Method for generating attachment plan for orthodontic treatment using shell-shaped dental aligner
By using a computer-executed method based on orthodontic force and material information, the position and size of shell-shaped orthodontic appliance attachments are determined, which solves the problem of lack of personalization in attachment design in the prior art and achieves effective orthodontic results and an attachment solution that avoids collisions.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- WO · WO
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- HANGZHOU ZOHO INFORMATION TECH CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2025-12-05
- Publication Date
- 2026-06-18
AI Technical Summary
Existing shell-shaped orthodontic appliances lack personalized design when determining the type and position of attachments, cannot effectively address the diverse shapes and movement patterns of teeth, and cannot pre-calculate the force required for each tooth and the force provided by the attachments, resulting in a lack of targeted attachment position and shape.
Using a computer-executed method, based on the required orthodontic force and material information of the shell-shaped orthodontic appliance, the method identifies the teeth that need attachments and their types, and uses an objective function to calculate the optimal solution for the pose and size of the attachments, ensuring that the attachments can provide the required enhanced orthodontic force.
The personalized attachment design avoids collisions between attachments and adjacent teeth during each step of the orthodontic process, provides maximum orthodontic force, and improves the effect of tooth repositioning.
Smart Images
Figure CN2025140360_18062026_PF_FP_ABST
Abstract
Description
Methods for generating attachment plans in orthodontic treatment using shell-shaped orthodontic appliances Technical Field
[0001] This application generally relates to a computer-executed method for generating attachment plans for orthodontic treatment using shell-shaped dental appliances. Background Technology
[0002] Due to their aesthetic appeal, convenience, and ease of cleaning, shell-shaped dental appliances based on polymer materials are becoming increasingly popular.
[0003] A shell-shaped orthodontic appliance is a single, integrated shell that forms a cavity to accommodate multiple teeth. Typically, the geometry of this cavity closely matches the arrangement of the teeth. Orthodontic treatment using shell-shaped appliances generally requires dozens of successive applications. By wearing these appliances one after another, the patient's teeth are gradually repositioned from their initial arrangement to the target arrangement.
[0004] Shell-type orthodontic appliances utilize the restoring force generated by deformation to reposition a patient's teeth from their current alignment to a predetermined one. However, shell-type appliances alone have limited effectiveness in certain areas of movement, such as axial alignment, rotation, torque, and root control. Therefore, in some cases, attachments are cemented to the tooth surface, leveraging the interaction between the shell-type appliance and the attachments to enhance the appliance's ability to reposition teeth.
[0005] The existing method for determining the type and location of attachments is to first determine whether each tooth needs an attachment based on the rules of manual arrangement, and then determine the location of the attachment by using a grid search method according to predefined rules.
[0006] However, teeth vary greatly in shape and movement, and the mechanical properties of different materials used in shell-shaped orthodontic appliances differ, making it difficult to cover all situations with a set of rules. Furthermore, existing methods cannot pre-calculate the force required for each tooth or the force provided by each attachment; therefore, the determined attachment positions and shapes lack personalized design for specific cases. Moreover, existing methods determine the attachment positions and shapes only based on the initial and target positions of the teeth, failing to provide personalized design according to a step-by-step, specific plan.
[0007] In view of the above-mentioned problems with existing methods for determining the type and position of attachments, it is necessary to provide a new method for generating attachment schemes for orthodontic treatment using shell-shaped dental appliances. Summary of the Invention
[0008] One aspect of this application provides a computer-executed method for generating attachment schemes for orthodontic treatment using shell-type orthodontic appliances, comprising: determining the required enhanced orthodontic force for each tooth based on the required orthodontic forces for each tooth in order to achieve the orthodontic goal—a patient's dentition—and thresholds of the orthodontic forces that the shell-type orthodontic appliance can apply to each tooth without attachments; and determining, based on this, the teeth for which attachments need to be added and the types of attachments to be added, wherein the type of attachment includes the shape of the attachment; establishing a feasible installation domain for each attachment, each feasible installation domain including an area on the surface of a corresponding tooth where the corresponding attachment can be installed; and calculating, based on the feasible domain, an optimal solution for the pose and size of each attachment using an objective function, wherein the optimal solution for the pose and size of each attachment provides a corresponding enhanced orthodontic force greater than or equal to the corresponding orthodontic force required by the corresponding tooth.
