Data transmission method and apparatus, and device and storage medium

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of wireless communications. Disclosed are a data transmission method and apparatus, and a device and a storage medium. The data transmission method in the embodiments of the present application comprises: a terminal device acquiring an error correction ratio of a PDU set, and determining, on the basis of first information of sent PDUs in the PDU set and the error correction ratio, whether to send the remaining PDUs in the PDU set, wherein the first information is receiving information of, or the number of, sent PDUs in the PDU set.

Description

Data transmission methods, apparatus, devices and storage media

[0001] Cross-references to related applications

[0002] This application claims priority to Chinese Patent Application No. 202411821932.2, filed on December 11, 2024, entitled "Data Transmission Method, Apparatus, Device and Storage Medium", the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0003] This application belongs to the field of communication technology, and specifically relates to a data transmission method, apparatus, device and storage medium. Background Technology

[0004] Protocol Data Unit Sets (PDU sets) play a crucial role in wireless communication, particularly in Extended Reality (XR) awareness applications. XR applications require processing large amounts of real-time data, such as video frames, audio frames, and haptic feedback, which are typically organized and transmitted in the form of PDU sets.

[0005] A PDU Set is a collection of one or more PDUs that can carry a payload of a single information unit generated by the application layer (such as a video frame or video segment in an XR service). During data transmission, the PDU Set is transmitted and processed as a whole. In related technologies, when forward error correction (FEC) is enabled at the application layer, the receiving end only needs to receive a certain percentage (content ratio) of the PDUs in the PDU Set to recover the entire content transmitted by the PDU Set. The sending application layer only needs a certain percentage of data packets to be successfully transmitted to consider the PDU Set transmission successful. However, on the Radio Access Network (RAN) side, the PDU Set is considered successfully transmitted only after all PDUs in the PDU Set have been successfully transmitted, leading to a waste of air interface resources. Summary of the Invention

[0006] This application provides a data transmission method, apparatus, device, and storage medium that can save air interface resources or ensure the correct transmission of PDU sets.

[0007] In a first aspect, a data transmission method is provided, executed by a terminal device, the method comprising: obtaining an error correction ratio of a PDU set; and determining whether to transmit the remaining PDUs in the PDU set based on first information of the PDUs already transmitted in the PDU set and the error correction ratio, wherein the first information is the received information or number of the PDUs already transmitted in the PDU set.

[0008] Secondly, a data transmission method is provided, executed by an access network device, the method comprising: sending activation indication information or deactivation indication information to a terminal device, wherein the activation indication information is used to indicate the error correction ratio of the activated PDU set, and the deactivation indication information is used to indicate the error correction ratio of the deactivated PDU set.

[0009] Thirdly, a data transmission method is provided, executed by a terminal device, the method comprising: receiving a first indication information or a second indication information sent by an access network device, wherein the first indication information is used to indicate that the access network device has activated the error correction ratio of the Protocol Processing Unit (PDU) set, and the second indication information is used to indicate that the access network device has deactivated the error correction ratio of the PDU set.

[0010] Fourthly, a data transmission method is provided, executed by an access network device. The method includes: receiving an error correction ratio of a Protocol Processing Unit (PDU) set sent by a core network device; and determining whether to send the remaining PDUs in the PDU set based on first information of the PDUs already sent in the PDU set and the error correction ratio, wherein the first information is the received information or number of the PDUs already sent in the PDU set.

[0011] Fifthly, a data transmission apparatus is provided, comprising: an acquisition module for acquiring an error correction ratio of a PDU set; and a transmission module for determining whether to transmit the remaining PDUs in the PDU set based on first information of the PDUs already transmitted in the PDU set and the error correction ratio, wherein the first information is the received information or number of the PDUs already transmitted in the PDU set.

[0012] In a sixth aspect, a data transmission apparatus is provided, comprising: a sending module, configured to send activation indication information or deactivation indication information to a terminal device, wherein the activation indication information is used to indicate the error correction ratio of an activated PDU set, and the deactivation indication information is used to indicate the error correction ratio of a deactivated PDU set.

[0013] A seventh aspect provides a data transmission apparatus, comprising: a receiving module, configured to receive a first indication information or a second indication information sent by an access network device, wherein the first indication information is configured to indicate that the access network device has activated the error correction ratio of a Protocol Processing Unit (PDU) set, and the second indication information is configured to indicate that the access network device has deactivated the error correction ratio of the PDU set.

[0014] Eighthly, a data transmission apparatus is provided, comprising: a receiving module for receiving an error correction ratio of a Protocol Processing Unit (PDU) set sent by a core network device; and a transmission module for determining whether to transmit the remaining PDUs in the PDU set based on first information of the PDUs already transmitted in the PDU set and the error correction ratio, wherein the first information is the received information or quantity of the PDUs already transmitted in the PDU set.

[0015] A ninth aspect provides an apparatus for data transmission, the apparatus being configured to perform the steps of the method described in the first, second, third, or fourth aspect.

[0016] In a tenth aspect, a terminal device is provided, the terminal including a processor and a memory, the memory storing a program or instructions executable on the processor, the program or instructions, when executed by the processor, implementing the steps of the method as described in the first or third aspect.

[0017] Eleventhly, a terminal device is provided, including a processor and a communication interface, wherein the processor is configured to: acquire the error correction ratio of a PDU set; determine whether to transmit the remaining PDUs in the PDU set based on first information of the PDUs already transmitted in the PDU set and the error correction ratio, wherein the first information is the reception information or quantity of the PDUs already transmitted in the PDU set; or, receive first indication information or second indication information sent by an access network device, wherein the first indication information is used to indicate that the access network device has activated the error correction ratio of the protocol processing unit PDU set, and the second indication information is used to indicate that the access network device has deactivated the error correction ratio of the PDU set; the communication interface is configured to communicate with other devices.

[0018] In a twelfth aspect, an access network device is provided, the access network device including a processor and a memory, the memory storing a program or instructions executable on the processor, the program or instructions, when executed by the processor, implementing the steps of the method as described in the second or fourth aspect.

[0019] In a thirteenth aspect, an access network device is provided, including a processor and a communication interface, wherein the processor is configured to send activation indication information or deactivation indication information to a terminal device, the activation indication information indicating the error correction ratio of activation for a set of Protocol Processing Units (PDUs), and the deactivation indication information indicating the error correction ratio of deactivation for a set of PDUs; or, to receive the error correction ratio of a set of Protocol Processing Units (PDUs) sent by a core network device; and to determine whether to send the remaining PDUs in the PDU set based on first information of the PDUs already sent in the PDU set and the error correction ratio, wherein the first information is the received information or number of the PDUs already sent in the PDU set; the communication interface is configured to communicate with other devices.

[0020] In a fourteenth aspect, a readable storage medium is provided, on which a program or instructions are stored, which, when executed by a processor, implement the steps of the method as described in the first, second, third, or fourth aspect.

[0021] In a fifteenth aspect, a wireless communication system is provided, comprising: a terminal device and an access network device, wherein the terminal device is configured to perform the steps of the method described in the first or third aspect, and the access network device is configured to perform the steps of the method described in the second or fourth aspect.

[0022] In a sixteenth aspect, a chip is provided, the chip including a processor and a communication interface coupled to the processor, the processor being used to run programs or instructions to implement the methods described in the first, second, third, or fourth aspects.

[0023] In a seventeenth aspect, a computer program / program product is provided, which is stored in a storage medium and is executed by at least one processor to implement the steps of the data transmission method as described in the first, second, third, or fourth aspects.

[0024] In this embodiment, the terminal device obtains the error correction ratio of the PDU set, and determines whether to send the remaining PDUs in the PDU set based on the first information of the PDUs that have been sent in the PDU set and the error correction ratio. The first information is the received information or number of the PDUs that have been sent in the PDU set. Transmission optimization saves air interface resources or ensures the correct transmission of the PDU set. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 shows a block diagram of a wireless communication system that can be applied to an embodiment of this application;

[0026] Figure 2 is a flowchart of the data transmission method provided in Embodiment 1 of this application;

[0027] Figure 3 is a flowchart of the data transmission method provided in Embodiment 2 of this application;

[0028] Figure 4 is a flowchart of the data transmission method provided in Embodiment 3 of this application;

[0029] Figure 5 is a flowchart of the data transmission method provided in Embodiment 4 of this application;

[0030] Figure 6 is a flowchart of the data transmission method provided in Embodiment 5 of this application;

[0031] Figure 7 is a flowchart of the data transmission method provided in Embodiment 6 of this application;

[0032] Figure 8 is a schematic block diagram of a data transmission device provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0033] Figure 9 is a schematic block diagram of a data transmission device provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0034] Figure 10 is a schematic block diagram of a data transmission device provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0035] Figure 11 is a schematic block diagram of a data transmission device provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0036] Figure 12 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the communication device provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0037] Figure 13 is a schematic diagram of the hardware structure of a terminal implementing an embodiment of this application;

[0038] Figure 14 is a schematic diagram of the hardware structure of an access network device that implements an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0039] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this application. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0040] The terms "first," "second," etc., used in this application are used to distinguish similar objects and not to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such terms can be used interchangeably where appropriate so that embodiments of this application can be implemented in orders other than those illustrated or described herein, and the objects distinguished by "first" and "second" are generally of the same class, not limited in number; for example, the first object can be one or more. Furthermore, "or" in this application indicates at least one of the connected objects. For example, the scope of protection for "A or B" covers at least three scenarios: Scenario 1: including A but not B; Scenario 2: including B but not A; Scenario 3: including both A and B. In addition, the terms "A and / or B," "at least one of A and B," and "at least one of A or B" also cover at least the above three scenarios. The character " / " generally indicates that the preceding and following objects are in an "or" relationship.

[0041] The term "instruction" in this application can be either a direct instruction (or explicit instruction) or an indirect instruction (or implicit instruction). A direct instruction can be understood as one in which the sender explicitly informs the receiver of specific information, the operation to be performed, or the requested result, etc., in the instruction sent. An indirect instruction can be understood as one in which the receiver determines the corresponding information based on the instruction sent by the sender, or makes a judgment and determines the operation to be performed or the requested result, etc., based on the judgment result.

[0042] It is worth noting that the technologies described in this application are not limited to Long Term Evolution (LTE) / LTE-Advanced (LTE-A) systems, but can also be used in other wireless communication systems, such as Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA), Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA), Frequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA), Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA), Single-carrier Frequency-Division Multiple Access (SC-FDMA), or other systems. The terms "system" and "network" in this application are often used interchangeably, and the described technologies can be used with the systems and radio technologies mentioned above, as well as with other systems and radio technologies. The following description describes New Radio (NR) systems for illustrative purposes, and the term NR is used in most of the following description; however, these technologies can also be applied to systems other than NR systems, such as 6th generation (6G) radio systems. th Generation 6G communication system.

[0043] Figure 1 shows a block diagram of a wireless communication system applicable to an embodiment of this application. The wireless communication system includes a terminal 11 and a network-side device 12. The terminal 11 can be a mobile phone, tablet computer, laptop computer, notebook computer, personal digital assistant (PDA), handheld computer, netbook, ultra-mobile personal computer (UMPC), mobile internet device (MID), augmented reality (AR), virtual reality (VR) device, robot, wearable device, flight vehicle, vehicle user equipment (VUE), shipboard equipment, pedestrian user equipment (PUE), smart home (home devices with wireless communication capabilities, such as refrigerators, televisions, washing machines, or furniture), game console, personal computer (PC), ATM, or self-service machine, etc. Wearable devices include: smartwatches, smart bracelets, smart earphones, smart glasses, smart jewelry (smart bracelets, smart chains, smart rings, smart necklaces, smart anklets, smart anklets, etc.), smart wristbands, smart clothing, etc. Among these, in-vehicle devices can also be referred to as in-vehicle terminals, in-vehicle controllers, in-vehicle modules, in-vehicle components, in-vehicle chips, or in-vehicle units, etc. It should be noted that the specific type of terminal 11 is not limited in the embodiments of this application.

[0044] Network-side equipment 12 may include access network equipment or core network equipment. Access network equipment may also be referred to as Radio Access Network (RAN) equipment, radio access network function, or radio access network unit. Access network equipment may include base stations, wireless local area network (WLAN) access points (APs), or wireless Fidelity (WiFi) nodes, etc. The term "base station" can be referred to as Node B (NB), Evolved Node B (eNB), Next Generation Node B (gNB), New Radio Node B (NR Node B), Access Point, Relay Base Station (RBS), Serving Base Station (SBS), Base Transceiver Station (BTS), Radio Base Station, Radio Transceiver, Basic Service Set (BSS), Extended Service Set (ESS), Home Node B (HNB), Home Evolved Node B, Transmit / Receive Point (TRP), or any other suitable term in the relevant field, as long as the same technical effect is achieved. The term "base station" is not limited to any specific technical terminology. It should be noted that this application embodiment only uses a base station in an NR system as an example for description and does not limit the specific type of base station.

