Network coded symbols in a physical layer
By employing a MAC format with network coded symbols and CRC codes mapped to individual code blocks, the reliability of wireless communication systems is improved by reducing segmentation errors, addressing the challenge of unreliable decoding in network coded symbol transmission.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- WO · WO
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- QUALCOMM INC
- Filing Date
- 2024-12-09
- Publication Date
- 2026-06-18
AI Technical Summary
Wireless communication systems face challenges in maintaining reliability due to the segmentation of network coded symbols across multiple code blocks, leading to potential failures in reception and decoding, especially when using fountain codes in network layers before the medium access control layer and physical layer.
Implementing a MAC format that includes only network coded symbols with corresponding CRC codes, and applying a segmentation rule that maps each network coded symbol to a single code block, ensuring each CB has a CRC code, thereby improving reliability by reducing segmentation errors.
The proposed solution enhances the reliability of wireless communication by minimizing the likelihood of reception and decoding failures of network coded symbols, thus improving overall system performance.
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Figure CN2024137750_18062026_PF_FP_ABST
Abstract
Description
NETWORK CODED SYMBOLS IN A PHYSICAL LAYERFIELD OF THE DISCLOSURE
[0001] Aspects of the present disclosure generally relate to wireless communication and specifically relate to techniques, apparatuses, and methods associated with transmitting and receiving network coded symbols in a physical layer.BACKGROUND
[0002] Wireless communication systems are widely deployed to provide various services, which may involve carrying or supporting voice, text, other messaging, video, data, and / or other traffic. Typical wireless communication systems may employ multiple-access radio access technologies (RATs) capable of supporting communication among multiple wireless communication devices including user devices or other devices by sharing the available system resources (for example, time domain resources, frequency domain resources, spatial domain resources, and / or device transmit power, among other examples) . Such multiple-access RATs are supported by technological advancements that have been adopted in various telecommunication standards, which define common protocols that enable different wireless communication devices to communicate on a local, municipal, national, regional, or global level.
[0003] An example telecommunication standard is New Radio (NR) . NR, which may also be referred to as 5G, is part of a continuous mobile broadband evolution promulgated by the Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) . NR (and other RATs beyond NR) may be designed to better support enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB) access, Internet of things (IoT) networks or reduced capability device deployments, and ultra-reliable low latency communication (URLLC) applications. To support these verticals, NR systems may be designed to implement a modularized functional infrastructure, a disaggregated and service-based network architecture, network function virtualization, network slicing, multi-access edge computing, millimeter wave (mmWave) technologies including massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) , licensed and unlicensed spectrum access, non-terrestrial network (NTN) deployments, sidelink and other device-to-device direct communication technologies (for example, cellular vehicle-to-everything (CV2X) communication) , multiple-subscriber implementations, high-precision positioning, and / or radio frequency (RF) sensing, among other examples. As the demand for connectivity continues to increase, further improvements in NR may be implemented, and other RATs, such as 6G and beyond, may be introduced to enable new applications and facilitate new use cases.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0004] The appended drawings illustrate some aspects of the present disclosure but are not limiting of the scope of the present disclosure because the description may enable other aspects. Each of the drawings is provided for purposes of illustration and description, and not as a definition of the limits of the claims. The same or similar reference numbers in different drawings may identify the same or similar elements.
[0005] Fig. 1 is a diagram illustrating an example of a wireless communication network, in accordance with the present disclosure.
[0006] Fig. 2 is a diagram illustrating an example disaggregated network node architecture, in accordance with the present disclosure.
[0007] Fig. 3 is a diagram illustrating an example of network coding, in accordance with the present disclosure.
[0008] Figs. 4A and 4B are diagrams illustrating examples associated with a medium access control format for network coded symbols, in accordance with the present disclosure.
[0009] Fig. 5 is a diagram illustrating an example associated with a segmentation rule for network coded symbols, in accordance with the present disclosure.
[0010] Figs. 6, 7, 8, and 9 are diagrams illustrating example processes associated with network coded symbols in a physical layer, in accordance with the present disclosure.
[0011] Figs. 10 and 11 are diagrams of example apparatuses for wireless communication, in accordance with the present disclosure.SUMMARY
[0012] Some aspects described herein relate to a method of wireless communication performed by a network node. The method may include generating a transport block (TB) that includes a set of network coded symbols, wherein the TB is associated with a medium access control (MAC) format, and each network coded symbol includes a corresponding cyclic redundancy check (CRC) code. The method may include segmenting the TB into a plurality of code blocks (CBs) . The method may include transmitting the TB by transmitting the plurality of CBs.
[0013] Some aspects described herein relate to a method of wireless communication performed by a user equipment (UE) . The method may include receiving a plurality of CBs. The method may include decoding a set of network coded symbols, from the plurality of CBs, using a TB size determined from a length of each network coded symbol, wherein the TB is associated with a MAC format. The method may include validating each network coded symbol using a corresponding CRC code included in the network coded symbol.
[0014] Some aspects described herein relate to a method of wireless communication performed by a network node. The method may include generating a TB that includes a fixed quantity of network coded symbols at a terminating portion of the TB. The method may include segmenting the TB into a plurality of CBs, wherein each network coded symbol is assigned to a single CB in the plurality of CBs, and each CB includes a corresponding CRC code. The method may include transmitting the TB by transmitting the plurality of CBs.
[0015] Some aspects described herein relate to a method of wireless communication performed by a UE. The method may include receiving a plurality of CBs. The method may include decoding a fixed quantity of network coded symbols, from the plurality of CBs, using a TB size determined from a length of each network coded symbol. The method may include validating each network coded symbol using a corresponding CRC code for a CB, in the plurality of CBs, that includes the network coded symbol.
[0016] Some aspects described herein relate to an apparatus for wireless communication at a network node. The apparatus may include one or more memories and one or more processors coupled to the one or more memories. The one or more processors may be configured to cause the network node to generate a TB that includes a set of network coded symbols, wherein the TB is associated with a MAC format, and each network coded symbol includes a corresponding CRC code. The one or more processors may be configured to cause the network node to segment the TB into a plurality of CBs. The one or more processors may be configured to cause the network node to transmit the TB by transmitting the plurality of CBs.
[0017] Some aspects described herein relate to an apparatus for wireless communication at a UE. The apparatus may include one or more memories and one or more processors coupled to the one or more memories. The one or more processors may be configured to cause the UE to receive a plurality of CBs. The one or more processors may be configured to cause the UE to decode a set of network coded symbols, from the plurality of CBs, using a TB size determined from a length of each network coded symbol, wherein the TB is associated with a MAC format. The one or more processors may be configured to cause the UE to validate each network coded symbol using a corresponding CRC code included in the network coded symbol.
[0018] Some aspects described herein relate to an apparatus for wireless communication at a network node. The apparatus may include one or more memories and one or more processors coupled to the one or more memories. The one or more processors may be configured to cause the network node to generate a TB that includes a fixed quantity of network coded symbols at a terminating portion of the TB. The one or more processors may be configured to cause the network node to segment the TB into a plurality of CBs, wherein each network coded symbol is assigned to a single CB in the plurality of CBs, and each CB includes a corresponding CRC code. The one or more processors may be configured to cause the network node to transmit the TB by transmitting the plurality of CBs.
[0019] Some aspects described herein relate to an apparatus for wireless communication at a UE. The apparatus may include one or more memories and one or more processors coupled to the one or more memories. The one or more processors may be configured to cause the UE to receive a plurality of CBs. The one or more processors may be configured to cause the UE to decode a fixed quantity of network coded symbols, from the plurality of CBs, using a TB size determined from a length of each network coded symbol. The one or more processors may be configured to cause the UE to validate each network coded symbol using a corresponding CRC code for a CB, in the plurality of CBs, that includes the network coded symbol.
[0020] Some aspects described herein relate to a non-transitory computer-readable medium that stores a set of instructions for wireless communication by a network node. The set of instructions, when executed by one or more processors of the network node, may cause the network node to generate a TB that includes a set of network coded symbols, wherein the TB is associated with a MAC format, and each network coded symbol includes a corresponding CRC code. The set of instructions, when executed by one or more processors of the network node, may cause the network node to segment the TB into a plurality of CBs. The set of instructions, when executed by one or more processors of the network node, may cause the network node to transmit the TB by transmitting the plurality of CBs.
[0021] Some aspects described herein relate to a non-transitory computer-readable medium that stores a set of instructions for wireless communication by a UE. The set of instructions, when executed by one or more processors of the UE, may cause the UE to receive a plurality of CBs. The set of instructions, when executed by one or more processors of the UE, may cause the UE to decode a set of network coded symbols, from the plurality of CBs, using a TB size determined from a length of each network coded symbol, wherein the TB is associated with a MAC format. The set of instructions, when executed by one or more processors of the UE, may cause the UE to validate each network coded symbol using a corresponding CRC code included in the network coded symbol.
[0022] Some aspects described herein relate to a non-transitory computer-readable medium that stores a set of instructions for wireless communication by a network node. The set of instructions, when executed by one or more processors of the network node, may cause the network node to generate a TB that includes a fixed quantity of network coded symbols at a terminating portion of the TB. The set of instructions, when executed by one or more processors of the network node, may cause the network node to segment the TB into a plurality of CBs, wherein each network coded symbol is assigned to a single CB in the plurality of CBs, and each CB includes a corresponding CRC code. The set of instructions, when executed by one or more processors of the network node, may cause the network node to transmit the TB by transmitting the plurality of CBs.
[0023] Some aspects described herein relate to a non-transitory computer-readable medium that stores a set of instructions for wireless communication by a UE. The set of instructions, when executed by one or more processors of the UE, may cause the UE to receive a plurality of CBs. The set of instructions, when executed by one or more processors of the UE, may cause the UE to decode a fixed quantity of network coded symbols, from the plurality of CBs, using a TB size determined from a length of each network coded symbol. The set of instructions, when executed by one or more processors of the UE, may cause the UE to validate each network coded symbol using a corresponding CRC code for a CB, in the plurality of CBs, that includes the network coded symbol.
[0024] Some aspects described herein relate to an apparatus for wireless communication. The apparatus may include means for generating a TB that includes a set of network coded symbols, wherein the TB is associated with a MAC format, and each network coded symbol includes a corresponding CRC code. The apparatus may include means for segmenting the TB into a plurality of CBs. The apparatus may include means for transmitting the TB by transmitting the plurality of CBs.
[0025] Some aspects described herein relate to an apparatus for wireless communication. The apparatus may include means for receiving a plurality of CBs. The apparatus may include means for decoding a set of network coded symbols, from the plurality of CBs, using a TB size determined from a length of each network coded symbol, wherein the TB is associated with a MAC format. The apparatus may include means for validating each network coded symbol using a corresponding CRC code included in the network coded symbol.
[0026] Some aspects described herein relate to an apparatus for wireless communication. The apparatus may include means for generating a TB that includes a fixed quantity of network coded symbols at a terminating portion of the TB. The apparatus may include means for segmenting the TB into a plurality of CBs, wherein each network coded symbol is assigned to a single CB in the plurality of CBs, and each CB includes a corresponding CRC code. The apparatus may include means for transmitting the TB by transmitting the plurality of CBs.
[0027] Some aspects described herein relate to an apparatus for wireless communication. The apparatus may include means for receiving a plurality of CBs. The apparatus may include means for decoding a fixed quantity of network coded symbols, from the plurality of CBs, using a TB size determined from a length of each network coded symbol. The apparatus may include means for validating each network coded symbol using a corresponding CRC code for a CB, in the plurality of CBs, that includes the network coded symbol.
[0028] Aspects of the present disclosure may generally be implemented by or as a method, apparatus, system, computer program product, non-transitory computer-readable medium, user equipment, base station, network node, network entity, wireless communication device, and / or processing system as substantially described with reference to, and as illustrated by, this specification and accompanying drawings.
[0029] The foregoing paragraphs of this section have broadly summarized some aspects of the present disclosure. These and additional aspects and associated advantages will be described hereinafter. The disclosed aspects may be used as a basis for modifying or designing other aspects for carrying out the same or similar purposes of the present disclosure. Such equivalent aspects do not depart from the scope of the appended claims. Characteristics of the aspects disclosed herein, both their organization and method of operation, together with associated advantages, will be better understood from the following description when considered in connection with the accompanying drawings.DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0030] Various aspects of the present disclosure are described hereinafter with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, aspects of the present disclosure may be embodied in many different forms. The present disclosure is not to be construed as limited to any specific aspect illustrated by or described with reference to an accompanying drawing or otherwise presented in this disclosure. Rather, these aspects are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the disclosure to those skilled in the art. One skilled in the art may appreciate that the scope of the disclosure is intended to cover any aspect of the disclosure disclosed herein, whether implemented independently of or in combination with any other aspect of the disclosure. For example, an apparatus may be implemented or a method may be practiced using various combinations or quantities of the aspects set forth herein. In addition, the scope of the disclosure is intended to cover an apparatus having, or a method that is practiced using, other structures and / or functionalities in addition to or other than the structures and / or functionalities with which various aspects of the disclosure set forth herein may be practiced. Any aspect of the disclosure disclosed herein may be embodied by one or more elements of a claim.
[0031] Several aspects of telecommunication systems will now be presented with reference to various methods, operations, apparatuses, and techniques. These methods, operations, apparatuses, and techniques will be described in the following detailed description and illustrated in the accompanying drawings by various blocks, modules, components, circuits, steps, processes, or algorithms (collectively referred to as “elements” ) . These elements may be implemented using hardware, software, or a combination of hardware and software. Whether such elements are implemented as hardware or software depends upon the particular application and design constraints imposed on the overall system.
[0032] In data transmission systems, fountain codes (also referred to as “rateless codes” or “rateless erasure codes” ) may be used to improve reliability. Fountain codes allow for a receiver to recover a set of source symbols as long as the receiver successfully receives and decodes a set of encoded symbols with a quantity of encoded symbols that is equal to, or greater than, a quantity of source symbols. Examples of fountain codes include Luby transform (LT) codes and Raptor codes.