[0009] In some implementations, the optimal solution for the pose and size of each of the described attachments provides the maximum corresponding corrective force that needs to be enhanced.
[0010] In some embodiments, the corrective force is one of the following: a force along the x-axis of the local dental coordinate system, a force along the y-axis of the local dental coordinate system, a force along the z-axis of the local dental coordinate system, a torque about the x-axis of the local dental coordinate system, a torque about the y-axis of the local dental coordinate system, and a torque about the z-axis of the local dental coordinate system.
[0011] In some embodiments, the computer-executed method for generating an attachment plan for orthodontic treatment using shell-shaped dental appliances further includes: calculating, based on the initial and target tooth layout of the dentition, the orthodontic forces required for each tooth in the dentition to achieve the treatment target.
[0012] In some implementations, the orthodontic forces required to achieve the orthodontic goal for each tooth of the dentition are calculated based on a three-dimensional digital model representing the initial and target tooth layouts of the dentition.
[0013] In some implementations, the orthodontic forces required to achieve the orthodontic goal for each tooth of the dentition are predicted using a trained deep neural network based on a three-dimensional digital model representing the initial and target tooth layouts of the dentition.
[0014] In some implementations, the training dataset used to train the deep neural network is obtained through simulations based on a large number of cases using mechanical analysis tools.
[0015] In some embodiments, the computer-executed method for generating attachment plans for orthodontic treatment using shell-type orthodontic appliances further includes: determining, based on material information of the shell-type orthodontic appliance, threshold values of each orthodontic force that the shell-type orthodontic appliance can apply to each tooth without attachments, the material information including the type and thickness of the material.
[0016] In some implementations, the threshold values of each orthodontic force that the shell-shaped orthodontic appliance can apply to each tooth under the condition of no attachments are determined based on the material information of the shell-shaped orthodontic appliance and statistical results, which are obtained by statistically analyzing data obtained from simulations of a large number of cases using mechanical analysis tools.
[0017] In some implementations, the feasible installation domain of an attachment is created based on the following two constraints: the attachment is located on the labial / buccal surface of the corresponding tooth; and the attachment is located at a distance greater than a predetermined distance from the gingival line.
[0018] The computer-executed method for generating attachment schemes for orthodontic treatment using shell-shaped dental appliances as described in claim 10, characterized in that the feasible domain for attachment installation is further created based on the constraint that the attachment of minimum size does not collide with intramaxillary adjacent teeth or opposing adjacent teeth.
[0019] In some implementations, for an attachment, the optimal solution of the objective function satisfies the following two conditions: the attachment does not collide with adjacent intramaxillary teeth or opposing adjacent teeth in all orthodontic steps; and the pose of the attachment belongs to the installation feasible region.
[0020] In some implementations, the length, width, and height ratios of the attachment are variable during the process of solving the objective function for an attachment.
[0021] Another aspect of this application provides a computer execution system for generating attachment plans for orthodontic treatment using shell-type orthodontic appliances, comprising: a processor; and a storage device storing a computer program for generating attachment plans for orthodontic treatment using shell-type orthodontic appliances, wherein when executed, the processor performs the method for generating attachment plans for orthodontic treatment using shell-type orthodontic appliances as described in claim 1. Attached Figure Description
[0022] The above and other features of this application will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and their detailed description. It should be understood that these drawings only illustrate several exemplary embodiments according to this application and should not be considered as limiting the scope of protection of this application. Unless otherwise specified, the drawings are not necessarily to scale, and similar reference numerals denote similar parts.
[0023] Figure 1 is a schematic flowchart of a computer-executed method for generating attachment schemes for orthodontic treatment using shell-shaped dental appliances, according to one embodiment of this application; and
[0024] Figure 2 shows an interface of a computer program for generating attachment schemes for orthodontic treatment using shell-shaped dental appliances, according to an embodiment of this application, illustrating the attachment scheme generated for tooth 11 in an example using the method of this application. Detailed Implementation
[0025] The following detailed description incorporates the accompanying drawings, which form part of this specification. The illustrative embodiments mentioned in the specification and drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of this application. Those skilled in the art will understand, based on the teachings of this application, that many other embodiments can be employed and various changes can be made to the described embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of this application. It should be understood that the various aspects of this application illustrated herein can be arranged, substituted, combined, separated, and designed in many different configurations, all of which are within the scope of this application.
