of manual transmission lean-to vehicles with an engine that starts when the clutch lever is operated during an idle-stop state are likely to first operate the clutch lever to start the vehicle with the engine stopped. If the side stand is not deployed during the idle-stop state, the engine starts in response to the operation of the clutch lever. In contrast, if the side stand is deployed during the idle-stop state, the engine does not start in response to the operation of the clutch lever, even if the side stand is subsequently retracted. In this case, the engine starts by operating the engine start switch, just like in manual transmission lean-to vehicles without an idle-stop function. In other words, by operating the clutch lever, which is often operated first when starting the engine, it is possible to easily determine whether the manual transmission lean-to vehicle is in an idle-stop state or in the same state as a vehicle without an idle-stop function. In other words, when the side stand is retracted, the response to the start operation can be easily determined without, for example, checking a display. Therefore, starting operations are easy in manual transmission lean-to vehicles that have a clutch lever and an idle-stop function and that do not start the engine by operating the clutch lever once the side stand is extended. The above can also be applied to a lean manual transmission vehicle having an all-wheel ground-contact type self-supporting mechanism other than a side stand.

[0010] In order to achieve the above object, according to one aspect of the present invention, a MT lean vehicle has the following configuration.

[0011] (1) A lean vehicle with a manual transmission (MT) that is not self-supporting due to the wheels that are in contact with the ground during driving. The MT lean vehicle is the plurality of wheels including drive wheels that drive the MT lean vehicle; an all-wheel ground-contact type self-supporting mechanism configured to make the vehicle body self-supporting with the plurality of wheels in contact with the ground when in operation, and to make the vehicle body self-supporting when not in operation; a detection device for detecting whether the all-wheel ground-contact type self-supporting mechanism is operating; an engine having a crankshaft and outputting power generated by combustion via the crankshaft; a manual transmission that changes the gear ratio between the crankshaft and the drive wheels in multiple stages including a neutral state; a clutch lever that operates the clutch in response to an operation by a rider; a clutch sensor that detects the operation of the clutch lever; a starter generator that drives the crankshaft when the engine is started and is driven by the crankshaft to generate electricity when the engine is in a combustion operation; an engine start switch for starting the engine in response to an operation by the rider; a control device for controlling the operation of the engine and the starter-generator; and characterized by: the control device includes an idling stop control unit that implements an idling stop / restart process for idling stop and restart of the engine, and a forced stop control unit that implements an engine forced stop / start process for stopping and starting the engine under conditions different from the idling stop and restart, the idling stop control unit, by carrying out the idling stop restart process, places the engine in an idling stop state in which operation is stopped based on the establishment of an idling stop condition other than the state of the all-wheel ground contact type self-supporting mechanism, and restarts the engine based on the operation detection result by the clutch sensor in the idling stop state; The forced stop control unit executes the engine forced stop / start process as a process independent of the idling stop restart process, and after forcibly stopping the operation of the engine when operation of the all-wheel ground-contact type self-sustaining mechanism is detected, maintains the stopped state of the engine operation until the engine start switch is operated without starting the engine based on the operation detection result by the clutch sensor, and starts the engine based on the operation of the engine start switch.

[0012] The MT lean vehicle (1) is a vehicle equipped with a manual transmission. The MT lean vehicle includes a plurality of wheels, an all-wheel ground-mounted self-supporting mechanism, a detection device, an engine, a clutch lever, a clutch sensor, a starter generator, an engine start switch, and a control device. The plurality of wheels are provided on a vehicle body provided on a manual transmission lean vehicle. The plurality of wheels include drive wheels. The all-wheel-ground-contact type self-supporting mechanism is, for example, a side stand. The all-wheel-ground-contact type self-supporting mechanism is configured to support the vehicle body with the plurality of wheels on the ground when in operation. The all-wheel-ground-contact type self-supporting mechanism does not support the vehicle body when not in operation. The engine outputs power generated by combustion. The power is output via a crankshaft. The clutch provided on the manual transmission lean vehicle operates to cut off the transmission of output from the crankshaft to the drive wheels. The manual transmission changes the gear ratio between the crankshaft and the drive wheels in response to operation. The clutch lever operates the clutch in response to operation by the rider. The clutch sensor detects operation of the clutch lever. The starter generator drives the crankshaft when the engine is started. The starter generator is driven by the crankshaft during combustion operation of the engine to generate electricity. The engine start switch is operated by the rider. The engine is configured to start in response to operation of the engine start switch. The control device controls the operation of the engine and the starter-generator, and includes an idling stop control unit and a forced stop control unit. The idling stop control unit implements an idling stop restart process. The idling stop restart process is a process for stopping and restarting the engine. By implementing the idling stop restart process, the idling stop control unit puts the engine into an idling stop state and restarts the engine. In the idling stop restart process, the idling stop control unit puts the engine into an idling stop state based on the establishment of an idling stop condition other than the state of the all-wheel ground-contact type self-supporting mechanism. The idling stop state is a state in which operation is stopped. Furthermore, the idling stop restart process restarts the engine in the idling stop state based on the result of operation detection by the clutch sensor. The forced stop control unit implements the engine forced stop / start process. The engine forced stop / start process is a process for stopping and starting the engine under conditions different from idling stop and restart. The forced stop control unit implements the engine forced stop / start process independently from the idling stop / restart process. Furthermore, the forced stop control unit implements the engine forced stop / start process regardless of whether the vehicle is in an idling stop state or not. The forced stop control unit forcibly stops the operation of the engine by implementing the engine forced stop / start process. Furthermore, the forced stop control unit starts the engine by implementing the engine forced stop / start process. In the forced engine stop / start process, the forced stop control unit forcibly stops the engine when operation of the all-wheel ground-contact type self-supporting mechanism is detected. Here, the forced stop of the engine refers to forcibly stopping the engine regardless of whether the engine is running or stopped. The forced stop of the engine also includes stopping the operation of the forced engine stop / start process while maintaining the engine in a stopped state during the idle stop restart process. In the forced engine stop / start process, the forced stop control unit starts the forcibly stopped engine based on operation of the engine start switch. In the forced engine stop / start process, the forced stop control unit does not start the engine based on the detection result of the operation by the clutch sensor, but maintains the stopped state of the engine until the engine start switch is operated. In other words, the forced stop control unit does not release the stopped state of the engine based on the detection result of the operation by the clutch sensor. Note that the conditions for forced engine stop may be met even when the engine is already stopped. For example, the conditions for forced engine stop may be met even when the engine is stopped by the idle stop restart process. In this case, once the condition is met, the engine either changes from an operating state to a stopped state or remains stopped, and the stopped state of the engine thus generated is maintained until the engine start switch is operated.

[0013] The engine forced stop / start process is carried out independently of the idle stop restart process. Therefore, while the engine enters the idle stop state based on the establishment of conditions other than the state of the all-wheel ground contact type stand-alone mechanism, the engine operation is forcibly stopped when the all-wheel ground contact type stand-alone mechanism is activated. When the all-wheel ground contact type stand-alone mechanism is activated, the stopped state of the engine operation is not released by operating the clutch lever, but is maintained until the engine start switch is operated. In other words, after the all-wheel ground contact type stand-alone mechanism is activated, the engine will not start at least until the engine start switch is operated. After the all-wheel ground contact type stand-alone mechanism is activated, the engine will start when the engine start switch is operated. In this way, once the all-wheel ground contact type independent mechanism is activated, the engine of the MT lean vehicle (1) can be started under the same conditions as a vehicle without an idling stop function, even when the all-wheel ground contact type independent mechanism is stopped. Therefore, while the idling stop function is present, the engine can be started under the same conditions as a vehicle without an idling stop function. In manual transmission lean-to vehicles with an engine that starts when the clutch lever is operated during an idle-stop state, the clutch lever is often operated first to start the vehicle from a stopped engine state. If the side stand is not deployed during the idle-stop state, the engine starts in response to the operation of the clutch lever. In contrast, if the side stand is deployed during the idle-stop state, the engine does not start in response to the operation of the clutch lever, even if the side stand is subsequently retracted. In this case, the engine starts by operating the engine start switch, just like in manual transmission lean-to vehicles without an idle-stop function. By operating the clutch lever, which is often operated first when starting the engine, it is possible to easily determine whether the manual transmission lean-to vehicle is in an idle-stop state or in the same state as a vehicle without an idle-stop function. A rider of a manual transmission lean-to vehicle can determine the state by operating the clutch lever itself, for example, without checking the state of a display device. Therefore, starting operations in manual transmission lean-to vehicles are easy.

[0014] According to one aspect of the present invention, a MT lean vehicle can employ the following configuration. (2) A manual transmission lean vehicle as described in (1), The forced stop control unit executes the engine forced stop / start process to forcibly stop the operation of the engine when operation of the all-wheel ground contact type self-sustaining mechanism is detected, maintains the stopped state of the engine operation with the transmission of output from the engine to the drive wheels cut off, and continues to operate the all-wheel ground contact type self-sustaining mechanism until the engine start switch is operated, and starts the engine based on the simultaneous occurrence of both the stop of operation of the all-wheel ground contact type self-sustaining mechanism and the operation of the engine start switch with the transmission of output from the engine to the drive wheels cut off.

[0015] In the MT lean vehicle of (2), the transmission of power from the engine to the drive wheels is cut off when the engine is started. This reduces the resistance that the engine receives from the drive wheels when the engine is started. Therefore, in the MT lean vehicle of (2), the engine can be started in a shorter time under the same conditions as a vehicle without an idling stop function, compared to a vehicle without such a configuration.

