fall risk indicator measurement device

Abstract

The present invention provides a fall risk indicator measuring device that can measure an index of the biological reflex response based on the sensing of changes in acceleration of the otolith organs of a subject, in relation to the risk of falling when the subject falls. [Solution] The fall risk index measuring device 1 comprises a ride section 10 on which a subject sits, a support device 20 that supports the ride section, a release device 22 that releases the support of the ride section by the support device and allows the ride section to fall freely, a handrail section 14 for the subject's fingers to grasp, a pressure sensor 15 that measures the pressure of the fingers, and a control unit 60. The control unit 60 comprises a first reaction measuring unit 61 that measures a first reaction time from the time of release by the release device to the time of reaching a first pressure, based on the finger pressure value measured by the pressure sensor.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a fall risk index measuring device.

Background Art

[0002] Conventionally, the fall risk of pedestrians is known. For example, as shown in Patent Document 1, devices and systems for evaluating fall risk are known.

Prior Art Documents

Patent Documents

[0003]

Patent Document 1

Summary of the Invention

Problems to be Solved by the Invention

[0004] However, as shown in Patent Document 1, the evaluation of fall risk was based on the relationship between the external environment such as the steps on the ground and the pedestrian. Also, there was a problem that it was difficult to relatively easily measure an index related to the time of the subject's biological reflex reaction related to the evaluation of fall risk.

[0005] The present invention has been made to solve such problems, and an object thereof is to provide a fall risk index measuring device that can measure an index of a biological reflex reaction based on the perception of acceleration changes in the otolith organs of a subject with respect to the fall risk when the subject falls.

Means for Solving the Problems

[0006] To achieve the above objective, according to one embodiment of the present invention, a fall risk indicator measuring device for measuring an indicator of the risk of a subject falling comprises: a ride section on which the subject sits; a support device for supporting the ride section; a release device for releasing the support of the ride section by the support device and allowing the ride section to fall freely; a handrail section for the subject's fingers to grasp; a pressure sensor for measuring the pressure of the fingers; and a control unit, wherein the control unit comprises a first reaction measuring unit that measures a first reaction time from the time of release by the release device to the time of reaching a first pressure, based on the finger pressure value measured by the pressure sensor. According to one embodiment of the present invention configured in this manner, the first reaction measurement unit can measure the first reaction time from the release point by the release device to the point where the first pressure is reached, based on the pressure value of the fingers measured by the pressure sensor. This makes it possible to measure an index of the biological reflex response based on the sensing of acceleration changes in the otolith organs of the subject, with respect to the risk of falling when the subject falls. Therefore, it can be used, for example, as an index to improve the function of the biological reflex response based on the sensing of acceleration changes in the otolith organs of the subject in response to falls or drops. It can also be used, for example, to improve defensive actions based on reflex responses when elderly people fall. [Effects of the Invention]

[0007] According to the fall risk index measuring device of the present invention, it is possible to measure an index of the biological reflex response based on the sensing of changes in acceleration of the otolith organs of a subject, in relation to the risk of falling when the subject falls. [Brief explanation of the drawing]

[0008] [Figure 1] This is a side view of a fall risk indicator measuring device according to one embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 2] This is a top view of a fall risk indicator measuring device according to one embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 3] This is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of the support device, release device, and lifting device of a fall risk indicator measuring device according to one embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 4]This is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of the support device, release device, and lifting device of a fall risk indicator measuring device according to one embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 5] This figure shows the change in the grip strength of a trainee in response to the operation of a fall risk indicator measuring device according to one embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 6] This figure shows the change in finger pressure (grip strength) of a trainee over time, in a fall risk index measuring device according to one embodiment of the present invention, from the start of free fall of the ride portion. [Figure 7] This figure shows the change in finger pressure (grip strength) of a trainee in relation to the time elapsed since the ride section began free fall, for multiple age groups, in a fall risk index measuring device according to one embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 8] This figure shows how the first reaction time and the second reaction time change with respect to the number of training sessions for a trainee T in a fall risk index measuring device according to one embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 9] This figure shows the configuration of the control unit of a fall risk indicator measuring device according to one embodiment of the present invention. [Modes for carrying out the invention]

[0009] Hereinafter, with reference to the attached drawings, a fall risk index measuring device 1 according to one embodiment of the present invention will be described. The embodiments described herein are illustrative, and it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that many modifications, changes, and substitutions are possible within the spirit and scope of the present invention. Accordingly, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments disclosed, and various modifications, changes, etc., are possible in its form and details without departing from the claims. Furthermore, the components disclosed in the specification can be freely combined.

[0010] The fall risk index measuring device 1 functions as a device for training physical functions. More specifically, based on medical knowledge, the fall risk index measuring device 1 can function as a training device for training startle responses and their reactions related to nerves and muscles, based on the sensing of changes in acceleration of the otolith organs associated with falls. A startle response is, for example, a sudden reaction that the body unconsciously exhibits in response to a sudden external stimulus. A startle response is a physiological and neurological reflex response. Since it is usually difficult to consciously control a startle response, even if the training content is known, it is difficult to consciously stop the reaction, and a startle response occurs. Therefore, even if the trainer knows what the training is, the training can be performed, and an equivalent or certain degree of training effect can be achieved.

[0011] The fall risk index measuring device 1 comprises a base 2, a vertical wall 4, a ride section 10, a boarding platform 11, a support device 20, a release device 22, a buffer device 30, a lifting device 32, and a control unit 60. In the following description of one embodiment of the present invention, as shown in Figure 1, the front side of the seated trainee (subject) when getting into the fall risk index measuring device 1 is referred to as the front, and the back side of the trainee is referred to as the rear. Also, the right side of the trainee is referred to as the right side, and the left side of the trainee is referred to as the left side.

[0012] Base 2 forms a base that is placed on the floor surface F. Base 2 is formed, for example, in the shape of a rectangular flat plate. Base 2 forms the base of the fall risk index measuring device 1.

[0013] The vertical walls 4 are formed to rise from the base 2. As shown in Figure 2, the vertical walls 4 are provided to rise on each of the four sides surrounding the ride section 10. The vertical walls 4 form plate-like vertical walls that, even if the trainee T (see Figure 1) tilts or loses balance due to the impact of a fall, physically prevent the trainee T from falling from the fall risk index measuring device 1, thereby increasing the safety of the trainee T during training. The vertical walls 4 may be formed from a mesh structure such as wire mesh. If formed from a mesh structure, it is possible to make it less likely to give the trainee T a feeling of pressure or confinement, making it easier to proceed with training on a living body.

[0014] The ride unit 10 is configured to support the trainee T. The ride unit 10 is formed in a rectangular shape when viewed from above. The ride unit 10 is also formed in a plate shape when viewed from the side. The top surface 10a of the ride unit 10 is formed flat so that the trainee T can ride on it and walk. The bottom surface 10b of the ride unit 10 is also formed flat. Air cylinder devices (one air cylinder device for each corner) 21 are in contact with the bottom surface 10b of the ride unit 10 on the inside of the four corners of the bottom surface 10b of the ride unit 10. The ride unit 10 is configured so that the trainee T can ride on it and walk, and it can also be operated with the trainee T sitting or standing.

[0015] The ride unit 10 includes a chair 12. The chair 12 is positioned in the center of the upper surface 10a of the ride unit 10. The ride unit 10 is dropped while the trainee T is seated in the chair 12. The chair 12 is fixed to the ride unit 10. The chair 12 is positioned facing the front of the ride unit 10. When the trainee T is dropped while seated in the chair 12, the trainee T mainly produces reflex responses through the otolith organs and spinal reflexes. Therefore, by being seated, training can be performed that focuses on the otolith organs and spinal reflexes, and the response from the trainee T's otolith organs to the spinal reflexes can be trained. The riding part 10 also shows a standing position display 48 (shown by a dashed line in FIG. 2) that indicates the position where the trainee T stands. If the trainee T gets on the riding part 10 in a standing state and conducts training, the trainee T stands on the standing position display 48 and grasps the handrail part 14 with the finger Ta. If the trainee T gets on the riding part 10 in a standing state, a reflex reaction occurs due to the feeling on the sole of the foot, so that the response to the reflex from the sole of the foot can be trained. This technology is not limited to the state where the trainee T is sitting, and even in the state where the trainee T is standing, the reflex reaction to falling can be trained. For example, for the elderly who have anxiety about maintaining their posture in a standing state, by using the chair 12, there is also an advantage that free fall training can be performed while relatively enhancing safety in a sitting state. The riding part 10 is provided with an accelerometer 16 on the floor part. The accelerometer 16 can measure the change in acceleration. The accelerometer 16 can measure the time when gravity is lost due to the start of the fall of the riding part 10. The accelerometer 16 is electrically connected to the control unit 60.