[0045] Core network equipment, also known as core network nodes, core network functions, or core network elements, includes, but is not limited to, at least one of the following: Mobility Management Entity (MME), Access and Mobility Management Function (AMF), Session Management Function (SMF), User Plane Function (UPF), Policy Control Function (PCF), Policy and Charging Rules Function (PCRF), Edge Application Server Discovery Function (EASDF), Unified Data Management (UDM), Unified Data Repository (UDR), Home Subscriber Server (HSS), Centralized network configuration (CNC), Network Repository Function (NRF), Network Exposure Function (NEF), Local NEF (or L-NEF), and Binding Support. The core network functions include: BSF (Block Network Function), Application Function (AF), Location Management Function (LMF), Gateway Mobile Location Centre (GMLC), and Network Data Analytics Function (NWDAF). It should be noted that this application embodiment only uses core network equipment in the NR system as an example and does not limit the specific type of core network equipment. If the name of the core network equipment mentioned in this application embodiment changes in subsequent protocol versions (e.g., 6G), it will still be within the scope of protection of this application.

[0046] Optionally, the core network equipment can be implemented by one or more functional modules in a single device, or by multiple devices working together; this application does not specifically limit this. It is understood that the aforementioned functional modules can be network elements in hardware devices, software functional modules running on dedicated hardware, or virtualized functional modules instantiated on a platform (e.g., a cloud platform).

[0047] The Radio Link Control (RLC) layer and the Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP) layer are both important components of the wireless communication protocol stack, each undertaking different functions and responsibilities.

[0048] Currently, the RLC layer typically uses Unacknowledged Mode (UM or UM mode), Acknowledged Mode (AM or AM mode), and Transparent Mode (TM or TM mode) for data transmission.

[0049] AM mode provides reliable transmission, ensuring that data packets are successfully transmitted to the receiving end. After sending a data packet, the sending end waits for an acknowledgment message (ACK or NACK) from the receiving end. ACK (Acknowledgement) is a positive acknowledgment message, used to inform the sending end that the data packet has been successfully received by the receiving end. NACK (Negative Acknowledgement) is a negative acknowledgment message, used to inform the sending end that the data packet has not been successfully received by the receiving end.

[0050] AM mode supports packet segmentation and reassembly. Larger data packets can be divided into multiple smaller packets for transmission, and the receiving end then reassembles these smaller packets back into the original large packet. Furthermore, AM mode supports packet reordering. If packets arrive out of order during transmission, the receiving end reorders them according to their sequence numbers, ensuring that packets are delivered to upper-layer protocols in the correct order. AM mode supports flow control to prevent the sending end from sending data too quickly, overwhelming the receiving end. Flow control ensures efficient utilization of network resources. The receiving end can periodically send Status Reports (SRs) to the sending end, reporting received and unreceived data packet information. SRs help the sending end better manage the retransmission queue.

[0051] UM mode typically carries real-time services, such as voice calls and video streaming, which are latency-sensitive and require data packets to reach the receiver as quickly as possible, tolerating a small amount of packet loss. In UM mode, the sender does not need to wait for an acknowledgment (ACK / NACK) message from the receiver after sending a data packet. This means that if data packets are lost, the sender will not retransmit them. This mechanism reduces latency but sacrifices some reliability. UM mode supports packet segmentation and reassembly; larger data packets can be divided into multiple smaller packets for transmission, and the receiver then reassembles these smaller packets back into the original large packet.

[0052] PDCP packet loss refers to the failure of PDCP layer data packets to be successfully transmitted to the receiving end during data transmission due to various reasons. For Data Radio Bearer (DRB), a discard timer is defined. The transmitting end starts a new discard timer for each Service Data Unit (SDU) arriving from the upper layer. When the discard timer expires, the corresponding SDU is discarded, thus preventing buffer congestion. The value of the discard timer (i.e., the timing duration) can be configured by the upper-layer Radio Resource Control (RRC) signaling.

[0053] The SDU received by the PDCP layer from the upper layer is called a PDCP SDU. Specifically, when a PDCP SDU is received from the upper layer, the PDCP entity at the sending end starts a discard timer associated with (or described as corresponding to) that PDCP SDU. When the discard timer associated with the PDCP SDU times out, or when the PDCP SDU is successfully transmitted (confirmed by a PDCP status report), the PDCP entity discards the PDCP SDU and its corresponding PDCP PDU. If the PDCP PDU corresponding to the PDCP SDU has already been delivered to the lower layer, the lower layer needs to be instructed to discard the corresponding PDCP PDU.

[0054] A PDU set consists of multiple PDUs, carrying a payload of a single information unit generated by the application layer (such as a frame or video clip from an XR service). Multiple PDU sets generated and sent by the application within a short period of time form a data burst.

[0055] The PDU Set Delay Budget (PSDB) is the maximum time limit required for a PDU set to be successfully received (at the DL UE or UL UPF) from the first PDU (at the DL's UPF or UL's UE). A QoS flow is associated with only one PSDB, which, if available, applies to both the DL and UL and supersedes the QoS flow's Packet Delay Budget (PDB).

[0056] The PDU Set Error Rate (PSER) is an upper limit on the non-congestion-related PDU set loss rate, referring to the PDU set loss rate between the RAN and UE. A QoS flow is associated with only one PSER. If that PSER is available, it applies to both the DL and UL, and overrides the QoS flow's Packet Error Rate (PER). A PDU set is considered successfully received only if all PDUs in the set are successfully received.

[0057] PDU Set Importance (PSI) is the relative importance of a PDU set compared to other PDU sets in the same QoS Flow.

[0058] PDU Set Integrated Handling Information (PSIHI) indicates whether the application layer needs all the PDUs in the PDU Set. For example, when PSIHI is true, if one PDU in the PDU Set fails to be received, the entire PDU Set is useless to the application layer.

[0059] The UPF can identify PDUs belonging to a PDU set and can indicate the following PDU set information to the gNB in ​​the User Plane General Packet Radio Services Tunneling Protocol User Plane (GTP-U) packet header. The PDU set information includes, but is not limited to:

[0060] PDU Set Sequence Number.

[0061] Indication of the End PDU of the PDU Set.

[0062] The PDU Sequence Number within a PDU Set.

[0063] The size of a PDU set (PDU Set Size in bytes) refers to the number of data packets (PDUs) in the PDU set.

[0064] PDU Set Importance (PSI) refers to the relative importance of a PDU set compared to other PDU sets within the same Quality of Service (QoS) flow.

[0065] To improve the transmission efficiency and reliability of PDU sets, the PDU set size can be optimized, and advanced coding techniques can be used. For example, using Application Layer Forward Error Correction (AL-FEC) coding technology can improve the transmission reliability and error resistance of PDU sets. AL-FEC adds extra redundant data (error correction codes) to the original data at the sending end, enabling the original information content to be recovered at the receiving end even if some data packets are lost or errors occur. When a PDU set uses AL-FEC encoding, the receiving end only needs to receive a certain percentage (content ratio) of the PDUs in the PDU set to recover the entire content transmitted by the PDU set.

[0066] This ratio, also known as the FEC ratio, is a number or percentage greater than 0 and less than 1. In the downlink, it can be provided to the gNB by the core network node SMF, and in the uplink, it can be obtained by the terminal device based on its implementation.

[0067] For a PDU set using AL-FEC encoding, the entire PDU set can be fully recovered once the number of correctly received PDUs in the PDU set reaches the FEC ratio. Therefore, the FEC ratio can also be understood as the percentage of PDUs required for the receiver to correctly recover the PDU set.

[0068] When using AL-FEC encoding, from the application layer's perspective, the receiver only needs to receive a certain percentage of the PDUs in the PDU Set to recover the entire PDU Set's transmitted content. Consequently, the transmitter does not need to transmit all the PDUs in the PDU Set. However, in related transmission mechanisms, the RAN side considers the PDU Set to have been successfully transmitted only after all PDUs in the PDU Set have been successfully transmitted, leading to a waste of air interface resources.

[0069] The data transmission method provided by the embodiments of this application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and through some examples and application scenarios. The following embodiments can be combined with each other, and the same or similar concepts and processes may not be described again in some embodiments.

[0070] Example 1

[0071] Figure 2 is a flowchart of a data transmission method provided in Embodiment 1 of this application. This method is applied to a terminal device, specifically during the uplink transmission process. As shown in Figure 2, the method provided in this embodiment includes the following steps.

[0072] S101, The terminal device obtains the error correction ratio of the PDU set.

[0073] This error correction ratio is used to optimize the transmission of PDU sets of QoS streams using AL-FEC encoding. The error correction ratio can be the ratio of the minimum number of PDUs required to fully recover the PDU set to the number of PDUs contained in the PDU set. The error correction ratio is a number greater than 0 and less than 1, and can be expressed in the form of a decimal or a percentage.

[0074] The error correction ratio can be the FEC ratio, also known as the redundancy ratio. For a PDU set using AL-FEC encoding, once the number of correctly received PDUs in the PDU set reaches the FEC ratio, the entire PDU set can be fully recovered.

[0075] In one example, the terminal device receives the error correction ratio of the PDU set sent by the network-side device.

[0076] The error correction ratio is configured by the network-side equipment, which can be either core network equipment or access network equipment. For example, the SMF in the core network equipment configures the corresponding error correction ratio for QoS flows that support FEC. This error correction ratio is per QoS flow granularity, and the error correction ratio may be different for different QoS flows. The SMF distributes the error correction ratio to the access network equipment (e.g., gNB), and the access network equipment sends the error correction ratio to the terminal equipment.

[0077] The error correction ratio can be determined by the network-side device itself, or it can be determined by the network-side device based on the information reported by the terminal.

[0078] In one optional approach, before the terminal device receives the error correction ratio of the PDU set sent by the network-side device, the terminal device reports to the network-side device the identity (ID) of the QoS flow supporting FEC, and the first error correction ratio corresponding to the QoS flow, wherein the first error correction ratio is an error correction ratio determined by the terminal device. The network-side device determines the error correction ratio to be used for transmission optimization of the PDU set based on the first error correction ratio.

[0079] Optionally, the error correction ratio used by the terminal device for transmission optimization is greater than the first error correction ratio, and the error correction ratio determined by the network-side device for transmission optimization is greater than the error correction ratio determined by the terminal device.

[0080] In another example, the terminal device determines the error correction ratio of the PDU set, based on its own implementation.

[0081] S102. The terminal device determines whether to send the remaining PDUs in the PDU set based on the first information of the PDUs that have been sent in the PDU set and the error correction ratio. The first information is the received information or number of PDUs that have been sent in the PDU set.

[0082] During uplink transmission, the terminal device, as the sender, performs or optimizes the transmission of data packets (PDUs) in the PDU set according to the error correction ratio. The main purpose of transmission optimization is to minimize the number of data packets sent by the terminal device while ensuring the reliability of the PDU set, thereby saving air interface resources.

[0083] In one implementation, the terminal device optimizes the transmission of data packets in the PDU set based on the first information of the PDUs already sent, the error correction ratio of the PDU set, and the number of data packets in the PDU set. The number of data packets (PDUs) in the PDU set can also be understood as the size of the PDU set. During uplink transmission, the number of data packets in the PDU set is known to the terminal device, and the terminal device does not need to obtain it from other devices.

[0084] For example, the terminal device can use the following four optimization methods to optimize the transmission of PDUs in the PDU set:

[0085] Optimization Method 1:

[0086] In optimization method one, the first piece of information is the number of PDUs already sent in the PDU set. The terminal device determines whether to send the remaining PDUs in the PDU set based on the number of PDUs already sent and the error correction ratio. Specifically, if the number of PDUs already sent in the PDU set reaches a first ratio, the terminal device does not send the remaining PDUs in the PDU set, where the first ratio is greater than the error correction ratio.

[0087] In one implementation, the terminal device determines a first ratio based on the error correction ratio of the PDU set. If the number of PDUs already sent in the PDU set reaches the first ratio, the terminal device does not send the remaining PDUs in the PDU set.

[0088] In another implementation, the terminal device receives a first ratio sent by the network-side device. If the number of PDUs already sent in the PDU set reaches the first ratio, the terminal device does not send the remaining PDUs in the PDU set. The network-side device can be a core network device or an access network device. In this implementation, the network-side device determines the first ratio based on the error correction ratio of the PDU set and indicates the first ratio to the terminal device. The terminal device then performs transmission optimization based on the received first ratio.

[0089] The first error correction ratio is greater than the error correction ratio of the PDU set, but less than 1. When the number of PDUs already sent in the PDU set reaches the first ratio, the terminal device does not send the remaining PDUs in the PDU set. This can also be understood as the terminal device or its PDCP entity transmitting only a first ratio number of data packets from the PDU set, based on the first ratio. Specifically, the PDCP entity transmitting only a first ratio number of data packets from the PDU set can be understood as: stopping the transmission of the remaining PDUs in the PDU set after transmitting the first ratio number of data packets, or confirming the successful transmission of the PDU set after transmitting the first ratio number of PDUs.

[0090] Specifically, the PDCP entity determines the first number of PDUs to be transmitted based on the first ratio and the number of data packets in the PDU set. Then, it transmits only the first number of PDUs, or stops transmitting the PDU set after transmitting the first number of PDUs, or confirms that the PDU set has been successfully transmitted after transmitting the first number of PDUs.

