Systems, methods, and devices for RRM measurement for OD-ssb
The introduction of RRM techniques for UE to request and measure OD-SSB from SCell addresses the lack of effective solutions in current wireless communication technologies, enhancing network performance through adaptive RRM measurements.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- WO · WO
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- APPLE INC
- Filing Date
- 2024-11-07
- Publication Date
- 2026-05-15
AI Technical Summary
Current wireless communication technologies lack effective solutions for measuring and reporting signals based on on-demand synchronization signal blocks (OD-SSB) in wireless communication networks, particularly in scenarios involving user equipment (UE) and network devices like base stations.
The implementation of radio resource management (RRM) techniques that enable UE to request and measure on-demand synchronization signal blocks (OD-SSB) from secondary cells (SCell) using configuration information and measurement objects (MO), allowing for dynamic activation and deactivation of OD-SSB measurements and reporting.
Enables efficient and adaptive RRM measurements by allowing UE to request and measure OD-SSB, improving network performance and resource management in dynamic wireless communication environments.
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Figure CN2024130576_15052026_PF_FP_ABST
Abstract
Description
SYSTEMS, METHODS, AND DEVICES FOR RRM MEASUREMENT FOR OD-SSBFIELD
[0001] This disclosure relates to wireless communication networks and mobile device capabilities.BACKGROUND
[0002] Wireless communication networks and wireless communication services are becoming increasingly dynamic, complex, and ubiquitous. For example, some wireless communication networks can be developed to implement fifth generation (5G) or new radio (NR) technology, sixth generation (6G) technology, and so on. Such technology can include solutions for enabling user equipment (UE) and network devices, such as base stations, to communicate with one another.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0003] The present disclosure will be readily understood and enabled by the detailed description and accompanying figures of the drawings. Like reference numerals can designate like features and structural elements. Figures and corresponding descriptions are provided as non-limiting examples of aspects, implementations, etc., of the present disclosure, and references to "an" or “one” aspect, implementation, etc., may not necessarily refer to the same aspect, implementation, etc., and can mean at least one, one or more, etc.
[0004] Fig. 1 is a diagram of an example environment according to one or more implementations described herein.
[0005] Fig. 2 is a diagram of an example of a master cell group (MCG) and a secondary cell group (SCG) according to one or more implementations described herein.
[0006] Fig. 3 is a diagram of an example of a process for radio resource management (RRM) measurement with always-on system information blocks (SIB) and on-demand (OD) SIB (OD-SIB) according to one or more implementations described herein.
[0007] Fig. 4 is a diagram of an example of arrangements of always-on SSBs of a primary cell (PCell) and OD-SSBs of a secondary cell (SCell) according to one or more implementations described herein.
[0008] Fig. 5 is a diagram of an example of an information for an OD-SSB measurement object (MO) according to one or more implementations described herein.
[0009] Fig. 6 is a diagram of an example of control information for OD-SSB MO activation and deactivation according to one or more implementations described herein.
[0010] Fig. 7 is a diagram of an example of downlink (DL) control information (DCI) for OD-SSB MO activation and deactivation according to one or more implementations described herein.
[0011] Fig. 8 is a diagram of an example of information for reporting measurement results based on an OD-SSB according to one or more implementations described herein.
[0012] Fig. 9 is a diagram of an example of components of a device according to one or more implementations described herein.
[0013] Fig. 10 is a diagram of example interfaces of baseband circuitry according to one or more implementations described herein.
[0014] Fig. 11 is a block diagram illustrating components, according to one or more implementations described herein, able to read instructions from a machine-readable or computer-readable medium (e.g., a non-transitory machine-readable storage medium) and perform any one or more of the methodologies discussed herein.
[0015] Fig. 12 is a diagram of an example process for RRM measurement with always-on SSB and OD-SSB according to one or more implementations described herein.
[0016] Fig. 13 is a diagram of an example process for RRM measurement with always-on SSB and OD-SSB according to one or more implementations described herein.
[0017] Fig. 14 is a diagram of an example process for RRM measurement with always-on SSB and OD-SSB according to one or more implementations described herein.
[0018] Fig. 15 is a diagram of an example process for RRM measurement with always-on SSB and OD-SSB according to one or more implementations described herein.DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0019] The following detailed description refers to the accompanying drawings. Like reference numbers in different drawings can identify the same or similar features, elements, operations, etc. Additionally, the present disclosure is not limited to the following description as other implementations can be utilized, and structural or logical changes made, without departing from the scope of the present disclosure.
[0020] Wireless communication networks can include user equipment (UE) capable of communicating with base stations and / or other network devices. A base station can provide a UE with configuration information for measuring one or more signals transmitted by the base station and for reporting the measurements to the base station. The signal can include a synchronization signal block (SSB) from a serving base station and / or a neighboring base station.
[0021] The measurement and reporting can correspond to a particular protocol layer (e.g., a third layer (L3) implemented to enable communications between the UE and the base station. L3 can refer to a radio resource control (RRC) layer used to implement the measurement and reporting of signals by the UE measurement. L3 measurement, L3 reporting, etc., can refer to configuration information, signaling, and reporting techniques implemented at an RRC layer. The measurement and reporting of signals can be part of radio resource management (RRM) implemented between the UE and base station. RRM can involve techniques for allocation and utilization of radio resources to ensure suitable performance, reliability, and quality of service. RRM can pertain to managing a radio frequency spectrum, coordinating connections between a UE and base stations, and adapting to network conditions.
[0022] Currently available technologies can include solutions for measuring and reporting signals based on an always-on SSB. An always-on SSB can refer to an SSB that is transmitted by a base station according to a particular schedule. Such technologies fail to provide any, or adequate, solutions for measuring signals and reporting measurements based on an on-demand (OD) SSB (OD-SSB) . An OD-SSB can include an SSB transmitted by a base station in response to receiving a request for the SSB from the UE.
[0023] One or more of the techniques described herein include solutions for radio resource management (RRM) measurement based on an OD-SSB. A primary cell (PCell) can provide a user equipment (UE) with configuration information to enable the UE to request an OD-SSB from a secondary cell (SCell) , and to measure signaling from the SCell based on the OD-SSB. The measurement can be an L3 measurement and the configuration information can include a corresponding measurement object (MO) .
[0024] An MO can include information (e.g., configuration information) that indicates or specifics what is to be measured. The MO can indicate a cell-specific timing, offsets, and periodicities for one or more cells. The MO can also, or alternatively, indicate one or more cells to be ignored for measurement purposes, one or more cells to be measured, and / or one or more other types of information related to L3 measurement and reporting. An MO can correspond to measuring and reporting measurements associated with an OD-SSB and / or an always-on SSB.
[0025] A MO associated with an OD-SSB (e.g., an OD-SSB MO) can use the same, or different, frequency resources as an MO associated with an always-on SSB. In some implementations, a cell can be configured to only communicate OD-SSB (instead of an always-on SSB) . Periodicities of the MOs for OD-SSB and always-on SSB can be different, and the MOs can have the same, or different, offsets. The MO of the OD-SSB can be activated and deactivated, and measurement results can be reported. These and many other features and examples are described herein.
[0026] Fig. 1 is an example environment 100 in which one or more of the techniques described herein can be implemented. Example environment 100 can include UEs 110-1, 110-2, etc. (referred to collectively as “UEs 110” and individually as “UE 110” ) , a radio access network (RAN) 120, a core network (CN) 130, application servers 140, external networks 150.
[0027] The systems and devices of example environment 100 can operate in accordance with one or more communication standards, such as 2nd generation (2G) , 3rd generation (3G) , 4th generation (4G) (e.g., long-term evolution (LTE) ) , and / or 5th generation (5G) (e.g., new radio (NR) ) communication standards of the 3rd generation partnership project (3GPP) . Additionally, or alternatively, one or more of the systems and devices of example environment 100 can operate in accordance with other communication standards and protocols discussed herein, including future versions or generations of 3GPP standards (e.g., sixth generation (6G) standards, seventh generation (7G) standards, etc. ) , institute of electrical and electronics engineers (IEEE) standards, and more.
[0028] As shown, UEs 110 can include smartphones (e.g., handheld touchscreen mobile computing devices connectable to one or more wireless communication networks) . Additionally, or alternatively, UEs 110 can include other types of mobile or non-mobile computing devices capable of wireless communications, such as personal data assistants (PDAs) , pagers, laptop computers, desktop computers, wireless handsets, etc. In some implementations, UEs 110 can include Internet of Things (IoT) devices (or IoT UEs) that can implement narrowband (NB) communications and that can comprise, for example, a network access layer designed for low-power IoT applications utilizing short-lived UE connections.
[0029] Additionally, or alternatively, an IoT UE can utilize one or more types of technologies, such as machine-to-machine (M2M) communications or machine-type communications (MTC) (e.g., to exchanging data with an MTC server or other device via a public land mobile network (PLMN) ) , proximity-based service (ProSe) or device-to-device (D2D) communications, sensor networks, IoT networks, and more. Depending on the scenario, an M2M or MTC exchange of data can be a machine-initiated exchange, and an IoT network can include interconnecting IoT UEs (which can include uniquely identifiable embedded computing devices within an Internet infrastructure) with short-lived connections. In some scenarios, IoT UEs can execute background applications (e.g., keep-alive messages, status updates, etc. ) to facilitate the connections of the IoT network.