[0016] As shown in FIG. 1, the riding part 10 is provided with a handrail part 14 for the trainee T to grasp the finger Ta. It is formed so that the finger of the trainee T sitting on the chair 12 can be placed on it. The handrail part 14 is formed so as to rise from the upper surface 10a of the riding part 10. The handrail part 14 is formed so as to rise from two locations near the left and right ends on the front side of the riding part 10. Also, the handrail part 14 extends almost horizontally from the right side to the left side of the riding part 10 at a predetermined height on the front side of the chair 12. The predetermined height of the handrail part 14 is a height within the range of 50 cm to 150 cm from the upper surface 10a, which is a height that is easy for an adult to place the finger Ta when sitting on the chair. The handrail part 14 may be formed so that the trainee T standing on the riding part 10 can place the finger Ta on it. Also, the handrail part 14 is formed so as to rise from two locations near the left and right ends on the rear side of the riding part 10, and also extends almost horizontally from the right side to the left side of the riding part 10 at a predetermined height on the rear side of the chair 12.

[0017] On the handrail portion 14 on the front side (front side) of the chair 12, a pressure sensor 15 for measuring the pressure of a finger is provided. The pressure sensor 15 is configured to measure the gripping force when the finger Ta of the training subject T grips the handrail portion 14. By providing the handrail portion 14 with the pressure sensor 15, the reflex reaction of the training subject T can be measured relatively simply while improving the safety of the training subject T. The training subject T is instructed to lightly grasp the position of the pressure sensor 15.

[0018] The boarding platform 11 forms a stepped boarding platform so that the training subject T who boards the riding portion 10 can board easily. The boarding platform 11 is provided, for example, on the side of the riding portion 10. The boarding platform 11 forms a stepped upward staircase with a plurality of relatively small steps from the height of the floor surface F (see FIG. 1) to the height H1 of the initial position of the riding portion 10. Therefore, the training subject T can board the riding portion 10 relatively easily from the boarding platform 11. The boarding platform 11 may be formed in a slope shape. Also, if there is an environment where it is easy for the training subject T to board the riding portion 10 due to the facilities and shape of the room, the boarding platform 11 can be omitted. Note that an opening / closing door portion 4a is formed in the vertical wall 4 on the side where the boarding platform 11 is installed. The door portion 4a is illustrated as the portion between the broken lines in FIG. 2. The door portion 4a can be opened as a simple door outward, and the training subject T can climb the boarding platform 11 and board the riding portion 10 when the door portion 4a is open.

[0019] As shown in Figures 2 and 3, the support device 20 is configured to support the ride section 10 from below. The support device 20 is composed of, for example, an air cylinder device 40. The air cylinder device 40 includes an electric compressor 42 that supplies compressed air A, a solenoid valve 43 provided between the compressor 42 and the cylinder 44, a piston 45 positioned inside the cylinder 44, a rod 46 connected to the piston 45, and a spring 47 positioned between the piston 45 and the cylinder 44. When compressed air A supplied from the compressor 42 is injected into the cylinder 44 of the air cylinder device 40, the piston 45 is pushed out toward the rod 46, and the rod 46 extends to support the ride section 10. In Figures 3 and 4, only a portion of the supported ride section 10 is shown for illustrative purposes. In Figure 3, the air cylinder device 40 is shown supporting the ride section 10 as the support device 20. For example, the cylinder 44, piston 45, and rod 46 of the air cylinder device 40 constitute a support mechanism. The support device 20 is composed of the support mechanism of the air cylinder device 40. The air cylinder device 40 may be formed by a double-acting air cylinder that applies air pressure to the front and rear of the cylinder. The spring 47 has the function of supporting the return of the piston when the upward force of the compressed air A is lost. The air cylinder device 40 is provided at four locations on the lower part of the ride section 10, but it is not limited to four locations, and the ride section 10 can be supported by any number of air cylinder devices 40. The support mechanism of the support device 20 and the release mechanism of the release device 22 can be formed relatively easily using the air cylinder device 40.

[0020] The release device 22 releases (removes) the support of the ride section 10 by the support device 20, allowing the ride section 10 to fall freely. For example, the cylinder 44, piston 45, and rod 46 of the air cylinder device 40 constitute a support mechanism. The release device 22 is composed of, for example, the air cylinder device 40. As shown in Figure 3, the release device 22 can operate from a state where compressed air A is present in the cylinder 44 and the piston 45 and rod 46 are extended (solenoid valve 43 is closed) by opening the solenoid valve 43 from the closed state, causing the compressed air in the cylinder 44 to escape all at once, as shown in Figure 4, causing the piston 45 to descend rapidly and the rod 46 to descend as well, resulting in the ride section 10 falling. In Figure 4, the air cylinder device 40 releases the support of the ride section 10, allowing the ride section 10 to fall freely, and the falling ride section 10 is then caught by the buffer device 30. The release device 22 is composed of the release mechanism of the air cylinder device 40.

[0021] The shock absorber 30 is positioned below the ride section 10 and is formed to have the function of receiving the free fall of the ride section 10. The shock absorber 30 is formed of layers of sponge. The shock absorber 30 is formed in a rectangular shape when viewed from above. Four holes are formed in the sponge layers of the shock absorber 30, and the air cylinder device 40 extends upward through the four holes. Therefore, when the piston 45 and rod 46 of the air cylinder device 40 descend rapidly, the ride section 10 will free fall, its speed will be reduced by the shock absorber 30, and the impact will be absorbed and received. The shock absorber 30 is formed such that, for example, the thickness B of the sponge layer is within the range of 5 cm to 15 cm. The shock absorber 30 may also be formed of other structures such as springs that have a shock-absorbing function. The shock absorber 30 can reduce the free fall of the ride section 10 and absorb and receive the impact with a relatively simple configuration. Furthermore, because the shock absorber 30 is formed of layers of sponge, the shock absorber 30 can be constructed relatively simply.

[0022] The lifting device 32 is configured to raise the ride section 10 to an initial position supported by the support device 20, for example, the position shown in Figure 1. The lifting device 32 raises the ride section 10 to the initial position supported by the support device 20 using compressed air A supplied from the compressor 42. In the air cylinder device 40, as shown in Figure 3, compressed air A is injected into the cylinder 44 of the air cylinder device 40, pushing the piston 45 toward the rod 46, and as the rod 46 rises, it raises the ride section 10, raising the ride section 10 to the initial position. In this embodiment, for example, the cylinder 44, piston 45, rod 46 and compressor 42 of the air cylinder device 40 constitute the lifting device 32. Since the lifting device 32 can raise the ride section 10 to the initial position supported by the support device 20, the next free fall training can be performed relatively easily. Also, for example, repeated training can be easily performed. The lifting device 32 uses air supplied from the compressor 42 to raise the ride section 10 to its initial position where it is supported by the support device 20. Therefore, a relatively simple configuration using the compressor 42 can be used to raise the ride section 10.

[0023] As shown in Figure 1, the control unit 60 is located on the rear side of the fall risk index measuring device 1. The control unit 60 may be located anywhere via the Internet. The control unit 60 controls physical function training. More specifically, the control unit 60 controls the lifting device 32, support device 20, release device 22, shock absorber 30, air cylinder device 40, etc., and can control physical function training movements and their timing. For example, the control unit 60 can perform controls to put the four air cylinder devices 40 into a support state or to simultaneously release the four air cylinder devices 40. More specifically, the control unit 60 can simultaneously open the four solenoid valves 43, allowing compressed air in the cylinders to flow out. The control unit 60 can also acquire measurement values ​​from the pressure sensor 15, etc. The control unit 60 can implement control to bring the ride unit 10 to a predetermined position and allow it to free fall. The control unit 60 incorporates a CPU 51 and a storage device 52 such as memory, and controls connected devices to execute predetermined controls based on predetermined control programs recorded in the memory, etc. The control unit 60 is electrically connected to the compressor 42, the solenoid valve 43, the pressure sensor 15, the accelerometer 16, and the like. These electrical connections may be made by wireless communication or the like.

[0024] The control unit 60 is further equipped with an output device 53 such as a monitor and an input device 54 that can be operated, allowing various control contents to be set. For example, the control unit 60 can be started, stopped, or its control contents changed using the input device 54. The output device 53 can display the contents of the control unit 60, as well as the operation contents and commands of the input device 54.

