Method for manufacturing negative electrode of lithium battery, and lithium battery

Abstract

Disclosed in the present application is a method for manufacturing a negative electrode of a lithium battery, comprising: providing foamed nickel having a porous structure; placing the foamed nickel in a predetermined electrolyte for electrodeposition, so as to prepare polypyrrole on the surface of the foamed nickel to obtain a prefabricated current collector coated with polypyrrole on the surface; performing heat treatment on the prefabricated current collector under an inert atmosphere, so as to carbonize the polypyrrole on the surface of the prefabricated current collector to obtain a current collector having the porous structure; and preparing lithium metal on the surface of the current collector to obtain a negative electrode of a lithium battery, the predetermined electrolyte being an electrolyte containing pyrrole.

Description

Preparation method of lithium battery negative electrode, lithium battery

[0001] Cross-references to related applications

[0002] This application claims priority to Chinese patent application No. 2024117480654, filed on December 2, 2024, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0003] This disclosure relates to the field of new energy, and in particular to a method for preparing a lithium battery anode and a lithium battery. Background Technology

[0004] Lithium metal is considered one of the most promising anode materials for lithium-ion batteries due to its high specific capacity, low operating potential, and high energy density. Guiding the orderly deposition and stripping of lithium metal, and suppressing the growth of lithium dendrites and volume expansion during lithium deposition-desorption, can effectively improve the coulombic efficiency and cycle life of lithium metal anodes. Loading lithiophilic materials onto the current collector is beneficial for guiding the orderly deposition of lithium metal. Nitrogen-containing compounds have been proven to be highly lithiophilic and are currently commonly loaded onto the surface of current collectors. However, although loading nitrogen-containing compounds onto the current collector surface can make the deposition and stripping of lithium metal more orderly, the lithiophilic sites are still very limited, and the effect on improving the orderliness of lithium metal deposition and stripping still needs to be improved. Summary of the Invention

[0005] A method for preparing a lithium battery negative electrode and a lithium battery using one or more embodiments of the present disclosure solves the technical problem that the effect of loading nitrogen-containing compounds on the current collector surface on improving the orderliness of lithium metal deposition and stripping needs to be improved.

[0006] In a first aspect, embodiments of this disclosure provide a method for preparing a lithium battery negative electrode, comprising: providing a foamed nickel having a porous structure; placing the foamed nickel in a predetermined electrolyte for electrodeposition to prepare polypyrrole on the surface of the foamed nickel, thereby obtaining a preformed current collector coated with polypyrrole; heat-treating the preformed current collector under an inert atmosphere to carbonize the polypyrrole on the surface of the preformed current collector, thereby obtaining a current collector having the porous structure; and preparing lithium metal on the surface of the current collector to obtain the lithium battery negative electrode; wherein the predetermined electrolyte is an electrolyte containing pyrrole.

[0007] Secondly, embodiments of this disclosure also provide a lithium battery, wherein the negative electrode of the lithium battery is a lithium battery negative electrode prepared by the method described in any embodiment of the first aspect. Attached Figure Description

[0008] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and form a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with this disclosure and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of this disclosure.

[0009] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this disclosure or the prior art, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, those skilled in the art can obtain other drawings based on these drawings without any creative effort.

[0010] Figure 1 shows a schematic flowchart of a method for preparing a lithium battery negative electrode according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. Embodiments of the present invention

[0011] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this disclosure clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this disclosure will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this disclosure. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this disclosure without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this disclosure.

[0012] Unless otherwise specified, the terminology used herein should be understood as having the meaning commonly used in the art. Therefore, unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this disclosure pertains. In case of any discrepancy, the description herein shall prevail.

[0013] Unless otherwise specified, all raw materials, reagents, instruments and equipment used in this disclosure are available on the market or can be prepared by existing methods.

[0014] There is still a technical challenge in improving the orderliness of lithium metal deposition and stripping by loading nitrogen-containing compounds onto the surface of current collectors.

[0015] The technical solution of this disclosure is to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, and the general idea is as follows.

