Producing water by collecting moisture, fog, and water vapors in humid air and then converting them into water

Abstract

Many countries are seeking solutions to the global water shortage and dehydration crisis. One promising solution involves collecting fog and water vapors on the surface of the sea and condensing them into desalinated water. The technology and functioning principles of this entirely unique device (The method we use and the equipment we use) that we introduce is "producing water by collecting moisture, fog, and water vapors in humid air and then converting them into water". And it is called "AquaVentor" in short. This humid air; is the air from coastal areas or the air on the surface of sea water, which leads to the production of water by AquaVentor, also it can be the outlet air of the cooling tower, which leads to the reduction of water consumption in the cooling tower by AquaVentor, etc. The produced water by AquaVentor can be used for domestic, and agricultural and industrial consumptions. Also, this technology represents a new scientific chapter in the science of thermodynamic. This technology and device can be used for: a. Water production by collecting moisture, fog, and water vapor in coastal areas and on the sea surface and then converting them into water by AquaVentor. b. Reducing water consumption in cooling towers and other evaporative processes by AquaVentor.

Description

[Producing water by collecting moisture, fog, and water vapors in humid air and then converting them into water]

[0001] This invention is in the field of producing and saving water by collecting fog and water vapor and then converting them into water by mechanical equipment. This invention is grounded in the principles of thermodynamics.

[0002] The global water shortage and dehydration crisis is becoming more evident every day. Its consequences, such as land subsidence and the creation of sinkholes, have become dangerous and crisis-causing independently of the cause. There are also other economic, agricultural, and social problems in this regard.

[0003] Currently, all countries in the world are looking for solutions that, first, do not cause other environmental problems, second, require the lowest amount of energy consumption, and third, are cost-effective.

[0004] To supply water, most of the countries have turned to desalination with different technologies to prepare and supply desalinated water from the sea. (In this text, the word "sea" refers to all the planet's oceans, seas, lakes, gulfs, etc.)

[0005] Desalination with any technology has its defects and problems. For example, for every cubic meter of drinkable water, it produces nearly two cubic meters of hot, bitter, and salty wastewater, which is eventually returned to the same sea, and this causes environmental, social, and economic problems. Or excessive salt residue left behind can be difficult to dispose of, and many other issues for the region and locals are caused by desalination.

[0006] Another solution that has attracted the attention of experts and specialists; "Collecting fog and vapors on the surface of the seawater, then directing it to the shore and condensing facilities and equipment, and finally converting fog and vapor into desalinated water” that can be used by people and for agricultural and industrial consumptions.

[0007] The technology and functioning principles of this entirely unique device (The method we use and the equipment we use) that we introduce is "producing water by collecting moisture, fog, and water vapors in humid air and then converting them into water". And it is called "AquaVentor" in short.

[0008] (), ()Fig.1

[0009] illustrates AquaVentor device

[0010] This humid air; is the air from coastal areas or the air on the surface of sea water, which leads to the production of water by AquaVentor, also it can be the outlet air of the cooling tower, which leads to the reduction of water consumption in the cooling tower by AquaVentor, etc.

[0011] Humid air along with fog particles and water vapor enters the AquaVentor device horizontally and passes through the air guidance inlet louvers, then it is washed and cooled in cross flow situation by water with the right flow rate and the right temperature, and the relative humidity will be close to 100%. Water with the right flow rate and the right temperature reduces (The water temperature should be less than the air wet bulb temperature and is better to be less than the air dew point) the air dry bulb temperature and the air specific volume.

[0012] At this time, the large particles of fog and water vapor will get bigger and separate from the air, then fall into the tank along with water. The remaining fog and water vapor particles in the air become larger and larger and after passing through the next louvers, they enter the row of micron dehumidifier eliminators horizontally at a suitable speed. There, these particles are trapped.

[0013] ()Fig.2

[0014] illustrates equipment of AquaVentor

[0015] The body and tank:

[0016] The body and tank (where the collected water is stored at the bottom of the body) of AquaVentor which are made of concrete, FRP, or metal with a suitable anti-corrosion and anti-rust coating.

[0017] 1) Primary air inlet louvers are used to guide the air and can be made of FRP in blade-type, or in cellular-type with PVC or PP.

[0018] 2) Washing and cooling of the inlet air with cool water at a suitable flow rate and temperature.

[0019] 3) Secondary louvers prevent water droplets from entering the row of micron dehumidifier eliminators. They can be made of FRP in blade-type, or in cellular-type with PVC or PP.

[0020] 4) Row of micron dehumidifier eliminators

[0021] ()

[0022] 5) Tertiary air outlet louvers can be made of FRP in blade-type, or in cellular-type with PVC or PP.

[0023] 6) The assembly of fan, fan stack, electric motor, and gearbox.Fig.3

[0024] illustrates micron dehumidifier eliminators

[0025] Due to the special structure of the micron dehumidifier, air velocity will be increased and so we will have turbulence in the airflow. Therefore, water vapor and fog particles get separated from the air, and owing to the water adhesion action, they stick to the walls of the eliminators. Next, in the progression of the process, because of surface tension, droplets absorb each other and get larger. Then due to their weight, they slide down the walls of the eliminators and flow into the tank. These micron dehumidifiers have the ability to trap and capture fog and water vapor particles with a diameter of 11 microns and above. After passing through the last louvers, the air leaves the device.