[0025] The control unit 60 can execute the functions of each control part as shown below, based on a predetermined program stored in the storage device 52, etc. The controls described below are examples, and other controls and functions not listed below are also stored in the storage device 52, etc., as predetermined programs. The control unit 60 includes a first reaction measurement unit 61 that measures a first reaction time from the time of release by the release device to the time of reaching the first pressure, based on the pressure value of the fingers measured by the pressure sensor 15. The control unit 60 functions as the first reaction measurement unit according to a predetermined program. The control unit 60 includes a first fall risk evaluation unit 62 that evaluates the risk of falling by comparing the first reaction time measured by the first reaction measurement unit with a reference first reaction time. The control unit 60 functions as the first fall risk evaluation unit 62 according to a predetermined program. The control unit 60 includes a second reaction measurement unit 63 that measures the second reaction time from the point when the first pressure, which is 10% of the initial pressure immediately after release, reaches the point when the second pressure, which is 90% of the maximum pressure, reaches the point when the second pressure, which is 90% of the maximum pressure, based on the pressure value of the fingers measured by the pressure sensor. The control unit 60 functions as the second reaction measurement unit according to a predetermined program. The control unit 60 includes a second fall risk evaluation unit 64 that evaluates the risk of falling by comparing the second reaction time measured by the second reaction measurement unit with a reference second reaction time. The control unit 60 functions as the second fall risk evaluation unit 64 according to a predetermined program. The control unit 60 includes a slope value calculation unit 65 that calculates a slope value determined by the second reaction time measured by the second reaction measurement unit and the pressure rise from the first pressure to the second pressure. The control unit 60 functions as the slope value calculation unit 65 according to a predetermined program. The control unit 60 includes a slope value comparison unit 66 that compares the slope value calculated by the slope value calculation unit with reference slope values ​​for multiple age groups to estimate the age level of the muscle response. The control unit 60 functions as the slope value comparison unit 66 according to a predetermined program. The gradient value comparison unit 66 can estimate, for example, the reaction rate of muscle response as an indicator of a decline in muscle response, such as a decline due to aging. The control unit 60 includes a pressure rise measurement unit 67 that measures the amount of pressure rise from the initial pressure immediately after release by the release device to the maximum pressure, based on the pressure value of the fingers measured by the pressure sensor. The control unit 60 functions as the pressure rise measurement unit 67 according to a predetermined program. The control unit 60 includes a pressure increase range comparison unit 68 that compares the pressure increase range measured by the pressure increase range measurement unit with reference pressure increase ranges for multiple age groups to estimate the level of muscle aging. The control unit 60 functions as the pressure increase range comparison unit 68 according to a predetermined program. The control unit 60 includes a total reaction time measuring unit 69 that measures the total reaction time from the time of release by the release device to the time of reaching the maximum pressure. The control unit 60 functions as the total reaction time measuring unit 69 according to a predetermined program. The control unit 60 acquires the measurement results of the first reaction time by the first reaction measurement unit 61 over multiple training cycles and includes a first reaction change display function unit 70 that shows the subject how the measurement results of the first reaction time by the first reaction measurement unit change according to the number of training cycles. The control unit 60 functions as the first reaction change display function unit 70 according to a predetermined program. The control unit 60 acquires the measurement results of the second reaction time by the second reaction measurement unit 63 over multiple training cycles and includes a second reaction change display function unit 71 that shows the subject how the measurement results of the second reaction time by the second reaction measurement unit 63 change according to the number of training cycles. The control unit 60 functions as the second reaction change display function unit 71 according to a predetermined program. The control unit 60 includes a comparison display function unit 72 that displays the measurement result of the first reaction time by the first reaction change display function 70 and the measurement result of the second reaction time by the second reaction change display function 71 side by side, and shows the difference in the trends of the training results over multiple training cycles for both. The control unit 60 functions as the comparison display function unit 72 according to a predetermined program.

[0026] Next, an example of the operation and effects of a physical function training method using the fall risk index measuring device 1 will be described. Before the trainee T gets on, the ride section 10 of the fall risk index measuring device 1 is in the initial position shown in Figure 1. At this time, as shown in Figure 3, compressed air A supplied from the compressor 42 is injected into the cylinder 44, and the piston 45 pushes out toward the rod 46, with the rod 46 extended and supporting the ride section 10. The trainee T opens the door 4a, gets on the ride 10, and sits on the chair 12. The handrail 14 is lightly grasped by the trainee T's fingers Ta at the position of the pressure sensor 15. The solenoid valve 43 is in the closed position.

[0027] When the control unit 60 initiates a physical function training method, it opens the solenoid valve 43 from the closed state. The compressed air A in the cylinder 44 is released all at once, causing the piston 45 and rod 46 to descend rapidly, and the ride unit 10 to freefall. The ride unit 10 falls in a state close to freefall, for example, a height within the range of approximately 3 cm to 10 cm from the initial position, or for example, a height within the range of approximately 5 cm to 10 cm from the initial position. In other words, the ride unit 10 falls for a time within the range of approximately 0.05 seconds to 0.3 seconds, or for example, a time within the range of approximately 0.1 seconds to 0.3 seconds. Although it is a very short time, the trainee T exhibits a startle response in conjunction with the freefall. More specifically, the otolith organs of the trainee T sense the change in acceleration associated with the freefall. The freefall does not need to be strictly freefall; any fall that produces low gravity is sufficient. When the otolith organs of trainee T sense changes in acceleration associated with free fall, a reflexive defensive reaction (startle reaction) is triggered by the detection of acceleration changes that could potentially endanger life, such as during falls or tumbles. In response to the otolith organs' detection of acceleration changes, nerve transmission occurs as a spinal reflex, causing muscles to respond, and as a reflex reaction, the grip strength of the fingers Ta increases sharply. This reaction of the fingers Ta is a defensive and reflex reaction to falls and other incidents that occur during falls or free fall. Furthermore, since the fall time for trainee T is very short, approximately 0.1 to 0.3 seconds, the physical burden on trainee T can be kept relatively low, even if trainee T is elderly.

[0028] Figure 5 shows a graph of the changes in grip strength of the fingers Ta of trainee T measured over time during physical function training conducted using the fall risk index measuring device 1. The horizontal axis represents time [s], and the vertical axis represents pressure (grip strength) [kg]. Free fall of the ride unit 10 and trainee T begins at time 0 [s]. The change in grip strength (force) of the fingers Ta is measured by the pressure sensor 15, and the pressure value measured by the pressure sensor 15 is assumed to be the grip strength value. Figure 5 shows the reflex response in the change in grip strength of the fingers Ta over time in the early stages of trainee T's training. It also shows the change in grip strength of the fingers Ta over time, i.e., the reflex response and muscle response, after a certain number of training sessions for trainee T. In the early stages of trainee T's training, a relatively long time elapses from the start of the fall (0 seconds) to the start of the reaction Q1. Furthermore, in the early stages of training, the rate of pressure increase (slope of grip strength change) from the reaction initiation point Q1 is relatively gradual (shown by the dashed line S1 in Figure 5). For example, a slow reaction initiation means that if an event such as a fall occurs, it may take time for the trainee T to initiate a reflex reaction. Also, for example, a gradual (slow) rate of pressure increase S1 from the reaction initiation point Q1 means that it may take time for the trainee T to perform a reaction action after initiating a reflex reaction.

[0029] When subject T undergoes physical function training using the fall risk index measuring device 1, the reaction time until the onset of reflex responses such as spinal reflexes improves, and the reaction time and power increase rate of muscle responses after the onset of reflex responses also improves. For example, when examining the change in grip strength of the fingers Ta over time after a certain number of training sessions (e.g., after 3 training sessions) of subject T, the time from the start of the fall (0 seconds) to the start of the reaction Q2 is shorter than the time from Q1. Also, the rate of pressure increase from the start of the reaction Q2 (slope of grip strength change) is a larger slope S2 than S1, and is a relatively large slope (shown by the dashed line S2 in Figure 5). Furthermore, the maximum value M2 of grip strength after a certain number of training sessions of subject T is greater than the maximum value M1 of grip strength at the beginning of training. For example, an early physiological reflex response at time Q2 means that when an event such as a fall occurs, the time it takes for subject T to start reacting will be shorter, and the possibility of being able to perform protective actions in time will increase. Furthermore, for example, if the rate of pressure increase S2 from the reaction initiation point Q2 becomes larger (faster), it means that the time required for the trainee T to react after the reflex reaction begins is shortened, and it becomes possible to perform more reflexive reaction actions (to have time to perform or to perform more defensive actions). For example, this can improve reflexive actions in elderly people who need to perform defensive actions reflexively in the event of a fall or falling down stairs. Also, for example, if the maximum grip strength M2 becomes greater than M1 after a certain number of training sessions, the force with which one can grab onto a handrail, etc., during a fall can be increased, increasing the possibility of avoiding danger or reducing damage. This technology allows for training of biological reflex reactions to changes in acceleration such as falling.