[0030] UEs 110 can communicate and establish a connection with one or more other UEs 110 via one or more wireless channels 112, each of which can comprise a physical communications interface / layer. The connection can include an M2M connection, MTC connection, D2D connection, SL connection, etc. The connection can involve a PC5 interface. In some implementations, UEs 110 can be configured to discover one another, negotiate wireless resources between one another, and establish connections between one another, without intervention or communications involving RAN node 122 or another type of network node. In some implementations, discovery, authentication, resource negotiation, registration, etc., can involve communications with RAN node 122 or another type of network node.
[0031] UEs 110 can communicate and establish a connection with RAN 120, which can involve one or more wireless channels 114-1 and 114-2, each of which can comprise a physical communications interface / layer. In some implementations, a UE can be configured with dual connectivity (DC) as a multi-radio access technology (multi-RAT) or multi-radio dual connectivity (MR-DC) , where a multiple receive and transmit (Rx / Tx) capable UE can use resources provided by different network nodes (e.g., 122-1 and 122-2) that can be connected via non-ideal backhaul (e.g., where one network node provides NR access and the other network node provides either E-UTRA for LTE or NR access for 5G) . A network node can be referred to herein as a base station 122. In such a scenario, one network node can operate as a master node (MN) and the other as the secondary node (SN) . The MN and SN can be connected via a network interface, and at least the MN can be connected to the CN 130. In some implementations, a base station (as described herein) can be an example of network node 122. In some scenarios, RAN 120 can coordinate with core network 130 via interfaces 124, 126, and / or 128.
[0032] As shown, UE 110 can also, or alternatively, connect to access point (AP) 116 via connection interface 118, which can include an air interface enabling UE 110 to communicatively couple with AP 116. AP 116 can comprise a wireless local area network (WLAN) , WLAN node, WLAN termination point, etc. The connection 116 can comprise a local wireless connection, such as a connection consistent with any IEEE 702.11 protocol, and AP 116 can comprise a wireless fidelity router or other access point device. While not explicitly depicted in Fig. 1, AP 116 can be connected to another network (e.g., the Internet) without connecting to RAN 120 or CN 130.
[0033] One or more of the techniques described herein include solutions for RRM measurement based on an OD-SSB. A PCell can provide UE 110 with configuration information to enable the UE 110 to request an OD-SSB from a SCell, and to measure signaling from the SCell based on the OD-SSB. The measurement can be a L3 measurement and the configuration information can include a corresponding MO, which can share the same SSB frequency or a different SSB frequency as an MO corresponding to an always-on SSB. Periodicities of the MOs can vary, and the MOs can have the same, or different, offsets. The MO of the OD-SSB can be activated and deactivated, and measurement results can be reported. Many other aspects and examples are also described herein.
[0034] RAN 120 can include one or more RAN nodes 122-1 and 122-2 (referred to collectively as RAN nodes 122, and individually as RAN node 122) that enable channels 114-1 and 114-2 to be established between UEs 110 and RAN 120. RAN nodes 122 can include network access points configured to provide radio baseband functions for data and / or voice connectivity between users and the network based on one or more of the communication technologies described herein (e.g., 1G, 3G, 4G, 5G, WiFi, etc. ) . As examples therefore, a RAN node can be an E-UTRAN Node B (e.g., an enhanced Node B, eNodeB, eNB, 4G base station, etc. ) , a next generation base station (e.g., a 5G base station, NR base station, next generation eNBs (gNB) , etc. ) . RAN nodes 122 can include a roadside unit (RSU) , a transmission reception point (TRxP or TRP) , and one or more other types of ground stations (e.g., terrestrial access points) . In some scenarios, RAN node 122 can be a dedicated physical device, such as a macrocell base station, and / or a low power (LP) base station for providing femtocells, picocells or the like having smaller coverage areas, smaller user capacity, or higher bandwidth compared to macrocells. A RAN node can generally be referred to herein as base station 122.
[0035] Some or all of RAN nodes 122, or portions thereof, can be implemented as one or more software entities running on server computers as part of a virtual network, which can be referred to as a centralized RAN (CRAN) and / or a virtual baseband unit pool (vBBUP) . In these implementations, the CRAN or vBBUP can implement a RAN function split, such as a packet data convergence protocol (PDCP) split wherein radio resource control (RRC) and PDCP layers can be operated by the CRAN / vBBUP and other Layer 1 (L2) protocol entities can be operated by individual RAN nodes 122; a media access control (MAC) / physical (PHY) layer split wherein RRC, PDCP, radio link control (RLC) , and MAC layers can be operated by the CRAN / vBBUP and the PHY layer can be operated by individual RAN nodes 122; or a “lower PHY” split wherein RRC, PDCP, RLC, MAC layers and upper portions of the PHY layer can be operated by the CRAN / vBBUP and lower portions of the PHY layer can be operated by individual RAN nodes 122. This virtualized framework can allow freed-up processor cores of RAN nodes 122 to perform or execute other virtualized applications.
[0036] In some implementations, an individual RAN node 122 can represent individual gNB-distributed units (DUs) connected to a gNB-control unit (CU) via individual F1 or other interfaces. In such implementations, the gNB-DUs can include one or more remote radio heads or radio frequency (RF) front end modules (RFEMs) , and the gNB-CU can be operated by a server (not shown) located in RAN 120 or by a server pool (e.g., a group of servers configured to share resources) in a similar manner as the CRAN / vBBUP. Additionally, or alternatively, one or more of RAN nodes 122 can be next generation eNBs (i.e., gNBs) that can provide evolved universal terrestrial radio access (E-UTRA) user plane and control plane protocol terminations toward UEs 110, and that can be connected to a 5G core network (5GC) 130 via an NG interface.
[0037] Any of the RAN nodes 122 can terminate an air interface protocol and can be the first point of contact for UEs 110. In some implementations, any of the RAN nodes 122 can fulfill various logical functions for the RAN 120 including, but not limited to, radio network controller (RNC) functions such as radio bearer management, uplink and downlink dynamic radio resource management and data packet scheduling, and mobility management. UEs 110 can be configured to communicate using orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) communication signals with each other or with any of the RAN nodes 122 over a multicarrier communication channel in accordance with various communication techniques, such as, but not limited to, an OFDMA communication technique (e.g., for downlink communications) or a single carrier frequency-division multiple access (SC-FDMA) communication technique (e.g., for uplink and ProSe or sidelink (SL) communications) , although the scope of such implementations may not be limited in this regard. The OFDM signals can comprise a plurality of orthogonal subcarriers.
[0038] In some implementations, a downlink resource grid can be used for downlink transmissions from any of the RAN nodes 122 to UEs 110, and uplink transmissions can utilize similar techniques. The grid can be a time-frequency grid (e.g., a resource grid or time-frequency resource grid) that represents the physical resource for downlink in each slot. Such a time-frequency plane representation is a common practice for OFDM systems, which makes it intuitive for radio resource allocation. Each column and each row of the resource grid corresponds to one OFDM symbol and one OFDM subcarrier, respectively. The duration of the resource grid in the time domain corresponds to one slot in a radio frame. The smallest time-frequency unit in a resource grid is denoted as a resource element. Each resource grid comprises resource blocks, which describe the mapping of certain physical channels to resource elements (REs) . Each resource block can comprise a collection of resource elements; in the frequency domain, this can represent the smallest quantity of resources that currently can be allocated. There are several different physical downlink channels that are conveyed using such resource blocks.
[0039] Further, RAN nodes 122 can be configured to wirelessly communicate with UEs 110, and / or one another, over a licensed medium (also referred to as the “licensed spectrum” and / or the “licensed band” ) , an unlicensed shared medium (also referred to as the “unlicensed spectrum” and / or the “unlicensed band” ) , or combination thereof. A licensed spectrum can correspond to channels or frequency bands selected, reserved, regulated, etc., for certain types of wireless activity (e.g., wireless telecommunication network activity) , whereas an unlicensed spectrum can correspond to one or more frequency bands that are not restricted for certain types of wireless activity.
[0040] The PDSCH can carry user data and higher layer signaling to UEs 110. The physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) can carry information about the transport format and resource allocations related to the PDSCH channel, among other things. The PDCCH can also inform UEs 110 about the transport format, resource allocation, and hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) information related to the uplink shared channel. Typically, downlink scheduling (e.g., assigning control and shared channel resource blocks to UE 110 within a cell) can be performed at any of the RAN nodes 122 based on channel quality information feedback from any of UEs 110. The downlink resource assignment information can be sent on the PDCCH used for (e.g., assigned to) each of UEs 110.
[0041] The RAN nodes 122 can be configured to communicate with one another via interface 123. In implementations where the system is an LTE system, interface 123 can be an X2 interface. In NR systems, interface 123 can be an Xn interface. The X2 interface can be defined between two or more RAN nodes 122 (e.g., two or more eNBs / gNBs or a combination thereof) that connect to evolved packet core (EPC) or CN 130, or between two eNBs connecting to an EPC.