[0016] In a first aspect, embodiments of this disclosure provide a method for preparing a lithium battery negative electrode, comprising:

[0017] S1: Provides nickel foam with a porous structure;

[0018] S2: Place nickel foam in a predetermined electrolyte for electrodeposition to prepare polypyrrole on the surface of nickel foam, thereby obtaining a preformed current collector coated with polypyrrole.

[0019] S3: The pre-fabricated current collector is heat-treated under an inert atmosphere to carbonize the polypyrrole on its surface, resulting in a current collector with a porous structure; and,

[0020] S4: Prepare lithium metal on the surface of the current collector to obtain the negative electrode of the lithium battery;

[0021] The predetermined electrolyte is an electrolyte containing pyrrole.

[0022] Nickel foam possesses a three-dimensional, fully interconnected mesh structure, making it a porous metallic material with a porosity of 96%–98% and a bulk density only one-fiftieth that of nickel. The nickel skeleton in nickel foam is hollow and interconnected in a metallurgical state. Nickel foam exhibits the following physical properties:

[0023] 1. With its large specific surface area, nickel foam excels in many applications, such as providing more reaction sites when used as a catalyst support substrate.

[0024] 2. Excellent thermal conductivity: Nickel foam can effectively conduct heat and can be used as a damping material or a highly efficient heat-conducting "wick" material for "heat pipes" in the thermal field, thereby multiplying the heat conduction efficiency.

[0025] 3. It has a wide frequency range of sound absorption characteristics. In the field of functional materials, nickel foam can be used as a damping material to absorb wave energy. It can also be used in materials for sound absorption, vibration absorption and buffering.

[0026] 4. High processability: Nickel foam can be cut, bent, and easily glued, making it easy to process and use according to actual needs.

[0027] 5. The homogeneous three-dimensional network structure enables nickel foam to perform filtering functions, and provides superior stability in the flow of gas and fluid during filtration.

[0028] The advantage of using nickel foam as the matrix material for the current collector in this disclosure is that nickel foam has a rich porous structure that can accommodate lithium metal. The prepared current collector retains this porous structure, allowing lithium metal deposition to occur inside the current collector. This minimizes the impact of lithium dendrites formed during lithium battery charging on the lithium battery separator. Lithium metal deposition within a smaller porous structure restricts lithium dendrite growth, reducing uneven dendrite growth and increasing the orderliness of the lithium metal deposition and stripping process.

[0029] In some embodiments, nickel foam, as a starting material, possesses good electrical conductivity and electrolyte permeability due to its porous structure, providing an ideal substrate structure for subsequent lithium metal deposition.

[0030] This disclosure allows for the preparation of lithium metal on the surface of a current collector through any feasible implementation. As an example, this disclosure allows for the preparation of lithium metal on the surface of a current collector by methods such as electrochemical deposition, vapor deposition, and impregnation with hot-melt lithium metal.

[0031] It should be noted that the current collector structure disclosed herein is based on nickel foam, which has a rich porous structure. The surface of the current collector disclosed herein includes both the visible external surface and the internal surface formed by the porous structure.

[0032] In some embodiments, for the preparation of lithium metal on the surface of a current collector by electrochemical deposition, the present disclosure may assemble the current collector as an initial lithium-free negative electrode with a lithium-rich positive electrode material to form a prefabricated lithium battery with a lithium-free negative electrode, and achieve the deposition of lithium metal on the current collector by charging the prefabricated lithium battery.

[0033] It's easy to understand that polypyrrole (PP) has a high nitrogen content. PPP is a polymer formed by the polymerization of pyrrole monomers and possesses a conjugated structure. Microscopically, PPP is described as quasi-one-dimensional and one-dimensional because it exhibits some cross-linking and skipping chains, and its degree of polymerization varies, leading to different states. Undoped and doped PPP are insoluble in solvents but can swell; doping makes it brittle. PPP materials exhibit fractal characteristics on their surface, with ion diffusion displaying an anomalous diffusion pattern. After carbonization of PPP on the surface of the pre-fabricated current collector, nitrogen-doped carbon with abundant nitride lithiophilic sites is formed on the surface. Furthermore, since the pre-fabricated current collector formed after nickel foam electrodeposition is coated with PPP, the current collector formed after PPP carbonization also has nitrogen-doped carbon coated on its surface. As a conductive polymer, PPP can further enhance the conductivity of the current collector, and its unique chemical properties facilitate the subsequent carbonization process.