[0033] In a wireless network, such as a Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) network, fountain codes may be referred to as “network codes” because the foundation codes are applied in a network layer (e.g., an application layer) . Fountain codes may similarly be applied in a packet data convergence protocol (PDCP) layer or a radio link control (RLC) layer, among other examples.
[0034] Because network codes are applied before a medium access control (MAC) layer and a physical (PHY) layer, a network coded symbol may be segmented across multiple code blocks (CBs) after being mapped to a transport block (TB) . As used herein, “transport block” or “TB” refers to a data payload passed from a higher layer (e.g., the MAC layer) to a lower layer (e.g., the PHY layer) , and “code block” or “CB” refers to a group of data that is smaller than a TB (e.g., to allow for wireless transmission) . A receiver may be unable to recover the network coded symbol unless all CBs including the network coded symbol are successfully received and decoded. Therefore, reliability is decreased even though network nodes are used.
[0035] Various aspects relate generally to a MAC format (e.g., for protocol data units (PDUs) ) that only includes network coded symbols, where each network coded symbol has a corresponding cyclic redundancy check (CRC) code. Some aspects more specifically relate to the MAC format excluding any MAC header and any MAC control element (MAC-CE) from a TB. Alternatively, some aspects more specifically relate to the MAC format including a MAC header with a fixed quantity of bits. Alternatively, various aspects relate generally to a segmentation rule (e.g., for a TB) such that each network coded symbol is mapped to a single CB, where each CB has a corresponding CRC code. Some aspects more specifically relate to mapping network coded symbols to a terminating portion of the TB and mapping other data to an initial portion of the TB.
[0036] Particular aspects of the subject matter described in this disclosure can be implemented to realize one or more of the following potential advantages. In some examples, because the MAC format only includes network coded symbols in a TB, the described techniques can be used to reduce segmentation of the network coded symbols across CBs. As a result, reliability is improved because a receiver is less likely to fail to receive and decode the network coded symbols. Alternatively, because the segmentation rule maps network coded symbols to CBs on a one-to-one basis, the described techniques can be used to reduce segmentation of the network coded symbols across CBs. As a result, reliability is improved because a receiver is less likely to fail to receive and decode the network coded symbols.
[0037] As described above, wireless communication systems may be deployed to provide various services, which may involve carrying or supporting voice, text, other messaging, video, data, and / or other traffic. Some wireless communications systems may employ multiple-access radio access technologies (RATs) . The multiple-access RATs may be capable of supporting communication with multiple wireless communication devices by sharing the available system resources (for example, time domain resources, frequency domain resources, spatial domain resources, and / or device transmit power, among other examples) . Examples of such multiple-access RATs include code division multiple access (CDMA) systems, time division multiple access (TDMA) systems, frequency division multiple access (FDMA) systems, orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA) systems, single-carrier frequency division multiple access (SC-FDMA) systems, and time division synchronous code division multiple access (TD-SCDMA) systems.
[0038] Multiple-access RATs are supported by technological advancements that have been adopted in various telecommunication standards, which define common protocols that enable wireless communication devices to communicate on a local, municipal, enterprise, national, regional, or global level. For example, 5G New Radio (NR) is part of a continuous mobile broadband evolution promulgated by the 3GPP. 5G NR may support enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB) access, Internet of Things (IoT) networks or reduced capability (RedCap) device deployments, ultra-reliable low-latency communication (URLLC) applications, and / or massive machine-type communication (mMTC) , among other examples.
[0039] To support these and other target verticals, a wireless communication system may be designed to implement a modularized functional infrastructure, a disaggregated and service-based network architecture, network function virtualization, network slicing, multi-access edge computing, millimeter wave (mmWave) technologies including massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) , beamforming, IoT device or RedCap device connectivity and management, industrial connectivity, licensed and unlicensed spectrum access, sidelink and other device-to-device direct communication (for example, cellular vehicle-to-everything (CV2X) communication) , frequency spectrum expansion, overlapping spectrum use, small cell deployments, non-terrestrial network (NTN) deployments, device aggregation, advanced duplex communication (for example, sub-band full-duplex (SBFD) ) , multiple-subscriber implementations, high-precision positioning, radio frequency (RF) sensing, network energy savings (NES) , low-power signaling and radios, and / or artificial intelligence or machine learning (AI / ML) , among other examples.
[0040] The foregoing and other technological improvements may support use cases, such as wireless fronthauls, wireless midhauls, wireless backhauls, wireless data centers, extended reality (XR) and metaverse applications, meta services for supporting vehicle connectivity, holographic and mixed reality communication, autonomous and collaborative robots, vehicle platooning and cooperative maneuvering, sensing networks, gesture monitoring, human-brain interfacing, digital twin applications, asset management, and universal coverage applications using non-terrestrial and / or aerial platforms, among other examples.
[0041] As the demand for connectivity continues to increase, further improvements in NR may be implemented, and other RATs, such as 6G and beyond, may be introduced to enable new applications and facilitate new use cases. The methods, operations, apparatuses, and techniques described herein may enable one or more of the foregoing technologies or new technologies and / or support one or more of the foregoing use cases or new use cases.
[0042] Fig. 1 is a diagram illustrating an example of a wireless communication network 100, in accordance with the present disclosure. The wireless communication network 100 may be or may include elements of a 5G (or NR) network or a 6G network, among other examples. The wireless communication network 100 may include multiple network nodes 110. For example, in Fig. 1, the wireless communication network 100 includes a network node (NN) 110a and a network node 110b. The network nodes 110 may support communications with multiple UEs 120. For example, in Fig. 1, the network nodes 110 support communication with a UE 120a, a UE 120b, and a UE 120c. In some examples, a UE 120 may also communicate with other UEs 120 and a network node 110 may communicate with a core network and with other network nodes 110.
[0043] The network nodes 110 and the UEs 120 of the wireless communication network 100 may communicate using the electromagnetic spectrum, which may be subdivided by frequency or wavelength into various classes, bands, carriers, and / or channels. For example, devices of the wireless communication network 100 may communicate using one or more operating bands. In some aspects, multiple wireless communication networks 100 may be deployed in a given geographic area. Each wireless communication network 100 may support a particular RAT (which may also be referred to as an air interface) and may operate on one or more carrier frequencies in one or more frequency bands or ranges. In some examples, when multiple RATs are deployed in a given geographic area, each RAT in the geographic area may operate on different frequencies to avoid interference with other RATs. Additionally or alternatively, in some examples, the wireless communication network 100 may implement dynamic spectrum sharing (DSS) , in which multiple RATs are implemented with dynamic bandwidth allocation (for example, based on user demand) in a single frequency band. In some examples, the wireless communication network 100 may support communication over unlicensed spectrum, where access to an unlicensed channel is subject to a channel access mechanism. For example, in a shared or unlicensed frequency band, a transmitting device may perform a channel access procedure, such as a listen-before-talk (LBT) procedure, to contend against other devices for channel access before transmitting on a shared or unlicensed channel.
[0044] Various operating bands have been defined as frequency range designations FR1 (410 MHz through 7.125 GHz) , FR2 (24.25 GHz through 52.6 GHz) , FR3 (7.125 GHz through 24.25 GHz) , FR4a or FR4-1 (52.6 GHz through 71 GHz) , FR4 (52.6 GHz through 114.25 GHz) , and FR5 (114.25 GHz through 300 GHz) . Although a portion of FR1 is greater than 6 GHz, FR1 is often referred to (interchangeably) as a “sub-6 GHz” band in some documents and articles. Similarly, FR2 is often referred to (interchangeably) as a “millimeter wave” band in some documents and articles, despite being different than the extremely high frequency (EHF) band (30 GHz through 300 GHz) , which is identified by the International Telecommunications Union (ITU) as a “millimeter wave” band. The frequencies between FR1 and FR2 are often referred to as mid-band frequencies, which include FR3. Frequency bands falling within FR3 may inherit FR1 characteristics or FR2 characteristics, and thus may effectively extend features of FR1 or FR2 into the mid-band frequencies. Thus, “sub-6 GHz, ” if used herein, may broadly refer to frequencies that are less than 6 GHz, that are within FR1, and / or that are included in mid-band frequencies. Similarly, the term “millimeter wave, ” if used herein, may broadly refer to mid-band frequencies or to frequencies that are within FR2, FR4, FR4-a or FR4-1, FR5, and / or the EHF band. Higher frequency bands may extend 5G NR operation, 6G operation, and / or other RATs beyond 52.6 GHz.
[0045] A network node 110 and / or a UE 120 may include one or more devices, components, or systems that enable communication with other devices, components, or systems of the wireless communication network 100. For example, a UE 120 and a network node 110 may each include one or more chips, system-on-chips (SoCs) , chipsets, packages, or devices that individually or collectively constitute or comprise a processing system, such as a processing system 140 of the UE 120 or a processing system 145 of the network node 110. A processing system (for example, the processing system 140 and / or the processing system 145) includes processor (or “processing” ) circuitry in the form of one or multiple processors, microprocessors, processing units (such as central processing units (CPUs) , graphics processing units (GPUs) , neural processing units (NPUs) (also referred to as neural network processors or deep learning processors (DLPs) ) , and / or digital signal processors (DSPs) ) , processing blocks, application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs) , programmable logic devices (PLDs) , or other discrete gate or transistor logic or circuitry (any one or more of which may be generally referred to herein individually as a “processor” or collectively as “the processor” or “the processor circuitry” ) . Such processors may be individually or collectively configurable or configured to perform various functions or operations described herein. A group of processors collectively configurable or configured to perform a set of functions may include a first processor configurable or configured to perform a first function of the set and a second processor configurable or configured to perform a second function of the set. In some other examples, each of a group of processors may be configurable or configured to perform a same set of functions.
[0046] The processing system 140 and the processing system 145 may each include memory circuitry in the form of one or multiple memory devices, memory blocks, memory elements, or other discrete gate or transistor logic or circuitry, each of which may include or implement tangible storage media such as random-access memory (RAM) or read-only memory (ROM) , or combinations thereof (any one or more of which may be generally referred to herein individually as a “memory” or collectively as “the memory” or “the memory circuitry” ) . One or more of the memories may be coupled (for example, operatively coupled, communicatively coupled, electronically coupled, or electrically coupled) with one or more of the processors and may individually or collectively store processor-executable code or instructions (such as software) that, when executed by one or more of the processors, may configure one or more of the processors to perform various functions or operations described herein. Additionally or alternatively, in some examples, one or more of the processors may be configured to perform various functions or operations described herein without requiring configuration by software. “Software” shall be construed broadly to mean instructions, instruction sets, code, code segments, program code, programs, subprograms, software modules, applications, software applications, software packages, routines, subroutines, objects, executables, threads of execution, procedures, or functions, among other examples, whether referred to as software, firmware, middleware, microcode, hardware description language, or otherwise.
[0047] The processing system 140 and the processing system 145 may each include or be coupled with one or more modems (such as a cellular (for example, a 5G or 6G compliant) modem) . In some examples, one or more processors of the processing system 140 and / or the processing system 145 include or implement one or more of the modems. The processing system 140 and the processing system 145 may also include or be coupled with multiple radios (collectively “the radio” ) , multiple RF chains, or multiple transceivers, each of which may in turn be coupled with one or more of multiple antennas. In some examples, one or more processors of the processing system 140 and / or the processing system 145 include or implement one or more of the radios, RF chains, or transceivers. An RF chain may include one or more filters, mixers, oscillators, amplifiers, analog-to-digital converters (ADCs) , and / or other devices that convert between an analog signal (such as for transmission or reception via an air interface) and a digital signal (such as for processing by the processing system 140 of the UE 120 or by the processing system 145 of the network node 110) .
[0048] A network node 110 and a UE 120 may each include one or multiple antennas or antenna arrays. Typical network nodes 110 and UEs 120 may include multiple antennas, which may be organized or structured into one or more antenna panels, one or more antenna groups, one or more sets of antenna elements, or one or more antenna arrays, among other examples. As used herein, the term “antenna” can refer to one or more antennas, one or more antenna panels, one or more antenna groups, one or more sets of antenna elements, or one or more antenna arrays. The term “antenna panel” can refer to a group of antennas (such as antenna elements) arranged in an array or panel, which may facilitate beamforming by manipulating parameters associated with the group of antennas. The term “antenna module” may refer to circuitry including one or more antennas as well as one or more other components (such as filters, amplifiers, or processors) associated with integrating the antenna module into a wireless communication device such as the network node 110 and the UE 120.
[0049] A network node 110 may be, may include, or may also be referred to as an NR network node, a 5G network node, a 6G network node, a Node B, a gNB, an access point (AP) , a transmission reception point (TRP) , a network entity, a network element, a network equipment, and / or another type of device, component, or system included in a radio access network (RAN) . In various deployments, a network node 110 may be implemented as a single physical node (for example, a single physical structure) or may be implemented as two or more physical nodes (for example, two or more distinct physical structures) . For example, a network node 110 may be a device or system that implements a part of a radio protocol stack, a device or system that implements a full radio protocol stack (such as a full gNB protocol stack) , or a collection of devices or systems that collectively implement the full radio protocol stack. For example, and as shown, a network node 110 may be an aggregated network node having an aggregated architecture, meaning that the network node 110 may implement a full radio protocol stack that is physically and logically integrated within a single physical structure in the wireless communication network 100. For example, an aggregated network node 110 may consist of a single standalone base station or a single TRP that operates with a full radio protocol stack to enable or facilitate communication between a UE 120 and a core network of the wireless communication network 100.
[0050] Alternatively, and as also shown, a network node 110 may be a disaggregated network node (sometimes referred to as a disaggregated base station) , having a disaggregated architecture, meaning that the network node 110 may operate with a radio protocol stack that is physically distributed and / or logically distributed among two or more nodes in the same geographic location or in different geographic locations. An example disaggregated network node architecture is described in more detail below with reference to Fig. 2. In some deployments, disaggregated network nodes 110 may be used in an integrated access and backhaul (IAB) network, in an open radio access network (O-RAN) (such as a network configuration in compliance with the O-RAN Alliance) , or in a virtualized radio access network (vRAN) , also known as a cloud radio access network (C-RAN) , to facilitate scaling by separating network functionality into multiple units or modules that can be individually deployed.