[0042] As shown, RAN 120 can be connected (e.g., communicatively coupled) to CN 130. CN 130 can comprise a plurality of network elements 132, which are configured to offer various data and telecommunications services to customers / subscribers (e.g., users of UEs 110) who are connected to the CN 130 via the RAN 120. In some implementations, CN 130 can include an evolved packet core (EPC) , a 5G CN (5GC) , and / or one or more additional or alternative types of CNs.
[0043] As shown, CN 130, application servers 140, and external networks 150 can be connected to one another via interfaces 134, 136, and 138, which can include IP network interfaces. Application servers 140 can include one or more server devices or network elements (e.g., virtual network functions (VNFs) offering applications that use IP bearer resources with CN 130 (e.g., universal mobile telecommunications system packet services (UMTS PS) domain, LTE PS data services, etc. ) . Application servers 140 can also, or alternatively, be configured to support one or more communication services (e.g., voice over IP (VoIP sessions, push-to-talk (PTT) sessions, group communication sessions, social networking services, etc. ) for UEs 110 via the CN 130. Similarly, external networks 150 can include one or more of a variety of networks, including the Internet, thereby providing the mobile communication network and UEs 110 of the network access to a variety of additional services, information, interconnectivity, and other network features.
[0044] Fig. 2 is a diagram of an example 200 of a master cell group (MCG) 210 and a secondary cell group (SCG) 220 according to one or more implementations described herein. An MCG can include a group of cells associated with a master node, comprising a PCell and one or more SCells. An SCG can include a group of serving cells associated with a secondary node, comprising a primary cell of the secondary cell group (PSCell) and optionally one or more SCells. MCG 210 and SCG 220 can each be implemented by one or more base station 122 and / or another type of RAN node or access point.
[0045] MCG 210 can be implemented by one or more base stations 122 and can include one or more layers. Examples of such layers can include a PDCP layer, an RLC layer, a MAC layer, and multiple PHY layers. Each PHY layer can correspond to a different implementation of a cell with respect to UE 110. Additionally, or alternatively, the PHY layers can operate in combination (e.g., be managed, controlled by, etc. ) the PDCP, RLC, and MAC layers. In some implementations, one PHY layer 240 can operate as a PCell or a special cell (SpCell) and other PHY layers 242 and 244 can operate as SCells to the PCell.
[0046] SCG 220 can include multiple layers as well, including an RLC layer, a MAC layer, and multiple PHY layers 250, 252, and 254. SCG 220 may not include a PDCP layer, but instead can rely on the PDCP layer of MCG 210 via connection 230. Similar to the PHY layers of MCG 210, the PHY layers of SCG 220 can each function or operate as a cell with respect to UE 110. In some implementations, one PHY layer 250 can operate as a primary cell (PCell) to PHY layers 252 and 254, which can operate as secondary cells to the PCell of PHY layer 250. Additionally, MCG 210 and SCG 220 can each include a PCell (e.g., 240 and 250) , and a PCell can be referred to herein as a special cell or special primary cell, represented as SpCell. Further, a SCell, of either MCG 210 or SCG 220, can operate as a scheduling secondary cell (sSCell) configured to provide configuration, scheduling, activation, deactivation, and other functions or commands toward a SpCell of either MCG 210 or SCG 220.
[0047] MCG 210 and SCG 220 can be involved in a dual connectivity scenario with UE 110, in which case a random access channel (RACH) procedure, and the like, can be directed to MCG 210. MCG 210 and SCG 220 can also implement a standalone (SA) and / or a non-standalone (NSA) network environment for UE 110. In a SA network environment, MCG 210 and SCG 220 can communicate with UE 110 using 5G NR communication standards, 6G communications standards, and more. In an NSA network environment, MCG 210 and SCG 220 can communicate with UE 110 using a combination of 4G LTE, 5G NR, and 6G communication standards. Carrier aggregation can include a scenario in which UE 110 aggregates component carriers from a PCell under MCG 210 and an SCell under MCG 210. Dual connectivity can include a scenario in which UE 110 connects to cells under MCG 210 and SCG 220.
[0048] Fig. 3 is a diagram of an example of a process 300 for radio resource management (RRM) measurement with always-on system information blocks (SIB) and on-demand (OD) SIB (OD-SIB) according to one or more implementations described herein. As shown, process 300 be performed by UE 110, RAN 120-1, and RAN 120-2. RAN 120-1 and RAN 120-2 can be implemented as one or more base stations 122 or another type of network access point. RAN 120-1 can be a primary cell (PCell) with respect to UE 110, and RAN 120-2 can be a secondary cell (SCell) with respect to UE 110. RAN 120-1 and / or RAN 120-2 can be a network energy saving (NES) cell. Operations described as being performed by UE 110, RAN 120-1, and / or RAN 120-2 can be performed, at least in part, by baseband circuitry of UE 110, RAN 120-1, and / or RAN 120-2.
[0049] Some or all of process 300 can be performed by one or more other systems or devices, including one or more of the devices of Fig. 1. Additionally, process 300 can include one or more fewer, additional, differently ordered, and / or arranged operations than those shown in Fig. 3. Some or all of the operations of process 300 can be performed independently, successively, simultaneously, etc., of one or more of the other operations of process 300. As such, the techniques described herein are not limited to the number, sequence, arrangement, timing, etc., of the operations or processes depicted in Fig. 3.
[0050] As shown, process 300 can include RAN 120-1 providing UE 110 with configuration information (at 310) . The configuration information can include information to enable UE 110 to communicate with RAN 120-2. The configuration information can include information to enable UE 110 to add RAN 120-2 as a SCell and / or activate RAN 120-2 as a SCell. The configuration information can information to enable UE 110 to send a request to RAN 120-2 for an OD-SSB and / or receive an OD-SSB from RAN 120-2. The configuration information can information (e.g., an MO) to enable UE 110 to request, obtain, measure, and / or report measurements of an OD-SSB from SCell.
[0051] The configuration information can include information to cause or enable UE 110 to report the measurements of the OD-SSB to RAN 120-1, RAN 120-2, and / or RAN 120-1 and RAN 120-2. The configuration information can also include an MO for always-on SSBs of RAN 120-2. The configuration information can also include instructions and / or information for activating an OD-SSB MO, deactivating an OD-SSB MO, activating an always-on MO, deactivating an always-on MO, and / or one or more types of information. In some implementations, RAN 110-1 can communicate with UE 110 using a separate signal and / or message (e.g., RRC message, downlink control information (DCI) , etc. ) for activation and / or deactivation of an MO (at 320) .
[0052] Process 300 can include UE 110 sending a request to RAN 120-2 for an OD-SSB (at 320) . UE 110 can send the request based on the configuration information from RAN 110-1. The request can be for one OD-SSB or multiple OD-SSBs, which can be in accordance with a corresponding MO. An MO associated with one or more OD-SSBs can be referred to as a dedicated MO. Additionally, or alternatively, UE 110 can send the request as part of, or in combination with, an uplink wake-up signal (WUS) or another type of UL signal or message, which can include an RRC message.
[0053] Process 300 can include UE 110 receiving an always-on SSB from RAN 120-1 and / or RAN 120-2 (at 340 , 350, 370, and 380) . RAN 120-1 and / or RAN 120-2 can send an always-on SSB according to a pre-selected schedule and / or pre-selected frequency resources. UE 110 can measure and / or report the measurement of an always-on SSB to RAN 120-1 and / or RAN 120-2 (at 390) . The measurement can include one or more types of RRM measurement. Measuring an OD-SSB can include measuring a characteristic of a reference signal (RS) associated with the OD-SSB. The measurement can include, or relate to, a signal strength, received signal reference power (RSRP) , received signal reference quality (RSRQ) , signal-to-noise ratio (SNIR) , received signal strength indicator (RSSI) , and / or one or more other types of characteristics of a signal. Reporting the measurement can include determining a characteristic of a measured signal, generating a measurement report, and communicating the measurement report to RAN 120-1 and / or RAN 120-2. The measurement report can include one or more characteristics of a signal associated with the OD-SSB. In some implementations, always-on SSBs can be sent by RAN 120-1 and RAN 120-2 using the same, overlapping, or different time and / or frequency resources.
[0054] Process 300 can include UE 110 receiving and / or measuring an OD-SSB from RAN 120-2 (at 360) . In some implementations, RAN 120-2 can be configured to send multiple OD-SSBs according to one or more parameters associated with time domain resources, indicated as a start time, periodicity, offset, and so on. In some implementations, RAN 120-2 can be configured to send an always-on SSB and an OD-SSB using the same, overlapping, or different time and / or frequency resources. In some implementations, RAN 120-2 may not be configured to communicate an always-on SSB. Process 300 can include UE 110 reporting one or more OD-SSB measurements to RAN 120-1 and / or RAN 120-2 (at 390) . Process 300 can also, or alternatively, include RAN 110-1 communicating with UE 110 using to deactivate an OD-SSB MO (at 395) . RAN 110-2 can do so using an RRC message, DCI, and / or another type of downlink message or signal.
[0055] Fig. 4 is a diagram of an example 400 of arrangements of always-on SSBs of a primary cell (PCell) and OD-SSBs of a secondary cell (SCell) according to one or more implementations described herein. As shown, example 400 includes implementation 410, implementation 420, and implementation 430, each of which includes a PCell and an SCell configured to periodically communicate an always-on SSB to UE 110 (not shown) . As described herein, UE 110 can implement measurement of signals from a cell using a dedicated MO for L3 measurements of one or more OD-SSBs.
