Cell-generated gas pressure rotates guide blades to route extinguishing agent to a failed battery cell while limiting damage to adjacent cells.
Heat-insulating interlayers and support members between facing battery cells block thermal spread, improving cooling paths, assembly efficiency, and safety.
A ballistic housing integrates the battery, flexible backplane, and removable panels to balance wearable power capacity, weight, and protection.
Spring-loaded holding frames keep the cell stack precisely spaced from housing walls, reducing heat-conducting mass and easing module assembly.
An intaglio PCB area and anisotropic conductive film stabilize battery tab resistance and connection despite non-flat crimping surfaces.
High-melting insulation members keep adjacent busbars apart when the support frame collapses during thermal runaway, preventing shorts.
Wide gap regions and sloped moisture paths block capillary water from reaching battery stack output terminals and causing liquid junctions.
Integrated passages inside the battery case outer wall cool and vent abnormal release gas without separate ducts, cutting structure complexity and cost.
A direct-contact mounting wall with a defined size-to-weight ratio improves battery space use, energy density, and structural strength.
Phase change layers and hermetic sealing limit autoclave heat and steam ingress, protecting Li-ion cells, wires, and contacts.
A pressure-responsive duct vent releases hot battery gases and then closes to block oxygen inflow, helping contain fire spread.
A heat-expanded sheet fills cover deformation gaps during thermal runaway, improving hot gas discharge and fire extinguishment.
Parallel coolant flow across battery cells and modules improves temperature uniformity while limiting pack size and thermal runaway risk.
A spacer plate bonded to each cell’s largest wall replaces side beams to raise pack strength, space use, and energy density.
Spaced plastic deformations join the battery module lid and housing to replace screws while maintaining EMC, sealing, and corrosion resistance.
A raised sealing surface and sloped housing keep condensate off voltage-tap interfaces, preserving fluid-tight battery module sealing.