[0016] According to one aspect of the present invention, a MT lean vehicle can employ the following configuration. (3) A manual transmission lean vehicle according to (1) or (2), The all-wheel ground-contact type self-supporting mechanism is a side stand that operates by being deployed, the idling stop control unit carries out the idling stop restart process, thereby bringing the engine into the idling stop state in which operation is stopped based on the establishment of an idling stop condition other than the side stand state, and restarting the engine based on the operation detection result by the clutch sensor in the idling stop state; The forced stop control unit executes the engine forced stop / start process to forcibly stop the operation of the engine when the deployment of the side stand is detected, maintain the stopped state of the engine until the engine start switch is operated, and start the engine when the engine start switch is operated.

[0017] (3) The all-wheel ground-contact type self-supporting mechanism in a manual transmission lean vehicle is a side stand. The side stand makes the vehicle stand by itself when it is deployed. That is, the side stand operates as an all-wheel ground-contact type self-supporting mechanism. The side stand stops its function of making the vehicle stand by itself when it is retracted. That is, the side stand stops operating as an all-wheel ground-contact type self-supporting mechanism. After the side stand is deployed, the engine will not start until the engine start switch is operated. After the side stand is deployed, the engine will start when the engine start switch is operated. Therefore, once the side stand is deployed, the engine of the MT lean vehicle (3) can be started using the same operation as a vehicle without an idling stop function, even when the side stand is retracted. Therefore, even while the vehicle has an idling stop function, the engine can be started under the same conditions as a vehicle without an idling stop function.

[0018] According to one aspect of the present invention, a MT lean vehicle can employ the following configuration. (4) A manual transmission lean vehicle according to any one of (1) to (3), the MT lean vehicle includes an accelerator grip that outputs an acceleration request for the MT lean vehicle when operated; the idling stop control unit, by carrying out the idling stop restart process, places the engine in the idling stop state in which operation is stopped based on the establishment of an idling stop condition other than the state of the all-wheel ground contact type self-supporting mechanism, and restarts the engine when the accelerator grip does not output the acceleration request and the clutch sensor outputs an operation detection result; The forced stop control unit executes the engine forced stop / start process to forcibly stop the operation of the engine when operation of the all-wheel ground-contact type self-sustaining mechanism is detected, maintains the engine in a stopped state until the engine start switch is operated, and starts the engine based on the operation of the engine start switch.

[0019] In the manual transmission lean vehicle (4), the engine restarts when no acceleration request is output from the accelerator grip and the clutch sensor outputs a detection result of operation. With the manual transmission lean vehicle (4), the increase in rotation speed after restarting the engine can be suppressed. In other words, it is possible to suppress the need to wait for the increased rotation speed to decrease before starting. Starting the engine and starting the vehicle are easier, including the ability to grasp the status by operating the clutch lever.

[0020] According to one aspect of the present invention, a MT lean vehicle can employ the following configuration. (5) A manual transmission lean vehicle according to any one of (1) to (4), The engine includes a crankcase that houses the crankshaft, The starter-generator is provided in the crankcase so as to be lubricated with oil.

[0021] In the manual transmission lean vehicle of (5), the starter-generator is cooled by oil. This eliminates the need to attach a cooling fan or fins to the starter-generator. Furthermore, a wall separating the space where the starter-generator is located from the space where the crankshaft is located can be omitted. The starter-generator has the function of driving the crankshaft when starting the engine, so it tends to be larger than a generator dedicated to generating electricity. However, the configuration of (5) prevents the unit including the generator and engine from becoming larger. Therefore, the configuration of (5) prevents the vehicle from becoming larger compared to a vehicle that does not have a starter-generator or an idling stop function, and allows the engine to be started under the same conditions as a vehicle that does not have a starter-generator or an idling stop function.

[0022] According to one aspect of the present invention, a MT lean vehicle can employ the following configuration. (6) A manual transmission lean vehicle according to any one of (1) to (5), the control device includes a switching element that controls a current flowing through the starter-generator; The starting generator includes a stator core having a plurality of teeth arranged alternately with slots in the circumferential direction, and a stator having multi-phase windings wound around the teeth and supplied with current via the switching element, which supplies the generated current to the switching element; and a rotor arranged circumferentially with a gap between it and the stator and having magnetic pole portions that are more than two-thirds the number of slots.

[0023] In the manual transmission lean vehicle of (6), the angular velocity based on the electrical angle period at which the teeth pass through the pole pairs formed by the magnetic pole portions is higher than in a configuration having, for example, magnetic pole portions equal to or less than two-thirds the number of slots. Therefore, the impedance of the winding is higher than in a configuration having, for example, magnetic pole portions equal to or less than two-thirds the number of slots. Therefore, after the engine restarts, the generated current is suppressed by the larger impedance of the winding in the range of rotational speeds at which the starter-generator functions as a generator. Therefore, the current supplied to the switching element during power generation is suppressed. Therefore, in the manual transmission lean vehicle of (6), the heat dissipation structure in the control device can be simplified and made smaller. Therefore, with the configuration of (6), the starter-generator can be prevented from becoming larger compared to a vehicle without an idle-stop function, and the engine can be started under the same conditions as a vehicle without an idle-stop function.

[0024] According to one aspect of the present invention, a MT lean vehicle can employ the following configuration. (7) A manual transmission lean vehicle according to any one of (1) to (6), The starter-generator includes a stator having a winding and whose position is fixed relative to the engine, and a rotor having a permanent magnet provided relative to the stator via an air gap, and provided on the crankshaft so as to be interlocked with rotation of the crankshaft, The engine further includes a rotor position detection device having a detection winding different from the winding of the stator, which outputs a signal representing the detection of the rotor position to the control device when the engine is restarted based on the detection result of operation by the clutch sensor or the operation of the engine start switch.

[0025] In the manual transmission lean vehicle of (7), the rotor position detector outputs a signal indicating the detected rotor position using a detection winding. Therefore, the rotor position detector can operate at a higher temperature than, for example, a Hall element. This allows the heat insulation structure of the unit including the starter-generator and engine to be simplified and made smaller. Therefore, with the configuration of (7), the starter-generator can be prevented from becoming larger than a vehicle without an idle-stop function, while the engine can be started under the same conditions as a vehicle without an idle-stop function.

[0026] According to one aspect of the present invention, a MT lean vehicle can employ the following configuration. (8) A manual transmission lean vehicle according to any one of (1) to (7), the idling stop control unit executes the idling stop restart process to restart the engine based on the detection result of the clutch sensor in either a case where the manual transmission is in a neutral state or a case where the manual transmission is not in a neutral state during the idling stop state; The forced stop control unit executes the engine forced stop / start process to forcibly stop the operation of the engine when operation of the all-wheel ground-contact type self-sustaining mechanism is detected, and maintains the engine in a stopped state at least until the engine start switch is operated, and starts the engine based at least on the operation of the engine start switch.

[0027] In the MT lean vehicle of (8), the engine restarts based on the detection results of the clutch sensor when the manual transmission is in neutral or not in neutral during an idle stop state. This simplifies the operations required to start the MT lean vehicle from an idle stop state, and once the all-wheel ground contact type self-sustaining mechanism is activated, the vehicle can be started using the same operations as a vehicle without an idle stop function, even when the all-wheel ground contact type self-sustaining mechanism is stopped.

[0028] According to one aspect of the present invention, a MT lean vehicle can employ the following configuration. (9) Any one of (1) to (8) MT lean vehicles, the MT lean vehicle is provided with an idling stop switch that stops the engine in response to an operation by a rider, When the manual transmission is in a non-neutral state, the control device puts the engine into the idling stop state when the clutch sensor detects operation of the clutch lever and the idling stop switch is operated.

[0029] In the MT lean vehicle of (9), when the manual transmission is in a non-neutral state, the clutch sensor detects the operation of the clutch lever, and the engine is stopped when the rider operates the idling stop switch. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the engine from stopping when the clutch lever is operated to change gears, for example.

[0030] According to one aspect of the present invention, a MT lean vehicle can employ the following configuration. (10) Any one of (1) to (8) MT lean vehicles, the idling stop control unit performs the idling stop restart process, and when the MT lean vehicle is stopped and the manual transmission is in a neutral state, stops the engine by stopping operation of the clutch lever; The forced stop control unit executes the engine forced stop / start process to forcibly stop the operation of the engine when operation of the all-wheel ground-contact type self-sustaining mechanism is detected, and maintains the engine in a stopped state at least until the engine start switch is operated, and starts the engine based on at least the engine start switch being operated.

[0031] In the MT lean vehicle of (10), when the MT lean vehicle is stopped and the manual transmission is in neutral, the engine stops without operating the clutch lever. Therefore, in the MT lean vehicle of (10), the operation for the idle stop state can be simplified, and once the all-wheel ground contact type self-sustaining mechanism is activated, the vehicle can be started using the same operation as a vehicle without an idle stop function, even when the all-wheel ground contact type self-sustaining mechanism is stopped. Therefore, while having an idle stop function with simpler operation, when the all-wheel ground contact type self-sustaining mechanism is activated, the engine can be started under the same conditions as a vehicle without an idle stop function.