[0056] Referring to implementation 410, the SCell can also, or alternatively, be configured to communicate OD-SSBs using the same carrier frequency and offset as the always-on SSB of the SCell but a different periodicity. Referring to implementation 420, the SCell can be configured to communicate OD-SSBs using the same carrier frequency as the always-on SSB of the SCell but a different offset and periodicity as the always-on SSB of the SCell. Referring to implementation 430, the SCell can be configured to communicate always-on SSBs and OD-SSBs using different carrier frequencies. The SCell can also, or alternatively, communicate the always-on SSBs and OD-SSBs using the same, or different, offset as well as the same, or different, periodicity.
[0057] While not shown, in some implementations, SCell may not be configured to communicate an always-on SSB but can still be configured to communicate OD-SSBs. In such a scenario, configuration information associated with a PCell (e.g., an ServingCellMO IE) may not be used to configure UE 110 for OD-SSB measurement and reporting for SCell. Instead, UE 110 can be configured to perform measurement and reporting based on a dedicated OD-SSB MO, which can involve different configuration information (e.g., instead of an ServingCellMO IE) . Additionally, or alternatively, configuration information associated with a PCell (e.g., an ServingCellMO IE) can be used to configure UE 110 for dedicated OD-SSB MO. In such an implementation, UE 110 can be configured to refrain from L3 measurements towards the configured ServingCellMO IE (e.g., for the dedicated OD-SSB MO) when the dedicated OD-SSB MO is deactivated. Default measurement and reporting procedures (e.g., those not directed to a dedicated OD-SSB MO) can be configured by, and performed in accordance with, an ServingCellMO IE.
[0058] Fig. 5 is a diagram of an example 500 of an information for an OD-SSB measurement object (MO) according to one or more implementations described herein. Example 500 can include an MO for L3 measurement of OD-SSB. The MO can include a dedicated MO and can use (or share) the same SSB frequency or a different SSB frequency with an MO of an always-on SSB. The dedicated MO can be dynamically activated or deactivated via explicit signaling or implicit signaling.
[0059] Explicit signaling can include radio resource control (RRC) signaling and / or downlink control information (DCI) signaling. Implicit signaling (e.g., to activate) can include, for example, UE 110 receiving configuration information, from a PCell, for requesting an OD-SSB from an SCell. Implicit signaling (e.g., to deactivate) can include UE 110 measuring SCell signaling and / or reporting a signal measurement. The separate MOs between always-on SSBs and OD-SSBs can ensure that only one type of SSB (e.g., either always-on SSBs or OD-SSBs) is measured in one instance of L3 measurement but not both. The resulting measurement can be treated and / or reported as a measurement for both. Reporting the measurement can include one report for both types of SSBs or separate reports (with the same measurement) for each type of SSB.
[0060] Referring to Fig. 5, RRC signaling can include a MO (e.g., MeasObjectNR) for L3 measurement of OD-SSB. The MO of example 500 can share the same SSB frequency with the MO of always-on SSB. This can be applicable to implementations 410 and / or 420 described above. To address a difference in SSB periodicity between the always-on SSB and the OD-SSB, a different SSB based measurement timing configuration SMTC (e.g., SMTC1 in example 500) can be configured. In some implementations, such as implementation 430 described above, the difference in SSB periodicity between the always-on SSB and the OD-SSB can also, or alternatively, be addressed by using different carrier frequencies (also referred to as SSB frequencies) . As shown, the MO can include an indication (e.g., an odssb information element (IE) ) to indicate this is the dedicated MO for OD-SSB. The MO can also, or alternative, include a serving cell index (e.g., a servCellIndex IE) that can indicate the source of the MO, an always-on SSB, and / or an OD-SSB. The serving cell index can include a value, of a range of values (e.g., 1-7) associated with the SCell, which can be referred to as a secondary serving cell. The serving cell index can be different than a cell index value (e.g., 0) associated with the PCell. The serving cell index can include information identifying a base station 122 operating as an SCell. for UE 110.
[0061] Fig. 6 is a diagram of an example 600 of control information for activation and deactivation of an OD-SSB MO according to one or more implementations described herein. An MO can include a data structure or IE to cause or enable UE 110 to request, receive, and / or measure an OD-SSB. The MO can be a dedicated or additional MO that is specific to OD-SSB measurement (e.g., as opposed to measurement of an always-on SSB) . The dedicated OD-SSB MO can include a measurement ID (e.g., a MeasID IE) that is associated with a dedicated MO (e.g., MeasObjectNR IE) with an instance of report configuration information (e.g., a ReportConfigNR IE) .
[0062] Example 600 can include a mechanism to enable dynamic OD-SSB MO activation and / or deactivation. The mechanism can enable fast adaptation of OD-SSB measurement and reporting by UE 110. The MO (e.g., the OD-SSB MO) can be activated and / or deactivated via explicit signaling and / or implicit signaling. Explicit signaling can include a MAC control element (MAC-CE) or DCI that includes an indication or instruction to activate or deactivate a particular, or corresponding, MO. Implicit signaling (e.g., to deactivate) can include UE 110 measuring SCell signaling and / or reporting a signal measurement.
[0063] As shown, example 600 can include a data structure that comprises an octet (e.g., Oct 1) of 1-bit fields. The 1-bit fields can include, or be referred to, as B7, B6, B5, B4, B3, B2, B1, and bit R. Bit R can be a reserved bit. One or more, including any combination, of 1-bit fields of the octet can be used to indicate OD-SSB MO activation and / or deactivation.
[0064] An OD-SSB MO can include, or be associated, with a logical channel ID (LCID) or an enhanced LCID (eLCID) . When there is an SCell configured for a MAC entity with an SCell index (e.g., an SCellIndex i IE) , the SCell index field can indicate the activation / deactivation status of a dedicated OD-SSB MO in the SCell. Otherwise, the MAC entity or instance can ignore the 1-bit field corresponding to the SCell index (e.g., the Bi field) . The Bi field can be set to 1 to indicate that a dedicated OD-SSB MO of the SCell and associated with SCellIndex i is to be activated. The Bi field can be set to 0 to indicate that the dedicated OD-SSB MO with SCellIndex i is to be deactivated. The value of i can be an index value. The R bit can be set to 0.
[0065] Fig. 7 is a diagram of an example 700 of downlink (DL) control information (DCI) for OD-SSB MO activation and deactivation according to one or more implementations described herein. As shown, example 700 can include block 1, block 2, and block 3, each of which is separated from the other by one or more bits. Each block can correspond to a cell (e.g., serving cell 1, serving cell 2, serving cell 3, and so on. ) . Each block can be arranged according to a positionInDCI-cellDTRX IE for the cell. Example 7 can be implemented within the context (e.g., an octet of example 600 of Fig. 6.
[0066] Block 1 can include 3 or more bits that correspond to different types of indicators. A value of 1 or 0 can indicate whether a corresponding feature (e.g., DTX, DRX, etc. ) is enabled or disabled. The indicators can be arranged as a first bit, second bit, third bit, and so on. For example, block 1 can include a 1-bit indication of discontinuous transmission (DTX) for a cell, a 1-bit indication of discontinuous reception (DTX) for the cell, 1-bit indication of NES conditional handover (CHO) , and 1-bit indication of direct mode operation (DMO) for the cell. Block 2 can include a 1-bit indication of DTX for a cell, a 1-bit indication of NES CHO for the cell, and a 1-bit indication of DMO for the cell. Block 3 can include a 1-bit indication of DRX for a cell, a 1-bit indication of NES CHO for the cell, and a 1-bit indication of DMO for the cell. Block 1 can correspond to a cell with DTX and DRX, block 2 can correspond to a cell with DTX, and block 3 can correspond to a cell with DRX. Each block can be represented in a data structure that comprises one or more octet of bits.
[0067] Example 700 can correspond to a field of DCI. The DCI can be arranged according to one or more DCI formats, such as one or more of DCI formats 2-9. If a 1-bit value is set to 1, the value activates (or indicates the activation of) the dedicated OD-SSB MO in the concerned serving cell associated with the Block. If a 1-bit value is set to 0, the value deactivates (or indicates the deactivation of) the dedicated OD-SSB MO in the concerned serving cell belonging to the Block. UE 110 can perform OD-SSB MO activation / deactivation for a cel based on the DCI.
[0068] In some implementations, OD-SSB MO activation / deactivation can be achieved using (or reusing) a MAC-CE that include an indication of OD-SSB activation / deactivation. For example, upon reception of an OD-SSB activation / deactivation MAC-CE, when OD-SSB is activated in one concerned serving cell, UE 110 can activate a dedicated OD-SSB MO, and can perform L3 measurement accordingly. By contrast, when OD-SSB is deactivated in one concerned serving cell, UE 110 can deactivate the dedicated OD-SSB MO, and can discontinue performing L3 measurement accordingly.
[0069] Fig. 8 is a diagram of an example 800 of information for reporting measurement results based on an OD-SSB according to one or more implementations described herein. As shown, example 800 can include information for reporting one or more measurements (e.g., a MeasResults IE) . The information can include one or more values, such as a measurement ID (e.g., measId) and so on. The information can also include an indication of whether a measurement was based on, or associated with, an OD-SSB (e.g., via an odssb field or value) .