[0034] This disclosure describes a method for depositing a layer of polypyrrole on the surface of nickel foam using electrodeposition. The resulting pre-fabricated current collector is then heat-treated to carbonize the polypyrrole on its surface, resulting in a current collector coated with nitrogen-doped carbon. Due to the high nitrogen content of polypyrrole, the nitrogen-doped carbon coating on the current collector surface possesses abundant lithium-loving nitride sites. Furthermore, the presence of nitrogen-doped carbon on the current collector surface increases the overall contact area between the carbon and lithium metal, resulting in numerous lithium-loving nitride sites that effectively guide the orderly deposition and stripping of lithium metal, thereby improving the coulombic efficiency and cycle life of the lithium metal anode. In addition, the current collector's matrix material is nickel foam, giving it a porous structure similar to nickel foam. This porous structure can accommodate and limit lithium dendrite growth, further enhancing the orderly deposition and stripping of lithium metal. The carbonization process not only improves the thermal and chemical stability of the current collector but also provides a more uniform and stable interface for subsequent lithium metal deposition.

[0035] In some embodiments of this disclosure, lithium metal is prepared on the surface of the current collector, including:

[0036] Molten lithium metal was filled into the porous structure of the current collector in an inert atmosphere; and,

[0037] The molten lithium metal in the porous structure of the current collector is cooled and solidified to obtain the negative electrode of the lithium battery.

[0038] It is easy to understand that lithium metal has poor machinability, high chemical reactivity with water and oxygen under environmental conditions, and poor electrochemical reversibility. This makes the preparation of ultrathin lithium metal anodes, whether through mechanical processing or electrochemical deposition, highly demanding in terms of process and environment. This disclosure, by filling molten lithium metal into the porous structure of the current collector, requires only an inert atmosphere and heating conditions that allow the lithium metal to melt. The implementation is relatively simple, and the lithium metal can be sufficiently filled into the porous structure of the current collector.

[0039] In addition, it should be noted that nitrogen-doped carbon exhibits chemical inertness and good affinity for the highly reducing molten lithium metal.

[0040] In some embodiments of this disclosure, molten lithium metal is filled into the porous structure of the current collector in an inert atmosphere, including:

[0041] In an inert atmosphere, the current collector is immersed in molten lithium metal for a time of 5 minutes or more, so that the molten lithium metal fills the porous structure of the current collector.

[0042] In some embodiments of this disclosure, the preparation of lithium metal on the surface of the current collector is carried out in a glove box.

[0043] It's easy to understand that glove boxes are commonly used devices in the lithium battery field, and they can provide an inert atmosphere and heating conditions.

[0044] In some embodiments of this disclosure, the electrolyte in the predetermined electrolyte includes a lithium salt.

[0045] It is easy to understand that the beneficial effect of the electrolyte in the predetermined electrolyte, which includes lithium salt, is that lithium ions will be present in the polypyrrole, and ultimately lithium ions will be present in the nitrogen-doped carbon on the surface of the current collector. This is beneficial to increasing the affinity between the nitrogen-doped carbon and the molten lithium metal, thereby increasing the wetting ability of the molten lithium metal on the surface of the nitrogen-doped carbon of the current collector.

[0046] In some embodiments of this disclosure, the predetermined electrolyte is an aqueous solution, the lithium salt is lithium carbonate, and the electrolyte in the predetermined electrolyte also includes a water-soluble carbonate that does not contain lithium as a cationic component.

[0047] The advantages of using an aqueous solution as the electrolyte are that it is inexpensive and easy to prepare.

[0048] The role of water-soluble carbonates is to further increase the conductivity of the intended electrolyte.

[0049] In some embodiments of this disclosure, the heat treatment temperature is 800 °C to 1000 °C; and / or the heat treatment time is 1 h to 3 h.

[0050] The advantage of using a heat treatment temperature of 800℃~1000℃ is that it ensures the full carbonization of polypyrrole while minimizing energy consumption.