[0030] A more detailed explanation of the change in finger pressure (grip strength) of trainee T with respect to the time elapsed since the ride section 10 began free fall due to the release of the ride section 10 by the release device in the fall risk index measuring device 1 is given below. Figure 6 shows a graph of the results of measuring the change in pressure (grip strength) on the fingers Ta of trainee T and the change in gravity acting on trainee T, with respect to the time elapsed since the ride section 10 began free fall after being released by the release device using the fall risk index measuring device 1. In Figure 6, the horizontal axis represents time [s], and the vertical axis represents grip strength [kg] and gravity [m / s]. 2 The following is shown. At time 0[s], the release device is released, and the free fall of the ride unit 10 and the trainee T begins. The change in grip strength of the trainee T's fingers Ta, i.e., the pressure value (grip strength value) P of the fingers, is measured by the pressure sensor 15. The change in grip strength (force) of the fingers Ta is measured by the pressure sensor 15, and the pressure value measured by the pressure sensor 15 is assumed to be the grip strength value. The change in gravity acting on the trainee T on the ride unit 10 is shown by a dashed line. The change in grip strength of the trainee T's fingers Ta is shown by a solid line.

[0031] The first reaction measurement unit 61 measures the first reaction time t0 from the release point T0 by the release device to the first pressure arrival point T1, based on the finger pressure value (grip strength value) P measured by the pressure sensor 15.

[0032] Figure 6 shows the relationship between the change in grip strength of the fingers Ta of the trainee T and the change in gravity acting on the trainee T, with respect to the time change from the release point T0 by the release device. At the release point T0, the ride unit 10 on which the trainee T is placed drops as gravity is lost from 1G in a short period of time. At the release point T0, the trainee T perceives that the support of the ride unit 10 has been released and that gravity has been lost. As a bodily reflex response, the trainee T begins to increase their grip strength after a predetermined time has elapsed from the release point T0, for example, slightly before the first pressure is reached T1. It is assumed that the measured grip strength of the fingers corresponds to the pressure value measured by the pressure sensor 15. The pressure (grip strength) increases from the initial pressure P0 to the first pressure P1 between the release point T0 and the first pressure is reached T1, mainly based on the bodily reflex response. The grip strength of the fingers Ta increases rapidly from the first pressure P1 to the second pressure P2, primarily based on the muscular response. The grip strength of the fingers Ta then increases from the second pressure P2 to the maximum pressure PM. After reaching the maximum pressure PM, the grip strength of the fingers Ta is maintained at the maximum pressure PM for a certain period of time, several seconds. The time from the release point T0 to the point of reaching the second pressure T2 is approximately 1 to 2 seconds.

[0033] The initial pressure P0 is the grip strength based on the pressure value measured when the fingers of the trainee T lightly grip the position of the pressure sensor 15. Although there are individual differences among trainees T, the initial pressure P0 is maintained at a relatively constant value before the ride unit 10 begins to fall. The first pressure P1 is a value obtained by increasing the initial pressure P0 by a predetermined percentage, for example, 10%, within the range from the initial pressure P0 to the maximum pressure PM. The first pressure P1 can be any percentage, for example, within the range of 10% to 30%, within the range from the initial pressure P0 to the maximum pressure PM. The second pressure P2 is a value obtained by increasing the initial pressure P0 by a predetermined percentage, for example, 90%, of the range from the initial pressure P0 to the maximum pressure PM. The second pressure P2 can be a value obtained by increasing the initial pressure P0 by any percentage, for example, within the range of 70% to 95%, of the range from the initial pressure P0 to the maximum pressure PM. The maximum pressure PM is the pressure value at which the grip strength of the trainee T's fingers increases, becoming the trainee T's inherent maximum pressure value and remaining approximately constant. The maximum pressure PM is reached when the trainee T grips their fingers in a reflex response to the loss of gravity, reaching approximately the maximum value, and then remaining at a relatively constant value.

[0034] The release time T0 is the time when the release device 22 releases support from the ride section 10, i.e., the time when the fall begins (0 seconds). The first pressure arrival time T1 is the time when the first pressure P1 is measured by the pressure sensor 15. The second pressure arrival time T2 is the time when the second pressure P2 is measured by the pressure sensor 15. The first reaction time t0 is the elapsed time from the release time T0 to the first pressure arrival time T1. The second reaction time t2 is the elapsed time from the first pressure arrival time T1 to the second pressure arrival time T2.

[0035] The first reaction measurement unit 61 of the control unit 60 measures the first reaction time t0 from the release point T0 by the release device to the point T1 where the first pressure is reached, based on the finger pressure value measured by the pressure sensor 15. The time change of the grip strength value is understood by assuming that the finger pressure value measured by the pressure sensor 15 is the grip strength value. Based on the sensing of acceleration changes by the otolith organs, etc., of the training subject T, the first reaction measurement unit 61 can measure the time (first reaction time t0) from the loss of gravity at time T0 to T1 when the output increase begins, mainly due to biological spinal reflex reactions. The first reaction measurement unit 61 can display an index related to the first reaction time t0. If the first reaction time t0 is relatively short, the first reaction measurement unit of the control unit 60 determines that the reaction speed of the training subject T's biological reflex reaction, such as a spinal reflex reaction, is fast. This means that when an event such as a fall occurs to the trainee T, the time it takes for a reflex reaction, such as a spinal reflex reaction, may be shorter than the standard, increasing the likelihood of being able to react in time and thus lowering the risk of injury. The first reaction measurement unit 61 of the control unit 60 determines that if the first reaction time t0 is relatively long, the reaction speed of the trainee T's biological reflex response, such as a spinal reflex response, is slow. This means that when an event such as a fall occurs to the trainee T, the time for the reflex response, such as a spinal reflex response, may be longer than the standard, which reduces the likelihood of being able to perform a defensive action in time and increases the risk of injury.

[0036] The first fall risk evaluation unit 62 of the control unit 60 evaluates the fall risk by comparing the first reaction time t0 measured by the first reaction measurement unit 61 of the control unit 60 with a reference first reaction time tb0. The first fall risk evaluation unit 62 can display an index related to such fall risk. The first fall risk evaluation unit 62 of the control unit 60 can evaluate the time difference between the first reaction time t0, which is the time until a biological reflex response based on the perception of acceleration changes due to gravity loss in the trainee T, such as a spinal reflex response, begins, and the reference first reaction time tb0. The reference first reaction time tb0 is set as the time of the reflex response as a reference index. The reference first reaction time tb0 may be set by, for example, the average reflex response time of an adult. Alternatively, the reference first reaction time tb0 may be set by, for example, the trainee's past reflex response times. The control unit 60 has a function that allows for easy setting of the reference first reaction time tb0, and by using the reference first reaction time tb0 as an indicator, it can compare the measured current first reaction time t0 with the indicator to show the risk trend relative to the indicator. The first fall risk assessment unit 62 of the control unit 60 determines that if the first reaction time t0 is shorter than the standard first reaction time tb0, the first reaction time t0, which corresponds to the reaction speed of the trainee T's biological reflex response, such as a spinal reflex response, is faster than the standard first reaction time tb0. The first fall risk assessment unit 62 of the control unit 60 determines that when an event such as a fall occurs to the trainee T, the time until the reflex response begins may be shorter than the standard, increasing the likelihood that protective action will be possible in time and lowering the risk of injury. If the trainee T's biological reflex response time is shorter than the standard first reaction time tb0 set as an index, the control unit 60 may estimate that the trainee T has a younger physical age in terms of reflex response compared to the human model corresponding to the standard first reaction time. The first reaction time t0 mainly corresponds to the time of spinal reflexive and neurotransmitter responses before the pressure rise begins. The first reaction time t0 is, for example, a time of less than 1 second. The first fall risk assessment unit 62 of the control unit 60 determines that if the first reaction time t0 is longer than the standard first reaction time tb0, the first reaction time t0, which corresponds to the reaction speed of the trainee T's biological reflex response, such as a spinal reflex response, is slower than the standard first reaction time tb0. By determining that the first reaction time t0 is slower than the standard first reaction time tb0, the first fall risk assessment unit 62 can determine that when an event such as a fall occurs to the trainee T, the time until the reflex response begins will be longer than the standard, making it less likely that protective action will be taken in time, and thus increasing the risk of injury. If the first reaction time t0, which is the biological reflex response time of the trainee T, is longer than the standard first reaction time tb0 set as an index, the control unit 60 may estimate that the trainee T has a physical age related to reflex responses that is older compared to the human model corresponding to the standard first reaction time.