[0091] For example, if the error correction ratio is 60% and the first ratio is 80%, then the terminal device will only transmit 80% of the PDUs in the PDU set. That is, when 80% of the PDUs in the PDU set have been sent, the terminal device will not send the remaining PDUs in the PDU set.

[0092] In this optimization method, if the number of PDUs already sent in the PDU set reaches a first ratio, the terminal device does not send the remaining PDUs in the PDU set, instead of transmitting all PDUs in the PDU set. This reduces the number of data packets sent by the sending end, saving air interface resources. Especially in network congestion situations, by reducing or eliminating the transmission of redundant data packets, air interface resources are saved, avoiding the problem of large data transmission delays.

[0093] Since the first ratio is greater than the FEC ratio, a certain degree of redundancy is guaranteed. For the receiver, the complete PDU set can be recovered from the data packets transmitted by the sender. Therefore, the reliability of the PDU set will not be affected while saving air interface resources.

[0094] Optionally, optimization method one applies only to low importance PDU sets. The importance (PSI) of a PDU set can be carried by the core network equipment in the QoS configuration file and passed to the access network equipment and terminal equipment through the packet header (e.g., RTP header). When the PSI is set to "low importance", it means that the packets in these PDU sets can be transmitted only a first proportion of packets when the network is congested or under normal network conditions, thereby saving air interface resources.

[0095] This transmission optimization method applies not only to UM mode but also to AM mode. When the terminal device transmits the PDU set using UM, if the number of PDUs already transmitted in the PDU set reaches a first ratio, the terminal device will not transmit the remaining PDUs in the PDU set.

[0096] Regardless of whether it's UM mode or AM mode, the terminal device only needs to focus on whether the number of data packets transmitted in the PDU set has reached the first ratio, without needing to focus on whether the transmitted data packets were successfully transmitted or failed. When the number of data packets transmitted by the PDCP entity in the PDU set reaches the first ratio, the transmission of the remaining data packets in that PDU set stops. This can also be understood as the PDCP entity only needs to ensure that the number of data packets delivered to the lower layer reaches the first ratio. When the number of data packets delivered to the lower layer by the PDCP entity in the PDU set reaches the first ratio, the PDCP entity stops transmitting the remaining data packets in that PDU set. The PDCP entity does not care whether it has received ACK or NACK for the transmitted data packets.

[0097] In UM mode, the receiver will not return ACK or NACK, and the sender cannot guarantee the correct reception of data packets. The terminal device considers the PDU set transmission successful as long as the number of data packets sent from the PDCP entity's buffer reaches the first ratio. Therefore, the first ratio is set to be greater than the ratio required for correct reception (FEC ratio) to ensure a certain degree of redundancy so that the receiver can recover the complete PDU set.

[0098] Optimization Method Two:

[0099] In optimization method two, when the number of correctly received PDUs in the PDU set reaches the error correction ratio, the PDCP entity of the terminal device performs at least one of the following discard operations on the remaining PDUs in the PDU set:

[0100] (1) The PDCP entity stops receiving the remaining PDUs of the PDU set from the upper layer.

[0101] (2) The PDCP entity discards the SDUs and PDUs that were not successfully transmitted corresponding to the PDU set.

[0102] (3) When the PDCP entity receives the remaining PDUs of the PDU set from the upper layer, it starts the first packet loss timer for the SDU corresponding to the remaining PDU. The value of the first packet loss timer is less than the value of the packet loss timer of the DRB corresponding to the PDU set.

[0103] (4) The PDCP entity instructs the RLC entity to stop transmitting the first PDU, or instructs the RLC entity to time out the first PDU, or instructs the RLC entity to discard the first PDU, wherein the first PDU is a PDU in the PDU set that has been delivered to the RLC layer but whose transmission has not been confirmed as successful.

[0104] In this optimization method, the terminal device determines whether to send the remaining PDUs in the PDU set based on the reception information (or description of reception status) of the PDUs that have been sent in the PDU set and the error correction ratio. The reception information of the PDUs that have been sent in the PDU set is the number of PDUs that have been correctly received in the PDU set.

[0105] The PDCP layer at the sending end determines whether a data packet has been successfully transmitted based on the data status report. The implementation of the PDCP layer's data status report typically relies on the communication mechanisms provided by the underlying physical and data link layers. For example, the PDCP layer can send and receive data status reports through the acknowledgment and retransmission mechanisms provided by the RLC layer. For a PDCP PDU, when the PDCP entity receives an ACK from the receiving end within a specified time, it confirms that the data packet transmission was successful.

[0106] When the number of correctly received PDUs in the PDU set reaches the error correction ratio, the receiver can recover the complete PDU set from the correctly received PDUs. Therefore, for both the receiver and the sender, the remaining PDUs in the PDU set are redundant data packets and can be discarded to save air interface resources.

[0107] In the above-mentioned (1) discard operation, the PDCP entity stops receiving the remaining PDUs of the PDU set from the upper layer, or, described as the PDCP entity stopping receiving the SDUs corresponding to the remaining PDUs of the PDU set from the upper layer. The data packets actually received by the PDCP entity from the upper layer are PDCP SDUs. The PDCP entity performs operations such as compression, encryption, integrity protection, and adding sequence numbers on the PDCP SDUs to form PDCP PDUs.

[0108] In some implementations, the PDCP entity instructs the application layer or upper layer to stop sending the remaining PDUs of the PDU set, thereby stopping the reception of the remaining PDUs from the upper layer. In other implementations, the PDCP entity disables the function of receiving data from the upper layer.

[0109] In the discard operation described in item (2) above, the PDCP entity immediately discards the untransmitted SDUs and PDUs corresponding to the PDU set to save air interface resources. The untransmitted SDUs and PDUs include unsent PDUs and SDUs stored in the PDCP entity's buffer, PDUs and SDUs that have been delivered to the lower layer but have not received confirmation of successful transmission, and PDUs and SDUs that have failed to transmit and are being retransmitted.

[0110] In the above-mentioned discard operation (3), a first packet loss timer is started for the remaining PDUs received from the upper layer. The value of the first packet loss timer is less than the packet loss timer of the DRB of the PDU set, so that the remaining PDUs can be discarded quickly. For each remaining PDU received from the upper layer, the PDCP entity starts an associated first packet loss timer for the remaining PDU. When the first packet loss timer associated with the remaining PDU expires, the remaining PDU is discarded.

[0111] It can be understood that when the number of correctly received PDUs in the PDU set reaches the error correction ratio, there are still some PDUs in the PDU set that have been delivered to the RLC layer but have not been confirmed as successfully transmitted. These are called first PDUs. The first PDUs also belong to the remaining PDUs in the PDU set. These first PDUs do not need to be transmitted to the receiving end. Therefore, it is necessary to instruct the RLC layer to discard the first PDUs.

[0112] In some implementations, the PDCP entity instructs the RLC entity to stop transmitting the first PDU. The PDCP entity needs to indicate the sequence number of the first PDU to the RLC entity. For example, the PDCP entity indicates the first PDU that needs to be stopped through an indication message, which includes the sequence number of the first PDU. After receiving the indication message, the RLC entity discards the corresponding first PDU according to the indicated sequence number. The first PDU to be stopped could be a retransmitted data packet or the first transmitted data packet.

[0113] In some implementations, the PDCP entity indicates to the RLC entity that the first PDU has timed out. If the timed-out data packet needs to be deleted according to the existing mechanism, the RLC entity will discard the first PDU according to the instruction. Similarly, the PDCP entity needs to indicate the sequence number of the first PDU to the RLC entity so that the RLC entity can identify which PDUs to discard.

[0114] In some implementations, the PDCP entity instructs the RLC entity to discard the first PDU, in which case the PDCP entity explicitly instructs the RLC entity to discard the first PDU.

[0115] Optionally, optimized transmission method two is suitable for low-importance PDU sets.

[0116] Optimization Method 3:

[0117] In optimization method three, when the number of PDUs dropped due to transmission failure or timeout in the PDU set reaches the second ratio, the PDCP entity of the terminal device performs at least one of the following drop operations on the remaining PDUs in the PDU set:

[0118] (1) The PDCP entity stops receiving the remaining PDUs of the PDU set from the upper layer.

[0119] (2) The PDCP entity discards the SDUs and PDUs that were not successfully transmitted corresponding to the PDU set.

[0120] (3) When the PDCP entity receives the remaining PDUs of the PDU set from the upper layer, it starts the first packet loss timer for the SDU corresponding to the remaining PDU. The value of the first packet loss timer is less than the value of the packet loss timer of the DRB corresponding to the PDU set.

[0121] (4) The PDCP entity instructs the RLC entity to stop transmitting the first PDU, or instructs the RLC entity to time out the first PDU, or instructs the RLC entity to discard the first PDU, wherein the first PDU is a PDU in the PDU set that has been delivered to the RLC layer but whose transmission has not been confirmed as successful.

[0122] The second ratio is the difference between 1 and the error correction ratio. In one implementation, the terminal device determines the second ratio based on the error correction ratio of the PDU set. After receiving the error correction ratio of the PDU set, the terminal device calculates the difference between 1 and the error correction ratio to obtain the second ratio.

[0123] In another implementation, the terminal device receives a second ratio sent by the network-side device. In this implementation, the network-side device determines the second ratio based on the error correction ratio of the PDU set and instructs the terminal device on the second ratio. The terminal device then performs transmission optimization based on the received second ratio.

[0124] In this optimization method, the terminal device determines whether to send the remaining PDUs in the PDU set based on the received information of the PDUs that have been sent in the PDU set and the error correction ratio. The received information of the PDUs that have been sent in the PDU set is the number of PDUs that have failed to transmit or have been dropped due to timeout in the PDU set.

[0125] When the number of data packets that fail to transmit or are dropped due to timeout in the PDU set reaches the 1-FEC ratio (second ratio), the receiver cannot recover the PDU set even if all the remaining PDUs in the PDU set are successfully received. Therefore, the sender can discard the remaining PDUs to save air interface resources.

[0126] In this optimization method, the specific implementation of the above four discard operations is the same as in optimization method two, and will not be described again here.

[0127] Optimization Method 4:

[0128] In optimization method four, when the number of PDUs in the PDU set that have failed to transmit or have timed out reaches the third ratio, the PDCP entity of the terminal device performs at least one of the following transmission operations on the remaining PDUs in the PDU set:

[0129] (1) The PDCP entity indicates that the remaining PDUs in the RLC layer PDU set are delay-critical PDCP SDUs.

[0130] (2) The PDCP entity instructs the RLC layer to perform blind retransmission or automatic retransmission on the remaining PDUs in the PDU set.

[0131] The third ratio is less than the second ratio, which is the difference between 1 and the error correction ratio of the PDU set.

[0132] In one implementation, the terminal device determines a third ratio based on the error correction ratio of the PDU set. After receiving the error correction ratio of the PDU set, the terminal device calculates the difference between 1 and the error correction ratio to obtain a second ratio, and then determines the third ratio based on the second ratio.

[0133] In another implementation, the terminal device receives a third ratio sent by the network-side device. In this implementation, the network-side device determines the third ratio based on the error correction ratio of the PDU set and instructs the terminal device on the third ratio.

[0134] When the number of PDUs that failed to transmit or were dropped due to timeouts in the PDU set reaches the third ratio, it indicates that the erroneous data packets are approaching the upper limit (1-FEC ratio). At this point, the sender should ensure the successful transmission of the remaining PDUs in the PDU set as much as possible to avoid transmission failures or timeouts, which would cause the erroneous data packets to reach the upper limit and prevent the receiver from correctly recovering the PDU set. In this embodiment, the sender can accelerate the transmission of the remaining PDUs and avoid transmission failures or timeouts by using the two transmission operations described above.

[0135] In some implementations, the PDCP entity can add one or more bits to the header of the remaining PDUs in the PDU set to indicate that the remaining PDU is a time-urgent data packet.

[0136] In other implementations, the PDCP entity can indicate that the remaining PDUs are time-urgent packets through an indication message. This indication message includes the sequence number of the time-urgent packets, which may include the sequence number of each time-urgent packet, or the start sequence number and end sequence number of the time-urgent packets.

[0137] Urgent data packets typically refer to data packets that need to be transmitted and processed as quickly as possible. Urgent data packets usually have higher priority to ensure they are transmitted and processed as quickly as possible. For urgent data packets, the sender can prioritize transmitting these packets to ensure they reach their destination as soon as possible. The receiver will process these packets quickly to reduce processing time and provide feedback as soon as possible. If a data packet is lost or corrupted during transmission, the sender will immediately retransmit it to ensure the integrity of the information.

[0138] Optionally, after receiving the instruction, the RLC entity performs blind retransmission of the time-delayed urgent data packet. Blind retransmission means that during the communication process, the sender continuously sends multiple retransmission versions of the data packet without requiring the receiver to provide ACK / NACK responses, in order to improve the reliability and success rate of the transmission.

[0139] Optionally, after receiving the instruction, the RLC entity can also request the receiver to provide rapid feedback on the status of the urgent delay data packet, so as to ensure that the status of the urgent delay data packet can be quickly fed back to the sender, so that the sender can quickly retransmit according to the status of the urgent delay data packet, thereby improving the reliability and success rate of transmission.