[0051] The advantage of heat treatment time of 1 h to 3 h is that it ensures that polypyrrole is fully carbonized while minimizing energy consumption.

[0052] As an example, the heat treatment temperature can be 800 ℃, 850 ℃, 900 ℃, 950 ℃, or 1000 ℃.

[0053] For example, the heat treatment time can be 1 h, 1.5 h, 2 h, 2.5 h, or 3 h.

[0054] In summary, the embodiments of this disclosure provide a method for preparing a lithium battery anode, which has the following technical advantages:

[0055] 1. Orderliness of lithium metal deposition and stripping.

[0056] This preparation method, particularly the introduction and carbonization of polypyrrole, effectively improves the deposition and stripping behavior of lithium metal on the current collector surface. The nitrogen-doped carbon on the current collector surface provides a more uniform and stable deposition interface, which helps reduce dendrite growth of lithium metal during charging and discharging, thereby extending the lifespan and safety of the lithium battery.

[0057] 2. Improve battery performance.

[0058] Ordered lithium metal deposition and stripping processes help improve the cycle stability and coulombic efficiency of lithium batteries. Furthermore, the introduction of porous nickel foam and nitrogen-doped carbon on the current collector surface enhances the conductivity and electrolyte permeability of lithium batteries, further improving their overall performance.

[0059] 3. Application prospects.

[0060] The lithium battery anode preparation method and the lithium battery prepared according to the embodiments of this disclosure have broad application prospects in new energy vehicles, energy storage systems and other fields. By optimizing the anode structure of the lithium battery, not only can the energy density and cycle life of the lithium battery be improved, but also the cost of the lithium battery and its environmental impact can be reduced, thus contributing to the development of the new energy industry.

[0061] Therefore, this disclosure has successfully optimized the structure of lithium battery anodes through innovative preparation methods and material selection, providing new ideas and solutions for improving lithium battery performance and promoting the development of the new energy industry.

[0062] Secondly, this disclosure also provides a lithium battery, wherein the negative electrode of the lithium battery is a lithium battery negative electrode prepared by the method of any embodiment of the first aspect.

[0063] The lithium battery is realized based on the lithium battery negative electrode prepared by the method of any embodiment in the first aspect. Specific implementation methods of the lithium battery can be referred to the above embodiments and common knowledge in the art. Since the lithium battery adopts some or all of the technical solutions of the above embodiments, it possesses at least all the beneficial effects brought about by the technical solutions of the above embodiments, which will not be elaborated upon here.

[0064] In some embodiments of this disclosure, the lithium battery further includes a separator and a liquid electrolyte.

[0065] It is readily understood that in the lithium battery negative electrode of this disclosure, lithium dendrites mainly exist in the porous structure of the current collector, with fewer lithium dendrites forming on the surface where the current collector contacts the separator, thus having a smaller impact on the separator. Therefore, the lithium battery negative electrode proposed in this disclosure is applicable to conventional lithium batteries that include a separator and a liquid electrolyte.

[0066] In some embodiments of this disclosure, the lithium battery also includes a solid electrolyte.

[0067] It is easy to understand that the lithium battery negative electrode of the present disclosure is applicable to lithium batteries that do not have a separator and use a solid electrolyte.

[0068] The technical solutions of this disclosure are further illustrated below with reference to specific embodiments. It should be understood that these embodiments are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of this disclosure. Experimental methods in the following embodiments that do not specify specific conditions are generally determined according to industry standards. If there is no corresponding industry standard, then common international standards, conventional conditions, or conditions recommended by the manufacturer are followed.

[0069] Example 1

[0070] This embodiment provides a lithium battery anode, which is prepared by the following method:

[0071] 1.5 g of lithium carbonate, 3 g of sodium carbonate and 2 g of pyrrole were added to 200 mL of water and stirred for 30 min to obtain a pre-prepared electrolyte.

[0072] Using nickel foam as the working electrode, carbon rod as the reference and counter electrode, and pre-prepared electrolyte as the electrolyte, a constant potential oxidation method was used to continuously electrodeposit at a voltage of 0.8 V for 10 min to obtain the pre-prepared current collector.