[0032] According to one aspect of the present invention, a MT lean vehicle can employ the following configuration. (11) Any one of (1) to (10) MT lean vehicles, a display device that displays the idling stop state and an idling stop preparation state in which an idling stop preparation condition that allows transition to the idling stop state is satisfied, the idling stop control unit, by carrying out the idling stop restart process, causes the display device to display the preparation state when the idling stop preparation condition is satisfied while the engine is in operation, and causes the display device to display the idling stop state when an idling stop condition other than the state of the all-wheel ground-contact type self-supporting mechanism is satisfied, The forced stop control unit executes the engine forced stop / start process to forcibly stop the display on the display device when operation of the all-wheel ground-contact type self-sustaining mechanism is detected.

[0033] In the manual transmission lean vehicle of (11), the idle stop state, the idle stop preparation state, and other states are notified in different ways, which makes it easy to distinguish whether the engine is in the idle stop state, the preparation state, or the stopped state due to the operation of the all-wheel ground-contact type self-supporting mechanism.

[0034] The terminology used herein is for the purpose of defining particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the invention. As used herein, the term "and / or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed components. As used herein, the use of the terms "including," "comprising," or "having," and variations thereof, identifies the presence of stated features, steps, operations, elements, components, and / or equivalents thereof, but may include one or more of the steps, operations, elements, components, and / or groups thereof. As used herein, the terms "attached," "connected," "coupled," and / or equivalents thereof are used broadly and encompass both direct and indirect attachments, connections, and couplings. Furthermore, "connected" and "coupled" are not limited to physical or mechanical connections or couplings, but can include direct or indirect electrical connections or couplings. Unless otherwise defined, all terms (including technical and scientific terms) used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. Terms, such as those defined in commonly used dictionaries, should be interpreted to have a meaning consistent with the meaning in the context of the relevant technology and this disclosure, and should not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal sense unless explicitly defined herein. It is understood that numerous techniques and processes are disclosed in the description of the present invention. Each of these has distinct advantages, and each can also be used with one or more, or in some cases all, of the other disclosed techniques. Therefore, for the sake of clarity, this description will refrain from unnecessarily repeating every possible combination of individual steps. Nevertheless, the specification and claims should be read with the understanding that all such combinations are within the scope of the present invention and claims.

[0035] This specification describes a new manual transmission lean vehicle. In the following description, for purposes of explanation, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. However, it will be apparent to one skilled in the art that the present invention may be practiced without these specific details. The present disclosure is to be considered as an example of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention to the specific embodiments illustrated in the following drawings or description.

[0036] A manual transmission lean vehicle is configured to be able to turn in a leaned position. For example, a manual transmission lean vehicle is configured to turn in a position leaned toward the inside of a curve. That is, a manual transmission lean vehicle is configured to lean in the longitudinal direction, including the direction of travel, and in the lateral direction intersecting with the vertical direction. This allows the manual transmission lean vehicle to resist the centrifugal force acting on the vehicle body during a turn. A manual transmission lean vehicle is required to be compact so that it can easily lean when turning. A manual transmission lean vehicle typically has a self-steering characteristic. For example, the steering wheel provided in a manual transmission lean vehicle has a characteristic of pointing in the direction of leaning, either left or right. As a result, the lateral movement of the vehicle body while traveling follows the movement of the center of gravity due to leaning. Therefore, a manual transmission lean vehicle can easily maintain an independent state while traveling. However, when a manual transmission lean vehicle is stopped, the vehicle cannot maintain an independent state without the operation of a self-stabilizing device. A manual transmission lean vehicle is equipped with a self-stabilizing mechanism to maintain its independence when stopped. Note that the MT lean vehicle is configured, for example, so that it cannot stand on its own using only the wheels, at least when the all-wheel-ground-contact type self-supporting mechanism is not in operation. The MT lean vehicle may also be configured, for example, so that it cannot stand on its own using only the wheels, even when the all-wheel-ground-contact type self-supporting mechanism is in operation. In this case, the all-wheel-ground-contact type self-supporting mechanism is, for example, a side stand. The MT lean vehicle may also be configured, for example, so that it can stand on its own using only the wheels, when the all-wheel-ground-contact type self-supporting mechanism is in operation. The MT lean vehicle is included in the MT straddled vehicle. A straddled vehicle is a vehicle in which the rider sits astride a saddle. Examples of MT lean vehicles include scooter-type, moped-type, off-road, and on-road motorcycles. MT lean vehicles are not limited to motorcycles, but may also be, for example, motor tricycles. Motor tricycles may have two front wheels and one rear wheel, or one front wheel and two rear wheels. The drive wheels of MT lean vehicles may be rear wheels or front wheels. Note that a so-called trike is a saddle-ride type vehicle with three wheels but does not lean. Also, an ATV (All-Terrain Vehicle) is a saddle-ride type vehicle but does not lean. Therefore, MT-type lean vehicles do not include either trikes or ATVs.

[0037] The "plurality of wheels that come into contact with the ground when moving" includes drive wheels. The "plurality of wheels that come into contact with the ground when moving" may also include non-drive wheels. For example, a motorcycle typically has two wheels that come into contact with the ground when moving. A motorized tricycle typically has three wheels that come into contact with the ground when moving. The plurality of wheels includes drive wheels that drive the lean vehicle using output from the engine. Note that all of the plurality of wheels may be drive wheels. An "MT lean vehicle that is not self-supporting due to only a plurality of wheels" cannot stand on its own while stopped, for example, without support from a self-supporting mechanism other than the wheels or support from a rider. An "MT lean vehicle that is not self-supporting due to only a plurality of wheels" is, for example, an MT lean vehicle that cannot stand on its own while stopped due to only a plurality of wheels. For example, a motorcycle typically cannot stand on its own while stopped due to only two wheels. An MT lean vehicle with three or more wheels also typically cannot stand on its own while stopped due to only three wheels. In contrast, for example, a trike with three wheels can stand on its own while stopped using only the three wheels, without support from a self-supporting mechanism other than the wheels or from a rider. "MT-type lean vehicle configured not to stand on its own using only multiple wheels" does not include, for example, a trike. The self-supporting mechanisms include an all-wheel ground-contact type self-supporting mechanism and a non-all-wheel ground-contact type self-supporting mechanism. Both the all-wheel ground-contact type self-supporting mechanism and the non-all-wheel ground-contact type self-supporting mechanism can be switched between an operating state in which the vehicle body is made self-supporting, and a non-operating state in which the vehicle body is not made self-supporting. The non-operating state is a state in which operation is stopped. Both the all-wheel ground-contact type self-supporting mechanism and the non-all-wheel ground-contact type self-supporting mechanism can be switched between an operating state and a non-operating state depending on the operation. The non-all-wheel-ground-contact type self-supporting mechanism is configured to support the vehicle body when at least one of the wheels of the MT lean vehicle is not in contact with the ground. An example of the non-all-wheel-ground-contact type self-supporting mechanism is a main stand. The all-wheel-ground-contact type self-supporting mechanism is configured to allow the vehicle body to stand on its own with all wheels on the ground. An example of an all-wheel-ground-contact type self-supporting mechanism is a side stand. A main stand is not included in the all-wheel-ground-contact type self-supporting mechanism. When the side stand is operating as an all-wheel-ground-contact type self-supporting mechanism, the vehicle body is supported by all wheels and the all-wheel-ground-contact type self-supporting mechanism itself and stands on its own. The all-wheel ground-contact type self-supporting mechanism is not limited to a side stand. For example, the all-wheel ground-contact type self-supporting mechanism may be a lean prevention mechanism that is provided on a tricycle and operates in response to an operation. When the lean prevention mechanism operates, the vehicle body is supported on the ground only by all of the wheels and stands on its own. All wheels are in contact with the ground in both the operating and non-operating states of the all-wheel ground-contact type stand-alone mechanism. Therefore, switching between the operating and non-operating states of the all-wheel ground-contact type stand-alone mechanism is possible with all wheels in contact with the ground. Therefore, operating the all-wheel ground-contact type stand-alone mechanism is easier than operating a non-all-wheel ground-contact type stand-alone mechanism. It should be noted that the MT lean vehicle may be provided with both an all-wheel ground contact type self-supporting mechanism and a non-all-wheel ground contact type self-supporting mechanism, or may be provided with only an all-wheel ground contact type self-supporting mechanism.

[0038] The detection device is configured to detect whether the all-wheel ground contact type self-supporting mechanism is operating. When the all-wheel ground contact type self-supporting mechanism is a side stand, the detection device may be, for example, a side stand position sensor or a tilt lock sensor that detects whether the side stand is deployed or retracted. The deployed state is a state in which the side stand is operational. The retracted state is a non-operational state in which the operation of the side stand is stopped. The side stand becomes operational when, for example, the rider operates the foot to deploy it from the retracted position.

[0039] The engine is an internal combustion engine that outputs power generated by, for example, combustion of a mixture of fuel and air as torque and rotational speed of a crankshaft. The engine is, for example, a four-stroke engine. The engine has, for example, a high load region and a low load region between the four strokes. However, the engine may be, for example, a four-stroke engine that does not have a high load region and a low load region between the four strokes. Furthermore, the engine may be of a type other than a four-stroke type.