[0037] The second reaction measurement unit 63 of the control unit 60 measures the second reaction time t1 from the point in time T1 when the first pressure P1, which is 10% of the initial pressure immediately after release, reaches the point in time T2 when the second pressure, which is 90% of the maximum pressure PM, reaches the second pressure, based on the pressure value of the fingers measured by the pressure sensor 15. The second reaction measurement unit 63 can display an index related to this second reaction time t1. The second reaction time t1 of the trainee T, from the first pressure P1 when force begins to be applied to the fingers Ta, until the pressure (grip strength) increases to the second pressure P2, which is close to the maximum pressure, can be obtained as an index of the muscle output increase reaction time. The second reaction time t1 mainly corresponds to the reaction time required for the increase in output due to the muscle response, for example, the response of muscle contraction, from the first pressure when force begins to be applied to the fingers Ta. The second reaction time t1 is, for example, about 1 second. The second reaction measurement unit 63 of the control unit 60 can determine that if the second reaction time t1 is relatively short, the reaction time required for the response related to increasing muscle output is shorter, and the risk of injury is lower. When an event such as a fall occurs to the trainee T, a certain amount of time is required for the muscle output to actually increase after a command related to increasing muscle output, such as a command related to muscle contraction, is transmitted to the muscles. If this time for increasing muscle output is short, the possibility of being able to perform a defensive action in time increases, and the risk of injury is lower. Conversely, if the second reaction measurement unit 63 of the control unit 60 is relatively long, it can determine that the reaction time required for the response related to increasing muscle output is longer, and the risk of injury is higher. Thus, when an event such as a fall occurs to the trainee T, a certain amount of time is required for the muscle output to actually increase after a command related to increasing muscle output, such as a command related to muscle contraction, is transmitted to the muscles. If this time for increasing muscle output is long, the possibility of being able to perform a defensive action in time decreases, and the risk of injury is higher.

[0038] The second fall risk evaluation unit 64 of the control unit 60 evaluates the risk of falling by comparing the second reaction time t1 measured by the second reaction measurement unit of the control unit 60 with a reference second reaction time tb1. The second fall risk evaluation unit 64 can display an index related to such fall risk. The second fall risk evaluation unit 64 can evaluate the time difference between the second reaction time t1 related to the increase in muscle output of the trainee T, for example, the time related to the muscle response, and the reference second reaction time tb1. The reference second reaction time tb1 is set as the time related to the muscle response as a reference index. The reference second reaction time tb1 may be set, for example, by the average muscle response time of an adult. Alternatively, the reference second reaction time tb1 may be set, for example, by the trainee's past muscle response times. The control unit 60 has a function to easily set the reference second reaction time tb1, and can show the risk trend relative to the index by comparing the measured current second reaction time t1 with the reference second reaction time tb1 as an index. For example, one could compare the baseline second reaction time tb1 with the second reaction time t1 from the past year to analyze whether muscle response has declined.

[0039] The second fall risk assessment unit 64 of the control unit 60 determines that if the second reaction time t1 is shorter than the standard second reaction time tb1, the second reaction time t1 corresponding to the muscle response of the trainee T, for example, the second reaction time t1 corresponding to the reaction speed of the muscle response, is faster than the standard second reaction time tb1. When the second fall risk assessment unit 64 determines that the second reaction time t1 is faster than the standard second reaction time tb1, the second fall risk assessment unit 64 can determine that when an event such as a fall occurs to the trainee T, the reaction time from when the reaction command due to the reflex reaction is transmitted to the muscles until the effectiveness of the defensive action increases will be shortened, increasing the likelihood that an effective defensive action with increased muscle output will be able to occur in time, thus lowering the risk of injury. If the second reaction time t1 of the muscle response of the trainee T is faster than the standard second reaction time tb1 set as an index, the control unit 60 can estimate that the trainee T has a younger physical age in terms of muscle response compared to the human model corresponding to the standard second reaction time.

[0040] The second fall risk assessment unit 64 of the control unit 60 determines that if the second reaction time t1 is greater than or equal to the standard second reaction time tb1, the second reaction time t1 corresponding to the muscle response of the trainee T, for example, the second reaction time t1 corresponding to the reaction speed of the muscle response, is slower than the standard second reaction time tb1. If the second fall risk assessment unit 64 determines that the second reaction time t1 is slower than the standard second reaction time tb1, the second fall risk assessment unit 64 can determine that when an event such as a fall occurs to the trainee T, the reaction time from when the reaction command due to the reflex reaction is transmitted to the muscles until the effectiveness of the defensive action increases will be longer, making it less likely that an effective defensive action will be taken in time, and thus increasing the risk of injury. If the muscle response of the trainee T is slower than the standard second reaction time set as an index, the control unit 60 can estimate that the trainee T has a physical age related to aged muscle responses compared to the human model corresponding to the standard first reaction time.

[0041] The slope value calculation unit 65 of the control unit 60 calculates a slope value K based on the second reaction time t1 measured by the second reaction measurement unit 63 and the pressure increase from the first pressure P1 to the second pressure P2. The slope value calculation unit 65 can display an index related to the slope value K. This makes it possible to measure the pressure increase per unit time, i.e., the pressure increase rate, with respect to the pressure increase relative to the second reaction time t1 for the muscle response reaction of the trainee T. The slope value calculation unit 65 of the control unit 60 can determine that if the calculated slope value K is small, the pressure increase relative to the second reaction time t1 is relatively small, the muscle output does not increase easily over time, and when an event such as a fall occurs to the trainee T, the pressure increase rate from the time the reaction command due to the reflex reaction is transmitted to the muscles until the effect of the defensive action increases is low, which reduces the possibility of an effective defensive action being taken in time and increases the risk of injury. The slope value K can also be used as an index to see the trend of reducing the risk of injury. The incline value calculation unit 65 of the control unit 60 determines that if the calculated incline value K is large, the pressure increase relative to the second reaction time t1 is relatively large, muscle output tends to increase over time, and when an event such as a fall occurs to the trainee T, the rate of pressure increase from the time the reaction command due to the reflex reaction is transmitted to the muscles until the effectiveness of the defensive action increases is high, which increases the likelihood that an effective defensive action will be taken in time, thus lowering the risk of injury. The incline value K can also be used as an indicator to see the trend of reducing the risk of injury.

[0042] The pressure rise measurement unit 67 of the control unit 60 measures the pressure rise from the initial pressure P0 immediately after release by the release device 22 to the maximum pressure PM, based on the pressure value of the fingers measured by the pressure sensor 15. By measuring the pressure rise from the initial pressure P0 to the maximum pressure PM, the pressure rise measurement unit 67 can obtain an index of the magnitude of the increase in muscle output. As a result, the pressure rise measurement unit 67 can determine that if the increase in the magnitude of the increase in muscle output is relatively large, the force output as a defensive reaction is large, and the possibility of injury is relatively low. If the increase in the magnitude of the increase in muscle output is relatively small, the pressure rise measurement unit 67 can determine that the force output as a defensive reaction is small, and the possibility of injury is relatively high. By measuring the pressure rise, the pressure rise measurement unit 67 can evaluate the risk of injury based on muscle output.

[0043] The total reaction time measuring unit 69 of the control unit 60 can measure the total reaction time from the release point T0 by the release device 22 to the point TM when the maximum pressure is reached. The total reaction time measuring unit 69 can display an index related to the total reaction time. By measuring the total reaction time from the release point T0 to the point TM when the maximum pressure is reached, the total reaction time can be measured. Due to individual differences, some people may have a short first reaction time t0 but a long second reaction time t1, so this can be used as an index when referring to the overall reaction time. If the total reaction time is relatively short, it can be judged that the actions involved in the defensive reaction did not take a total of time, and the possibility of injury is relatively low. If the total reaction time is relatively long, it can be judged that the actions involved in the defensive reaction took a total of time, and the possibility of injury is relatively high. The total reaction time measuring unit 69 can obtain an index of the time required for the overall reaction.

[0044] Figure 7 shows a graph of the changes in grip strength of the fingers Ta of trainee T, measured by age group using the fall risk index measuring device 1, in relation to the time from when the ride unit 10 begins free fall due to the release of the ride unit 10 by the release device. In Figure 7, the horizontal axis represents time [s] and the vertical axis represents pressure (grip strength) [kg]. At time T0, the release device is released, and the free fall of the ride unit 10 and trainee T begins. The change in grip strength of the fingers Ta of trainee T, i.e., the pressure value (grip strength value) P of the fingers, is measured by the pressure sensor 15. The pressure value measured by the pressure sensor 15 is used as the grip strength value. The grip strength value, a physical quantity of force, is calculated from this pressure value. The measurement results for trainees in their 20s are shown by a solid line. The measurement results for trainees in their 30s are shown by a dashed line. The measurement results for trainees in their 50s are shown by a dashed line.