[0026] One aspect of this application provides a computer-executed method for generating attachment schemes for orthodontic treatment using shell-type orthodontic appliances. The method determines the teeth requiring attachments and the types of attachments needed based on the required orthodontic forces for each tooth and the maximum orthodontic force that the shell-type orthodontic appliance can exert. Then, it establishes a feasible installation region for the teeth requiring attachments. Finally, it calculates the optimal solution for the pose and size of each attachment based on the feasible region using an objective function.
[0027] Another aspect of this application provides a computer system for generating attachment plans for orthodontic treatment using shell-type orthodontic appliances, comprising a processor and a storage device, wherein the storage device stores a computer program for generating attachment plans for orthodontic treatment using shell-type orthodontic appliances, and when executed, the processor performs the method for generating attachment plans for orthodontic treatment using shell-type orthodontic appliances.
[0028] Please refer to Figure 1, which is a schematic flowchart of a computer-executed method 100 for generating an accessory scheme for orthodontic treatment using a shell-shaped dental appliance, according to one embodiment of this application.
[0029] In 101, the orthodontic force required for each tooth to achieve the treatment goal is calculated based on the orthodontic treatment plan.
[0030] In one embodiment, an orthodontic treatment plan utilizing a shell-shaped dental appliance may include a digital dataset representing a plurality of successive tooth layouts from an initial tooth layout to a target tooth layout. For example, a three-dimensional digital model representing a plurality of successive tooth layouts from an initial tooth layout to a target tooth layout, or a digital dataset representing the pose (position and angle) of each tooth under a plurality of successive tooth layouts from an initial tooth layout to a target tooth layout.
[0031] The initial tooth layout is the patient's tooth arrangement before orthodontic treatment, while the target tooth layout is the desired tooth arrangement achieved during orthodontic treatment. The multiple intermediate tooth layouts between the initial and target tooth layouts represent the desired tooth arrangements for each subsequent orthodontic step.
[0032] In one embodiment, a trained first deep neural network can be used to predict the orthodontic forces (including force and torque) required to achieve the orthodontic target for each tooth, based on a three-dimensional digital model representing the patient's initial and target tooth layout.
[0033] In some cases, the orthodontic force required for a tooth is the force needed to move the tooth. In other cases, the orthodontic force required for a tooth is the reaction force of the support force required by the tooth. In still other cases, the orthodontic force required for a tooth is the resultant force of the force needed to move the tooth and the reaction force of the support force required by the tooth.
[0034] In one embodiment, the first deep neural network may be DGCNN (Deep Graph Convolutional Neural Network). It is understood that, in addition to DGCNN, the first deep neural network may also be any other applicable deep neural network.
[0035] In one embodiment, a mechanical analysis tool, such as a finite element analysis tool, can be used to simulate orthodontic treatment based on a large amount of case data to obtain the orthodontic forces (including forces and torques) required for each tooth to achieve the orthodontic goal. This data is then used as a training set to train the first deep neural network.
[0036] The following example of a method for generating an attachment for a single tooth will be used to illustrate the method of this application in detail.
[0037] Please refer to Table 1 below. The first deep neural network is used to predict the orthodontic force required to achieve the orthodontic goal of tooth 11 based on a three-dimensional digital model representing the patient's initial tooth layout and target tooth layout.
[0038]
[0039] Table 1
[0040] Among them, F x F represents the corrective force along the x-axis of the local coordinate system. y F represents the corrective force along the y-axis of the local coordinate system. z M represents the corrective force along the z-axis of the local coordinate system. x M represents the torque about the x-axis of the local coordinate system. y M represents the torque about the y-axis of the local coordinate system. z This represents the torque about the z-axis of the local coordinate system. In Table 1, the unit for force is N, and the unit for torque is N·mm.