[0040] The clutch switches between connection and disconnection of the transmission of output from the crankshaft to the drive wheels. That is, the clutch switches between a connected state and a disconnected state of the output from the engine crankshaft. The clutch switches between the connected state and the disconnected state in response to the rider's operation. More specifically, the rider directly operates the clutch lever. The clutch switches between the connected state and the disconnected state in response to, for example, the rider's operation of the clutch lever. Operating the clutch lever is an operation to switch the clutch from an engaged state to a disengaged state. More specifically, when the clutch lever is operated, the clutch operates and becomes disengaged. When the operation of the clutch lever is stopped, the clutch becomes engaged. The clutch lever is provided on the handlebar of a manual lean vehicle and is operated by the rider's hand. Operating the clutch lever is, for example, an operation in which the rider pulls the clutch lever toward the rear of a manual lean vehicle. Stopping the operation of the clutch lever is, for example, an operation in which the rider reduces or stops pulling the clutch lever, causing the clutch lever to return forward. The clutch sensor detects, for example, whether or not a clutch lever has been operated. The clutch sensor detects the operation of the clutch lever by directly detecting the position of the clutch lever. The clutch sensor is not particularly limited and may be provided in the clutch, for example. The clutch sensor may detect the position of a clutch component that moves in response to the operation of the clutch lever.

[0041] The idling stop control unit executes an idling stop restart process. The idling stop restart process is a process for idling stop and restart. The idling stop control unit puts the engine into an idling stop state based on the establishment of an idling stop condition other than the state of the all-wheel ground contact type self-sustaining mechanism. The idling stop control unit puts the engine into an idling stop state based on the establishment of a predetermined idling stop condition other than the state of the all-wheel ground contact type self-sustaining mechanism, for example. The engine idling stop is the stopping of combustion in the engine when an idling stop condition is met. The idling stop condition is, for example, any one or a combination of the following conditions (A) to (E): (A) The throttle is fully closed or virtually fully closed. (B) The manual transmission lean vehicle is stopped. (C) The clutch lever stops operating while the manual transmission is in neutral. (D) The idle stop switch was operated. (E) The manual transmission was not in neutral and the clutch lever was operated. The conditions for idling stop may include conditions other than the above conditions (A) to (E). Also, some of the conditions (A) to (E) may be conditions for a preparation state in which idling stop is possible, and the other parts may be divided into operations for stopping the engine.

[0042] The restart of the engine refers to the start of the engine in an idling stop state when a predetermined restart condition is met. The restart condition is, for example, the operation of the clutch lever. The restart condition may include a condition other than the operation of the clutch lever. The restart condition is, for example, the condition that no acceleration request is output from the accelerator grip and the clutch lever is manipulated.

[0043] The processes operate in response to input data. Each of the engine forced stop / start process and the idling stop restart process has a data input function and a control data output function. Each process also has a processing flow or data. By having a flow, for example, after initialization of the control device, a delay occurs in operating clock units from the input of the first valid data to the output of data reflecting the input data. The engine forced stop / start process is executed independently of the idling stop / restart process. For example, the flow of the engine forced stop / start process itself is executed without being affected by the results of the idling stop / restart process. For example, if the processing flow in the engine forced stop / start process in the forced stop control unit changes depending on the output content of the idling stop restart process in the idling stop control unit, it can be said that the engine forced stop / start process is not carried out independently from the idling stop restart process. For example, if an engine forced stop / start process and an idling stop restart process that are independent of each other are implemented as programs, the program of a certain engine forced stop / start process does not transition into the program of the idling stop restart process using only jump instructions, branch instructions, or subroutine instructions within that program.

[0044] The engine forced stop / start process and the idling stop restart process are implemented, for example, by hardware that is independent of each other. That is, the idling stop control unit and the forced stop control unit are configured by hardware that is independent of each other. For example, the idling stop restart process is implemented by a computer that serves as the idling stop control unit and has a processor and a program. For example, the forced stop control unit is realized by a wired logic different from that of the idling stop control unit. The hardware of the forced stop control unit and the idling stop control unit may be configured by electrical circuits provided in different areas of a common circuit board. In this case, the hardware of the forced stop control unit and the hardware of the idling stop control unit are connected to each other and integrated. In this case, the hardware of the forced stop control unit and the hardware of the idling stop control unit share some hardware, such as a power supply circuit. The hardware configuration of the control device is not particularly limited, and for example, the forced stop control unit may be realized as a relay circuit configured with an electromagnetic relay and a diode. Also, for example, the hardware of the forced stop control unit and the hardware of the idling stop control unit may be separated from each other. Furthermore, the engine forced stop / start process and the idling stop restart process may be, for example, independent software processes (tasks) executed by a common processor. Independence of processes does not necessarily mean that the hardware is independent. For example, a single processor executes an operating system program capable of controlling multiple processes. In this case, the operating system program may sequentially operate the two child processes in a time-sharing or task-sharing manner. That is, the idling stop control unit and the forced stop control unit are configured by common hardware that executes different programs. In this case, too, the engine forced stop / start process is independent from the idling stop restart process. That is, the processing flow of the engine forced stop / start process is not affected by the results of processing in the idling stop restart process. For example, the engine forced stop / start process program will not be executed without the intervention of the operating system program, such as a task switch, during execution of the idling stop restart process program. Conversely, the idling stop restart process program will not be executed without the intervention of the operating system program during execution of the engine forced stop / start process program.

[0045] An example of operating the engine start switch is when the rider displaces the engine start switch. The engine start switch is, for example, a switch that is different from the operation object for starting a manual transmission lean vehicle. The engine start switch is, for example, a switch that has a function solely for starting the engine. For example, even if the clutch lever operated to start a manual transmission lean vehicle has a function for restarting the engine, this clutch lever is not an engine start switch. The clutch lever originally has a function for starting a manual transmission lean vehicle. In an idle stop system, the operating means for starting a manual transmission lean vehicle also has a function for starting the engine, so that the starting operation can be performed regardless of the state of the engine. In contrast, the engine start switch is an operation that is different from the operation for starting a manual transmission lean vehicle. An example of operating the idling stop switch is when the rider displaces the idling stop switch. The idling stop switch is a switch that stops the engine operating in the idling stop preparation state.

[0046] Forcibly stopping the engine operation means stopping the engine operation if the engine is running, and maintaining the engine stopped state if the engine is in an idling stop state. In other words, forcibly stopping the engine operation means stopping the engine regardless of the engine state. The engine stopped state is the state in which the engine is stopped after being forcibly stopped.

[0047] Maintaining the stopped state of the engine until the engine start switch is operated means that the stopped state of the engine will not be released until the engine start switch is operated. The stopped state of the engine will not be released unless the engine start switch is operated. In other words, operation of the engine start switch may be one of the necessary conditions for releasing the stopped state of the engine. For example, even if the operation of the all-wheel stand-alone mechanism is stopped and the clutch lever is operated, the stopped state of the engine will not be released. Maintaining the stopped state of the engine until the engine start switch is operated includes, for example, releasing the stopped state of the engine by a combination of the operation of the engine start switch and a condition other than the operation of the engine start switch. In other words, operation of the engine start switch may be one of the necessary conditions for releasing the stopped state of the engine. In other words, maintaining the stopped state of the engine until the engine start switch is operated means, more specifically, maintaining the stopped state of the engine as one of the necessary conditions for releasing the operation of the engine start switch. In short, maintaining the stopped state of the engine until the engine start switch is operated means maintaining the stopped state of the engine at least until the engine start switch is operated. Furthermore, starting the engine based on the operation of the engine start switch means that the engine will not start until the engine start switch is operated. The engine will not start unless the engine start switch is operated. In other words, the operation of the engine start switch may be one of the necessary conditions for starting the engine. In other words, starting the engine based on the operation of the engine start switch means starting the engine with the operation of the engine start switch as one of the necessary conditions. In short, starting the engine based on the operation of the engine start switch means starting the engine based at least on the operation of the engine start switch. As a condition for releasing the stopped state of the engine operation and a condition for starting the engine, the operation of the engine start switch may be, for example, (a) a time overlap between the operation of the all-wheel ground contact type self-sustaining mechanism and the operation of the engine start switch. The operation of the engine start switch may also include, for example, (b) a time overlap between the operation of the all-wheel ground contact type self-sustaining mechanism, the operation of the clutch lever, and the operation of the engine start switch. The operation of the engine start switch may also include, for example, (c) a time overlap between the manual transmission being in neutral and the operation of the engine start switch. The operation of the engine start switch is also the establishment of one or more of the above (a) to (c).

[0048] The "state in which the transmission of output from the engine to the drive wheels is cut off" refers to, for example, when the manual transmission is in neutral or when the clutch is in a power cut-off state.

[0049] An MT lean vehicle is equipped with, for example, a manual transmission that converts the speed of output from the engine and transmits it to the drive wheels. The manual transmission is a multi-stage gearbox. The manual transmission changes the gear ratio between the engine and the drive wheels in multiple stages, including a neutral state. The manual transmission is configured to change the gear ratio in multiple stages in response to operation of a shift pedal. The manual transmission is, for example, a manual multi-stage gearbox.

[0050] A rider of a manual transmission lean vehicle can grasp the state of the idling stop state by operating the clutch lever itself, without checking the state of a display device that indicates the state of the idling stop state, for example. However, the rider may also check the state of the display device. In this case, the manual transmission lean vehicle is equipped with, for example, a lamp as the display device. The display device is not particularly limited, and may be, for example, a device equipped with a displacing indicator or a device that emits a sound.