[0045] In Figure 7, similar to Figure 6, the ride unit 10 on which the trainee T is placed drops suddenly from 1G of gravity to 1G at the release point T0. The change in grip strength for trainee TB in his 30s, which shows the average pressure (grip strength) of trainees in their 30s, is explained. Trainee TB recognizes that the support of the ride unit 10 is released and gravity is lost. As shown in Figure 7, after a predetermined time has elapsed from the release point T0, for example, slightly before the first pressure is reached T1(TB), the grip strength begins to increase as a physiological response of the body, such as a spinal reflex reaction. The measured grip strength of the fingers corresponds to the pressure value measured by the pressure sensor 15. The grip strength increases from the initial pressure P0(TB) to the first pressure P1(TB) between the release point T0 and the first pressure is reached T1, mainly based on the body's reflex reaction. The grip strength of the fingers Ta increases rapidly from the first pressure P1(TB) to the second pressure P2(TB), primarily based on muscular reflexes, after the first pressure P1(TB). The grip strength of the fingers Ta then increases from the second pressure P2(TB) to the maximum pressure PM(TB). After reaching the maximum pressure PM(TB), the grip strength of the fingers Ta is maintained at the maximum pressure PM(TB) for a certain period of time, for several seconds.

[0046] As shown in Figure 7, the initial pressure P0(TB) is the initial pressure P0 for a trainee TB in their 30s. The first pressure P1(TB) is the first pressure P1 for a trainee TB in their 30s. The second pressure P2(TB) is the second pressure P2 for a trainee TB in their 30s. The maximum pressure PM(TB) is the maximum pressure PM for a trainee TB in their 30s. The time when the first pressure is reached T1(TB) is the time when the first pressure is reached T1 for a trainee TB in their 30s. The first reaction time t0(TB) is the first reaction time t0 for a trainee TB in their 30s. The time when the second pressure is reached T2(TB) is the time when the second pressure is reached T2 for a trainee TB in their 30s. The second reaction time t1(TB) is the second reaction time t1 for a trainee TB in their 30s.

[0047] Figure 7 illustrates the changes in grip strength of the fingers Ta of a trainee TA in their 20s, from the release point T0 by the release device, and the changes in gravity acting on the trainee T. At the release point T0, the trainee T experiences a sudden decrease in gravity from 1G to 0G. The trainee T(TA) recognizes that the support of the ride part 10 has been released and gravity has been lost. As a bodily reflex response, the trainee T begins to increase their grip strength after a predetermined time has elapsed from the release point T0. The measured pressure value of the fingers increases from the initial pressure P0(TA) to the first pressure P1(TA) between the release point T0 and the point where the first pressure is reached T1(TA). Following the bodily reflex response, the grip strength of the fingers Ta further increases rapidly from the first pressure P1(TA) to the second pressure P2(TA). Subsequently, the grip strength of the fingers Ta increases from the second pressure P2 to the maximum pressure PM. The grip strength of the fingers (Ta) decreases after reaching the maximum pressure PM(TA), and then maintains a predetermined pressure for a certain period.

[0048] As shown in Figure 7, the initial pressure P0(TA) is the initial pressure P0 for a trainee TA in their 20s. The first pressure P1(TA) is the first pressure P1 for a trainee TA in their 20s. The second pressure P2(TA) is the second pressure P2 for a trainee TA in their 20s. The maximum pressure PM(TA) is the maximum pressure PM for a trainee TA in their 20s. The time when the first pressure is reached T1(TA) is the time when the first pressure is reached T1 for a trainee TA in their 20s. The first reaction time t0(TA) is the first reaction time t0 for a trainee TA in their 20s. The time when the second pressure is reached T2(TA) is the time when the second pressure is reached T2 for a trainee TA in their 20s. The second reaction time t1(TA) is the second reaction time t1 for a trainee TA in their 20s.

[0049] Figure 7 illustrates the changes in grip strength of the fingers Ta of a trainee T(TC) in his 50s, from the release point T0 by the release device, and the changes in gravity acting on the trainee T. At the release point T0, the trainee T experiences a sudden decrease in gravity from 1G to 0G. The trainee T(TC) recognizes that the support of the ride part 10 has been released and gravity has been lost. As a bodily reflex response, the trainee T begins to increase his grip strength after a predetermined time has elapsed from the release point T0. The measured pressure value of the fingers increases from the initial pressure P0(TC) to the first pressure P1(TC) between the release point T0 and the point where the first pressure is reached T1(TC). Following the bodily reflex response, the grip strength of the fingers Ta further increases in stages, relatively slowly, from the first pressure P1(TC) to the second pressure P2(TC). The grip strength of the fingers Ta then increases from the second pressure P2 to the maximum pressure PM. After reaching the maximum pressure PM(TC), the grip strength of the fingers Ta is maintained at the maximum pressure PM(TC) for a certain period of time.

[0050] As shown in Figure 7, the initial pressure P0(TC) is the initial pressure P0 for a trainee TC in their 50s. The first pressure P1(TC) is the first pressure P1 for a trainee TC in their 50s. The second pressure P2(TC) is the second pressure P2 for a trainee TC in their 50s. The maximum pressure PM(TC) is the maximum pressure PM for a trainee TC in their 50s. The time when the first pressure is reached T1(TC) is the time when the first pressure is reached T1 for a trainee TC in their 50s. The first reaction time t0(TC) is the first reaction time t0 for a trainee TC in their 50s. The time when the second pressure is reached T2(TC) is the time when the second pressure is reached T2 for a trainee TC in their 50s. The second reaction time t1(TC) is the second reaction time t1 for a trainee TC in their 50s.

[0051] As mentioned above, Figure 7 shows the changes in grip strength across multiple age groups. For trainee TAs in their 20s, the standard slope value K(TA) for those in their 20s is calculated by the slope value calculation unit 65, based on the time from the first pressure attainment point T1(TA) to the second pressure attainment point T2(TA), and the time from the first pressure P1(TA) to the second pressure P2(TA). For trainees in their 30s, the standard slope value K(TB) for those in their 30s is calculated by the slope value calculation unit 65, based on the time from the first pressure reaching point T1(TB) to the second pressure reaching point T2(TB), and the time from the first pressure P1(TB) to the second pressure P2(TB). For trainees in their 50s, the standard gradient value K(TC) for those in their 50s is calculated by the gradient value calculation unit 65, based on the time from the first pressure attainment point T1(TC) to the second pressure attainment point T2(TC), and the time from the first pressure P1(TC) to the second pressure P2(TC). For example, the gradient value comparison unit can compare the standard gradient values ​​K(TA), standard gradient value K(TB), and standard gradient value K(TC) for multiple age groups with the gradient value calculated by the gradient value calculation unit 65 to estimate the age level of muscle response.

[0052] The gradient value comparison unit 66 of the control unit 60 can estimate the age level of the muscle response by comparing the gradient value K calculated by the gradient value calculation unit 65 with reference gradient values ​​K(TA), reference gradient value K(TB), and reference gradient value K(TC) for multiple age groups. For example, the gradient value comparison unit 66 can estimate the age level of the muscle response of the trainee T by comparing, for example, whether the gradient value K calculated by the gradient value calculation unit 65 is close to any of the reference gradient values ​​K(TA), reference gradient value K(TB), or reference gradient value K(TC), and estimating the age or period according to the closeness to the reference gradient value. The gradient value comparison unit 66 can display an index related to the age level of the muscle response. If the gradient value K calculated by the gradient value calculation unit 65 is close to the reference gradient value K(TA), the gradient value comparison unit 66 can estimate that the age level of the muscle response is in the 20s. Furthermore, the gradient value comparison unit 66 may estimate that the age level of the muscle response is around 25 years old if the gradient value K calculated by the gradient value calculation unit 65 is close to the midpoint between the reference gradient value K(TA) and the reference gradient value K(TB). In this way, the gradient value comparison unit 66 can estimate the age level or age of the muscle response. This makes it easier to convey the age level or age image of the muscle response to the training subject T.

[0053] Furthermore, as shown in Figure 7, changes in grip strength are illustrated across multiple age groups. For trainee TAs in their 20s, the reference pressure rise range L(TA), which is the pressure rise from the initial pressure P0(TA) to the maximum pressure PM(TA), is calculated by the pressure rise range measurement unit. The pressure rise range measurement unit shows that for trainees in their 20s, the reference pressure rise range L from the initial pressure P0(TA) to the maximum pressure PM(TA) is relatively large. Trainee TAs in their 20s tend to be physically younger, have greater force output as a defensive reaction, and are judged to have a relatively low possibility of injury. For trainees in their 30s (TB), the reference pressure rise range L(TB), which is the pressure rise from the initial pressure P0(TB) to the maximum pressure PM(TB), is calculated by the pressure rise measurement unit. For trainees in their 30s (TB), the reference pressure rise range L from the initial pressure P0(TB) to the maximum pressure PM(TB) is relatively large. However, the reference pressure rise range L(TB) for trainees in their 30s (TB) is smaller than the reference pressure rise range L(TA) for trainees in their 20s (TA). Thus, it can be concluded that trainees in their 30s (TB) tend to have inferior physical abilities compared to trainees in their 20s (TA), resulting in smaller force output as a defensive reaction and a relatively higher likelihood of injury. For trainees in their 50s, the reference pressure rise range L(TC), which is the pressure rise range from the initial pressure P0(TC) to the maximum pressure PM(TC), is calculated by the rise range measurement unit. The reference pressure rise range L for trainees in their 50s shows that the rise range from the initial pressure P0(TC) to the maximum pressure PM(TC) is relatively small. Furthermore, the pressure rise for trainees in their 50s shows a gradual stagnation in the rise along the way. For example, muscle output may not rise all at once, and the force may weaken slightly. For example, due to muscle weakness, the output may not reach the maximum value all at once, and it may take time for the muscle output to rise. Thus, it can be judged that trainees in their 50s tend to have even lower physical abilities compared to trainees in their 30s, resulting in smaller force output as a defensive reaction and a higher likelihood of injury. The rise range measurement unit 67 can determine that if the maximum value of muscle output is large, the possibility of reducing the risk of injury by absorbing or reducing the load with the fingers, etc., increases.