[0070] When a dedicated OD-SSB MO is activated in one concerned serving cell, UE 110 can perform a default L3 measurement. For example, UE 110 can perform an L3 measurement for each MeasID IE or value associated with one MO and one ReportConfigNR IE or value. When performing an L3 measurement, UE 110 may not differentiate whether the L3 measurement correspond to a normal MO or a dedicated OD-SSB MO. Additionally, or alternatively, separate MOs between always-on SSB and OD-SSB can ensure that only one type of SSB (e.g., an always-on SSB or OD-SSB) is measured in one instance of L3 measurement but not both.
[0071] When always-on SSB and OD-SSB are transmitted using the same frequency, UE 110 can exclude always-on SSB from measurement and reporting associated with a dedicated OD-SSB MO. Additionally, or alternatively, UE 110 can exclude OD-SSB from measurement and reporting associated with a normal or default MO (e.g., of an always-on SSB) . When reporting, UE 110 can include an indication that measurement results are performed based on OD-SSB and / or always-on SSB.
[0072] Fig. 9 is a diagram of an example of components of a device according to one or more implementations described herein. In some implementations, device 900 can include application circuitry 902, baseband circuitry 904, RF circuitry 906, front-end module (FEM) circuitry 908, one or more antennas 910, and power management circuitry (PMC) 912 coupled together at least as shown. In some implementations, device 900 can include fewer elements (e.g., a RAN node may not utilize application circuitry 902 and can instead include a processor / controller to process data received from a core network. In some implementations, device 900 can include additional elements such as, for example, memory / storage, display, camera, sensor (including one or more temperature sensors, such as a single temperature sensor, a plurality of temperature sensors at different locations in device 900, etc. ) , or input / output (I / O) interface. In other implementations, the components described below can be included in more than one device (e.g., said circuitries can be separately included in more than one device for cloud-RAN (C-RAN) implementations) .
[0073] Application circuitry 902 can include one or more application processors. For example, application circuitry 902 can include circuitry such as, but not limited to, one or more single-core or multi-core processors. The processor (s) can include any combination of general-purpose processors and dedicated processors (e.g., graphics processors, application processors, etc. ) . The processors can be coupled with or can include memory / storage and can be configured to execute instructions stored in the memory / storage to enable various applications or operating systems to run on device 900. In some implementations, processors of application circuitry 902 can process data packets received from a core network.
[0074] Baseband circuitry 904 can include circuitry such as, but not limited to, one or more single-core or multi-core processors. Baseband circuitry 904 can include one or more baseband processors or control logic to process baseband signals received from a receive signal path of RF circuitry 906 and to generate baseband signals for a transmit signal path of RF circuitry 906. Baseband circuity 904 can interface with application circuitry 902 for generation and processing of the baseband signals and for controlling operations of RF circuitry 906. For example, in some implementations, baseband circuitry 904 can include a 3G baseband processor 904A, a 4G baseband processor 904B, a 5G baseband processor 904C, or other baseband processor (s) 904D for other existing generations, generations in development or to be developed in the future (e.g., 5G, 6G, 7G, etc. ) . Baseband circuitry 904 (e.g., one or more of baseband processors 904A-D) can handle various radio control functions that enable communication with one or more radio networks via RF circuitry 906. In other implementations, some or all of the functionality of baseband processors 904A-D can be included in modules stored in memory 904G and executed via a central processing unit (CPU) 904E. The radio control functions can include, but are not limited to, signal modulation / demodulation, encoding / decoding, radio frequency shifting, etc. In some implementations, modulation / demodulation circuitry of baseband circuitry 904 can include Fast-Fourier Transform (FFT) , precoding, or constellation mapping / de-mapping functionality. In some implementations, encoding / decoding circuitry of baseband circuitry 904 can include convolution, tail-biting convolution, turbo, Viterbi, or low-density parity check (LDPC) encoder / decoder functionality. Implementations of modulation / demodulation and encoder / decoder functionality are not limited to these examples and can include other suitable functionality in other implementations.
[0075] In some implementations, memory 904G can receive and / or store information and instructions for RRM measurement based on an OD-SSB. A PCell can provide UE 110 with configuration information to enable the UE 110 to request an OD-SSB from a SCell, and to measure signaling from the SCell based on the OD-SSB. The measurement can be a L3 measurement and the configuration information can include a corresponding MO, which can share the same SSB frequency or a different SSB frequency as an MO corresponding to an always-on SSB. Periodicities of the MOs can vary, and the MOs can have the same, or different, offsets. The MO of the OD-SSB can be activated and deactivated, and measurement results can be reported. Many other aspects and examples are also described herein.
[0076] In some implementations, baseband circuitry 904 can include one or more audio digital signal processor (s) (DSP) 904F. Audio DSP 904F can include elements for compression / decompression and echo cancellation and can include other suitable processing elements in other implementations. Components of baseband circuitry 904 can be suitably combined in a single chip, a single chipset, or disposed on a same circuit board in some implementations. In some implementations, some or all of the constituent components of baseband circuitry 904 and application circuitry 902 can be implemented together such as, for example, on a system on a chip (SOC) .
[0077] In some implementations, baseband circuitry 904 can provide for communication compatible with one or more radio technologies. For example, in some implementations, baseband circuitry 904 can support communication with a NG-RAN, an evolved universal terrestrial radio access network (EUTRAN) or other wireless metropolitan area networks (WMAN) , a wireless local area network (WLAN) , a wireless personal area network (WPAN) , etc. Implementations in which baseband circuitry 904 is configured to support radio communications of more than one wireless protocol can be referred to as multi-mode baseband circuitry.
[0078] RF circuitry 906 can enable communication with wireless networks using modulated electromagnetic radiation through a non-solid medium. In various implementations, RF circuitry 906 can include switches, filters, amplifiers, etc., to facilitate the communication with the wireless network. RF circuitry 906 can include a receive signal path which can include circuitry to down-convert RF signals received from FEM circuitry 908 and provide baseband signals to baseband circuitry 904. RF circuitry 906 can also include a transmit signal path which can include circuitry to up-convert baseband signals provided by baseband circuitry 904 and provide RF output signals to FEM circuitry 908 for transmission.
[0079] In some implementations, the receive signal path of RF circuitry 906 can include mixer circuitry 906A, amplifier circuitry 906B and filter circuitry 906C. In some implementations, the transmit signal path of RF circuitry 906 can include filter circuitry 906C and mixer circuitry 906A. RF circuitry 906 can also include synthesizer circuitry 906D for synthesizing a frequency for use by mixer circuitry 906A of the receive signal path and the transmit signal path. In some implementations, mixer circuitry 906A of the receive signal path can be configured to down-convert RF signals received from FEM circuitry 908 based on the synthesized frequency provided by synthesizer circuitry 906D. Amplifier circuitry 906B can be configured to amplify the down-converted signals and filter circuitry 906C can be a low-pass filter (LPF) or band-pass filter (BPF) configured to remove unwanted signals from the down-converted signals to generate output baseband signals. Output baseband signals can be provided to baseband circuitry 904 for further processing. In some implementations, the output baseband signals can be zero-frequency baseband signals, although this may not be a requirement. In some implementations, mixer circuitry 906A of the receive signal path can comprise passive mixers, although the scope of the implementations is not limited in this respect.
[0080] In some implementations, mixer circuitry 906A of the transmit signal path can be configured to up-convert input baseband signals based on the synthesized frequency provided by synthesizer circuitry 906D to generate RF output signals for FEM circuitry 908. The baseband signals can be provided by baseband circuitry 904 and can be filtered by filter circuitry 906C. In some implementations, mixer circuitry 906A of the receive signal path and mixer circuitry 906A of the transmit signal path can include two or more mixers and can be arranged for quadrature down conversion and up conversion, respectively. In some implementations, mixer circuitry 906A of the receive signal path and mixer circuitry 906A of the transmit signal path can include two or more mixers and can be arranged for image rejection. In some implementations, mixer circuitry 906A of the receive signal path and mixer circuitry 906A can be arranged for direct down conversion and direct up conversion, respectively. In some implementations, mixer circuitry 906 of the receive signal path and mixer circuitry 906A of the transmit signal path can be configured for super-heterodyne operation.
[0081] In some implementations, the output baseband signals, and the input baseband signals can be analog baseband signals, although the scope of the implementations is not limited in this respect. In some alternate implementations, the output baseband signals, and the input baseband signals can be digital baseband signals. In these alternate implementations, RF circuitry 906 can include analog-to-digital converter (ADC) and digital-to-analog converter (DAC) circuitry and baseband circuitry 904 can include a digital baseband interface to communicate with RF circuitry 906.
[0082] In some dual-mode implementations, a separate radio integrated circuitry can be provided for processing signals for each spectrum, although the scope of the implementations is not limited in this respect. In some implementations, synthesizer circuitry 906D can be a fractional-N synthesizer or a fractional N / N+1 synthesizer, although the scope of the implementations is not limited in this respect as other types of frequency synthesizers can be suitable. For example, synthesizer circuitry 906D can be a delta-sigma synthesizer, a frequency multiplier, or a synthesizer comprising a phase-locked loop with a frequency divider.