[0051] The rotor has magnetic pole portions that are more than two-thirds the number of slots. For example, the rotor has magnetic pole portions that are more than the number of slots. In this case, a larger inductance can be obtained. For example, the rotor has magnetic pole portions that are four-thirds the number of slots or more. In this case, an even larger inductance can be obtained while suppressing the complexity of control. However, the rotor is not particularly limited, and may have magnetic pole portions that are two-thirds or fewer the number of slots. [Effects of the Invention]

[0052] According to the present invention, while having an idling stop function in a lean manual transmission vehicle, the engine can be started under the same conditions as in a vehicle without an idling stop function with respect to the operation of the all-wheel ground contact type self-supporting mechanism. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0053] [Figure 1] 1 is a diagram showing the configuration of a MT lean vehicle according to a first embodiment. FIG. [Figure 2] 2 is a state transition diagram showing state transitions and a hierarchical structure relating to stopping and starting the engine of the MT lean vehicle shown in FIG. 1. FIG. [Figure 3] FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a display device in a first application example of the MT lean vehicle of the first embodiment. [Figure 4] 10A and 10B are diagrams showing an all-wheel ground-contact type self-supporting mechanism in a second application example of the MT lean vehicle of the first embodiment. [Figure 5]10 is a diagram showing a schematic structure of an engine 10 and its peripheral devices in a third application example of the MT lean vehicle 1 of the first embodiment. FIG. [Figure 6] 10 is a chart showing the configuration and process of a control device for a lean manual transmission vehicle according to a second embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0054] Hereinafter, embodiments will be described with reference to the drawings.

[0055] [First embodiment] FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the configuration of a MT lean vehicle 1 according to a first embodiment. Part (a) of FIG. 1 is a side view that schematically shows the MT lean vehicle 1. Part (b) of FIG. 1 is an enlarged view that shows a portion of the MT lean vehicle 1. Part (c) of FIG. 1 is a chart that shows the process of a control device 60 of the MT lean vehicle 1.

[0056] The MT lean vehicle 1 shown in FIG. 1 is configured to turn while leaning toward the inside of a curve. The MT lean vehicle 1 is, for example, a motorcycle. The MT lean vehicle 1 includes a plurality of wheels 14, 15, a clutch 25, a clutch lever 122, a clutch sensor 123, an all-wheel ground-contact type self-supporting mechanism 101, a detection device 102, an engine 10, a manual transmission 27, and , beginning The vehicle includes a motor generator 20, an engine start switch 121, and a control device 60. The clutch 25, a clutch lever 122, a clutch sensor 123, the all-wheel grounding type self-supporting mechanism 101, the detection device 102, the engine 10, the manual transmission 27, the clutch 25, the clutch lever 122, the clutch sensor 123, the starter generator 20, the engine start switch 121, and the control device 60 are provided on the vehicle body 1A. The MT lean vehicle 1 also includes an accelerator grip 124 and an idling stop switch 125. The engine start switch 121 and the accelerator grip 124 are provided on the handlebar 12. The MT lean vehicle 1 has two wheels 14, 15. The wheel 14 is a front wheel. The wheel 15 is a rear wheel. The wheel 15 functions as a drive wheel that drives the MT lean vehicle 1 using the output from the engine 10. In other words, the wheels 14, 15 include drive wheels. Hereinafter, the wheel 15 will also be referred to as drive wheels 15. Both of the multiple wheels 14, 15 contact the ground when the vehicle is moving. The MT lean vehicle 1 is configured so that it cannot stand on its own using only the multiple wheels 14, 15 when stopped.

[0057] The engine 10 outputs power generated by combustion. The engine 10 has a crankshaft 11. The engine 10 outputs the power as the rotational force of the crankshaft 11. The manual transmission 27 changes the gear ratio between the engine 10 and the drive wheels 15 in multiple stages, including a neutral state, in response to the rider's operation. The clutch 25 switches between an engaged state in which the rotational force of the crankshaft 11 is transmitted to the drive wheels 15 and a disengaged state in which the rotational force is interrupted, depending on the operation. The clutch 25 operates in response to the operation of a clutch lever 122. The clutch lever 122 is directly operated by a rider riding the MT lean vehicle 1. More specifically, when the clutch lever 122 is operated, the clutch 25 operates and enters a disengaged state. The operation of the clutch lever 122 is an operation in which the rider pulls the clutch lever 122 toward the rear of the MT lean vehicle 1. The operation of the clutch lever 122 is stopped, for example, when the rider reduces or stops pulling the clutch lever 122, causing the clutch lever 122 to return to the forward position. When the operation of the clutch lever 122 is stopped, the clutch 25 enters an engaged state. The clutch sensor 123 detects the operation of the clutch lever 122. The engine start switch 121 is a switch for starting the engine 10 in response to an operation by the rider. The idling stop switch 125 is a switch for putting the engine 10 into an idling stop state in response to an operation by the rider. When the idling stop switch 125 is operated when the idling stop preparation conditions are met, the engine 10 stops. The accelerator grip 124 is operated by the rider. In response to the operation of the accelerator grip 124, the accelerator grip 124 outputs an acceleration request for the MT lean vehicle 1. When the accelerator grip 124 outputs an acceleration request in response to the operation, the output power of the engine 10 increases.

[0058] When in operation, the all-wheel ground-contact type self-supporting mechanism 101 allows the body 1A of the MT lean vehicle 1 to stand on its own when the vehicle is stopped. At this time, all of the multiple wheels 14, 15 that were on the ground while the vehicle was moving are on the ground. When not in operation, the all-wheel ground-contact type self-supporting mechanism 101 does not allow the body 1A to stand on its own. The all-wheel ground-contact type self-standing mechanism 101 is, for example, a side stand. The deployed state of the side stand corresponds to the operating state of the all-wheel ground-contact type self-standing mechanism 101. The retracted state of the side stand corresponds to the operating state of the all-wheel ground-contact type self-standing mechanism 101 being stopped, i.e., the inoperative state. The detection device 102 detects whether the all-wheel ground-contact type self-standing mechanism 101 is operating. The detection device 102 detects the deployed state of a side stand serving as the all-wheel ground-contact type self-standing mechanism 101, for example.

[0059] The starter-generator 20 drives the crankshaft 11 when the engine 10 is started. The starter-generator 20 is also driven by the crankshaft 11 to generate electricity when the engine 10 is in combustion operation. The starter-generator 20 is connected to the crankshaft 11, for example, without a clutch mechanism. The starter-generator 20 rotates, for example, at a speed that is a fixed ratio to the speed of the crankshaft 11. The starter-generator 20 is, for example, directly connected to the crankshaft 11. However, the starter-generator 20 may also be configured to be connected to the crankshaft 11 via power transmission members such as a gear and a chain.

[0060] The MT lean vehicle 1 is equipped with a display device 51. The display device 51 indicates three states related to idling stop. The first state is an idling stop state of the engine 10. The second state is a state in which the idling stop preparation condition is met while the engine 10 is operating (idling stop preparation state). The third state indicates another state, that is, a state in which the idling stop preparation condition is not met and the vehicle is not in an idling stop state.

[0061] The control device 60 controls the operation of the engine 10. The control device 60 controls the output from the crankshaft 11 of the engine 10 by controlling the combustion operation of the engine 10. The control device 60 also includes a switching element 65. The switching element 65 controls the current flowing through the starter-generator 20 by performing an on-off operation. More specifically, the switching element 65 controls the current flowing through the winding 224 (see FIG. 5 ) of the starter-generator 20. The control device 60 rotates the crankshaft 11 by causing the switching element 65 to supply current to the starter-generator 20. In this way, the control device 60 controls the starting and stopping of the engine 10. The control device 60 includes an idling stop control unit 61 (IS control unit 61) and a forced stop control unit 62. The idling stop control unit 61 executes an idling stop restart process 61a. The idling stop restart process 61a is a process for stopping the idling and restarting the engine 10. The idling stop restart process 61a changes the state of the engine 10 to an idling stop state based on the establishment of an idling stop condition other than the state of the all-wheel ground-contact type self-standing mechanism 101. The idling stop state is a state in which the operation of the engine 10 is stopped. The idling stop state is a state in which the engine 10 can be started by an operation other than the operation of the engine start switch 121. Furthermore, the idling stop restart process 61a restarts the engine 10 based on the result of operation detection by the clutch sensor 123 in the idling stop state. The idling stop control unit 61 is configured by a computer having a processor and a program (not shown). The idling stop restart process 61a is a process that is carried out by executing the program.

[0062] The forced stop control unit 62 executes a forced engine stop / start process 62a. The forced engine stop / start process 62a stops and starts the engine 10 under conditions different from those for idling stop and restart. The forced engine stop / start process 62a is a process independent of the idling stop restart process 61a. The forced stop control unit 62 in Fig. 1 is configured with wired logic. The forced stop control unit 62 does not include a processor or a program. The engine forced stop / start process 62a is a process in which input data is processed and output by each logic gate of the wired logic. The engine forced stop / start process 62a forcibly stops the operation of the engine 10 by outputting data of a forced stop state. For example, the data of the forced stop state stops fuel injection or ignition of the engine 10. The engine forced stop / start process 62a forcibly stops the operation of the engine 10 when operation of the all-wheel ground-mounted self-standing mechanism 101 is detected. The engine forced stop / start process 62a starts the engine 10 at least based on the operation of the engine start switch 121. The engine forced stop / start process 62a maintains the stopped state of the engine 10 at least until the engine start switch 121 is operated. In other words, the engine forced stop / start process 62a starts the engine 10 based on the operation of the engine start switch 121. The engine forced stop / start process 62a maintains the stopped state of the engine 10 until the engine start switch 121 is operated.