[0041] In another embodiment, mechanical analysis tools, such as finite element analysis tools, can also be used to simulate orthodontic treatment based on the orthodontic treatment plan and calculate the orthodontic force required for each tooth to achieve the treatment goal.
[0042] In another embodiment, a linear model can also be used to calculate the orthodontic force required for each tooth to achieve the orthodontic goal based on the orthodontic treatment plan.
[0043] In 103, the force threshold applied to each tooth in each direction is determined based on the material information of the shell-shaped orthodontic appliance.
[0044] In one embodiment, the material information for the shell-shaped orthodontic appliance includes the type and thickness of the material.
[0045] The force threshold of a shell-shaped orthodontic appliance on a tooth in all directions refers to the maximum force (including force and torque) that it can apply to a tooth in all directions.
[0046] In one embodiment, mechanical analysis tools, such as finite element analysis tools, can be used to perform simulations based on a large amount of case data to obtain statistical results of the force thresholds exerted on a tooth in each direction by shell-shaped orthodontic appliances made of various materials.
[0047] In one example, for a selected shell-shaped orthodontic appliance material model, the threshold force that can be applied to tooth 11 along the x, y, and z axes is 5 N, and the threshold torque about the x, y, and z axes is 100 N·mm.
[0048] It should be noted that the force threshold and torque threshold of the same material may be different for different teeth.
[0049] Numerous experiments have shown that, based on the statistical results mentioned above, the force thresholds of shell-shaped orthodontic appliances applied to each tooth in each direction can be determined relatively accurately.
[0050] In step 105, the teeth requiring attachments and the types of attachments are determined based on the required orthodontic force for each tooth and the force threshold of the shell-shaped orthodontic appliance.
[0051] In one embodiment, the required orthodontic force for a tooth can be determined based on the orthodontic forces (including force and torque) needed in each direction and the corresponding force thresholds. Based on this, it can be determined whether an attachment is needed and, if so, what type of attachment it should be. The type of attachment includes its basic shape but not its size.
[0052] In the above example, to achieve the orthodontic goal, the absolute values of the orthodontic forces required for tooth 11 along both the x-axis and y-axis exceed the corresponding thresholds, while the required orthodontic forces and torques in other directions do not exceed the corresponding thresholds. Therefore, when determining the attachment plan for tooth 11, only the required orthodontic forces along the x-axis and y-axis need to be considered.
[0053] Since the absolute value of the orthodontic force required for tooth 11 along the x-axis is 9.122063 N, which is significantly greater than the absolute value of the orthodontic force required along the y-axis (6.546936 N), and the direction of the required orthodontic force along the x-axis is negative, an accessory that can increase the orthodontic force along the negative x-axis can be selected for tooth 11 from the accessory database. The accessory database is a pre-built database that includes available accessory types.
[0054] The above is a simple example of determining whether a tooth needs attachments and the type of attachments that should be added, based on the orthodontic force required for that tooth and the threshold of the corresponding orthodontic force that a shell-type orthodontic appliance can apply to that tooth. Some attachments can simultaneously increase orthodontic force (force and / or torque) in two or more directions. If the orthodontic force required for a tooth in these directions exceeds the corresponding threshold, then this type of attachment can be selected for that tooth accordingly.
[0055] In one embodiment, for the teeth of a dentition (maxillary or mandibular dentition), the teeth can be prioritized according to the magnitude of the orthodontic force required for each tooth in the dentition, and the attachment pose (including position and posture) and size of each tooth can be determined in descending order of priority.
[0056] Below is a simple example of tooth priority ranking: if the maximum orthodontic force required for tooth 11 is 10 N and the maximum orthodontic force required for tooth 12 is 20 N, then tooth 12 has a higher priority than tooth 11. This is just a simple example. If the orthodontic forces and / or torques required for a tooth in multiple different directions all exceed the corresponding thresholds, then these forces and / or torques can be considered comprehensively when prioritizing teeth.
[0057] In 107, an installation feasible domain is created for each of the described attachments.
[0058] The feasible installation area of the accessory includes the surface area on the corresponding tooth where the accessory can be installed.