[0054] The pressure rise comparison unit 68 of the control unit 60 can estimate the muscle output level by comparing the pressure rise measured by the rise measurement unit 67 with reference pressure rise levels for multiple age groups. The pressure rise comparison unit 68 can display an index for estimating the muscle output level. The pressure rise comparison unit 68 can estimate the muscle output level by comparing the pressure rise L measured by the rise measurement unit 67 with reference pressure rise L(TA), reference pressure rise L(TB), and reference pressure rise L(TC) for multiple age groups, for example, it can estimate the age level of the muscle response. The pressure rise comparison unit 68 can determine that if the magnitude of the increase in muscle output is relatively large, for example, if the muscle output level is relatively large, the force output as a defensive reaction is large and the possibility of injury is relatively low. The pressure rise comparison unit 68 can estimate that the age level of the muscle response output is in the 20s if the pressure rise is close to the reference pressure rise L(TA) for people in their 20s. If the pressure increase is close to the midpoint between the reference pressure increase L(TB) and the reference pressure increase L(TC), the age level of the muscle response output may be estimated to be around 40 years old. In this way, the pressure increase comparison unit 68 can estimate the age level or age of the muscle response output, for example, how much muscle force can be output. This makes it easier to convey the age level or age image of the muscle response output to the trainee T.

[0055] Figure 8 shows a graph illustrating how the first reaction time t0 and the second reaction time t1 change as the number of training sessions for trainee T increases in the fall risk index measuring device 1. In Figure 8, the horizontal axis represents the number of training sessions, and the vertical axis represents time. The first reaction time t0 and the second reaction time t1 in the initial measurement, for example, the measurement of the change in grip strength of trainee T's fingers Ta with respect to the time from when the ride section 10 begins free fall due to the release of the ride section 10 by the release device, are measured corresponding to training session 0. Figure 8 shows a graph that connects the first reaction time t0 and the second reaction time t1 obtained for each training session.

[0056] This type of functional training is performed multiple times on trainee T. Even if trainee T is already familiar with the training content, the otolith organs, which sense changes in acceleration that could potentially endanger life, such as during falls or drops, trigger a reflexive defensive reaction (startle reaction). Since the reaction is difficult to consciously control, a certain level of training effect can often be expected. By repeating this physical function training at regular intervals, it is possible to train trainee T's otolith organ's ability to sense changes in acceleration, the nerve transmission function of reflexes, and the reaction function through muscle responses. These functions are spinal reflexes and muscle reactions that are faster than brain commands, and are reactions that are difficult to operate and train through brain-controlled functions in normal daily life. Therefore, this technology can train biological reflex reactions and muscle reaction functions that are normally difficult to train, and contribute to improving reflexive defensive actions during falls, etc.

[0057] The first reaction change display function unit 70 of the control unit acquires the measurement results of the first reaction time t0 by the first reaction measurement unit 61 over multiple training sessions and can display an index to show the subject how the measurement results of the first reaction time t0 by the first reaction measurement unit change according to the number of training sessions. The first reaction change display function unit displays the first reaction time t0 in the first measurement, for example, a measurement that measures the change in grip strength of the fingers Ta of the training subject T with respect to the time from when the ride unit 10 starts free fall due to the release of the ride unit 10 by the release device, corresponding to the number of training sessions 0. Subsequently, in the second measurement, the first reaction time t0 is displayed corresponding to the first measurement as the number of training sessions. The first reaction change display function unit can show the change in the first reaction time t0 according to the number of training sessions. This allows trainee T to visually confirm the improvement in their reaction time t0 through training, and to recognize the objective value of their first reaction time t0 and the trend of improvement in their first reaction time t0 through training, depending on the trainee T.

[0058] The second reaction change display function unit 71 of the control unit acquires the measurement results of the second reaction time t1 by the second reaction measurement unit 63 over multiple training cycles and can display an index to show the subject how the measurement results of the second reaction time t1 by the second reaction measurement unit change according to the number of training cycles. The second reaction change display function unit displays the second reaction time t1, which is the amount of time required to increase the output from the first pressure P1, when force begins to be applied to the fingers Ta, to the second pressure P2 due to muscle response, etc., corresponding to the number of training cycles of 0. Subsequently, in the second measurement, the second reaction time t1 is displayed corresponding to the first measurement as the number of training cycles. The second reaction change display function unit can show the change in the second reaction time t1 according to the number of training cycles. As a result, the training subject T can visually confirm the improvement in the reaction due to training in the second reaction time t1, and can also recognize what the objective value of the second reaction time t1 is and the improvement trend of the second reaction time t1 during training, according to the training subject T.

[0059] The comparison display function unit 72 of the control unit displays the measurement result of the first reaction time t0 by the first reaction change display function unit 70 and the measurement result of the second reaction time t1 by the second reaction change display function unit 71 side by side, and can display an index that shows the difference in the trends of the training results over multiple training cycles for both. In this way, it is possible to show the difference in the trends of the training results over multiple training cycles between the first reaction time t0 and the second reaction time t1, so that it is easy to grasp the difference in the degree of improvement based on the training results of the trainee T.

[0060] The first reaction time t0 is a reaction time based on a biological reflex response that senses changes in acceleration of the otolith organ, and tends to shorten relatively significantly with a relatively small number of training sessions, for example, 1 to 3 sessions. In contrast, the second reaction time t1 is a reaction time mainly related to muscle response, and tends to shorten relatively slowly after a relatively large number of training sessions, for example, 3 to 5 sessions. Therefore, the immediate effect of improvement and reduction in reaction time due to the number of training sessions is greater for the first reaction time t0 than for the second reaction time t1. Also, the first reaction time t0 is a reaction time based on a biological reflex response, and it is difficult to shorten the reaction time even if the number of training sessions is increased, whereas the second reaction time t1 is a reaction time based on muscle response, and it tends to shorten gradually and continuously with an increase in the number of training sessions. Therefore, beyond a certain number of training sessions, the second reaction time t1 can be made shorter than the first reaction time t0. Thus, the shorter the second reaction time t1 is compared to the first reaction time t0, the more it becomes possible to recognize that the second reaction time t1 has improved through training. In this way, the differences in the trends of the training results for the first reaction time t0 and the second reaction time t1 can be displayed and understood.

[0061] As described above, the control unit 60 executes a control to allow the ride unit 10 to freefall, and measures the grip strength of the fingers Ta using the pressure sensor 15. When the ride unit 10 has finished falling and the pressure measurement has finished after a certain period of time, the trainee T stands up and gets off the chair 12, and the training ends. As shown in Figure 4, after the ride unit 10 has fallen, the compressed air A in the cylinder 44 has flowed out, and the piston 45 and rod 46 are in a lowered position. The control unit 60 supplies compressed air A from the compressor 42 and raises the ride unit 10 again to its initial position, as shown in Figure 3.

[0062] The embodiments for carrying out the present invention are not limited to those described above, and further variations can be applied. Various alternative embodiments and examples will be apparent to those skilled in the art based on the disclosed technology. As a variation, the support device 20 may consist of a support mechanism such as a column or wall provided on the side of the ride section 10, and the release device 22 may consist of a release mechanism that releases the lock of the support mechanism. Such a support device 20 is configured to support the ride section 10 from the side. The support device 20 supports the ride section 10 with arms extending from the support mechanism such as a column. The arms extending from the support mechanism such as a column support the ride section 10 in a horizontally extended state. The release device 22 releases (removes) the support of the ride section 10 by the support device 20, allowing the ride section 10 to fall freely. For example, if the lock on an arm extending from a support mechanism such as a support column is released, the support from the arm is removed and the ride section 10 falls freely. Thus, the release device 22 may be configured with a release mechanism that releases the support from the arm.

[0063] An example of one embodiment of the present invention may be provided in the following embodiments.