[0051] The network nodes 110 of the wireless communication network 100 may include one or more central units (CUs) , one or more distributed units (DUs) , and one or more radio units (RUs) . A CU may host one or more higher layers, such as a radio resource control (RRC) layer, a PDCP layer, and a service data adaptation protocol (SDAP) layer, among other examples. A DU may host one or more of an RLC layer, a MAC layer, and / or one or more higher PHY layers depending, at least in part, on a functional split, such as a functional split defined by the 3GPP. In some examples, a DU also may host a lower PHY layer that is configured to perform functions, such as a fast Fourier transform (FFT) , an inverse FFT (IFFT) , beamforming, and / or physical random access channel (PRACH) extraction and filtering, among other examples. An RU may perform RF processing functions or lower PHY layer functions, such as an FFT, an IFFT, beamforming, or PRACH extraction and filtering, among other examples, according to a functional split, such as a lower layer split (LLS) . In such an architecture, each RU can be operated to handle over the air (OTA) communication with one or more UEs 120. In some examples, a single network node 110 may include a combination of one or more CUs, one or more DUs, and / or one or more RUs. In some examples, a CU, a DU, and / or an RU may be implemented as a virtual unit, such as a virtual central unit (VCU) , a virtual distributed unit (VDU) , or a virtual radio unit (VRU) , among other examples, which may be implemented as a virtual network function, such as in a cloud deployment.
[0052] Some network nodes 110 (for example, a base station, an RU, or a TRP) may provide communication coverage for a particular geographic area. The term “cell” can refer to a coverage area of a network node 110 or to a network node 110 itself, depending on the context in which the term is used. A network node 110 may support one or more cells (for example, each cell may support communication within an angular (for example, 60 degree) range around the network node) . In some examples, a network node 110 may provide communication coverage for a macro cell, a pico cell, a femto cell, or another type of cell. A macro cell may cover a relatively large geographic area (for example, several kilometers in radius) and may allow unrestricted access by UEs 120 with associated service subscriptions. A pico cell may cover a relatively small geographic area and may also allow unrestricted access by UEs 120 with associated service subscriptions. A femto cell may cover a relatively small geographic area (for example, a home) and may allow restricted access by UEs 120 having association with the femto cell (for example, UEs 120 in a closed subscriber group (CSG) ) . In some examples, a cell may not necessarily be stationary. For example, the geographic area of the cell may move according to the location of an associated mobile network node 110 (for example, a train, a satellite, an unmanned aerial vehicle, or an NTN network node) .
[0053] The wireless communication network 100 may be a heterogeneous network that includes network nodes 110 of different types, such as macro network nodes, pico network nodes, femto network nodes, relay network nodes, aggregated network nodes, and / or disaggregated network nodes, among other examples. Various different types of network nodes 110 may generally transmit at different power levels, serve different coverage areas (for example, a cell 130a and a cell 130b) , and / or have different impacts on interference in the wireless communication network 100 than other types of network nodes 110.
[0054] The UEs 120 may be physically dispersed throughout the coverage area of the wireless communication network 100, and each UE 120 may be stationary or mobile. A UE 120 may be, may include, or may also be referred to as an access terminal, a mobile station, or a subscriber unit. A UE 120 may be, include, or be coupled with a cellular phone (for example, a smart phone) , a personal digital assistant (PDA) , a wireless modem, a wireless communication device, a handheld device, a laptop computer, a cordless phone, a wireless local loop (WLL) station, a tablet, a camera, a netbook, a smartbook, an ultrabook, a medical device, a biometric device, a wearable device (for example, a smart watch, smart clothing, smart glasses, a smart wristband, smart jewelry, a gaming device, an entertainment device (for example, a music device, a video device, or a satellite radio) , an XR device, a vehicular component or sensor, a smart meter or sensor, industrial manufacturing equipment, a Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) device (such as a Global Positioning System device or another type of positioning device) , a UE function of a network node, and / or any other suitable device or function that may communicate via a wireless medium.
[0055] Some UEs 120 may be classified according to different categories in association with different complexities and / or different capabilities. UEs 120 in a first category may facilitate massive IoT in the wireless communication network 100, and may offer low complexity and / or cost relative to UEs 120 in a second category. UEs 120 in a second category may include mission-critical IoT devices, legacy UEs, baseline UEs, high-tier UEs, advanced UEs, full-capability UEs, and / or premium UEs that are capable of URLLC, eMBB, and / or precise positioning in the wireless communication network 100, among other examples. A third category of UEs 120 may have mid-tier complexity and / or capability (for example, a capability between that of the UEs 120 of the first category and that of the UEs 120 of the second capability) . A UE 120 of the third category may be referred to as a reduced capability UE ( “RedCap UE” ) , a mid-tier UE, an NR-Light UE, and / or an NR-Lite UE, among other examples. RedCap UEs may bridge a gap between the capability and complexity of NB-IoT devices and / or eMTC UEs, and mission-critical IoT devices and / or premium UEs. RedCap UEs may include, for example, wearable devices, IoT devices, industrial sensors, or cameras that are associated with a limited bandwidth, power capacity, and / or transmission range, among other examples. RedCap UEs may support healthcare environments, building automation, electrical distribution, process automation, transport and logistics, or smart city deployments, among other examples.
[0056] In some examples, a network node 110 may be, may include, or may operate as an RU, a TRP, or a base station that communicates with one or more UEs 120 via a radio access link (which may be referred to as a “Uu” link) . The radio access link may include a downlink and an uplink. “Downlink” (or “DL” ) refers to a communication direction from a network node 110 to a UE 120, and “uplink” (or “UL” ) refers to a communication direction from a UE 120 to a network node 110. Downlink and uplink resources may include time domain resources (for example, frames, subframes, slots, and symbols) , frequency domain resources (for example, frequency bands, component carriers (CCs) , subcarriers, resource blocks, and resource elements) , and spatial domain resources (for example, particular transmit directions or beams) .
[0057] Frequency domain resources may be subdivided into bandwidth parts (BWPs) . A BWP may be a block of frequency domain resources (for example, a continuous set of resource blocks (RBs) within a full component carrier bandwidth) that may be configured at a UE-specific level. A UE 120 may be configured with both an uplink BWP and a downlink BWP (which may be the same or different) . Each BWP may be associated with its own numerology (indicating a sub-carrier spacing (SCS) and cyclic prefix (CP) ) . A BWP may be dynamically configured or activated (for example, by a network node 110 transmitting a downlink control information (DCI) configuration to the one or more UEs 120) and / or reconfigured (for example, in real-time or near-real-time) according to changing network conditions in the wireless communication network 100 and / or specific requirements of one or more UEs 120. An active BWP defines the operating bandwidth of the UE 120 within the operating bandwidth of the serving cell. The use of BWPs enables more efficient use of the available frequency domain resources in the wireless communication network 100 because fewer frequency domain resources may be allocated to a BWP for a UE 120 (which may reduce the quantity of frequency domain resources that a UE 120 is required to monitor and reduce UE power consumption by enabling the UE to monitor fewer frequency domain resources) , leaving more frequency domain resources to be spread across multiple UEs 120. Thus, BWPs may also assist in the implementation of lower-capability (for example, RedCap) UEs 120 by facilitating the configuration of smaller bandwidths for communication by such UEs 120 and / or by facilitating reduced UE power consumption.
[0058] As used herein, a downlink signal may be or include a reference signal, control information, or data. For example, downlink reference signals include a primary synchronization signal (PSS) , a secondary SS (SSS) , an SS block (SSB) (for example, that includes a PSS, an SSS, and a physical broadcast channel (PBCH) ) , a demodulation reference signal (DMRS) , a phase tracking reference signal (PTRS) , a tracking reference signal (TRS) , and a channel state information (CSI) reference signal (CSI-RS) , among other examples. A downlink signal carrying control information or data may be transmitted via a downlink channel. Downlink channels may include one or more control channels for transmitting control information and one or more data channels for transmitting data. Downlink reference signals may be transmitted in addition to, or multiplexed with, downlink control channel communications and / or downlink data channel communications. A downlink control channel may be specifically used to transmit DCI from a network node 110 to a UE 120. DCI generally contains the information the UE 120 needs to identify RBs in a subsequent subframe and how to decode them, including a modulation and coding scheme (MCS) or redundancy version parameters. Different DCI formats carry different information, such as scheduling information in the form of downlink or uplink grants, slot formal indicators (SFIs) , preemption indicators (PIs) , transmit power control (TPC) commands, hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) information, new data indicators (NDIs) , among other examples. A downlink data channel may be used to transmit downlink data (for example, user data associated with a UE 120) from a network node 110 to a UE 120. Downlink control channels may include physical downlink control channels (PDCCHs) , and downlink data channels may include physical downlink shared channels (PDSCHs) . Control information or data communications may be transmitted on a PDCCH and PDSCH, respectively. For example, a PDCCH can carry DCI, while a PDSCH can carry a MAC-CE, an RRC message, or user data, among other examples. Each PDSCH may carry one or more TBs of data.
[0059] As used herein, an uplink signal may include a reference signal, control information, or data. For example, uplink reference signals include a sounding reference signal (SRS) , a PTRS, and a DMRS, among other examples. An uplink signal carrying control information or data may be transmitted via an uplink channel. An uplink channel may include one or more control channels for transmitting control information and one or more data channels for transmitting data. Uplink reference signals may be transmitted in addition to, or multiplexed with, uplink control channel communications and / or uplink data channel communications. An uplink control channel may be specifically used to transmit uplink control information (UCI) from a UE 120 to a network node 110. An uplink data channel may be used to transmit uplink data (for example, user data associated with a UE 120) from a UE 120 to a network node 110. Uplink control channels may include physical uplink control channels (PUCCHs) , and uplink data channels may include physical uplink shared channels (PUSCHs) . Control information or data communications may be transmitted on a PUCCH and PUSCH, respectively. For example, a PUCCH can carry UCI, while a PUSCH can carry a MAC-CE, an RRC message, or user data, among other examples. UCI can include a scheduling request (SR) , HARQ feedback information (for example, a HARQ acknowledgement (ACK) indication or a HARQ negative acknowledgement (NACK) indication) , uplink power control information (for example, an uplink TPC parameter) , and / or CSI, among other examples. CSI can include a channel quality indicator (CQI) (indicative of downlink channel conditions to facilitate selection of transmission parameters, such as an MCS, by a network node 110) , a precoding matrix indicator (PMI) , a CSI-RS resource indicator (CRI) (for example, indicative of a beam used to transmit a CSI-RS) , an SS / PBCH resource block indicator (SSBRI) (for example, indicative of a beam used to transmit an SSB) , a layer indicator (LI) , a rank indicator (RI) , and / or measurement information (for example, a layer 1 (L1) -reference signal received power (RSRP) parameter, a received signal strength indicator (RSSI) parameter, a reference signal received quality (RSRQ) parameter, among other examples) which can be used for beam management, among other examples. Each PUSCH may carry one or more TBs of data.
[0060] The information (for example, data, control information, or reference signal information) transmitted by a network node 110 to a UE 120, or vice versa, may be represented as a sequence of binary bits that are mapped (for example, modulated) to an analog signal waveform (for example, a discrete Fourier transform (DFT) -spread-orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) (DFT-s-OFDM) waveform or a CP-OFDM waveform) that is transmitted by the network node 110 or UE 120 over a wireless communication channel. In some examples, the network node 110 or the UE 120 (for example, using the processing system 145 or the processing system 140, respectively) may select an MCS (for example, an order of quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) , such as 64-QAM, 128-QAM, or 256-QAM, among other examples) for a downlink signal or an uplink signal. For example, the network node 110 may select an MCS for a downlink signal in accordance with UCI received from the UE 120. The network node 110 may transmit, to the UE 120, an indication of the selected MCS for the downlink signal, such as via DCI that schedules the downlink signal. As another example, the network node 110 may transmit, and the UE 120 may receive, an indication of an MCS to be applied for the one or more uplink signals, such as via DCI scheduling transmission of the one or more uplink signals.
[0061] The network node 110 or the UE 120 (such as by using the processing system 145 or the processing system 140, respectively, and / or one or more coupled modems) may perform signal processing on the information (such as filtering, amplification, modulation, digital-to-analog conversion, an IFFT operation, multiplexing, interleaving, mapping, and / or encoding, among other examples) to generate a processed signal in accordance with the selected MCS. In some examples, the network node 110 or the UE 120 (for example, using the processing system 145 or the processing system 140, respectively, and / or one or more coupled encoders or modems) may perform a channel coding operation or a forward error correction (FEC) operation to control errors in transmitted information. For example, the network node 110 or the UE 120 may perform an encoding operation to generate encoded information (such as by selectively introducing redundancy into the information, typically using an error correction code (ECC) , such as a polar code or a low-density parity-check (LDPC) code) . The network node 110 or the UE 120 (for example, using the processing system 145 and / or one or more modems) may further perform spatial processing (for example, precoding) on the encoded information to generate one or more processed or precoded signals for downlink or uplink transmission, respectively. In some examples, the network node 110 or the UE 120 may perform codebook-based precoding or non-codebook-based precoding. Codebook-based precoding may involve selecting a precoder (for example, a precoding matrix) using a codebook. For example, the network node 110 may provide precoding information indicating which precoder, defined by the codebook, is to be used by the UE 120. Non-codebook-based precoding may involve selecting or deriving a precoder based on, or otherwise associated with, one or more downlink or uplink signal measurements. The network node 110 or the UE 120 may transmit the processed downlink or uplink signals, respectively, via one or more antennas.
[0062] The network node 110 or the UE 120 may receive uplink signals or downlink signals, respectively, via one or more antennas. The network node 110 or the UE 120 (for example, using the processing system 145 or the processing system 140, respectively, and / or one or more coupled modems) may perform signal processing (for example, in accordance with the MCS) on the received uplink or downlink signals, respectively (such as filtering, amplification, demodulation, analog-to-digital conversion, an FFT operation, demultiplexing, deinterleaving, de-mapping, equalization, interference cancellation, and / or decoding, among other examples) , to map the received signal (s) to a sequence of binary bits (for example, received information) that estimates the information transmitted by the network node 110 or the UE 120 via the downlink or uplink signals. The network node 110 or the UE 120 (for example, using the processing system 145 or the processing system 140, respectively, and / or a coupled decoder or one or more modems) may decode the received information (such as by using an ECC, a decoding operation, and / or an FEC operation) to detect errors and / or correct bit errors in the received information to generate decoded information. The decoded information may estimate the information transmitted via the downlink or uplink signals.