[0083] Synthesizer circuitry 906D can be configured to synthesize an output frequency for use by mixer circuitry 906A of RF circuitry 906 based on a frequency input and a divider control input. In some implementations, synthesizer circuitry 906D can be a fractional N / N+1 synthesizer. In some implementations, frequency input can be provided by a voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO) . Divider control input can be provided by either baseband circuitry 904 or the applications circuitry 902 depending on the desired output frequency. In some implementations, a divider control input (e.g., N) can be determined from a look-up table based on a channel indicated by the applications circuitry 902.
[0084] Synthesizer circuitry 906D of RF circuitry 906 can include a divider, a delay-locked loop (DLL) , a multiplexer, and a phase accumulator. In some implementations, the divider can be a dual modulus divider (DMD) , and the phase accumulator can be a digital phase accumulator (DPA) . In some implementations, the DMD can be configured to divide the input signal by either N or N+1 (e.g., based on a carry out) to provide a fractional division ratio. In some example implementations, the DLL can include a set of cascaded, tunable, delay elements, a phase detector, a charge pump and a D-type flip-flop. In these implementations, the delay elements can be configured to break a VCO period up into Nd equal packets of phase, where Nd is the number of delay elements in the delay line. In this way, the DLL provides negative feedback to help ensure that the total delay through the delay line is one VCO cycle.
[0085] In some implementations, synthesizer circuitry 906D can be configured to generate a carrier frequency as the output frequency, while in other implementations, the output frequency can be a multiple of the carrier frequency (e.g., twice the carrier frequency, four times the carrier frequency) and used in conjunction with quadrature generator and divider circuitry to generate multiple signals at the carrier frequency with multiple different phases with respect to each other. In some implementations, the output frequency can be a LO frequency (fLO) . In some implementations, RF circuitry 906 can include an in-phase / quadrature (I / Q) / polar converter.
[0086] FEM circuitry 908 can include a receive signal path which can include circuitry configured to operate on RF signals received from one or more antennas 910, amplify the received signals and provide the amplified versions of the received signals to RF circuitry 906 for further processing. FEM circuitry 908 can also include a transmit signal path which can include circuitry configured to amplify signals for transmission provided by RF circuitry 906 for transmission by one or more of the one or more antennas 910. In various implementations, the amplification through the transmit or receive signal paths can be done solely in RF circuitry 906, solely in FEM circuitry 908, or in both RF circuitry 906 and FEM circuitry 908.
[0087] In some implementations, FEM circuitry 908 can include a transmit / receive switch to switch between transmit mode and receive mode operation. FEM circuitry 908 can include a receive signal path and a transmit signal path. The receive signal path of FEM circuitry 908 can include a low noise amplifier to amplify received RF signals and provide the amplified received RF signals as an output (e.g., to RF circuitry 906) . The transmit signal path of FEM circuitry 908 can include a power amplifier to amplify input RF signals (e.g., provided by RF circuitry 906) , and one or more filters to generate RF signals for subsequent transmission (e.g., by one or more of one or more antennas 910) .
[0088] In some implementations, PMC 912 can manage power provided to baseband circuitry 904. In particular, PMC 912 can control power-source selection, voltage scaling, battery charging, or direct current (DC) to DC (DC-to-DC) conversion. PMC 912 can often be included when device 900 is capable of being powered by a battery, for example, when device 900 is included in a UE. PMC 912 can increase the power conversion efficiency while providing desirable implementation size and heat dissipation characteristics.
[0089] While Fig. 9 shows PMC 912 coupled only with baseband circuitry 904. However, in other implementations, PMC 912 can be additionally or alternatively coupled with, and perform similar power management operations for, other components such as, but not limited to, application circuitry 902, RF circuitry 906, or FEM circuitry 908.
[0090] In some implementations, PMC 912 can control, or otherwise be part of, various power saving mechanisms of device 900. For example, if device 900 is in an RRC_Connected state, where device 900 is still connected to the RAN node as device 900 expects to receive traffic shortly, then device 900 can enter a state known as discontinuous reception mode (DRX) after a period of inactivity. During this state, device 900 can power down for brief intervals of time and thus save power.
[0091] If there is no data traffic activity for an extended period of time, then device 900 can transition off to an RRC_Idle state, where device 900 disconnects from the network and does not perform operations such as channel quality feedback, handover, etc. Device 900 can go into a very low power state and device 900 can perform paging where again device 900 periodically can wake up to listen to the network and then power down again. Device 900 may not receive data in this state; in order to receive data, device 900 can transition back to RRC_Connected state.
[0092] An additional power saving mode can allow a device to be unavailable to the network for periods longer than a paging interval (ranging from seconds to a few hours) . During this time, the device 900 can be unreachable to the network and can power down completely. Any data sent during this time can incur a large delay and device 900 can assume the delay is acceptable.
[0093] Processors of application circuitry 902 and processors of baseband circuitry 904 can be used to execute elements of one or more instances of a protocol stack. For example, processors of baseband circuitry 904, alone or in combination, can be used execute Layer 3, Layer 2, or Layer 1 functionality, while processors of baseband circuitry 904 can utilize data (e.g., packet data) received from these layers and further execute Layer 4 functionality (e.g., transmission communication protocol (TCP) and user datagram protocol (UDP) layers) . As referred to herein, Layer 3 can comprise a radio resource control layer. As referred to herein, Layer 2 can comprise a medium access control layer, a radio link control layer, and a packet data convergence protocol layer, described in further detail below. As referred to herein, Layer 1 can comprise a physical layer of a UE / RAN node.
[0094] Fig. 10 is a diagram of example interfaces 1000 of baseband circuitry according to one or more implementations described herein. One or more components or features of example interfaces 1000 can correspond to one or more components or features described above or elsewhere. Baseband circuitry 1004 can comprise processors 1004A, 1004B, 1004C, 1004D, and 1004E and a memory 1004G utilized by said processors. Each of processors 1004A, 1004B, 1004C, 1004D, and 1004E can include a memory interface, 1006A, 1006B, 1006C, 1006D, and 1006E, respectively, to send / receive data to / from memory 1004G. Baseband circuitry can be a component of a UE and / or another type of device or system capable of transmitting and / or receiving wireless signals.
[0095] Baseband circuitry 1004 can further include one or more interfaces to communicatively couple to other circuitries / devices, such as memory interface 1012 (e.g., an interface to send / receive data to / from memory external to baseband circuitry 1004) , an application circuitry interface 1014 (e.g., an interface to send / receive data to / from the application circuitry as described herein) , an RF circuitry interface 1016, a wireless hardware connectivity interface 1018 (e.g., an interface to send / receive data to / from near field communication components, components (e.g., Low Energy) , components, and other communication components) , and a power management interface 1020 (e.g., an interface to send / receive power or control signals to / from a PMC) .
[0096] Fig. 11 is a block diagram illustrating components, according to some example implementations, able to read instructions from a machine-readable or computer-readable medium (e.g., a non-transitory machine-readable storage medium) and perform any one or more of the methodologies discussed herein. Specifically, Fig. 11 shows a diagrammatic representation of hardware resources 1100 including one or more processors 1110 (or processor cores) , one or more memory / storage devices 1120, and one or more communication resources 1130, each of which can be communicatively coupled via a bus 1140. For implementations where node virtualization or network function virtualization is utilized, a hypervisor can be executed to provide an execution environment for one or more network slices / sub-slices to utilize hardware resources 1100. Hardware resources 1100 can interact with hypervisor 1102. For example, hypervisor 1102 can schedule or otherwise manage hardware resource 1100.
[0097] Processors 1110 (e.g., a central processing unit (CPU) , a reduced instruction set computing (RISC) processor, a complex instruction set computing (CISC) processor, a graphics processing unit (GPU) , a digital signal processor (DSP) such as a baseband processor, an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC) , a radio-frequency integrated circuit (RFIC) , another processor, or any suitable combination thereof) can include, for example, a processor 1112 and a processor 1114.
[0098] Memory / storage devices 1120 can include main memory, disk storage, or any suitable combination thereof. Memory / storage devices 1120 can include, but are not limited to any type of volatile or non-volatile memory such as dynamic random-access memory (DRAM) , static random-access memory (SRAM) , erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM) , electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM) , flash memory, solid-state storage, etc.
[0099] In some implementations, memory / storage devices 1120 receive and / or store information and instructions 1155 for RRM measurement based on an OD-SSB. A PCell can provide UE 110 with configuration information to enable the UE 110 to request an OD-SSB from a SCell, and to measure signaling from the SCell based on the OD-SSB. The measurement can be a L3 measurement and the configuration information can include a corresponding MO, which can share the same SSB frequency or a different SSB frequency as an MO corresponding to an always-on SSB. Periodicities of the MOs can vary, and the MOs can have the same, or different, offsets. The MO of the OD-SSB can be activated and deactivated, and measurement results can be reported. These and many other features and examples are described herein.
[0100] Communication resources 1130 can include interconnection or network interface components or other suitable devices to communicate with one or more peripheral devices 1104 or one or more databases 1106 via a network 1108. For example, communication resources 1130 can include wired communication components (e.g., for coupling via a universal serial bus) , cellular communication components, near field communication components, components (e.g., Low Energy) , components, and other communication components.