[0064] (1) A fall risk indicator measuring device for measuring an indicator of the risk of a subject falling, comprising: a ride section on which the subject sits; a support device for supporting the ride section; a release device for releasing the support of the ride section by the support device and allowing the ride section to fall freely; a handrail section for the subject's fingers to grasp; a pressure sensor for measuring the pressure of the fingers; and a control unit, wherein the control unit comprises a first reaction measuring unit that measures a first reaction time from the time of release by the release device to the time of reaching a first pressure, based on the finger pressure value measured by the pressure sensor.

[0065] (2) The fall risk indicator measuring device according to (1), wherein the control unit comprises a second reaction measuring unit that measures a second reaction time from the point in time when the first pressure, which is 10% of the initial pressure immediately after release, reaches the point in time when the second pressure, which is 90% of the maximum pressure, reaches the point in time when the second pressure, which is 90% of the maximum pressure, based on the pressure value of the fingers measured by the pressure sensor.

[0066] (3) The fall risk indicator measuring device according to (1), wherein the control unit comprises a first fall risk evaluation unit that evaluates the fall risk by comparing the first reaction time measured by the first reaction measurement unit with a reference first reaction time.

[0067] (4) The fall risk indicator measuring device according to (2), wherein the control unit comprises a second fall risk evaluation unit that evaluates the fall risk by comparing the second reaction time measured by the second reaction measurement unit with a reference second reaction time.

[0068] (5) The fall risk index measuring device according to (2), wherein the control unit includes a slope value calculation unit that calculates a slope value obtained from the second reaction time measured by the second reaction measuring unit and the pressure rise from the first pressure to the second pressure.

[0069] (6) The fall risk index measuring device according to (5), wherein the control unit includes a slope value comparison unit that compares the slope value calculated by the slope value calculation unit with reference slope values ​​for multiple age groups and estimates the age level of the muscle response.

[0070] (7) The fall risk indicator measuring device according to (1), wherein the control unit is equipped with a pressure rise measurement unit that measures the amount of pressure rise from the initial pressure immediately after release by the release device to the maximum pressure, based on the pressure value of the fingers measured by the pressure sensor.

[0071] (8) The fall risk indicator measuring device according to (7), wherein the control unit includes a pressure increase range comparison unit that compares the pressure increase range measured by the pressure increase range measuring unit with reference pressure increase ranges for multiple age groups and estimates the muscle strength output level.

[0072] (9) The tipping risk indicator measuring device according to (1), wherein the control unit is equipped with a total reaction time measuring unit that measures the total reaction time from the time of release by the release device to the time of reaching the maximum pressure.

[0073] (10) The fall risk index measuring device according to (1), wherein the control unit acquires the measurement result of the first reaction time by the first reaction measurement unit over a plurality of training sessions, and includes a first reaction change display function unit that shows the subject how the measurement result of the first reaction time by the first reaction measurement unit changes according to the number of training sessions.

[0074] (11) The control unit includes a second reaction measuring unit that measures a second reaction time based on the pressure value of the fingers measured by the pressure sensor, from the point at which the first pressure reaches 10% of the initial pressure immediately after release, to the point at which the second pressure reaches 90% of the maximum pressure, in the pressure change from the point at which the release device releases the pressure. The fall risk index measuring device according to (1), wherein the control unit acquires the measurement results of the second reaction time by the second reaction measuring unit over a plurality of training sessions, and includes a second reaction change display function unit that shows the subject how the measurement results of the second reaction time by the second reaction measuring unit change according to the number of training sessions.

[0075] (12) The fall risk indicator measuring device according to (2), wherein the control unit includes a first reaction change display function unit that acquires the measurement results of the first reaction time by the first reaction measurement unit over a plurality of training cycles and shows the subject how the measurement results of the first reaction time by the first reaction measurement unit change according to the number of training cycles; the control unit also includes a second reaction change display function unit that acquires the measurement results of the second reaction time by the second reaction measurement unit over a plurality of training cycles and shows the subject how the measurement results of the second reaction time by the second reaction measurement unit change according to the number of training cycles; and a comparison display function unit that displays the measurement results of the first reaction time by the first reaction change display function unit and the measurement results of the second reaction time by the second reaction change display function unit side by side and shows the difference in the trends of the training results of the two over a plurality of training cycles. [Explanation of symbols]

[0076] 1: Fall risk indicator measuring device 10: Ride section 14: Handrail section 15: Pressure sensor 20: Support device 22: Release device 60: Control Unit 61: First reaction measurement section 62: First Fall Risk Assessment Department 63: Second reaction measurement section 64: Second Fall Risk Assessment Department 65: Slope Value Calculation Unit 66: Slope value comparison section 67: Measurement section for the amount of rise 68: Pressure rise comparison section 69: Total reaction time measurement unit 70: First reaction change display function unit 71: Second reaction change display function unit 72: First reaction change display function 72: Comparison display function section

Claims

1. A fall risk indicator measuring device that measures indicators related to the risk of falls of a subject, The ride section on which the aforementioned subject is placed, A support device that supports the ride portion, A release device that releases the support of the ride portion by the support device and allows the ride portion to fall freely, A handrail for the subject to grasp, A pressure sensor that measures pressure on the fingers, It comprises a control unit and, The control unit comprises a first reaction measurement unit that measures a first reaction time from the time of release by the release device to the time of reaching a first pressure, based on the pressure value of the fingers measured by the pressure sensor, and is a fall risk index measuring device.

2. The fall risk indicator measuring device according to claim 1, wherein the control unit comprises a second reaction measuring unit that measures a second reaction time from the point in time when a first pressure of 10% of the initial pressure immediately after release is reached, to the point in time when a second pressure of 90% of the maximum pressure is reached, based on the pressure value of the fingers measured by the pressure sensor, in the pressure change from the point in time when the release device is reached.

3. The fall risk indicator measuring device according to claim 1, wherein the control unit comprises a first fall risk evaluation unit that evaluates the fall risk by comparing the first reaction time measured by the first reaction measurement unit with a reference first reaction time.

4. The fall risk indicator measuring device according to claim 2, wherein the control unit comprises a second fall risk evaluation unit that evaluates the fall risk by comparing the second reaction time measured by the second reaction measurement unit with a reference second reaction time.

5. The fall risk indicator measuring device according to claim 2, wherein the control unit includes a slope value calculation unit that calculates a slope value obtained from the second reaction time measured by the second reaction measurement unit and the pressure rise from the first pressure to the second pressure.

6. The fall risk index measuring device according to claim 5, wherein the control unit includes a slope value comparison unit that compares the slope value calculated by the slope value calculation unit with reference slope values ​​for multiple age groups and estimates the age level of the muscle response.

7. The fall risk indicator measuring device according to claim 1, wherein the control unit includes a pressure rise measurement unit that measures the amount of pressure rise from the initial pressure immediately after release by the release device to the maximum pressure, based on the pressure value of the fingers measured by the pressure sensor.

8. The fall risk indicator measuring device according to claim 7, wherein the control unit includes a pressure increase range comparison unit that compares the pressure increase range measured by the pressure increase range measuring unit with reference pressure increase ranges for multiple time periods and estimates the muscle strength output level.

9. The tipping risk indicator measuring device according to claim 1, wherein the control unit includes a total reaction time measuring unit that measures the total reaction time from the time of release by the release device to the time of reaching the maximum pressure.

10. The fall risk index measuring device according to claim 1, wherein the control unit acquires the measurement result of the first reaction time by the first reaction measurement unit over a plurality of training cycles, and includes a first reaction change display function unit that shows the subject how the measurement result of the first reaction time by the first reaction measurement unit changes according to the number of training cycles.

11. The control unit includes a second reaction measurement unit that measures a second reaction time based on the pressure value of the fingers measured by the pressure sensor, from the point at which the first pressure (10% of the initial pressure immediately after release) reaches the point at which the second pressure (90% of the maximum pressure) reaches the pressure change from the release point by the release device, The fall risk index measuring device according to claim 1, wherein the control unit acquires the measurement results of the second reaction time by the second reaction measuring unit over a plurality of training cycles, and includes a second reaction change display function unit that shows the subject how the measurement results of the second reaction time by the second reaction measuring unit change according to the number of training cycles.

12. The control unit acquires the measurement results of the first reaction time by the first reaction measurement unit over multiple training cycles, and includes a first reaction change display function unit that shows the subject how the measurement results of the first reaction time by the first reaction measurement unit change according to the number of training cycles, The control unit acquires the measurement results of the second reaction time by the second reaction measurement unit over multiple training cycles, and includes a second reaction change display function that shows the subject how the measurement results of the second reaction time by the second reaction measurement unit change according to the number of training cycles, The fall risk index measuring device according to claim 2, further comprising a comparison display function that displays side by side the measurement result of the first reaction time by the first reaction change display function and the measurement result of the second reaction time by the second reaction change display function, and shows the difference in the trends of the training results over multiple training cycles for both.

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