[0063] In some examples, a UE 120 and a network node 110 may perform MIMO communication. “MIMO” generally refers to transmitting or receiving multiple signals (such as multiple layers or multiple data streams) simultaneously over the same time and frequency resources. MIMO techniques generally exploit multipath propagation. A network node 110 and / or UE 120 may communicate using massive MIMO, multi-user MIMO, or single-user MIMO, which may involve rapid switching between beams or cells. For example, the amplitudes and / or phases of signals transmitted via antenna elements and / or sub-elements may be modulated and shifted relative to each other (such as by manipulating a phase shift, a phase offset, and / or an amplitude) to generate one or more beams, which is referred to as beamforming. For example, the network node 110b may generate one or more beams 160a, and the UE 120b may generate one or more beams 160b. The term “beam” may refer to a directional transmission of a wireless signal toward a receiving device or otherwise in a desired direction, a directional reception of a wireless signal from a transmitting device or otherwise in a desired direction, a direction associated with a directional transmission or directional reception, a set of directional resources associated with a signal transmission or signal reception (for example, an angle of arrival, a horizontal direction, and / or a vertical direction) , a set of parameters that indicate one or more aspects of a directional signal, a direction associated with the signal, and / or a set of directional resources associated with the signal, among other examples.
[0064] MIMO may be implemented using various spatial processing or spatial multiplexing operations. In some examples, MIMO may include a massive MIMO technique which may be associated with an increased (for example, “massive” ) quantity of antennas at the network node 110 and / or at the UE 120, such as in a network implementing mmWave technology. Massive MIMO may improve communication reliability by enabling a network node 110 and / or a UE 120 to communicate the same data across different propagation (or spatial) paths. In some examples, MIMO may support simultaneous transmission to multiple receivers, referred to as multi-user MIMO (MU-MIMO) . Some RATs may employ MIMO techniques, such as multi-TRP (mTRP) operation (including redundant transmission or reception on multiple TRPs) , reciprocity in the time domain or the frequency domain, single-frequency-network (SFN) transmission, or non-coherent joint transmission (NC-JT) .
[0065] To support MIMO techniques, the network node 110 and the UE 120 may perform one or more beam management operations, such as an initial beam acquisition operation, one or more beam refinement operations, and / or a beam recovery operation. For example, an initial beam acquisition operation may involve the network node 110 transmitting signals (for example, SSBs, CSI-RSs, or other signals) via respective beams (for example, of the beams 160a of the network node 110) and the UE 120 receiving and measuring the signal (s) via respective beams of multiple beams (for example, from the beams 160b of the UE 120) to identify a best beam (or beam pair) for communication between the UE 120 and the network node 110. For example, the UE 120 may transmit an indication (for example, in a message associated with a random access channel (RACH) operation) of a (best) identified beam of the network node 110 (for example, by indicating an SSBRI or other identifier associated with the beam) . A beam refinement operation may involve a first device (for example, the UE 120 or the network node 110) transmitting signal (s) via a subset of beams (for example, identified based on, or otherwise associated with, measurements reported as part of one or more other beam management operations) . A second device (for example, the network node 110 or the UE 120) may receive the signal (s) via a single beam (for example, to identify the best beam for communication from the subset of beams) . The beam (s) may be identified via one or more spatial parameters, such as a transmission configuration indicator (TCI) state and / or a quasi co-location (QCL) parameter, among other examples. The network node 110 and the UE 120 may increase reliability and / or achieve efficiencies in throughput, signal strength, and / or other signal properties for massive MIMO operations by performing the beam management operations.
[0066] Some aspects and techniques as described herein may be implemented, at least in part, using an artificial intelligence (AI) program (for example, referred to herein as an “AI / ML model” ) , such as a program that includes a machine learning (ML) model and / or an artificial neural network (ANN) model. The AI / ML model may be deployed at one or more devices 165 (for example, a network node 110 and / or UEs 120) . For example, the one or more devices 165 may include a UE 120 (for example, the processing system 140) , a network node 110 (for example, the processing system 145) , one or more servers, and / or one or more components of a cloud computing network, among other examples. In some examples, the AI / ML model (or an instance of the AI / ML model) may be deployed at multiple devices (for example, a first portion of the AI / ML model may be deployed at a UE 120 and a second portion of the AI / ML model may be deployed at a network node 110) . In other examples, a first AI / ML model may be deployed at a UE 120 and a second AI / ML model may be deployed at a network node 110. The AI / ML model (s) may be configured to enhance various aspects of the wireless communication network 100. For example, the AI / ML model (s) may be trained to identify patterns or relationships in data corresponding to the wireless communication network 100, a device, and / or an air interface, among other examples. The AI / ML model (s) may support operational decisions relating to one or more aspects associated with wireless communications devices, networks, or services.
[0067] In some aspects, the processing system 140 may include a communication manager 150. As described in more detail elsewhere herein, the communication manager 150 may receive a plurality of CBs; may decode a set of network coded symbols, from the plurality of CBs, using a TB size determined from a length of each network coded symbol, where the TB is associated with a MAC format; and may validate each network coded symbol using a corresponding CRC code included in the network coded symbol. Additionally, or alternatively, as described in more detail elsewhere herein, the communication manager 150 may receive a plurality of CBs; may decode a fixed quantity of network coded symbols, from the plurality of CBs, using a TB size determined from a length of each network coded symbol; and may validate each network coded symbol using a corresponding CRC code for a CB, in the plurality of CBs, that includes the network coded symbol. Additionally, or alternatively, the communication manager 150 may perform one or more other operations described herein.
[0068] In some aspects, the processing system 145 may include a communication manager 155. As described in more detail elsewhere herein, the communication manager 155 may generate a TB that includes a set of network coded symbols, where the TB is associated with a MAC format, and each network coded symbol includes a corresponding CRC code; may segment the TB into a plurality of CBs; and may transmit the TB by transmitting the plurality of CBs. Additionally, or alternatively, as described in more detail elsewhere herein, the communication manager 155 may generate a TB that includes a fixed quantity of network coded symbols at a terminating portion of the TB; may segment the TB into a plurality of CBs, where each network coded symbol is assigned to a single CB in the plurality of CBs, and each CB includes a corresponding CRC code; and may transmit the TB by transmitting the plurality of code blocks. Additionally, or alternatively, the communication manager 155 may perform one or more other operations described herein.
[0069] Fig. 2 is a diagram illustrating an example disaggregated network node architecture 200, in accordance with the present disclosure. One or more components of the example disaggregated network node architecture 200 may be, may include, or may be included in one or more network nodes (such one or more network nodes 110) . The disaggregated network node architecture 200 may include a CU 210 that can communicate directly with a core network 220 via a backhaul link, or that can communicate indirectly with the core network 220 via one or more disaggregated control units, such as a non-real-time (Non-RT) RAN intelligent controller (RIC) 250 associated with a Service Management and Orchestration (SMO) Framework 260 and / or a near-real-time (Near-RT) RIC 270 (for example, via an E2 link) . The CU 210 may communicate with one or more DUs 230 via respective midhaul links, such as via F1 interfaces. Each of the DUs 230 may communicate with one or more RUs 240 via respective fronthaul links. Each of the RUs 240 may communicate with one or more UEs 120 via respective RF access links. In some deployments, a UE 120 may be simultaneously served by multiple RUs 240.
[0070] Each of the components of the disaggregated network node architecture 200, including the CUs 210, the DUs 230, the RUs 240, the Near-RT RICs 270, the Non-RT RICs 250, and the SMO Framework 260, may include one or more interfaces or may be coupled with one or more interfaces for receiving or transmitting signals, such as data or information, via a wired or wireless transmission medium.
[0071] In some aspects, the CU 210 may be logically split into one or more CU user plane (CU-UP) units and one or more CU control plane (CU-CP) units. A CU-UP unit may communicate bidirectionally with a CU-CP unit via an interface, such as the E1 interface when implemented in an O-RAN configuration. The CU 210 may be deployed to communicate with one or more DUs 230, as necessary, for network control and signaling. Each DU 230 may correspond to a logical unit that includes one or more base station functions to control the operation of one or more RUs 240. For example, a DU 230 may host various layers, such as an RLC layer, a MAC layer, or one or more PHY layers, such as one or more high PHY layers or one or more low PHY layers. Each layer (which also may be referred to as a module) may be implemented with an interface for communicating signals with other layers (and modules) hosted by the DU 230, or for communicating signals with the control functions hosted by the CU 210. Each RU 240 may implement lower layer functionality. In some aspects, real-time and non-real-time aspects of control and user plane communication with the RU (s) 240 may be controlled by the corresponding DU 230.
[0072] The SMO Framework 260 may support RAN deployment and provisioning of non-virtualized and virtualized network elements. For non-virtualized network elements, the SMO Framework 260 may support the deployment of dedicated physical resources for RAN coverage requirements, which may be managed via an operations and maintenance interface, such as an O1 interface. For virtualized network elements, the SMO Framework 260 may interact with a cloud computing platform (such as an open cloud (O-Cloud) platform 290) to perform network element life cycle management (such as to instantiate virtualized network elements) via a cloud computing platform interface, such as an O2 interface. A virtualized network element may include, but is not limited to, a CU 210, a DU 230, an RU 240, a non-RT RIC 250, and / or a Near-RT RIC 270. In some aspects, the SMO Framework 260 may communicate with a hardware aspect of a 4G RAN, a 5G NR RAN, and / or a 6G RAN, such as an open eNB (O-eNB) 280, via an O1 interface. Additionally or alternatively, the SMO Framework 260 may communicate directly with each of one or more RUs 240 via a respective O1 interface. In some deployments, this configuration can enable each DU 230 and the CU 210 to be implemented in a cloud-based RAN architecture, such as a vRAN architecture.
[0073] The Non-RT RIC 250 may include or may implement a logical function that enables non-real-time control and optimization of RAN elements and resources, AI / ML workflows including model training and updates, and / or policy-based guidance of applications and / or features in the Near-RT RIC 270. The Non-RT RIC 250 may be coupled to or may communicate with (such as via an A1 interface) the Near-RT RIC 270. The Near-RT RIC 270 may include or may implement a logical function that enables near-real-time control and optimization of RAN elements and resources via data collection and actions via an interface (such as via an E2 interface) connecting one or more CUs 210, one or more DUs 230, and / or an O-eNB 280 with the Near-RT RIC 270.
[0074] In some aspects, to generate AI / ML models to be deployed in the Near-RT RIC 270, the Non-RT RIC 250 may receive parameters or external enrichment information from external servers. Such information may be utilized by the Near-RT RIC 270 and may be received at the SMO Framework 260 or the Non-RT RIC 250 from non-network data sources or from network functions. In some examples, the Non-RT RIC 250 or the Near-RT RIC 270 may tune RAN behavior or performance. For example, the Non-RT RIC 250 may monitor long-term trends and patterns for performance and may employ AI / ML models to perform corrective actions via the SMO Framework 260 (such as reconfiguration via an O1 interface) or via creation of RAN management policies (such as A1 interface policies) .
[0075] The network node 110, the processing system 145 of the network node 110, the UE 120, the processing system 140 of the UE 120, the CU 210, the DU 230, the RU 240, or any other component (s) of Fig. 1 and / or Fig. 2 may implement one or more techniques or perform one or more operations associated with transmitting and receiving network coded symbols in a PHY layer, as described in more detail elsewhere herein. For example, the processing system 145 of the network node 110, the processing system 140 of the UE 120, the CU 210, the DU 230, or the RU 240 may perform or direct operations of, for example, process 600 of Fig. 6, process 700 of Fig. 7, process 800 of Fig. 8, process 900 of Fig. 9, or other processes as described herein (alone or in conjunction with one or more other processors) . Memory of the network node 110 may store data and program code (or instructions) for the network node 110, the CU 210, the DU 230, or the RU 240. In some examples, the memory of the network node 110 may store data relating to a UE 120, such as RRC state information or a UE context. Memory of a UE 120 may store data and program code (or instructions) for the UE 120, such as context information. In some examples, the memory of the UE 120 or the memory of the network node 110 may include a non-transitory computer-readable medium storing a set of instructions for wireless communication. For example, the set of instructions, when executed by one or more processors (for example, of the processing system 145 or the processing system 140) of the network node 110, the UE 120, the CU 210, the DU 230, or the RU 240, may cause the one or more processors to perform process 600 of Fig. 6, process 700 of Fig. 7, process 800 of Fig. 8, process 900 of Fig. 9, or other processes as described herein. In some examples, executing instructions may include running the instructions, converting the instructions, compiling the instructions, and / or interpreting the instructions, among other examples.
[0076] In some aspects, a network node (e.g., the network node 110, the CU 210, the DU 230, the RU 240, and / or apparatus 1000 of Fig. 10) may include means for generating a TB that includes a set of network coded symbols, wherein the TB is associated with a MAC format, and each network coded symbol includes a corresponding CRC code; means for segmenting the TB into a plurality of CBs; and / or means for transmitting the TB by transmitting the plurality of CBs. Additionally, or alternatively, the network node may include means for generating a TB that includes a fixed quantity of network coded symbols at a terminating portion of the TB; means for segmenting the TB into a plurality of CBs, wherein each network coded symbol is assigned to a single CB in the plurality of CBs, and each CB includes a corresponding CRC code; and / or means for transmitting the TB by transmitting the plurality of CBs. The means for the network node to perform operations described herein may include, for example, one or more of communication manager 155, processing system 145, a radio, one or more RF chains, one or more transceivers, one or more antennas, one or more modems, a reception component (for example, reception component 1002 depicted and described in connection with Fig. 10) , and / or a transmission component (for example, transmission component 1004 depicted and described in connection with Fig. 10) , among other examples.