[0059] In one embodiment, when creating an installation feasible domain for an attachment, tooth surface constraints, gingival line constraints, and collision constraints need to be considered.
[0060] In one embodiment, the tooth surface constraint may be that the attachment must be installed on the labial / buccal surface of the tooth. In another embodiment, the tooth surface constraint may also be that the attachment must be installed on the lingual surface of the tooth. In yet another embodiment, the tooth surface constraint may also be that the attachment must be installed on either the labial / buccal surface or the lingual surface of the tooth.
[0061] Gingival line constraint means that the distance between the attachment and the gingival line must be greater than a predetermined distance, for example, 1 mm.
[0062] Collision constraint means that the current attachment cannot collide with the adjacent teeth of the current tooth (including the adjacent teeth of the current dentition and the opposing adjacent teeth).
[0063] In one embodiment, for the current tooth, whether the collision constraint is satisfied can be calculated based on the minimum size of the corresponding attachment.
[0064] In one embodiment, for the current tooth, a signed distance function (SDF) can be created based on a three-dimensional digital model representing multiple successive tooth layouts of the maxillary and mandibular dentition from the initial tooth layout to the target tooth layout. Based on the signed distance function, it can be quickly determined whether the current attachment satisfies the collision constraint.
[0065] It is understandable that any other applicable method for calculating distance or collision values, besides SDF, can be used.
[0066] Based on the above constraints, an installation feasible domain M can be created on the tooth surface corresponding to the current attachment.
[0067] In another embodiment, when creating the feasible region M, collision constraints may be disregarded, and the feasible region M may be created solely based on tooth surface constraints and gingival line constraints.
[0068] In 109, the attachment mounting pose and geometry that can provide the maximum corrective force / torque along the corrective force / torque direction on which the attachment type is selected are obtained by using the objective function.
[0069] In one embodiment, the objective function can be expressed as: Here, t represents the pose of the current attachment, and s represents the geometry of the current attachment, including its basic shape and dimensions. Solving the objective function involves finding the attachment pose and geometry that provides the maximum corrective force / torque along the direction of the corrective force / torque based on the selected attachment type. Since the shape of the attachment has already been determined, the objective function primarily optimizes the attachment's pose and dimensions.
[0070] In one embodiment, for the current attachment, several pre-defined sizes are available for selection, and the objective function can be solved by selecting the optimal size from these pre-defined sizes. In another embodiment, for the current attachment, there is no fixed size, and the optimal size can be calculated by solving the objective function.
[0071] In one embodiment, the height of the attachment (the dimension along the lip-tongue or cheek-tongue direction) can be fixed, while the width and length are variable. In another embodiment, the height, width, and length of the attachment are all variable.
[0072] In one embodiment, upper and lower limits can be set for the variable size of the attachment, and the optimal solution is sought within this range when solving the objective function.
[0073] When solving the objective function, the following conditions must be met:
[0074]
[0075] In one embodiment, This can be a function that calculates the total force / torque that the shell-shaped orthodontic appliance can provide to a single tooth after adding the attachment, based on the attachment's pose and geometry. This can be obtained through machine learning or explicit modeling. In this case, f represents the total required orthodontic force / torque based on the selection of the current attachment type.
[0076] In yet another embodiment, It can be a function that calculates the difference in force / torque that the shell-type orthodontic appliance can provide to a tooth before and after adding the attachment, based on the pose and geometry of the attachment. In this case, f represents the difference between the total required orthodontic force / torque based on the selection of the current attachment type and the force / torque threshold that the shell-type orthodontic appliance can provide before adding the attachment.
[0077] In one embodiment, when finding the optimal solution for the pose and size of an attachment for a tooth, it can be required that the attachment satisfies collision constraints at every step of orthodontic treatment using a shell-shaped orthodontic appliance. That is, the SDF (Side Value Requirement) must be greater than 0 for every tooth layout from the initial tooth layout to the target tooth layout. Otherwise, it is considered that no feasible solution can be found for the pose and size of that attachment, and the attachment is skipped; the optimal solution for the pose and size of the next attachment is then sought.