[0073] The pre-made current collector is placed in a tube furnace and heat-treated at 800 °C for 2 h under an Ar atmosphere to obtain the current collector.

[0074] In a nitrogen-filled glove box, the current collector is immersed in molten lithium metal. After 5 minutes, it is removed to obtain the negative electrode of the lithium battery.

[0075] This embodiment also provides a lithium battery, which is prepared by the following method:

[0076] A positive electrode sheet is provided, which is composed of positive active material, conductive agent and binder in a mass ratio of 95:3:2. The positive active material is lithium cobalt oxide, the conductive agent is SUPER P carbon black and the binder is sodium carboxymethyl cellulose.

[0077] A polyethylene diaphragm and an electrolyte are provided, wherein the electrolyte is a ethylene carbonate solution of lithium hexafluorophosphate.

[0078] A 1 Ah lithium battery is prepared by stacking the positive electrode sheet, polyethylene separator, and lithium battery negative electrode in a Z-shaped manner, followed by welding, liquid injection, pre-charging, secondary sealing, and formation processes.

[0079] Example 2

[0080] The only difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that the polypyrrole carbonization temperature is 900°C.

[0081] The following is an example:

[0082] This embodiment provides a lithium battery anode, which is prepared by the following method:

[0083] Add 1.5g of lithium carbonate, 3g of sodium carbonate and 2g of pyrrole to 200 mL of water and stir for 30 min to obtain a pre-prepared electrolyte.

[0084] Using nickel foam as the working electrode, a carbon rod as the reference and counter electrode, and a pre-prepared electrolyte as the electrolyte, a constant potential oxidation method was used to continuously electrodeposit at a voltage of 0.8V for 10 min to obtain a pre-prepared current collector.

[0085] The pre-made current collector is placed in a tube furnace and heat-treated at 900 °C for 2 hours under an Ar atmosphere to obtain the current collector.

[0086] In a nitrogen-filled glove box, the current collector is immersed in molten lithium metal. After 5 minutes, it is removed to obtain the negative electrode of the lithium battery.

[0087] This embodiment also provides a lithium battery, which is prepared by the following method:

[0088] A positive electrode sheet is provided, which is composed of positive active material, conductive agent and binder in a mass ratio of 95:3:2. The positive active material is lithium cobalt oxide, the conductive agent is SUPER P carbon black and the binder is sodium carboxymethyl cellulose.

[0089] A polyethylene diaphragm and an electrolyte are provided, wherein the electrolyte is a ethylene carbonate solution of lithium hexafluorophosphate.

[0090] A 1 Ah lithium battery is prepared by stacking the positive electrode sheet, polyethylene separator, and lithium battery negative electrode in a Z-shaped manner, followed by welding, liquid injection, pre-charging, secondary sealing, and formation processes.

[0091] Example 3

[0092] The only difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that the polypyrrole carbonization temperature is 1000℃.

[0093] The following is an example:

[0094] This embodiment provides a lithium battery anode, which is prepared by the following method:

[0095] Add 1.5g of lithium carbonate, 3g of sodium carbonate and 2g of pyrrole to 200 mL of water and stir for 30 min to obtain the pre-prepared electrolyte.

[0096] Using nickel foam as the working electrode, carbon rod as the reference and counter electrode, and pre-prepared electrolyte as the electrolyte, a constant potential oxidation method was used to continuously electrodeposit at a voltage of 0.8V for 10 min to obtain the pre-prepared current collector.

[0097] The pre-made current collector is placed in a tube furnace and heat-treated at 1000℃ for 2 hours under Ar atmosphere to obtain the current collector.

[0098] In a nitrogen-filled glove box, the current collector is immersed in molten lithium metal. After 5 minutes, it is removed to obtain the negative electrode of the lithium battery.

[0099] This embodiment also provides a lithium battery, which is prepared by the following method:

[0100] A positive electrode sheet is provided, which is composed of positive active material, conductive agent and binder in a mass ratio of 95:3:2. The positive active material is lithium cobalt oxide, the conductive agent is SUPER P carbon black and the binder is sodium carboxymethyl cellulose.