[0077] In some aspects, a UE (e.g., the UE 120 and / or apparatus 1100 of Fig. 11) may include means for receiving a plurality of CBs; means for decoding a set of network coded symbols, from the plurality of CBs, using a TB size determined from a length of each network coded symbol, wherein the TB is associated with a MAC format; and / or means for validating each network coded symbol using a corresponding CRC code included in the network coded symbol. Additionally, or alternatively, the UE may include means for receiving a plurality of CBs; means for decoding a fixed quantity of network coded symbols, from the plurality of CBs, using a TB size determined from a length of each network coded symbol; and / or means for validating each network coded symbol using a corresponding CRC code for a CB, in the plurality of CBs, that includes the network coded symbol. The means for the UE to perform operations described herein may include, for example, one or more of communication manager 150, processing system 140, a radio, one or more RF chains, one or more transceivers, one or more antennas, one or more modems, a reception component (for example, reception component 1102 depicted and described in connection with Fig. 11) , and / or a transmission component (for example, transmission component 1104 depicted and described in connection with Fig. 11) , among other examples.
[0078] Fig. 3 is a diagram illustrating an example 300 of network coding, in accordance with the present disclosure. Network coding may also be referred to as erasure coding and recovery. In the example 300, an encoder (or transmitter) may communicate with a decoder (or receiver) . The encoder is sometimes also referred to as a transmitter, an encoder node, or a transmitter node. The encoder may include a UE 120, a network node 110, and / or an IAB device, among other examples. An IAB device may include an IAB donor (e.g., a CU of an IAB donor and / or a DU of an IAB donor) or an IAB node (e.g., a DU of an IAB node and / or a mobile termination (MT) of an IAB node) . The decoder is sometimes also referred to as a receiver, a decoder node, or a receiver node. The decoder may include a UE 120, a network node 110, and / or an IAB device, among other examples.
[0079] As shown in Fig. 3, the encoder may encode data, shown as a set of source symbols 301 (also referred to as original packets) into a set of encoded symbols (e.g., including systematic symbols 307 and parity symbols 309) using network coding. While Fig. 3 uses “symbols” as example data, it is understood that the data may include any type of communication (e.g., packets) and is not limited to symbols. An encoded symbol may include a source symbol, a redundancy version (RV) of a source symbol, a combination of multiple source symbols (e.g., a subset of the source symbols 301) , and / or an RV of the combination. The number of encoded symbols may be equal to, or greater than, the number of source symbols. In some aspects, the number of encoded symbols may be potentially unlimited (e.g., the encoder may generate any number of encoded symbols) , such as when the encoder uses a rateless network coding scheme. In example 300, the encoder encodes K source symbols (where K = 6) into N encoded symbols (where N = 11) . The encoder may transmit the encoded symbols to the decoder, and the decoder may use network coding to decode the encoded symbols and recover the source symbols. As used herein, network coding may be performed using any type of network coding scheme, such as fountain coding, linear network coding, random linear network coding, LT network coding, and / or Raptor network coding, among other examples.
[0080] In example 300, the encoder performs precoding to generate a set of intermediate symbols 303 and a set of redundant symbols 305. In example 300, the encoder encodes K intermediate symbols (where K = 6) along with S LDPC redundant symbols (where S = 2) and H redundant half symbols (where H = 1) .
[0081] As further shown in Fig. 3, the encoder may choose a degree (e.g., represented by d) in order to generate a set of encoding symbols, including a set of systematic symbols 307 and a set of parity symbols 309, from the set of intermediate symbols 303 and the set of redundant symbols 305. In example 300, d is randomly chosen (with an average degree of 3) such that the encoder may perform an XOR operation on d symbols to generate each encoding symbol. Accordingly, the encoder may transmit the set of systematic symbols 307 and the set of parity symbols 309 to the decoder.
[0082] As indicated above, Fig. 3 is provided as an example of network coding. Other examples of network coding may differ from what is described with regard to Fig. 3.
[0083] Figs. 4A and 4B are diagrams illustrating examples 400 and 450, respectively, associated with a MAC format for network coded symbols, in accordance with the present disclosure. As shown in Fig. 4A, example 400 includes a TB 401 that includes a set of network coded symbols (e.g., symbol 403-1, symbol 403-2, symbol 403-3, ..., symbol 403-i in Fig. 4A, where i represents a total quantity of network coded symbols) . For example, a network node 110 may receive the set of network coded symbols (e.g., from a data source associated with an application layer or from an upper layer, such as a PDCP layer or an RLC layer) and may generate the TB 401 to include the set of network coded symbols. As further shown in Fig. 4A, the TB 401 may only include network coded symbols. For example, the TB 401 may be associated with a (new) MAC format that includes only network coded symbols. In some aspects, the network node 110 may automatically determine to use the MAC format based at least in part on a type of traffic (e.g., video traffic, XR traffic, or another type of traffic) . Additionally, or alternatively, the network node 110 may transmit, and a UE 120 may receive, DCI to schedule the TB 401. The DCI may be associated with using the MAC format, whether through a format of the DCI (e.g., a new format to be defined in 3GPP specifications or another standard) and / or a field included in the DCI (e.g., a new field to be defined in 3GPP specifications or another standard) .
[0084] Additionally, the TB 401 may lack a MAC header and a MAC-CE. The network node 110 may generate a CRC code for each network coded symbol. In example 400, CRC code 405-1 is generated for the symbol 403-1, CRC code 405-2 is generated for the symbol 403-2, CRC code 405-3 is generated for the symbol 403-3, and so on until CRC code 405-i is generated for the symbol 403-i. Therefore, a length of the TB 401 is equal to a sum of lengths of the set of network coded symbols, a set of CRC codes generated for the network coded symbols, and any headers included in the network coded symbols. Therefore, the UE 120 may validate each network coded symbol using the corresponding CRC code included in the network coded symbol.
[0085] As further shown in Fig. 4A, the network node 110 may segment the TB 401 into a plurality of CBs (e.g., CB 407-1, CB 407-2, CB 407-3, ..., CB 407-n in Fig. 4A, where n represents a total quantity of CBs) . Because the network node 110 may segment the TB 401 according to 3GPP specifications, the quantity of CBs may be different than the quantity of symbols (e.g., i ≠ n) . However, because the TB 401 includes only network coded symbols, each symbol is unlikely to be segmented into more than one or two CBs. As a result, reliability is improved because the UE 120 is less likely to fail to receive and decode the network coded symbols due to CB loss.
[0086] The network node 110 may transmit, and the UE 120 may receive, the plurality of CBs. In some aspects, as further shown in Fig. 4A, the network node 110 may apply LDPC encoding (or another similar type of encoding) to the plurality of CBs to generate a plurality of coded blocks (e.g., coded block 409-1, coded block 409-2, ..., coded block 409-n in Fig. 4A) . Accordingly, the network node 110 may transmit, and the UE 120 may receive, the plurality of coded blocks.
[0087] The UE 120 may decode the set of network coded symbols from the plurality of CBs using a TB size determined from a length of each network coded symbol. For example, the UE 120 may determine a size (e.g., represented by H) of an input sequence using an MCS level and a quantity of physical resource blocks (PRBs) . The MCS level and the quantity of PRBs may be indicated in DCI that schedules the TB 401 (e.g., as described above) . The network node 110 may further indicate a size (e.g., represented by L) of each network coded symbol (e.g., in the DCI or an RRC message, among other examples) . Additionally, or alternatively, the size of each network coded symbol may be programmed into, or otherwise preconfigured for, the UE 120 (e.g., according to 3GPP specifications and / or another standard) . In a combinatory example, the network node 110 may indicate the size of each network coded symbol, selected from a set of possible sizes that are programmed into, or otherwise preconfigured for, the UE 120 (e.g., according to 3GPP specifications and / or another standard) . Using the size of the input sequence and the size of each network coded symbol, the UE 120 may determine the size of the TB 401 (e.g., as floor (H / L) *L) .
[0088] In some aspects, the UE 120 may refrain from transmitting feedback (e.g., HARQ feedback) associated with the plurality of CBs. For example, the UE 120 may recover lost symbols using a network coding scheme associated with the set of network coded symbols (e.g., as described in connection with Fig. 3) rather than by requesting retransmission. As a result, the UE 120 and the network node 110 conserve power, processing resources, and network overhead that otherwise would have been expended on the feedback.
[0089] Example 450 of Fig. 4B is similar to example 400 of Fig. 4A and includes a TB 451 that includes a set of network coded symbols (e.g., symbol 403-1, symbol 403-2, symbol 403-3, ..., symbol 403-i in Fig. 4B, where i represents a total quantity of network coded symbols) . As further shown in Fig. 4B, the TB 451 may include, other than network coded symbols, a MAC header 453 with a fixed quantity of bits. For example, the TB 401 may be associated with a (new) MAC format that includes only network coded symbols and a header with the fixed quantity of bits. In some aspects, the network node 110 may automatically determine to use the MAC format based at least in part on a type of traffic (e.g., video traffic, XR traffic, or another type of traffic) . Additionally, or alternatively, the network node 110 may transmit, and a UE 120 may receive, DCI to schedule the TB 401. The DCI may be associated with using the MAC format, whether through a format of the DCI (e.g., a new format to be defined in 3GPP specifications or another standard) and / or a field included in the DCI (e.g., a new field to be defined in 3GPP specifications or another standard) .
[0090] The network node 110 may generate a CRC code for each network coded symbol. In example 450, CRC code 405-1 is generated for the symbol 403-1, CRC code 405-2 is generated for the symbol 403-2, CRC code 405-3 is generated for the symbol 403-3, and so on until CRC code 405-i is generated for the symbol 403-i. Therefore, a length of the TB 451 is equal to the fixed quantity of bits for the header in additional to a sum of lengths of the set of network coded symbols, a set of CRC codes generated for the network coded symbols, and any headers included in the network coded symbols. Therefore, the UE 120 may validate each network coded symbol using the corresponding CRC code included in the network coded symbol.
[0091] As further shown in Fig. 4B, the network node 110 may segment the TB 451 into a plurality of CBs (e.g., CB 407-1, CB 407-2, CB 407-3, ..., CB 407-n in Fig. 4B, where n represents a total quantity of CBs) . Because the network node 110 may segment the TB 451 according to 3GPP specifications, the quantity of CBs may be different than the quantity of symbols (e.g., i ≠ n) . However, because the TB 451 includes only the header with the fixed quantity of bits in addition to network coded symbols, each symbol is unlikely to be segmented into more than one or two CBs. As a result, reliability is improved because the UE 120 is less likely to fail to receive and decode the network coded symbols due to CB loss.
[0092] The network node 110 may transmit, and the UE 120 may receive, the plurality of CBs. In some aspects, as further shown in Fig. 4B, the network node 110 may apply LDPC encoding (or another similar type of encoding) to the plurality of CBs to generate a plurality of coded blocks (e.g., coded block 409-1, coded block 409-2, ..., coded block 409-n in Fig. 4B) . Accordingly, the network node 110 may transmit, and the UE 120 may receive, the plurality of coded blocks.
[0093] The UE 120 may decode the set of network coded symbols from the plurality of CBs using a TB size determined from a length of each network coded symbol. For example, the UE 120 may determine a size (e.g., represented by H) of an input sequence using an MCS level and a quantity of PRBs. The MCS level and the quantity of PRBs may be indicated in DCI that schedules the TB 451 (e.g., as described above) . The network node 110 may further indicate a size (e.g., represented by L) of each network coded symbol and / or a size of the header (e.g., represented by P) in the DCI or an RRC message, among other examples. Additionally, or alternatively, the size of each network coded symbol and / or the size of the header may be programmed into, or otherwise preconfigured for, the UE 120 (e.g., according to 3GPP specifications and / or another standard) . In a combinatory example, the network node 110 may indicate the size of each network coded symbol, selected from a set of possible symbol sizes that are programmed into, or otherwise preconfigured for, the UE 120 (e.g., according to 3GPP specifications and / or another standard) . Similarly, the network node 110 may indicate the size of the header, selected from a set of possible header sizes that are programmed into, or otherwise preconfigured for, the UE 120 (e.g., according to 3GPP specifications and / or another standard) . Using the size of the input sequence, the size of each network coded symbol, and the size of the header, the UE 120 may determine the size of the TB 451 (e.g., as floor ( (H –P) / L) *L) .
[0094] In some aspects, the UE 120 may refrain from transmitting feedback (e.g., HARQ feedback) associated with the plurality of CBs. For example, the UE 120 may recover lost symbols using a network coding scheme associated with the set of network coded symbols (e.g., as described in connection with Fig. 3) rather than by requesting retransmission. As a result, the UE 120 and the network node 110 conserve power, processing resources, and network overhead that otherwise would have been expended on the feedback.
[0095] As indicated above, Figs. 4A-4B are provided as examples. Other examples may differ from what is described with respect to Figs. 4A-4B.
[0096] Fig. 5 is a diagram illustrating an example 500 associated with a segmentation rule for network coded symbols, in accordance with the present disclosure. As shown in Fig. 5, example 500 includes a TB 501 that includes a fixed quantity of network coded symbols (e.g., symbol 503-1, symbol 503-2, and symbol 503-3 in Fig. 5, where other examples may include a smaller fixed quantity or a larger fixed quantity) at a terminating portion of the TB 501. For example, a network node 110 may receive the network coded symbols (e.g., from a data source associated with an application layer or from an upper layer, such as a PDCP layer or an RLC layer) and may generate the TB 501 to include the fixed quantity of network coded symbols at an end of the TB 501. As further shown in Fig. 5, the TB 501 may include a MAC PDU in an initial portion of the TB 501. In some aspects, the network node 110 may transmit, and a UE 120 may receive, DCI to schedule the TB 501.
[0097] As further shown in Fig. 5, the network node 110 may segment the TB 501 into a plurality of CBs (e.g., CB 507-1, CB 507-2, CB 507-3, CB 507-4, and CB 507-5 in Fig. 5, where other examples may include fewer CBs or additional CBs) . The network node 110 may segment the MAC PDU 505 without restriction (e.g., according to 3GPP specifications) . However, the network node 110 may assign each network coded symbol to a single CB in the plurality of CBs (e.g., the CB 507-3 includes the network coded symbol 503-1, the CB 507-4 includes the network coded symbol 503-2, and the CB 507-5 includes the network coded symbol 503-3 in example 500) . As a result, reliability is improved because the UE 120 is less likely to fail to receive and decode the network coded symbols due to CB loss.