[0140] The RLC entity can request the receiver to send status reports through a polling mechanism, so that the sender knows which data packets have been successfully received and which need to be retransmitted. By setting the Polling bit (P=1) in the RLC PDU header, the sender can trigger the receiver to send a status report. In this embodiment, to ensure that the status of urgent delay data packets can be quickly fed back to the sender, the RLC entity can increase the frequency of sending the Polling bit, so that the receiver can quickly report the status of the data packets.

[0141] In the above-mentioned transmission operation (2), the PDCP entity explicitly instructs the RLC layer to perform blind retransmission on the remaining PDUs in the PDU set. Blind retransmission can improve the transmission reliability and success rate of the remaining PDUs.

[0142] Optionally, optimization method four is applicable to high-importance PDU sets. This optimization method improves the reliability and success rate of remaining PDU transmission in high-priority PDU sets.

[0143] Of the four optimization methods mentioned above, Optimization Method 1 is interchangeable with Optimization Methods 2, 3, and 4. In Optimization Methods 2, 3, and 4, the terminal device determines whether to send the remaining PDUs in the PDU set based on the received information and error correction ratio of the PDUs already sent in the PDU set. The terminal device can use at least one of Optimization Methods 2, 3, and 4 for optimized transmission; for example, the terminal device can use any one of Optimization Methods 2, 3, and 4. Alternatively, the terminal device can choose Optimization Methods 2 and 4 for transmission optimization, executing Optimization Method 4 first, then Optimization Method 2. Or, the terminal device can choose Optimization Methods 3 and 4 for transmission optimization, executing Optimization Method 4 first, then Optimization Method 3.

[0144] Optionally, the aforementioned error correction ratio, first ratio, second ratio, third ratio, or first packet loss timer may be configured by the network-side device.

[0145] Optionally, the error correction ratio is per QoS flow granularity, the first ratio, the second ratio, and the third ratio are per QoS flow granularity or per DRB granularity, and the first packet loss timer is per DRB granularity.

[0146] In some implementations, before the terminal device determines whether to send the remaining PDUs in the PDU set based on the first information of the PDUs already sent in the PDU set and the error correction ratio, the terminal device receives activation indication information or deactivation indication information sent by the access network device. The activation indication information is used to indicate the error correction ratio of activating the PDU set, and the deactivation indication information is used to indicate the error correction ratio of deactivating the PDU set.

[0147] Accordingly, upon receiving an activation instruction, the terminal device determines whether to send the remaining PDUs in the PDU set based on the first information of the PDUs already sent in the PDU set and the error correction ratio. Upon receiving a deactivation instruction, the terminal device determines to send all PDUs in the PDU set.

[0148] Upon receiving the activation instruction, the terminal device activates the error correction ratio of the PDU set. Once activated, the error correction ratio becomes effective and can be used for PDU set transmission optimization. Conversely, if the terminal device deactivates the PDU set's error correction ratio upon receiving the activation instruction, the error correction ratio becomes ineffective and cannot be used for PDU set transmission optimization.

[0149] In some implementations, the access network device can determine which QoS flows support FEC (e.g., the terminal device reports the IDs of FEC-supporting QoS flows to the access network device). Accordingly, the activation indication information is used to indicate the error correction ratio of the PDU set corresponding to a specific QoS flow, or it is used to indicate the error correction ratio for the PDU set corresponding to the FEC-supporting QoS flows. For the former, after receiving the activation indication information, the terminal device performs transmission optimization on the PDU set corresponding to that specific QoS flow, but does not perform transmission optimization on the PDU sets corresponding to other QoS flows. For the latter, after receiving the activation indication information, the terminal device performs transmission optimization on the PDU sets corresponding to all FEC-supporting QoS flows.

[0150] In some implementations, the access network device cannot or does not need to know which QoS flows support FEC. Consequently, the access network device cannot instruct the terminal device to optimize the transmission of specific QoS flows that support FEC. After the access network device sends activation indication information to the terminal device, the terminal device receives the activation indication information and obtains all QoS flows that support FEC based on the activation indication information, and optimizes the transmission of all or part of the QoS flows that support FEC.

[0151] Optionally, the access network device carries activation or deactivation indication information through the Media Access Control Element (MAC CE).

[0152] In some implementations, the terminal device can also decide to optimize the transmission of data packets in the PDU set based on its own needs.

[0153] In this embodiment, the terminal device can optimize the transmission of the PDU set under any circumstances, including when the network is congested. In cases of network congestion, there are problems such as insufficient air interface resources and high data packet transmission latency. Optimizing the transmission of the PDU set in this situation can save air interface resources and reduce data packet transmission latency.

[0154] In some implementations, when a terminal device determines that the network is congested, it optimizes the transmission of data packets in the PDU set according to the error correction ratio of the PDU set.

[0155] Optionally, when the access network device detects network congestion, it may instruct the terminal device that network congestion has occurred; or, when the access network device is congested, it may send an activation instruction message to the terminal device.

[0156] In this embodiment, the terminal device obtains the error correction ratio of the PDU set. Based on the first information of the PDUs already sent in the PDU set and the error correction ratio, it determines whether to send the remaining PDUs in the PDU set. The first information is the received information or number of the PDUs already sent in the PDU set. This method optimizes transmission by minimizing the number of data packets sent by the sending end while ensuring the reliability of the PDU set, thereby saving air interface resources.

[0157] Figure 3 is a flowchart of the data transmission method provided in Embodiment 2 of this application. The method is applied to an access network device. As shown in Figure 3, the method provided in this embodiment includes the following steps.

[0158] S201. The access network device sends activation indication information or deactivation indication information to the terminal device. The activation indication information is used to indicate the error correction ratio of the activated PDU set, and the deactivation indication information is used to indicate the error correction ratio of the deactivated PDU set.

[0159] Optionally, the access network device can carry the activation instruction information or deactivation instruction information via MAC CE.

[0160] Optionally, the access network device can send an activation indication message to the terminal device when network congestion occurs. This instructs the terminal device to activate transmission optimization for the PDU set, saving air interface resources.

[0161] Optionally, the access network device may send a deactivation instruction to the terminal device after the network congestion is resolved.

[0162] In some implementations, the access network device also sends the error correction ratio of the PDU set to the terminal device.

[0163] In some implementations, before the access network device sends the error correction ratio of the PDU set to the terminal device, the access network device receives the identifier ID of the QoS flow sent by the terminal device, as well as the first error correction ratio corresponding to the QoS flow. The first error correction ratio is the error correction ratio determined by the terminal device. Based on the ID of the QoS flow and the first error correction ratio, the access network device determines the error correction ratio of the PDU set used for transmission optimization, and sends the error correction ratio of the PDU set used for transmission optimization to the terminal device.

[0164] In some implementations, the access network device also performs one of the following steps:

[0165] (1) After sending activation instruction information to the terminal device, if the number of PDUs received in the PDU set reaches the first ratio, or when the number of correctly received PDUs reaches the error correction ratio, the access network device restores the PDU set according to the received PDUs.

[0166] (2) After sending the activation indication information to the terminal device, if the number of PDUs that fail to be transmitted in the PDU set or are dropped due to timeout reaches the second ratio, the access network device determines not to receive the remaining PDUs in the PDU set. The second ratio is the difference between 1 and the error correction ratio.

[0167] (3) After sending deactivation instruction information to the terminal device, if the number of received PDUs reaches the number of data packets in the PDU set, the access network device restores the PDU set according to the received PDUs.

[0168] After sending activation indication information to the terminal device, the access network device considers that the error correction ratio of the PDU set has been activated or has taken effect. The terminal device uses the error correction ratio of the PDU set for transmission optimization. Then, the access network device receives the PDU set according to the optimization method adopted by the terminal device. It can be understood that the number of PDU sets sent by the terminal device may be different in different optimization methods. The access network device needs to be based on the optimization method adopted by the terminal device to successfully receive the PDU set.

[0169] After sending the deactivation instruction to the terminal device, the error correction ratio of the PDU set is deactivated. The terminal device no longer uses the error correction ratio of the PDU set for transmission optimization. Therefore, the terminal device needs to send all PDUs in the PDU set to the access network device. Correspondingly, the access network needs to receive all PDUs in the PDU set before confirming that the PDU set has been successfully received, and then restores the PDU set based on all the received PDUs.

[0170] In this embodiment, the access network device sends activation indication information or deactivation indication information to the terminal device. The activation indication information is used to indicate the error correction ratio of the activated PDU set, and the deactivation indication information is used to indicate the error correction ratio of the deactivated PDU set. In this method, the access network device flexibly instructs the terminal device to optimize the transmission of the PDU set or deactivate the transmission optimization, thereby saving air interface resources.

[0171] It should be noted that the implementation of the access network device corresponds to the implementation of the terminal device. The data packets transmitted by the terminal device are received on the access network device side. Therefore, features that are repeated on the terminal device side will not be repeated on the access network device side.

[0172] Example 3

[0173] Figure 4 is a flowchart of the data transmission method provided in Embodiment 3 of this application. The method is applied to an access network device. In this embodiment, the access network device optimizes the transmission of the PDU set during downlink transmission. As shown in Figure 4, the method provided in this embodiment includes the following steps.

[0174] S301. Error correction ratio of the PDU set received by the access network equipment from the core network equipment.

[0175] S302. The access network device determines whether to send the remaining PDUs in the PDU set based on the first information of the PDUs already sent in the PDU set and the error correction ratio. The first information is the received information or number of PDUs already sent in the PDU set.

[0176] Optionally, when the access network device performs transmission optimization on the PDU set in the downlink, the access network device needs to obtain the number of data packets in the PDU set and the error correction ratio of the PDU set.

[0177] Optionally, the core network equipment can indicate the error correction ratio of the PDU set and the number of packets in the PDU set to the access network equipment.

[0178] For example, the SMF indicates the error correction ratio of the PDU set to the gNB; optionally, the error correction ratio can be indicated per QoS flow. The UPF indicates the number of packets in the PDU set to the gNB; for example, the UPF carries the number of packets in the PDU set in the first PDU of each PDU set, any PDU, or in the GTP-U header of each PDU.

[0179] In one implementation, the access network device determines whether to send the remaining PDUs in the PDU set based on the first information of the PDUs that have been sent in the PDU set and the error correction ratio. The first information is the received information or number of the PDUs that have been sent in the PDU set.

[0180] Optionally, after the access network device obtains the number of data packets in the PDU set and the error correction ratio of the PDU set, it can also determine whether to send the remaining PDUs in the PDU set based on the error correction ratio of the PDU set, the number of data packets in the PDU set, and the first information of the PDUs that have been sent in the PDU set.

[0181] In optimization method one, the first piece of information is the number of PDUs already sent in the PDU set. The access network device determines whether to send the remaining PDUs in the PDU set based on the number of PDUs already sent and the error correction ratio. Specifically, if the number of PDUs already sent in the PDU set reaches a first ratio, the terminal device does not send the remaining PDUs in the PDU set. If the first ratio is greater than the error correction ratio,...

[0182] In this optimization method, the access network device only transmits a first ratio of PDUs in the PDU set, instead of transmitting all PDUs in the set. This reduces the number of data packets sent by the transmitter, saving air interface resources. Especially under network congestion, reducing or eliminating the transmission of redundant data packets conserves air interface resources and avoids the problem of large data transmission delays. Furthermore, since the first ratio is greater than the error correction ratio, a certain degree of redundancy is guaranteed. For the receiver, the complete PDU set can be reconstructed from the data packets transmitted by the transmitter. Therefore, saving air interface resources does not affect the reliability of the PDU set.

[0183] Optionally, this optimization method is only applicable to low-importance PDU sets.

[0184] Optionally, this optimization method applies to UM transmission. When the terminal device uses UM to send the PDU set, if the number of PDUs already sent in the PDU set reaches a first ratio, the terminal device will not send the remaining PDUs in the PDU set.

[0185] In optimization method two, when the number of correctly received PDUs in the PDU set reaches the error correction ratio, the PDCP entity of the access network device performs at least one of the following discard operations on the remaining PDUs in the PDU set:

[0186] (1) The PDCP entity stops receiving the remaining PDUs of the PDU set from the upper layer.

[0187] (2) The PDCP entity discards the SDUs and PDUs that were not successfully transmitted corresponding to the PDU set.

[0188] (3) When the PDCP entity receives the remaining PDUs of the PDU set from the upper layer, it starts the first packet loss timer for the SDU corresponding to the remaining PDU. The value of the first packet loss timer is less than the value of the packet loss timer of the DRB corresponding to the PDU set.

[0189] (4) The PDCP entity instructs the RLC entity to stop transmitting the first PDU, or instructs the RLC entity to time out the first PDU, or instructs the RLC entity to discard the first PDU, wherein the first PDU is a PDU in the PDU set that has been delivered to the RLC layer but whose transmission has not been confirmed as successful.

[0190] In this optimization method, the access network device determines whether to send the remaining PDUs in the PDU set based on the received information of the PDUs that have been sent in the PDU set and the error correction ratio. The received information of the PDUs that have been sent in the PDU set is the number of PDUs that have been correctly received in the PDU set.