[0101] A polyethylene diaphragm and an electrolyte are provided, wherein the electrolyte is a ethylene carbonate solution of lithium hexafluorophosphate.

[0102] A 1Ah lithium battery is prepared by stacking the positive electrode sheet, polyethylene separator, and lithium battery negative electrode in a Z-shaped manner, followed by welding, liquid injection, pre-charging, secondary sealing, and formation processes.

[0103] Comparative Example

[0104] The only difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that this comparative example directly uses nickel foam as the current collector.

[0105] The differences are as follows:

[0106] This comparative example provides a lithium battery anode, which is prepared by the following method:

[0107] In a nitrogen-filled glove box, nickel foam is immersed in molten lithium metal. After 5 minutes, it is removed to obtain the negative electrode of a lithium battery.

[0108] This embodiment also provides a lithium battery, which is prepared by the following method:

[0109] The positive electrode sheet is provided. The positive electrode sheet is composed of positive active material, conductive agent and binder in a mass ratio of 95:3:2. The positive active material is lithium cobalt oxide, the conductive agent is SUPER P carbon black and the binder is sodium carboxymethyl cellulose.

[0110] A polyethylene diaphragm and an electrolyte are provided, wherein the electrolyte is a ethylene carbonate solution of lithium hexafluorophosphate.

[0111] A 1Ah lithium battery is prepared by stacking the positive electrode sheet, polyethylene separator, and lithium battery negative electrode in a Z-shaped manner, followed by welding, liquid injection, pre-charging, secondary sealing, and formation processes.

[0112] Relevant experimental and effect data:

[0113] At a current of 1C, the lithium batteries of Examples 1-3 and the comparative example were subjected to cyclic charge-discharge tests. The capacity retention rate after 30 cycles and the number of cycles with 80% capacity retention rate are shown in Table 1.

[0114] Table 1

[0115]

[0116] Table 1 shows that the lithium batteries proposed in Examples 1-3 of this disclosure exhibit high capacity retention rates and a high number of cycles with 80% capacity retention after 30 cycles. In contrast, the lithium batteries in the comparative examples show significantly lower capacity retention rates and a lower number of cycles with 80% capacity retention after 30 cycles compared to Examples 1-3 of this disclosure. This indicates that for the lithium batteries in Examples 1-3 of this disclosure, the nitrogen-doped carbon coating on the current collector surface effectively improves the orderliness of lithium metal deposition and stripping, thereby resulting in better cycle performance.

[0117] Compared with related technologies, the technical solutions provided in this disclosure have the following advantages:

[0118] The method for preparing a lithium-ion battery anode provided in this disclosure involves depositing a layer of polypyrrole on the surface of nickel foam using electrodeposition. The resulting pre-formed current collector is then heat-treated to carbonize the polypyrrole on its surface, resulting in a current collector coated with nitrogen-doped carbon. Because polypyrrole has a high nitrogen content, the nitrogen-doped carbon coating on the current collector surface possesses abundant nitride-based lithium-loving sites. Furthermore, the nitrogen-doped carbon coating on the current collector surface provides a larger overall contact area between the carbon and lithium metal, resulting in numerous nitride-based lithium-loving sites that effectively guide the orderly deposition and stripping of lithium metal, thereby improving the coulombic efficiency and cycle life of the lithium-ion anode. In addition, the current collector's matrix material is nickel foam, giving it a porous structure similar to nickel foam. This porous structure can accommodate lithium dendrites and limit their growth, further enhancing the orderly deposition and stripping of lithium metal.

[0119] Various embodiments of this disclosure may exist in the form of a range. It should be understood that the description in the form of a range is merely for convenience and brevity and should not be construed as a hard limitation on the scope of this disclosure. Therefore, it should be considered that the range description specifically discloses all possible subranges and single numerical values ​​within that range. For example, it should be considered that a range description from 1 to 6 specifically discloses subranges such as from 1 to 3, from 1 to 4, from 1 to 5, from 2 to 4, from 2 to 6, from 3 to 6, etc., and single numbers within the range, such as 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6, regardless of the range. Furthermore, whenever a numerical range is indicated herein, it means including any referenced number (fraction or integer) within the indicated range.