[0063] Fig. 2 is a state transition diagram showing the state transitions and hierarchical structure related to stopping and starting the engine 10 of the MT lean vehicle 1 shown in Fig. 1. In Fig. 2, ellipses indicate each state, arrows indicate state transitions, and rectangles indicate operations associated with the transitions. In addition, the conditions for the transitions are shown next to the arrows.

[0064] The MT lean vehicle 1 has various states related to the operation of the engine 10 and braking (not shown). The various states can be divided into groups M1 to M4. A group is made up of states that transition between each other depending on the conditions. The group M1 of basic control states of the engine 10 relates to basic stopping and starting states of the engine 10. The group M1 of basic control states of the engine 10 includes an engine operation allowing state m11 and an engine inoperable state m12. When the all-wheel ground-mounted self-supporting mechanism 101 operates, the operation of the engine 10 is forcibly stopped. The state transitions to the engine inoperable state m12. In the engine inoperable state m12, the engine 10 starts, provided that at least the engine start switch 121 is operated. Conditions other than the operation of the engine start switch 121 may also be added to the starting of the engine 10. Then, the state transitions to the engine operation allowing state m11. In the engine operation allowing state m11, the engine 10 operates in combustion mode. In the engine inoperable state m12, simply stopping the operation of the all-wheel grounding type self-sustaining mechanism 101 does not cause the state to transition to the engine operation permitted state m11. In other words, once the all-wheel grounding type self-sustaining mechanism 101 is operating, the state does not transition to the engine operation permitted state m11 until at least the engine start switch 121 is operated. For example, once the all-wheel grounding type self-sustaining mechanism 101 is operating, the state does not transition to the engine operation permitted state m11 even if the clutch lever 122 is operated. The engine operation permitted state m11 also includes a state in which the engine 10 is not operating. In other words, the engine 10 may stop in the engine operation permitted state m11 in which the all-wheel ground contact type self-supporting mechanism 101 is not operating. For example, the engine 10 may stop due to an engine stall caused by the timing of operation of the clutch lever 122 or due to operation of an engine kill switch (not shown).

[0065] The group M3 of idling stop control states includes an engine operating state m31 and an idling stop state m32. When an idling stop condition is met in the engine operating state m31, the engine 10 stops. The state changes to the idling stop state m32. The group M1 of basic control states of the engine 10 and the group M3 of idling stop control states are independent of each other. For example, the state of the group M1 of basic control states of the engine 10 is determined by the states of the all-wheel-on-road type self-sustaining mechanism 101 and the engine start switch 121, and is not dependent on the state of the group M3 of idling stop control states. However, both the group M1 and the group M3 control the engine 10. If the control output based on the state of the group M1 differs from the control output based on the state of the group M3, the control output based on the group M1 of basic control states of the engine 10 takes precedence. For example, regardless of whether the state in the group M3 of idling stop control states is the engine operating state m31 or the idling stop state m32, when the all-wheel-on-road type self-sustaining mechanism 101 is activated, the operation of the engine 10 is forcibly stopped. The state in which the operation of the engine 10 is forcibly stopped is the engine inoperable state m12. The engine 10 does not start until at least the engine start switch 121 is operated. The engine 10 starts at least when the engine start switch 121 is operated.

[0066] With reference to part (c) of FIG. 1, an idling stop restart process 61a performed by the idling stop control unit 61 (IS control unit 61) and an engine forced stop / start process 62a performed by the forced stop control unit 62 will be described.

[0067] The idling stop control unit 61 executes idling stop control and restart control. In the idling stop control, the idling stop control unit 61 determines whether the idling stop state (IS state) is established or whether an idling stop preparation condition (IS preparation condition) is established (S11, S12). The idling stop preparation condition is, for example, that the temperature of the engine 10 or the temperature of the coolant is equal to or higher than a reference value, or that the vehicle has traveled at a reference speed or higher since the previous engine start. The state of the all-wheel ground-contact type self-supporting mechanism 101 is not included in the idling stop preparation condition. If the control state is not the idling stop state (No in S11) and the idling stop preparation condition is met (Yes in S12), the idling stop control unit 61 sets the control state to the idling stop preparation state (IS preparation state) (S13). In addition, the idling stop control unit 61 causes the display device 51 to display the state in which the idling stop preparation condition is met.

[0068] If the control state is the idling stop preparation state and an idling stop operation is being performed (Yes in S14), the idling stop control unit 61 stops the engine 10 (EG10) (S15). The idling stop operation is a request to perform idling stop by the rider's operation. The idling stop operation is, for example, any one or a combination of (A) to (E). (A) The accelerator grip 124 does not output an acceleration request. (B) MT lean vehicle 1 is stopped. (C) The manual transmission 30 (see FIG. 5) is in neutral and the operation of the clutch lever 122 is stopped. (D) The idle stop switch 125 was operated. (E) The manual transmission 30 is not in neutral and the clutch lever 122 is operated. The state of the all-wheel ground-contact type self-supporting mechanism 101 is not included in the idling stop operation. For example, the idling stop operation is a combination of conditions (A), (B), and (C). In this combination, the engine 10 does not stop when the clutch lever 122 is operated to change the gear position. Furthermore, a combination of conditions (A), (B), (D), and (E) can also be used as an idle stop operation. In this case, the idle stop preparation condition is that the manual transmission 30 is not in neutral. This combination simplifies the operation of the manual transmission 30. Furthermore, the idling stop preparation condition may be the fulfillment of either a combination of conditions (A), (B), and (C) or a combination of conditions (A), (B), and (D).

[0069] The idling stop control unit 61 changes the control state to the idling stop state when stopping the engine 10. The idling stop control unit 61 causes the display device 51 to display the idling stop state.

[0070] In the restart control, the idling stop control unit 61 determines whether the idling stop state (IS state) is established, whether the restart preparation condition is satisfied, and whether the clutch 25 is operated (S21, S22, S23). The restart preparation condition is, for example, whether the accelerator grip 124 outputs an acceleration request. This can suppress a sudden increase in rotation speed after the engine 10 is restarted. That is, when the restart preparation condition is satisfied in the idling stop state and the clutch 25 is operated (Yes in S21, Yes in S22, Yes in S23), the idling stop control unit 61 outputs an engine restart request (S24). The idling stop control unit 61 ends the idling stop state (S25). That is, the idling stop control unit 61 sets the control state to active. The idling stop control unit 61 also stops displaying the idling stop state on the display device 51. The idling stop control unit 61 causes the display device 51 to display a state in which the idling stop permission condition is not met and the vehicle is not in an idling stop state. The idling stop control unit 61 restarts the manual transmission 30 (see FIG. 5) based on the operation of the clutch 25, regardless of whether the manual transmission 30 is in a neutral state or not. This simplifies the operations from the idling stop state to starting.

[0071] The forced stop control unit 62 is configured with a wired logic circuit. The forced stop control unit 62 has a stop holding state device 625 that holds and outputs data on the forced stop state. When the data on the forced stop state is output, the combustion operation of the engine 10 stops. The stop holding state device 625 is configured with, for example, a flip-flop. The stop-holding status device 625 outputs forced stop status data when the engine is not stopped and the all-wheel ground-contact type self-sustaining mechanism 101 is operating. The stop-holding status device 625 retains the forced stop status data at least until the operation of the all-wheel ground-contact type self-sustaining mechanism 101 has stopped and the clutch lever 122 is operated. While the forced stop status data is retained, the forced stop control unit 62 causes the display device 51 to display a state in which the idling stop preparation conditions are not met and the vehicle is not in the idling stop status. In order for the stop-holding state device 625, which is outputting the forced stop state data, to stop outputting the forced stop state data and start the engine 10, at least the engine start switch 121 must be operated. More specifically, the forced stop control unit 62 continues outputting data on the forced stop state until the engine start switch 121 is operated with the transmission of output from the engine 10 to the drive wheels 15 cut off. This maintains the stopped state of the engine 10. When the engine start switch 121 is operated with the transmission of output from the engine 10 to the drive wheels 15 cut off, the forced stop control unit 62 stops outputting data on the forced stop state. At this time, the forced stop control unit 62 also outputs data on engine start (EG start). More specifically, for the stop-holding state device 625 to stop outputting forced-stop state data and start the engine 10, for example, one of the following conditions (a) and (b) must be met. Condition (a) is that the operation of the all-wheel-ground-contact type self-standing mechanism 101 is stopped, the clutch lever 122 is operated, and the engine start switch 121 is operated. Condition (b) is that the manual transmission 30 is in neutral, and the engine start switch 121 is operated. For example, the forced stop control unit 62, which outputs data on the forced stop state, outputs data on starting the engine 10 when the operation of the all-wheel ground-contact type self-standing mechanism 101 has stopped, the clutch lever 122 is operated, and the engine start switch 121 is operated.

[0072] If the stop holding state device 625 has stopped outputting data of the forced stop state, when a request to restart the engine 10 is made, the engine 10 will start. The engine 10 will restart. Conversely, if the stop holding state device 625 is outputting data of the forced stop state, the engine 10 will not start even if a request to restart the engine 10 is made. This gives priority to the control of stopping the engine 10 by the forced stop control unit 62.

[0073] As described above, the forced stop control unit 62 executes the engine forced stop / start process 62a. In the engine forced stop / start process 62a, the forced stop control unit 62 stops the engine 10 under conditions different from those in the case of an idling stop, and starts the engine 10 under conditions different from those in the case of a restart. In this way, the forced stop control unit 62 executes the engine forced stop / start process 62a independent of the idling stop restart process 61a.