[0191] When the number of correctly received PDUs in the PDU set reaches the error correction ratio, the receiver can recover the complete PDU set based on the received PDUs. Therefore, the remaining PDUs can be discarded by both the receiver and the transmitter to save air interface resources.

[0192] Optionally, this optimization method is applicable to PDU sets with low importance.

[0193] In optimization method three, when the number of PDUs dropped due to transmission failure or timeout in the PDU set reaches the second ratio, the PDCP entity of the access network device performs at least one of the following drop operations on the remaining PDUs in the PDU set:

[0194] (1) The PDCP entity stops receiving the remaining PDUs of the PDU set from the upper layer.

[0195] (2) The PDCP entity discards the SDUs and PDUs that were not successfully transmitted corresponding to the PDU set.

[0196] (3) When the PDCP entity receives the remaining PDUs of the PDU set from the upper layer, it starts the first packet loss timer for the SDU corresponding to the remaining PDU. The value of the first packet loss timer is less than the value of the packet loss timer of the DRB corresponding to the PDU set.

[0197] (4) The PDCP entity instructs the RLC entity to stop transmitting the first PDU, or instructs the RLC entity to time out the first PDU, or instructs the RLC entity to discard the first PDU, wherein the first PDU is a PDU in the PDU set that has been delivered to the RLC layer but whose transmission has not been confirmed as successful.

[0198] The second ratio is the difference between 1 and the error correction ratio. In this optimization method, the access network device determines whether to send the remaining PDUs in the PDU set based on the received information of the PDUs that have been sent in the PDU set and the error correction ratio. The received information of the PDUs that have been sent in the PDU set is the number of PDUs that have failed to transmit or have been dropped due to timeout in the PDU set.

[0199] When the number of data packets that fail to transmit or are dropped due to timeout in the PDU set reaches the second ratio, the receiving end cannot recover the PDU set even if all the remaining PDUs in the PDU set are successfully received. Therefore, the sending end can discard the remaining PDUs to save air interface resources.

[0200] In optimization method four, when the number of PDUs dropped due to transmission failure or timeout in the PDU set reaches the third ratio, the PDCP entity of the access network device performs at least one of the following transmission operations on the data packets in the PDU set:

[0201] (1) The PDCP entity indicates that the remaining PDUs in the RLC layer PDU set are time-delay urgent data packets.

[0202] (2) The PDCP entity instructs the RLC layer to perform blind retransmission or automatic retransmission on the remaining PDUs in the PDU set.

[0203] The third ratio is less than the second ratio, which is the difference between 1 and the error correction ratio.

[0204] When the number of PDUs that failed to transmit or timed out in the PDU set reaches the third ratio, it indicates that the erroneous data packets are approaching the upper limit (1-FEC ratio). At this point, the sender should ensure the successful transmission of the remaining PDUs in the PDU set as much as possible to avoid transmission failures or timeouts, which would cause the erroneous data packets to reach the upper limit and prevent the receiver from correctly recovering the PDU set. In this embodiment, the sender accelerates the transmission of the remaining PDUs to avoid transmission failures or timeouts.

[0205] Optionally, this optimization method is applicable to high-importance PDU sets.

[0206] In some implementations, the error correction ratio, first ratio, second ratio, third ratio, or first packet loss timer are all configured by the core network equipment.

[0207] In some implementations, the error correction ratio is configured by the core network equipment, while the first, second, and third ratios are determined by the access network equipment based on the error correction ratio.

[0208] In some implementations, the packet loss timer of the DRB where the PDU set is located is configured by the core network equipment, and the value of the first packet loss timer is determined by the access network equipment based on the value of the packet loss timer of the DRB where the PDU set is located.

[0209] Optionally, the error correction ratio is per QoS flow granularity, the first ratio, the second ratio, and the third ratio are per QoS flow granularity or per DRB granularity, and the first packet loss timer is per DRB granularity.

[0210] In some implementations, the access network device also sends a first indication message or a second indication message to the terminal device. The first indication message indicates that the access network device has activated the error correction ratio of the PDU set, and the second indication message indicates that the access network device has deactivated the error correction ratio of the PDU set. When the access network device uses transmission optimization in the downlink, it needs to notify the terminal device, and the terminal device receives the PDU set sent by the access network device according to the first or second indication message.

[0211] In this embodiment, the access network device receives the error correction ratio of the PDU set sent by the core network device. Based on the first information of the PDUs already sent in the PDU set and the error correction ratio, it determines whether to send the remaining PDUs in the PDU set. The first information is the received information or number of the PDUs already sent in the PDU set. The access network device optimizes the transmission of the PDU set according to the error correction ratio during downlink transmission, which can save air interface resources or ensure the correct transmission of the PDU set.

[0212] It should be noted that the access network equipment performs transmission optimization in the downlink, while the terminal equipment performs transmission optimization in the uplink. The access network equipment and the terminal equipment use the same transmission optimization method. Therefore, features that are repeated in the uplink transmission will not be repeated in the downlink transmission process.

[0213] Example 4

[0214] Figure 5 is a flowchart of the data transmission method provided in Embodiment 4 of this application. The method is applied to a terminal device. In this embodiment, the access network device optimizes the transmission of the PDU set during downlink transmission. As shown in Figure 5, the method provided in this embodiment includes the following steps.

[0215] S401. The terminal device receives a first indication message or a second indication message sent by the access network device. The first indication message is used to indicate that the access network device has activated the error correction ratio of the PDU set, and the second indication message is used to indicate that the access network device has deactivated the error correction ratio of the PDU set.

[0216] In this embodiment, when the access network device uses transmission optimization in the downlink, it needs to notify the terminal device. The terminal device receives the PDU set sent by the access network device according to the first indication information or the second indication information.

[0217] In some implementations, the terminal device also performs one of the following steps:

[0218] (1) After receiving the first instruction information, if the number of PDUs received in the PDU set reaches the first ratio, or when the number of correctly received PDUs reaches the error correction ratio, the terminal device restores the PDU set according to the received PDUs.

[0219] (2) After receiving the first instruction information, if the number of PDUs in the PDU set that have failed to transmit or have been dropped due to timeout reaches the second ratio, the terminal device determines not to receive the remaining PDUs in the PDU set. The second ratio is the difference between 1 and the error correction ratio.

[0220] (3) After receiving the second instruction information, if the number of received PDUs reaches the number of data packets in the PDU set, the terminal device restores the PDU set according to the received PDUs.

[0221] After receiving the first instruction information, the terminal device assumes that the error correction ratio of the PDU set has been activated or taken effect. The access network device uses the error correction ratio of the PDU set for transmission optimization. Then, the terminal device receives the PDU set according to the optimization method adopted by the access network device. It can be understood that the number of PDU sets sent by the access network device may be different in different optimization methods. The terminal device needs to be based on the optimization method adopted by the access network device to successfully receive the PDU set.

[0222] After receiving the second instruction information, the terminal device assumes that the error correction ratio of the PDU set has been deactivated and the access network device no longer uses the error correction ratio of the PDU set for transmission optimization. Therefore, the access network device needs to send all PDUs in the PDU set to the terminal device. Correspondingly, the terminal device needs to receive all PDUs in the PDU set before confirming that the PDU set has been successfully received and then restores the PDU set based on all the received PDUs.

[0223] In this embodiment, the terminal device receives a first indication message or a second indication message sent by the access network device. The first indication message indicates that the access network device has activated the error correction ratio of the PDU set, and the second indication message indicates that the access network device has deactivated the error correction ratio of the PDU set. In this method, the access network device uses transmission optimization in the downlink and notifies the terminal device so that the terminal device can correctly receive the PDU set, thereby saving air interface resources.

[0224] Example 5

[0225] Based on the above embodiments, Embodiment 3 of this application provides a data transmission method for describing the signaling interaction between a terminal device and an access network device during uplink transmission. This embodiment takes the error correction ratio as the FEC ratio as an example. Figure 6 is a flowchart of the data transmission method provided in Embodiment 5 of this application. As shown in Figure 6, the method of this embodiment includes the following steps.

[0226] S501, The base station sends activation instruction information to the terminal device.

[0227] This activation indication information is used to indicate the error correction ratio of the activated PDU set, and the base station can carry this activation indication information in the MAC CE.

[0228] S502. After receiving the activation instruction information, the terminal device determines whether to send the remaining PDUs in the PDU set based on the FEC ratio of the PDU set and the first information of the PDUs already sent in the PDU set.

[0229] The first piece of information is the received information or number of PDUs that have been sent in the PDU set. After receiving the activation indication information, the terminal device performs transmission optimization on all QoS flows or specific QoS flows that support FEC. The FEC ratio used by the terminal device to perform transmission optimization can be configured by the network-side device or obtained by the terminal itself.

[0230] The transmission optimization method used by the terminal device is described in the foregoing embodiments and will not be repeated here.

[0231] Optionally, prior to S301, the terminal device reports to the base station the ID of the QoS flow that supports FEC and the first FEC ratio corresponding to that QoS flow. The first FEC ratio is the FEC ratio determined by the terminal device for that QoS flow. Based on the information reported by the terminal device, the base station determines the FEC ratio used for transmission optimization of the QoS flow and sends it to the terminal device.

[0232] In this embodiment, under network congestion, the base station can activate the terminal device to optimize the transmission of uplink data by activating the activation indication information, so as to save air interface resources or ensure the successful transmission of PDU sets.

[0233] Example 6

[0234] Based on the above embodiments, Embodiment Six of this application provides a data transmission method for describing the signaling interaction between a terminal device and an access network device during downlink transmission. This embodiment takes the error correction ratio as the FEC ratio as an example. Figure 7 is a flowchart of the data transmission method provided in Embodiment Six of this application. As shown in Figure 7, the method of this embodiment includes the following steps.

[0235] S601, The core network equipment sends the FEC ratio of the PDU set to the base station.

[0236] For example, the SMF indicates the FEC ratio of the PDU set to the base station.

[0237] S602, The number of data packets in the PDU set sent by the core network equipment to the base station.

[0238] For example, the UPF indicates the number of data packets in the PDU set to the base station.

[0239] S603. The base station determines whether to send the remaining PDUs in the PDU set based on the FEC ratio of the PDU set, the number of data packets in the PDU set, and the first information of the PDUs that have been sent in the PDU set.

[0240] The first piece of information is the received information or number of PDUs that have been sent in the PD set. During downlink transmission, the base station acts as the transmitter and the terminal device acts as the receiver. The base station performs transmission optimization on the PDU set based on the obtained FEC ratio of the PDU set and the number of data packets in the PDU set. The transmission optimization method used by the base station is described in the aforementioned embodiments and will not be repeated here.

[0241] In this embodiment, the base station performs transmission optimization on the data packets in the PDU set based on the error correction ratio of the PDU set, the number of data packets in the PDU set, and the first information of the PDUs that have been sent in the PDU set, in order to save air interface resources or ensure the successful transmission of the PDU set.

[0242] Example 7

[0243] The communication method provided in this application can be executed by a communication device. This application uses the example of a communication device executing the communication method to illustrate the communication device provided in this application.

[0244] This application provides a data transmission device. As an example, the data transmission device may be a terminal device or a component in a terminal device, such as a chip. Exemplarily, the terminal device may include, but is not limited to, the types of terminal devices listed above, and this application does not impose specific limitations.

[0245] The data transmission device includes an acquisition module, a transmission module, a receiving module, and a sending module. These modules can be implemented in software or hardware. When implemented in hardware, the acquisition and transmission modules can be implemented by a processor. For example, the processor can include general-purpose processors, special-purpose processors, such as a Central Processing Unit (CPU), microprocessor, Digital Signal Processor (DSP), Artificial Intelligence (AI) processor, Graphics Processing Unit (GPU), Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC), Network Processor (NP), Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA), or other programmable logic devices, gate circuits, transistors, discrete hardware components, etc. The receiving and sending modules can be implemented by a communication interface, which can include one or more of the following: transceiver, pins, circuits, bus, radio frequency unit, etc.

[0246] Specifically, referring to Figure 8, which is a schematic block diagram of a data transmission device provided in an embodiment of this application, when the data transmission device 700 is a terminal device or a component in a terminal device, the data transmission device 700 includes:

[0247] The acquisition module 701 is used to acquire the error correction ratio of the protocol processing unit (PDU) set;

[0248] The transmission module 702 is used to determine whether to transmit the remaining PDUs in the PDU set based on the first information of the PDUs that have been transmitted in the PDU set and the error correction ratio, wherein the first information is the reception information or number of the PDUs that have been transmitted in the PDU set.

[0249] In some implementations, when the first information is the number of PDUs that have been sent in the PDU set, the transmission module 702 is specifically used to: if the number of PDUs that have been sent in the PDU set reaches a first ratio, not send the remaining PDUs in the PDU set, where the first ratio is greater than the error correction ratio.

[0250] In some implementations, the transmission module 702 is specifically used for:

[0251] When sending the PDU set in unacknowledged mode UM, if the number of PDUs already sent in the PDU set reaches a first ratio, the remaining PDUs in the PDU set will not be sent.

[0252] When the PDU set is transmitted using Acknowledgment Mode (AM), it is determined whether to transmit the remaining PDUs in the PDU set based on the received information of the PDUs already transmitted in the PDU set and the error correction ratio.