[0078] In one embodiment, a nonlinear constrained optimization algorithm, such as the Trust-Constr algorithm, can be used to solve the objective function. It is understood that, in addition to the methods described above, other applicable methods can also be used to solve the objective function, such as genetic algorithms, reinforcement learning, and gradient descent.
[0079] Please refer to Figure 2, which shows an interface of a computer program for generating an attachment scheme for a shell-shaped orthodontic appliance according to an embodiment of this application, illustrating the attachment scheme generated for the 11th tooth using the method of this application.
[0080] In one embodiment, if no feasible solution is found for the current attachment, the attachment is skipped and the solution is continued for the next attachment.
[0081] As described above, when determining which teeth require attachments and what type of attachments to add, the teeth in a dentition (maxillary or mandibular) can be prioritized. In one embodiment, the optimal pose and size of the attachments for each tooth requiring attachments can be determined based on this priority ranking. For example, in the above example, tooth 12 has a higher priority than tooth 11, so the optimal pose and size of the attachment for tooth 12 are determined first, and then the optimal pose and size of the attachment for tooth 11 are determined.
[0082] In one embodiment, if the optimal solutions for the pose and size of the attachments of one or more teeth have already been obtained before finding the optimal solution for the pose and size of the attachments of the first tooth, then, during the process of finding the optimal solution for the pose and size of the attachments of the first tooth, the three-dimensional digital models of these teeth can be three-dimensional digital models with the corresponding attachments added when calculating the SDF.
[0083] In the process of finding the optimal solution for the pose and size of an attachment, it is calculated whether the collision constraint is satisfied for each orthodontic step (i.e. from the initial tooth layout to the target tooth layout). Therefore, the method of this application fully considers the situation of each orthodontic step and realizes the personalized design of the attachment scheme.
[0084] This application adopts The function can calculate the force / torque that can be provided with relatively high accuracy based on the pose and geometry of the attachment.
[0085] In the above embodiments, the objective function aims to find the optimal solution for the pose and size of an accessory, which provides the maximum corresponding orthodontic force required. In another embodiment, the objective function can also be set to find the optimal solution for the pose and size of an accessory, which provides a corresponding orthodontic force required greater than or equal to the corresponding orthodontic force required by the corresponding tooth, while minimizing the size of the accessory.
[0086] Although various aspects and embodiments of this application have been disclosed herein, other aspects and embodiments of this application will be apparent to those skilled in the art upon inspiration from this application. The various aspects and embodiments disclosed herein are for illustrative purposes only and not for limiting purposes. The scope and spirit of this application are determined solely by the appended claims.
[0087] Similarly, the diagrams may illustrate exemplary architectures or other configurations of the disclosed methods and systems, which aid in understanding the features and functions that may be included in the disclosed methods and systems. The claims are not limited to the exemplary architectures or configurations shown, and the desired features may be implemented with various alternative architectures and configurations. Furthermore, the order of the blocks given herein with respect to flowcharts, functional descriptions, and method claims should not be limited to various embodiments implemented in the same order to perform the said functions, unless explicitly indicated in the context.
[0088] Unless otherwise expressly stated, the terms and phrases used herein, and their variations thereof, should be interpreted as open-ended rather than restrictive. In some instances, the appearance of extended words and phrases such as “one or more,” “at least,” “but not limited to,” or other similar expressions should not be construed as an intention or necessity to indicate a narrower scope in examples where such extended expressions might not exist.
Claims
1. A computer-executed method for generating attachment plans for orthodontic treatment using shell-shaped orthodontic appliances, comprising: Based on the orthodontic forces required for each tooth of a patient's dentition to achieve the orthodontic goal and the threshold of each orthodontic force that a shell-shaped orthodontic appliance can apply to each tooth without attachments, the required orthodontic force for each tooth is determined, and based on this, the teeth that need attachments and the types of attachments that need to be added are determined, wherein the type of attachment includes the shape of the attachment. Establish installation feasible regions for each accessory, each installation feasible region including an area on the surface of a corresponding tooth that allows for the installation of the corresponding accessory; and The optimal solutions for the pose and size of each accessory are calculated based on the feasible region using the objective function, wherein the corresponding required orthodontic force provided by the optimal solution for the pose and size of each accessory is greater than or equal to the corresponding orthodontic force required by the corresponding tooth.