[0074] The engine forced stop / start process 62a is a process independent of the idling stop restart process 61a. Therefore, the engine 10 enters the idling stop state based on the establishment of a condition other than the state of the all-wheel ground contact type self-sustaining mechanism 101. In contrast, the engine forced stop / start process 62a can forcibly stop the operation of the engine 10 based on the operation of the all-wheel ground contact type self-sustaining mechanism 101. Furthermore, the stopped state of the operation of the engine 10 can be maintained at least until the engine start switch 121 is operated. Therefore, once the all-wheel ground contact type self-sustaining mechanism 101 is operated, the engine 10 cannot be started by operating the clutch lever 122. More specifically, once the all-wheel ground contact type self-sustaining mechanism 101 is operated, the engine 10 cannot be started by operating the clutch lever 122 even if the operation of the all-wheel ground contact type self-sustaining mechanism 101 is stopped. After the all-wheel ground contact type self-sustaining mechanism 101 is operated, the engine 10 will not start at least until the engine start switch 121 is operated. That is, after the all-wheel ground-mounted self-standing mechanism 101 is activated, the engine 10 is started based on at least the operation of the engine start switch 121.

[0075] Once the all-wheel ground contact type self-sustaining mechanism 101 is activated, the engine 10 of the MT lean vehicle 1 can be started by the same operation as a vehicle without an idling stop function, even when the all-wheel ground contact type self-sustaining mechanism 101 is not operating. Therefore, while the idling stop function is present, the engine 10 can be started under the same conditions as a vehicle without an idling stop function.

[0076] Furthermore, by starting the engine 10 in a state where the transmission of output from the engine 10 to the drive wheels 15 in the MT lean vehicle 1 is cut off, resistance from the drive wheels 15 is suppressed when starting the engine 10. Therefore, the engine 10 can be started in a short time.

[0077] 3 is a diagram showing a display device 51 in a first application example of the MT lean vehicle 1 of the first embodiment. In explaining this application example, parts that differ from the MT lean vehicle 1 of the first embodiment will be explained. Common parts are given the same reference numerals in the drawings, or illustration and explanation are omitted.

[0078] The display device 51 shown in Fig. 3 indicates an idling stop state, a state in which an idling stop preparation condition is met while the engine 10 is operating, and other states. The display device 51 is an indicator lamp. The display device 51 is an indicator lamp provided on the speedometer 50. The display device 51 displays a specific mark by, for example, lighting up. However, the display device 51 may also be configured to light up a simple light instead of a specific mark. The display device 51 indicates, for example, by lighting up, that the idling stop preparation conditions are met while the engine 10 is running. The display device 51 indicates the idling stop state, for example, by flashing. The display device 51 indicates, for example, by turning off, other states in which the idling stop preparation conditions are not met and the vehicle is not in the idling stop state. According to an example of control by the control device 60 shown in the first embodiment, when the idling stop preparation condition is met while the engine 10 is operating and preparation for idling stop is made, the display device 51 lights up. When the engine 10 enters the idling stop state in response to the rider's operation, the display device 51 flashes. When the restart condition is met and the engine 10 restarts, the display device 51 turns off. When operation of the all-wheel grounding type self-sustaining mechanism 101 is detected, the display device 51 is turned off. In other words, when operation of the all-wheel grounding type self-sustaining mechanism 101 is detected, the engine 10 does not operate and the display device 51 is turned off. Once operation of the all-wheel grounding type self-sustaining mechanism 101 is detected, the display device 51 does not light up at least until the engine 10 is started by operating the engine start switch 121 and thereafter the idling stop preparation conditions are met.

[0079] FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an all-wheel ground-contact type self-standing mechanism 101 in a second application example of the MT lean vehicle 1 of the first embodiment. Part (a) of FIG. 4 shows a state in which the side stand serving as the all-wheel ground-contact type self-standing mechanism 101 is stored. Part (b) of FIG. 4 shows a state in which the side stand is deployed. In explaining this application example, parts that differ from the MT lean vehicle 1 of the first embodiment will be explained. Common parts are given the same reference numerals in the drawings, or illustration and explanation will be omitted.

[0080] The all-wheel-ground-contact type self-supporting mechanism 101 is a side stand. The side stand as the all-wheel-ground-contact type self-supporting mechanism 101 is provided on the body 1A of the manual lean vehicle 1. The side stand as the all-wheel-ground-contact type self-supporting mechanism 101 is deployed or retracted by the rider's operating force. The side stand as the all-wheel-ground-contact type self-supporting mechanism 101 operates by being deployed as shown in part (b) of Figure 4. In other words, by supporting the manual lean vehicle 1 on the ground, the manual lean vehicle 1 can stand on its own with the wheels 14, 15 in contact with the ground. The side stand serving as the all-wheel ground-contact type self-standing mechanism 101 ceases operation when it is retracted as shown in part (a) of FIG. 4. In other words, the all-wheel ground-contact type self-standing mechanism 101 enters a non-operational state. The all-wheel ground-contact type self-standing mechanism 101 has a detection device 102. The detection device 102 detects the state of the all-wheel ground-contact type self-standing mechanism 101 and transmits data of the detection result to the control device 60. The detection device 102 transmits, for example, operation data to the control device 60 indicating that the all-wheel ground-contact type self-standing mechanism 101 is in an operating state. When the side stand serving as the all-wheel ground-contact type self-standing mechanism 101 is deployed, the engine 10 of the MT lean vehicle 1 can be started by the same operation as that of a vehicle without an idling stop function, even when the side stand is stored. That is, when the side stand serving as the all-wheel ground-contact type self-standing mechanism 101 is stored and the engine start switch 121 is operated, the engine 10 starts.

[0081] FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the schematic structure of the engine 10 and its peripheral devices in a third application example of the MT lean vehicle 1 of the first embodiment. Part (a) of FIG. 5 is a side view of the engine 10, starter-generator 20, and manual transmission 30. Part (b) of FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along line XX' in FIG. 5(a). Part (c) of FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the starter-generator 20. In explaining this application example, parts that differ from the MT lean vehicle 1 of the first embodiment will be explained. Common parts are given the same reference numerals in the drawings, or illustration and explanation will be omitted.

[0082] The engine 10 of the MT lean vehicle 1 of this embodiment includes a crankcase 17 that houses the crankshaft 11. The starter-generator 20 is provided inside the crankcase 17. In other words, the space in which the starter-generator 20 is provided and the space in which the crankshaft 11 is provided are connected. The two spaces are not partitioned. The starter-generator 20 and the crankshaft 11 are lubricated with oil 18. The starter-generator 20 is cooled by oil 18. For this reason, no cooling fan or fins are provided for the starter-generator 20. Furthermore, a wall between the arrangement space of the starter-generator 20 and the arrangement space of the crankshaft 11 is also omitted. The starter-generator 20 has the function of driving the crankshaft 11 when starting the engine 10. For this reason, the starter-generator 20 tends to be larger than, for example, a generator dedicated to generating electricity. However, in the MT lean vehicle 1, the increase in size of the unit 4 including the starter-generator 20 and the engine 10 is suppressed.

[0083] The starter-generator 20 is driven by current supplied via a switching element 65 provided in the control device 60. The rotational resistance of the starter-generator 20 is reduced by lubrication provided by the oil 18. This reduces the current supplied to the switching element 65 when restarting the engine 10. This also reduces heat generation from the switching element 65. This allows the heat insulation structure of the control device 60 to be simplified. In other words, the control device 60 can be made smaller.

[0084] The starter-generator 20 includes a stator 22 and a rotor 23. The stator 22 includes a stator core 223 and a multi-phase winding 224. The stator core 223 includes a plurality of teeth 222 arranged alternately with the slots 221 in the circumferential direction. The winding 224 is wound around the teeth 222. A current is supplied to the winding 224 via a switching element 65. The winding 224 supplies the generated current to the switching element 65. The rotor 23 of the starter-generator 20 is mounted on the crankshaft 11 so as to rotate in conjunction with the rotation of the crankshaft 11. The rotor 23 has magnetic pole portions 232 that are arranged circumferentially with a gap between them and the stator 22 and that are greater than two-thirds the number of slots 221. The magnetic pole portions 232 are made up of permanent magnets 231.

[0085] The angular velocity based on the electrical angle period of the starter-generator 20 is greater than that of a configuration having, for example, two-thirds or fewer magnetic pole portions 232 than the number of slots 221. The electrical angle is the angle when the angle through which the tooth portion 222 passes through one pole pair is 360 degrees. The angular velocity based on the electrical angle period is the angular velocity of the electrical angle through which the tooth portion 222 passes through the pole pair formed by the magnetic pole portions 232. The inductance of the winding 224 in the starter-generator 20 is greater than that of a configuration having, for example, two-thirds or fewer magnetic pole portions 232 than the number of slots 221. Therefore, after the engine 10 restarts, the generated current is suppressed by the larger inductance of the winding 224 in the range of rotational speeds at which the starter-generator 20 functions as a generator. Therefore, the current supplied to the switching element 65 during power generation is suppressed. The heat dissipation structure of the control device 60 can be simplified and made smaller.