[0253] In some implementations, the PDU set using the first ratio is of low importance.

[0254] In some implementations, the received information of PDUs sent in the PDU set includes at least one of the following: the number of PDUs correctly received in the PDU set, and the number of PDUs that failed to transmit or were discarded due to timeout in the PDU set.

[0255] In some implementations, when the number of correctly received PDUs in the PDU set reaches the error correction ratio, or when the number of PDUs dropped due to transmission failure or timeout in the PDU set reaches a second ratio (the second ratio being the difference between 1 and the error correction ratio), the PDCP entity performs at least one of the following discard operations on the remaining PDUs in the PDU set:

[0256] The PDCP entity stops receiving the remaining PDUs from the upper layer of the PDU set;

[0257] The PDCP entity discards the untransmitted Service Data Units (SDUs) and PDUs corresponding to the PDU set;

[0258] When the PDCP entity receives the remaining PDUs of the PDU set from the upper layer, it starts a first packet loss timer for the SDU corresponding to the remaining PDUs. The value of the first packet loss timer is less than the value of the packet loss timer of the data radio bearer (DRB) corresponding to the PDU set.

[0259] The PDCP entity instructs the Radio Link Control (RLC) entity to stop transmitting the first PDU, or instructs the RLC entity that the first PDU has timed out, or instructs the RLC entity to discard the first PDU, wherein the first PDU is a PDU in the PDU set that has been delivered to the RLC layer but whose transmission has not been confirmed as successful.

[0260] In some implementations, the PDU set that employs the discard operation is of low importance.

[0261] In some implementations, the transmission module 702 is specifically configured to: when the number of PDUs that fail to transmit or are dropped due to timeout reaches a third ratio, the PDPC entity performs at least one of the following transmission operations on the remaining PDUs in the PDU set:

[0262] The PDCP entity indicates that the remaining PDUs in the PDU set of the RLC layer are time-urgent data packets;

[0263] The PDCP entity instructs the RLC layer to perform blind retransmission on the remaining PDUs in the PDU set.

[0264] In some implementations, the PDU set employing the transmission operation is of high importance.

[0265] In some implementations, the apparatus 700 further includes: a receiving module, configured to receive activation indication information or deactivation indication information sent by the access network device; the transmission module 702 is specifically configured to: upon receiving the activation indication information, determine whether to send the remaining PDUs in the PDU set based on the first information of the PDUs already sent in the PDU set and the error correction ratio; and upon receiving the deactivation indication information, determine to send all PDUs in the PDU set.

[0266] In some implementations, the acquisition module 701 is specifically used to: receive the error correction ratio of the PDU set sent by the network-side device.

[0267] In some implementations, the apparatus 700 further includes: a sending module, configured to report to the network-side device an identifier ID of a QoS flow supporting FEC, and a first error correction ratio corresponding to the QoS flow, wherein the first error correction ratio is an error correction ratio determined by the terminal device.

[0268] The data transmission device 700 acquires the error correction ratio of the PDU set and optimizes the transmission of data packets in the PDU set based on the error correction ratio, thereby saving air interface resources or ensuring the correct transmission of the PDU set.

[0269] The data transmission device 700 provided in this application embodiment can realize the various processes executed by the terminal device in the uplink transmission in the above method embodiment and achieve the same technical effect. To avoid repetition, it will not be described again here.

[0270] Specifically, referring to Figure 9, which is a schematic block diagram of a data transmission device provided in an embodiment of this application, when the data transmission device 800 is a terminal device or a component in a terminal device, the data transmission device 800 includes:

[0271] The receiving module 801 is used to receive a first indication information or a second indication information sent by the access network device. The first indication information is used to indicate that the access network device has activated the error correction ratio of the Protocol Processing Unit (PDU) set, and the second indication information is used to indicate that the access network device has deactivated the error correction ratio of the PDU set.

[0272] In some implementations, the device 800 further includes a processing module for performing one of the following steps:

[0273] After receiving the first indication information, if the number of PDUs received in the PDU set reaches the first ratio, or when the number of correctly received PDUs reaches the error correction ratio, the PDU set is restored based on the received PDUs.

[0274] After receiving the first indication information, if the number of PDUs that fail to transmit or are dropped due to timeout in the PDU set reaches the second ratio, it is determined that the remaining PDUs in the PDU set will not be received. The second ratio is the difference between 1 and the error correction ratio.

[0275] After receiving the second indication information, if the number of received PDUs reaches the number of data packets in the PDU set, the PDU set is restored based on the received PDUs.

[0276] The data transmission device 800 provided in this application embodiment can realize the various processes executed by the terminal device in the downlink transmission in the above method embodiment and achieve the same technical effect. To avoid repetition, it will not be described again here.

[0277] Example 8

[0278] The data transmission method provided in this application can be executed by a data transmission device. This application uses a data transmission device executing the data transmission method as an example to illustrate the data transmission device provided in this application.

[0279] This application provides a data transmission apparatus. As an example, the data transmission apparatus may be an access network device or a component within an access network device, such as a chip. Exemplarily, the access network device may include, but is not limited to, the types of access network devices listed above, and this application does not impose specific limitations.

[0280] The data transmission device includes a receiving module, a transmitting module, and a determining module. These modules can be implemented in software or hardware. When implemented in hardware, the determining module can be implemented by a processor. For example, the processor can include general-purpose processors, special-purpose processors, such as CPUs, microprocessors, DSPs, AI processors, GPUs, ASICs, NPs, FPGAs, or other programmable logic devices, gate circuits, transistors, discrete hardware components, etc. The receiving and transmitting modules can be implemented by a communication interface, which can include one or more of the following: transceivers, pins, circuits, buses, radio frequency units, etc.

[0281] Specifically, referring to Figure 10, which is a schematic block diagram of a data transmission device provided in an embodiment of this application, when the data transmission device 900 is an access network device or a component in an access network device, the data transmission device 900 includes:

[0282] The sending module 901 is used to send activation indication information or deactivation indication information to the terminal device. The activation indication information is used to indicate the error correction ratio of the activation protocol processing unit PDU set, and the deactivation indication information is used to indicate the error correction ratio of the deactivation PDU set.

[0283] In some implementations, the device 900 further includes a receiving module 902, used to receive the number of data packets in the PDU set sent by the core network equipment.

[0284] In some implementations, the number of data packets in the PDU set is carried in the User Plane General Packet Radio Service Tunneling Protocol GTP-U header of any data packet in the PDU set or in the U-GTP header of each data packet.

[0285] In some implementations, the sending module 901 is further configured to: send the error correction ratio of the PDU set to the terminal device.

[0286] In some implementations, the apparatus further includes: a receiving module 902 and a determining module;

[0287] The receiving module 902 is used to receive the identifier ID of the QoS flow sent by the terminal device, and the first error correction ratio corresponding to the QoS flow, wherein the first error correction ratio is the error correction ratio determined by the terminal device.

[0288] The determination module is used to determine the error correction ratio used for transmission optimization of the PDU set based on the ID of the QoS flow and the first error correction ratio.

[0289] In some implementations, the device 900 further includes a receiving module 902, which is configured to perform one of the following steps:

[0290] After sending the activation instruction information to the terminal device, if the number of PDUs received in the PDU set reaches a first ratio, or when the number of correctly received PDUs reaches the error correction ratio, the PDU set is restored based on the received PDUs.

[0291] After sending the activation indication information to the terminal device, if the number of PDUs that fail to be transmitted in the PDU set or are dropped due to timeout reaches the second ratio, it is determined that the remaining PDUs in the PDU set will not be received. The second ratio is the difference between 1 and the error correction ratio.

[0292] After sending the deactivation instruction information to the terminal device, when the number of received PDUs reaches the number of data packets in the PDU set, the PDU set is restored based on the received PDUs.

[0293] The data transmission device 900 sends activation indication information or deactivation indication information to the terminal device. The activation indication information is used to indicate the error correction ratio of the activated PDU set, and the deactivation indication information is used to indicate the error correction ratio of the deactivated PDU set, thereby saving air interface resources or ensuring the correct transmission of the PDU set.

[0294] The data transmission device 900 provided in this application embodiment can realize the various processes executed by the access network device in the uplink transmission in the above method embodiment and achieve the same technical effect. To avoid repetition, it will not be described again here.

[0295] Specifically, referring to Figure 11, which is a schematic block diagram of a data transmission device provided in an embodiment of this application, when the data transmission device 1000 is an access network device or a component in an access network device, the data transmission device 1000 includes:

[0296] The receiving module 1001 is used to receive the error correction ratio of the Protocol Processing Unit (PDU) set sent by the core network equipment;

[0297] The transmission module 1002 is used to determine whether to transmit the remaining PDUs in the PDU set based on the first information of the PDUs that have been transmitted in the PDU set and the error correction ratio, wherein the first information is the reception information or number of the PDUs that have been transmitted in the PDU set.

[0298] In some implementations, the receiving module 1001 is further configured to: receive the number of data packets in the PDU set sent by the core network device, wherein the number of data packets in the PDU set is carried in the User Plane General Packet Radio Service Tunneling Protocol GTP-U header of any data packet in the PDU set or in the U-GTP header of each data packet.

[0299] In some implementations, when the first information is the number of PDUs that have been sent in the PDU set, the transmission module 1002 is specifically used to: if the number of PDUs that have been sent in the PDU set reaches a first ratio, the terminal device does not send the remaining PDUs in the PDU set, where the first ratio is greater than the error correction ratio.

[0300] In some implementations, the transmission module 1002 is specifically used for:

[0301] When sending the PDU set in unacknowledged mode UM, if the number of PDUs already sent in the PDU set reaches a first ratio, the remaining PDUs in the PDU set will not be sent.

[0302] When the PDU set is transmitted using Acknowledgment Mode (AM), it is determined whether to transmit the remaining PDUs in the PDU set based on the received information of the PDUs already transmitted in the PDU set and the error correction ratio.

[0303] In some implementations, the received information of PDUs sent in the PDU set includes at least one of the following: the number of PDUs correctly received in the PDU set, and the number of PDUs that failed to transmit or were discarded due to timeout in the PDU set.

[0304] In some implementations, the transmission module 1002 is specifically configured to: when the number of correctly received PDUs in the PDU set reaches the error correction ratio, or when the number of PDUs in the PDU set that failed to transmit or timed out and were discarded reaches a second ratio, where the second ratio is the difference between 1 and the error correction ratio, the PDCP entity of the terminal device performs at least one of the following discard operations on the remaining PDUs in the PDU set:

[0305] The PDCP entity stops receiving the remaining PDUs from the upper layer of the PDU set;

[0306] The PDCP entity discards the untransmitted Service Data Units (SDUs) and PDUs corresponding to the PDU set;

[0307] When the PDCP entity receives the remaining PDUs of the PDU set from the upper layer, it starts a first packet loss timer for the SDU corresponding to the remaining PDUs. The value of the first packet loss timer is less than the value of the packet loss timer of the data radio bearer (DRB) corresponding to the PDU set.

[0308] The PDCP entity instructs the Radio Link Control (RLC) entity to stop transmitting the first PDU, or instructs the RLC entity that the first PDU has timed out, or instructs the RLC entity to discard the first PDU, wherein the first PDU is a PDU in the PDU set that has been delivered to the RLC layer but whose transmission has not been confirmed as successful.

[0309] In some implementations, the transmission module 1002 is specifically used to: when the number of PDUs that fail to transmit or are dropped due to timeout in the PDU set reaches a third ratio, the PDCP entity performs at least one of the following transmission operations on the remaining PDUs in the PDU set:

[0310] The PDCP entity indicates that the remaining PDUs in the PDU set of the RLC layer are time-urgent data packets;

[0311] The PDCP entity instructs the RLC layer to perform blind retransmission on the remaining PDUs in the PDU set;

[0312] The third ratio is less than the second ratio, where the second ratio is the difference between 1 and the error correction ratio.

[0313] In some implementations, the transmission module 1002 is further configured to: send a first indication information or a second indication information to the terminal device, wherein the first indication information is used to indicate that the access network device has activated the error correction ratio of the PDU set, and the second indication information is used to indicate that the access network device has deactivated the error correction ratio of the PDU set.

[0314] The data transmission device 1000 provided in this application embodiment can realize the various processes executed by the access network device in downlink transmission in the above method embodiment and achieve the same technical effect. To avoid repetition, it will not be described again here.

[0315] As shown in Figure 12, this application embodiment also provides a communication device 1100, including a processor 1101 and a memory 1102. The memory 1102 stores programs or instructions that can run on the processor 1101. For example, when the communication device 1100 is a terminal device, the program or instructions executed by the processor 1101 implement the various steps executed by the terminal device in the above method embodiment, and achieve the same technical effect. When the communication device 1100 is an access network device, the program or instructions executed by the processor 1101 implement the various steps executed by the access network device in the above method embodiment, and achieve the same technical effect. To avoid repetition, this will not be described again here.