[0098] Additionally, the network node 110 may generate a CRC code for each CB. Therefore, the UE 120 may validate each network coded symbol using the corresponding CRC code included in the CB for the network coded symbol.
[0099] The network node 110 may therefore apply a (new) segmentation rule to the fixed quantity of network coded symbols. In some aspects, the network node 110 may automatically determine to use the segmentation rule based at least in part on a type of traffic (e.g., video traffic, XR traffic, or another type of traffic) . The DCI scheduling the TB 501 may be associated with using the segmentation rule, whether through a format of the DCI (e.g., a new format to be defined in 3GPP specifications or another standard) and / or a field included in the DCI (e.g., a new field to be defined in 3GPP specifications or another standard) .
[0100] The network node 110 may transmit, and the UE 120 may receive, the plurality of CBs. In some aspects, as further shown in Fig. 5, the network node 110 may apply LDPC encoding (or another similar type of encoding) to the plurality of CBs to generate a plurality of coded blocks (e.g., coded block 509-1, coded block 509-2, coded block 509-3, coded block 509-4, and coded block 509-5 in Fig. 5, where other examples may include fewer coded blocks or additional coded blocks) . Accordingly, the network node 110 may transmit, and the UE 120 may receive, the plurality of coded blocks.
[0101] The UE 120 may decode the set of network coded symbols from the plurality of CBs using a TB size determined from a length of each network coded symbol. For example, the UE 120 may determine a size (e.g., represented by H) of an input sequence using an MCS level and a quantity of PRBs. The MCS level and the quantity of PRBs may be indicated in DCI that schedules the TB 501 (e.g., as described above) . The network node 110 may further indicate a size (e.g., represented by L) of each network coded symbol and / or the fixed quantity of network coded symbols (e.g., represented by J) in the DCI or an RRC message, among other examples. Additionally, or alternatively, the size of each network coded symbol and / or the fixed quantity of network coded symbols may be programmed into, or otherwise preconfigured for, the UE 120 (e.g., according to 3GPP specifications and / or another standard) . In a combinatory example, the network node 110 may indicate the size of each network coded symbol, selected from a set of possible sizes that are programmed into, or otherwise preconfigured for, the UE 120 (e.g., according to 3GPP specifications and / or another standard) . Similarly, the network node 110 may indicate the fixed quantity of network coded symbols, selected from a set of possible quantities that are programmed into, or otherwise preconfigured for, the UE 120 (e.g., according to 3GPP specifications and / or another standard) . Using the size of the input sequence, the size of each network coded symbol, and the fixed quantity of network coded symbols, the UE 120 may determine a size of the initial portion of the TB 501 (e.g., as H –J *L) and a size of the terminating portion of the TB 501 (e.g., as J *L) .
[0102] In some aspects, the UE 120 may transmit feedback (e.g., HARQ feedback) associated with the MAC PDU 505. Accordingly, the network node 110 may retransmit portions of the MAC PDU 505 that were not received and successfully decoded. Additionally, the UE 120 may refrain from transmitting feedback (e.g., HARQ feedback) associated with the fixed quantity of network coded symbols. For example, the UE 120 may recover lost symbols using a network coding scheme associated with the fixed quantity of network coded symbols (e.g., as described in connection with Fig. 3) rather than by requesting retransmission. As a result, the UE 120 and the network node 110 conserve power, processing resources, and network overhead that otherwise would have been expended on the feedback associated with the fixed quantity of network coded symbols.
[0103] As indicated above, Fig. 5 is provided as an example. Other examples may differ from what is described with respect to Fig. 5.
[0104] Fig. 6 is a diagram illustrating an example process 600 performed, for example, at a network node or an apparatus of a network node, in accordance with the present disclosure. Example process 600 is an example where the apparatus or the network node (e.g., network node 110) performs operations associated with transmitting network coded symbols in a PHY layer.
[0105] As shown in Fig. 6, in some aspects, process 600 may include generating a TB that includes a set of network coded symbols, where the TB is associated with a MAC format, and each network coded symbol includes a corresponding CRC code (block 610) . For example, the network node (e.g., using communication manager 1006, depicted in Fig. 10) may generate a TB that includes a set of network coded symbols, where the TB is associated with a MAC format, and each network coded symbol includes a corresponding CRC code, as described herein. As described in connection with Fig. 4A, the MAC format may include only network coded symbols. Alternatively, as described in connection with Fig. 4B, the MAC format may include only a MAC header with a fixed quantity of bits in additional to network coded symbols.
[0106] As further shown in Fig. 6, in some aspects, process 600 may include segmenting the TB into a plurality of CBs (block 620) . For example, the network node (e.g., using communication manager 1006) may segment the TB into a plurality of CBs, as described herein. As described in connection with Figs. 4A-4B, the set of network coded symbols are unlikely to be segmented across more than one or two of the plurality of CBs.
[0107] As further shown in Fig. 6, in some aspects, process 600 may include transmitting the TB by transmitting the plurality of CBs (block 630) . For example, the network node (e.g., using transmission component 1004 and / or communication manager 1006, depicted in Fig. 10) may transmit the TB by transmitting the plurality of CBs, as described herein. For example, a MAC layer of the network node may pass the plurality of CBs to a PHY layer for transmission to a UE (e.g., OTA in a wireless network) .
[0108] Process 600 may include additional aspects, such as any single aspect or any combination of aspects described below and / or in connection with one or more other processes described elsewhere herein.
[0109] In a first aspect, the set of network coded symbols includes raptor encoded symbols.
[0110] In a second aspect, alone or in combination with the first aspect, the TB lacks a MAC header and a MAC-CE.
[0111] In a third aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first and second aspects, the TB includes a MAC header with a fixed quantity of bits.
[0112] In a fourth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through third aspects, process 600 includes determining (e.g., using communication manager 1006) to use the MAC format based at least in part on a type of traffic.
[0113] In a fifth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through fourth aspects, process 600 includes transmitting (e.g., using transmission component 1004 and / or communication manager 1006) DCI to schedule the TB, where a format of the DCI is associated with using the MAC format.
[0114] In a sixth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through fifth aspects, process 600 includes transmitting (e.g., using transmission component 1004 and / or communication manager 1006) DCI to schedule the TB, where a field included in the DCI is associated with using the MAC format.
[0115] In a seventh aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through sixth aspects, process 600 includes refraining from monitoring (e.g., using reception component 1002 and / or communication manager 1006, depicted in Fig. 10) for feedback associated with the plurality of CBs.
[0116] Although Fig. 6 shows example blocks of process 600, in some aspects, process 600 may include additional blocks, fewer blocks, different blocks, or differently arranged blocks than those depicted in Fig. 6. Additionally, or alternatively, two or more of the blocks of process 600 may be performed in parallel.
[0117] Fig. 7 is a diagram illustrating an example process 700 performed, for example, at a UE or an apparatus of a UE, in accordance with the present disclosure. Example process 700 is an example where the apparatus or the UE (e.g., UE 120) performs operations associated with receiving network coded symbols in a PHY layer.
[0118] As shown in Fig. 7, in some aspects, process 700 may include receiving a plurality of CBs (block 710) . For example, the UE (e.g., using reception component 1102 and / or communication manager 1106, depicted in Fig. 11) may receive a plurality of CBs, as described herein. The UE may receive the plurality of CBs OTA in a wireless network.
[0119] As further shown in Fig. 7, in some aspects, process 700 may include decoding a set of network coded symbols, from the plurality of CBs, using a TB size determined from a length of each network coded symbol, where the TB is associated with a MAC format (block 720) . For example, the UE (e.g., using communication manager 1106) may decode a set of network coded symbols, from the plurality of CBs, using a TB size determined from a length of each network coded symbol, where the TB is associated with a MAC format, as described herein. As described in connection with Fig. 4A, the MAC format may include only network coded symbols, such that the UE determines the TB size using a size of an input sequence and a size of each network coded symbol (e.g., according to floor (H / L) *L) . Alternatively, as described in connection with Fig. 4B, the MAC format may include only a MAC header with a fixed quantity of bits in additional to network coded symbols, such that the UE determines the TB size using a size of an input sequence, a size of each network coded symbol, and a size of the MAC header (e.g., according to floor ( (H –P) / L) *L) .
[0120] As further shown in Fig. 7, in some aspects, process 700 may include validating each network coded symbol using a corresponding CRC code included in the network coded symbol (block 730) . For example, the UE (e.g., using communication manager 1106) may validate each network coded symbol using a corresponding CRC code included in the network coded symbol, as described herein. For example, the UE may validate each network coded symbol rather than validating each CB because the network coded symbols provide for data recovery (e.g., as described in connection with Fig. 3) .
[0121] Process 700 may include additional aspects, such as any single aspect or any combination of aspects described below and / or in connection with one or more other processes described elsewhere herein.
[0122] In a first aspect, the set of network coded symbols includes raptor encoded symbols.
[0123] In a second aspect, alone or in combination with the first aspect, the TB lacks a MAC header and a MAC-CE.
[0124] In a third aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first and second aspects, the TB includes a MAC header with a fixed quantity of bits.
[0125] In a fourth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through third aspects, process 700 includes determining (e.g., using communication manager 1106) to use the MAC format based at least in part on a type of traffic.
[0126] In a fifth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through fourth aspects, process 700 includes receiving (e.g., using reception component 1102 and / or communication manager 1106) DCI that schedules the TB, where a format of the DCI is associated with using the MAC format.
[0127] In a sixth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through fifth aspects, process 700 includes receiving (e.g., using reception component 1102 and / or communication manager 1106) DCI that schedules the TB, where a field included in the DCI is associated with using the MAC format.
[0128] In a seventh aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through sixth aspects, process 700 includes refraining from transmitting (e.g., using transmission component 1104 and / or communication manager 1106, depicted in Fig. 11) feedback associated with the plurality of CBs.
[0129] Although Fig. 7 shows example blocks of process 700, in some aspects, process 700 may include additional blocks, fewer blocks, different blocks, or differently arranged blocks than those depicted in Fig. 7. Additionally, or alternatively, two or more of the blocks of process 700 may be performed in parallel.
[0130] Fig. 8 is a diagram illustrating an example process 800 performed, for example, at a network node or an apparatus of a network node, in accordance with the present disclosure. Example process 800 is an example where the apparatus or the network node (e.g., network node 110) performs operations associated with transmitting network coded symbols in a PHY layer.
[0131] As shown in Fig. 8, in some aspects, process 800 may include generating a TB that includes a fixed quantity of network coded symbols at a terminating portion of the TB (block 810) . For example, the network node (e.g., using communication manager 1006, depicted in Fig. 10) may generate a TB that includes a fixed quantity of network coded symbols at a terminating portion of the TB, as described herein. As described in connection with Fig. 5, the fixed quantity of network coded symbols may be indicated by the network node (to a UE) and / or may be preconfigured.
[0132] As further shown in Fig. 8, in some aspects, process 800 may include segmenting the TB into a plurality of CBs, where each network coded symbol is assigned to a single CB in the plurality of CBs, and each CB includes a corresponding CRC code (block 820) . For example, the network node (e.g., using communication manager 1006) may segment the TB into a plurality of CBs, where each network coded symbol is assigned to a single CB in the plurality of CBs, and each CB includes a corresponding CRC code, as described herein. As described in connection with Fig. 5, the network node may apply a segmentation rule to avoid dividing a network coded symbol across multiple CBs.
[0133] As further shown in Fig. 8, in some aspects, process 800 may include transmitting the TB by transmitting the plurality of CBs (block 830) . For example, the network node (e.g., using transmission component 1004 and / or communication manager 1006, depicted in Fig. 10) may transmit the TB by transmitting the plurality of CBs, as described herein. For example, a MAC layer of the network node may pass the plurality of CBs to a PHY layer for transmission to a UE (e.g., OTA in a wireless network) .
[0134] Process 800 may include additional aspects, such as any single aspect or any combination of aspects described below and / or in connection with one or more other processes described elsewhere herein.
[0135] In a first aspect, the fixed quantity of network coded symbols includes raptor encoded symbols.
[0136] In a second aspect, alone or in combination with the first aspect, the TB includes a MAC PDU in an initial portion of the TB.
[0137] In a third aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first and second aspects, the MAC PDU is segmented across a portion of the plurality of CBs without restriction.
[0138] In a fourth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through third aspects, process 800 includes monitoring (e.g., using reception component 1002 and / or communication manager 1006, depicted in Fig. 10) for feedback associated with the MAC PDU.
[0139] In a fifth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through fourth aspects, process 800 includes transmitting (e.g., using transmission component 1004 and / or communication manager 1006) DCI to schedule the TB, where the DCI indicates the fixed quantity.
[0140] In a sixth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through fifth aspects, the fixed quantity is stored in a memory of the network node.
[0141] In a seventh aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through sixth aspects, process 800 includes refraining from monitoring (e.g., using reception component 1002 and / or communication manager 1006) for feedback associated with the fixed quantity of network coded symbols.
[0142] Although Fig. 8 shows example blocks of process 800, in some aspects, process 800 may include additional blocks, fewer blocks, different blocks, or differently arranged blocks than those depicted in Fig. 8. Additionally, or alternatively, two or more of the blocks of process 800 may be performed in parallel.
[0143] Fig. 9 is a diagram illustrating an example process 900 performed, for example, at a UE or an apparatus of a UE, in accordance with the present disclosure. Example process 900 is an example where the apparatus or the UE (e.g., UE 120) performs operations associated with receiving network coded symbols in a PHY layer.
[0144] As shown in Fig. 9, in some aspects, process 900 may include receiving a plurality of CB) (block 910) . For example, the UE (e.g., using reception component 1102 and / or communication manager 1106, depicted in Fig. 11) may receive a plurality of CBs, as described herein. The UE may receive the plurality of CBs OTA in a wireless network.