[0101] Instructions 1150A, 1150B, 1150C, 1150D, and / or 1150E can comprise software, a program, an application, an applet, an app, or other executable code for causing at least any of processors 1110 to perform any one or more of the methodologies discussed herein. Instructions 1150 can reside, completely or partially, within at least one of processors 1110 (e.g., within a cache memory) , memory / storage devices 1120, or any suitable combination thereof. Furthermore, any portion of instructions 1150A-E can be transferred to hardware resources 1100 from any combination of peripheral devices 1104 or databases 1106. Accordingly, memory of processors 1110, memory / storage devices 1120, peripheral devices 1104, and databases 1106 are examples of computer-readable and machine-readable media.
[0102] Fig. 12 is a diagram of an example of a process 1200 for RRM measurement with always-on SSB and OD-SSB according to one or more implementations described herein. As shown, process 1200 can be implemented by UE 110 and / or baseband circuitry 1104. In some implementations, some or all of process 1200 can be performed by one or more other systems or devices, including one or more of the devices of Fig. 2. Additionally, process 1200 can include one or more fewer, additional, differently ordered and / or arranged operations than those shown in Fig. 12. In some implementations, some or all of the operations of process 1200 can be performed independently, successively, simultaneously, etc., of one or more of the other operations of process 1200. As such, the techniques described herein are not limited to the number, sequence, arrangement, timing, etc., of the operations or processes depicted in Fig. 12.
[0103] Process 1200 can include obtain a measurement object (MO) for measurement of an on-demand (OD) synchronization signal block (SSB) (OD-SSB) of a secondary cell (SCell) (block 1210) . Process 1200 can include measure a signal associated with the OD-SSB of the SCell; (block 1220) . Process 1200 can include generate a report that comprises a measurement of the signal (block 1230) . One or more of the examples described herein can also, or alternatively, be part of process 1200.
[0104] Fig. 13 is a diagram of an example of a process 1300 for RRM measurement with always-on SSB and OD-SSB according to one or more implementations described herein. As shown, process 1300 can be implemented by UE 110 and / or baseband circuitry 1104. In some implementations, some or all of process 1300 can be performed by one or more other systems or devices, including one or more of the devices of Fig. 2. Additionally, process 1300 can include one or more fewer, additional, differently ordered and / or arranged operations than those shown in Fig. 13. In some implementations, some or all of the operations of process 1300 can be performed independently, successively, simultaneously, etc., of one or more of the other operations of process 1300. As such, the techniques described herein are not limited to the number, sequence, arrangement, timing, etc., of the operations or processes depicted in Fig. 13.
[0105] As shown, process 1300 can include receive, from a primary cell (PCell) a measurement object (MO) for measurement of an on-demand (OD) synchronization signal block (SSB) (OD-SSB) of a secondary cell (SCell) (block 1310) . Process 1300 can include communicate, to the SCell, a request for the OD-SSB (block 1320) . Process 1300 can include receive the OD-SSB from the SCell (block 1330) . Process 1300 can include measure a signal associated with the OD-SSB (block 1340) . Process 1300 can include generate a report that comprises a measurement of the signa (block 1350) . One or more of the examples described herein can also, or alternatively, be part of process 1300.
[0106] Fig. 14 is a diagram of an example of a process 1400 for RRM measurement with always-on SSB and OD-SSB according to one or more implementations described herein. As shown, process 1400 can be implemented by base station 122 and / or baseband circuitry 1104. In some implementations, some or all of process 1400 can be performed by one or more other systems or devices, including one or more of the devices of Fig. 2. Additionally, process 1400 can include one or more fewer, additional, differently ordered and / or arranged operations than those shown in Fig. 14. In some implementations, some or all of the operations of process 1400 can be performed independently, successively, simultaneously, etc., of one or more of the other operations of process 1400. As such, the techniques described herein are not limited to the number, sequence, arrangement, timing, etc., of the operations or processes depicted in Fig. 14.
[0107] As shown, process 1400 can include communicate, to a user equipment (UE) , a measurement object (MO) for measurement of an on-demand (OD) synchronization signal block (SSB) (OD-SSB) of a secondary cell (SCell) (block 1410) . Process 1400 can include receive, from the UE, a report comprising a radio resource management (RRM) measurement corresponding to the OD-SSB (block 1420) . One or more of the examples described herein can also, or alternatively, be part of process 1400.
[0108] Fig. 15 is a diagram of an example of a process 1500 for RRM measurement with always-on SSB and OD-SSB according to one or more implementations described herein. As shown, process 1500 can be implemented by base station 122 and / or baseband circuitry 1104. In some implementations, some or all of process 1500 can be performed by one or more other systems or devices, including one or more of the devices of Fig. 2. Additionally, process 1500 can include one or more fewer, additional, differently ordered and / or arranged operations than those shown in Fig. 15. In some implementations, some or all of the operations of process 1500 can be performed independently, successively, simultaneously, etc., of one or more of the other operations of process 1500. As such, the techniques described herein are not limited to the number, sequence, arrangement, timing, etc., of the operations or processes depicted in Fig. 15.
[0109] As shown, process 1500 can include receive, from a user equipment (UE) , a request for an on-demand (OD) synchronization signal block (SSB) (OD-SSB) of a secondary cell (SCell) (block 1510) . Process 1500 can include communicate, to the UE, the OD-SSB in response to the request for the OD-SSB (block 1520) . One or more of the examples described herein can also, or alternatively, be part of process 1600.
[0110] Examples herein can include subject matter such as a method, means for performing acts or blocks of the method, at least one machine-readable medium including executable instructions that, when performed by a machine (e.g., a processor (e.g., processor, etc. ) with memory, an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) , a field programmable gate array (FPGA) , or the like) cause the machine to perform acts of the method or of an apparatus or system for concurrent communication using multiple communication technologies according to implementations and examples described.
[0111] In example 1, which can also include one or more of the examples described herein, baseband circuity can comprise: one or more processors configured to: obtain a measurement object (MO) for measurement of an on-demand (OD) synchronization signal block (SSB) (OD- SSB) of a secondary cell (SCell) ; measure a signal associated with the OD-SSB of the SCell; and generate a report that comprises a measurement of the signal.
[0112] In example 2, which can also include one or more of the examples described herein, the measurement comprises a radio resource management (RRM) measurement.
[0113] In example 3, which can also include one or more of the examples described herein, the report is communicated to the SCell.
[0114] In example 4, which can also include one or more of the examples described herein, the MO is obtained from a primary cell (PCell) .
[0115] In example 5, which can also include one or more of the examples described herein, the OD-SSB is received, from the SCell, in response to a request for the OD-SSB being communicated to the SCell.
[0116] In example 6, which can also include one or more of the examples described herein, the request is communicated to the SCell subsequent to receiving an indication to activate the MO.
[0117] In example 7, which can also include one or more of the examples described herein, the request is communicated to the SCell subsequent to receiving an indication to activate the MO.
[0118] In example 8, which can also include one or more of the examples described herein, the request is communicated in accordance with configuration information received from a primary cell (PCell) .
[0119] In example 9, which can also include one or more of the examples described herein, the configuration information comprises the MO.
[0120] In example 10, which can also include one or more of the examples described herein, the configuration information comprises an indication of the SCell and an indication to activate the SCell.
[0121] In example 11, which can also include one or more of the examples described herein, the OD-SSB of the MO is transmitted using: a carrier frequency shared with an always-on SSB of the SCell, an OD-SSB offset equal to the offset of the always-on SSB of the SCell, and an OD-SSB periodicity different than a periodicity of the always-on SSB of the SCell.
[0122] In example 12, which can also include one or more of the examples described herein, the OD-SSB of the MO is transmitted using: a carrier frequency shared with an always-on SSB of the SCell, an OD-SSB offset that is different than an offset of the always-on SSB of the SCell, and an OD-SSB periodicity that is different than a periodicity of the always-on SSB of the SCell.
[0123] In example 13, which can also include one or more of the examples described herein, the OD-SSB of the MO is transmitted using: an OD-SSB carrier frequency that is different than a carrier frequency of an always-on SSB of the SCell.
[0124] In example 14, which can also include one or more of the examples described herein, the OD-SSB of the MO is transmitted using: an OD-SSB offset equal to the offset of the always-on SSB of the SCell, and an OD-SSB periodicity different than a periodicity of the always-on SSB of the SCell.
[0125] In example 15, which can also include one or more of the examples described herein, the OD-SSB of the MO is transmitted using: an OD-SSB offset different than the offset of the always-on SSB of the SCell, and an OD-SSB periodicity different than a periodicity of the always-on SSB of the SCell.
[0126] In example 16, which can also include one or more of the examples described herein, the MO comprises: an indication to enable RRM measurement for OD-SSB, and a serving cell index configured to identify the SCell.
[0127] In example 17, which can also include one or more of the examples described herein, the report comprises an indication of whether the report corresponds to the OD-SSB or an always-on SSB.
[0128] In example 18, which can also include one or more of the examples described herein, the SCell is configured to only communicate an SSB in response to a request for an OD-SSB.