[0316] This application also provides a terminal (terminal device) including a processor and a communication interface. The communication interface is coupled to the processor, and the processor is used to run programs or instructions to implement the steps in the method embodiments shown in Figures 2-7. This terminal embodiment corresponds to the above-described terminal-side method embodiments. All implementation processes and methods of the above-described method embodiments can be applied to this terminal embodiment and achieve the same technical effects. The terminal can be the data transmission device shown in Figure 8. Specifically, Figure 13 is a schematic diagram of the hardware structure of a terminal device implementing an embodiment of this application.

[0317] The terminal 1200 includes, but is not limited to, at least some of the following components: radio frequency unit 1201, network module 1202, audio output unit 1203, input unit 1204, sensor 1205, display unit 1206, user input unit 1207, interface unit 1208, memory 1209, and processor 1210.

[0318] Those skilled in the art will understand that terminal 1200 may also include a power supply (such as a battery) for powering various components. The power supply can be logically connected to processor 1210 through a power management system, thereby enabling functions such as charging, discharging, and power consumption management through the power management system. The terminal structure shown in Figure 13 does not constitute a limitation on the terminal. The terminal may include more or fewer components than shown, or combine certain components, or have different component arrangements, which will not be elaborated here.

[0319] It should be understood that, in this embodiment, the input unit 1204 may include a graphics processor 12041 and a microphone 12042. The graphics processor 12041 processes image data of still images or videos obtained by an image capture device (such as a camera) in video capture mode or image capture mode. The display unit 1206 may include a display panel 12061, which may be configured in the form of a liquid crystal display, an organic light-emitting diode, or the like. The user input unit 1207 includes a touch panel 12071 and at least one of other input devices 12072. The touch panel 12071 is also called a touch screen. The touch panel 12071 may include a touch detection device and a touch controller. Other input devices 12072 may include, but are not limited to, physical keyboards, function keys (such as volume control buttons, power buttons, etc.), trackballs, mice, and joysticks, which will not be described in detail here.

[0320] In this embodiment, after receiving downlink data from the network-side device, the radio frequency unit 1201 can transmit it to the processor 1210 for processing; in addition, the radio frequency unit 1201 can send uplink data to the network-side device. Typically, the radio frequency unit 1201 includes, but is not limited to, antennas, amplifiers, transceivers, couplers, low-noise amplifiers, duplexers, etc.

[0321] The memory 1209 can be used to store software programs or instructions, as well as various data. The memory 1209 may primarily include a first storage area for storing programs or instructions and a second storage area for storing data. The first storage area may store the operating system, application programs or instructions required for at least one function (such as sound playback, image playback, etc.). Furthermore, the memory 1209 may include volatile memory or non-volatile memory. The non-volatile memory may be read-only memory (ROM), programmable read-only memory (PROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), or flash memory. Volatile memory can be random access memory (RAM), static random access memory (SRAM), dynamic random access memory (DRAM), synchronous dynamic random access memory (SDRAM), double data rate synchronous dynamic random access memory (DDRSDRAM), enhanced synchronous dynamic random access memory (ESDRAM), synchronous link dynamic random access memory (SLDRAM), and direct memory bus RAM (DRRAM). The memory 1209 in this embodiment includes, but is not limited to, these and any other suitable types of memory.

[0322] Processor 1210 may include one or more processing units; optionally, processor 1210 integrates an application processor and a modem processor, wherein the application processor mainly handles operations involving the operating system, user interface, and applications, and the modem processor mainly handles wireless communication signals, such as a baseband processor. It is understood that the aforementioned modem processor may also not be integrated into processor 1210.

[0323] The processor 1210 is used to obtain the error correction ratio of the PDU set, and determine whether to send the remaining PDUs in the PDU set based on the first information of the PDUs that have been sent in the PDU set and the error correction ratio. The first information is the reception information or number of the PDUs that have been sent in the PDU set.

[0324] The terminal obtains the error correction ratio of the PDU set, and optimizes the transmission of data packets in the PDU set based on the error correction ratio and the received information / number of PDUs that have been sent in the PDU set. This can save air interface resources or ensure the correct reception of the PDU set.

[0325] Alternatively, the processor 1210 is configured to receive a first indication information or a second indication information sent by the access network device, wherein the first indication information is used to indicate that the access network device has activated the error correction ratio of the Protocol Processing Unit (PDU) set, and the second indication information is used to indicate that the access network device has deactivated the error correction ratio of the PDU set.

[0326] The terminal receives the PDU set sent by the access network device based on the first or second indication information sent by the access network device, which can save air interface resources or ensure the correct reception of the PDU set.

[0327] It is understood that the implementation process of each implementation method mentioned in this embodiment can refer to the relevant descriptions of method embodiments one to six, and achieve the same or corresponding technical effects. To avoid repetition, it will not be described again here.

[0328] This application also provides an access network device, including a processor and a communication interface. The communication interface is coupled to the processor, and the processor is used to run programs or instructions to implement the steps of the method embodiments shown in Figures 2-7. This access network device embodiment corresponds to the above-described access network device method embodiments. All implementation processes and methods of the above-described method embodiments can be applied to this access network device embodiment and achieve the same technical effects.

[0329] Specifically, this application embodiment also provides an access network device, which can be the data transmission device shown in FIG9. As shown in FIG14, the access network device 1300 includes: an antenna 1301, a radio frequency device 1302, a baseband device 1303, a processor 1304, and a memory 1305. The antenna 1301 is connected to the radio frequency device 1302. In the uplink direction, the radio frequency device 1302 receives information through the antenna 1301 and sends the received information to the baseband device 1303 for processing. In the downlink direction, the baseband device 1303 processes the information to be transmitted and sends it to the radio frequency device 1302, which processes the received information and then transmits it through the antenna 1301.

[0330] The method executed by the access network device in the above embodiments can be implemented in the baseband device 1303, which includes a baseband processor.

[0331] The baseband device 1303 may include at least one baseband board, on which multiple chips are disposed, as shown in FIG10. One of the chips is, for example, a baseband processor, which is connected to the memory 1305 via a bus interface to call the program in the memory 1305 to execute the operation of the access network device shown in the above method embodiment.

[0332] The access network device may also include a network interface 1306, such as a Common Public Radio Interface (CPRI).

[0333] Specifically, the access network device 1300 in this application embodiment further includes: instructions or programs stored in memory 1305 and executable on processor 1304. The processor 1304 calls the instructions or programs in memory 1305 to execute the methods executed by each module shown in FIG9 and achieve the same technical effect. To avoid repetition, it will not be described in detail here.

[0334] This application also provides a readable storage medium storing a program or instructions. When the program or instructions are executed by a processor, they implement the various processes of the method embodiments shown in Figures 2-7 above and achieve the same technical effect. To avoid repetition, they will not be described again here.

[0335] The processor mentioned above is the processor in the terminal described in the above embodiments. The readable storage medium includes computer-readable storage media, such as computer read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), magnetic disk, or optical disk. In some examples, the readable storage medium may be a non-transient readable storage medium.

[0336] This application embodiment also provides a chip, which includes a processor and a communication interface. The communication interface is coupled to the processor. The processor is used to run programs or instructions to implement the various processes of the method embodiments shown in Figures 2-7 above, and can achieve the same technical effect. To avoid repetition, it will not be described again here.

[0337] It should be understood that the chip mentioned in the embodiments of this application may also be referred to as a system-on-a-chip, system chip, chip system, or system-on-a-chip, etc.

[0338] This application also provides a computer program / program product, which is stored in a storage medium and executed by at least one processor to implement the various processes of the method embodiments shown in Figures 2-7 above, and can achieve the same technical effect. To avoid repetition, it will not be described again here.

[0339] This application also provides a communication system, including: a terminal and an access network device, wherein the terminal can be used to perform the steps of the data transmission method described above, and the access network device can be used to perform the steps of the data transmission method described above.

[0340] It should be noted that, in this document, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes that element. Furthermore, it should be noted that the scope of the methods and apparatuses in the embodiments of this application is not limited to performing functions in the order shown or discussed, but may also include performing functions substantially simultaneously or in the reverse order, depending on the functions involved. For example, the described methods may be performed in a different order than described, and various steps may be added, omitted, or combined. Additionally, features described with reference to certain examples may be combined in other examples.

[0341] From the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that the methods of the above embodiments can be implemented by means of computer software products plus necessary general-purpose hardware platforms, and of course, they can also be implemented by hardware. The computer software product is stored in a storage medium (such as ROM, RAM, magnetic disk, optical disk, etc.) and includes several instructions to cause the terminal or access network device to execute the methods described in the various embodiments of this application.

[0342] The embodiments of this application have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, this application is not limited to the specific embodiments described above. The specific embodiments described above are merely illustrative and not restrictive. Those skilled in the art can make many other implementations under the guidance of this application without departing from the spirit and scope of the claims. All of these implementations are within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A data transmission method, wherein, include: The error correction ratio of the protocol processing unit (PDU) set obtained by the terminal device; The terminal device determines whether to send the remaining PDUs in the PDU set based on the first information of the PDUs that have been sent in the PDU set and the error correction ratio. The first information is the received information or number of the PDUs that have been sent in the PDU set.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein, When the first information is the number of PDUs already sent in the PDU set, the terminal device determines whether to send the remaining PDUs in the PDU set based on the first information of the PDUs already sent in the PDU set and the error correction ratio, including: If the number of PDUs already sent in the PDU set reaches a first ratio, the terminal device will not send the remaining PDUs in the PDU set, where the first ratio is greater than the error correction ratio.

3. The method according to claim 1, wherein, The terminal device determines whether to send the remaining PDUs in the PDU set based on the first information of the PDUs already sent in the PDU set and the error correction ratio, including: When the terminal device sends the PDU set in unacknowledged mode UM, if the number of PDUs already sent in the PDU set reaches a first ratio, the terminal device will not send the remaining PDUs in the PDU set. When the terminal device sends the PDU set in Acknowledgment Mode (AM), the terminal device determines whether to send the remaining PDUs in the PDU set based on the received information of the PDUs already sent in the PDU set and the error correction ratio.

4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein, The received information of PDUs sent in the PDU set includes at least one of the following: the number of PDUs correctly received in the PDU set, and the number of PDUs that failed to transmit or were discarded due to timeout in the PDU set.

5. The method according to claim 4, wherein, The terminal device determines whether to send the remaining PDUs in the PDU set based on the first information of the PDUs already sent in the PDU set and the error correction ratio, including: When the number of correctly received PDUs in the PDU set reaches the error correction ratio, or when the number of PDUs in the PDU set that failed to transmit or timed out and were discarded reaches a second ratio, where the second ratio is the difference between 1 and the error correction ratio, the PDCP entity of the terminal device performs at least one of the following discard operations on the remaining PDUs in the PDU set: The PDCP entity stops receiving the remaining PDUs from the upper layer of the PDU set; The PDCP entity discards the untransmitted Service Data Units (SDUs) and PDUs corresponding to the PDU set; When the PDCP entity receives the remaining PDUs of the PDU set from the upper layer, it starts a first packet loss timer for the SDU corresponding to the remaining PDUs. The value of the first packet loss timer is less than the value of the packet loss timer of the data radio bearer (DRB) corresponding to the PDU set. The PDCP entity instructs the Radio Link Control (RLC) entity to stop transmitting the first PDU, or instructs the RLC entity that the first PDU has timed out, or instructs the RLC entity to discard the first PDU, wherein the first PDU is a PDU in the PDU set that has been delivered to the RLC layer but whose transmission has not been confirmed as successful.

6. The method according to claim 4, wherein, The terminal device determines whether to send the remaining PDUs in the PDU set based on the first information of the PDUs already sent in the PDU set and the error correction ratio, including: When the number of PDUs that fail to be transmitted or are dropped due to timeout reaches a third ratio, the PDCP entity of the terminal device performs at least one of the following transmission operations on the remaining PDUs in the PDU set: The PDCP entity indicates that the remaining PDUs in the PDU set of the RLC layer are time-urgent data packets; The PDCP entity instructs the RLC layer to perform blind retransmission on the remaining PDUs in the PDU set; The third ratio is less than the second ratio, where the second ratio is the difference between 1 and the error correction ratio.

7. The method according to any one of claims 1-6, wherein, Also includes: The terminal device receives activation or deactivation instructions sent by the access network device; The terminal device determines whether to send the remaining PDUs in the PDU set based on the first information of the PDUs already sent in the PDU set and the error correction ratio, including: Upon receiving the activation instruction information, the terminal device determines whether to send the remaining PDUs in the PDU set based on the first information of the PDUs already sent in the PDU set and the error correction ratio; Upon receiving the deactivation instruction, the terminal device determines to send all PDUs in the PDU set.

8. The method according to any one of claims 1-6, wherein, The error correction ratio of the protocol processing unit (PDU) set obtained by the terminal device includes: The terminal device receives the error correction ratio of the PDU set sent by the network-side device.

9. The method according to claim 8, wherein, Before the terminal device receives the error correction ratio of the PDU set sent by the network-side device, it further includes: The terminal device reports to the network-side device the identifier ID of the QoS flow that supports FEC, and the first error correction ratio corresponding to the QoS flow, wherein the first error correction ratio is the error correction ratio determined by the terminal device.