[0026] This decrease in the amount of air humidity (Decrease in humidity ratio or decrease in the ratio of the weight of moisture to the weight of dry air) in the micron dehumidifier in this technology has a constant enthalpy and is accompanied by an increase in the air dry bulb temperature and air specific volume. It should be noted that; The act of heating and dehumidification of the air in other thermodynamic equipment is done with chemicals and the use of hygroscopic (desiccant) materials, but in our technology, this process is done mechanically without using any chemicals.

[0027] Humid air washing by water with the right flow rate and right temperature, which decreases the air dry bulb temperature and air specific volume, and then passing the air through the micron dehumidifier eliminators, which in this constant enthalpy process, we will have a decrease in the amount of air humidity and an increase in the air dry bulb temperature.

[0028] ()Fig.4

[0029] illustrates AquaVentor Performance:

[0030] Point 1: Inlet Air

[0031] Point 2: After washed and cooled

[0032] Point 3: After passing Micron dehumidifier eliminators

[0033] If the inlet water temperature is equal to the air wet bulb temperature, the inlet and outlet water temperatures in the AquaVentor will both be equal to the air wet bulb temperature. In this condition, the AquaVentors performance shifts fromto.Fig.5

[0034] illustrates AquaVentor Performance:

[0035] Point 1: Inlet Air

[0036] Point 2: After washed and cooled

[0037] Point 3: After passing Micron dehumidifier eliminators

[0038] This air dehumidification is stored as water for drinkable water, and agricultural and industrial consumptions.

[0039] Also, according to the mentioned points, the AquaVentor technology represents a new scientific chapter in the science of thermodynamic.

[0040] This technology and device can be used for:Water production by collecting moisture, fog, and water vapor in coastal areas and on the sea surface and then converting them into water.Reducing water consumption in cooling towers and other evaporative processesWater production by collecting moisture, fog, and water vapor in coastal areas and on the sea surface and converting them into water:

[0041] The amount of humidity ratio and relative humidity in the air of the coastal areas and in the air on the sea surface is very high, and therefore the idea of doing this operation has already been worked on, but the method that we have presented and do and the equipment that we use, it is completely unique. In this technology, there is no sewage, salt, etc., therefore, the water produced by this technology is environmentally friendly. And is without any loss or damage to the region, the environment, people and living beings, the sea and marine plants and animals.

[0042] Energy and electricity consumption of this technology to produce each cubic meter of pure water without salt and without other impurities is close to 5 – 5.5 KW.Hr ( 5 – 5.5 KW.Hr / M3 )

[0043] The highest water production capacity with this technology and with one module (AquaVentor unit equipped with one fan, one electromotor and one gear box) is nearly 2000 cubic meters per day. For higher capacities, several modules should be used together.Reducing water consumption in cooling towers and other evaporation processes:

[0044] Wet cooling towers in large industrial sites such as power plants, refineries, steel complexes, petrochemicals, etc., which are large and built in several cells, consume a lot of water throughout the year. Installation of AquaVentor technology in these existing and working towers and also in the towers that will be designed and built in the future; It can reduce the water consumption of cooling towers by 60% - 70% annually (up to 55% in summer, and hot days of the year and up to 95% in winter, and cold days of the year).

[0045] When this technology exists in a tower; If only AquaVentor is turned off from the circuit in one cell of the tower, the capacity of this cell will be 2 - 2.5 times more. Because in this cell, coolant surfaces and capacity of fan and electromotor have increased. In other words, the RELIABILITY and RESILIENCY of the tower will be increased.

Claims

A completely new and inventive method for converting fog and water vapor particles to pure water suitable for drinking, agriculture, and industry with the device of converting fog and water vapor into water with abbreviated and commercial name; AquaVentor. (Fig.1)AquaVentor; fog and vapor to water conversion device and its individual components. AquaVentor obtain pure water without salt or other impurities from the moisture in the air. (Fig.2)The operation of humid air in the micron dehumidifier eliminators in AquaVentor, where the amount of air humidity decreases and the air dry bulb temperature increases simultaneously in a constant enthalpy process. This process has been done using chemicals by other devices, but now only with this invented technology, this process is completely mechanical and without the use of chemicals. Therefore, this invention and invented technology is, in addition to its inventive nature, is a completely new scientific subject and a new chapter in the science of thermodynamic.Installation rows of louvers in specific locations with specific directions to direct the airflow in AquaVentor.Simultaneous washing and cooling of the air with water at a suitable temperature and flow rate in AquaVentor, which will reduce the air dry bulb temperature, air specific volume, and increase the relative humidity of the air. (Fig.4,5)Micron dehumidifier eliminators with their special and unique design in the AquaVentor which convert fog and water vapor into water that have the ability to trap and capture fog and vapor particles in the air up to 11 microns and higher, depending on the appropriate air speed. (Fig.3)The specific installation of micron dehumidifier eliminators in the AquaVentor, which is vertical (the water flow is dripping and vertical) and the airflow between the eliminators is horizontal.

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