[0129] In example 19, which can also include one or more of the examples described herein,
[0130] In example 20, which can also include one or more of the examples described herein, a user equipment (UE) , comprising: a memory comprising one or more instruction; and one or more processors configure execute the one or more instruction to: receive, from a primary cell (PCell) a measurement object (MO) for measurement of an on-demand (OD) synchronization signal block (SSB) (OD-SSB) of a secondary cell (SCell) ; communicate, to the SCell, a request for the OD-SSB; receive the OD-SSB from the SCell; measure a signal associated with the OD-SSB; and generate a report that comprises a measurement of the signal
[0131] In example 21, which can also include one or more of the examples described herein, the one or more processors is further to: communicate the report to the PCell.
[0132] In example 22, which can also include one or more of the examples described herein, the one or more processors is further to: communicate the report to the SCell.
[0133] In example 23, which can also include one or more of the examples described herein, the measurement comprises a radio resource management (RRM) measurement.
[0134] In example 24, which can also include one or more of the examples described herein, a base station, comprising: a memory comprising one or more instruction; and one or more processors configure execute the one or more instruction to: communicate, to a user equipment (UE) , a measurement object (MO) for measurement of an on-demand (OD) synchronization signal block (SSB) (OD-SSB) of a secondary cell (SCell) ; and receive, from the UE, a report comprising a radio resource management (RRM) measurement corresponding to the OD-SSB. In example 25, which can also include one or more of the examples described herein, the one or more processors is further configured to: communicate, to the UE, an indication to activate the MO. In example 26, which can also include one or more of the examples described herein, the one or more processors is further configured to: communicate, to the UE, an indication to deactivate the MO.
[0135] In example 25, which can also include one or more of the examples described herein, a base station, comprising: a memory comprising one or more instruction; and one or more processors configure execute the one or more instruction to: receive, from a user equipment (UE) , a request for an on-demand (OD) synchronization signal block (SSB) (OD-SSB) of a secondary cell (SCell) ; and communicate, to the UE, the OD-SSB in response to the request for the OD-SSB.
[0136] In example 26, which can also include one or more of the examples described herein, the one or more processors is further configured to: generate an always-on SSB; and communicate the always-on SSB to the UE.
[0137] In example 27, which can also include one or more of the examples described herein, the OD-SSB is transmitted using: a carrier frequency shared with the always-on SSB of the SCell, an OD-SSB offset equal to the offset of the always-on SSB of the SCell, and an OD-SSB periodicity different than a periodicity of the always-on SSB of the SCell.
[0138] In example 28, which can also include one or more of the examples described herein, the OD-SSB is transmitted using: a carrier frequency shared with the always-on SSB of the SCell, an OD-SSB offset that is different than an offset of the always-on SSB of the SCell, and an OD-SSB periodicity different than a periodicity of the always-on SSB of the SCell.
[0139] In example 29, which can also include one or more of the examples described herein, the OD-SSB is transmitted using: an OD-SSB carrier frequency that is different than a carrier frequency of an always-on SSB of the SCell.
[0140] The above description of illustrated examples, implementations, aspects, etc., of the subject disclosure, including what is described in the Abstract, is not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the disclosed aspects to the precise forms disclosed. While specific examples, implementations, aspects, etc., are described herein for illustrative purposes, various modifications are possible that are considered within the scope of such examples, implementations, aspects, etc., as those skilled in the relevant art can recognize.
[0141] In this regard, while the disclosed subject matter has been described in connection with various examples, implementations, aspects, etc., and corresponding Figures, where applicable, it is to be understood that other similar aspects can be used or modifications and additions can be made to the disclosed subject matter for performing the same, similar, alternative, or substitute function of the subject matter without deviating therefrom. Therefore, the disclosed subject matter should not be limited to any single example, implementation, or aspect described herein, but rather should be construed in breadth and scope in accordance with the appended claims below.
[0142] In particular regard to the various functions performed by the above described components or structures (assemblies, devices, circuits, systems, etc. ) , the terms (including a reference to a “means” ) used to describe such components are intended to correspond, unless otherwise indicated, to any component or structure which performs the specified function of the described component (e.g., that is functionally equivalent) , even though not structurally equivalent to the disclosed structure which performs the function in the herein illustrated exemplary implementations. In addition, while a particular feature can have been disclosed with respect to only one of several implementations, such feature can be combined with one or more other features of the other implementations as can be desired and advantageous for any given application.
[0143] As used herein, the term “or” is intended to mean an inclusive “or” rather than an exclusive “or” . That is, unless specified otherwise, or clear from context, “X employs A or B” is intended to mean any of the natural inclusive permutations. That is, if X employs A; X employs B; or X employs both A and B, then “X employs A or B” is satisfied under any of the foregoing instances. In addition, the articles “a” and “an” as used in this application and the appended claims should generally be construed to mean “one or more” unless specified otherwise or clear from context to be directed to a singular form. Furthermore, to the extent that the terms “including” , “includes” , “having” , “has” , “with” , or variants thereof are used in either the detailed description or the claims, such terms are intended to be inclusive in a manner similar to the term “comprising. ” Additionally, in situations wherein one or more numbered items are discussed (e.g., a “first X” , a “second X” , etc. ) , in general the one or more numbered items can be distinct, or they can be the same, although in some situations the context can indicate that they are distinct or that they are the same.
[0144] It is well understood that the use of personally identifiable information should follow privacy policies and practices that are generally recognized as meeting or exceeding industry or governmental requirements for maintaining the privacy of users. In particular, personally identifiable information data should be managed and handled to minimize risks of unintentional or unauthorized access or use, and the nature of authorized use should be clearly indicated to users.
Claims
1.Baseband circuitry, comprising:one or more processors configured to:obtain a measurement object (MO) for measurement of an on-demand (OD) synchronization signal block (SSB) (OD-SSB) of a secondary cell (SCell) ;measure a signal associated with the OD-SSB of the SCell; andgenerate a report that comprises a measurement of the signal.2.The baseband circuitry of claim 1, wherein the measurement comprises a radio resource management (RRM) measurement.3.The baseband circuitry of claim 1, wherein the report is communicated to the SCell.4.The baseband circuitry of claim 1, wherein the MO is obtained from a primary cell (PCell) .5.The baseband circuitry of claim 1, wherein the OD-SSB is received, from the SCell, in response to a request for the OD-SSB being communicated to the SCell.6.The baseband circuitry of claim 1, wherein the request is communicated to the SCell subsequent to receiving an indication to activate the MO.7.The baseband circuitry of claim 1, wherein the MO is deactivated in response to receiving an indication from a primary cell (PCell) to deactivate the MO.8.The baseband circuitry of claim 1, wherein:the request is communicated in accordance with configuration information received from a primary cell (PCell) .9.The baseband circuitry of claim 8, wherein the configuration information comprises the MO.10.The baseband circuitry of claim 9, wherein the configuration information comprises an indication of the SCell and an indication to activate the SCell.11.The baseband circuitry of claim 1, wherein the OD-SSB of the MO is transmitted using:a carrier frequency shared with an always-on SSB of the SCell,an OD-SSB offset equal to the offset of the always-on SSB of the SCell, andan OD-SSB periodicity different than a periodicity of the always-on SSB of the SCell.12.The baseband circuitry of claim 1, wherein the OD-SSB of the MO is transmitted using:a carrier frequency shared with an always-on SSB of the SCell,an OD-SSB offset that is different than an offset of the always-on SSB of the SCell, andan OD-SSB periodicity that is different than a periodicity of the always-on SSB of the SCell.13.The baseband circuitry of claim 1, wherein the OD-SSB of the MO is transmitted using:an OD-SSB carrier frequency that is different than a carrier frequency of an always-on SSB of the SCell.14.The baseband circuitry of claim 13, wherein the OD-SSB of the MO is transmitted using:an OD-SSB offset equal to the offset of the always-on SSB of the SCell, andan OD-SSB periodicity different than a periodicity of the always-on SSB of the SCell.15.The baseband circuitry of claim 13, wherein the OD-SSB of the MO is transmitted using:an OD-SSB offset different than the offset of the always-on SSB of the SCell, andan OD-SSB periodicity different than a periodicity of the always-on SSB of the SCell.16.The baseband circuitry of claim 1, wherein the MO comprises:an indication to enable RRM measurement for OD-SSB, anda serving cell index configured to identify the SCell.17.The baseband circuitry of claim 1, wherein the report comprises an indication of whether the report corresponds to the OD-SSB or an always-on SSB.18.The baseband circuitry of claim 1, wherein the SCell is configured to only communicate an SSB in response to a request for an OD-SSB.19.A base station, comprising:a memory comprising one or more instruction; andone or more processors configure execute the one or more instruction to:communicate, to a user equipment (UE) , a measurement object (MO) for measurement of an on-demand (OD) synchronization signal block (SSB) (OD-SSB) of a secondary cell (SCell) ; andreceive, from the UE, a report comprising a radio resource management (RRM) measurement corresponding to the OD-SSB.20.A base station, comprising:a memory comprising one or more instruction; andone or more processors configure execute the one or more instruction to:receive, from a user equipment (UE) , a request for an on-demand (OD) synchronization signal block (SSB) (OD-SSB) of a secondary cell (SCell) ; andcommunicate, to the UE, the OD-SSB in response to the request for the OD-SSB.