10. A data transmission method, wherein, include: The access network device sends activation indication information or deactivation indication information to the terminal device. The activation indication information is used to indicate the error correction ratio of the activation protocol processing unit (PDU) set, and the deactivation indication information is used to indicate the error correction ratio of the deactivation to the PDU set.

11. The method according to claim 10, wherein, The method further includes: The number of data packets in the PDU set sent by the core network device is received by the access network device. The number of data packets in the PDU set is carried in the User Plane General Packet Radio Service Tunneling Protocol GTP-U header of any data packet in the PDU set or in the U-GTP header of each data packet.

12. The method according to claim 10 or 11, wherein, The method further includes: The access network device sends the error correction ratio of the PDU set to the terminal device.

13. The method according to claim 12, wherein, Before the access network device sends the error correction ratio of the PDU set to the terminal device, it also includes: The access network device receives the identifier ID of the QoS flow sent by the terminal device, and the first error correction ratio corresponding to the QoS flow, wherein the first error correction ratio is the error correction ratio determined by the terminal device. The access network device determines the error correction ratio of the PDU set based on the ID of the QoS flow and the first error correction ratio.

14. The method according to any one of claims 10-13, wherein, The access network device also performs one of the following steps: After sending the activation indication information to the terminal device, if the number of PDUs received in the PDU set reaches a first ratio, or when the number of correctly received PDUs reaches the error correction ratio, the access network device restores the PDU set based on the received PDUs. After sending the activation indication information to the terminal device, if the number of PDUs that fail to be transmitted in the PDU set or are dropped due to timeout reaches the second ratio, the access network device determines not to receive the remaining PDUs in the PDU set. The second ratio is the difference between 1 and the error correction ratio. After sending the deactivation instruction information to the terminal device, if the number of received PDUs reaches the number of data packets in the PDU set, the access network device restores the PDU set based on the received PDUs.

15. A data transmission apparatus, wherein, include: The acquisition module is used to acquire the error correction ratio of the protocol processing unit (PDU) set; The transmission module is configured to determine whether to transmit the remaining PDUs in the PDU set based on the first information of the PDUs that have been transmitted in the PDU set and the error correction ratio, wherein the first information is the received information or number of the PDUs that have been transmitted in the PDU set.

16. The apparatus according to claim 15, wherein, When the first information is the number of PDUs that have been sent in the PDU set, the transmission module is specifically used for: If the number of PDUs already sent in the PDU set reaches a first ratio, the remaining PDUs in the PDU set will not be sent, where the first ratio is greater than the error correction ratio.

17. The apparatus according to claim 15, wherein, The transmission module is specifically used for: When sending the PDU set in unacknowledged mode UM, if the number of PDUs already sent in the PDU set reaches a first ratio, the remaining PDUs in the PDU set will not be sent. When the PDU set is transmitted using Acknowledgment Mode (AM), it is determined whether to transmit the remaining PDUs in the PDU set based on the received information of the PDUs already transmitted in the PDU set and the error correction ratio.

18. The apparatus according to any one of claims 15-17, wherein, The received information of PDUs sent in the PDU set includes at least one of the following: the number of PDUs correctly received in the PDU set, and the number of PDUs that failed to transmit or were discarded due to timeout in the PDU set.

19. The apparatus according to claim 18, wherein, The transmission module is specifically used for: When the number of correctly received PDUs in the PDU set reaches the error correction ratio, or when the number of PDUs dropped due to transmission failure or timeout in the PDU set reaches a second ratio (the difference between 1 and the error correction ratio), the PDCP entity performs at least one of the following discard operations on the remaining PDUs in the PDU set: The PDCP entity stops receiving the remaining PDUs from the upper layer of the PDU set; The PDCP entity discards the untransmitted Service Data Units (SDUs) and PDUs corresponding to the PDU set; When the PDCP entity receives the remaining PDUs of the PDU set from the upper layer, it starts a first packet loss timer for the SDU corresponding to the remaining PDUs. The value of the first packet loss timer is less than the value of the packet loss timer of the data radio bearer (DRB) corresponding to the PDU set. The PDCP entity instructs the Radio Link Control (RLC) entity to stop transmitting the first PDU, or instructs the RLC entity that the first PDU has timed out, or instructs the RLC entity to discard the first PDU, wherein the first PDU is a PDU in the PDU set that has been delivered to the RLC layer but whose transmission has not been confirmed as successful.

20. The apparatus according to claim 18, wherein, The transmission module is specifically used for: When the number of PDUs that fail to be transmitted or are dropped due to timeout reaches a third ratio, the PDPC entity performs at least one of the following transmission operations on the remaining PDUs in the PDU set: The PDCP entity indicates that the remaining PDUs in the PDU set of the RLC layer are time-urgent data packets; The PDCP entity instructs the RLC layer to perform blind retransmission on the remaining PDUs in the PDU set; The third ratio is less than the second ratio, where the second ratio is the difference between 1 and the error correction ratio.

21. The apparatus according to any one of claims 15-20, wherein, Also includes: The receiving module is used to receive activation or deactivation indication information sent by the access network device; The transmission module is specifically used for: Upon receiving the activation indication information, based on the first information of the PDUs already sent in the PDU set and the error correction ratio, it is determined whether to send the remaining PDUs in the PDU set; Upon receiving the deactivation instruction, determine to send all PDUs in the PDU set.

22. The apparatus according to any one of claims 15-20, wherein, The acquisition module is specifically used for: The error correction ratio of the PDU set sent by the network-side device.

23. The apparatus according to claim 22, wherein, Also includes: The sending module is used to report to the network-side device the identifier ID of the QoS flow that supports FEC, and the first error correction ratio corresponding to the QoS flow, wherein the first error correction ratio is the error correction ratio determined by the terminal device.

24. A data transmission device, wherein, include: The sending module is used to send activation indication information or deactivation indication information to the terminal device. The activation indication information is used to indicate the error correction ratio of the activation protocol processing unit (PDU) set, and the deactivation indication information is used to indicate the error correction ratio of the deactivation PDU set.

25. The apparatus according to claim 24, wherein, Also includes: The receiving module is used to receive the number of data packets in the PDU set sent by the core network equipment. The number of data packets in the PDU set is carried in the User Plane General Packet Radio Service Tunneling Protocol GTP-U header of any data packet in the PDU set or in the U-GTP header of each data packet.

26. The apparatus according to claim 24 or 25, wherein, The sending module is also used for: The error correction ratio of the PDU set is sent to the terminal device.

27. The apparatus according to claim 26, wherein, Also includes: The receiving module is configured to receive the identifier ID of the QoS flow sent by the terminal device, and the first error correction ratio corresponding to the QoS flow, wherein the first error correction ratio is the error correction ratio determined by the terminal device. The determination module is used to determine the error correction ratio used for transmission optimization of the PDU set based on the ID of the QoS flow and the first error correction ratio.

28. The apparatus according to any one of claims 24-27, wherein, It also includes a receiving module, which is used to perform one of the following steps: After sending the activation instruction information to the terminal device, if the number of PDUs received in the PDU set reaches a first ratio, or when the number of correctly received PDUs reaches the error correction ratio, the PDU set is restored based on the received PDUs. After sending the activation indication information to the terminal device, if the number of PDUs that fail to be transmitted in the PDU set or are dropped due to timeout reaches the second ratio, it is determined that the remaining PDUs in the PDU set will not be received. The second ratio is the difference between 1 and the error correction ratio. After sending the deactivation instruction information to the terminal device, when the number of received PDUs reaches the number of data packets in the PDU set, the PDU set is restored based on the received PDUs.

29. A data transmission method, wherein, include: The error correction ratio of the Protocol Processing Unit (PDU) set received by the access network equipment from the core network equipment; The access network device determines whether to send the remaining PDUs in the PDU set based on the first information of the PDUs that have been sent in the PDU set and the error correction ratio. The first information is the received information or number of the PDUs that have been sent in the PDU set.

30. The method according to claim 29, wherein, The method further includes: The access network device receives the number of data packets in the PDU set sent by the core network device. The number of data packets in the PDU set is carried in the User Plane General Packet Radio Service Tunneling Protocol GTP-U header of any data packet in the PDU set or in the U-GTP header of each data packet.

31. The method according to claim 29 or 30, wherein, The access network device determines whether to send the remaining PDUs in the PDU set based on the first information of the PDUs already sent in the PDU set and the error correction ratio, including: When the access network device sends the PDU set in unacknowledged mode UM, if the number of PDUs already sent in the PDU set reaches a first ratio, the access network device will not send the remaining PDUs in the PDU set. When the access network device sends the PDU set in Acknowledgment Mode (AM), the access network device determines whether to send the remaining PDUs in the PDU set based on the received information of the PDUs already sent in the PDU set and the error correction ratio.

32. The method according to any one of claims 29-31, wherein, Also includes: The access network device sends a first indication message or a second indication message to the terminal device. The first indication message is used to indicate that the access network device has activated the error correction ratio of the PDU set, and the second indication message is used to indicate that the access network device has deactivated the error correction ratio of the PDU set.

33. A data transmission method, wherein, include: The terminal device receives a first indication message or a second indication message sent by the access network device. The first indication message is used to indicate that the access network device has activated the error correction ratio of the Protocol Processing Unit (PDU) set, and the second indication message is used to indicate that the access network device has deactivated the error correction ratio of the PDU set.

34. The method according to claim 33, wherein, The terminal device also performs one of the following steps: After receiving the first indication information, if the number of PDUs received in the PDU set reaches a first ratio, or when the number of correctly received PDUs reaches the error correction ratio, the terminal device restores the PDU set based on the received PDUs; After receiving the first indication information, if the number of PDUs that fail to be transmitted or are dropped due to timeout reaches the second ratio, the terminal device determines not to receive the remaining PDUs in the PDU set. The second ratio is the difference between 1 and the error correction ratio. After receiving the second indication information, if the number of received PDUs reaches the number of data packets in the PDU set, the terminal device restores the PDU set based on the received PDUs.

35. A data transmission device, wherein, include: The receiving module is used to receive the error correction ratio of the Protocol Processing Unit (PDU) set sent by the core network equipment; The transmission module is configured to determine whether to transmit the remaining PDUs in the PDU set based on the first information of the PDUs that have been transmitted in the PDU set and the error correction ratio, wherein the first information is the received information or number of the PDUs that have been transmitted in the PDU set.

36. The apparatus according to claim 35, wherein, The receiving module is also used for: The number of data packets in the PDU set sent by the core network equipment is received. The number of data packets in the PDU set is carried in the User Plane General Packet Radio Service Tunneling Protocol GTP-U header of any data packet in the PDU set or in the U-GTP header of each data packet.

37. The apparatus according to claim 35 or 36, wherein, The transmission module is specifically used for: When sending the PDU set in unacknowledged mode UM, if the number of PDUs already sent in the PDU set reaches a first ratio, the remaining PDUs in the PDU set will not be sent. When the PDU set is transmitted using Acknowledgment Mode (AM), it is determined whether to transmit the remaining PDUs in the PDU set based on the received information of the PDUs already transmitted in the PDU set and the error correction ratio.

38. The apparatus according to any one of claims 35-37, wherein, The transmission module is also used for: Send a first indication message or a second indication message to the terminal device. The first indication message is used to indicate that the access network device has activated the error correction ratio of the PDU set, and the second indication message is used to indicate that the access network device has deactivated the error correction ratio of the PDU set.

39. A data transmission device, wherein, include: The receiving module is used to receive a first indication information or a second indication information sent by the access network device. The first indication information is used to indicate that the access network device has activated the error correction ratio of the Protocol Processing Unit (PDU) set, and the second indication information is used to indicate that the access network device has deactivated the error correction ratio of the PDU set.

40. The apparatus according to claim 39, wherein, It also includes a processing module for performing one of the following steps: After receiving the first indication information, if the number of PDUs received in the PDU set reaches the first ratio, or when the number of correctly received PDUs reaches the error correction ratio, the PDU set is restored based on the received PDUs. After receiving the first indication information, if the number of PDUs that fail to transmit or are dropped due to timeout in the PDU set reaches the second ratio, it is determined that the remaining PDUs in the PDU set will not be received. The second ratio is the difference between 1 and the error correction ratio. After receiving the second indication information, if the number of received PDUs reaches the number of data packets in the PDU set, the PDU set is restored based on the received PDUs.

41. A terminal device, wherein, It includes a processor and a memory, the memory storing a program or instructions that can run on the processor, the program or instructions being executed by the processor to implement the steps of the data transmission method as described in any one of claims 1 to 9, or to implement the steps of the data transmission method as described in any one of claims 33 to 34.

42. An access network device, wherein, It includes a processor and a memory, the memory storing a program or instructions that can run on the processor, the program or instructions being executed by the processor to implement the steps of the data transmission method as described in any one of claims 10 to 14, or to implement the steps of the data transmission method as described in any one of claims 29 to 32.

43. A readable storage medium, wherein, The readable storage medium stores a program or instructions that, when executed by a processor, implement the data transmission method as described in any one of claims 1-9, or implement the steps of the data transmission method as described in any one of claims 13-34, or implement the steps of the data transmission method as described in any one of claims 10-14, or implement the steps of the data transmission method as described in any one of claims 29-32.

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