[0145] As further shown in Fig. 9, in some aspects, process 900 may include decoding a fixed quantity of network coded symbols, from the plurality of CBs, using a TB size determined from a length of each network coded symbol (block 920) . For example, the UE (e.g., using communication manager 1106) may decode a fixed quantity of network coded symbols, from the plurality of CBs, using a TB size determined from a length of each network coded symbol, as described herein. As described in connection with Fig. 5, the segmentation rule may result in a TB that includes a terminating portion with the fixed quantity of network coded symbols and an initial portion with a MAC PDU. Accordingly, the UE may determine the TB size using a size of an input sequence, a size of each network coded symbol, and the fixed quantity of network coded symbols (e.g., according to H –J *L for the initial portion and J *L for the terminating portion) .
[0146] As further shown in Fig. 9, in some aspects, process 900 may include validating each network coded symbol using a corresponding CRC code for a CB, in the plurality of CBs, that includes the network coded symbol (block 930) . For example, the UE (e.g., using communication manager 1106) may validate each network coded symbol using a corresponding CRC code for a CB, in the plurality of CBs, that includes the network coded symbol, as described herein. For example, the UE may validate each CB because each network coded symbol is mapped to a single CB.
[0147] Process 900 may include additional aspects, such as any single aspect or any combination of aspects described below and / or in connection with one or more other processes described elsewhere herein.
[0148] In a first aspect, the fixed quantity of network coded symbols includes raptor encoded symbols.
[0149] In a second aspect, alone or in combination with the first aspect, the TB includes a MAC PDU in an initial portion of the TB.
[0150] In a third aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first and second aspects, the MAC PDU was segmented across a portion of the plurality of CBs without restriction.
[0151] In a fourth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through third aspects, process 900 includes transmitting (e.g., using transmission component 1104 and / or communication manager 1106, depicted in Fig. 11) feedback associated with the MAC PDU.
[0152] In a fifth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through fourth aspects, process 900 includes receiving (e.g., e.g., using reception component 1102 and / or communication manager 1106) DCI that schedules the TB, where the DCI indicates the fixed quantity.
[0153] In a sixth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through fifth aspects, the fixed quantity is stored in a memory of the UE.
[0154] In a seventh aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through sixth aspects, process 900 includes refraining from transmitting (e.g., using reception component 1102 and / or communication manager 1106) feedback associated with the fixed quantity of network coded symbols.
[0155] Although Fig. 9 shows example blocks of process 900, in some aspects, process 900 may include additional blocks, fewer blocks, different blocks, or differently arranged blocks than those depicted in Fig. 9. Additionally, or alternatively, two or more of the blocks of process 900 may be performed in parallel.
[0156] Fig. 10 is a diagram of an example apparatus 1000 for wireless communication, in accordance with the present disclosure. The apparatus 1000 may be a network node, or a network node may include the apparatus 1000. In some aspects, the apparatus 1000 includes a reception component 1002, a transmission component 1004, and / or a communication manager 1006, which may be in communication with one another (for example, via one or more buses and / or one or more other components) . In some aspects, the communication manager 1006 is the communication manager 155 described in connection with Fig. 1. As shown, the apparatus 1000 may communicate with another apparatus 1008, such as a UE or a network node (such as a CU, a DU, an RU, or a base station) , using the reception component 1002 and the transmission component 1004. The communication manager 1006 may be included in, or implemented via, a processing system (for example, the processing system 145 described in connection with Fig. 1) .
[0157] In some aspects, the apparatus 1000 may be configured to perform one or more operations described herein in connection with Figs. 4A, 4B, and / or 5. Additionally, or alternatively, the apparatus 1000 may be configured to perform one or more processes described herein, such as process 600 of Fig. 6, process 800 of Fig. 8, or a combination thereof. In some aspects, the apparatus 1000 and / or one or more components shown in Fig. 10 may include one or more components of the network node described in connection with Fig. 1. Additionally, or alternatively, one or more components shown in Fig. 10 may be implemented within one or more components described in connection with Fig. 1. Additionally, or alternatively, one or more components of the set of components may be implemented at least in part as software stored in one or more memories. For example, a component (or a portion of a component) may be implemented as instructions or code stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium and executable by one or more controllers or one or more processors to perform the functions or operations of the component.
[0158] The reception component 1002 may receive communications, such as reference signals, control information, data communications, or a combination thereof, from the apparatus 1008. The reception component 1002 may provide received communications to one or more other components of the apparatus 1000. In some aspects, the reception component 1002 may perform signal processing on the received communications, and may provide the processed signals to the one or more other components of the apparatus 1000. In some aspects, the reception component 1002 may may include one or more components of the UE 120 described above in connection with Figure 1, such as a radio, one or more RF chains, one or more transceivers, or one or more modems, each of which may in turn be coupled with one or more antennas of the network node. In some aspects, the reception component 1002 and / or the transmission component 1004 may include or may be included in a network interface. The network interface may be configured to obtain and / or output signals for the apparatus 1000 via one or more communications links, such as a backhaul link, a midhaul link, and / or a fronthaul link.
[0159] The transmission component 1004 may transmit communications, such as reference signals, control information, data communications, or a combination thereof, to the apparatus 1008. In some aspects, one or more other components of the apparatus 1000 may generate communications and may provide the generated communications to the transmission component 1004 for transmission to the apparatus 1008. In some aspects, the transmission component 1004 may perform signal processing on the generated communications, and may transmit the processed signals to the apparatus 1008. In some aspects, the transmission component 1004 may include one or more components of the UE 120 described above in connection with Figure 1, such as a radio, one or more RF chains, one or more transceivers, or one or more modems, each of which may in turn be coupled with one or more antennas of the UE 120 of the network node described in connection with Fig. 1. In some aspects, the transmission component 1004 may be co-located with the reception component 1002.
[0160] The communication manager 1006 may support operations of the reception component 1002 and / or the transmission component 1004. For example, the communication manager 1006 may receive information associated with configuring reception of communications by the reception component 1002 and / or transmission of communications by the transmission component 1004. Additionally, or alternatively, the communication manager 1006 may generate and / or provide control information to the reception component 1002 and / or the transmission component 1004 to control reception and / or transmission of communications.
[0161] In some aspects, the communication manager 1006 may generate a TB that includes a set of network coded symbols. The TB may be associated with a MAC format, and each network coded symbol may include a corresponding CRC code. The communication manager 1006 may segment the TB into a plurality of CBs. The transmission component 1004 may transmit (e.g., to the apparatus 1008) the TB by transmitting the plurality of CBs. In some aspects, the communication manager 1006 may determine to use the MAC format based at least in part on a type of traffic. The transmission component 1004 may transmit (e.g., to the apparatus 1008) DCI to schedule the TB. A format of the DCI and / or a field included in the DCI may be associated with using the MAC format. In some aspects, the reception component 1002 and / or the communication manager 1006 may refrain from monitoring for feedback associated with the plurality of CBs.
[0162] Alternatively, the communication manager 1006 may generate a TB that includes a fixed quantity of network coded symbols at a terminating portion of the TB. The communication manager 1006 may segment the TB into a plurality of CBs, where each network coded symbol is assigned to a single CB in the plurality of CBs. Each CB may include a corresponding CRC code. The transmission component 1004 may transmit (e.g., to the apparatus 1008) the TB by transmitting the plurality of CBs. In some aspects, the reception component 1002 and / or the communication manager 1006 may monitor for feedback associated with the MAC PDU. Additionally, the reception component 1002 and / or the communication manager 1006 may refrain from monitoring for feedback associated with the fixed quantity of network coded symbols. In some aspects, the transmission component 1004 may transmit (e.g., to the apparatus 1008) DCI to schedule the TB, and the DCI may indicate the fixed quantity.
[0163] The number and arrangement of components shown in Fig. 10 are provided as an example. In practice, there may be additional components, fewer components, different components, or differently arranged components than those shown in Fig. 10. Furthermore, two or more components shown in Fig. 10 may be implemented within a single component, or a single component shown in Fig. 10 may be implemented as multiple, distributed components. Additionally, or alternatively, a set of (one or more) components shown in Fig. 10 may perform one or more functions described as being performed by another set of components shown in Fig. 10.
[0164] Fig. 11 is a diagram of an example apparatus 1100 for wireless communication, in accordance with the present disclosure. The apparatus 1100 may be a UE, or a UE may include the apparatus 1100. In some aspects, the apparatus 1100 includes a reception component 1102, a transmission component 1104, and / or a communication manager 1106, which may be in communication with one another (for example, via one or more buses and / or one or more other components) . In some aspects, the communication manager 1106 is the communication manager 150 described in connection with Fig. 1. As shown, the apparatus 1100 may communicate with another apparatus 1108, such as a UE or a network node (such as a CU, a DU, an RU, or a base station) , using the reception component 1102 and the transmission component 1104. The communication manager 1106 may be included in, or implemented via, a processing system (for example, the processing system 140 described in connection with Fig. 1) .
[0165] In some aspects, the apparatus 1100 may be configured to perform one or more operations described herein in connection with Figs. 4A, 4B, and / or 5. Additionally, or alternatively, the apparatus 1100 may be configured to perform one or more processes described herein, such as process 700 of Fig. 7, process 900 of Fig. 9, or a combination thereof. In some aspects, the apparatus 1100 and / or one or more components shown in Fig. 11 may include one or more components of the UE described in connection with Fig. 1. Additionally, or alternatively, one or more components shown in Fig. 11 may be implemented within one or more components described in connection with Fig. 1. Additionally, or alternatively, one or more components of the set of components may be implemented at least in part as software stored in one or more memories. For example, a component (or a portion of a component) may be implemented as instructions or code stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium and executable by one or more controllers or one or more processors to perform the functions or operations of the component.
[0166] The reception component 1102 may receive communications, such as reference signals, control information, data communications, or a combination thereof, from the apparatus 1108. The reception component 1102 may provide received communications to one or more other components of the apparatus 1100. In some aspects, the reception component 1102 may perform signal processing on the received communications, and may provide the processed signals to the one or more other components of the apparatus 1100. In some aspects, the reception component 1102 may may include one or more components of the UE 120 described above in connection with Figure 1, such as a radio, one or more RF chains, one or more transceivers, or one or more modems, each of which may in turn be coupled with one or more antennas of the UE.
[0167] The transmission component 1104 may transmit communications, such as reference signals, control information, data communications, or a combination thereof, to the apparatus 1108. In some aspects, one or more other components of the apparatus 1100 may generate communications and may provide the generated communications to the transmission component 1104 for transmission to the apparatus 1108. In some aspects, the transmission component 1104 may perform signal processing on the generated communications, and may transmit the processed signals to the apparatus 1108. In some aspects, the transmission component 1104 may include one or more components of the UE 120 described above in connection with Figure 1, such as a radio, one or more RF chains, one or more transceivers, or one or more modems, each of which may in turn be coupled with one or more antennas of the UE 120 of the UE described in connection with Fig. 1. In some aspects, the transmission component 1104 may be co-located with the reception component 1102.
[0168] The communication manager 1106 may support operations of the reception component 1102 and / or the transmission component 1104. For example, the communication manager 1106 may receive information associated with configuring reception of communications by the reception component 1102 and / or transmission of communications by the transmission component 1104. Additionally, or alternatively, the communication manager 1106 may generate and / or provide control information to the reception component 1102 and / or the transmission component 1104 to control reception and / or transmission of communications.
[0169] In some aspects, the reception component 1102 may receive (e.g., from the apparatus 1108) a plurality of CBs. The communication manager 1106 may decode a set of network coded symbols, from the plurality of CBs, using a TB size determined from a length of each network coded symbol. The TB may be associated with a MAC format. The communication manager 1106 may validate each network coded symbol using a corresponding CRC code included in the network coded symbol. In some aspects, the communication manager 1106 may determine to use the MAC format based at least in part on a type of traffic. Additionally, or alternatively, the reception component 1102 may receive (e.g., from the apparatus 1108) DCI that schedules the TB. A format of the DCI and / or a field included in the DCI may be associated with using the MAC format. In some aspects, the transmission component 1104 and / or the communication manager 1106 may refrain from transmitting feedback associated with the plurality of CBs.
[0170] Alternatively, the communication manager 1106 may decode a fixed quantity of network coded symbols, from the plurality of CBs, using a TB size determined from a length of each network coded symbol. The communication manager 1106 may validate each network coded symbol using a corresponding CRC code for a CB, in the plurality of CBs, that includes the network coded symbol. In some aspects, the reception component 1102 may receive (e.g., from the apparatus 1108) DCI that schedules the TB, and the DCI may indicate the fixed quantity. In some aspects, the transmission component 1104 may transmit feedback associated with the MAC PDU. Additionally, the transmission component 1104 and / or the communication manager 1106 may refrain from transmitting feedback associated with the fixed quantity of network coded symbols.
[0171] The number and arrangement of components shown in Fig. 11 are provided as an example. In practice, there may be additional components, fewer components, different components, or differently arranged components than those shown in Fig. 11. Furthermore, two or more components shown in Fig. 11 may be implemented within a single component, or a single component shown in Fig. 11 may be implemented as multiple, distributed components. Additionally, or alternatively, a set of (one or more) components shown in Fig. 11 may perform one or more functions described as being performed by another set of components shown in Fig. 11.
[0172] The following provides an overview of some Aspects of the present disclosure:
[0173] Aspect 1: A method of wireless communication performed by a network node, comprising: generating a transport block (TB) that includes a set of network coded symbols, wherein the TB is associated with a medium access control (MAC) format, and each network coded symbol includes a corresponding cyclic redundancy check (CRC) code; segmenting the TB into a plurality of code blocks (CBs) ; and transmitting the TB by transmitting the plurality of CBs.
[0174] Aspect 2: The method of Aspect 1, wherein the set of network coded symbols comprise raptor encoded symbols.
[0175] Aspect 3: The method of any of Aspects 1-2, wherein the TB lacks a MAC header and a MAC control element.
[0176] Aspect 4: The method of any of Aspects 1-2, wherein the TB includes a MAC header with a fixed quantity of bits.
[0177] Aspect 5: The method of any of Aspects 1-4, further comprising: determining to use the MAC format based at least in part on a type of traffic.
[0178] Aspect 6: The method of any of Aspects 1-5, further comprising: transmitting downlink control information (DCI) to schedule the TB, wherein a format of the DCI is associated with using the MAC format.