[0086] The engine 10 further includes a rotor position detector 24. The rotor position detector 24 has a detection winding 241 that is different from the winding 224 of the stator 22. The rotor position detector 24 outputs a signal indicating the detected position of the rotor 23 to the control device 60 when the engine 10 is started with the manual transmission 30 in a low gear. The detection winding 241 detects the position of the rotor 23 by magnetic action. The detection winding 241 can operate at a higher temperature than, for example, a Hall element. This simplifies the heat dissipation structure within the crankcase 17, allowing the crankcase 17 to be made smaller.

[0087] [Second embodiment] 6 is a chart showing the configuration and process of a control device 260 for a manual transmission lean vehicle 1 according to the second embodiment. In this embodiment, parts common to those in the first embodiment are given the same reference numerals in the drawings, or illustration and description thereof are omitted. The control device 260 shown in the second embodiment can be applied to the first, second, and third application examples described above.

[0088] The forced stop control unit 262 of the control device 260 in this embodiment is configured by a computer having a processor and a program (not shown). The engine forced stop / start process 262a executed by the control device 260 is implemented by executing a program. These points are different from the first embodiment. The engine forced stop / start process 262a of this embodiment is implemented by sequentially executing a program in a processor. Therefore, there may be a slight difference in the timing at which a signal is output compared to the engine forced stop / start process 62a (see FIG. 1) in the first embodiment. However, this difference in output timing is a difference that can be ignored in terms of control timing. Therefore, from the perspective of actual control, it can be said that the output timing also matches.

[0089] The control processing of the engine forced stop / start process 262a is the same as that of the engine forced stop / start process 62a (see FIG. 1) in the first embodiment. That is, the forced stop control unit 262 receives the same signals as the forced stop control unit 62 (see FIG. 1) and outputs the same signals as the forced stop control unit 62. Also, as in the first embodiment, the engine forced stop / start process 262a in this embodiment is a process independent of the idling stop restart process 61a.

[0090] The engine forced stop / start process 262a includes forced stop control and recovery control. In the forced stop control, the forced stop control unit 262 determines whether the current state is a forced stop state or not (S31). The forced stop control unit 262 also determines the operation of the all-wheel ground-contact type self-standing mechanism 101. If the current state is not the forced stop state (No in S31) and the all-wheel ground contact type self-standing mechanism 101 is operating (Yes in S32), the forced stop control unit 262 sets the state to the forced stop state (S33). Then, the forced stop control unit 262 stops the engine 10 (EG stop S34). This forcibly stops the operation of the engine 10.

[0091] In the return control, the forced stop control unit 262 determines whether the current state is the forced stop state (S41). If the current state is the forced stop state (Yes in S41), the forced stop control unit 262 determines whether the engine start switch 121 (EG start SW 121) has been operated (S42). If the engine start switch 121 has been operated (Yes in S42) and further if the manual transmission 30 is in the neutral state (N) (Yes in S43), the forced stop control unit 262 starts the engine 10 (S46). If the current state is not a forced stop state (No in S41), the forced stop control unit 262 performs an operation in accordance with the restart request (S48). If the current state is a forced stop state (Yes in S41), the control by the forced stop control unit 262 is not reflected. As a result, the control of stopping the engine 10 by the forced stop control unit 262 takes priority.

[0092] Even if the manual transmission 30 is not in neutral (N) but in gear (No in S43), the forced stop control unit 262 starts the engine 10 (S46) if the following condition is met: the operation of the all-wheel ground-contact type self-standing mechanism 101 has stopped (Yes in S44) and operation of the clutch lever 122 has been detected (Yes in S45). When the engine 10 starts, the forced stop control unit 262 ends the forced stop state (S47). [Explanation of symbols]

[0093] 1 MT lean vehicle 1A Body 10 Engine 11 Crankshaft 14 wheels 15 Wheels (drive wheels) 15 drive wheels 17 Crankcase 18 Oil 20 Starter generator 22 Stator 23 Rotor 24 Rotor position detection device 25 clutch 30 Manual Transmission 51 Display device 60,260 Control Device 61 Idling stop control unit 61a Idling stop restart process 62 Forced stop control section 62a Engine forced stop / start process 65 Switching element 101 All-wheel grounding type self-sustaining mechanism 102 Detection device 121 Engine start switch 122 Clutch lever 123 Clutch sensor 124 Accelerator Grip 222 Tooth 223 Stator Core 224 windings 232 Magnetic pole part 241 Detection Winding 260 Control Device 262 Forced stop control unit 262a Engine forced stop / start process

Claims

1. A manual transmission lean vehicle configured so that it cannot stand on its own by only using a plurality of wheels that are in contact with the ground during driving, The manual transmission lean vehicle is the plurality of wheels including drive wheels that drive the manual transmission lean vehicle; an all-wheel ground-contact type self-supporting mechanism configured to make the vehicle body self-supporting with the plurality of wheels in contact with the ground when in operation, and to make the vehicle body self-supporting when not in operation; a detection device for detecting whether the all-wheel ground-contact type self-supporting mechanism is operating; an engine having a crankshaft and outputting power generated by combustion via the crankshaft; a manual transmission that changes the gear ratio between the crankshaft and the drive wheels in multiple stages including a neutral state; a clutch lever that operates the clutch in response to an operation by a rider; a clutch sensor that detects the operation of the clutch lever; a starter generator that drives the crankshaft when the engine is started and is driven by the crankshaft to generate electricity when the engine is in a combustion operation; an engine start switch for starting the engine in response to an operation by the rider; a control device for controlling the operation of the engine and the starter-generator; and characterized by: the control device includes an idling stop control unit that implements an idling stop / restart process for idling stop and restart of the engine, and a forced stop control unit that implements an engine forced stop / start process for stopping and starting the engine under conditions different from the idling stop and restart, the idling stop control unit, by carrying out the idling stop restart process, places the engine in an idling stop state in which operation is stopped based on the establishment of an idling stop condition other than the state of the all-wheel ground contact type self-supporting mechanism, and restarts the engine based on the operation detection result by the clutch sensor in the idling stop state; The forced stop control unit executes the engine forced stop / start process as a process independent of the idling stop restart process, and thereafter forcibly stops the operation of the engine when operation of the all-wheel ground contact type self-sustaining mechanism is detected, and then, when the manual transmission is in neutral, maintains the stopped state of the engine operation until the engine start switch is operated without starting the engine based on the operation detection result by the clutch sensor, and starts the engine based on the operation of the engine start switch.

2. 2. A manual transmission lean vehicle according to claim 1, The forced stop control unit executes the engine forced stop / start process to forcibly stop the operation of the engine when operation of the all-wheel ground contact type self-sustaining mechanism is detected, maintains the stopped state of the engine operation with the transmission of output from the engine to the drive wheels cut off, and continues to operate the all-wheel ground contact type self-sustaining mechanism until the engine start switch is operated, and starts the engine based on the simultaneous occurrence of both the stop of operation of the all-wheel ground contact type self-sustaining mechanism and the operation of the engine start switch with the transmission of output from the engine to the drive wheels cut off.

3. 3. A manual transmission lean vehicle according to claim 1 or 2, The all-wheel ground-contact type self-supporting mechanism is a side stand that operates by being deployed, the idling stop control unit carries out the idling stop restart process, thereby bringing the engine into the idling stop state in which operation is stopped based on the establishment of an idling stop condition other than the side stand state, and restarting the engine based on the operation detection result by the clutch sensor in the idling stop state; The forced stop control unit executes the engine forced stop / start process to forcibly stop the operation of the engine when the deployment of the side stand is detected, maintain the stopped state of the engine until the engine start switch is operated, and start the engine when the engine start switch is operated.

4. 3. A manual transmission lean vehicle according to claim 1 or 2, the manual transmission type lean vehicle includes an accelerator grip that outputs an acceleration request for the manual transmission type lean vehicle by operation; the idling stop control unit, by carrying out the idling stop restart process, places the engine in the idling stop state in which operation is stopped based on the establishment of an idling stop condition other than the state of the all-wheel ground contact type self-supporting mechanism, and restarts the engine when the accelerator grip does not output the acceleration request and the clutch sensor outputs an operation detection result; The forced stop control unit executes the engine forced stop / start process to forcibly stop the operation of the engine when operation of the all-wheel ground-contact type self-sustaining mechanism is detected, maintains the engine in a stopped state until the engine start switch is operated, and starts the engine based on the operation of the engine start switch.

5. 3. A manual transmission lean vehicle according to claim 1 or 2, The engine includes a crankcase that houses the crankshaft, The starter-generator is provided in the crankcase so as to be lubricated with oil.

6. 3. A manual transmission lean vehicle according to claim 1 or 2, the control device includes a switching element that controls a current flowing through the starter-generator; The starting generator includes a stator core having a plurality of teeth arranged alternately with slots in the circumferential direction, and a stator having multi-phase windings wound around the teeth and supplied with current via the switching element, which supplies the generated current to the switching element; and a rotor arranged circumferentially with a gap between it and the stator and having magnetic pole portions that are more than two-thirds the number of slots.

7. 3. A manual transmission lean vehicle according to claim 1 or 2, The starter-generator includes a stator having a winding and whose position is fixed relative to the engine, and a rotor having a permanent magnet provided relative to the stator via an air gap, and provided on the crankshaft so as to be interlocked with rotation of the crankshaft, The engine further includes a rotor position detection device having a detection winding different from the winding of the stator, which outputs a signal representing the detection of the rotor position to the control device when the engine is restarted based on the detection result of operation by the clutch sensor or the operation of the engine start switch.

Images