[0120] In this disclosure, unless otherwise stated, directional terms such as “upper” and “lower” specifically refer to the drawing directions in the accompanying drawings. Furthermore, in the description of this disclosure, the terms “comprising,” “including,” etc., mean “including but not limited to.” Moreover, the terms “comprising,” “including,” or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase “comprising…” does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element. In this document, relational terms such as “first” and “second” are used merely to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. In this document, “and / or” describes the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships may exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A alone, A and B simultaneously, or B alone. For relationships involving three or more related objects described using "and / or", it indicates that any one of the three related objects can exist alone, or at least two of them can exist simultaneously. For example, for A, and / or B, and / or C, it can mean that any one of A, B, and C exists alone, or any two of them exist simultaneously, or all three of them exist simultaneously. In this document, "at least one" means one or more, and "more than one" means two or more. "At least one", "at least one of the following", or similar expressions refer to any combination of these items, including any combination of single or multiple items. For example, "at least one of a, b, or c", or "at least one of a, b, and c", can both mean: a, b, c, ab (i.e., a and b), ac, bc, or abc, where a, b, and c can be single or multiple. The "parts representation" involved in this disclosure, such as parts by weight or parts by mass, represents the proportional relationship between the components. In the proportional relationships disclosed herein, parameters that need to be described by proportion should be understood as the first term of the proportion in the order of description, while the proportion figures should be understood as the second term of the proportion. For example, if the mass ratio of substance A, substance B, and substance C is 1:2:3, then substances A, B, and C should correspond one-to-one with the proportion figures in the proportion in the order of description, i.e., the mass of substance A : the mass of substance B : the mass of substance C = 1 : 2 : 3.

[0121] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this disclosure, enabling those skilled in the art to understand or implement it. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art. The general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of this disclosure. Therefore, this disclosure is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features claimed herein.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a lithium battery negative electrode, comprising: Provides nickel foam with a porous structure; The nickel foam is placed in a predetermined electrolyte for electrodeposition to prepare polypyrrole on the surface of the nickel foam, thereby obtaining a preformed current collector coated with polypyrrole. The pre-fabricated current collector is heat-treated under an inert atmosphere to carbonize the polypyrrole on the surface of the pre-fabricated current collector, thereby obtaining a current collector with the porous structure. as well as, Lithium metal is prepared on the surface of the current collector to obtain the negative electrode of the lithium battery. The predetermined electrolyte is an electrolyte containing pyrrole.

2. The method for preparing a lithium battery negative electrode according to claim 1, wherein, The preparation of lithium metal on the surface of the current collector includes: Molten lithium metal is filled into the porous structure of the current collector in an inert atmosphere; and The molten lithium metal in the porous structure of the current collector is cooled and solidified to obtain the negative electrode of the lithium battery.

3. The method for preparing a lithium battery negative electrode according to claim 2, wherein, The step of filling the porous structure of the current collector with molten lithium metal in an inert atmosphere includes: In an inert atmosphere, the current collector is immersed in molten lithium metal for a time of 5 minutes or more, so that the molten lithium metal fills the porous structure of the current collector.

4. The method for preparing a lithium battery negative electrode according to claim 1, wherein, The preparation of lithium metal on the surface of the current collector is carried out in a glove box.

5. The method for preparing a lithium battery negative electrode according to claim 1, wherein, The electrolyte in the predetermined electrolyte solution includes lithium salts.

6. The method for preparing a lithium battery negative electrode according to claim 5, wherein, The predetermined electrolyte is an aqueous solution, the lithium salt is lithium carbonate, and the electrolyte in the predetermined electrolyte also includes a water-soluble carbonate with a non-lithium cationic form.

7. The method for preparing a lithium battery negative electrode according to claim 1, wherein, The heat treatment temperature is 800 ℃~1000 ℃; and / or The heat treatment time is 1 h to 3 h.

8. A lithium battery, wherein the negative electrode of the lithium battery is a lithium battery negative electrode prepared by the method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

9. The lithium battery according to claim 8 further includes a separator and a liquid electrolyte.

10. The lithium battery according to claim 8 further includes a solid electrolyte.

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