[0179] Aspect 7: The method of any of Aspects 1-6, further comprising: transmitting downlink control information (DCI) to schedule the TB, wherein a field included in the DCI is associated with using the MAC format.
[0180] Aspect 8: The method of any of Aspects 1-7, further comprising: refraining from monitoring for feedback associated with the plurality of CBs.
[0181] Aspect 9: A method of wireless communication performed by a user equipment (UE) , comprising: receiving a plurality of code blocks (CBs) ; decoding a set of network coded symbols, from the plurality of CBs, using a transport block (TB) size determined from a length of each network coded symbol, wherein the TB is associated with a medium access control (MAC) format; and validating each network coded symbol using a corresponding cyclic redundancy check (CRC) code included in the network coded symbol.
[0182] Aspect 10: The method of Aspect 9, wherein the set of network coded symbols comprise raptor encoded symbols.
[0183] Aspect 11: The method of any of Aspects 9-10, wherein the TB lacks a MAC header and a MAC control element.
[0184] Aspect 12: The method of any of Aspects 9-10, wherein the TB includes a MAC header with a fixed quantity of bits.
[0185] Aspect 13: The method of any of Aspects 9-12, further comprising: determining to use the MAC format based at least in part on a type of traffic.
[0186] Aspect 14: The method of any of Aspects 9-13, further comprising: receiving downlink control information (DCI) that schedules the TB, wherein a format of the DCI is associated with using the MAC format.
[0187] Aspect 15: The method of any of Aspects 9-14, further comprising: receiving downlink control information (DCI) that schedules the TB, wherein a field included in the DCI is associated with using the MAC format.
[0188] Aspect 16: The method of any of Aspects 9-15, further comprising: refraining from transmitting feedback associated with the plurality of CBs.
[0189] Aspect 17: A method of wireless communication performed by a network node, comprising: generating a transport block (TB) that includes a fixed quantity of network coded symbols at a terminating portion of the TB; segmenting the TB into a plurality of code blocks (CBs) , wherein each network coded symbol is assigned to a single CB in the plurality of CBs, and each CB includes a corresponding cyclic redundancy check (CRC) code; and transmitting the TB by transmitting the plurality of CBs.
[0190] Aspect 18: The method of Aspect 17, wherein the fixed quantity of network coded symbols comprise raptor encoded symbols.
[0191] Aspect 19: The method of any of Aspects 17-18, wherein the TB includes a MAC protocol data unit (PDU) in an initial portion of the TB.
[0192] Aspect 20: The method of Aspect 19, wherein the MAC PDU is segmented across a portion of the plurality of CBs without restriction.
[0193] Aspect 21: The method of any of Aspects 19-20, further comprising: monitoring for feedback associated with the MAC PDU.
[0194] Aspect 22: The method of any of Aspects 17-21, further comprising: transmitting downlink control information (DCI) to schedule the TB, wherein the DCI indicates the fixed quantity.
[0195] Aspect 23: The method of any of Aspects 17-22, wherein the fixed quantity is stored in a memory of the network node.
[0196] Aspect 24: The method of any of Aspects 17-23, further comprising: refraining from monitoring for feedback associated with the fixed quantity of network coded symbols.
[0197] Aspect 25: A method of wireless communication performed by a user equipment (UE) , comprising: receiving a plurality of code blocks (CBs) ; decoding a fixed quantity of network coded symbols, from the plurality of CBs, using a transport block (TB) size determined from a length of each network coded symbol; and validating each network coded symbol using a corresponding cyclic redundancy check (CRC) code for a CB, in the plurality of CBs, that includes the network coded symbol.
[0198] Aspect 26: The method of Aspect 25, wherein the fixed quantity of network coded symbols comprise raptor encoded symbols.
[0199] Aspect 27: The method of any of Aspects 25-26, wherein the TB includes a MAC protocol data unit (PDU) in an initial portion of the TB.
[0200] Aspect 28: The method of Aspect 27, wherein the MAC PDU was segmented across a portion of the plurality of CBs without restriction.
[0201] Aspect 29: The method of any of Aspects 27-28, further comprising: transmitting feedback associated with the MAC PDU.
[0202] Aspect 30: The method of any of Aspects 25-29, further comprising: receiving downlink control information (DCI) that schedules the TB, wherein the DCI indicates the fixed quantity.
[0203] Aspect 31: The method of any of Aspects 25-30, wherein the fixed quantity is stored in a memory of the UE.
[0204] Aspect 32: The method of any of Aspects 25-31, further comprising: refraining from transmitting feedback associated with the fixed quantity of network coded symbols.
[0205] Aspect 33: An apparatus for wireless communication at a device, the apparatus comprising one or more processors; one or more memories coupled with the one or more processors; and instructions stored in the one or more memories and executable by the one or more processors to cause the apparatus to perform the method of one or more of Aspects 1-32.
[0206] Aspect 34: An apparatus for wireless communication at a device, the apparatus comprising one or more memories and one or more processors coupled to the one or more memories, the one or more processors configured to cause the device to perform the method of one or more of Aspects 1-32.
[0207] Aspect 35: An apparatus for wireless communication, the apparatus comprising at least one means for performing the method of one or more of Aspects 1-32.
[0208] Aspect 36: A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communication, the code comprising instructions executable by one or more processors to perform the method of one or more of Aspects 1-32.
[0209] Aspect 37: A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing a set of instructions for wireless communication, the set of instructions comprising one or more instructions that, when executed by one or more processors of a device, cause the device to perform the method of one or more of Aspects 1-32.
[0210] Aspect 38: A device for wireless communication, the device comprising a processing system that includes one or more processors and one or more memories coupled with the one or more processors, the processing system configured to cause the device to perform the method of one or more of Aspects 1-32.
[0211] Aspect 39: An apparatus for wireless communication at a device, the apparatus comprising one or more memories and one or more processors coupled to the one or more memories, the one or more processors individually or collectively configured to cause the device to perform the method of one or more of Aspects 1-32.
[0212] The foregoing disclosure provides illustration and description but is not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the aspects to the precise forms disclosed. Modifications and variations may be made in light of the above disclosure or may be acquired from practice of the aspects. No element, act, or instruction described herein should be construed as critical or essential unless explicitly described as such.
[0213] It will be apparent that systems or methods described herein may be implemented in different forms of hardware or a combination of hardware and software. The actual specialized control hardware or software used to implement these systems or methods is not limiting of the aspects. Thus, the operation and behavior of the systems or methods are described herein without reference to specific software code, because those skilled in the art will understand that software and hardware can be designed to implement the systems or methods based, at least in part, on the description herein. A component being configured to perform a function means that the component has a capability to perform the function, and does not require the function to be actually performed by the component, unless noted otherwise.
[0214] As used herein, the articles “a” and “an” are intended to refer to one or more items and may be used interchangeably with “one or more” or “at least one. ” Further, as used herein, the article “the” is intended to include one or more items referenced in connection with the article “the” and may be used interchangeably with “the one or more. ” Furthermore, as used herein, the terms “set” and “group” are intended to include one or more items and may be used interchangeably with “one or more. ” Where only one item is intended, the phrase “only one” or “asingle one” or similar language is used. Also, as used herein, the terms “has, ” “have, ” “having, ” “comprise, ” “comprising, ” “include” and “including, ” and derivatives thereof or similar terms are intended to be open-ended terms that do not limit an element that they modify (for example, an element “having” A may also have B) . Also, as used herein, the term “or” is intended to be inclusive when used in a series and may be used interchangeably with “and / or, ” unless explicitly stated otherwise (for example, if used in combination with “either” or “only one of” ) . As used herein, a phrase referring to “at least one of” a list of items refers to any combination of those items, including single members. As an example, “at least one of: a, b, or c” is intended to cover a, b, c, a + b, a + c, b + c, and a + b + c, as well as any combination with multiples of the same element (for example, a + a, a + a + a, a + a + b, a + a + c, a + b + b, a + c + c, b + b, b + b + b, b + b + c, c + c, and c + c + c, or any other ordering of a, b, and c) .
[0215] As used herein, the term “determine” or “determining” encompasses a wide variety of actions and, therefore, “determining” can include calculating, computing, processing, deriving, estimating, investigating, looking up (such as via looking up in a table, a database, or another data structure) , searching, inferring, ascertaining, and / or measuring, among other possibilities. Also, “determining” can include receiving (such as receiving information) , accessing (such as accessing data stored in memory) or transmitting (such as transmitting information) , among other possibilities. Additionally, “determining” can include resolving, selecting, obtaining, choosing, establishing, and / or other such similar actions.
[0216] As used herein, the phrase “based on” is intended to mean “based at least in part on” or “based on or otherwise in association with” unless explicitly stated otherwise. As used herein, “satisfying a threshold” may, depending on the context, refer to a value being greater than the threshold, greater than or equal to the threshold, less than the threshold, less than or equal to the threshold, equal to the threshold, or not equal to the threshold, among other examples.
[0217] Even though particular combinations of features are recited in the claims or disclosed in the specification, these combinations are not intended to limit the scope of all aspects described herein. Many of these features may be combined in ways not specifically recited in the claims or disclosed in the specification. The disclosure of various aspects includes each dependent claim in combination with every other claim in the claim set.
Claims
1.An apparatus for wireless communication at a network node, comprising:one or more memories; andone or more processors, coupled to the one or more memories, configured to cause the network node to:generate a transport block (TB) that includes a set of network coded symbols, wherein the TB is associated with a medium access control (MAC) format, and each network coded symbol includes a corresponding cyclic redundancy check (CRC) code;segment the TB into a plurality of code blocks (CBs) ; andtransmit the TB by transmitting the plurality of CBs.2.The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the set of network coded symbols comprise raptor encoded symbols.3.The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the TB lacks a MAC header and a MAC control element.4.The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the TB includes a MAC header with a fixed quantity of bits.5.The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the one or more processors are configured to cause the network node to:determine to use the MAC format based at least in part on a type of traffic.6.The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the one or more processors are configured to cause the network node to:transmit downlink control information (DCI) to schedule the TB,wherein a format of the DCI is associated with using the MAC format.7.The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the one or more processors are configured to cause the network node to:transmit downlink control information (DCI) to schedule the TB,wherein a field included in the DCI is associated with using the MAC format.8.The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the one or more processors are configured to cause the network node to:refrain from monitoring for feedback associated with the plurality of CBs.9.An apparatus for wireless communication at a user equipment (UE) , comprising:one or more memories; andone or more processors, coupled to the one or more memories, configured to cause the UE to:receive a plurality of code blocks (CBs) ;decode a set of network coded symbols, from the plurality of CBs, using a transport block (TB) size determined from a length of each network coded symbol, wherein the TB is associated with a medium access control (MAC) format; andvalidate each network coded symbol using a corresponding cyclic redundancy check (CRC) code included in the network coded symbol.10.The apparatus of claim 9, wherein the set of network coded symbols comprise raptor encoded symbols.11.The apparatus of claim 9, wherein the TB lacks a MAC header and a MAC control element.12.The apparatus of claim 9, wherein the TB includes a MAC header with a fixed quantity of bits.13.The apparatus of claim 9, wherein the one or more processors are configured to cause the UE to:determine to use the MAC format based at least in part on a type of traffic.14.The apparatus of claim 9, wherein the one or more processors are configured to cause the UE to:receive downlink control information (DCI) that schedules the TB,wherein a format of the DCI is associated with using the MAC format.15.The apparatus of claim 9, wherein the one or more processors are configured to cause the UE to:receive downlink control information (DCI) that schedules the TB,wherein a field included in the DCI is associated with using the MAC format.16.The apparatus of claim 9, wherein the one or more processors are configured to cause the UE to:refrain from transmitting feedback associated with the plurality of CBs.17.An apparatus for wireless communication at a network node, comprising:one or more memories; andone or more processors, coupled to the one or more memories, configured to cause the network node to:generate a transport block (TB) that includes a fixed quantity of network coded symbols at a terminating portion of the TB;segment the TB into a plurality of code blocks (CBs) , wherein each network coded symbol is assigned to a single CB in the plurality of CBs, and each CB includes a corresponding cyclic redundancy check (CRC) code; andtransmit the TB by transmitting the plurality of CBs.18.The apparatus of claim 17, wherein the fixed quantity of network coded symbols comprise raptor encoded symbols.19.The apparatus of claim 17, wherein the TB includes a MAC protocol data unit (PDU) in an initial portion of the TB.20.The apparatus of claim 19, wherein the MAC PDU is segmented across a portion of the plurality of CBs without restriction.21.The apparatus of claim 19, wherein the one or more processors are configured to cause the network node to:monitor for feedback associated with the MAC PDU.22.The apparatus of claim 17, wherein the one or more processors are configured to cause the network node to:transmit downlink control information (DCI) to schedule the TB,wherein the DCI indicates the fixed quantity.23.The apparatus of claim 17, wherein the one or more processors are configured to cause the network node to:refrain from monitoring for feedback associated with the fixed quantity of network coded symbols.24.An apparatus for wireless communication at a user equipment (UE) , comprising:one or more memories; andone or more processors, coupled to the one or more memories, configured to cause the UE to:receive a plurality of code blocks (CBs) ;decode a fixed quantity of network coded symbols, from the plurality of CBs, using a transport block (TB) size determined from a length of each network coded symbol; andvalidate each network coded symbol using a corresponding cyclic redundancy check (CRC) code for a CB, in the plurality of CBs, that includes the network coded symbol.25.The apparatus of claim 24, wherein the fixed quantity of network coded symbols comprise raptor encoded symbols.26.The apparatus of claim 24, wherein the TB includes a MAC protocol data unit (PDU) in an initial portion of the TB.27.The apparatus of claim 26, wherein the MAC PDU was segmented across a portion of the plurality of CBs without restriction.28.The apparatus of claim 26, wherein the one or more processors are configured to cause the UE to:transmit feedback associated with the MAC PDU.29.The apparatus of claim 24, wherein the one or more processors are configured to cause the UE to:receive downlink control information (DCI) that schedules the TB,wherein the DCI indicates the fixed quantity.30.The apparatus of claim 24, wherein the one or more processors are configured to cause the UE to:refrain from transmitting feedback associated with the fixed quantity of network coded symbols.