2. The computer-executed method for generating attachment plans for orthodontic treatment using shell-shaped dental appliances as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The optimal solution for the pose and size of each of the aforementioned attachments provides the maximum corresponding corrective force that needs to be enhanced.
3. The computer-executed method for generating attachment plans for orthodontic treatment using shell-shaped dental appliances as described in claim 1, characterized in that... The corrective force is one of the following: a force along the x-axis of the local dental coordinate system, a force along the y-axis of the local dental coordinate system, a force along the z-axis of the local dental coordinate system, a moment about the x-axis of the local dental coordinate system, a moment about the y-axis of the local dental coordinate system, and a moment about the z-axis of the local dental coordinate system.
4. The computer-executed method for generating attachment plans for orthodontic treatment using shell-shaped dental appliances as described in claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes: calculating the orthodontic forces required for each tooth in the dentition to achieve the orthodontic goal based on the initial and target tooth layout of the dentition.
5. The computer-executed method for generating attachment plans for orthodontic treatment using shell-shaped dental appliances as described in claim 4, characterized in that... The orthodontic forces required to achieve the treatment goals for each tooth in the dentition are calculated based on a three-dimensional digital model representing the initial and target tooth layouts of the dentition.
6. The computer-executed method for generating attachment plans for orthodontic treatment using shell-shaped dental appliances as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The orthodontic forces required to achieve the treatment goals for each tooth in the dentition are predicted using a trained deep neural network based on a three-dimensional digital model representing the initial and target tooth layouts of the dentition.
7. The computer-executed method for generating attachment plans for orthodontic treatment using shell-shaped dental appliances as described in claim 6, characterized in that... The training dataset used to train the deep neural network was obtained through simulations based on a large number of cases using mechanical analysis tools.
8. The computer-executed method for generating attachment plans for orthodontic treatment using shell-shaped dental appliances as described in claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes: determining the threshold of each orthodontic force that the shell-shaped orthodontic appliance can apply to each tooth under the condition of no attachments, based on the material information of the shell-shaped orthodontic appliance, said material information including the type and thickness of the material.
9. The computer-executed method for generating attachment plans for orthodontic treatment using shell-shaped dental appliances as described in claim 8, characterized in that, The threshold values of each orthodontic force that the shell-shaped orthodontic appliance can apply to each tooth under the condition of no attachments are determined based on the material information and statistical results of the shell-shaped orthodontic appliance. The statistical results are obtained by statistically analyzing data obtained from simulating a large number of cases using mechanical analysis tools.
10. The computer-executed method for generating attachment plans for orthodontic treatment using shell-shaped dental appliances as described in claim 1, characterized in that, An attachment's installation feasibility domain is created based on the following two constraints: the attachment is located on the labial / buccal surface of the corresponding tooth; and the attachment is located at a distance greater than a predetermined distance from the gingival line.
11. The computer-executed method for generating attachment plans for orthodontic treatment using shell-shaped dental appliances as described in claim 10, characterized in that, The feasible installation domain for the attachment is also created based on the following constraint: the attachment of minimum size does not collide with adjacent teeth in the jaw or adjacent teeth in the opposite jaw.
12. The computer-executed method for generating attachment plans for orthodontic treatment using shell-shaped dental appliances as described in claim 1, characterized in that, For an attachment, the optimal solution of the objective function satisfies the following two conditions: the attachment does not collide with adjacent intramaxillary teeth or opposing adjacent teeth in all orthodontic steps; and the pose of the attachment belongs to the installation feasible region.
13. The computer-executed method for generating attachment plans for orthodontic treatment using shell-shaped dental appliances as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In the process of solving the objective function for an attachment, the length, width, and height ratios of the attachment are variable.
14. A computer execution system for generating attachment plans for orthodontic treatment using shell-shaped dental appliances, comprising: processor; as well as A storage device storing a computer program for generating attachment plans for orthodontic treatment using a shell-shaped orthodontic appliance, which, when run, executes the method for generating attachment plans for orthodontic treatment using a shell-shaped orthodontic appliance as described in claim 1.